人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析.docx

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人教版高中英语必修三Unit_4_Astronomy:the_science_of_the_stars

人教版高中英语必修三Unit_4_Astronomy:the_science_of_the_stars

在大批人员的介绍引见中,没有几个人希望你记住他们的
名字。
(2)Her garden is a mass of flowers. 她的花园里种满了花。
(3)I don’t like children inthemass . 大体而论,我不喜欢儿童。
(4) Themassof people in that country are Christians. 那个国家的大部分人是基督徒。
注意:a mass of和masses of可以后接可数或不可数名词,作主 语时谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的单复数保持一致。
(1)Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to
remember their names.
(2009·安徽,阅读理解A)
hat and gloves to protect your face from being exposed
to the strong sunlight and your hands from being hurt.
(2009·辽宁)
d.It is necessary to stop the tourists from taking photos with
(2008·江苏,阅读理解B)
这些气体起到像温室玻璃一样的作用,它们允许来自太
阳的能量进入却阻止能量离开。
(2)They would prevent/stop/keep the rich from robbing the
poor. 他们要制止富人掠夺穷人。
(3)He raised his arm to protecthischildfrom 他伸出手臂去保护他的孩子免受伤害。

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars[全套课件]

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars[全套课件]
Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilt hedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaball movingaroundthesun.
Leavetheearth
Verystrong
Inspace
Veryheavy
Disappeared
Floatedweightlessly
Onthemoon
Verylight Themasswillbeless
LastmonthIvisitedthemoonwithmyfriend.Beforewel eft,Iwastoldtheforceofg_____wouldchgarnagveitthyreetim esonourjourney.Thenwetookoff.Aswelefttheearth,I becameveryh_______.Graduallytheweighhetalv_y______. WhenIwasinspace,itd_l_es_s_e_n_e_d___.Wef_______weig htlesslyindtihseacpapbeianraenddIc___f_lo_a_t_e_d.WhenIwasonthe moon,Iwassurpcrhiseeedrteodfiunpdoutevenwalkingneedslots ofpracticen______gravitychanged.Thereturningoft heearthwasveryf_____n_o_w_t_h.aWt ewereamazedtowatch fireb________ontheoutsideoftheship.frightening
Astronomy
Astronomyisthescientificstudyoftheuniverseand theheavenbodies(suchasthesun,themoon,andsta rs),gas,anddustwithinit.

高考英语一轮复习话题14宇宙知识(Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars)新人教版必修3

高考英语一轮复习话题14宇宙知识(Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars)新人教版必修3

话题14 宇宙知识(Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars)晨读背诵1. get started开始2. grasp/seize the opportunity 抓住机会3. set foot in China踏上中国的土地4. as sb. puts it正如某人所说5. enjoy a boom in scientific and technological development有科技发展的兴隆6. send satellites into space发射卫星到太空7. first manned space flight首次载人太空飞行8. deadly disease致命的疾病 9. to name (just) a few仅以这些为例10. name after the atest technology of the time以那个时期最新的技术为名11. give rise to引起 12. in some/most cases在某些/大多数情况下13. the same is true for ……也适用于 14. run a company经营公司15. aim at sth./doing以做……为目的16. for the time being 暂时基础知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词。1. astronomy [əˈstrɒnəmɪ] n.天文学→astronomer [əˈstrɒnəmə(r)] n.天文学家2. system [ˈsɪstəm] n.系统;体系;制度3. theory [ˈθɪərɪ] n.学说;理论→theoretical [θɪəˈretɪk(ə)l] adj.理论上的4. globe [ɡləʊb] n.球体;地球仪;地球→global [ˈɡləʊb(ə)l] adj.全球性的;全世界的5. violent [ˈvaɪələnt] adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→violence [ˈvaɪələns] n.暴力→violently [ˈvaɪələntlɪ]adv.猛烈地6. atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪə(r)] n.大气层;气氛7. unlike [ʌnˈlaɪk] prep.不同;不像→dislike [dɪsˈlaɪk] vt.不喜欢8. presence [ˈprezəns] n.出席;到场;存在→present [ˈprez(ə)nt] adj. & n. & v.在场的;目前,现在;出席;颁发,授予9. harmful ['hɑ:mful] adj.有害的;伤害的→harm [hɑːm] n.危害,害处→harmless [ˈhɑːmlɪs] adj.无害的10. exist [ɪɡˈzɪst] vi.存在,生存→existence [ɪɡˈzɪst(ə)ns] n.存在,生存11. puzzle [ˈpʌz(ə)l] n.谜;难题vt. & vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难→puzzled [ˈpʌz(ə)ld]adj.迷惑的→puzzling [ˈpʌz(ə)lɪŋ]adj.令人迷惑的12. gravity [ˈɡrævɪtɪ] n.万有引力;重力13. satellite [ˈsætəlaɪt] n.卫星;人造卫星14. climate [ˈklaɪmɪt] n.气候15. spaceship [ˈspeɪsʃɪp] n.宇宙飞船16. pull [pʊl] n. & vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力17. float [fləʊt] vi. & vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮 n.漂浮物18. mass [mæs] n.质量;团;块;大量;(复)群众(B)单词活用用所给词的正确形式填空。

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Unit 4Astronomy:the science of the stars(时间:35分钟)Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识1.(2012·高考浙江卷)—I’m going to San Francisco for a couple of days.—________.I wish I could get away for a while.A.It doesn’t matter B.Forget itC.I really envy you D.I can’t agree more2.(2013·山东青岛质检)—Of the two bags,which one do you prefer?—________bigger one.It’s ________ most beautiful one,I think.A.The;a B.The;theC.A;/ D.A;the3.Newly-born babies are good sleepers.The amount of their sleep is________that of adults.A.several times larger than B.a few times the size ofC.as several times as D.a few times deeper than4.(2013·湖北重点中学联考)Getting more information on how to use these tools can ________your chances of success.A.raise B.multiplyC.add D.gain5.Encourage your children to try new things,but try not to ________ them too hard.A.draw B.strikeC.rush D.push6.(2013·安徽皖北协作区高三联考)It’s reported that women with demanding jobs are almost ________ to suffer a heart attack.A.as likely twice B.likely twice asC.twice as likely D.twice likely as7.The police arrived twenty minutes later and ________ the crowd for the sake of safety.A.took up B.wound upC.woke up D.broke up8.All possible means ________.However,nothing can __________ him dying of lung cancer.A.has tried;stop B.have tried;keepC.has been tried;prevent D.have been tried;stop9.Completely lost in the exciting ________ of the football match,Tom didn’t feel his pocket picked.A.scenery B.viewC.atmosphere D.sight10.(2013·淄博模拟)The taxi driver had to ________ because the traffic light had turned red.A.set up B.shut upC.catch up D.pull up11.(2013·石家庄质检)________is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.A.It B.AsC.That D.What12.(2013·云南第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测)Roger had a GPS device fitted in his car ________he lost his way in the city.A.so that B.now thatC.in case D.as if13.Tom has agreed to let me use his computer to surf the Internet,and ________ I’m treating him to a good dinner at the newly-built restaurant just around the corner.A.in charge B.in placeC.in return D.in turn14.If you want to ________ and make sure you’re successful in an exam,you should wear yellow.A.cheer up B.go aheadC.good luck D.no problem15.Earth is a rocky planet where there is liquid water,which is necessary for life to________.A.come B.existC.stand D.happenⅡ.完形填空(2013·淄博高三模拟考试)When he was driving home one evening on a country road,he saw an old lady on the side of the road.He__1__in front of her car and got out.Even with the__2__on his face,she was worried.He looked poor and hungry.He knew__3__she felt.He said,“I am here to help you,madam.Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm?__4__,my name is Joe.”She had a__5__tire.Joe crawled under the car,changed the tire.But he got__6__and his hands hurt.She could not thank him__7__and asked him how much she__8__him.He told her that if she really wanted to__9__him back,the next time she saw someone who needed help,she could give that person the__10__they needed.She drove off.A few miles down the road the lady saw a small__11__.She went in.The waitress had a sweet smile,and was nearly eight months__12__.The old lady__13__how someone like her who seemed poor could be so kind to a__14__.Then she remembered Joe.After the lady finished her meal,the waitress went to get her__15__from a hundred-dollar bill.But she stepped right out the door.When the waitress came back,she noticed something__16__on a napkin (餐巾纸),“I am helping you because someone once helped me.If you really want to pay me back,here’s what you do—Do not let the__17__of love end with you.”That night when she got home,she was__18__the money and what the lady had written.She and her husband needed money with the baby__19__next month.She knew how worried her husband was,and as he lay__20__next to her,she whispered,“Everything’s going to be all right,I love you,Joe.”1.A.stood B.droveC.stopped D.waved2.A.anxiety B.surpriseC.sorrow D.smile3.A.why B.howC.what D.whether4.A.By the way B.In additionC.By chance D.In return5.A.poor B.flatC.round D.used6.A.excited B.thirstyC.satisfied D.dirty7.A.much B.howeverC.enough D.further8.A.returned B.lentC.owed D.appreciated9.A.take B.payC.hold D.charge10.A.assistance B.moneyC.expense D.ability11.A.store B.hospitalC.cinema D.restaurant12.A.elder B.experiencedC.pregnant D.served13.A.imagined B.doubtedC.wondered D.expected14.A.woman B.customerC.tourist D.stranger15.A.receipt B.changeC.payment D.check16.A.written B.printedC.drawn D.copied17.A.chain B.relationC.devotion D.story18.A.putting away B.thinking aboutC.turning in D.looking after19.A.ahead B.extraC.front D.due20.A.sleeping B.chattingC.arguing D.drinkingⅢ.阅读理解(2013·淄博高三模拟) A group of eight public high school students in Massachusetts,aged 15 to 17,designed and ran their own school within a school.They named their practice the Independent Project.They represented the usual range:two were close to dropping out before they started the project,while others were honors students.Their guidance teacher was their adviser,consulting with them when the group encountered difficulties.Though they sought advice from English,math and science teachers,they were responsible for monitoring one another’s work and giving one another feedback.There were no grades,but at the end of the term,the students wrote evaluations of their classmates.The students also designed their own course.In addition to some regular courses,they each took on an “individual project”,learning to play the piano or to cook,writing a novel or making a video about domestic (国内的) violence.At the end of the term,they performed their new skills in front of the entire school.The last part of their self-designed course was to do a “collective project” that had social significance.Because they felt the whole experience had been so life-changing,they ended up making a film showing how other students could start and run their own schools.The project was a success.After returning to their traditional study,the students have high motivation and are doing well.One student who had failed all of his previous math courses spent three weeks teaching the others about probability.The lesson learned here is that if students are given the opportunity to take control or contribute significantly to their own learning they will become more accomplished,more engaged and more knowledgeable.The students in the project are remarkable because they demonstrate the kinds of learning and personal growth that are possible when teenagers feel ownership of their high school experience,learn things that matter to them and learn together.1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Some students might drop out of high school.B.The teachers monitored the students’ homework.C.The students themselves solved all their problems.D.The teachers evaluate the students’ performances.2.The students involved in the Independent Project ________.A.didn’t need to learn common lessonsB.tended to escape from the whole societyC.were unwilling to share their experiencesD.focused on self-study and working together3.According to Paragraph 4,we know that ________.A.the traditional study is better than the projectB.all the students had failed their math coursesC.the students have freedom to design their lessonsD.the project was mainly concerned with math courses4.The project made the students outstanding because ________.A.they are unusually talentedB.they have better backgroundsC.they have supportive teachersD.they are owners of their education5.What would be the best title of the text?A.Structure the kids’ days to the minuteB.Let kids rule their own school within a schoolC.Offer students few opportunities to do anythingD.Provide traditional education to the studentsUnit 4Astronomy:the science of the stars课时达标检测Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识1.【解析】选C。

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars
Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects (天体) (such as moons, planets, stars, nebulae (星 云), and galaxies); the physics, chemistry, and evolution of such objects.
Day 6: God spoke and created the land animals and the first man.
Day 7: God rested and called this day Holy.
How was the universe formed? How did life begin on Earth?
Chinese Legends (传说)
Pangu separates the sky from the earth.
His whole body then turns into all kinds of things in the universe.
Legend: The Goddess Nvwa mended
How to remember the order of the eight planets around the sun?
My Very Earnest Mother Just Served UN a Pizza
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
The Solar System
In our solar system eight planets circle around the sun.

人教版高中英语必修3:unit 4 Astronomy_ the science of star

人教版高中英语必修3:unit 4 Astronomy_ the science of star
学科: 高中英语 教材: 人教版必修三
Unit 4 Astronomy
The science of the stars 关于星星的科学
主讲: 学校:
Solar system On which planet are there
lives at present ?
earth
HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH
Age(dinosaur)ended
plant
water
Reptiles Plants
Insects and amphibians
Plants grow on land
Earth (solid globe) atmostphere
Dinosaurs
Mammals (including humans )
The developmnt of the earth
WeChat of the earth
EARTH
The universe bloengagnawgitoh a “Big Bang”
EARTH
Stars aanfdteotrhetrhbeodBieigs wBearnegformed
EARTH
EARTH
Wataesr btheegaenatrothapcpoeoalreodndtohwe enarth
EARTH
PlManilltisonbseogfayneators garfotewr wateirn’s wapapteearrance
EARTH
The age6o5fmdiinlloiosanuyrseeanrdseadgo
FSakstimremaidnigng
What’s the text about?

人教版高中英语必修三《Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》课件

人教版高中英语必修三《Unit 4 Astronomythe science of the stars》课件

Main idea of each paragraph
Para 1: Para 2: a. The importance of water for life b. The development of plants and animals on the earth c. The formation of the earth d. The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth e. A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
Warming up
Let’s appreciate
some beautiful pictures and
videos of the solar system.
3
The Solar S• many comets (彗星) • other bodies
Nvwa makes human beings
In Bible, the world and the whole universe was created by the God. Then the god create the first man Adam and the first woman Eve.
Para 3: Para 4: Para 5:
While-reading
Work in pairs. Get familiar with the order of development of life according to the passage.

人教版高中英语必修三(Book 3 Unit 4)

人教版高中英语必修三(Book 3 Unit 4)

人教版高中英语必修三(Book 3 Unit 4)Unit 4 Astronomy:The science of the stars1. spread vt.&vi. 展开,铺开;散布;扩大;延伸The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀。

Flies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病。

常用结构:spread sth. with sth. 用……抹/涂/铺……spread ...on ...把……抹/涂/铺在……be spread for摆好(桌子)准备spread oneself\[口\]舒展四肢(躺下)spread out张开,伸开,铺开,展开,伸长单项填空Paper making began in China and _____________to Europe.A. SpreadB. grewC. CarriedD. developed解析:选A。

句意为:造纸术起源于中国,又传播到了欧洲。

spread传播。

2. method n. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法。

What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么?联想拓展by this means=in this way=with this method 用这种方法易混辨析method/meansmethod侧重"理论方法",指做某事的具体步骤或程序。

a new teaching method一种新的教学方法means(单复数同形)侧重"通过手段"或"利用工具"去达到某种目的。

选词填空(method/means)(原创)①The quickest of travel _____________is by plane.②She has a very scientific _____________of dealing with political problems. 答案:①means②method3. harmful adj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害mean no harm 无意伤害别人;没有恶意harm one's image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声do more harm than good 弊大于利There is no harm in (sb's) doing sth.=It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 做某事无害处be harmful to 对……有害harm n.&v. 损害,伤害Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。

人教版高中英语必修三unit4 astronomy the science of the stars

人教版高中英语必修三unit4 astronomy the science of the stars

与 get 相关的短语:
get along 相处融洽,进展等
get down to 开始认真对待,开始认真
考虑
get on
上车
get through 到达;通过;办完,花光
(get down to get on get to get through get over get up
1. There was a _m__a_ss_ of people around the club entrance.
2. You ought to have a good rest _n_o_w__t_h_a_t you’ve finished the work.
float now that mass pull get the hang of watch out
Now that you are busy, let me do it for you. 2. 既然人都齐了, 咱们开始干吧。 Now that everyone is here let’s start work.
6. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased. break out 它与 happen, take place, come out 等 词的用法一样,是不及物动词,不能 带宾语,不能用于被动语态。
5. ... “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” ......既然引力改变了,走路也的确需要 练一练了。
now that 同 since 相似,语气较弱, 强调人们已知的事实。

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetiejiUnit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学,生物化学,地理学或天文学的一部分。

in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个,两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。

注意:in+数词/名词(数词/名词以复数形式)e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示:以……数量/形式、形状等。

e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb.游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。

Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because itwas not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定,因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。

(1)violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.[U]1.暴力,强暴2.猛烈,剧烈,强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。

e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.(宾语)我不知道他是否同意我的观点。

高中英语必修三:Unit4Astronomy_thescienceofthestars―人教标1

高中英语必修三:Unit4Astronomy_thescienceofthestars―人教标1
anizaton 2. timeline C. How life began on the earth. (The evolution of life on the earth.)
Homework
1. Read the passage. 2.Write down the retelling on your
shellfish (贝类) and other fish
plants
insects(昆虫) amphibians (两栖类)
plants
reptiles (爬行类) Human being
dinosaurs mammals
Discourse markers (话语标记) first, next, later, after that, however, finally
First 5. Small plants grew on the water. 6. Shellfish and other fish appeared.
Next 7. Plants began to grow on dry land. 8. Insects and amphibians appeared.
海王星
Neptune
Pangu separates the sky from the earth
The Goddess Nuwa mended the heaven and created human beings
God created the world in seven days
Life first began in the sea on the earth.
Summary 本课小结
A. New words: theory/ globe/ violent/ atmosphere/ unlike/fundamental/ harmful/ chain/ lay eggs/ exit/mammal/ give birth to/ B. Reading skills:

高一英语必修3-Unit-4-Astronomy-the-scien

高一英语必修3-Unit-4-Astronomy-the-scien

高一英语必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars人教试验版【本讲教化信息】一、教学内容必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars(一)重点单词(二)重点短语(三)重(难)点句型二、学问精讲(一)重点单词1. system n.[c] 系统;体系;制度systematic adj.He created a new system of teaching foreign languages.他创建了一种新的外语教学体系。

The new system has had a disastrous effect on productivity.新制度对生产率产生了灾难性的影响。

Too much alcohol is bad for the system.过量饮酒对身体有害。

theory n.学说;理论theoretic adj.There are many theories about the origin of life.关于生命起源的学说有许多。

In this way they can better apply theory to practice.这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。

Your plan sounds fine in theory it doesn’t work in practice.你的支配在理论上听起来不错,但在实践中无法实施。

2. violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;粗暴的violence n.They are launching a violent attack on the enemy.他们对敌人绽开了猛烈的进攻。

The class was shocked by his violent language.全班同学对他激烈的言辞感到震惊。

Children should not be allowed to watch violent movies.不应允许儿童看暴力电影。

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高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学,生物化学,地理学或天文学的一部分。

in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个,两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。

注意:in+数词/名词(数词/名词以复数形式)e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示:以……数量/形式、形状等。

e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。

Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定,因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。

(1)violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.[U]1.暴力,强暴2.猛烈,剧烈,强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。

e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.(宾语)我不知道他是否同意我的观点。

The question is whether he will agree to my proposal.(表语)问题是他是否同意我的建议。

I have no idea whether he can do it or not.(同位语)我不知道他是否能做这件事。

2.It exploded loudly with fire and rock,which were in time to produce the water vapour,carbon dioxide,oxygen,nitrogen and other gases,...球体发生剧烈爆炸,伴有火焰和岩浆,这些最终生成水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧气、氮气及其他气体,……全析提示whether or not 其后还可跟不定式,构成whether to do or not。

e.g.Whether to go there or not is still a question.是否去还是个疑问。

在此结构中,whether 不能用if 替换。

explode v.爆发;爆炸e.g.The bomb fell in a field and exploded.一颗炸弹落在田野上爆炸了。

At last his anger exploded.最后他发火了。

explode with laughter 突然大笑3.As the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface.在地球冷却的过程中,其表面开始出现水。

思维拓展explosion n.1.[C & U]爆炸;爆发2.[C]激增;扩大explosive adj.1.爆炸的;爆发的2.极易引起争论的cool vi. & vt. (使)凉快;(使)冷却e.g.The hot water began to cool.热水开始冷却。

Cool the drinks,please; put some ice in them. 请把这些饮料弄凉,在里面放些冰。

思维拓展cool adj.凉的,凉快的;(指人)冷淡的,冷漠的:e.g.She was rather cool towards us.她对我们相当冷淡。

4.What scientists think is that the earth was different because of the arrival of small plants growing in the water on its surface.科学家认为,地球与众不同,是因为生活在水中的一些微小植物来到地球表面。

这是一个复杂句式。

其中what一词引导的是主语从句。

全析提示what在主语从句中充当宾语。

5.They multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas with oxygen.地球上的植物细胞增加并使海洋中富含氧气。

(1)multiply vt.& vi.乘;增多,增加e.g.Multiply 3 by 5.用五来乘三。

Efficiency would be multiplied several times. 效率将提高好几倍。

Rabbits multiply rapidly. 思维拓展multiplication n.1.[C]乘法2.[U]增加,繁殖兔子繁殖得很快。

(2)fill...with 把装满;用……充满e.g.He filled the glass with water. 他把玻璃杯倒满水。

It filled his heart with sadness. 这件事使他心里充满悲伤。

全析提示be filled with 充满;挤满e.g.I am filled with joy.我内心充满着喜悦。

The streets were filled with people.街上挤满了人。

6.This encouraged the development of early shellfish and allsorts of fish.思维拓展这促进了早期贝类、鱼类的进化。

development n.[U]发展;冲洗e.g.With the development of modern agriculture and industry,more and more waste is produced.随着现代农业和工业的发展,越来越多的废物产生了。

develop vt.发展,养成;开发;冲洗(胶卷)e.g.Can you develop this film for us?你能代我们冲洗这个胶卷吗?He is engaged in the development of his business.他正忙于业务发展。

The development of photo films requires a dark room.冲洗照片底片需要暗房。

7.They produced young generally by laying eggs. 思维拓展它们通常为卵生。

generally adv.(1)广泛的,普遍地e.g.The new plan was generally welcomed.新计划受到普遍欢迎。

(2)通常;一般e.g.He is generally on time.他通常不迟到。

generally speaking=in general一般说来e.g.Women,generally speaking,live longer than men. 总的说来,女人比男人长寿。

general adj.1.普遍的;全体的,总的,全面的a general strike总罢工a general election 大选2.泛指的;一般的general knowledge 一般知识3.大体的;笼统的8.They laid eggs too.它们也为卵生。

lay vi.下(蛋),产(卵)ying eggs is her full-time job.产卵是她的专职工作。

The hens don’t lay eggs during this cold weather. 这样冷的天气母鸡是不会下蛋的。

思维拓展lay还有其他含义:1.放,搁lay aside放在一边,搁一搁(暂不解决)2.安排,安置lay the table 摆桌子9.Small clever animals,now with hands and feet,appeared and spread all over the earth.一些灵长类动物,长有手和脚,出现并在世界各地蔓延开来。

spread vi.伸展,延伸;传播,传开;展现e.g.The city spreads for ten miles to the north.这座城市将向北延伸十里。

But the story of the little boy spread quickly.但小英雄的故事很快传开了。

思维拓展extend和spread都有“伸展、延伸”之意,但extend既可用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词,而spread常用作不及物动词。

10.They developed new methods of growing food,hunting and moving around.它们开发出种植食物、狩猎、行走的新方法。

method n.[C]方法,办法e.g.They use modern methods of teaching math.他们用现代教算术的方法。

There is a method in doing anything.做什么事都有方法。

思维拓展method n.[U]规律,秩序e.g.He is a man of method. 他是个有条理的人。

There is method in his madness.他表面疯狂,实则理性。

11.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.它们向大气层中释放太多的二氧化碳,使得热量无法散发到太空。

prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止或妨碍某人/某事物e.g.Nobody can prevent us/our getting married.谁也阻止不了我们结婚。

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