广东省增城中学高三理综第四次综合测试【会员独享】

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2024届广东省广州增城高三上学期考前模拟物理核心考点试题

2024届广东省广州增城高三上学期考前模拟物理核心考点试题

2024届广东省广州增城高三上学期考前模拟物理核心考点试题一、单项选择题(本题包含8小题,每小题4分,共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)(共8题)第(1)题来自外太空的宇宙射线在进入地球大气层后,可能会与大气中的氮原子作用而产生质子,其核反应方程为:。

产生的不够稳定,能自发的进行衰变,其半衰期为5730年。

下列说法正确的是( )A.为粒子B.衰变的本质是由强相互作用引起的中子转变为质子并释放出电子C.的经11460年后,还剩D.由于地球的温室效应,地球温度升高,则的半衰期发生变化第(2)题如图所示,AB、CD、EF都为半径为R的空间球面的直径,其中AB与EF同在水平面内,EF与AB的夹角θ=45°,CD与水平面垂直,现在A、B两点分别固定等量异种点电荷,则( )A.E、F两点电势相同B.E、F两点电场强度相同C.沿直线从C到D,电场强度先变小后变大D.将带正电的检验电荷从E点沿直线移到F点,电场力不做功第(3)题如图所示,线圈在匀强磁场中绕垂直于磁场方向的固定轴转动,穿过线圈的磁通量φ随时间t按正弦规律变化的图像如图所示,线圈转动周期为T,线圈产生的电动势的最大值为E m。

则( )A .在时,线圈中产生的瞬时电流最大B .在时,线圈中的磁通量变化率最小C.线圈中电动势的瞬时值D.将线圈转速增大2倍,线圈中感应电动势也增大2倍第(4)题用油膜法估测分子大小的实验中,下列操作错误的是( )A.将痱子粉均匀地撒在水面上B.滴入液滴时,滴管下端应靠近水面C.待油酸薄膜形状稳定后,在玻璃板上描下油酸膜的形状D.向量筒中滴5滴溶液,测出5滴溶液的体积,算得1滴溶液的体积第(5)题2020年12月2日22时,经过约19个小时的月面工作,嫦娥5号完成了月面自动采样封装,这其中要用到许多压力传感器。

有些压力传感器是通过霍尔元件将压力信号转化为电信号,当压力改变时有电流通过霍尔元件。

2020-2021学年广州增城区增城中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年广州增城区增城中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年广州增城区增城中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA medical capsule robot is a small,often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body after being swallowed or surgically inserted. Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of the two to control the movement of the capsule. Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observation and diagnosis, with sensors that “feel,” and even with mechanical needles that administer drugs.But in practice, Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models from scratch (从头开始) is costly, time-consuming and requires advanced skills. “The problem was we had to do them from scratch every time,” said Valdastri in an interview. “And other research groups were redeveloping those same modules from scratch, which didn’t make sense.”Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components: a microprocessor, communication submodules, an energy source, sensors, and actuators (致动器), Valdastri and his team made the modular platform in which the pieceswork in concertand can be interchanged with ease. They also developed a flexible board on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos. The board can be folded to fit the body of the capsule, down to about 14 mm. Additionally, they compiled (编译) a library of components that designers could choose from, enabling hundreds of different combinations. They arranged it all in a free online system. Designers can take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs.“Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch, people with limited technological experience can use our modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,” Valdastri said.Now, the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding. Researchers at Scotland’s Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsule that takes images of the colon(结肠). One research group, led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease of the Chinese University of HongKong, is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itself through the stomach.One limitation of Valdastri’s system is that it’s only for designing models. Researchers can confirm their hypotheses (假设) and do first design using the platform, but will need to move to a custom approach to developtheir capsules further and make them practical for clinical use.1. According to the passage, Valdastri and his team created the platform to ________.A. adopt the latest technologiesB. make their robots dream come trueC. help build specialized capsule robotsD. do preciser observation and diagnosis2. What does the underlined phrase “work in concert” mean in Para.3?A. Perform live.B. Run independently.C. Act in a cooperative way.D. Carry on step by step.3. What can be learnt from the passage?A. Valdastri’s system can’t provide a complete capsule creation.B. The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach.C. The capsules can move in human’s body automatically.D. It costs more to module the capsules on the board.BWhen John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood,he wasbetter off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys fromBoston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力)and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, ” said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家)who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchersalso found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings(基础)of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”4. What do we know about John?A. He received little love from his family.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He enjoyed his career and marriage.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.5. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _______.A. a description of personal values and social valuesB. an analysis of how work was related to competenceC. an example for parents' expectations of their childrenD. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men6. Vaillant's team got their findings by _______.A. recording the boys' effort in schoolB. comparing different sets of scoresC. evaluating the men's mental healthD. measuring the men's problem solving ability7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Competent adults know more about love than work.B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D.Independenceis the key to one's success.CDear Jack,I remember the moment— it truly hit me that your autism (自闭症) lasted forever. I had already mentally planned our trips up north with the boys. I was going to spend endless hours playing baseball with you— likeGrandpa did with me.When we said goodbye to kindergarten I knew it was real. I spent some time being sad. Now you are 8. You still have no words. We have never had one of those father-son moments I pictured when you were a baby. But I'm learning that's OK. I still have unbelievable things to offer as your dad, even if they weren't the things I originally expected.You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it's OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn't go as planned. You have taught me that it is OK to talk about those feelings and fight for what is right. Stand up and say this is wrong, and encourage others to stand up for you and say the same.My job on this earth is to create a world for you and other kids like you. Be the voice you don't have, and build the kind of community which I want to see you grow up in. I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them. Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn't have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice. You did that for me. And hope my example will do that for others.Your mom and I have spent 8 years trying to find your voice. And honestly, we don't know if we ever will. I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you.8. To whom is the text written?A. The author's son.B. The author's wife.C. The author's father.D. The author's friend.9. What can be learned about the author?A. He's at a loss what to do to help Jack.B. He's to blame for Jack s present condition.C. He has changed his attitude to the disabled.D. He hasn't accepted the reality up to now.10. How does the author sound in the text?A. Sympathetic.B. Caring.C. Regretful.D. Indifferent.11. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Sports.D. Relationship.DThey are smart. They know how to steal. They know how to find food. They know how to intimidate(恐吓) . Who are they? They are macaque monkeys. They have taken over the old city ofLopburiinThailand. About 8,400 of them are in the center of the city. They roam(漫游) neighborhoods in groups. Dozens of businesses in Lopburi are closing. They include a music school, a gold shop, a barber, a cellphone store and a movie theatre. The Buddhist culture believes reducing the number of monkeys would disturb spiritual well-being.The monkeys were not always such a hazard. They attracted tourists. Buddhists thought feeding them was a good deed. Now times have changed. Recently, the coronavirus made things worse. There are fewer tourists, which means that travelers give less food to the monkeys. Over the years, the monkeys moved into empty buildings. They trashed whatever they came across. They ripped(扯掉) antennas and windshield wipers off parked cars. What happens when monkeys come into contact with humans? An observer said that years ago the monkeys were fewer, biggerand healthier. Their fur was shiny and thick. They kept to the temples,as well as the ruins of the ancient Khmer civilization.Then tourists came with easy and unhealthy food. Along with bananas and citrus(柑橘), the macaques feasted on junk food. An observer said, “The monkeys are never hungry. They are just like children who eat too much KFC. ” Compared with the monkeys of the forest, their urban counterparts have less muscle. They have more hypertension and blood disease. Their fur has thinned. Some have gone bald. With so much food available,they have more time to breed and to give birth. Their population has exploded. “These monkeys were here before us,” a man said. A juvenile macaque tugged(拽) his trousers demanding a treat. “We have to adapt to them,not the other way around. ”12. Why are macaque monkeys so popular in Lopburi inThailand?A. Because they are smart and know how to steal.B. Because they have taken over the old city ofLopburiinThailand.C. Because they are symbols of spiritual well-being in the Buddhist culture.D. Because 8,400 of them are in the centre of the city and roam everywhere.13. In what way has tourism influenced the macaque monkeys?A. The monkeys are bigger and healthier.B. The monkeys like eating KFC food.C. The monkeys have suffered from more diseases.D. The monkeys are subject to birth control.14. What does the underlined word “counterparts” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Monkeys.B. Tourists.C. Buddhists.D. Children.15. It can be inferred from what the man said that ________.A. monkeys are ancestors, so humans should adapt to monkeysB. humans should regard monkeys with awe and respectC. monkeys should be forced to follow rulesD. humans should give monkeys whatever they want第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

【校级联考】广东省高三“六校联盟”2024届高三第四次联考理综物理

【校级联考】广东省高三“六校联盟”2024届高三第四次联考理综物理

【校级联考】广东省高三“六校联盟”2024届高三第四次联考理综物理一、单选题:本题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分 (共7题)第(1)题《天问》是中国战国时期诗人屈原创作的一首长诗,全诗问天问地问自然,表现了作者对传统的质疑和对真理的探索精神,我国探测飞船天问一号发射成功飞向火星,屈原的“天问”梦想成为现实,也标志着我国深空探测迈向一个新台阶,如图所示,轨道1是圆轨道,轨道2是椭圆轨道,轨道3是近火圆轨道,天问一号经过变轨成功进入近火圆轨道3,已知引力常量G,以下选项中正确的是( )A.天问一号在B点需要点火加速才能从轨道2进入轨道3B.天问一号在轨道2上经过B点时的加速度大于在轨道3上经过B点时的加速度C.天问一号进入近火轨道3后,测出其近火环绕周期T,可计算出火星的平均密度D.天问一号进入近火轨道3后,测出其近火环绕周期T,可计算出火星的质量第(2)题进藏自驾游能够让你体验到西藏的自然美景和丰富的文化底蕴。

在驾车从低海拔向高海拔行驶过程中,密封包装的食品包装袋会发生膨胀现象,如图所示。

若此过程中温度不变,把袋内空气视为理想气体,下列说法正确的是()A.袋内空气一定对外界做功B.袋内空气分子的平均动能一定增大C.袋内空气压强一定增大D.袋内空气一定对外界放热第(3)题如图所示,粗细均匀的玻璃管(上端开口,下端封闭)竖直放置,管内用长为h=15cm的水银柱封闭一段长l=30cm的理想气体,现将玻璃管在竖直平面内缓慢转至水平放置(水银未溢出)。

已知大气压强p0=75cmHg,玻璃管导热性能良好且环境温度保持不变。

下列说法正确的是( )A.玻璃管缓慢转至水平放置的过程中,气体放出热量B.玻璃管缓慢转至水平放置的过程中,外界对气体做功C.玻璃管竖直放置时,封闭气体的压强为60cmHgD.玻璃管水平放置时,封闭气体的长度为36cm第(4)题某汽车后备箱内安装有撑起箱盖的装置,它主要由汽缸和活塞组成.开箱时,密闭于汽缸内的压缩气体膨胀,将箱盖顶起,如图所示.在此过程中,若缸内气体与外界无热交换,忽略气体分子间相互作用,则缸内气体( )A.对外做正功,分子的平均动能减小B.对外做正功,内能增大C.对外做负功,分子的平均动能增大D.对外做负功,内能减小第(5)题如图所示,固定斜面上半部分AB段粗糙且粗粘程度相同,下半部分BC段光滑,滑块从斜面顶端A点由静止释放,沿斜面向下滑动,取沿斜面向下为正方向,下列选项中分别是滑块的速度v、位移x、加速度a、重力的瞬时功率P G与时间t的关系图像,其中正确的是( )A.B.C.D.第(6)题如图所示,一定量的理想气体从状态a沿直线变化到状态b,在此过程中,其压强( )A.逐渐增大B.逐渐减小C.始终不变D.先增大后减小第(7)题人原地起跳方式是先屈腿下蹲,然后突然蹬地向上加速,重心上升后离地向上运动,如果人起跳过程中,重心上升至离地前,其加速度与重心上升高度关系如图所示,那么人离地后重心上升的最大高度可达(g取10m/s2)( )A.B.C.D.二、多选题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分 (共3题)第(1)题如图所示为某种电磁推进方式示意图,两条平行绝缘轨道固定在水平面上,其间连续分布着竖直向下和竖直向上的等大的匀强磁场,磁场宽度相等,一矩形金属线框放置在导轨上方,其长、宽恰好等于导轨的间距和磁场的宽度,线框电阻一定,运动的过程中所受摩擦阻力恒定。

广东省2022届高三物理下学期第四次联考试题

广东省2022届高三物理下学期第四次联考试题

广东省2022届高三物理下学期第四次联考试题本试卷共6页,15小题,满分100分。

考试用时75分钟注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号考场号座位号填写在答题卡上。

并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑,不按要求填涂的,答卷无效。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,只需将答题卡交回。

一.单选题(本题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求。

)1.硅光电池是利用光电效应原理制成的器件,下列表述正确的是( ) A.硅光电池是把电能转化为光能的一种装置B.逸出的光电子的最大初动能与入射光的强度有关C.光照强度越强,饱和光电流越大D.只要有光照射到硅光电池,就一定能够产生光电效应2.为倡导节能减排,新能源电动车已经走进千家万户。

一款电动家用轿车在某次测试中0~30m/s的加速时间为10s,设测试过程中车的加速度随速度的增加而逐渐减小,则轿车在该段时间内( )A.平均加速度大小为l.5m/s2B.加速到15m/s时,用时5sC.运动到总位移一半时,速度等于15m/s D.位移大于150m3.一枚磁钉将一张A4白纸“吸”在竖直静立的磁性白板上。

磁钉与纸始终处于静止状态。

下列说法中正确的是( )A.A4纸受五个力B.A4纸对白板的摩擦力竖直向上C.A4纸张的重力与白板对它的摩擦力是一对平衡力D.磁钉对白板的吸引力与白板对磁钉的吸引力是一对平衡力4.如图所示,两名穿着相同冰刀鞋的滑雪者静止在冰面上,质量小的滑雪者猛推了另一名滑雪者后,质量小的滑雪者( )A.获得的初动量小B.获得的初动能小C.滑行时间长D.滑行距离短5.如图所示,AB两篮球先后从相同高度抛出后直接落入篮筐,落入篮筐时的速度方向相同,下列判断正确的是( )A.AB从抛出到落入篮筐所用时间相同B.AB落入篮筐时速度大小相同C.AB上升过程中,在任意相同高度时的速度方向均相同D.A在最高点的速度比B在最高点的速度大6.天链一号04星是我**射的第4颗地球同步卫星,它与天链一号02星03星实现组网运行,为我国神舟飞船空间实验室天宫二号提供数据中继与测控服务,如图,1是天宫二号绕地球稳定运行的轨道,2是天链一号绕地球稳定运行的轨道,下列说法正确是( ) A.天链一号04星的最小发射速度是11.2 km/sB.天链一号04星的运行速度小于天宫二号的运行速度C.为了便于测控,天链一号04星相对于地面静止于北京飞控中心的正上方D.天链一号04星如果想追上天链一号03星,可以直接通过点火加速实现7.高台跳水比赛中,质量为m的跳水运动员从高台上静止落下,在他入水前重心下降的高度为H,经历的时间为T。

广东省增城中学2023-2024学年高考生物四模试卷含解析

广东省增城中学2023-2024学年高考生物四模试卷含解析

广东省增城中学2023-2024学年高考生物四模试卷考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

一、选择题:(共6小题,每小题6分,共36分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求)1.下图为初级精母细胞减数分裂时的一对同源染色体示意图,图中1~8表示基因。

不考虑突变的情况下,下列叙述正确的是A.1与2、3、4互为等位基因,与6、7、8互为非等位基因B.同一个体的精原细胞有丝分裂前期也应含有基因1~8C.1与3都在减数第一次分裂分离,1与2都在减数第二次分裂分离D.1分别与6、7、8组合都能形成重组型的配子2.动物的昼夜节律与周期基因密切相关,该基因的表达及调控过程如图所示,其编码的蛋白PER在夜间累积而在白天降解。

下列相关叙述不正确的是(......).A.①过程中游离的核糖核苷酸之间通过磷酸二酯键相互连接B.②过程中一个mRNA分子能翻译出多个PER蛋白C.周期基因的表达与调控可能发生在下丘脑的某些细胞中D.TIM与PER的结合物会影响核糖体在mRNA上的移动3.筛选淀粉分解菌需使用以淀粉为唯一碳源的培养基。

接种培养后,若细菌能分解淀粉,培养平板经稀碘液处理,会出现以菌落为中心的透明圈(如图),实验结果见下表。

菌种菌落直径:C(mm)透明圈直径:H(mm)H/C细菌Ⅰ 5.1 11.2 2.2细菌Ⅱ8.1 13.0 1.6有关本实验的叙述,错误..的是A.培养基除淀粉外还含有氮源等其他营养物质B.筛选分解淀粉的细菌时,菌液应稀释后涂布C.以上两种细菌均不能将淀粉酶分泌至细胞外D.H/C值反映了两种细菌分解淀粉能力的差异4.生长素对植物生长的调节作用具有两重性。

广东省高三四校联考试题(理综).doc

广东省高三四校联考试题(理综).doc

广东省高三四校 联考试题 理科 综合本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共 12 页,满分 300 分,考试用时 150 分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号填写在答题卡的密封线内。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求 作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,将答题卷和答题卡一并收回。

5.试题按单项选择题生物 1-6、化学 7-12、物理;双项选择题物理 17-21、化学 22-23、生物 24-25 排序。

其中第一部分选择题部分按题号顺序填涂在答题卡相应位置,第二部分 26-29 题请在生物答题卷作答; 30-33 题请在化学答题卷作答;34-36 题请在物理答题卷作答。

6.本卷可能用到的相到原子质量为:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Cl-35.5第一部分 选择题(共118分)一、选择题(本题包括 16 小题,每小题 4 分,共 64 分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.某同学进行实验并记录结果如下,其中正确的是A.用高倍镜观察黒藻叶片细胞,看到叶绿体均匀分布B.观察洋葱表皮细胞质壁分离,看到紫色区域缩小、颜色变浅C.向装有糖尿的试管加入斐林试剂并水浴加热,出现砖红色沉淀D.高倍镜下用血球计数板计数酵母菌,视野越明亮,观察越清楚2.与生物膜的功能直接相关的一组是①水的光解②神经纤维兴奋③胰岛素调节血糖④受精作用⑤氨基酸脱水缩合 ⑥乳酸菌分解丙酮酸A.①②③④B.②③④⑤C.⑤⑥D.②④⑥3.有人进行实验以研究化合物 P 对淀粉酶活性的影响,结果如图。

2024学年广东省增城市第一中学高三第四次调研诊断考试生物试题理试题含解析

2024学年广东省增城市第一中学高三第四次调研诊断考试生物试题理试题含解析

2024学年广东省增城市第一中学高三第四次调研诊断考试生物试题理试题考生请注意:1.答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内,不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2.第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后,需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内,第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、选择题:(共6小题,每小题6分,共36分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求)1.豌豆豆荚形状可以是饱满的(D)也可以是不饱满的(d),植株茎的高度可以是高茎(T)也可以是矮茎(t),现有基因型为DdTt 的豌豆植株若干,不考虑基因突变和交叉互换,下列有关两对基因在染色体上的位置推断不合理的是()A.选取该豌豆植株进行测交,若子代出现四种表现型,则两对基因分别位于两对同源染色体上B.选取该豌豆植株进行测交,若子代性状分离比接近1∶1,则d、t 基因位于同一条染色体上C.选取该豌豆植株自交,若子代性状分离比接近3∶1,则D、T 基因位于同一条染色体上D.选取该豌豆植株自交,若子代性状分离比接近1∶2∶1,则D、t 基因位于同一条染色体上2.如图显示了长期使用某一种杀虫剂后,马铃薯甲虫数量变化。

下列叙述错误的是()A.杀虫剂使马铃薯甲虫种群的基因频率定向改变B.马铃薯甲虫抗药基因的产生是自然选择的结果C.马铃薯甲虫在第12年后逐步适应环境D.马铃薯甲虫种群个体间存在性状差异3.下列关于胰岛素合成与分泌过程的叙述中,正确的是()A.mRNA进入细胞质的方式与胰岛素分泌的方式相同B.囊泡从高尔基体向细胞膜移动是主动运输过程C.向胰岛B细胞中注入3H标记的亮氨酸,放射性首先出现在高尔基体D.胰岛B细胞的内质网与高尔基体膜成分基本相但成分基本相同4.下列各项中,不可能出现下图结果的是A.正常情况下具有一对性状的杂合子植物自交所产生后代的性状分离比B.酵母菌消耗等摩尔的葡萄糖进行有氧呼吸与无氧呼吸产生的C02的比值C.某动物的一个初级卵母细胞经减数分裂形成的极体与卵细胞的数目之比D.15N的DNA分子在含14N的培养液中复制三次后,含15N的DNA分子与含14N的DNA分子之比5.下列关于遗传、变异和进化的叙述中,正确的是()A.孟德尔发现遗传定律的方法和摩尔根证明“基因在染色体上”的方法不同B.大肠杆菌可通过基因突变和染色体变异为自身的进化提供原材料C.洋葱叶肉细胞中,核DNA的复制、遗传信息的转录和翻译均遵循碱基互补配对原则D.蓝藻的遗传物质主要在拟核中,若将其遗传物质彻底水解会产生6种物质6.收获的粮食要先晾晒,使含水量降到行业标准规定的值以下,再入库储藏,这样可以减少或避免霉烂的发生,延长储藏时间。

广东省广州市增城高级中学2024学年物理高三上期中达标检测试题含解析

广东省广州市增城高级中学2024学年物理高三上期中达标检测试题含解析

广东省广州市增城高级中学2024学年物理高三上期中达标检测试题请考生注意:1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。

一、单项选择题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、一船在静水中的速度是10 m/s,要渡过宽为240 m、水流速度为8 m/s的河流,sin 53°=0.8,cos 53°=0.1.则下列说法中正确的是()A.此船过河的最短时间是30 sB.船垂直到达正对岸的实际航行速度是1 m/sC.船头的指向与上游河岸的夹角为53°船可以垂直到达正对岸D.此船不可能垂直到达正对岸2、下列关于单位制及其应用的说法中,不正确的是()A.基本单位和导出单位一起组成了单位制B.选用的基本单位不同,构成的单位制也不同C.在物理计算中,如果所有已知量都用同一单位制的单位表示,只要正确应用物理公式,其结果就一定是用这个单位制中的单位来表示D.一般来说,物理公式主要确定各物理量间的数量关系,并不一定同时确定单位关系3、央视网2017 年11 月06 日消息,在西昌卫星发射中心用长征三号乙运载火箭,以“一箭双星”方式成功发射第24 颗、第25 颗北斗导航卫星.这两颗卫星属于中圆地球轨道卫星,也是中国第一、二颗北斗三号组网卫星.其轨道可以近似看成圆形,轨道高度要低于地球同步轨道.下列说法正确的是A.这两颗卫星的周期要小于地球同步卫星的周期B.这两颗卫星的运行速度要小于地球同步卫星的运行速度C.如果知道该卫星的轨道半径与周期,可以计算地球的密度D.如果两颗卫星在同一轨道上运动,则其向心力一定大小相等4、a、b两辆汽车在同一条平直公路上行驶的v-t图象如下图所示.下列说法正确的是( )A.t1时刻,车和b车处在同一位置B.t2时刻,、b两车运动方向相反C.在t1到t2这段时间内,b车的加速度先减小后增大D.在t1到t2这段时间内,b车的位移小于车的位移5、某同学通过以下步骤测出了从一定高度落下的排球对地面的冲击力:将一张白纸铺在水平地面上,把排球在水里弄湿,然后让排球从规定的高度自由落下,并在白纸上留下球的水印.再将印有水印的白纸铺在台秤上,将球放在纸上的水印中心,缓慢地压球,使排球与纸接触部分逐渐发生形变直至刚好遮住水印,记下此时台秤的示数即为冲击力的最大值.下列物理学习或研究中用到的方法与该同学的方法相同的是( )A.建立“合力与分力”的概念B.建立“点电荷”的概念C.建立“电场强度”的概念D.建立“欧姆定律”的理论6、我国成功发射了月球探测卫星“嫦娥二号”,发射后的几天时间内,地面控制中心对其实施几次调整,使“嫦娥二号”绕月球做匀速圆周运动的半径逐渐减小。

2024年广东省广州市增城区四校联考物理高三上期中联考模拟试题含解析

2024年广东省广州市增城区四校联考物理高三上期中联考模拟试题含解析

2024年广东省广州市增城区四校联考物理高三上期中联考模拟试题注意事项1.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置.3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符.4.作答选择题,必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.作答非选择题,必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答,在其他位置作答一律无效.5.如需作图,须用2B 铅笔绘、写清楚,线条、符号等须加黑、加粗.一、单项选择题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、如图,支架固定在水平地面上,其倾斜的光滑直杆与地面成30°角,两圆环A 、B 穿在直杆上,并用跨过光滑定滑轮的轻绳连接,滑轮的大小不计,整个装置处于同一竖直平面内.圆环平衡时,绳OA 竖直,绳OB 与直杆间夹角为30°.则环A 、B 的质量之比为 ( )A .13B .1∶2C 3 1D 3∶22、根据量子理论:光子既有能量也有动量;光子的能量E 和动量p 之间的关系是E pc =,期中c 为光速。

由于光子有动量,照到物体表面的光子被物体吸收或被反射时都会对物体产生一定的冲量,也就对物体产生了一定的压强,这就是“光压”。

根据动量定理可近似认为:当动量为p 的光子垂直照到物体表面,若被物体反射,则物体受到的冲量大小为2p ;若被物体吸收,则物体受到的冲量大小为p 。

有人设想在宇宙探测中用光作为动力推动探测器加速,探测器上安装面积极大、反光率为η的薄膜,并让它正对太阳。

已知太阳光照射薄膜对每平方米面积上的辐射功率为0P ,探测器和薄膜的总质量为m ,薄膜面积为S ,则关于探测器的加速度大小正确的是(不考虑万有引力等其它的力)A 01s P η+()B .01P s cm η+() C .02P s cm η-() D .202P s cmη+() 3、如图所示,用一根长杆和两个小定滑轮组合成的装置来提升质量为m 的重物A ,长杆的一端放在地面上,并且通过铰链连接形成转轴,其端点恰好处于左侧滑轮正下方的O 点处,在杆的中点C 处拴一细绳,通过两个滑轮后挂上重物A ,C 点与O 点的距离为l ,滑轮上端B 点距O 点的距离为4l .现在杆的另一端用力,使其沿逆时针方向由竖直位置以角速度ω匀速转至水平位置(转过了 90角).则在此过程中,下列说法正确的是 ( )A .重物A 的速度先增大后减小,最大速度是l ωB .重物A 做匀速直线运动C .绳的拉力对A 所做的功为()173mgl -D .绳的拉力对A 所做的功为()22417317mgl m l ω-+4、2019年6月6日,中国科考船“科学”号对马里亚纳海沟南侧系列海山进行调查,船上搭载的“发现”号遥控无人潜水器完成了本航次第10次下潜作业,发现号下潜深度可达6000m 以上.潜水器完成作业后上浮,上浮过程初期可看作匀加速直线运动.今测得潜水器相继经过两段距离为8m 的路程,第一段用时4s ,第二段用时2s ,则其加速度大小是( )A .22m /s 3B .24m /s 3C .28m /s 9D .216m /s 95、伽利略创造的把实验、假设和逻辑推理相结合的科学方法,有力地促进了人类科学认识的发展.利用如图所示的装置做如下实验:小球从左侧斜面的O 点由静止释放后沿斜面向下运动,并沿右侧斜面上升.斜面上先后铺垫三种粗糙程度逐渐降低的材料时,小球沿右侧斜面上升到的最高位置依次为1、2、3,根据三次实验结果的对比,可以得到的最直接的结论是A.如果斜面光滑,小球将上升到与O点等高的位置B.如果小球不受力,它将一直保持匀速运动或静止状态C.如果小球受到力的作用,它的运动状态将发生改变D.小球受到的力一定时,质量越大,它的加速度越小6、A、B两物体从同一地点出发运动的s-t图象如图所示,已知A做匀速直线运动,0~t时间内,下列说法正确的是B做匀变速直线运动.则在1A.两物体在1t时刻速度大小相等B.1t时刻A的速度大于B的速度C.A的平均速度小于B的平均速度D.两物体间的距离先增大后减小二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。

广东省增城中学高三英语第四次综合测试 新人教版

广东省增城中学高三英语第四次综合测试 新人教版

广东省增城中学2010届高三第四次综合测试英语试卷2009.12 试卷共9页,4大题,满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

I.听力(共两节,满分35分)第一节听力理解(5段共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个问题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或对白读两遍。

听第一段对话,回答第1—3题。

1. What does the woman think about the couple next door?A. They’re helpful.B. They’re boring.C. They’re noisy.2. What do the speakers usually do for a party?A. Prepare different sorts of salads.B. Invite the couple next door.C. Provide the food only.3. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Some different food will be provided.B. More people will attend the party.C. Salads are too difficult to prepare.听第二段对话,回答第4-6小题。

4. Why is the man late?A. He forgot to look at his watch.B. The math teacher kept him in her office.C. The math class lasted longer than it should.5. What do we know about the students?A. They don’t mind the man’s being late.B. They don’t want to hurt the teacher.C. They prefer to learn more maths.6. What is the man most likely to do?A. Talk to the maths teacher.B. Remain silent about the problem.C. Refuse to go to the maths teacher’s classes.听第三段对话,回答第7-9小题。

2024届广东省广州市增城区高级中学高考压轴卷物理试卷含解析

2024届广东省广州市增城区高级中学高考压轴卷物理试卷含解析

2024届广东省广州市增城区高级中学高考压轴卷物理试卷考生请注意:1.答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内,不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2.第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后,需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内,第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单项选择题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、如图所示,质量分别为3m 和m 的两个可视为质点的小球a 、b ,中间用一细线连接,并通过另一细线将小球a 与天花板上的O 点相连,为使小球a 和小球b 均处于静止状态,且Oa 细线向右偏离竖直方向的夹角恒为37︒,需要对小球b 朝某一方向施加一拉力F 。

若已知sin 37︒=0.6,cos 37︒=0.8,重力加速度为g ,则当F 的大小达到最小时,Oa 细线对小球a 的拉力大小为( )A .2.4mgB .3mgC .3.2mgD .4mg2、如图,在研究功与内能改变的关系时,将一小块易燃物放在厚玻璃筒底部,用力向下压活塞,可以将易燃物点燃。

关于该实验,下列说法正确的是( )A .筒内气体,在被压缩的同时从外界迅速吸收热量,导致气体温度升高B .只要最终筒内气体压强足够大,筒内易燃物就会被点燃C .若实验中易燃物被点燃,是活塞与筒壁间摩擦生热导致的D .该实验成功的关键是向下压活塞的力要大,速度要快3、如图所示,a 、b 、c 为三根与纸面垂直的固定长直导线,其截面位于等边三角形的三个顶点上,bc 连线沿水平方向,导线中通有恒定电流,且2a b c I I I ==,电流方向如图中所示。

O 点为三角形的中心(O 点到三个顶点的距离相等),其中通电导线c 在O 点产生的磁场的磁感应强度的大小为B 0,已知通电长直导线在周围空间某点产生磁场的磁感应强度的大小B =kI r,其中I 为通中导线的中流强度,r 为该点到通中导线的垂直距离,k 为常数,则下列说法正确的是( )A .O 点处的磁感应强度的大小为3B 0B .O 点处的磁感应强度的大小为5 B 0C .质子垂直纸面向里通过O 点时所受洛伦兹力的方向由O 点指向cD .电子垂直纸面向里通过O 点时所受洛伦兹力的方向垂直Oc 连线向下4、如图所示是杂技团表演猴子爬杆的节目,质量为8kg m =的猴子以初速度10.5v =m/s 沿竖直杆从杆底部向上匀加速运动的同时,杂技演员顶着直杆以初速度21m/s v =,加速度22s 2m/a =沿水平方向向左做匀加速直线运动,3st =末猴子到达杆的顶部。

2020年广州增城一中高三生物第四次联考试题及参考答案

2020年广州增城一中高三生物第四次联考试题及参考答案

2020年广州增城一中高三生物第四次联考试题及参考答案一、选择题:本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 如图为内分泌腺及其分泌激素间的关系,其中“+”表示促进,“-”表示抑制。

下列相关叙述错误的是()A.每种激素都能对其特定的靶器官、靶细胞起作用B.含有GC受体的有下丘脑、腺垂体、单核巨噬细胞等C.机体内GC含量保持相对稳定是因为存在负反馈调节机制D.若GC可升高血糖,那么胰高血糖素与GC在血糖平衡调节方面是相抗衡的作用2. 如图是某植物细胞中Ca2+跨膜运输系统示意图。

下列叙述错误的是()A.Ca2+跨膜运输体现了生物膜的结构特点和功能特性B.图中钙离子泵可能具有催化和运输的功能C.钙离子通道蛋白基因发生突变可能影响Ca2+吸收D.Ca2+进出细胞的跨膜方式均为主动运输3. 一对血型分别为AB型和B型的夫妇,生一个孩子的血型不可能的是()A.A型B.B型C.AB型D.O型4. 下列关于几种植物激素的说法,错误的是()A.细胞分裂素能够促进细胞分裂,促进叶绿素的合成B.当生长素浓度升高到一定值时,就会抑制乙烯的合成C.乙烯能够促进果实成熟,促进叶、花、果实脱落D.脱落酸促进叶和果实的衰老和脱落,维持种子休眠5. 下列属于组成DNA的基本单位的是A. B.C. D.6. 下列有关神经兴奋的叙述,错误的是()A.兴奋部位细胞膜两侧的电位差表现为膜内为正,膜外为负B.兴奋以电信号的形式在神经纤维上双向传导C.兴奋在反射弧中以神经冲动的形式双向传递D.适宜强度的刺激可以使神经细胞产生兴奋7. 下列各项中,能揭示动植物细胞统一性的是()A.细胞学说B.进化学说C.分离定律D.中心法则8. 某种脑啡肽具有镇痛作用,可以作为药物来使用,它的基本组成单位是氨基酸。

下面是该脑啡肽的结构式,请据图判断下列说法正确的是()A.该脑啡肽含有4个肽键,为四肽B.该脑啡肽由5种氨基酸脱水缩合而成C.该脑啡肽完全水解需要4个水分子参与D.该脑啡肽作为药物使用时可以口服9. 一分子CO2从叶肉细胞的线粒体中扩散出来直接进入相邻细胞的叶绿体基质中共穿过的生物膜层数是()A.5B.6C.7D.410. 如图表示细胞核的结构,下列关于细胞核结构的说法,错误的是()A.②与②的膜成分很相似B.②能够将核内物质与细胞质分开C.②是细胞代谢和遗传的控制中心D.蛋白质合成旺盛的细胞中,②的数量较多11. 脂质不具有的功能是A.储存能量B.构成膜结构C.调节生理功能D.携带遗传信息12. 下列关于脂质的说法,错误的是()A.胆固醇是构成动物细胞膜的重要成分,在人体内参与血液中脂质的运输B.维生素D能有效促进人和动物肠道对钙和磷的吸收C.磷脂是细胞生命活动的主要能源物质D.脂肪可以氧化分解提供能量,是生物体内的储能物质13. 下列关于细胞的结构和功能的叙述,正确的是()A.人胰腺细胞的高尔基体膜与内质网膜直接相连B.黑藻和蓝藻的细胞都不含叶绿体,但都含有能进行光合作用的色素C.叶绿体和线粒体都是双层膜,两者都含有磷脂、DNA和多种酶,叶绿体中还含有色素,是光合作用的场所D.细胞间进行信息交流的方式很多,其中细胞膜上的受体是进行细胞间信息交流必须的结构14. 人体皮肤瘙痒的感觉与一种神经递质——5-羟色胺有关。

2020年广州增城区荔城中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案

2020年广州增城区荔城中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案

2020年广州增城区荔城中学高三英语第四次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGet up to 19% off the cover pricePlus, get digital access with your paid print subscription●Up-to-date news that touches your lifeFrom money-saving tips and quick reports on the latest healthcare, to inspiring articles on world events, you'll discover hundreds of ideas for living a richer, more satisfying life.●Read it anytime, anywhereGet a l-year-print subscription ofReader's Digestmagazine today and you'll also get free digital instantly. With digital access, you can read the latest issue ofReader's Digestanytime, anywhere! Plus, you can quickly access your past issues online, too.●Continuous renewal serviceYour subscription will automatically renew at the end of each term until you cancel. You authorize us to charge you credit/debit cardat the discounted rate on the renewal service unless you cancel. You may cancel at anytime by visiting Customer Care and receive a refund on all unmailed issues.●Other informationThe cover price ofReader's Digestis $3.99 per issue and it is currently published 10 times annually. Please check the confirmation page and your mailbox to download detailed instructions.1. What is the annual fee for subscription?A. $32. 3.B. $39. 9.C. $40.D. $47. 9.2. Which of the following words best describes the content inReader's Digest?A. Touching and amusing.B. Inspiring and practical.C. Amazing and entertaining.D. Educational and theoretical.3. If you subscribe toReader’s Digest, you can ________.A. have as many issues as possible every yearB. renew your subscription at the original rateC. get back your money for the issues not mailedD. obtain all the past issues online anytime, anywhereBAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.4. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.5. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.6. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.7. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space TravelCThe air is thin and we have to rest several times on the shore hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we stay here.Tibetan antelopes live mainly on the plains of Tibet. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a safe place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We're not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.”In the 1980s and 1990s the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.In order to save Tibetan antelopes, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope wasremovedfrom the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection program since the threat to the Tibetan antelope has not yet disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.8. What can we learn from Zhaxi's words in paragraph 3?A. Protecting the animals can make money.B. Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves.C. He is not fond of protecting the animals.D. The reserve is only safe for wild animals.9. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?A. Why hunters hunt Tibetan antelopes.B. Why antelopes' living places changed.C. Why antelopes' number dropped greatly.D. Why the 1980s and the 1990s are unusual.10. What does the underlined word “removed” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Deleted.B. Changed.C. Migrated.D. Recognized.11. What might be the future condition of Tibetan antelopes according to the last paragraph?A. They will be over-populated.B. They will be a threat to man and other wildlife.C. They will be on the endangered species list again.D. They will be in harmony with nature and humans.DA trip to thelibrary was like a great journey to a different country. To get there, we had to walk a mile. But our weekly journeys to the library were a piece of perfection. I had around me at one time all the people I loved best-my father and mother and brothers and sister--and all the things I loved best- quiet, space and books.I read a lot of books about science: not the spaceships my brothers preferred, but the birds and the bees--literally. I brought home a book of birds and searched the trees for anything other than robins (知更鸟). I went through a phrase of loving books with practical science experiments and used up a whole bottle of white vinegar by pouring it on the sides of our apartment building to prove that it was constructed of limestone (石灰石).One Saturday, as I wandered through the young adult section, I saw a title: Little Women, by Lousia May Alcott. I had learned from experience that titles weren’t everything. A book that sounded great on the shelf could be dull once you got it home. So I sat in a chair near the shelves to skim the first paragraphs.I read and read and read Little Women until it was time to walk home, and, except for a few essential interruptions like sleeping and eating, I did not put it down until the end. Even the freedom to watch weekend television held no appeal for me in the wake of Alcott' s story. It was about girls, for one thing, girls who could almost be like me, especially Jo. I had found someone who thought and felt the way I did.12. What can we say about the author’s family?A. They enjoyed traveling abroad.B. They were library frequenters.C. They were very fond of walking.D. They led a perfectly quiet life.13. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 2?A. Her different hobbies from her brothers.B. How she conducted science experiments.C. Why she loved books about the birds and the bees.D. Her reading interests during a particular period of time.14. What opinion does the author hold on books?A. Book titles can sometimes be misleading.B. Science books are as interesting as novels.C. The first few paragraphs of a book are attractive.D. Books seem duller when read in libraries than at home.15. How would the author describe Little Women?A. It helped her to discover her true character.B. It made her forget about food and sleep.C. It inspired confidence in her.D. It kept her absorbed.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

广东省增城中学高三理综下学期第三次阶段测试【会员独享】

广东省增城中学高三理综下学期第三次阶段测试【会员独享】

增城中学2011届高三级第三次综合测试理科综合试卷本试卷共10 页, 36小题,满分300分,考试用时150分钟。

2010.12.1注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名,考号填写在答题卷和答题卡上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔将答题卡上,对应题目的答案标号涂写,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,答在试题卷上无效。

3.非选择题用黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卷上每题对应的答题区域内,答在试题卷上或不在指定区域无效。

4.考试结束,请将答题卡和答题卷上交。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题)一、选择题(本题共16小题,每小题4分,共64分,每题只有一个正确的选项)1.下列对生物细胞代谢活动的描述,不正确的是()A.大肠杆菌在拟核区转录信使RNAB.乳酸杆菌在细胞质基质中产乳酸C.衣藻进行光合作用的场所是叶绿体D.酵母菌的高尔基体负责合成蛋白质2.下列关于生物实验说法正确的是()A.虽然西瓜汁中含有丰富的葡萄糖和果糖,但不可以用做鉴定还原性糖B.观察叶绿体运动时,在高倍显微镜下看到叶绿体在绕液泡左侧做逆时针运动,则实际上叶绿体在液泡右侧做顺时针运动C.因为猪血中含有大量的红细胞,故可以用猪血来提取DNAD.使用高倍显微镜观察细胞时,如果视野较暗可以调节反光镜或通光孔使视野变亮3.下列是动物细胞减数分裂各期的示意图,正确表示分裂过程顺序的是()A.③一⑥一④一①一②一⑤ B.⑥一③一②一④一①一⑤C.③一⑥一④一②一①一⑤ D.③一⑥一②一④一①一⑤4.以下关于蛋白质及其对应功能的描述,正确的是()A.动物激素都是蛋白质,对生命活动具有重要调节作用B.神经递质受体位于突触前膜,能与递质发生特异性结合,从而改变突触后膜对离子的通透性C.抗体由浆细胞分泌,与相应抗原发生特异性结合,该过程属于体液免疫.D.生长激素由下丘脑分泌,主要促进蛋白质的合成和骨的生长5.手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病。

以下关于肠道病毒的叙述正确的是()A.肠道病毒的核酸由5种碱基和8种核苷酸组成B .肠道病毒的遗传符合基因分离定律,不符合自由组合定律C .可用含碳源、氮源、水、无机盐的培养基培养肠道病毒D .肠道病毒的外壳是利用宿主的氨基酸合成的,遗传物质的复制是利用宿主的核苷酸和酶6.某遗传病患者与一正常女子结婚,医生告诫他们只能生男孩。

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2010—2011学年度下学期增城中学、秀全中学高三年级联合考试理科综合试题第一部分 选择题(共64分)一、选择题:本题共16小题,每小题4分,共64分。

每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项最符合题目要求。

1、下图表示构成细胞的元素、化合物及其作用,a 、b 、c 、d 代表不同的小分子物质,A 、B 、C 代表不同的大分子,下列叙述不正确的是A .在动物细胞内,与物质A 作用最相近的物质是糖原B .a 、b 、c 、d 分别为葡萄糖、氨基酸、脱氧核苷酸和促性腺激素C .若B 代表的物质能降低血糖浓度,则与其合成、分泌密切相关的细胞器有核糖体和高尔基体D .b →B 的生理过程完成的场所在核糖体,且有水的产生2、分析以下生态系统的能量流动和物质循环的关系简图,不能得到的结论是A .能量①②③④的总和一定小于生产者所固定的太阳能总量B .生物圈的物质是自给自足的,能量是需要不断补充的C .D 中包含的生物可能处于食物链的最高营养级D .碳在生物群落和无机环境之间的循环主要是以CO 2的形式进行的3、下图为人体细胞的生长、分裂、分化、衰老和死亡过程的示意图,图中①~⑥为各个时期的细胞,a ~c 表示细胞所进行的生理过程。

据图分析,下列叙述正确的是A .与①相比,②的表面积与体积的比值增大,与外界环境进行物质交换的能力增强B .⑤与⑥的基因型相同,蛋白质的种类也相同A B CDC.若⑤是T淋巴细胞,则C过程发生在骨髓中D.若⑤⑥已失去分裂能力,则其细胞内遗传信息的流动方向为DNA→RNA→蛋白质4、下列有关基因的叙述,正确的有①基因是具有遗传效应的DNA片段,全部位于染色体上②自然选择使基因发生定向变异③某基因的频率即该基因在种群个体总数中所占的比例④每一个基因都包含特定的碱基序列,具有特异性⑤人体内的肝脏细胞和成熟红细胞所含的基因相同A.①②④ B.②③⑤ C.只有④ D.只有③5、下图中的曲线显示了两种使人体获得免疫力的方法。

据此判断下列说法正确的是A.当一个人被狗咬伤时,可能会感染狂犬病病毒,此时采用方法②进行免疫比较好B.采用方法①可以使人获得比方法②更持久的免疫力C.采用方法②使人体获得抗体的过程叫细胞免疫D.医学上一般采用方法②进行免疫预防6、下面是几个放射性同位素示踪实验,对其结果的叙述不正确的是A.给小麦提供14CO2,则14C在小麦光合作用中的转移途径大致是:14CO2→14C3→(14CH2O)B.用含有3H标记的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸的营养液培养洋葱的根尖,可以在细胞核和线粒体处检测到较强的放射性,而在核糖体处则检测不到C.用含15N标记的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸的营养液培养根尖分生区细胞,一段时间后分离获得具有放射性的细胞器,可在这类细胞器内进行的生理过程有:[H]+O2 H2O酶D.小白鼠吸入18O2后呼出的二氧化碳一定不含有18O,但尿液中的水则大多是H218O7、下列有关物质的性质或应用的说法不.正确的是A.二氧化硅是生产光纤制品的基本原料B.石灰石可用于制玻璃、燃煤和炼钢“固硫”、海水炼镁C.汽车尾气中的氮氧化物与光化学烟雾形成有关D.石油分馏可获得化工基础原料乙烯、丙烯和丁二烯等8、某合作学习小组讨论辨析:①漂白粉和酸雨都是混合物②煤和石油都是可再生能源③不锈钢和目前流通的硬币都是合金④硫酸、纯碱、醋酸钠和生石灰分别属于酸、碱、盐和氧化物⑤蛋白质溶液、淀粉溶液和雾都是胶体。

上述说法正确的是A.①③⑤ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.③④⑤9、设N A为阿伏加德罗常数,以下叙述正确的是A.标准状况下,22.4L苯中所含分子数为1N AB.常温常压下,11.2L甲烷中含有的氢原子数为2N AC.标准状况下,22.4L氯气与足量氢氧化钠溶液反应转移的电子数为N AD.1molNH4+所含有的质子数目为10N A10、下列溶液中有关物质的量浓度关系正确的是A .物质的量浓度相等的CH 3COONa 、NaOH 和Na 2CO 3三种溶液:pH(NaOH)>pH(CH 3COONa)>pH(Na 2CO 3)B .pH=2的HA 溶液与pH=12的MOH 溶液任意比混合: c(H +) + c(M +) == c(OH -) + c(A -)C .10℃时pH=12的NaOH 溶液与40℃时pH=12的NaOH 溶液中:c(OH -)相等D .Na 2CO 3溶液中:c(Na +) = c(CO 32—) + c(HCO 3—) + c(H 2CO 3)11、右图中a 、b 、c 、d 、e 、f 为元素周期表中前4周期的相邻的一部分元素,下列有关叙述正确的是:A .b 、c 、d 三种元素的原子半径大小关系:d> c>B .六种元素中,d 元素的性质最稳定C .c 和f 的气态氢化物,前者比后者稳定D .e 元素的最高价氧化物的水化物是二元酸12、一定条件下,在容积为10L 的密闭容器中,将l mol X 和1 mol Y 进行如下反应:2X(g)+Y(g) Z(g),经60 s 达到平衡生成0.3 mol 的Z ,下列说法正确的是A .60 s 时Z 的平衡浓度为0.03 mol/LB .将容器容积变为20 L ,Z 的新平衡浓度将等于原平衡浓度的一半C .若温度和体积不变,往容器内增加1 mol N 2,压强增大,Y 的转化率将增大D .若升高温度,X 的体积分数增大,则正反应的△H >013、下列说法正确的是A .米、千克、牛顿等都是国际单位制中的基本单位B .牛顿通过库仑扭秤实验较为精确地测出了万有引力恒量C .伽利略认为力不是维持物体运动的原因D .法拉第通过实验研究,发现了电流周围存在磁场14、 关于加速度不变的运动,以下说法正确的是:A .一定是直线运动B .一定是曲线运动C .可能是圆周运动D .可能是曲线运动15、一物块从固定的斜面体顶端沿斜面匀速滑至底端的过程中,下列说法中正确的是:A. 此过程中物块的机械能不变B. 物块克服摩擦力做的功小于重力所做的功C. 若物块以更大速度匀速下滑,则物块受到的摩擦力不变D. 若物块以更大速度匀速下滑,则物块受到的摩擦力将变大16、在四川汶川的抗震救灾中,我国自主研制的“北斗一号”卫星导航系统,在抗震救灾中发挥了巨大作用。

北斗导航系统又被称为“双星定位系统”,具有导航、定位等功能。

“北斗”系统中两颗工作星均绕地心O 做匀速圆周运动,轨道半径为r ,某时刻两颗工作卫星分别位于轨道上的A 、B 两位置(如图所示).若卫星均顺时针运行,地球表面处的重力加速度为g ,地球半径为R ,不计卫星间的相互作用力.则以下判断中错误..的是A .这两颗卫星的加速度大小相等,均为22gR rB .卫星1向后喷气就一定能追上卫星2C .卫星1由位置A 运动到位置BD .卫星1由位置A 运动到位置B 的过程中万有引力做功为零3二、双项选择题(本题共9小题。

每题6分,共54分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,有两个选项是正确的。

全部选对的得6分,只选对一个得3分,多选或选错的得0分)17、某物体置于光滑水平面上,在水平方向的两个平衡力作用下处于静止状态.若仅使其中一个力的大小按如图所示的规律变化,则在0~0t 时间内,该物体运动的A .速度先增大后减小B .速度一直增大C .加速度先增大后减小D .加速度一直增大18、如图为一匀强电场,某带电粒子从 A 点运动到 B 点.在这一运动过程中克服重力做的 功为 2.0J ,电场力做的功为 1.5J .则下列说法正确的是A .粒子带负电B .粒子在 B 点的电势能比在 A 点多 1.5 JC .粒子在 B 点的动能比在 A 点少 0.5 JD .粒子在 B 点的机械能比在 A 点多 1.5 J19、如图所示,质量相同的两带电小球A与B,带电量分别为-q 、 +2q ,在光滑、绝缘水平桌面上由静止开始沿同一直线相向运动.则在两球相互靠拢的过程中A .任一时刻B 的加速度均比A 的大 B .两球均做加速度减小的加速运动C .两球组成的系统,电势能减小D .两球动量均增大,但总动量保持不变 20、如图所示,金属杆ab 静放在水平固定的“U ”形金属框上,整个装置处于竖直向上的磁场中.当磁感应强度均匀增大时,杆ab 总保持静止,则A .杆中感应电流方向是从b 到aB .杆中感应电流大小保持不变C .金属杆所受安培力逐渐增大D .金属杆受三个力作用而保持平衡 21、某兴趣小组设计了一个火灾报警装置,其电路如图所示,R 1、R 3为定值电阻,热敏电阻R 2的阻值随温度t 变化的关系是100 4.0()R t +Ω=,通过电压表示数和灯泡亮度变化可监控R 2所在处的火情.若R 2所在处出现火情,则A.电压表示数变大B. 电压表示数变小C.灯泡变亮D. 灯泡变暗22、下列离子反应,表达正确的是A .向F e (O H )3悬浊液中通入HI : F e (O H )3 + 3H += Fe 3+ + 3H 2OB .用醋酸除热水瓶中的水垢: CaCO 3 + 2CH 3COOH=Ca 2+ + 2CH 3COO - + CO 2↑+ H 2OC .向硫酸氢钾溶液中加入Ba(OH)2溶液至pH=7: 2H + + SO 42-+ Ba 2+ + 2OH -= BaSO 4↓ + 2H 2OD .MgSO 4溶液跟B a (O H )2溶液反应: SO 42― + Ba 2+=BaSO 4↓23、下图装置可用于收集气体X 并验证其某些化学性质,你认为正确的是A.图中①②过程发生的场所分别是细胞核、细胞质中的核糖体B.导致③过程变化的根本原因一般发生于细胞分裂期C.人体衰老引起白发的主要原因是上图中的酪氨酸酶的活性下降D.据图分析可知,基因对性状的控制是通过控制酶的合成进而影响人体内的代谢活动来进行的25. 下列有关细胞和细胞工程的说法错误的是A.细胞衰老时细胞体积增大,酶的活性降低,基因表达受阻,新陈代谢减慢。

B.细胞分化时,在形态、结构和生理功能产生稳定性差异前,细胞内部就已发生了基因的选择性表达。

C.动物细胞融合可以克服远源杂交不亲和障碍,扩大了用于杂交的亲本组合范围D.植物组织培养技术,可用于生产香料、色素、杀虫剂等,也可用于培育转基因植物。

第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共11小题,182分)三、非选择题:本大题共11小题,共182分。

按题目要求作答。

解答题应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤,只写出最后答案的不能得分。

有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。

26.(14分,每空2分)如图表示内环境稳态的调节机制。

请根据图分析回答:(1)若⑦表示促甲状腺激素,对⑦的分泌具有调节作用的激素是_____________________。

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