《暑假作业》第10天 被动语态-每日一题之2019快乐暑假高一英语人教版

第10天
被动语态
重要程度：★★★★☆难易程度：★★★★☆
1.（2018·北京）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.
A. are trapping
B. have been trapped
C. were trapping
D. had been trapped
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】考查语态和时态。

句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。

“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。

由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。

综上，D选项正确。

2.（2018·天津）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired
B. is repaired
C. is being repaired
D. has been repaired
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】考查时态。

句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。

根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。

故选C。

【拓展延伸】
主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。

1. 基本结构：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词
2. 主动语态与被动语态之间的转换
We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态
That factory was visited by us last summer. 被动语态
3. 感官动词（hear，see，watch等）或使役动词（make，let等）在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不带to，
但在变为被动语态时必须使用to。

make somebody do something → somebody + be + made to do something
see somebody do something → somebody + be + seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.
一个女孩经过的时候看见我的钱包掉了。

→ My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
【巧记口诀】
主动语态变被动语态口诀
宾语提前主语变，
原主变宾by后见，
时态人称be关键。

【易错提醒】
把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。

1. When you go abroad, you’ll find that so many prod ucts in local shops____________ in China.
A. make
B. have made
C. are made
D. are making
2. Though she often makes her little brother____________, she was made____________ by him this morning.
A. cry; to cry
B. to cry; cry
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; to cry
3. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.
A. invents
B. invented
C. is invented
D. was invented
4. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ____________well.
A. sells
B. sell
C. is sold
D. are sold
5. —Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
—Sorry. The book you ask for______ out.
A. is selling
B. is sold
C. was selling
D. will be sold
1. C 【解析】句意：当你去国外时，你会在当地商店里看到那么多中国制造的商品。

主语products是谓语
动词make的承受者，句子用被动语态，故选C。

2. A 【解析】句意：虽然她经常使他的弟弟哭，但是今天早上她被他弄哭了。

使某人做某事：make sb. do sth.
（后跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语），在变为被动语态时，要用带to的不定式，即：be made to do sth。

故选A。

3. D 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。

句意：自从手机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。

根据句
意判断用一般过去时，手机与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

4. A 【解析】本题考查动词的语态。

某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write,
wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等，且主语是非生命的名词或代词，用主动结构表被动含义。

本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数；sell well畅销。

句意：这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。

故选A。

5. B 【解析】考查动词的语态。

主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一
般现在时的被动语态。

答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。

故选B。

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