高中英语-虚拟语气精讲(超全整理篇)精品PPT课件
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高中英语语法课件_虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
解题思路
本题前半句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件 从句，后半句是表示与过去事实相反的主句。 相当于：If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.本题的 答案是B. would have got through。 选项A. must have got through（肯定通过） 表示一种对过去事情的主观推测，不是与过去 事情相反的情况。另外，must不能用在虚拟条 件句中。 选项C. 和D. would / could get through （就会通过）是虚拟语气现在时的一种表示方 法，表示与现在事实相反。
为什么要学习虚拟语气？
虚拟语气是四级考试中重点考察的语法 点。历年四级考试中，仅仅单项填空部
分就一共出现了48道虚拟语气的题 目！！！
II. 虚拟语气的最基本形式
非真实性条件句是虚拟语气最基本的表 现形式。
i. 由“if” 来引导的非真实条件句
组成方式： 非真实的条件从句 + 假设结果（主句）
最基本形式的表达方式
语法要点
虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood
I.什么是语气？
语气是动词的一种形式，用以表示说话 人对某种言行或某种事情的看法或态度。 英语有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气 和虚拟语气。 陈述语气一般用来讲述事实或提出疑问。 常常用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句。 e.g. I took a shower after supper. What are you going to do? What a beautiful flower!
A case in Point
P. 37 (l. 28) in College English II. Unit 3 Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. = If it were left to me to decide…
高中英语-虚拟语气精讲(超全整理篇)ppt课件
The teacher asked (that) our homework __(_sh__o_u_ld_)__b_e_f_in_i_s_h最_e新_d版整_理i_pnp_t t_i_m_e_________ . 29
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
It is ord(e一r)e.d主/语c从o句mmanded /
should/would/could/mig ht + do
最新版整理ppt
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1) If he has time,he will go shopping tonight.
与事实相反！
2) If I had time,I would visit you.
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与过去事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
最新版整理ppt
♥பைடு நூலகம்27
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire
+ (that) sb (should) do ... 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
3. were to do 最新版整理ppt
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If虚拟句的省略和倒装
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如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省略 if倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
如If果I w我er是e 你yo，u, 我I w会ou再ld试try一it次ag。ain.
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
It is ord(e一r)e.d主/语c从o句mmanded /
should/would/could/mig ht + do
最新版整理ppt
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1) If he has time,he will go shopping tonight.
与事实相反！
2) If I had time,I would visit you.
最新版整理ppt
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与过去事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
最新版整理ppt
♥பைடு நூலகம்27
1“坚持” insist
2“命令” order, command
3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend
4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire
+ (that) sb (should) do ... 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
3. were to do 最新版整理ppt
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If虚拟句的省略和倒装
最新版整理ppt
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如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省略 if倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
如If果I w我er是e 你yo，u, 我I w会ou再ld试try一it次ag。ain.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49张PPT)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中： 1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去
时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为：
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望，从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中： 1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去
时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
高中虚拟语气知识点全解课件(共20张PPT)
如：
• I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.
我希望我是只小鸟，能在填空自由飞翔 I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday. 我希望昨天见到那个明星了 How I wish it weren’t raining now.
没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作
4.含蓄条件句
• 有时为了表达需要，在虚拟语气中并不总 是出现if引导的条件句，而是通过其他手段 来代替条件句。如：
I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.(副词）
If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.
如果你刚刚听了我的建议的话，你现在就好 多了
2.If省略句
• 在条件句中可省略if，把were, had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式。如：
If I were at school again, I would study harder. → Were I at school again, I would study harder
主句
主语+should/would/ Might/could＋动词 原形
与过去相反ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 假设
If+主语+had +过去分 词
主语+should/would/ Might/could＋have
done
与将来相反的 假设
高中英语语法课件-虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
实战练习 5
2001年1月大学英语四级题目： Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. must make B. should have made C. would make D. could have made
解题思路
这是一道错综时间虚拟条件句。 在本句中，从句是对过去发生的事情进 行假设，主句是对现在情况的假设。 译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯 子下面把你接住，恐怕你现在就不会笑 了。选A
实战练习 2
If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you ___ well now. A. are B. had been C. would be D. were 正确答案: C
祈使语气主要用于祈使句。 e.g. Get out of here! 虚拟语气
II. 什么是虚拟语气？
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人 所说的话不是事实，而是想象、假设、建议、 打算、意见、愿望、怀疑、推测、喜悦等等。 e.g. If we had met her last night, we would have told her what had happened. 如果我们昨晚见到她，我们就会告诉她发生了 什么事。 （实际上，我们并没有见到她，也没有告诉她 所发生的事。）
注意！！！
如果条件从句是否定式，倒装时只能把 not 放在主语之后，不能用缩写式把not 放在主语之前。 e.g. Had you not told me about the matter, I should never have known the whole thing. (不能说：Hadn’t you told me…)
虚拟语气-(共51张)PPT课件
A. Were B. should C. would D. will
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If you had followed my advice, you would be
able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份 工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）
时 间 If 条件句
主句
过去
现在
将来
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一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气
时 间 If 条件句
主句
过去
had done
would should could might
+have done sth
现在
would
助动词 be用 were should 实义动词 do 用 did could
might
+ do sth
Without your help, we D____ such rapid progress.
A. couldn’t make B. wouldn’t make
C. will not have made D. wouldn’t have made
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名词性从句中的虚拟句
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宾语从句中的虚拟语气
句式一：wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示
与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓
语动词退后一个时态。例如:
1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were)
I wish I were as healthy as you.
A.could take B.would take
C.will have taken D.would- have taken
高中英语语法专题复习课件--虚拟语气(共36张PPT)-经典通用课件资料
help. (浙江2014)
A. would have come B. could come
C. have come
D. had come
A
Байду номын сангаас2021/10/10
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9. If I _____ it with my own eyes, I
wouldn’t
have
D believed
it.
(北京2015)
1. 在if条件句中的用法
Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
D
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2. 特殊用法
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★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中谓语用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时， 从句中谓语用“had+过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中谓语用“would / could / might+动词原形”。如：
How I wish I was there with you. I wish I hadn’t lost the chance. I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre.
worlAd. (福建2014)
A. Were there B. Had there been
C. If there are D. If there have been
高中英语虚拟语气(共24张PPT)
进行虚拟时,主句和if从句的谓语动词形式 如下: 1.与现在事实相反时,其表现形式为: if+主语+v-ed,主语+would(或might, could,
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如：otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况， 而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下， 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如：otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况， 而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下， 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”
虚拟语气ppt课件完整版
02 03
例子
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.（= If you had come earlier, you would have met him.）（如果你早点来，你就能 见到他了。）
例子
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.（= If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.）（如果明天下雨，我们就 呆在家里。）
虚拟语气用于强调句时，通常是通过 “It was ... that”结构对句子中的特 定成分进行强调。
在这种结构中，虚拟语气的使用与普 通虚拟语气略有不同，需要根据具体 情况进行判断。
虚拟语气与其他语法结构搭配使用
虚拟语气可以与定语从句、状语从句等语法结构搭配使用，表达更为复杂的语义关 系。
在这些结构中，虚拟语气的使用需要根据具体的语境和表达的语义关系进行判断。
真实条件句
表达现实中可能实现的情况， 使用陈述语气。
例子
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.（如果你努力 学习，你会通过考试。）
非真实条件句
表达与事实相反或不太可能实 现的情况，使用虚拟语气。
例子
If I were you, I would not do that.（如果我是你，我不会那
状语从句中虚拟语气使用
在if条件状语从句中
如果条件状语从句所表示的内容与实际情况相反或实现的可能性很小，则从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。
在其他状语从句中
除了if条件状语从句外，还有一些其他状语从句也可以用虚拟语气，如：in order that（为了）、so that（以便 ）等引导的目的状语从句中。这些从句中的谓语动词形式通常为“may/might/could/should + 动词原形”。
高考英语虚拟语气(23张ppt)
operation at once.
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考题点击：
1.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I B so.
A. didn’t do
B. hadn’t done
C.haven’t done D. couldn’t do
2.How I wish every family __B__a large house
4.The teacher demanded that the work __D___ before
4 o’clock.
A. finished
B. finish
C.20s21h/10o/1u0 ld finish D. be finished
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三、主语从句中的虚拟语气 基本句型： 1. It be+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…
1). If only he could come! (他要能来就好了)
= How I wish he could come!
2). If only I had known the answer! (我要早知答案 就好了.)=How I wish I had known the answer! 比较if only与only if （只有）
高三语法复习
虚拟语气
Subjunctive Mood
2021/10/10
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一、虚拟语气定义
1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气， 祈使语气和虚拟语气。
2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的2
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气PPT教学课件
1.1.6.含蓄条件句
英语中有些句子从形式上看不包 含条件从句，但在意义上却是非 真实条件句，这类句子称为含蓄 条件句，这样的句子可分为三类
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
1.省略整个条件句 --Such mistakes could have been avoided. (省略了if we had been more careful). 这样的错误本来是能够避免的。 --I should have caught the train. (省略了 if I had left a little earlier) 我本应该赶上火车的。
这类非真实条件句表示过去未 发生的事情，和过去事实相反。 比如：
- - If I had left a little earlier ,I would have caught the train. 如 果我早一点离开的话，我就会赶上 火车了。
--The man’s life might have been saved if he had been sent to a better hospital.
如果她听从医生建议的话，现在也就 不会住院了。
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
--Tom would be studying at the university now if he had passed the entrance examination.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
这类非真实条件句表示对未来事情的虚拟推测。 --If I were to/should do it ,I would do it in a
英语中有些句子从形式上看不包 含条件从句，但在意义上却是非 真实条件句，这类句子称为含蓄 条件句，这样的句子可分为三类
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
1.省略整个条件句 --Such mistakes could have been avoided. (省略了if we had been more careful). 这样的错误本来是能够避免的。 --I should have caught the train. (省略了 if I had left a little earlier) 我本应该赶上火车的。
这类非真实条件句表示过去未 发生的事情，和过去事实相反。 比如：
- - If I had left a little earlier ,I would have caught the train. 如 果我早一点离开的话，我就会赶上 火车了。
--The man’s life might have been saved if he had been sent to a better hospital.
如果她听从医生建议的话，现在也就 不会住院了。
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
--Tom would be studying at the university now if he had passed the entrance examination.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49 张PPT)
这类非真实条件句表示对未来事情的虚拟推测。 --If I were to/should do it ,I would do it in a
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Eg. Without /But for your help, we would not have made such rapid progress.
1.I was ill that day. 0therwise, I _w_o_u__ld__h_a_v_e__ta_k_e_n__ (take ) part in the sports meet.
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+done.
1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do
would/could/should/ might + V.(原)
与现在事实相反：
虚拟条件句
主句
did be---were
should/would/could/mig ht + do
5._W ___e_r_e(be) I in good health, I w_o__u_ld_/_s_h_o_u__ld__go(go) with you tomorrow.
含蓄条件句
有时 假设的情况并不以条件从句表示 出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，如， otherwise, without, but for等，或者从上 下文中表示出来，这种情况叫含蓄条件 句，主句要用虚拟语气。
This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disaster. (条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime 中) He studied hard at high school, or he couldn’t have entered Beijing University. (暗含条件是连词or)
要是失败了，我会再试一次。
明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考 试了。
If it were Sunday tomorrow, we wouldn’t have an exam.
主从句的谓语形式
时间 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在 could/should/ might +V.(原)
A. 虚拟语气在条 件状语从句中的 应用
条件句中虚拟语气的考点 1、基本用法； 2、 混合条件句； 3、虚拟条件句的省略和倒装 4、含蓄条件句;
主从句的谓语形式
时间 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在 过去 将来
did / were
would/could/should/ might +V.(原)
如If果I w我er是e 你yo，u, 我I w会ou再ld试try一it次ag。ain. Were I you, …
如If 果he他ha昨d b天ee在n 那the儿re的ye话ste，rd他ay就, h会e w看o那uld 部ha电ve影se了en。the film.
Had he been there yesterday, …
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+done.
1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do
would/could/should/ might + V.(原)
If虚拟句的省略和倒装
如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省略 if倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他
如If 果it s明ho天ul下d s雪no，w我tom们o就rro不w出, w去e 了wo。uldn’t go out.
Should it snow tomorrow, …
4.If it ___r_a_i_n_e_d_/__s_h_o_u_l_d__rain/ w_e_r_e__t_o__r_ain(rain) tomorrow, we w_o__u_ld__n_o_t__g_o__o_u_t_(not go out).
more careful,
the mall would
not be on fire now.
If you had taken your father’ advice,
You wouldn’t have trapped in the traffic jam now.
与将来事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
did/ were should do were to do
The Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
英语动词有 三 种语气
陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气
用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而 是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
虚拟语气的应用
A. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的 应用
B. 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用 C. 虚拟语气在某些句型中的应用
1) If he has time,he will go shopping tonight.
与事实相反！
2) If I had time,I would visit you.
与过去事实相反
虚拟条件句
主句
had done
should/would/might/co uld +have +done
If the staff had been
2.I _m_i_g_h_t_h_a_v_e_g_i_v_e_n_ (give) you more help, but I was too busy.
3.A man who stopped drinking _w_o_u_l_d_b_e__ (be) dead in seven days. 4.But for water, it _w_o_u_l_d_b_e_ (be) impossible to live in the desert.
should/would/could/ might +do
表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动 词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而 主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/ could might + 动词原形。
If it should fail, I would try again.