高考英语句子结构分析高级练习题30题

高考英语句子结构分析高级练习题30题
1.The old man sat by the river.
A.The old man（主语）sat（谓语）by the river（状语）
B.The old man（主语）sat by（谓语）the river（宾语）
C.The old man（主语）sat（谓语）by（状语）the river（状语）
D.The old man（主语）by the river（状语）sat（谓语）
答案：A。

“The old man”是动作“sat”的执行者，为主语；“sat”是谓语动词；“by the river”表示地点，为状语。

2.She reads books every day.
A.She（主语）reads（谓语）books（宾语）every day（状语）
B.She（主语）reads books（谓语）every day（状语）
C.She（主语）every day（状语）reads（谓语）books（宾语）
D.She（主语）reads（谓语）every day（状语）books（宾语）
答案：A。

“She”是动作“reads”的执行者，为主语；“reads”是谓语动词；“books”是动作的对象，为宾语；“every day”表示时间，为状语。

3.The sun shines brightly.
A.The sun（主语）shines（谓语）brightly（状语）
B.The sun（主语）shines brightly（谓语）
C.The sun（主语）brightly（状语）shines（谓语）
D.The sun（主语）shines（谓语）by brightly（状语）
答案：A。

“The sun”是发光的主体，为主语；“shines”是谓语动词；“brightly”表示发光的程度，为状语。

4.He runs fast.
A.He（主语）runs（谓语）fast（状语）
B.He（主语）fast（状语）runs（谓语）
C.He（主语）runs fast（谓语）
D.He（主语）by fast（状语）runs（谓语）
答案：A。

“He”是跑步的人，为主语；“runs”是谓语动词；“fast”表示跑步的速度，为状语。

5.They play basketball in the park.
A.They（（主语）play（（谓语）basketball（（宾语）in the park（（状语）
B.They（主语）play basketball（谓语）in the park（状语）
C.They（（主语）in the park（（状语）play（（谓语）basketball（（宾语）
D.They（（主语）play（（谓语）in the park（（状语）basketball（（宾语）
答案：A。

“They”是打球的人，为主语；“play”是谓语动词；“basketball”是打球的对象，为宾语；“in the park”表示地点，为状语。

6.The bird sings beautifully.
A.The bird（主语）sings（谓语）beautifully（状语）
B.The bird（主语）sings beautifully（谓语）
C.The bird（主语）beautifully（状语）sings（谓语）
D.The bird（主语）by beautifully（状语）sings（谓语）
答案：A。

“The bird”是唱歌的主体，为主语；“sings”是谓语动词；“beautifully”表示唱歌的状态，为状语。

7.She writes a letter.
A.She（主语）writes（谓语）a letter（宾语）
B.She（主语）writes a letter（谓语）
C.She（主语）a letter（宾语）writes（谓语）
D.She（主语）by a letter（状语）writes（谓语）
答案：A。

“She”是写信的人，为主语；“writes”是谓语动词；“a letter”是写的对象，为宾语。

8.He eats an apple.
A.He（主语）eats（谓语）an apple（宾语）
B.He（主语）eats an apple（谓语）
C.He（主语）an apple（宾语）eats（谓语）
D.He（主语）by an apple（状语）eats（谓语）
答案：A。

“He”是吃苹果的人，为主语；“eats”是谓语动词；“an apple”是吃的对象，为宾语。

9.They watch TV.
A.They（主语）watch（谓语）TV（宾语）
B.They（主语）watch TV（谓语）
C.They（主语）TV（宾语）watch（谓语）
D.They（主语）by TV（状语）watch（谓语）
答案：A。

“They”是看电视的人，为主语；“watch”是谓语动词；“TV”是看的对象，为宾语。

10.The cat sleeps on the mat.
A.The cat（主语）sleep
11.The book that I read yesterday was very interesting.
The book which I read yesterday was very interesting.
The book I read yesterday was very interesting.
The book where I read yesterday was very interesting.
答案：The book that/which I read yesterday was very interesting.本题考查定语从句。

先行词是book，在从句中作宾语，关系代词可用that 或which，也可以省略。

选项The book I read yesterday was very interesting.中省略了关系代词。

选项The book where I read yesterday was very interesting.中where 不能在定语从句中作宾语，只能作地点状语。

12.I will never forget the day when we met.
I will never forget the day which we met on.
I will never forget the day on which we met.
I will never forget the day that we met on.
答案：I will never forget the day when we met.本题考查定语从句。

先行词是day，在从句中作时间状语，关系副词用when。

选项I will never forget the day which we met on.和I will never forget the day that we met on.中which 和that 不能在定语从句中作时间状语。

选项I will never forget the day on which we met.也正确，但不如选项I will never forget the day when we met.简洁。

13.As soon as he arrived, he began to work.
No sooner had he arrived than he began to work.
Hardly had he arrived when he began to work.
Scarcely had he arrived than he began to work.
答案：As soon as he arrived, he began to work.本题考查时间状语从句。

As soon as 表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。

选项No sooner had he arrived than he began to work.和Hardly had he arrived when he began to work.意思也是“一……就……”，但这两个结构要使用倒装语序。

选项Scarcely had he arrived than he began to work.中than 错误，应为when。

14.Although he is young, he is very experienced.
Though he is young, he is very experienced.
Even though he is young, he is very experienced.
Despite he is young, he is very experienced.
答案：Although he is young, he is very experienced.本题考查让步状语从句。

Although、Though 和Even though 都可以引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然……但是……”。

选项Despite he is young, he is very experienced.错误，despite 是介词，不能引导从句，应该是Despite his being young, he is very experienced.
15.I don't know what he is doing.
I don't know that he is doing.
I don't know if he is doing.
I don't know whether he is doing.
答案：I don't know what he is doing.本题考查宾语从句。

在宾语从
句中，表示“不知道他在做什么”，连接词用what。

选项I don't know that he is doing.中that 在宾语从句中无实际意义，且不能表示“什么”的意思。

选项I don't know if he is doing.和I don't know whether he is doing.意思是“不知道他是否在做”，与题意不符。

16.The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.
The reason that he was late is because he missed the bus.
The reason which he was late is that he missed the bus.
The reason for which he was late is that he missed the bus.
答案：The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.本题考查定语从句和表语从句。

先行词是reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，关系副词用why。

表语从句用that 引导，说明原因的内容。

选项The reason that he was late is because he missed the bus.中because 不能引导表语从句。

选项The reason which he was late is that he missed the bus.中which 不能在定语从句中作原因状语。

选项The reason for which he was late is that he missed the bus.也正确，但不如选项The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.简洁。

17.Whoever comes will be welcome.
No matter who comes will be welcome.
Anyone who comes will be welcome.
Whomever comes will be welcome.
21.Out rushed the children when the bell rang.
A.Out rushed the children
B.Out the children rushed
C.The children out rushed
D.The children rushed out
答案：A。

本题考查倒装句。

当表示方位的副词out、in、up、down 等位于句首时，句子要用完全倒装，即将谓语动词提到主语之前。

所以正确答案是A。

22.It was not until midnight that he came back.
A.It was not until midnight that he came back
B.Not until midnight did he come back
C.He did not come back until midnight
D.He came back not until midnight
答案：B。

本题考查强调句和倒装句的结合。

“It is/was not until...that...”是强调句结构，将not until 提到句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词did 提到主语he 之前。

A 选项是正常的强调句，B 选项是倒装后的形式，C 选项是正常语序，D 选项语序错误。

所以正确答案是B。

23.If it were not for your help, I would fail.
A.If it were not for your help, I would fail.
B.Were it not for your help, I would fail.
C.Not for your help, I would fail.
D.Without your help, I would fail.
答案：B。

本题考查虚拟语气中的倒装句。

在虚拟条件句中，如
果含有were、had、should 等词，可以将if 省略，把were、had、should 提到主语之前。

A 选项是正常的虚拟条件句，B 选项是倒装后的形式，C 选项和D 选项表达不够准确。

所以正确答案是B。

24.Hardly had he entered the room when the phone rang.
A.Hardly had he entered the room when the phone rang.
B.Hardly he had entered the room when the phone rang.
C.He had hardly entered the room when the phone rang.
D.He entered the room hardly when the phone rang.
答案：A。

本题考查倒装句。

“hardly...when...”表示“一……就……”，当hardly 位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词had 提到主语he 之前。

所以正确答案是A。

25.Only in this way can we solve the problem.
A.Only in this way can we solve the problem.
B.Only in this way we can solve the problem.
C.In this way only can we solve the problem.
D.In this way we only can solve the problem.
答案：A。

本题考查倒装句。

“only + 状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词can 提到主语we 之前。

B 选项语序错误，
C 选项和
D 选项的only 位置不对。

所以正确答案是A。

26.So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him.
A.So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him.
B.So fast he runs that I can't catch up with him.
C.He runs so fast that I can't catch up with him.
D.He runs so fast as I can't catch up with him.
答案：A。

本题考查倒装句。

“so + 形容词/副词+ that...”表示“如此……以至于……”，当so + 形容词/副词位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词does 提到主语he 之前。

B 选项是正常语序，
C 选项也是正常语序，
D 选项as 用法错误。

所以正确答案是A。

27.Not only does he like English, but also he is good at it.
A.Not only does he like English, but also he is good at it.
B.Not only he likes English, but also he is good at it.
C.He not only likes English, but also is good at it.
D.He likes not only English, but also is good at it.
答案：A。

本题考查倒装句。

“not only...but also...”连接两个句子时，not only 位于句首，前一个句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词does 提到主语he 之前。

B 选项语序错误，C 选项和D 选项的not only 位置不对。

所以正确答案是A。

28.Had I known his address, I would have visited him.
A.Had I known his address, I would have visited him.
B.If I had known his address, I would have visited him.
C.I had known his address, I would have visited him.
D.Known his address, I would have visited him.
答案：A。

本题考查虚拟。