VLSI试题2008
计算机体系结构试题及答案
计算机体系结构试题及答案12008年01月23日22:211、计算机高性能发展受益于：(1)电路技术的发展；(2)计算机体系结构技术的发展。
2、层次结构：计算机系统可以按语言的功能划分为多级层次结构，每一层以不同的语言为特征。
第六级：应用语言虚拟机-> 第五级：高级语言虚拟机-> 第四级：汇编语言虚拟机-> 第三级：操作系统虚拟机-> 第二级：机器语言(传统机器级) ->第一级：微程序机器级。
3、计算机体系结构：程序员所看到的计算机的属性，即概括性结构与功能特性。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use4、透明性：在计算机技术中，对本来存在的事物或属性，从某一角度来看又好像不存在的概念称为透明性。
5、Amdahl提出的体系结构是指机器语言级程序员所看见的计算机属性。
6、经典计算机体系结构概念的实质3是计算机系统中软、硬件界面的确定，也就是指令集的设计，该界面之上由软件的功能实现，界面之下由硬件和固件的功能来实现。
7、计算机组织是计算机系统的逻辑实现；计算机实现是计算机系统的物理实现。
8、计算机体系结构、计算机组织、计算机实现的区别和联系？答：一种体系结构可以有多种组成，一种组成可以有多种物理实现，体系结构包括对组织与实现的研究。
9、系列机：是指具有相同的体系结构但具有不同组织和实现的一系列不同型号的机器。
10、软件兼容：即同一个软件可以不加修改地运行于系统结构相同的各机器，而且它们所获得的结果一样，差别只在于运行时间的不同。
11、兼容机：不同厂家生产的、具有相同体系结构的计算机。
12、向后兼容是软件兼容的根本特征，也是系列机的根本特征。
13、当今计算机领域市场可划分为：服务器、桌面系统、嵌入式计算三大领域。
14、摩尔定律：集成电路密度大约每两年翻一番。
15、定量分析技术基础（1）性能的评测：（a）响应时间：从事件开始到结束之间的时间；计算机完成某一任务所花费的全部时间。
2008年考研英语真题答案解析
2008年考研英语真题答案解析Section I: Use of English (10 points)1.【答案】[B]【解析】本题测试语义逻辑衔接。
“ selected”意为“挑选”; “prepared”意为“准备”; “obliged”意为“迫使，责成”;“pleased”意为“高兴地，满足地”，前一句“人们不敢说”，本句中由“but ”一词可推出意思与上句相反，即“Cochran 准备说”，所以选B.2.【答案】[D]【解析】本题测试词义辨析。
“unique”意为“唯一的，独特的”;“particular”意为“特殊的，独特的”;“special”意为“特别的，特殊的”;“rare”意为“稀罕的，珍贵的”，rare bird 意为“稀有的人”，空格相关意思是“只有Cochra准备说”，而且“rare bird”是固定搭配,所以选D3.【答案】[A]【解析】本题测试介词的语意搭配, independently of 意为“不依赖于，独立”，所以选A4.【答案】[C]【解析】本题测试词义辨析。
由“actually”推出本句是对现在和以前对疾病看法的对比，所以选C5.【答案】[C]【解析】本题测试副词的用法及语段的连贯性。
Even 做程度副词，表示递进关系，意为“即使他自己也…”.所以选C6.【答案】[A]【解析】本题测试词义搭配。
空格相关意思是“一想到他即将要做的，即使他自己也….”“At thought of ”意为“一看到…”; at sight of意为年“一看见”;at cost of 意为“以…的代价”;at risk of意为“冒着….的危险”，所以选A7.【答案】[B]【解析】本题测试动词辨析。
advice意为“建议”; suggest意为“建议，提出’”; protest “主张，断言”; object“反对”，此句指“在论文中，他建议…”，所以选B8.【答案】[A]【解析】本题测试词组搭配，in progress 意为“进行中”;in fact 意为“事实上”; in need意为“在危难中”; in question 意为“正在被讨论的”，前一句正在谈论“ group 群体” ,本句衔接上一句表达“正在被讨论的这个群体”，所以选D9.【答案】[B]【解析】本题考查动词辨析。
2008年真题
2008年真题D品。
同时为弥补需求的波动，可能再额外持有250件作为后备或安全库存。
则该物品的平均库存量将为（）A.250B.500C.750D.10009.假设某商场彩电销售量情况如（）使用加权移动平均法计算彩电第四天的预测销售量A.30B.31C.32D.3310.波动库存是指（）A.由于物料必须从一处移动到另一处而产生的库存B.以大于目前所需要的数量来获得物品造成的库存C.由于不能准确预测销售数量、生产数量和时机而持有的库存D.为迎接高峰销售季节、市场营销推进计划或工厂停产期而预先建立起来的库存11.运输规模经济的特点是（）A.随装运规模的增长，使每单位重量的运输成本下降B.随装运规模的增长，使每单位重量的运输成本上升C.每单位距离的运输成本随距离的增加而减少D. 每单位距离的运输成本随距离的增长12.有效顾客响应应用于（）A.品牌选择性强的行业B.食品行业C.百货业D.重工业13.反映供应链上、下节点企业之间关系的绩效评价指标是（）A.价格指标B.质量指标C.成本指标D.满意度指标14.均衡计分卡模型包括哪几类指标（）A.客户指标、财务指标、内部运营指标和学习成长指标B.客户指标、财务指标、柔性指标C.客户指标、柔性指标、刚性指标和敏捷性指标D.财务指标、柔性指标、刚性指标和学习成长指标15.柔性评价指标的目标是（）A为了描述系统创新能力 B.为了描述系统盈利能力C.为了描述系统组织能力D.为了描述系统应对环境变化的能力二、多项选择题（每小题2分，共计20分）16.与推式供应链模式相比，拉式模式的优势表现在（）A.能够全面衡量业绩，更易于实施控制B.支持产品的不断变化C.提高经营效率D.改进质量，降低单位成本E.改进质量，降低单位成本17.下列关于物流存储功能的描述正确的有（）A.包括任何跨空间的物质实体的流动B.是物流体系中唯一的静态环节，是物流体系上的一个结点C.是物流运动空间和时间上的两大支持之一D.制定和完善物流业务管理规矩E.为将货物配送给用户，在物流中心进行必要的加工活动而进行保护18.MRP系统的三个主要依据包括（）A.主生产计划B.物流清单C.库存信息D.人员安排 E作业流程控制19.下列关于JIT的描述正确的有（）A.目标是最小化库存、提高产品质量、最大化生产效率和提供最佳客户服务水平B.在JIT中，理想的批量是一个单位，安全库存是不必要的，库存根本不应存在C.JIT具有向零库存进军、实现最大化节约、最大限度的降低废品的优势D. JIT的基本原理是以需定供，适时适量生产E. JIT的基本原理是以产定销，保存一定的库存量20.下列关于供应链伙伴关系和传统企业关系的描述正确的是（）A.传统关系的基础是联盟，而供应链伙伴关系的基础是交易B.传统关系的基础是交易，而供应链伙伴关系的基础是联盟C传统关系维系时间比较短，而供应链关系关系维持是长期的D.传统关系性质是敌对关系，而供应链关系性质是合作E.传统关系信息共享程度较低，而供应链关系拥有广泛的产品、营销和物流信息共享21.广义的库存可以理解为（）A.仅仅指的是在仓库中处于暂时停滞状态的物资B.用于将来目的的、暂时处于闲置状态的资源C资源停滞的位置，可以是在仓库里、生产线上D.资源的闲置状态可能由任何原因引起E.资源停滞的位置，可以是在非仓库的任何位置22.指导运输运作管理的两条基本原理是（）A.规模经济B.规模不经济C.距离经济D.边际效益递减规律E.边际效益递增规律23.有效捕获的构成要素包括（）A.POS机扫描和店铺单品预测B.店铺的电子收货系统、单品的价格和促销数据库C.计算机辅助订货系统、集成的采购订单管理D.配送系统、仓库的电子收货E直接出货、自动化的会计系统24.下列说法正确的有（）A.产销率越接近1，说明资源利用程度越低B. 产销率越接近1，说明供应链成品库存量越小C.平均产销绝对偏差指标值越大，说明供应链成品库存量越大，库存费用越高D.产需率大于1，则说明上层企业对下层企业的需求量缺乏调研或调研不准确E.供应链核心企业产需率指标数值小于1，则说明供应链生产能力不足，不能快速响应市场需求25.构成EDI系统的三个要素是（）A.EDI软件和硬件B.信息共享C通信网络 D.数据标准化 E.数据采集三、名词解释（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）26.现代物流管理27.牛鞭效应28.再订货点29.供应商管理库存30.快速响应四、简答题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共计25分）31.简述供应链的基本特征32.简述ERP系统的主要管理思想33.简述运输网络模型设计方案的主要类型34.简述影响承运人决策的因素35.简述ECR的最终目标五、案例分析题（本大题共1小题，每小题10分，共10分）36.随着市场经济的发展，企业对于客户满意度的重视程度日益增强。
2008英语专四真题及答案详解
TEST FOR ENGLIS H MAJORS (2008) -GRADEFOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTAT ION [15 MIN]Listen to the follow ing passag e. Altoge therthe passag e will be read to you four times. During the firstreadin g, whichwill be done at normal speed, listen and try to unders tandthe meanin g. For the second and thirdreadin gs, the passag e will be read senten ce by senten ce, or phrase by phrase, with interv als of 15 second s. The last readin g will be done at normal speedagainand during this time you should checkyour work. You will then be given2 minute s to checkthroug h your work once more.Please writethe wholepassag e on ANSWER SHEETONE.PART II LISTEN ING COMPRE HENSI ON [120 MIN]In Sectio ns A, B and C you will hear everyt hingONCE ONLY Listen carefu lly and then answerthe questi ons that follow. Mark the correc t answer to each questi on on your answer sheet.SECTIO N A CONVER SATIO NSIn this sectio n you will hear severa l conver satio ns. Listen to the conver satio ns carefu lly and then answer the questi ons that follow.Questi ons 1 to 3 are basedon the.follow ing conver satio n. At the end of the conver satio n, you will be given15 second s to answer the questi ons. Now listen to the conver satio n.1. When is Anne availa ble for the meetin g?A. The thirdweek of May.B. The thirdweek of June.C. The eleven th of June.D. The eleven th of May.2. Theirmeetin g will probab ly take placeinA. London.B. Toront o.C. Mexico City.D. Chicag o.3. When is Eric callin g back?A. Thursd ay aftern oon.B. Friday aftern oon.C. Thursd ay mornin g.D. Friday mornin g.Questi ons 4 to 6 are basedon the follow ing conver satio n. At the end of the conver satio n, you will be given15 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the conver satio n.4. Accord ing to the woman, advert iseme ntsA. let us know the best produc t.B. give us suffic ientinform ation.C. fail to convin ce people.D. give mislea dinginform ation.5. In the woman's opinio n, moneyspenton advert iseme nts is paidA. by manufa cture rs.B. by custom ers.C. by advert isers.D. by all of them.6. Whichof the follow ing statem entsis INCORR ECT?.A. The womanseemsto be negati ve aboutadvert ising.B. The womanappear s to know more aboutadvert ising.C. The man is to be presen t at a debate on advert ising.D. The man has a lot to talk abouton advert ising.Questi ons 7 to 10 are basedon the follow ing conver satio n. At the end of the conver satio n, you will be given20 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the conver satio n.7. Mr Brownbrough t with him only a few things becaus eA. therewasn't enough spacein the cupboa rd.B. the hospit al wouldprovid e him with everyt hing.C. he was to stay therefor a very shorttime.D. visito rs couldbringhim otherthings.8. Accord ing to the hospit al rules, at whichof the follow ing hourscan visito rs see patien ts?A. 2:00 pm.B. 5:00 pm.C. 7:00 pm.D. 6:00 pm.9. Whichof the follow ing statem entsis INCORR ECT?A. Patien ts have breakf ast at 8.B. Patien ts have lunchat 12.C. Thereare specia l alcoho l lounge s.D. Thereare specia l smokin g lounge s.10. Whichstatem ent best descri bes Mr Brown?A. He knowslittle abouthospit al rules.B. He can keep alcoho l in the ward.C. He knowswhen to smoke.D. He is used to hospit al life.SECTIO N B PASSAG ESIn this sectio n, you will hear severa l passag es. Listen to the passag es carefu lly and thenanswer the questi ons that follow.Questi ons 11 to 13 are basedon the follow ing passag e. At the end of the passag e, you will be given15 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the passag e.11. Meetin g roomsof variou s sizesare needed forA. contac ts with headqu arter s.B. relaxa tionand enjoym ent.C. inform al talks.D. differ ent purpos es.12. Whichof the follow ing is NOT mentio ned in the passag e as part of hotelfacili tiesforguests?A. Restau rants.B. Cinema s.C. Swimmi ng pools.D. Bars.13. A hotelfor an intern ation al confer enceshould have the follow ing EXCEPTA. conven ienttransp ort servic es.B. compet ent office secret aries.C. good sports and restau rantfacili ties.D. suitab le and comfor table rooms.Questi ons 14 to 17 are basedon the follow ing passag e. At the end of the passag e, you will be given20 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the passag e.14. The museum aims mainly to displa yA. the area's techno logic al develo pment.B. the nation's import ant histor icalevents.C. the area's agricu ltura l and indust rialdevelo pment.D. the nation's agricu ltura l and indust rialdevelo pment.15. The follow ing have been signif icant in the area's prospe rityEXCEPTA. the motorw ays.B. the Romanroad.C. the canals.D. the railwa ys.16. We know from the passag e that some exhibi tsA. are borrow ed from worksh ops.B. are specia lly made for displa y.C. reflec t the localcultur e and custom s.D. try to reprod uce the sceneat that time.17. The passag e probab ly comesfromA. a conver satio n on the museum.B. a museum tour guide.C. a museum bookle t.D. a museum advert iseme nt.Questi ons 18 to 20 are basedon the follow ing passag e. At the end of the passag e, you will be given15 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the passag e.18. Accord ing to the speake r, safety in dormit ory meansthat youA. insure all your expens ive things.B. lock doorswhen goingout.C. lock window s at night.D. take all necess ary precau tions.19. What does the speake r sugges t girlsdo when they are goingto be out late?A. Call theirfriend s.B. Stay with theirfriend s.C. Avoidwalkin g in street s.D. Always take a taxi.20. What is the speake r's last advice?A. To take a few self-defens e classe s.B. To stickto well-lit street s at night.C. To avoidwalkin g aloneat night.D. To stay with theirfriend s.SECTIO N C NEWS BROADC ASTIn this sectio n, you will hear severa l news items. Listen to them carefu lly and then answer the questi ons that follow.Questi ons 21 and 22 are basedon the follow ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given10 second s to answer the questi ons. Now. listen to the news.21. What happen ed during the New Year celebr ation in Thaila nd?A. Terror istsfought with Govern menttroops.B. Thai troops killed terror ists.C. Therewere shooti ngs.D. Therewere explos ions.22. What has led to the violen t situat ion in the southof Thaila nd?A. The Muslim s wanted indepe ndenc e.B. Thai troops have been sent there.C. About2000 people have been killed.D. Therehave been more bombin gs since2004.Questi ons 23 and 24 are basedon the follow ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given10 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the news.23. Underthe nation al oil law, the Iraqigovern mentA. will give more oil revenu es to only a few provin ces.B. will let provin ces distri butetheiroil revenu es.C. will distri buteoil revenu es accord ing to popula tionsize.D. will distri buteoil revenu es accord ing to securi ty needs.24. The constr uctio n packag e is meanttoA. help buildmore houses.B. help improv e the countr y's econom y.C. help more childr en to go to school.D. help more youngpeople to get educat ion.Questi ons 25 and 26 are basedon the follow ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given10 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the news.25. The jointcommit tee will promot e co-operat ion betwee n Egyptand Spainin all the follow ingareasEXCEPTA. educat ion.B. indust ry.C. invest ment.D. techno logy.26. What is this news item mainly about?A. The establ ishme nt of a jointcommit tee.B. The traderelati ons betwee n Egyptand Spain.C. The future tradevolume betwee n Egyptand Spain.D. The establ ishme nt of a jointbusine ss counci l.Questi on 27 is basedon the follow ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given5 second s to answer the questi on. Now, listen to the news.27. Accord ing to the news, Japane se teenag e womenA. are less violen t than men.B. are less violen t than before.C. are more violen t than before.D. are more violen t than men.Questi on 28 is basedon the follow ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given5 second s to answer the questi on. Now, listen to the news.28. Whichof the follow ing statem entsis CORREC T accord ing to the news?A. Zimbab weans stayed away from voting.B. Zimbab weans were enthus iasti c aboutvoting.C. Only a few Zimbab weans turned up to vote.D. Zimbab weans believ ed that Mugabe wouldwin.Questi ons 29 and 30 are basedon the follow ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given10 second s to answer the questi ons. Now, listen to the news.29. The news mentio ned _____reason(s) for the action takenby Indian teleco m worker s.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 430. Accord ing to the news, who amongthe follow ing were NOT affect ed by teleco m worker s'action?A. Banks.B. Big compan ies.C. Long-distan ce caller s.D. Govern mentoffici als.PART III CLOZE[15 MIN]Decide whichof the choice s givenbelowwouldbest comple te the passag e if insert ed in the eorres pondi ng blanks. Mark the best choice for each blankon your answer sheet.Salt, shells or metals are stillused as moneyin out-of-the-way partsof the worldtoday.Salt may seem rather a strang e (31)____ to use as money, (32)_____in countr ies wherethe food of the people is mainly vegeta ble, it is oftenan (33)_____necess ity. Cakesof salt, stampe d to show their(34)____, were used as moneyin some countr ies untilrecent(35)_____,and cakesof salt (36)____ buy goodsin Borneo and partsof Africa.Sea shells (37)_____as moneyat some time(38)____ anothe r over the greate r part of the Old World. Thesewere (39)___ mainly from the beache s of the Maldiv es Island s in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to Indiaand China. In Africa, shells were traded rightacross the (40)___ from East to West.Metal,valued by weight, (41)____ coinsin many partsof the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings,is stillused in many countr ies(42)_____papermoney.It can either be exchan ged(43)____ goods, or made into tools, weapon s, or orname nts. The earlymoneyof China, apartfrom shells, was of bronze, (44)_____in flat, roundpieces with a hole in the middle, called"cash". The (45)_____of theseare betwee n threethousa nd and four thousa nd yearsold - olderthan the earlie st coinsof the easter n Medite rrane an.Nowada ys, coinsand noteshave (46)____ nearly all the more pictur esque (47)____ of money, and (48)____ in one or two of the more remote countr ies people stillkeep it for future use on ceremo nial(49)____ such as weddin gs and funera ls, exampl es of (50)____ moneywill soon be foundonly in museum s.(31) A. object B. articl e C. substa nce D. catego ry(32) A. but B. and C. so D. even(33) A. abstra ct B. advant ageou s C. abunda nt D. absolu te(34) A. weight B. valueC. role D. size(35) A. timesB. events C. situat ionsD. condit ions(36) A. even B. also C. stillD. never(37) A. had been used B. are used C. wouldbe used D. wouldhave been used(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or(39) A. collec ted B. produc ed C. grownD. raised(40) A. city B. distri ct C. commun ib D. contin ent(41) A. proces sed B. produc ed C. preced ed D. procee ded(42) A. in spiteof B. instea d of C. alongwith D. in line with(43) A. agains t B. as C. in D. for(44) A. oftenB. seldom C. really D. much(45) A. earlie r B.earlie st C.better D.best(46) A. replac ed B. reprod ucedC. reflec ted D. recove red(47) A. sizesB. shapes C. format s D. forms(48) A. whileB. althou gh C. becaus e D. if(49) A. events B. gather ingsC. occasi ons D. assemb lies(50) A. origin al B. primit ive C. histor icalD. crudePART IV GRAMMA R & VOCABU LARY[15 MIN]Thereare thirty senten ces in this sectio n. Beneat h each senten ce thereare four wordsor phrase marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word orphra se that best comple tes the senten ce. Mark your answer s on your answer sheet.51. Our associ ation, whichhas consis tentl y presse d for greate r employ mentopport uniti es for tNdisabl ed, will publis h ____ propos als in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its52. Had Judy been more carefu l on the mathsexam, she ____ much better result s now.A. wouldbe gettin gB. couldhave gotC. must getD. wouldget53. Nine is to three_____threeis to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what54. Men differ from animal s ____ they can thinkand speak.A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which55. ____ he wanted to go out with his friend s at the weeken d, he had to stay behind to finishhis assign ment.A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though much56. I enjoye d myself so much ____ I visite d my friend s in Parislast year.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where57. Whichof the follow ing is INCORR ECT?A. All his lectur es were boring. C. Her few friend s are all fond of dancin g.B. Half his moneywas gone. D. He invite d many his friend s to the party.58. When you have finish ed with that book, don't forget to put it back on my desk, _____?A. do youB. don't youC. will youD. won't you59. What does "He wisely refuse d to spendhis money" mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spendhis money.B. He refuse d to spendhis moneyin a wise manner.C. He was shortof moneyand didn't want to buy anythi ng.D. He refuse d, in a wise manner, to spendhis money.60. They stoodchatti ng togeth er as easily and natura lly as ____.A. it couldbeB. couldbeC. it wasD. was61. The follow ing are all correc t respon ses to "Who told the news to the teache r?" EXCEPTA. Jim did this.B. Jim did so.C. Jim did that.D. Jim did.62. Qualit y is ____ counts most.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where63. In his playsShakes peare _____his charac terslive throug h theirlangua ge.A. wouldmakeB. had madeC. madeD. makes64. The square itself is five hundre d yardswide, five times____ the size of St. Peter's inRome.A. /B. that ofC. whichisD. of65. Whichof the follow ing senten ces expres ses "probab ility"?A. You must leaveimmedi ately.B. You must be feelin g rather tired.C. You must be here by eighto'clock.D. You must comple te the readin g assign menton time.66. When he firststarte d in univer sity, he really felt at _____with his major--- econom ics.A. shoreB. bankC. oceanD. sea67. On the road motori sts should be awareof cyclis ts and be ____ toward s them.A. consid erabl eB. consid eringC. consid erateD. consid ered68. Sallywas a bit shy, but the teache r foundher quite____ discus singa recent film withothers.A. at homeB. at mostC. at houseD. at bean69. The compan y has capita lized_____the errorof judgme nt made by its busine ss compet itor.A. inB. overC. withD. on70. Tim has failed threecourse s this semest er, so he will have to _____them next semest er.A. remakeB. repeatC. reappl yD. revise71. Keep this refere nce book; it may come in _____one day.A. handyB. usefulC. conven ientD. helpfu l72. The questi ons that the speake r raised were well ____ the averag e adult.A. pastB. onC. beyondD. throug h73. Teache rs in this school were encour agedto use dramaas a(n) _____of learni ng.A. designB. instru mentC. agencyD. tool74. First, we need to find out what his scheme is, and then act _____.A. sensit ivelyB. imagin ative lyC. effici entlyD. accord ingly75. At firstJim was not quiteclearwhat he was goingto do afteruniver sity, but now he seems_____on becomi ng a comput er progra mmer.A. fitB. setC. dispos edD. decide d76. When invite d to talk abouthis achiev ement s+ he refuse d to blow his own _____anddeclin ed to speakat the meetin g.A. trumpe tB. whistl eC. bugleD. flute77. In spiteof the treatm ent, the pain in his leg grew inA. gravit yB. extentC. intens ityD. amount78. Bus servic es betwee n Town Centre and Newton Housin g Estate will be _____untilthemotorw ay is repair ed.A. discon tinue dB. suspen dedC. haltedD. ceased79. The moon, beingmuch nearer to the Earththan the Sun, is the ____ causeof the tides.A. princi palB. basicC. initia lD. elemen tary80. Teddycame to my ____ with a cheque of $200 to pay my room rate, afterI phoned himthat my wallet had been stolen.A. attend anceB. assist anceC. rescueD. safetyPART V READIN G COMPRE HENSI ON [25 MIN]In this sectio n thereare four passag es follow ed by questi ons or unfini shedstatem ents,each with four sugges ted answer s marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you thinkis the best answer. Mark your answer s on your answer sheet.TEXT AWhen the sun is up in Amster dam, the larges t city in the Nether lands sits quietl y on theAmstel River.You can rent a bicycl e, visitthe Van Gogh or Anne Frankmuseum, or take a watertaxi.But when the sun goes down, the partyi ng begins. In the big clubsand in coffee shops,touris ts gather to hang out, talk politi cs and smoke.Severa l areasof the city clearl y show the two worlds that rule Amster dam. And they're allwithin a shortcab ride of each other.For exampl e, Dam Square attrac ts daytim e sights eersto its festiv als, open market s, concer ts and otherevents. Severa l beauti ful and very popula r hotels can be foundthere. And thereis theRoyalPalace and the MagnaPlazashoppi ng mall.But as evenin g descen ds on Dam Square so do the party-seeker s. Hip pop or funk musicbegins blarin g from Club Paradi so and Club Melkwe g. Theseare two of the most popula r clubsinEurope. So if you come, be readyto dance. The clubsdon't shut down until4 am.And whileyou are there, checkout the variou s inexpe nsive ways to tour the city. Don'tworryaboutgettin g lost. Althou gh Dutchis the offici al langua ge, most people in Amster dam speakEnglis h and are happyto help you with direct ions.And you'll notice that half the people in the street s are on bicycl es. They rent for US$17 to $20 for a wholeday.Amster dam also has a good canalsystem. From anywhe re betwee n U852 and $9.50, you can use the canalbus or a watertaxi to cruise the "Venice of the North".You can take in the pictur esque canalhousearchit ectur e: The rows of neat, narrow four-storydwelli ngs of browns tonewith largewindow s are well worthseeing. Many of them are severa l centur ies old.You mightalso want to jump out of the canalbus at the Museum Quarte r and startwalkin g.Master piece s by Dutchartist s such as Rembra ndt, Bruege l, Van Gogh and others are on displa y atthe V an Gogh Museum, Rembra ndt Houseand others.The city has an apprec iatio n of its histor ic past. One placeto visitis the Anne FrankHousein Nine Street s. It was therethat the youngJewish girl wroteher famous diaryduring WorldWar II. Visito rs can view Anne's origin al diaryand climbbehind the bookca se to the room whereshe and her family hid from the Nazisfor two years.81. At the beginn ing of the passag e, the author indica tes thatA. Amster dam is genera lly knownas a quietcity.B. partie s go on all day long in Amster dam,C. Amster dam presen ts two differ ent pictur es.D. Amster dam attrac ts many daytim e visito rs.82. Whichtouris t attrac tionis citedfor elabor ation in Paragr aphsFour and Five?A. RoyalPalace.B. Dam Square.C. Club Paradi so.D. MagnaPlaza.83. Accord ing to the passag e, the localpeople have all the follow ing charac teris ticsEXCEPTA. they are partygoers.B. they show hospit ality.C. they can speakEnglis h.D. they are fond of cyclin g.84. Whichof the follow ing adject ivescan best descri be Amster dam as a touris t city?A. Modern.B. Deligh tful.C. Quiet.D. Histor ic.TEXT BIn an articl e some Chines e schola rs are descri bed as being"tantal izedby the myster iousdragon bone hierog lyphi cs." Tantal izedis one of many Englis h wordsthat have theirorigin s inmythsand legend s of the past (in this case, Greekand Romanones). The meanin g of the verb tantal ize is a very partic ularone: "to promis e or show someth ing desira ble to a person andthentake it away; to teaseby arousi ng hope." Many (but not all) Englis h dictio narie s give you a briefindica tionof a word's origin s in bracke ts before or afterthe explan ation of the meanin g. For tantal ize the follow ing explan ation is given: [> Tantal us]. This meansthat you should look up the name Tantal us to find out the word's origin s, and if you do, you will find out that in Greekmythol ogy, Tantal us was a king who was punish ed in the lowerworldwith eterna l hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in waterthat always movedaway when he triedto drinkit and with fruiton branch es abovehim placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was change d into a verb meanin g "to teaseor tormen t by arousi ng desire"?Anothe r exampl e is the word siren, famili ar to us as the mechan icaldevice that makessuch an alarmi ng soundwhen police cars, ambula nces, or fire engine s approa ch. This word also has itsorigin s in Greekmythol ogy. The travel er Odysse us (Ulysse s to the Romans) made his men plugtheirears so that they wouldn't hear the danger ous voices of the sirens, creatu res who were halfbird and half womanand who luredsailor s to theirdeaths on sharprocks. So the word came to beassoci atedboth with a loud soundand with danger!When someon e speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "hercul ean effort," he or she is usingwordswith origin s in mythol ogy. Look thesewordsup to find theirmeanin g and relati onshi p to myths.Many common words, such as the namesfor the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythol ogy. Wednes day derive s from the ancien t Norseking of the gods, Woden,and Thursd ay was origin allyThor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunde r. As a matter of fact, all the planet s, except the one we live on, bear namesthat come from Romanmythol ogy, includ ing the planet that is farthe st away from the sun and for that reason was called afterthe Romangod of the dead. This god has also givenhis name to one of the chemic al elemen ts.Severa l otherelemen ts have namesthat come from mythol ogy, too.It seemsthat mythsand legend s live on in the Englis h langua ge.85. The purpos e of the firstsenten ce in Paragr aph One is ____.A. to descri be the work of some Chines e schola rs.B. to arouse reader s' intere st in hierog lyphi cs.C. to lead reader s onto the main theme.D. to link the preced ing part to the presen t one.86. We learnfrom the passag e, all Englis h dictio narie s includ e _____.A. legend s.B. mythol ogy.C. word origin s.D. word defini tions.87. The exampl e of tantal ize is to show _____.A. how the word came into existe nce.B. how Tantal us was punish ed in the lowerworld.C. how all Englis h dictio narie s show word origin s.D. how the meanin g of the word change d over the years.88. Accord ing to the passag e, whichof the follow ing does NOT have origin s in mythsorlegend s?A. Jovial.B. Wednes day.C. Earth.D. March.89. Whichof the follow ing can best serveas the titleof the passag e?A. Greekand RomanMythol ogy in Langua ge.B. Mythol ogica l Origin s of Englis h Words.C. Histor icalChange s in Word Meanin gs.D. Mythol ogy and Common Words.TEXT CMy heartsank when the man at the immigr ation counte r gestur ed to the back room. l'm an Americ an born and raised, and this was Miami, whereI live, but they weren't quitereadyto let me in yet."Please wait in here, Ms Abujab er," the immigr ation office r said. My husban d, with his very Americ an last name, accomp anied me. He was gettin g used to this. The same thinghad happen edrecent ly in Canada when I'd flownto Montre al to speakat a book event. That time they held mefor 45 minute s. Todaywe were return ing from a litera ry festiv al in Jamaic a, and I was startl ed that I was beingsent "in back" once again.The office r behind the counte r called me up and said, "Miss, your name lookslike the name of someon e who's on our wanted list. We're goingto have to checkyou out with Washin gton.""How long will it take?""Hard to say ... a few minute s," he said. "We'll call you when we're readyfor you."Afteran hour, Washin gtonstillhadn't decide d anythi ng aboutme. "Isn't this comput erize d?"I askedat the counte r. "Can't you just look me up?"Just a few more minute s, they assure d me.Afteran hour and a half, I pulled my cell phoneout to call the friend s I was suppos ed to meet that evenin g. An office r rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you couldbe callin g a terror ist cell and giving them inform ation.""I'm just a univer sityprofes sor," I said. My voicecame out in a squeak."Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg ironseveryday."I put my phoneaway.My husban d and 1 were gettin g hungry and tired. Wholefamili es had been brough t into the waitin g room, and the placewas packed with excita ble childr en, exhaus ted parent s, even a flightattend ant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chairand shout: "I'm an Americ an citize n; a noveli st; lprobab ly teachEnglis h litera tureto your childr en." Or wouldthat all be counte d agains t me?Aftertwo hoursin detent ion, I was approa chedby one of the office rs. "You're free to go," he said. No explan ation or apolog ies. For a moment, neithe r of us moved, we were stillin shock.Then we leaped to our feet."Oh, one more thing." He handed me a tatter ed photoc opy with an addres s on it. "If youweren't happywith your treatm ent, you can writeto this agency.""Will they respon d?" I asked."I don't know --- I don't know of anyone who's ever writte n to them before." Then he added, "By the way, this will probab ly keep happen ing each time you travel intern ation ally.""What can I do to keep it from happen ing again?"He smiled the emptysmilewe'd seen all day. "Absolu telynothin g."Aftertellin g severa l friend s aboutour ordeal, probab ly the most freque nt advice I've heardin respon se is to change my name. Twenty yearsago, my own gradua te school writin g profes sor。
2008成人学位英语考试试题
2008Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension（30 minutes 30%）Directions: In this part there are four reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to decide to decide on choice that best answers the question or completes the statement.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage.Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.(91) Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on a day without a breath of wind.21. According to the passage, destruction caused by high waves occurs .A. regularlyB. rarelyC. alwaysD. predictably22. It is implied that out at sea, when waves going in opposite directions meet, their force .A. cause great damageB. extends to the ocean floorC. is liable to lessenD. increases rapidly23. Coastal depth .A. is the only factor influencing the strength of high wavesB. has enormous influence on the force of high wavesC. has on influence pm the strength of very high wavesD. is irrelevant to the power of high waves24. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that the power of high waves striking the shore is .A. constantB. equalizedC. variableD. perpetual25. It is impossible for the high waves .A. to bring about most raging stormsB. to have an effect on the sea bottomC. to affect the surface of the seaD. to cause damage to the landQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passageIf it were only necessary to decide whether teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the rifled few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the job must be carried on at the sametime. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce specialists in many fields. (92) Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary, to judge the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services.In education, there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. Such balance is defeated by too much emphasis on any one field. The question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative emphases among the natural sciences themselves.Similarly, we must have a balance between current and classical knowledge. The attention of the public is continually drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, established materials that form the basis of courses for beginners.26. It is indicated in Para. 1 that the task of education is fairly complicated because .A. the current public school system is too complicated to be understoodB. the public school system has no choice of what to teachC. it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schoolD. the educators have to take care of both ordinary and gifted students27. The word“defeated”(Para. 2) most probably means .A. brokenB. beatenC. lostD. smashed28. Which of the following statements is NOT included in the passage?A. One of the major tasks of education is to discover the most promising students.B. In order to teach effectively, educators are requested to lay emphasis on one particular field.C. Some subjects have been over-emphasized in public schools.D. The progress of the society cannot merely rely on inventors.29. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. students should learn more up-to-date knowledgeB. lack of scientific knowledge will lead to poor relations between producers and users of scientific servicesC. students are getting to know the importance of good balance among the branches of knowledgeD. sufficient attention should be given to basic knowledge30. The best title for this passage might be .A. Balance in EducationB. Education System in Public SchoolC. Current Situation in EducationD. Importance of Teaching Science and TechnologyQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In primitive societies sick people had to rely on medicine men and witch doctors (Some people still rely on them). (93) It was believed that a person was sick because he had been attacked by evil spirits. The witch doctor’s job was to drive off these spirits.His technique involved a combination of three methods, the first of which was religious. He chanted magic words and used good luck charms which he thought had power over the evil spirits that supposedly had entered the victim’s body. Secondly, he deliberately fed the patient mixtures, which were often filthy and disgusting, to make the evil spirits so uncomfortable that would gladly run away and so enable the patient to get well.(94) The third method was to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbs that were similar in shape or texture to the various organs of the body. From our point of view, this was the only method that had any value. Modern scientific study has shown that some of these remedies had real usefulness in curing sickness, or at least in relieving pain, but not for the reasons advanced by the witch doctor.31. The word“filthy”(Para. 2) most probably meansA. deliciousB. effective D. primitive32. Disgusting mixtures were fed to the patient .A. to make them uncomfortableB. to cause the spirits discomfortC. because evil spirits liked themD. because they had medical value33. According to the passage, the witch doctors .A. functioned in curing some diseasesB. did nothing but harmed human’s healthC. firmly believed in religionsD. were proficient in medicine34. When primitive people were cured, it was actually a result of .A. the witch doctor’s prayersB. the departure of evil spirits from the bodyC. reasons unknown to the witch doctorD. the great skill of witch doctor35. Scientifically speaking, it might be somewhat effective in curing sickness for witchB. to chant magic wordsC. to feed the sick people mixturesD. to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbsQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for the second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for three seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate, rude or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-tine are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other. (95) Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction, you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman calls“a dimming of the lights”you lookdown at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than three seconds, what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and situation. For instance, a man and woman communicate interest in this matter. They typically gaze at each other for about three seconds at a time, then drop their eyes down for three seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals “I know you,”“I am interested in you,”or “you look peculiar and I am curious about you. ”This type of state often produces hostile hostile feelings.36. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .A. every glance has its significanceB. staring at a person is an expression of interestC. a gaze longer than three seconds is unacceptableD. a glance conveys more meaning than words37. If a person wants to be left alone an elevator, the best thing to do is .A. to look into another passenger’s eyesB. to avoid eye contact with other passengersC. to signal that he is not a threat to themD. to keep a certain distance from other passengers38. The phrase“a dimming of the lights”most probably means .A. closing one’s eyesB. turning off the lightsC. ceasing to glance at othersD. reducing gaze-time to the minimumA. depressedB. uneasy D. amazed40. The passage is mainly about .A. the limitation of eye contactsB. the exchange of ideas through eye contactsC. proper behavior in different situationD the rule of eye contact in interpersonal communicationPart ⅢCloze (15 minutes 10%)Directions: In this part there is a passage with 20 blanks in it. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the one that best fills into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Unavoidably, global climate is to change. “No matter 41 well the world controls emissions of greenhouse gases, global climate change is 42 ”, warn two new studies which take into 43 the oceans’ slow response 44 warming.45 greenhouse gases never rise beyond their present level, temperatures and sea levels sill continue 46 for another century or more because of a time 47 in the oceans’response to atmospheric temperatures, say researchers.This time lag means policymakers cannot afford to wait to tackle climate change 48 insconsequences become painful, because 49 then they will already be committed 50 further change, they argue. “The feeling is if things are getting bad, you 51 the stop button. But even if you 52 , the climate continues to change, ”says Gerald Meehl, a climatologist.But even an optimistic scenario predicts that 53 temperatures would continue to rise 54 between 0.4℃over the next century. That increase is 55 to the increase in the 20th century.And because water expands as it 56 , this time lag in temperature will continue to push sea level 57 . Meehl’s models predict that thermal expansion alone would make sea levels rise by about 11 centimeters over the next century, even of greenhouse gases were held 58 2,000 levels. The real rise would almost certainly be more, he says, because his models do not include the effect of 59 of glaciers and icecaps, which will be 60 rapid in a warmer world.41. A. how B. what C. where D. which42. A. evitable B. credible C. incredible D. inevitable43. A. counter B. count C. account D. accountant44. A. in B. to C. for D. with45. A. Even if B. Even C. Unless D. Although46. A. lifting B. rising C. raising D. descending47. A. log B. leg C. lag D. lab48. A. while B. when C. until D. after49. A. at B. in C. on D. by50. A. to B. up C. in D. for51. A. hit B. beat C. get D. put52. A. did B. does C. done D. do53. A. local B. global C. regional D. national54. A. by B. for C. in D. for55. A. comparison B. compared C. comparable D. comparing56. A. warming B. warm C. warms D. warmed57. A. bigger B. higher C. father D. lower58. A. at B. for C. in D. on59. A. melted B. melts C. to melt D. melting60. A. less B. more C. most D. leastPart ⅣV ocabulary and Structure (15 minutes 15%)Section A (10)Directions: In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. you are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single lime through the correct.61. I’d like to five hundred dollars to my current account.A. alterB. methodC. changeD. transferto the farmhouse is across the fields.B. methodC. stepD. means63. The corridor was dark and I my head against the wall.A. BroughtB. damagedC. bumpedD. struck64. The mountain climber had a escape from death.A. shortB. scarceC. closeD. narrow65. you are here, I can leave.A. So thatB. Such thatC. Now thatD. In order to66. Mr. Jones said he wasA. going over C. holding on D. laying out67. It is very kind of you to me at the airport.A. see; offB. put; offC. keep; offD. turn; off68. Where did you your Russian?A. pick outB. pick upC. pick overD. pick on69. To his great , his son again failed to pass the examination.A. importanceB. promotionC. excitementD. disappointment70. I’m very busy, and I can’t three days away from work.A. payB. standC. offerD. affordthe key on the table.B. forgotC. lostD. missed72. Mary, are you to take part in the game?A. supposedB. disposedC. exposedD. proposedA. beginning C. start D. first74. There was nobody in when we came round the corner.A. sightB. glimpseC. glanceD. view75. Susie’A. common C. normal D. ordinary76. A lot of people looked on him an authority.A. likeB. forC. asD. to77. I’d like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and in a quiet environment.A. for allB. first at allC. after allD. first of all78. The journalist claimed that the information came from a source.A. confidentB. dependentC. believedD. reliable79. We were completely when we finally reached the destination.A. worn offB. worn onC. worn outD. worn away80. The doctor said, “If you take this medicine twice a day, it should your cold.”A. restoreB. cureC. treatD. recoverSection B (5%)Directions: Complete the following sentences with appropriate words or expressions or with thevoice.83. I’84. It would be a86. Herecently. (widen)Part ⅤTranslation (15 minutes 10%)Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate in to Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part Ⅱ. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.91. Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea.然而，不管水波多大多猛烈，只对海面造成影响。
ISO9001：2008质量管理体系考试试卷
深圳铭泽豪有限公司ISO9001：2008质量管理体系考试试题姓名：部门：得分：一、判断题（共15分，每小题1分）1、ISO9001质量管理体系是使顾客满意的最低要求。
（√）2、没有抱怨、投诉就表明顾客很满意。
（×）3、改进措施不一定存在不符合，纠正预防措施针对不符合。
（√）4、纠正措施是指为消除已发现的不合格所采取的措施。
（×）5、顾客是指接受产品的组织或个人。
（√）6、顾客可分为内部顾客和外部顾客。
（√）7、为使文件是充分与适宜的，文件发布前必须得到批准。
（√）8、质量方针和质量目标不属于质量管理体系文件。
（×）9、文件是否得到控制主要看持有者的文件上是否有“受控”文件标识。
（×）10、组织的最高管理者就是指总经理。
（×）11、质量管理体系的建立和运行是组织管理者的责任，员工的参与是可有可无的。
（×）12、组织建立了质量管理体系，就可以保证提供的产品满足顾客要求。
（×）13、产品要求的变更，必须做到二个确保：确保相关文件更改，确保相关人员知道变更要求。
（√）14、八项质量管理原则中“以顾客为关注焦点”和“持续改进”是质量管理的两个基本点。
（√）15、采取预防措施是为了防止发生，而采取纠正措施是为了防止再发生。
（√）16、顾客财产包括知识产权和个人信息。
（√）二、填空题（共40分，每空1分）1、2008版ISO9001质量管理体系发布时间是 2008 年 12 月 30 日，明确要求于2009年3月1日实施。
2、2008版ISO9001质量管理体系要求由管理职责、资源管理、产品实现和测量、分析和改进四大过程组成。
3、2008版ISO9001质量管理体系对过程识别改为了确定。
4、质量管理体系要求对从事影响产品要求符合性工作的人员的能力从四个方面去衡量：它们分别是教育、培训、技能和经验。
5、质量是指一组固有特性满足要求的程度。
6、一组将输入转化为输出的相互关联或相互作用的活动叫过程。
08年学士学位英语试题
Anna:___A________
A.Yes ,of course. B.Thanks, I’d love to .
Larry:Terrible!I just found out I failed my math test,and I studied all night for it!
A.How’s it going? B.How do you do ?
C.How are you? D.How about you?
A.You have nothing in mind B.It doesn’t matter.
C.I have no choice! D.Whatever you say!
8.Terri: How are things going with you and your roommate?
A. What’s up? B.May I help you?
C.Could you wait? D.Why do you want to see her?
3.Peter:Hello.I’m Peter Smith.Aren’t you new here?
C.Well, why not? D. So what?
7. Kato:Shall we have Chinese or American food?
Mori:_____D_________
Kato:There is a good steak house around the corner.
2008年英语专八真题及其答案解析
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS（2008）—GRADE EIGHT—TIME LIMIT: 195MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI -LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the le cture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. You notes will not be market, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task for after the mini- lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE.Use the blank sheet for note- tanking.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your colored answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview1. Mary doesn't seem to favour the idea of a new airport becauseA. the existing airports are to be wastedB. more people will be encouraged to travel.C. more oil will be consumed.D. more airplanes will be purchased.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage?A. More people in the area.B. Noise and motorways.C. Waste of land.D. Unnecessary travel.3. Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPTA. more job opportunities.B. vitality to the local economy.C. road construction,D. presence of aircrew in the area.4. Mary thinks that people dont need to do much travel nowadays as a result ofA. less emphasis on personal contact.B. advances in modern telecommunications.C. recent changes in peoples concepts.D. more potential damage to the area5. We learn from the conversation that Freddy is Marys ideas,A. strongly in favour ofB. mildly in favour ofC. strongly againstD. mildly againstSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. A new government was formed after Sundays elections.B. The new government intends to change the welfare system.C. The Social Democratic Party founded the welfare system.D. The Social Democratic Party was responsible for high unemployment.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. The tapes of the Apollo-11 mission were first stored inA. a U.S. government archives warehouse.B. a NASA ground tracking station.C. the Goddard Space Flight Centre.D. none of the above places.8. What does the news item say about Richard Nafzger?A. He is assigned the task to look for the tapes.B. He believes that the tapes are probably lost.C. He works in a NASA ground receiving site.D. He had asked for the tapes in the 1970s.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9. The example in the news item is cited mainly to showA. that doctors are sometimes professionally incompetentB. that in cases like that hospitals have to pay huge compensations.C. that language barriers might lower the quality of treatment.D. that language barriers can result in fatal consequences.10. According to Dr. Flores, hospitals and clinicsA. have seen the need for hiring trained interpreters.B. have realized the problems of language barriers.C. have begun training their staff to be bilinguals.D. have taken steps to provide accurate diagnosis.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet。
A级考试2008年12月真题及答案
PRACTICAL ENGLISH TEST FOR COLLEGES( Level A , 2008.12)Part I Listening Comprehension ( 15 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections. Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues.There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue , there is a recordedquestion. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answerfrom the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper.Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read: A) New York City. .B) An evening party.C) An air trip.D) The man’s job.From the dialogue we learn that the man is to take a flight to NewYork. Therefore, C) An air trip is the correct answer. You should markC) on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.〔A〕〔B〕〔C〕〔D〕. Now the test will begin.1. A) Close the window. C) Turn the TV.B) Open the window. D) Trun on the radio.2. A) He’s in the office. C) He’s on a business trip.B) He’s in a meeting. D) He’s on holiday.3. A) Take s Chinese course. C) Stay at home.B) Visit China. D) Go to a summer camp.4. A) The water is too cold. C) The pool is too crowded.B) The pool is too far away. D) The weather is too hot.5. A) 4 days. C) 24 days.B) 14 days. D) 40 days.Section BDirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations.There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation,there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations andquestions will be spoken two times .When you hear a question, youshould decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B),C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.Conversation 16. A) A single room with a bath C) A double room with a bathB) A single room with a shower D) A double room with a shower7. A) 100 dollars C) 200 dollars.B) 150 dollars D) 250 dollars.8. A) A fitness gym. C) A swimming pool.B) A tennis court. D) A table tennis room. Conversation 29. A) By the last name. C) By the middle school.B) By the first name. D) By the full name.10．A）The short holidays. C) The small office.B) The low salaries. D) The informal clothes.Section CDirections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passage. You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions.Both the passage and the questions will be read two times. When youhear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or ashortPhrase (in no man than 3 words). The questions and incompleteanswers are printed in your test paper. You should write your answerson the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now listen to the passage. 11. How many kinds of doctors are there in the US?__________________________________________________________________ 12 Where is the family doctor’s office?In the _________________________________________where their patients live.13 What do family doctors often do?They ________________________________the health of everyone in the family.14. What kind of diseases do specialists treat?Special health problems, such as a _________________ disease or a broken bone.15 What is very important to Americans according to the passage?They should buy medical ____________________________________________. Part II Structure ( 15minutes ) Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or wordsfrom the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper.Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.16. Allan is looking forward to ________ his American partner at the trade fair.A) meet C) be meetingB) meeting D) having met17. The sales manager had his secretary ________ a press conference for their newproducts,A) arrange C) have arrangedB) to arrange D) arranged18. The message ________ Mr. Black was elected chairman of the committee arrivedjust in time.A) which C) thatB) what D) how19 They had talked only for a few minutes _______ they found they were ofdifferent opinions.A) unless C) beforeB) while D) once20. By the time you come to see me next month, I ______ my term paper.A) have completed C) am completingB) complete D) will have completed21. It is important to provide an environment ______ people are encouraged to makesuggestions at all levels of the company.A) from which C) in whichB) on which D) for which22. The scientists wanted to keep people _______ about the breakthrough in theirexperiment.A) inform C) informingB) informed D) to inform23. When I first arrived in Japan, I was surprised _______ the way people greetedeach other.A) of C) withB) to D) at24. Not until that day _______ the importance of good manners in a job interview.A) did I realize C) I have realizedB) I did realize D) have I realized25. The market economy is quickly changing people’s idea on ______ is accepted.A) that C) whatB) which D) howSection BDirections: There are also 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. Write theword or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.He tried to solve the problem, but he (quick) _______ gave up.27.The guest paid (little) _______ money than he should for the room.28.It is far more (interest) _______ for me to chat online with friends than to watchTV.29.Finally the woman found her (lose) ______ child with the help of the police.30.The boss gave him a raise in salary because of his excellent (perform) _______at work.31.This hospital, which (equip) ______ with modern facilities, is one of the best inthe country.32.Before (write) _______ an application letter, you should be aware what kind ofpeople the employer needs.33.In the past few years, traffic problems (become) ______ more and more serious.34.It’s really (wonder) _______ to see you here again in Beijing.35.If I (be) _______ you, I wouldn’t miss the job interview tomorrow morning. Part III Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes ) Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do thetasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question orstatement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You shouldmark the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.The iMOVE database (数据库) is a foreign-language information platform for persons interested in job opportunities offered by German companies. The information can be obtained in seven languages: German, English, French, Spanish, Chinese, Russian and Arabic.All programs in the area of professional training are carried out by German training providers. All these programs have a clear content to meet your special needs.Programs which take place in Germany are carried out in English. Many of the German training providers have started their training activities towards the international market. Therefore, they also offer courses abroad. These courses are taught in English or the language of the target country. Providers will be glad to supply you with additional information on these courses. You can contact the provider directly to find out more about a program and the training provider.To guarantee high standards in the database iMOVE has developed quality standards for training providers and their services. All of the training facilities in the iMOVE databases have to follow these quality criteria (标准). All training providers who publish their international training programs in the iMOVE database have recognized our General Terms and Conditions.36. The iMOVE database is intended for persons who _________.A) seek a job as a language translatorB) are interested in the German languageC) want to be employed by German companiesD) wish to work for professional training providers37. The iMOVE programs are carried out by _________.A) language training centersB) German traninig providersC) special service developersD) overseas employment advisers38. The training programs held in Germany are taught in _________.A) German C) FrenchB) English D) Chinese39. Which of the following measures has iMOVE taken to guarantee its highstandards?A) Offering different language coursesB) Providing modern training facilities.C) Starting training courses overseas.D) Developing quality stardards40. The purpose of the passage is to _________.A) advertise the iMOVE databaseB) make German companies more popularC) hire overseas employees to work in GermanyD) encourage people to learn more foreign languagesTask 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.It is so easy to earn rewards!A wide range of partners wherever you goTo make traveling even easier, Air France offers you Frequency Plus (常旅客里程奖励计划) through an extensive network of our partners. Todether, they give you endless opportunities to earn Miles and a wide choice of Rewards, from airline tickets, hotel room-nights, car rentals and more.Partners in ChinaIf you are a Frequency Plus member registered in China, you have even more choices with rewards from our local partners. For more information, please cotact your local Air France office.First rewards start as low as 20,000 Miles!Your Temporary CardStart earning the Miles that will make you get your first Reward, now.a) Show your Temporary Card and simply give your Card number when makinga reservation and at check-in for your flight. In this way, you will begin toearn Miles even before receiving your Permanent Card.b) Fill in and return your personal membership(会员) application today. Yourapplication must be received within 3 weeks of your first flight.Remember, you will enjoy an extra 3,000 Bonus Miles (额外奖励里程) for your first trip with Air France within 6 months of joining. Fly today and earn Rewardssooner!41．Air France carries out its Frequency Plus __________.A) through its reduced ticket pricesB) through its extensive network of partnersC) by provding convenient flight schedulesD) by offering excellent services on board42. In order to get the first reward, passengers must fly ar least __________.A) for 6 months C) 3,000 bonus MilesB) 20,000 miles D) once in three weeks43. Passengers can begin to earn Miles _________.A) if they reserve tickets at a hotelB) if they buy tickets at the airportC) before receiving the Permanent CardD) after receiving the Permanent Card44. Passengers should send their application to Air France _________.A) upon receiving the application formB) within 3 weeks of their first flightC) before their first flight with Air FranceD) within 6 months of joining the program45. The extra bonus Miles for a passenger’s first trip with Air France within 6months of joining is __________.A) 2,000 miles C) 20,000 milesB) 3,000 miles D) 30,000 milesTask 3Directions: The following is a Memo.. After reading it, you are required to complete the outline (No.46 to No.50). You should write your answersbriefly (in no more than 3 words) on the Answer Sheetcorrespondingly.The College of Business Management (CBM) is seeking new members to represent the college as Student Ambassadors (大使). The Ambassadors selected will represent the college during the school year. Their term of service will begin during the autumn. Student Ambassadors will have the opportunity to cooperate with students at various activities throughout the school year.Purposes:1.Promote the College of Business Management.2.Improve leadership and communication skills.3.Assist in the recruitment of students to CBM.Qualifications and Requirements:1.Must currently be a full-time student in the College of Business Management.2.Must be available to assist with various recruitment activities.3.Must be able to contact students from various backgrounds.Application Procedure:1.Print a copy of the application form from our website.plete the application form and return it to the Student Advising Office. For More Information:Task 4Directions: The following is a list of medical terms. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to (与…等同) those given inChinese in the table below. Then you should put the correspondingletters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A -------- physical check-upB -------- biological clockC -------- pulse rateD --------- high blood pressureE ---------- sleep habitsF ---------- over-the –counter (OTC) medicineG --------- side effectH --------- personality testI ---------- operating roomJ ---------- sense of well-beingK --------- face-liftL ---------- compulsive over-eatingM ---------- stress self-testN ---------- plastic surgeonO - --------- heart beatP ---------- behavior therapyQ ---------- terminal stageTask 5Directions: The following is a business letter. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (N0.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers(in no more than 3 words) should be written after the correspondingnumbers on the Answer Sheet.Gmail (Google Email) NoticeSubject: Your Gmail account has been inactive for a long timeFrom: “The Gmail Team”gmail-noreply@Time: 2008-06-26 14:12:55To: wanghaiyan@Hi there,We’ve notice that you haven’t used your Gmail account, wanghaiyan@, for a quite some time. In order to make Gmail better for our users, we’ve added a lot of things in the last few months and we hope you’ll want to start using your account again.Stop worrying about storage(存储量). Your account now has 5000 megabytes (兆字节) of free storage and our plan is to continue growing your storage by giving you more space as we are able.The Gmail interface(界面) is now available in 12 languages. If you don’t see the language you want on this list, look for it in the future because we’re going to keep adding more.We’re still working hard every day to build for you the best email service around. But to keep Gmail great for our users, we may have to close inactive accounts after 9 months. So, we hope you’ll give us another chance. To log in (登录) to your Gmail account, just visit : http//.Thanks,The Gmail Team56. Why does the Gmail Team write to the Gmail user?Because the user hasn’t used his/her Gmail _________ for quite some time..57. What kind of storage the user’s account now has?It now has 5,000 megabytes of _____________________ storage.58. How many languages are available in the Gmail interface now?________________________________________________________________.59. What may happen to the user’s account if it inactive for 9 months?The Gmail team may have to _________________________ the user’s account. 60. What is the purpose of the Gmail team in sending this email?They hope the user will _______________________________ the account.Part IV Translation – English into Chinese (25minutes ) Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. Each of the four sentences ( No.61 to No.64 ) is followedby four choices of suggested translation marked A),B),C) and D). Makethe best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Write your translation of the paragraph (N0.65) in the correspondingspace on the Composition/Translation Sheet.61.I believe my education, training and personal qualities meet the requirements youset for the position of electrical engineer.A)我认为我受的教育和培训，以及个人素质正是你们要求的，我会努力履行电气工程师的职务。
外语考试-2008年英语专业四级真题及答案(详解)
Teiseiの外国語試験資料整合ーセット20008年英语专业四级考试真题及答案（详细解析）TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2008) -GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [120 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y Listen carefully and then answerthe questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the.following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. When is Anne available for the meeting?A. The third week of May.B. The third week of June.C. The eleventh of June.D. The eleventh of May.2. Their meeting will probably take place inA. London.B. Toronto.C. Mexico City.D. Chicago.3. When is Eric calling back?A. Thursday afternoon.B. Friday afternoon.C. Thursday morning.D. Friday morning.Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. According to the woman, advertisementsA. let us know the best product.B. give us sufficient information.C. fail to convince people.D. give misleading information.5. In the woman's opinion, money spent on advertisements is paidA. by manufacturers.B. by customers.C. by advertisers.D. by all of them.6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?.A. The woman seems to be negative about advertising.B. The woman appears to know more about advertising.C. The man is to be present at a debate on advertising.D. The man has a lot to talk about on advertising.Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.7. Mr Brown brought with him only a few things becauseA. there wasn't enough space in the cupboard.B. the hospital would provide him with everything.C. he was to stay there for a very short time.D. visitors could bring him other things.8. According to the hospital rules, at which of the following hours can visitors see patients?A. 2:00 pm.B. 5:00 pm.C. 7:00 pm.D. 6:00 pm.9. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Patients have breakfast at 8.B. Patients have lunch at 12.C. There are special alcohol lounges.D. There are special smoking lounges.10. Which statement best describes Mr Brown?A. He knows little about hospital rules.B. He can keep alcohol in the ward.C. He knows when to smoke.D. He is used to hospital life.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. Meeting rooms of various sizes are needed forA. contacts with headquarters.B. relaxation and enjoyment.C. informal talks.D. different purposes.12. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as part of hotel facilities forguests?A. Restaurants.B. Cinemas.C. Swimming pools.D. Bars.13. A hotel for an international conference should have the following EXCEPTA. convenient transport services.B. competent office secretaries.C. good sports and restaurant facilities.D. suitable and comfortable rooms.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. The museum aims mainly to displayA. the area's technological development.B. the nation's important historical events.C. the area's agricultural and industrial development.D. the nation's agricultural and industrial development.15. The following have been significant in the area's prosperity EXCEPTA. the motorways.B. the Roman road.C. the canals.D. the railways.16. We know from the passage that some exhibitsA. are borrowed from workshops.B. are specially made for display.C. reflect the local culture and customs.D. try to reproduce the scene at that time.17. The passage probably comes fromA. a conversation on the museum.B. a museum tour guide.C. a museum booklet.D. a museum advertisement.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. According to the speaker, safety in dormitory means that youA. insure all your expensive things.B. lock doors when going out.C. lock windows at night.D. take all necessary precautions.19. What does the speaker suggest girls do when they are going to be out late?A. Call their friends.B. Stay with their friends.C. Avoid walking in streets.D. Always take a taxi.20. What is the speaker's last advice?A. To take a few self-defense classes.B. To stick to well-lit streets at night.C. To avoid walking alone at night.D. To stay with their friends.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What happened during the New Year celebration in Thailand?A. Terrorists fought with Government troops.B. Thai troops killed terrorists.C. There were shootings.D. There were explosions.22. What has led to the violent situation in the south of Thailand?A. The Muslims wanted independence.B. Thai troops have been sent there.C. About 2000 people have been killed.D. There have been more bombings since 2004.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Under the national oil law, the Iraqi governmentA. will give more oil revenues to only a few provinces.B. will let provinces distribute their oil revenues.C. will distribute oil revenues according to population size.D. will distribute oil revenues according to security needs.24. The construction package is meant toA. help build more houses.B. help improve the country's economy.C. help more children to go to school.D. help more young people to get education.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. The joint committee will promote co-operation between Egypt and Spain in all the followingareas EXCEPTA. education.B. industry.C. investment.D. technology.26. What is this news item mainly about?A. The establishment of a joint committee.B. The trade relations between Egypt and Spain.C. The future trade volume between Egypt and Spain.D. The establishment of a joint business council.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27. According to the news, Japanese teenage womenA. are less violent than men.B. are less violent than before.C. are more violent than before.D. are more violent than men.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the news?A. Zimbabweans stayed away from voting.B. Zimbabweans were enthusiastic about voting.C. Only a few Zimbabweans turned up to vote.D. Zimbabweans believed that Mugabe would win.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. The news mentioned _____ reason(s) for the action taken by Indian telecom workers.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 430. According to the news, who among the following were NOT affected by telecom workers'action?A. Banks.B. Big companies.C. Long-distance callers.D. Government officials.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the eorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31)____ to use as money, (32)_____ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33)_____ necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34)____, were used as money in some countries until recent (35)_____, and cakes of salt (36)____ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37)_____ as money at some time(38)____ another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39)___ mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)___ from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41)____ coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42)_____ paper money. It can either be exchanged(43)____ goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)_____ in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The (45)_____ of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old - older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have (46)____ nearly all the more picturesque (47)____ of money, and (48)____ in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial (49)____ such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50)____ money will soon be found only in museums.(31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category(32) A. but B. and C. so D. even(33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute(34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size(35) A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never(37) A. had been used B. are used C. would be used D. would have been used(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or(39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised(40) A. city B. district C. communib D. continent(41) A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded(42) A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with(43) A. against B. as C. in D. for(44) A. often B. seldom C. really D. much(45) A. earlier B.earliest C.better D.best(46) A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered(47) A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms(48) A. while B. although C. because D. if(49) A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies(50) A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crudePART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrase marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for tNdisabled, will publish ____ proposals in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get53. Nine is to three _____ three is to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what54. Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak.A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which55. ____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finishhis assignment.A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though much56. I enjoyed myself so much ____ I visited my friends in Paris last year.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.B. Half his money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party.58. When you have finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on my desk, _____?A. do youB. don't youC. will youD. won't you59. What does "He wisely refused to spend his money" mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____.A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was61. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?" EXCEPTA. Jim did this.B. Jim did so.C. Jim did that.D. Jim did.62. Quality is ____ counts most.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ____ the size of St. Peter's inRome.A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of65. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.66. When he first started in university, he really felt at _____ with his major --- economics.A. shoreB. bankC. oceanD. sea67. On the road motorists should be aware of cyclists and be ____ towards them.A. considerableB. consideringC. considerateD. considered68. Sally was a bit shy, but the teacher found her quite ____ discussing a recent film withothers.A. at homeB. at mostC. at houseD. at bean69. The company has capitalized _____ the error of judgment made by its business competitor.A. inB. overC. withD. on70. Tim has failed three courses this semester, so he will have to _____ them next semester.A. remakeB. repeatC. reapplyD. revise71. Keep this reference book; it may come in _____ one day.A. handyB. usefulC. convenientD. helpful72. The questions that the speaker raised were well ____ the average adult.A. pastB. onC. beyondD. through73. Teachers in this school were encouraged to use drama as a(n) _____ of learning.A. designB. instrumentC. agencyD. tool74. First, we need to find out what his scheme is, and then act _____.A. sensitivelyB. imaginativelyC. efficientlyD. accordingly75. At first Jim was not quite clear what he was going to do after university, but now he seems_____ on becoming a computer programmer.A. fitB. setC. disposedD. decided76. When invited to talk about his achievements+ he refused to blow his own _____ anddeclined to speak at the meeting.A. trumpetB. whistleC. bugleD. flute77. In spite of the treatment, the pain in his leg grew inA. gravityB. extentC. intensityD. amount78. Bus services between Town Centre and Newton Housing Estate will be _____ until themotorway is repaired.A. discontinuedB. suspendedC. haltedD. ceased79. The moon, being much nearer to the Earth than the Sun, is the ____ cause of the tides.A. principalB. basicC. initialD. elementary80. Teddy came to my ____ with a cheque of $200 to pay my room rate, after I phoned himthat my wallet had been stolen.A. attendanceB. assistanceC. rescueD. safetyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AWhen the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on theAmstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a watertaxi.But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops,tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they're all within a short cab ride of each other.For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is theRoyal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall.But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seekers. Hip pop or funk musicbegins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs inEurope. So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don't shut down until 4 am.And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to tour the city. Don'tworry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdamspeak English and are happy to help you with directions.And you'll notice that half the people in the streets are on bicycles. They rent for US$17 to $20 for a whole day.Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between U852 and $9.50, you canuse the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the "Venice of the North".You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow four-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are severalcenturies old.You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking.Masterpieces by Dutch artists such as Rembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display atthe Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others.The city has an appreciation of its historic past. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne's original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years.81. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates thatA. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city.B. parties go on all day long in Amsterdam,C. Amsterdam presents two different pictures.D. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors.82. Which tourist attraction is cited for elaboration in Paragraphs Four and Five?A. Royal Palace.B. Dam Square.C. Club Paradiso.D. Magna Plaza.83. According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPTA. they are party goers.B. they show hospitality.C. they can speak English.D. they are fond of cycling.84. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Amsterdam as a tourist city?A. Modern.B. Delightful.C. Quiet.D. Historic.TEXT BIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysteriousdragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins inmyths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verbtantalize is a very particular one: "to promise or show something desirable to a person and thentake it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word's origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word's origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it andwith fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why hisname was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"?Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has itsorigins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plugtheir ears so that they wouldn't hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were halfbird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to beassociated both with a loud sound and with danger!When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year,also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden,and Thursday was originally Thor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after theRoman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements.Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too.It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.85. The purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph One is ____.A. to describe the work of some Chinese scholars.B. to arouse readers' interest in hieroglyphics.C. to lead readers onto the main theme.D. to link the preceding part to the present one.86. We learn from the passage, all English dictionaries include _____.A. legends.B. mythology.C. word origins.D. word definitions.87. The example of tantalize is to show _____.A. how the word came into existence.B. how Tantalus was punished in the lower world.C. how all English dictionaries show word origins.D. how the meaning of the word changed over the years.88. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myths orlegends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March.89. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B. Mythological Origins of English Words.C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D. Mythology and Common Words.TEXT CMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. l'm an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren't quite ready to letme in yet."Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber," the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happenedrecently in Canada when I'd flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held mefor 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was startled that I was being sent "in back" once again.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, "Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who's on our wanted list. We're going to have to check you out with Washington.""How long will it take?""Hard to say ... a few minutes," he said. "We'll call you when we're ready for you."After an hour, Washington still hadn't decided anything about me. "Isn't this computerized?"I asked at the counter. "Can't you just look me up?"Just a few more minutes, they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information.""I'm just a university professor," I said. My voice came out in a squeak."Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day."I put my phone away.My husband and 1 were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, even a flightattendant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: "I'm an American citizen; a novelist; lprobably teach English literature to your children." Or would that all be counted against me?After two hours in detention, I was approached by one of the officers. "You're free to go," he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still in shock.Then we leaped to our feet."Oh, one more thing." He handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it. "If youweren't happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency.""Will they respond?" I asked."I don't know --- I don't know of anyone who's ever written to them before." Then he added, "By the way, this will probably keep happening each time you travel internationally.""What can I do to keep it from happening again?"He smiled the empty smile we'd seen all day. "Absolutely nothing."After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I've heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn't stick me in what he called "the ethnic ghetto" --- a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone's personal and professional identity -just like the town you're born in and the place where you're raised.Like my father, I'll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole newperspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being anAmerican would ever be this hard.90. The author was held at the airport because _____.A. she and her husband returned from Jamaica.B. her name was similar to a terrorist's.C. she had been held in Montreal.D. she had spoken at a book event.91. She was not allowed to call her friends because _____.A. her identity hadn't been confirmed yet.B. she had been held for only one hour and a half.C. there were other families in the waiting room.D. she couldn't use her own cell phone.92. We learn from the passage that the author would _____ to prevent similar experiencefrom happening again.A. write to the agencyB. change her nameC. avoid traveling abroadD. do nothing93. Her experiences indicate that there still exists _____ in the US.A. hatredB. discriminationC. toleranceD. diversity94. The author sounds in the last paragraph.A. impatientB. bitterC. worriedD. ironicTEXT DPublic speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear; self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of falling in the most public of ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect.In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.。
2008年5月国际商务英语等级考试
得分评卷人复核人全国外经贸从业人员认证考试国际商务英语等级考试（中级）试卷2008年5月题目序号ⅠⅡⅢⅣ总分核分人应得分数20402020100实际得分Ⅰ．Listening: 20%（听力，20分）Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear a passage. Listen carefully and decide whether the statements are true or false. Then write down “T” for “True” or “F” for “False” in the brackets for each statement. This section totals 5 points.（）1. Computers can help man complete many hand tasks.（）2. You can contact your friends in a second by E-mail.（）3. Some clever hackers can find ways to transfer dollars by E-mail.（）4. Computers have brought a great change into the world, they always do us benefit.（）5. New technology has both bright side and dark side.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear five English sentences. Listencarefully and translate them into Chinese. This section totals 10 points.1____________________________________________________ 2.____________________________________________________ 3. ____________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear five short conversations betweentwo speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask aquestion. Read the four Choices and decide which is the correct answer tothe question you have heard. Then write down the right answer in thebrackets for each question .This section totals 5 points.（）1. A. It’s sunny dayB. He doesn’t think it’s going to rain.C. He will take an umbrella.D. It won’t rain according to the weather forcast.（）2. A. She didn’t notice the coin collection.B. Betty probably collected the coins.得分评卷人复核人C. She doesn’t like Bill’s collection of coins.D. Bill’s coins are very attractive.（）3. A. 10:30 B. 10:10 C. 11:00 D. 10:40（）4. A. He’ll attend it if the woman does so.B. He doubts if he’ll be able to attend it.C. He’s too tired to attend it.D. He’s eager to attend it.（）5. A. In a dressing shop.B. In a greengrocer’s.C. In a bookstore.D. In a cafe.II．Reading & Comprehension: 40%（阅读与理解，40分）Section ADirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this section. For eachsentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then write down the right answer in the brackets for each sentence. This section totals 10 points, one point for each sentence.（）1 Please quote us your best price CIF Lagos, __________ the earliest date of shipment.A. statingB. statedC. stateD. to state（）2 If you can ___ ___ us a 3% discount, we shall give you our initial order amounting to US$ 25,000.A. provideB. payC. guaranteeD. allow（）3 We regret our inability to agree ____________ your proposal to pack the goods ____________ cardboard boxes, because transshipmenthas to be made at Hong Kong for the goods to be shipped to ourport.A. on, inB. to, inC. with, inD. to, by（）4 We are faxing you this morning, asking you to amend the L/C ______________ “transshipment allowed.”A. to readB. to readingC. as readsD. reads（）5 We regret being unable to _____________ with the buyer’s request for covering insurance up to the inland city, as it is not stipulated in thecontract.A. complyB. conformC. take upD. deal（）6 We require the bicycles to be packed in a wooden case ___ ___ with soft materials.A. fullB. supportedC. paddedD. surrounded （）7 In our letter of May 5, we made ______ ____ clear that shipment is to be effected in June.A. youB. themC. thatD. it（）8 _________ we would like to supply you with the product, we are unable to fill your order.A. As much asB. Much asC. Very muchD. As（）9 We can supply this type of furniture ________________ veryfavorable terms.A. onB. forC. againstD. to（）10 We can only assume that an oversight has been made in making _____________ the order,A. outB. forC. atD. upSection BDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. You are required to choose the best one from the given four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Then write down the correct answer in the brackets. This section totals 10 points, one point for each blank.______1______ in 1983, this company is a trading firm specializing _______2______ the import and export of garments. Its business ________3________ covers various kinds of shirts, T-shirts, jackets, sportswear, etc.During the process of opening _______4________ and deepening of reform, the company has been vigorously ________5_______ the international market and its goods have been sold to countries and regionssuch as Europe, the Americas, Japan and Southeast Asia._______6_______ the traditional methods of trade, the company has been actively developing new business channels in recent years. Its import and export volume has gone up drastically. Last year the total trade amount reached US$90 million, an increase of 16% ________7_______ the year before.The company has always been ________8_________ great importance to the quality of products and business reputation. ________9_________ by the principle of equality and ________10_________ benefit, it will further develop its economic and trade relations with other countries all over the world.（）1 A. Found B. Founded C. Set D. To be set（）2 A. for B. at C. to D. in（）3 A. scope B. lines C. kind D. type（）4 A. down B. out C. up D. for（）5 A. expanding B. extending C. exploring D. stretching （）6 A. Besides B. Beside C. Except D. Except for（）7 A. up B. over C. with D. to（）8 A. enclosing B. sending C. mailing D. attaching（）9 A. Guiding B. Guided C. To be guided D. To be guiding （）10 A. common B. public C. mutual D. neutralSection CDirections: There are two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then write down the correct answer in the brackets for each question or statement. This section totals 20 points, two points for each question.Passage OneThe UK is extremely dependent on foreign trade. About 40 per cent of the population’s food and a large proportion of the raw materials used by industry have to be imported. In 1980 exports of goods and services were equal to about 25 per cent of the Gross National Product.In the exports of manufactures, the UK, in recent years, has done less well than her major competitors. The UK’s share of the value of the main manufacturing countries’ exports fell from 16 percent in 1980 to about 9 per cent in 1999. This was due to the fact that the volume of UK exports increased at an annual average rate of 5 per cent, only about one-half the rate achieved by the main manufacturing countries as a whole and about one-third the rate for Japan.Changes in the commodity composition of exports have been very small in recent years. The share of manufactured goods has increased slightly while the share of basic materials has declined. There has been a steady decline in the share of textiles and an increase in the share of chemicals in total exports. Over the next decade the possibility of exporting North Sea Oil and the diminishing dependence on imported oil should have a beneficial effect on the UK’s visible trade balance.The most striking change in the geographical distribution of UK exports in recent years has been the swing away from the traditional Commonwealth markets and a growing dependence on the market in Western Europe. Exports to Western Europe accounted for about 34 per cent of UK exports in 1989 but by 2000 this share had grown to nearly 60 per cent. This is much in line with developments in world trade as a whole, because trade between industrialized countries has been the fastest growing sector of world trade. The other important development is the growing importance of the markets in the oil-exporting countries.（）1. The export of manufactures of U.K. during recent years .A. has risen.B. has done better than the major competitors.C. has fallenD. has done less well that developing countries.（）2. The export of textiles .A. has declinedB. has declined sharplyC. has increased slightlyD. has increased sharply（）3. The export of basic materials .A. has increasedB. has declinedC. has remained steadyD. has little changed（）4. What is the most striking change in UK exports?A. The swing away from the traditional Commonwealth markets and agrowing dependence on the market in Western Europe.B. Changes in the commodity composition of exports.C. The increase of the share of manufactured goods and the decline ofthe share of basic materials.D. the beneficial effect of the export of oil on the UK’s visible trade balance.（）5. Which statement is not true?A. UK is exporting more to Western Europe.B. trade between UK and Western Europe has been the fastestgrowing sector of world trade.C. UK will possibly import less oil over the next decade.D. UK is exporting more chemicals.Passage TwoIs a quiet revolution under way in the nation’s shopping habits? Are we gradually allowing an increasingly select number of large companies to take care of all our basic requirements? The supermarket chains certainly hope so.‘People don’t have the time to shop around any more. If they’re happy with the quality of a company’s service, then they’re likely to buy other product types from them as well,’ says Jim Austin, an industry analyst.With the major supermarket brands such as Tesco, J Sainsbury and Asda already offering financial services, credit cards, own-label clothing, mobile phones, and cut-price electrical goods including computers, Austin believes that the supermarkets’ diversification is set to continue.‘The UK retail food market is saturated, so their only real prospect of growth is either to enter foreign markets or diversify into new markets athome..’ Tesco and J Sainsbury have done both. Having already bought foreign subsidiaries, both large supermarket chains have set up their own banks in order to offer customers financial services such as personal loans, mortgages and savings accounts.Together, the two new banks took over ￡2bn of customer deposits within the first year of trading. ‘They are winning business by using a lower cost base to offer their customers better interest rates on savings than traditional banks,’ says Austin.However, there are question marks over long-term profitability. The traditional providers say there is bound to come a point when the new banks will eventually want to widen margins and boost profits. ‘When they start to raise prices, they might create bad publicity, which could hurt their brand,’says one observer. ‘How will a major supermarket react, for instance, when it is faced with having to repossess a regular shopper’s home?’Shoppers, however, do not share these fears. A recent survey of 1,000 people by brand consultants Cook & Pearson concludes that shoppers will continue to buy a wider range of goods and services from supermarkets. Many people said that they would be prepared to buy a supermarket own-label car or even a house from a supermarket-branded estate agent. Interest was also shown in combining a food shopping trip with a visit to a supermarket dentist.Loyalty schemes are another incentive for customers. ‘Most supermarkets now offer bonus points with every purchase. These points add up to free air miles or cash discounts, so it really pays to stay loyal to the brand in all its diversified forms,’ says Austin.（）6 Why are the large UK supermarket chains diversifying?_____________.A. Because the retail food market in the UK has been occupied byforeign companies.B. Because the retail food market in the UK is saturated.C. Because the retail food market in the UK is quite small.D. Because diversification into new markets can promote the growthof the retail food market in the UK.得分评卷人复核人（）7 How are the supermarkets able to attract business in the banking sector?____________.A. Because they can offer more services.B. Because they can offer more varieties of commodities.C. Because they can offer better interest rates.D. Because they can offer free car parking for customers.（）8 What are the risks involved with brandstretching?_________________.A. There may come a point when providers will want to raiseprices.B. There may come a point when providers lose all their bankingbusiness.C. There may come a point when customers lose their confidence inthe banking sector.D. All the UK large supermarkets will have to close all theirbanking business.（）9 How do the large UK supermarket chains encourage brand loyalty?___________.A. By offering free samples of commodities.B. By offering a wide range of goods and services.C. By offering convenient banking services.D. By offering loyalty schemes like bonus points.（）10 The headline “Banking on a brand” means ______________.A. selling a brandB. purchasing a brandC. relying on a brandD. stretching a brandIII．Business Translation: 20%（商务翻译，20分）Section ADirections: There are ten terms in this section. Translate the English termsinto Chinese and the Chinese terms into English. Then write down the translation on the paper. This section totals 10 points, one point for each term.1 potential business2 commercialcounselor3 offer sheet4 proforma invoice5 shipping marks6 舱位7 空白背书 8 保兑信用证 9 运费到付 10 国际商会Section BDirections: Translate the following five Chinese sentences into English. Thenwrite down the translation on the paper. This part totals 10 points, two pointsfor each sentence.1从网上得知贵公司名称和地址，并了解到你公司经营玩具的进出口。
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试卷(C类)及答案--来自赛才网[1]
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2008 National English Contest for College Students(Level C--- Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A. To buy a newspaper. B. To find a chemist.C. To post a letter.2. A. Their billing system has been efficient.B. Their old billing system is outdated.C. He’s unimpressed with the new billing system.3. A. She’s been on vacation. B. She’s been at the grocery store.C. She’s been on a business trip.4. A. To go to the market. B. To have coffee.C. To have a discussion.5. A. Changing a flight reservation. B. Canceling a hotel reservation.C. Reserving an extra hotel room.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation one6. What’s Tania’s phone number?A. 506-6178B. 501-6678C. 501-66877. Who is going shopping at Harrods?A. Tania.B. Karl.C. Karl’s mother.8. How is Tania going to get to Harrods?A. On foot.B. By taxi.C. By tube.9. Which street plan shows the way from the station?A. B. C.10. What kind of wine does Karl want?A. Red Merlot.B. White Bordeaux.C. Rose Chianti.Conversation Two11. Which drawing shows the position of the handle?A. B. C.12. What other product features are included?A. A range of handle sizes.B. A variety of color combinations.C. A set of rings for different-sized tins.13. What’s the purpose of the V-clip?A.To hold the paint brush so it drips in the can.B.To prevent paint from getting onto the painted surfaces.C.To prevent the brush drying out if the painter is interrupted.14. Who will probably use the can-holder?A. Artists.B. Decorators.C. Soldiers.15. How much does the product cost?A. ￡4.B. ￡5.C. $4.Section C (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short news item. Each item will be read only once. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. What has prompted the new administration to review the Australia’s citizenship test?A. It’s out of date.B. Higher immigration rates.C. Many applicants failing it.17. Which train provides the easiest way to see Mount Fuji?A. From Tokyo to Yokohama.B. From Osaka to Yokohama.C. From Tokyo to Osaka.18. How many U.N. employees were killed in 2007?A. 17.B. 42.C. 59.19. What have studies found out about severe pneumonia treatment?A.No medication works in developing countries.B.It can be effectively treated at home with oral antibiotics.C.It can only be treated in the hospital with injectableantibiotics.20. What was the bar’s business like before the smoking ban?A. Almost empty every day.B. Usually crowded at midday.C. Empty on Wednesdays.Section D (10 marks)In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Crime isn’t rising because the laws are not strict enough, or because the (21) ________ are not tough enough, or simply because there aren’t enough policemen on the beat. It is rising because the agencies and individuals who can have a (22) _______ effect on crime are not pulling together or in the same (23) ______. The police are one of those agencies, of course. But crime prevention is also amatter for (24) ______ who are content to see mass (25) _______ turn into a way of life, for councils who prefer to shout yah-boo at the police, (26) _____ getting on with making life safer for local peo、ple, for architects who design exposed and indefensible buildin、gs, for parents who don’t take enough interest in what their teenage children are getting up to and for (27) ______ who sit inside and moan (28) ______ do anything about the state of the neighborhood or the street. Crime prevention has been neglected for too many by too many. Over the last ten years it has been willfully neglected in defiance of mounting (29) _______ that it is the central hope of (30) ________ action against crime.Part II Vocabulary and Structures (10 minutes, 15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices, marked A, B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.31. They are looking for _______ man with _______ long dark hair. He is armed and dangerous.A. a; aB. the; aC. a; /D. /; the32. It was unfortunate, but she had no _____ but to act as she did.A. chance.B. opportunityC. optionD. solution33. The _____ driver thinks that accidents only happen to other people.A. generalB. usualC. commonD. average34. How did they manage to steal the Van Gogh? It was right ____ the security guard’s nose.A. belowB. beforeC. underD. beside35. The student ______ continuing his studies when he had to return to his home country unexpectedly.A. is consideringB. was consideringC. should considerD. has considered36. My friends and I enjoy doing many of the same things. In that respect, we have a lot _______.A. in similarB. in particularC. in commonD. in accordance37. Our planned visit to the United States _______ because we were unable to get the visas.A. fell overB. fell downC. fell throughD. fell on38. Lest anyone _____ it strange, let me assure you that it is quite true.A. thoughtB. should thinkC. had thoughtD. thinking39. When Sally ______ the criminal ______ her house, she screamed at the top of her voice because she didn’t wan t ______.A. saw; enter; killedB. saw; enter; to be killedC. sees; entering; be killedD. sees; enter; killing40. Tina’s children, _____ all live nearby, organized a big party for her eightieth birthday.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. as41. Sometimes it is necessary to be careful _______ the right date to sit for a test.A. when choosingB. when you will chooseC. when you have chosenD. when you chose42. Einstein’s theory of relativity seemed hard to believe at the time _______.A. when he first introducedB. that he first introduced itC. he first introducedD. which he first introduced it43. ________ really. I like both public transport and driving.A. On second thoughtsB. I could go either wayC. I will never learn to driveD. But then again44. _____ I’m getting married!A. Can you keep a secret?B. Well I never!C. Many happy returns.D. Congratulations!45. --- So, do you know where you’d like to go?--- Actually, I’ve heard that it’s very expensive and it’s cold all the time.A. I beg your pardon?B. Yeah, but it’s not very good.C. Do you know any good hotels?D. Do you have any suggestions?Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks) Section A (4 marks)There is one passage in this section with 4 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B C and D. You should decide on the best choice, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 46-49 are based on the following passage.Most sore throats are caused by an infection which treatmentwith antibiotics cannot cure. But with simple remedies the patient normally gets better in 4 or 5 days.Tonsillitis, however, usually starts with a sore throat which causes pain on swallowing. With children and some adults there may be a fever and the patient is obviously not feeling well. It may be possible to see white spots on the back of the throat. The neck may also swell, both of which are the normal response to infection.Sometimes a sore throat may occur with the common cold, and with influenza there may be dryness of the throat, pain on coughing and loss of voice.TREATMENTAspirin: To help relieve the pain on swallowing and (if there is one) the fever, use aspirin tablets dissolved in water, so that the patient can gargle before swallowing. Repeat the treatment every 4 hours.Drink: Encourage the patient to drink plenty of liquids.Food: Food should not be forced on a patient who does not want to eat.Steam: If there is pain in the throat on coughing, breathing in steam may help.CHILDRENYoung children, who may not be able to gargle, should be givenaspirin dissolved in water every 4 hours at the right dose for their age.At one year: a single junior aspirin.At five years: half an adult aspirin.At eight years: one whole adult aspirin.WHEN TO SEE THE DOCTORIf the sore throat is still getting worse after 2 days.If the patient complains of earache.If the patient or parent is very worried.46. According to the passage, it would appear that most sore throats _________.A.require an immediate visit to a doctorB.respond quickly to treatment with an antibioticC.rarely turn out to be symptoms of serious illnessD.result in tonsillitis even when treated47. In order to treat a sore throat one should ________.A.prevent the patient from eating too muchB.give the patient up to 4 aspirin tablets every dayC.advise the patient to drink large amounts of liquidsD.make the patient gargle with hot liquids48. You should call the doctor in if _________.A.swelling occurs in the region of the earsB.the patient’s condition worsens after 2 daysC.the patient’s throat is still sore after a weekD.the disease spreads to another member of the family49. What difference is there in the way adults and young children should be treated with aspirin?A.Young children should not be allowed to gargle with it.B.Adults should be given tablets to swallow whole.C.Young children should be given aspirin more often than adults.D.Adults should be given larger doses of aspirin than children.Section B (14 marks)There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 50-55, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 56-59, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.In 1945 leaders from 51 countries met in San Francisco, California, and organized the United Nations (often called the UN). World War II had just ended. Millions of people had died, and there was destruction everywhere. People hoped they could build a future of world peace through this new organization.The United Nations has four main goals and purposes:1.To work together for international peace and to solveinternational problems;2.To develop friendly relations among nations;3.To work together for human rights for everyone of all races,religions, and of both sexes;4.To build a center where nations can work together for thesegoals.Today almost every country in the world is a member of the UN. Each country has signed an agreement that says:1. All members are equal.2. All members promise to solve international problems in a peaceful way.3. No member will use force against another member.4. All members will help the UN in its actions.5.The UN will not try to solve problems within countries exceptto enforce international peace.Obviously, the United Nations has not been completely successful in its goals. There have been several wars since 1945. However, the organization has helped bring peace to some countries that were at war. It has helped people who left their countries because of wars. It has helped bring independence to colonies.The main United Nations organization is in New York City, but the UN has a “family” of other related orga nizations all over the world. These organizations try to provide a better life for everyone. One example is UNICEF, an organization that provides food, medical care, and many other services for poor children wherever they live. Another example is the World Health Organization, which develops medical programs all over the world.There are thousands of UN workers in developing countries. They work as planners to increase production in farming and industry. They provide medical services, improve education programs, and spread scientific information. They develop programs that provide jobs and better living conditions. They help countries control their population growth.The United Nations also holds large international conferences, where people meet to discuss important world issues. One conference was about the uses and ownership of oceans. Anotherwas about women. There are also International Years. In these special years, people work together to improve situations and solve problems. One year was the International Year of the Child.For centuries countries have fought each other, and powerful countries have taken control of weaker ones. It is very difficult to persuade nations to live together in peace. Nevertheless, the United Nations is attempting to do this. It is the only organization that unites the world in the search for peace.Section C (10 marks)In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 60-64 are based on the following passage.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa.Languages are always changing, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words fromother languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. the English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuatl, and American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi.Another language family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily, and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language.Questions:Section D (12 marks)In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the spaces, 65-70. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 65-70 are based on the following passage.Welcome to “Software World” --- bringing you the very latest information on what is currently available on CD-ROM. Are you a director or producer looking for an unusual actor to play a part in a new movie project, or with that special look for a new commercial on TV? OK. The usual procedure would be to contact a theatrical agency, who would try and sell you the idea of using one of theactors listed on their books. Books? Too old-fashioned for you? Then get yourself a copy of this latest electronic database called “The Electronic Curtain”.The brainchild of casting agent Fred Harkney of the Better Talent Agency, he says he got the idea of an actor’s directory from his son playing computer games. Noting that junior had to type in the details of the characters in his favorite game, he realized he could do the same for the actors he represents. Eventually, he came to include information on nearly three quarters of the approximately 34,000 actors registered and looking for work in Britain. With some theatrical agencies boasting that they represent over 500 performers, the need for this product is not hard to fathom. It can be a nightmare trying to remember just which actor has done what, or just what an actor can do. The database lists details of over 5,500 actors: TV shows they have appeared in, special skills they possess --- everything down to the color of their eyes and other distinguishing physical features. By entering the details of the type of person you are looking for, the database quickly locates only those persons with the particular qualities requested.One problem though, is that many actors feel it is too impersonal, and they could be missing out on much needed auditions for parts in theatrical shows. On the other hand, it might just get them thatelusive job. The days of nervous nail-biting while waiting around to give an audition could well and truly be over. And all because of a small plastic disk. For product details ring this number now: 0171-379-60000.Summary:Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (5 marks)There are 5 blanks in the passage. Use the word given on the right-hand side to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember towrite the answers on the Answer Sheet.Section B (10 marks)There are 10 blanks in the passage. For each blank, one or more letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and decide which word best fits each blank, using only one word in each word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.True relaxation is most certainly not a matter of flopping down in front of the television with a welcome drink. Nor is it about drifting into an exhausted sleep. Useful though these responses to tension and over-tiredness (76) mi_______ be, we should distinguish between them and conscious relaxation in (77) te_____ of quality and effect. Regardless of the level of tiredness, real relaxation is a state of alertness, yet, at the same (78) t______, passive awareness, in which our bodies are (79) a________ rest while our minds are awake.Moreover, it is as natural for a healthy person to be relaxed when moving as resting. (80) Be_____ relaxed in action means we bring the appropriate energy to everything we do, (81) W______ needs to be rediscovered is conscious relaxation. With this in (85) m______ we must apply ourselves to understanding stress and the nature of its causes, however deep-seated.Part V Translation (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (8 marks)Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.After my mother passed away, my dad tried even harder to stayhealthy and active. Every morning, until the weather turned too cold, he swam in the turquoise pool in the complex where he lived. (86) Each day, no matter how he felt, he swam one more lap than the previous day, just to prove there was always room for improvement. Every few days he reported the new number of laps to me, pride edging his voice.By his late seventies, in spite of swimming and working six days a week, my dad had noticeably dwindled in strength and energy. By age eighty-one he was in poor health and had to retire. (87) He pretended he didn’t need to lean heavily on m e for support as we walked slowly, and I pretended not to notice. His mind was clear, but congestive heart problems and disabling arthritis had worn him down. One day he said, “In case of an emergency, I do not wish to be kept alive by any extraordinary me ans. I’ve signed an official paper to this effect.” He smiled his wonderful, broad grin and said, “I’ve been blessed to have had your mother as my wife and you as my only child, and I’m ready to go.”Less than a month later he had a heart attack. In the emergency room, he again reminded his doctor and me of his wishes, but I couldn’t imagine, in spite of this latest crisis, that he wouldn’t always be saying, “Have I told you yet today that I adore you?”(88) He was miserable in intensive care; tubes seemed to come from every opening. But my dad still had his sense of humor, asking me, “Does this mean we can’t keep our lunch date tomorrow?” His voice faltered.“I’ll be here to pick you up and we’ll go someplace special,” I answered, a lump in my throat.(89) Dad refused to look at me for the first time in his life and turned toward the blank green wall next to his hospital bed. There was a painful silence between us. He said, “I don’t want you to remember me like this. Promise me you won’t, darling! And please go now --- I’m so miserable.Section B (7 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.90. 她在阳光下只晒了一会儿，脸就开始变红了。
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试卷(D类)及答案
2008 Nationnal English Contest forCollege Students(Level D---Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes,30 marks) Section A:In this part,you will hear seven recordings.The seven recordings will be played only once.At the end of each recording,a question will be asked about what was said.After each question,there will be a pause.During the pause,look carefully at three pictures marked A,B and C,and decide which picture answers the question.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.(7 marks)1.What time does the film stat?A.6:00B.6:30C.8:002. What season is the speaker describing in the poem?（个别题目的图画从略，下同）3. Which graph is the speaker talking about?4. How does Jack come into the office?5. Why does the speaker want some coins?6. Which subject does Mike think is the most difficut?7. What does Henry drink after breakfast now?Section B:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations.At the end of each conversation,aquestion will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and question will be read only once.After each conversation,there will be a pause.During the pause,read three choices marked A,B and C,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.(8 marks)8. A.The coffee table B. The couch C.The desk9.A.This Friday B.This weekday C.Monday throughFriday10.A.In Hong Kong B.In the mail C.With Susan11.By train B.By bus C.By plane12.A.He has poor eyesight B.The newspaper has been sold outC.There are no English magamines13.A.Get to the train station B.Get out of the heatC.Take a walk14.A.Baked goods B.A building C.A restaurant15.A.Lend Paul her computers B.Sell him an adapterC.Ask a friwnd for helpSectionC: In this section, you will hear one long conversation.The conversation will be played only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one—minute pause.During the pause,read the five questions,each with three choices marked A,B and C, and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the correspoonding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe centre.(5marks)Questions 16 to 20 are bsed on the conversation you hace just heard.16.Where does this conversation probably take place?A.At jane’sB.At an office.C.At a bar17.How much does the most expensive wine cost?A.Almost $1,600B.Nearly $6,000C.Around $60,00018.What does Jane say about the most expensivewine?A.It is the oldest wineB.It is over 2oo years old.C.It was produced in Washington,D.C19.What does the man think about the wine?A.It’s very special.B.It’s too expensive.C.It;s better than buyinga house.20.What is said that Thomas Jefferson did with the wine?A.He introduced it to George Washington.B.He keat several bottles of it in Washington.C.He passed the wine down to his descendants.SectionD: In this section,there is a short passage. Listen to the passage carefully, and then fill in the blanks with the words or phrases you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Good morning and welcome. I’m here today to talk about time management.My aim i8s to (21)____ some techniques which will help you to use your time more efficiently.Time is (22)____ money, people and equipment. It’s a limited(23)____. Time management is about making the best(24)_____use of it. So,what are the (25)____of time management?Today we’re going to look at three fundamental steps.The first step is to (26)____ how you use your time now.This requires a methodical approach. Break your day into half hour periods. Record what you do in each period.The mext step id to prioritise.Take the tasks which genuinely(270____and put them in order of priority –whih are the most important,which are (28)____.(29)____, organize your time and your tasls. Ask yourself ―How much time will I need?‖Be realistic because work tends to expand to fill the time (30)____.Part ⅡVocabulary and Structures (10 minutes,15 marks) There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank, there are four choices marked A,,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.31.We had an exciting _____ on the Trans—Siberian railway last week.a.travel B.trip C.tour D.cruise32.I have an urgent problem and I need to call mu parents, buty I’m afraid I haven’t got _____ change –only a $10 note. Willl you di me a _____?A.any;favourB.a lot;helpC.some;handD.a few;support33.We still couldn’t hear Professor Wang clearly at the business lecture, so we asked him to speak_____.A, sloe B.more slow C.slower D.more slowly34.The pilot succeeded in _____the helicopter_____ the cliff.A.stopping;atB.mending;inC.flying;onnding;on35._____my husband and I _____ down the road yesterday evening, we herd a woman scream.A.Since; had walkedB.While; have walkedC.As ; were walkingD.When ; are walking36.He won’t be expecting a present ,so you _____buy him one.A.can’tB.have toC.don’t needD.need’t37.Pierre left without sauying a word to the boss because he cannot stand ____to wait.A.be madeB.to be madeC.being madeD.be making38.Fiona said that she felt quite embarrassed that day beaause she was mot accustomed to _____like that.A.be treatingB.have been treatedC.being treatedD.be treated39. I saw a comic film,_____ was very amusing, last Saturday. Infact, it was the best film ____ I’ve wver seen.A.which;whatB.that;whichC.which;thatD.that;what40.It seems that you’ve caught a bad cold.You’d better see a doctor,____you?A.hadn’tB.didn’tC.wouldn’tD.don ’t41.Mr.Smith managed to eat lunch____having bad an enormous breakfast.A.despiteB.sinceC.becauseD.although42.If it rains on Saturday,we shall have to____the match for a week.A.bring onB.put awayC.take offD.put off43.He is not satisfied with his exam results and wishes he ____harder for his exams.A.has studiedB.would studyC.studiesD.had studied44.-Do you want to eat out tonight or shall we cook something?-____I can’t afford to eat out again.A.I really need a coffeeB.Let’s cookC.let’s do that thenD.That’s would be nice45.-He locked himself out of his car yesterday.-Oh,he’s always doing things like that._______A.He’s a lovely personB.He’s very carelessC.He’s always happyD.He’s quite generousPart III Reading Comprehension(20 minutes,40 marks) SectionA:There is one passage in this section with 5 questions.For each of them,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice.Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre(5 marks)Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The main topic of last week ’s meeting was a suggestion boxes.All departments in the factory are to have labeled suggestion boxes.At the meeting,it was obvious that the employees’suggestions would not only save the company money,but would do much to lift spirit and streamline production.To further this process,the suggestion box idea was adopted.Forms for the suggestions are tobe kept inside the box .When employees fill out a form,they should clearly state which situation they are trying to improve,list all deta,and then offer a solution,stating how the company would benefit.Forms will then be collected each month by the department heads,who will then pass them on to the plant manager.Where necessary,the plant manager will consult with the respective departments to gather any relevant data.If applicable,the matter will then be passed on to the finance department for approval.A bonus will be paid to employees for any suggestions that are adopted.The amount of the bonus will be in proportion with the savings to the company.Questions:46.What is the topic of the report?A.A meetingB.spiritC.ProductionD.A new system47.Why has the company decided to use suggestion boxes?A.To take advantage of the employees’ideas.B.To minimize customer complaintsC.To take some of the burden off department headsD.To calm the finance department.48.How do the employees get the suggestion slips?A.By requesting then from department heads.B.By applying to the plant managerC.By looking in the suggestion box itselfD.By asking the director of finance49.What is the plant manager supposed to do?A.Review each suggestion with the employeeB.Issue bonus checksC.Pass the suggestions to the finance departmentD.Collect relevant data if necessary50.What should employees specifically include in their suggestions?A.The names of troublesome coworkersB.How long the problem has existedC.What they consider is an appropriate bonusD.A description of what they would like to changeSection B:In this section,there is one passage followed by 5 statements.Go over the passage quickly and mark the answers on the Answer Sheet.For Answer 51-55,markT(for TRUE) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;F(for FALSE)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage.(5 marks)Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Dear Advisor:Should She Propose?Dear AdvisorMy boyfriend and I just celebrated three years together.I want to ask him to marry me .My friends say I shouldn’t.They say that only desperate women propose marriage.Are they right?Nervous in New Jersey Dear Nervous，Your friends are not right.Today it is fine for a woman to propose to a man.In 2003,the Korbel Champagne Company conducted a survey. They asked,‖Should woman ask men to marry them?‖ Sixty-seven percent of American said they would.―Would you propose a woman’proposal?‖Almost 80 percent said yes. Thirtyt-one percent of women know a woman who has proposed to a man.Experts generally agree. D.r Linda O’Connor has a radio talk show about love and marrage. O’Conn or says that women who propose are usually educated and self-confi-dent.. In addition, their boyfriend usually like stong women with a lot of self-confidence may need some help with their proposalsl. Here is her advice. First, the proposal should not be a surprise. The relationship should be serious. She also advises women to do two more things. They should write out the proposal and practice it before they ask for their boyfriends’hands in marriage.How would Susan Fine answer you? If you and your boyfriend are happy, do not pay attention to your friends. And don’t invite them to the weeding.The Advisor Statements:51. ―Nervous in New Jersey‖ wrote to Susan Fine.52―Nervous in New Jersey‖ wants to get married.53. ― In 2003 most women said that only m en should propose to women.54.Dr.Linda O’Connor is a lawyer.55. The advisor told ―Nervous in New Jersey ‖to propose to her boyfriend.Section C:Read the passage carefully and answer Questions 56 to 63. Answer each question in a maximum of 10 words.Remember to write the answer on the er Answer Sheet.( 16marks)Perserving the PastToday ,many old buildings are being torn down so new ones can be built. But some older buildings are both beautiful and intereting. They need to be save.The city of San Antonio, Texas, was settled by the Spanish in the early 1700s. Later, it was governed by Mexico. If you go to the San Antonio,you can see many missions or churches that were built by the Spanish.All were started beweet 1720 and 1731. You can also find other buildings from early period in the history of Texas. Some of these buildings are still standing because a group of women worked to save them.In 1924, the city of San Antonio was going to cement over the San Antonio River and turn it into an underground sewer. A group of women felt that the beauty of San Antonio should be preserved. They formed a club to keep the river from being destroyed.The women saved the river. Then they worked together to preserve several old buildings that were going to be torn down. In the 1930s,the women saved an old mill and granary. They raised money to buy these buildings by giving tea and selling cakes.More cently, the ladies in San Antonio have worked to save a Spanish convient.They could not afford to buy the whole buildings,so they paid for only half .Even so, the women are still looking for other old buildings to save. They want peoper to know about the city’s long and intereting history.Questions:56.What is passage mainly about ?57.What does the word ones in Sentence 1 refer to58. When was San Antonio in Texas settled ?59. What can you see if you go to San Antonio ?60. The word in Paragraph 3 that means saved is .61.How did the women raised money to buy old buildings ?62. Why did the women want to save the San Antonio River ?63. Why have the women worked to save the river and old buildings?Section D:In this section , there is one passage followed by a summary . For Answers 64 to 70 , please read the passage carefully and complete each space in the summary , using a maximum of three words from the passage . Remember to write the answer on the Answer Sheet .(14 marks)Answer 64 to 70 are based on the following passage.Around the world , music therapy is being used to different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain , such as childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding to overcome disabities.Classical music is most typically used for therapy due to ite complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or pop might be fun to listen to, it’s unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Playing a music instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.Have scientists been able to prove that music can hea diseaes? Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins. Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of new born babies and even babies still in the mother’s womb. Currently, music therapy is used in a variety of setting such as hospitals, rehabilitation centers ,nursing homes, day care centers, and schools.Summary:There appears to be some evidence that music is helpful (64) some medical conditions. Therefore, doctors dand patients are turning to (65) to treat various(66) and disabilities. Doctors believe thatmusic with (67) and patterns is more effective. This kind of music seems to (68) more activity in the brain. Although it may be (69) to listen to rap or pop or dance music, doctors prefer to use (70) to treat patients.Part IV Cloze(15 minutes,15marks)Scetion A:Read the following passage carefully, and then fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given on the right. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(5marks)Section B: There are 10 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the missing word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and decide which word best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answer on the Answer Sheet.(10 marks)The Museum of ChilhoodThere are 4,000 toys in London’s Museum of Childhood,but it is not essential to be a child to enjoy it. Most of zhe older toys were (76) me to be played with by adults.All the toys live in a beautifull glsstopped (77)bu in the East End of London but it wasn’tbulit for them .It wasn’t until 1974 that the(79)wh building was officially devoted to the histoy of the childhood.Once upon a time ,every toy was homemade,although by the late 1700s a huge toy industry had (80)dev .Many home-made toys wer made of metal and wood and a few of these have lasted well enough for the museum to display them.It even has oneof the oldest dools’ houses still in(81)exi,made in 1673.Ther e’s something for everyone, including the 18th century toy theatre and the miniature Chinese gardens, containing tiny (82)ani .Whichever is your favorite, each exhibit enables you to catch a (83)gil of the people and world it was made for.The 35 or so workers at the museum take great care to make sure that all of the exhibit are preserved in good working order.And sa(84) f he 500 new toys that move in every year from all over the world -nobody has ever heard a (85)sin one complaining.Part V Translation (15 minutes,15 marks)Section A:Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese.Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.(8 marks)Rcently, I saw a heading for an Internet article that read,‖If only I’d bought that stock…..‖Well, sure, hingsight is wonderfull! We all habe it. But the line made me think:(86)How much time do we spend thinking of the many ―if only‖ in our lives? How many regrets flit thoughts? Everyone harbors a few-if only I hadn’t missed this; if only I’d found the time to do that ;(87)if only I’d been first with that idea, instead of just a little too late.―If onlys ‖are exercises in futility. I think it’s better to foll our reveries with all we are glad we did do. Such as, I’m so glad I met my husband. I’m so glad I was born in this time,in this place, to these parents. (88) I’m so glad I have the loving extended family who have been among my greatest blessings.I’m so glad I planted that spindly little magnolia tree 20 years ago. (89)Now it lifts up its arms to the sky and fills my view with pink-and-white beauty. I’m so glad my grandfather planted apple trees 100 years ago. They ,too, are a wonder to behold in any season-alive with honeybees among the blossoms in spring, studded with burgeoning fruit in summer, and weighed low with their delicious rosy bounty in September.Section B:Translate the following sentencesinto English,using the words given in the brackets.Remember to write the anwsers on the anwser sheet.(7 marks)90.谢谢您的邀请，但是恐怕我无法应邀出席。
2008年英语专业四级试题真题及答案详解
2008年英语专业四级试题真题及答案详解发布时间：2008-06-19 C. Long-distance callers. D. Government officials.PART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.Salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31) ______ to use as money, (32) ______ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33) ______ necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34) ______, were used as money in some countries until recent (35) ______, and cakes of salt (36) ______ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37) ______ as money at some time (38) ______ another over the greater part of the Old World, These were (39) ______ mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)______ from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41) ______ coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries (42) ______ paper money. It can either be exchanged (43) ______ goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44) ______ in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called “cash”. The (45) ______ of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old —older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have (46) ______ nearly all the more picturesque (47) ______ of money, and (48) ______ in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial (49) ______ such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50) ______ money willsoon be found only in museums.(31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category(32) A. but B. and C. so D. even(33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute(34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size(35) A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never(37) A. had been used B. are usedC. would be usedD. would have been(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or(39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised(40) A. city B. district C. community D. continent(41) A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded(42) A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with(43) A. against B. as C. in D. for(44) A. often B. seldom C. really D. much(45) A. earlier B. earliest C. better D. best(46) A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered(47) A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms(48) A. while B. although C. because D. if(49) A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies(50) A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crudePART IV GRAMMER &VOCABULARY (15MIN)There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentences.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunitiesfor the disabled, will publish ______ proposals in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ______ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get53. Nine is to three ______ three is to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what54. Men differ from animals ______ they can think and speak.A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which55. ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind tofinish his assignment.A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though much56. I enjoyed myself so much ______ I visited my friends in Paris last year.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.B. Halfbis money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party.58. When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on my desk, ______?A. do youB. don’t youC. will youD. won’t you59. What does “He wisely refused to spend his money” mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn’t want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.60. They stood chatting together aseasily and naturally as ______.A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was61. The following are all correct responses to “Who told the news to the teacher?” EXCEPT______.A. Jim did this.B. Jim did so.C. Jim did that.D. Jim did.62. Quality is ______ counts most.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where63. In his plays Shakespeare ______ his characters live through their language.A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ______ the size of St. Peter’sin Rome.A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of65. Which o f the following sentences expresses “probability”?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o’clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.66. When he first started in university, he really felt at ______ with his major —economics.A. shoreB. bankC. oceanD. sea67. On the road motorists should be aware of cyclists and be ______ towards them.A. considerableB. consideringC. considerateD. considered68. Sally was a bit shy, but the teacher found her quite ______ discussing a recent filmwith others.A. at homeB. at mostC. at houseD. at heart69. The company has capitalized ______ the error of judgment made by its business competitor.A. inB. overC. withD. on70. Tim has failed three courses this semester, so he will have to ______ them next semester.A. remakeB. repeatC. reapplyD. revise71. Keep this reference book; it may come in ______ one day.A. handyB. usefulC. convenientD. helpful72. The questions that the speaker raised were well ______ the average adult.A. pastB. onC. beyondD. through73. Teachers in this school were encouraged to use drama as a(n) ______ of learning.A. designB. instrumentC. agencyD. tool74. First, we need to find out what his scheme is, and then act ______.A. sensitivelyB. imaginativelyC. efficientlyD. accordingly75. At first Jim was not quite clear what he was going to do after university, but now heseems ______ on becoming a computer programmer.A. fitB. setC. disposedD. decided76. When invited to talk about his achievements, he refused to blow his own ______ anddeclined to speak at the meeting.A. trumpetB. whistleC. bugleD. flute77. In spite of the treatment, the pain in his leg grew in ______.A. gravityB. extentC. intensityD. amount78. Bus services between Town Centre and Newton Housing Estate will be ______ until themotorway is repaired.A. discontinuedB. suspendedC. haltedD. ceased79. The moon, being much nearer to the Earth than the Sun, is the ______ cause of the tides.A. principalB. basicC. initialD. elementary80. Teddy came to my ______ with a cheque of $200 to pay my room rate, after I phoned himthat my wallet had been stolen.A. attendanceB. assistanceC. rescueD. safetyPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25MIN)In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the bestanswer.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AWhen the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on the Amstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a watertaxi.But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops, touristsgather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they’reall within a short cab ride of each other.For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is the Royal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall.But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seekers. Hip pop or funk music begins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs in Europe.So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don’t shut down until 4 am.And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to t our the city. Don’t worry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdam speak English and are happy to help you with directions.And you’ll notice that half the people in the streets are on bicycles. They rent for US$17to $20 for a whole day.Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between US$2 and $9.50, you’can use the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the “Venice of the North”.You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow four-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are severalcenturies old.You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking. Masterpieces by Dutch artists such as Rembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display at the Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others.The city has an appreciation of its historic past. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne’s original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years.81. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that ______.A. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city.B. parties go on all day long in Amsterdam.C. Amsterdam presents two different pictures.D. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors.82. Which tourist attraction is cited for elaboration in Paragraphs Four and Five?A. Royal Palace.B. Dam Square.C. Club Paradiso.D. Magna Plaza.83. According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPT______.A. they are party goers.B. they show hospitality.C. they can speak English.D. they are fond of cycling.84. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Amsterdam as a tourist city?A. Modern.B. Delightful.C. Quiet.D. Historic.TEXT BIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being “tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics.” Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: “to promise or show somethi ng desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope.” Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word’s origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word’s origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning “to tease or torment by arousing desire”?Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn’t hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger!When someone speaks of a “jovial mood” or a “herculean effort,” he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, andThursday was originally Thor’s day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements. Several other elementshave names that come from mythology, too.It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.85. The purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph One is ______.A. to describe the work of some Chinese scholars.B. to arou se readers’ interest in hieroglyphics.C. to lead readers onto the main theme.D. to link the preceding part to the present one.86. We leam from the passage, all English dictionaries include ______.A. legends.B. mythology.C. word origins.D. word definitions.87. The example of tantalize is to show ______.A. how the word came into existence.B. how Tantalus was punished in the lower world.C. how all English dictionaries show word origins.D. how the meaning of the word changed over the years.88. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myths orlegends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March.89. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B. Mythological Origins of English Words.C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D. Mythology and Common Words.TEXT CMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. I’m an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren’t quite ready to letme in yet.“Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber,” the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Canada whe n I’d flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was startledthat I was being sent “in back” once again.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, “Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who’s on our wanted list. We’re going to have to check you out with Washington.”“How long will it take?”“Hard to say ... a few minutes,” he said. “We’ll call you when we’re ready for you.”After an hour, Washington still hadn’t decided anything about me. “Isn’t thiscomputerized?” I asked at the counter. “Can’t you just look me up?”Just a few more minutes, they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. “No phones!” he said. “For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information.”“I’m just a university professor,” I said. My voice came out in a squeak.“Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day.”I put my phone away.My husband and I were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, even a flightattendant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: “I’m an American citizen; a novelist;I probably teach English literature to your children.” Or would that all be counted against me?After two hours in detention, I was appr oached by one of the officers. “You’re free to go,” he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still inshock. Then we leaped to our feet.“Oh, one more thing.” He handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it. “If you weren’t happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency.”“Will they respond?” I asked.“I don’t know —I don’t know of anyone who’s ever written to them before.” Then he added, “By the way, this will probably keep happening each time you travel internationally.”“What can I do to keep it from happening again?”He smiled the empty smile we’d seen all day. “Absolutely nothing.”After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice l’ve heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn’t stick me in what he called “the ethnic ghetto” — a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone’s personal and professional identity —just like the town you’re bom in and the placewhere you’re raised.Like my father, I’ll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being anAmerican would ever be this hard.90. The author was held at the airport because ______.A. she and her husband returned from Jamaica.B. her name was similar to a terrorist’s.C. she had been held in Montreal.D. she had spoken at a book event.91. She was not allowed to call her friends because ______.A. her identity hadn’t been confirmed yet.B. she had been held for only one hour and a haitiC. there were other families in the waiting room.D. she couldn’t use her own cell phone.92. We leam from the passage that the author would ______ to prevent similar experiencefrom happening again.A. write to the agencyB. change her nameC. avoid traveling abroadD. do nothing93. Her experiences indicate that there still exists ______ in the US.A. hatredB. discriminationC. toleranceD. diversity94. The author sounds ______ in the last paragraph.A. impatientB. bitterC. wordedD. ironicTEXT DPublic speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear;self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of failing in the most publicof ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect.In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might notbe true.Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buying their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that you’ve been cheated.Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana’s funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to helpmost speakers.B ut, being yourself doesn’t work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen,it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience.I remember going to see British psychiatrist R. D. Laing speak in public. He behaved likea seriously odd person, talking off the top of his head. Although he was talking about madnessand he wrote on mental illness, he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it.The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies suggest that this state of “flow”, aspsychologists call it, is very satisfying.95. Women hate public speaking most mainly because of ______.A. their upbringing very early on.B. their inability to appeal to the audience.C. their sense of greater public pressure.D. their sense of greater humiliation.96. “this” in Paragraph Two refers to ______.A. insecurity.B. sense of failure.C. public speaking.D. pressure.97. Which of the fo llowing is NOT the author’s viewpoint?A. Acting like performers spoils the message in a speech.B. Perfection of scripts is necessary in making good impressions.C. Acting naturally means less dependence on the prepared script.D. There should be a balance between actual acting and acting naturally.98. What is the author’s view on personality?A. Personality is the key to success in public speaking.B. Extroverts are better public speakers.C. Introverts have to learn harder to be good speakers.D. Factors other than personality ensure better performance.99. The author implies that while speaking R. D. Laing ______.A. was both too casual and authentic.B. was acting like a performer.C. was keeping a good balance.D. was aware of his audience.100. In the last paragraph the author recommends that ______.A. you forget about your nervousness.B. you feel natural and speak naturally.C. you may feel nervous, but appear naturally.D. you may imagine yourself to be natural.PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)SECTION A COMPOSITION (35 MIN)December 5th is International Volunteers Day. Since 1985, when the United Nations announced the special day, tens of millions of people around the world have volunteered to help those inneed. China now has 4.5 million registered volunteers who have provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. What can you gain from volunteering?Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:The Benefits of VolunteeringYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING (10 MIN)Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:Jane, your classmate, is thinking of subscribing to an English-language newspaper. And you would like to recommend one to her. Write a note, telling her which newspaper it is and describingtwo features of the paper.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.KEYSPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART Ⅲ CLOZEPART IV GRAMMAR ＆VOCABULARYPART V READING COMPREHENSION※※※※※※※※※※※※※ 试题精解※※※※※※※※※※※※※※★ Part I DICTATIONChoosing a CareerWhen students graduate from college, many of them do not know how they want to spend their working lives, and they sometimes move from job to job until they find something that suites them,and of equal importance to which they are suited. Others never find a job in which they are really happy. They remain all their lives, square pegs in round holes. When we choose our careers, we need to ask ourselves two questions. First, what do we think we would like to be? Second, what kind of people are we? The idea, for example, of being a painter or a musician may seem very attractive; but unless we have great talent and are willing to work very hard, we are certain to fail in these occupations and failure will lead to unhappiness in life. So, it is important to assess our suitability for a certain career in job search.★ Part II LISTENING COM PREHENSION◆Section A CONVERSATIONSConversation 1M: Is that Anne Shore?W: Yes, speaking.M: Hello, it’s Eric from London.W: Hello Eric, how can I help you?M: I’m fixing up our next project team meeting and I just wanted to check some possibledates with you.W: Fine, let me just get my diary. Okay, which dates are you looking at?M: I’ve spoken to the others and(1) they prefer either the third week of May or the secondweek of June.W: (1) Yes, both those weeks are pretty clear at the moment, except for the eleventh ofJune.M: Right, I’ve got that.W: So, where’s the meeting taking place this time7M: It was going to be in London, (2) but I spoke to Carlos in Mexico City and he suggested Chicago.He thinks it’ll be more convenient for most of the te am.W: (2) He’s probably right. It would certainly be much easier for me as well because I can fly from Toronto. And I’m sure you could find a meeting room somewhere near the airport.M: That’s a good idea. I’ll check out some hotels in that area and get b ack to you towardsthe end of the week.W: Fine, but I’m not in the office on Friday.M: (3) Okay, I’ll call you later in the afternoon on Thursday.W: No problem, bye!Conversation 2M: We’re having a debate on advertising Thursday evening, and I have to take part.W: That’s interesting; I should like to hear what people think about advertising.M: What is there to say? We must have advertising, mustn’t we?W: Why?M: Well, we wouldn’t know what there was to buy if we didn’t have advertisements.W: Yes, th at’s tree, up to a point. Advertisements provide information that we need. If someone has produced a new article, naturally the seller wants to tell us about it.M: Yes, and the advertisements tell us which product is the best.W: Do they? I don’t think so. (4) Every manufacturer says that his product is the best, or at least tries to give the impression. Only one can be the best, so the others are misleading,aren’t they?M: Well, in a way, I suppose, but we don’t have to believe them, do we?W: Are you sa ying that advertisements aren’t effective? I don’t think that intelligent businessmen would spend millions of dollars on advertising if nobody believed the advertisements,do you?M: Perhaps not, but after all, it’s their money that they’re spending.W: Is it? I think not. (5) The cost of advertising is added to the price of the article.You and I and all the other people who buy the article pay for the advertising.M: Well, I suppose we get something for our money ... some information.W: Yes, but don’t forget it’s often misleading information, and sometimes harmful.M: Harmful?W: What about advertisements designed to persuade young people to smoke cigarettes,wouldn’t you say they’re harmful?。
2008年VCE英语笔试试卷
ENGLISH (ESL)Written examinationFriday 31 October 2008Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes) Writing time: 9.15 am to 12.15 pm (3 hours)TASK BOOKSection Number ofquestions Number of questions to be answered MarksA – Text response (Reading and responding)B – Writing in Context (Creating and presenting)C – A nalysis of language use (Using language topersuade)2041 1 1 1 (2 parts)403030Total 100• Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, rulers and an English and/or bilingual printed dictionary.• Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/or white out liquid/tape.• No calculator is allowed in this examination.Materials supplied• Task book of 16 pages, including Examination assessment criteria on page 16.• Three script books: a yellow book, a purple book and a brown book. All script books contain unruled (rough work only) pages for making notes, plans and drafts if required.Instructions• Write your student number on the front cover of each script book.• You must complete all three sections of the examination.• All answers must be written in English.• You must not write on two fi lm texts.Section A – Text response (Reading and responding)• Write your response in the yellow script book. Write the name of your selected text in the box provided on the front cover of the script book.Section B – Writing in Context (Creating and presenting)• Write your response in the purple script book. Write your Context and the name of your selected text in the boxes provided on the front cover of the script book.Section C – Analysis of language use (Using language to persuade)• Write your response in the brown script book.At the end of the task• Place all script books inside the front cover of one of the used script books.• You may keep this task book.Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.© VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2008Victorian Certi fi cate of Education20082008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM 2SECTION A – Text response (Reading and responding)Instructions for Section ASection A requires students to complete one analytical/expository piece of writing in response to one topic (either i. or ii.) on one selected text.Indicate in the box on the fi rst line of the script book whether you are answering i. or ii.In your response you must refer closely to one selected text from the Text list below.For collections of poetry or short stories, you may choose to write on several poems or shortstories, or on one or two in very close detail, depending on what you think is appropriate.Your response will be assessed according to the criteria set out on page 16 of this book.Section A is worth 40 marks.If you write on a fi lm text in Section A, you must not write on a fi lm text in Section B.SECTION A – continued3 2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAMText list1. A Man for All Seasons ............................................................................................................. Robert Bolt2. Citizen Kane ........................................................................................................... Director: Orson Welles3. Collected Stories............................................................................................................... Beverley Farmer4. Don’t Start Me Talking: Lyrics 1984–2004............................................................................... Paul Kelly5. Generals die in bed .................................................................................................. Charles Yale Harrison6. Great Short Works............................................................................................................. Edgar Allan Poe7. Hard Times........................................................................................................................Charles Dickens8. Home ................................................................................................................................ Larissa Behrendt9. Inheritance .........................................................................................................................Hannie Rayson10. In the Lake of the Woods ....................................................................................................... Tim O’Brien11. Into Thin Air ......................................................................................................................... Jon Krakauer12. Look Both Ways ......................................................................................................... Director: Sarah Watt13. Maestro.......................................................................................................................... Peter Goldsworthy14. Nineteen Eighty-Four......................................................................................................... George Orwell15. Of Love and Shadows .......................................................................................................... Isabel Allende16. King Richard III ....................................................................................................... William Shakespeare17. Romulus, My Father...........................................................................................................Raimond Gaita18. Selected Poems.................................................................................................................. Kenneth Slessor19. Sky Burial......................................................................................................................................... Xinran20. The Kite Runner............................................................................................................... Khaled HosseiniSECTION A – continuedTURN OVER2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM 4SECTION A – continued1. A Man for All Seasonsi. After the execution of Thomas More, the Headsman says:“Behold–the head–of a traitor!”Do you agree with this view of Thomas More?ORii. ‘The play suggests that few people do what is right; most people do what is to their ownadvantage.’Discuss.2. Citizen Kanei. How does the fi lm-maker use light, shadow and sound to create atmosphere and meaning inCitizen Kane ?ORii. Kane says: “If I hadn’t been very rich I might have been a really great man”.To what extent is Kane’s wealth the reason for his disappointments in life?3. Collected Stories (Beverley Farmer)i. ‘These stories are set in different countries but the motives of people are always the same: they putself-interest fi rst.’Discuss.ORii. A character in these stories comments: “Isn’t it sad how cruel life is?”‘In these stories it is not life but the people who are cruel.’Do you agree?4. Don’t Start Me Talking (Paul Kelly)i. ‘Kelly’s lyrics are successful because they strongly connect with the audience’s experience.’ Discuss.ORii. ‘In Paul Kelly’s lyrics, even optimistic people find it difficult to cope in a world that isunpredictable.’Discuss.5. Generals die in bedi. ‘The horrors of life in the trenches are emphasised for the reader by the unemotional reporting styleof the writing.’Discuss.ORii. “Can’t you forget the front for the few days you have before you?”In Generals die in bed , why is it hard for soldiers to enjoy their leave?SECTION A – continuedTURN OVER5 2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM6. Great Short Works (Edgar Allan Poe)i. ‘The men in Poe’s stories have sympathetic and inquiring minds but are unable to be happy orcontent.’Discuss.ORii. ‘In Poe’s stories horri fi c situations and macabre plots seem credible.’Do you agree?7. Hard Timesi. “Facts alone are wanted in life.”How do Mr Gradgrind’s theories affect others?ORii. ‘In Hard Times , Dickens suggests that it is the hypocrites rather than the naive who deserve to beopenly humiliated.’Discuss.8. Homei. “Elizabeth felt that she had lived as three different people within her skin.”‘All the characters in this text must struggle to fi nd a sense of identity.’Discuss.ORii. At the end of the novel, Candice says: “I can tell you a story of triumph . . .”.What is your reading of this text: a story of defeat or of triumph?9. Inheritancei. ‘In this text luck, more than anything else, determines what happens to the characters.’Do you agree?ORii. ‘In Inheritance , we can see that those individuals who are unable to cope with change suffer most.’ Do you agree?10. In the Lake of the Woodsi. The narrative structure of this novel moves backwards and forwards in time and includes a varietyof possible story lines.How does this affect your understanding of the novel?ORii. How do you see Kathy: John’s victim or his accomplice?2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM 6SECTION A – continued11. Into Thin Airi. Does Krakauer write about his experiences of Everest as a journalist thinking about his reader, or asan individual thinking about his own survival?ORii. “The trick is to get back down alive.”‘In Into Thin Air , planning is very important for an expedition to Everest but chance plays an evengreater role in the outcome.’Discuss.12. Look Both Waysi. Does the fi lm-maker’s use of visual imagery and setting help the viewer to understand the concernsof the characters?ORii. ‘In Look Both Ways , the characters learn to think about their lives in new ways.’Do you agree?13. Maestroi. ‘Neither Paul nor Keller gets the life he expects.’Is Maestro mainly a study of disappointment and loss?ORii. “Everything grew larger than life in the steamy hothouse of Darwin, and the people were noexception.”How important is ‘place’ to the people in this novel?14. Nineteen Eighty-Fouri. “. . . the choice for mankind lay between freedom and happiness . . .”Is it possible for any of the characters to be both free and happy in the world of Nineteen Eighty-Four ?ORii. ‘Winston believes that he and Julia will inevitably be captured. Nevertheless readers are surprisedby the brutal ending of Nineteen Eighty-Four .’Discuss.15. Of Love and Shadowsi. How do the characters live in a world in which justice and liberty are not highly valued?ORii. ‘It is Allende’s ability to weave together the characters’ stories that adds emotional depth to this darkand disturbing novel.’Discuss.7 2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAMEND OF SECTION ATURN OVER16. King Richard IIIi. ‘Despite his wickedness, Richard charms the readers or viewers of the play as much as he charmssome of the characters in the play.’Discuss.ORii. Richard says of Anne: “I’ll have her, but I will not keep her long”.How are women portrayed in the play?17. Romulus, My Fatheri. “. . . I never felt that we were poor, although I think we were judged so by others.”‘Despite dif fi culties, Raimond always views his life positively.’Discuss.ORii. Raimond says of his father: “Always he feared for someone else, most often for me, but never forhimself ”.As a reader, do you agree with Raimond’s comment about his father?18. Selected Poems (Kenneth Slessor)i. ‘Slessor’s poetry reveals his twofold view of life: regret at its brevity and appreciation of itsrichness.’Discuss.ORii. ‘Slessor’s poems convey how well he observes things: things of the present, things of the past andfar away places.’Discuss.19. Sky Buriali. ‘Sky Burial shows that how we live makes us who we are.’How does Tibetan life shape the characters in this book?ORii. How well do the women in Sky Burial cope with hostile environments and the absence of love?20. The Kite Runneri. Does living in the United States of America change Amir’s understanding of his childhood inAfghanistan?ORii. “. . . better to get hurt by the truth than comforted with a lie.”‘The Kite Runner shows how destructive secrets can be, especially to family relationships.’ Discuss.2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM 8This page is blank9 2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM SECTION B – Writing in Context (Creating and presenting)Instructions for Section BSection B requires students to write for a nominated audience and purpose.In your writing, you must draw on ideas suggested by one of the following four Contexts.Your writing must draw directly from the selected text you have studied for this Context, and bebased on the ideas in the prompt.Your response may be an expository, persuasive or imaginative piece of writing.If you write on a selected fi lm text in Section A, you must not write on a selected fi lm text inSection B.Section B is worth 30 marks.Your response will be assessed according to the criteria set out on page 16 of this book.SECTION B – continuedTURN OVER2008 ENGL(ESL) EXAM 10Context 1 – The imaginative landscape1. Fly Away Peter ..................................................................................................................... David Malouf2. Island............................................................................................................................... Alistair MacLeod3. Jindabyne ............................................................................................................. Director: Ray Lawrence4. The Poetry of Robert Frost..................................................................................................... Robert FrostPrompt‘Events and experiences infl uence the ways we connect to place.’TaskYou are on work experience* with a journalist for a daily newspaper. You have been invited to write an article which will be published in that daily newspaper.In your article, explore the idea that events and experiences infl uence the ways we connect to place. You must draw on ideas and issues suggested by your selected text from the list above.*‘Work experience’ is the term used when students work under supervision in a workplace.ORContext 2 – Whose reality?5. A Streetcar Named Desire........................................................................................... Tennessee Williams6.Enduring Love ....................................................................................................................... Ian McEwan7.Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.............................................................. Director: Michel Gondry8.The Shark Net ...................................................................................................................... Robert DrewePrompt‘We can evade “reality” but we cannot avoid the consequences of doing this.’TaskYou are on work experience* with a journalist for a daily newspaper. You have been invited to write an article which will be published in that daily newspaper.In your article, explore the idea that we can evade “reality” but we cannot avoid the consequences of doing this. You must draw on ideas and issues suggested by your selected text from the list above.*‘Work experience’ is the term used when students work under supervision in a workplace.ORSECTION B – continuedContext 3 – Encountering confl ict9.Omagh ...................................................................................................................... Director: Peter Travis10.The Crucible..........................................................................................................................Arthur Miller11.The Line ............................................................................................................ Arch and Martin Flanagan12.The Secret River.................................................................................................................. Kate GrenvillePrompt‘In times of confl ict ordinary people can behave in extraordinary ways.’TaskYou are on work experience* with a journalist for a daily newspaper. You have been invited to write an article which will be published in that daily newspaper.In your article, explore the idea that in times of confl ict ordinary people can behave in extraordinary ways. You must draw on ideas and issues suggested by your selected text from the list above.*‘Work experience’ is the term used when students work under supervision in a workplace.ORContext 4 – Exploring issues of identity and belonging13.Bombshells ............................................................................................................... Joanna Murray-Smith14.Sometimes Gladness ............................................................................................................... Bruce Dawe15.The Catcher in the Rye ........................................................................................................... J D Salinger16.Witness......................................................................................................................... Director: Peter WeirPrompt‘Our relationships with others help us to defi ne who we are.’TaskYou are on work experience* with a journalist for a daily newspaper. You have been invited to write an article which will be published in that daily newspaper.In your article, explore the idea that our relationships with others help us to defi ne who we are. You must draw on ideas and issues suggested by your selected text from the list above.*‘Work experience’ is the term used when students work under supervision in a workplace.END OF SECTION BTURN OVERThis page is blankSECTION C – Analysis of language use (Using language to persuade)Instructions for Section CSection C consists of two parts.Parts 1 and 2 are equally weighted.Section C is worth 30 marks.Carefully read the opinion piece ‘A word from our coach . . .’ and then complete both parts.Your response will be assessed according to the criteria set out on page 16 of this book.TASKPart 1Write a note-form summary of ‘A word from our coach . . .’ found on pages 14 and 15.Your response must be in note form. Do not use complete sentences.ANDPart 2Write a piece of prose that explains how language and visual features have been used in ‘A word from our coach . . .’ to attempt to persuade readers about three of the main points in the coach’s article.Background informationThe following newsletter was distributed to the parents and supporters of a local sports club at the beginning of the new season.It was written because of the bad behaviour of some spectators in the previous season. Because of this bad behaviour, many parents are unwilling to help at the club.SECTION C – continuedTURN OVERDue to copyright restriction,this material is not supplied.SECTION C – continuedDue to copyright restriction,this material is not supplied.END OF SECTION CTURN OVERExamination assessment criteriaThe examination will address all the criteria. All student responses will be assessed against each criterion.The extent to which the response is characterised by:Section A – Text response (Reading and responding)• detailed knowledge and understanding of the selected text, demonstrated appropriately in response to the task• development in the writing of a coherent and effective structure in response to the task• control in the use of expressive and effective language appropriate to the taskSection B – Writing in Context (Creating and presenting)• understanding of the ideas and/or arguments relevant to the prompt• effective use of detail from the selected text as appropriate to the task• development in the writing of a coherent and effective structure in response to the task, and appropriate to the purpose, form, and audience• control in the use of language appropriate to the purpose, form and audienceSection C – Analysis of language use (Using language to persuade)• understanding of the ideas and points of view in the material presented• analysis of ways in which language and visual features are used to present a point of view and to persuade readers• control of the mechanics of the English language to support meaningEND OF TASK BOOK。
ISO9001：2008基础知识考试试题
ISO9001：2008基础知识考试试题第一篇：ISO9001：2008基础知识考试试题ISO9001：2008基础知识考试试题（一）部门：姓名：得分：评分人一、填空题（共20分）1、ISO是国际标准化组织的简称，成立于1947年，总部在瑞士的日内瓦。
3、我公司推行的质量管理体系是ISO9001：2008 ISO14001:2004。
4、我公司的管理者代表是先生。
二、判断题（共20分）1、推行质量管理体系是总经理的事情，普通员工无须了解。
（×）2、ISO9000应全员参与，包括财务部人员及清洁工。
（√）3、ISO9000的产生是市场竞争中产品质量成为主要竞争手段的产物。
（×）4、在品质管理的发展过程中形成“产品质量是管理出来的”出现于20世纪60年代末。
（√）5、“以顾客为中心”是ISO9000族标准的八项原则之一。
（√）6、ISO9001：2008标准是建立在PDCA循环的基础上的。
（√）7、ISO9001：2008标准包括ISO9004：2000标准的所有内容。
（√）8、用来描述物料是如何检验的《来料检验规范》属于二级文件。
（×）9、ISO9000系列标准到目前为止总共经过三次修订。
（√）10、过程就是利用资源，将输入转化为输出的一组相互关联或相互作用的活动。
（√）三、选择题（共20分）1.产品要求可由（）A.顾客提出要求B.组织预测顾客的要求规定C.法规规定D.A+B+C2.质量管理体系的评价方法是（）A.质量管理体系过程的评价B.体系审核C.管理评审D.自我评定E.A+B+C+D3.不合格与缺陷的定义（）A.完全相同B.完全不同C.不合格包含了缺陷D.缺陷是严重不合格4.在规定活动圆满完成前可放行或交付产品，但必须（）A.由组织的领导特批B.得到有关授权人员的批准C.适用时经顾客批准D.B+C5.质量管理体系文件包括（）A.质量手册和标准要求的程序文件B.组织为确保其过程有效策划、运作、和控制所需的文件C.形成文件的质量方针和质量目标D.标准所要求的记录E.A+B+C+D四、简答题（共40分）1、请说出公司的质量方针是什么？2、请说出ISO9000族标准的八项管理原则答：1、以顾客为中心2、领导作用3、全员参与4、过程方法5、管理系统过程6、持续改进7、基本事实得决策方法8、与供方建立互利关系3、请讲述推行ISO9000对企业和个人的益处？答：对企业的利益：使企业和国际接轨，更好的达到客户的满意，使企业有持续的发展。
2008年国际货运代理(理论与实务)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2008年国际货运代理（理论与实务）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单选题 2. 判断题 3. 多选题 4. 问答题 5. 计算题 6. 案例分析题7. 操作题单项选择题每小题0.5分。
以下备选答案中只有一项最符合题目要求，不选、错选均不得分。
1．我国某货主委托货运代理人安排货物出口事宜，由于货主所提供的货物资料不清楚，造成货运代理人在办理货物出口申报时资料被退回，影响了货物的正常出运。
为此造成货主的损失，应当由( )承担。
A．货运代理人B．报关行C．船公司D．货主正确答案：D解析：根据我国有关法律法规和业务活动实践操作，货运代理人经被代理人授权，在该授权范围内，以被代理人的名义从事代理行为时，所产生的法律后果由被代理人承担。
本题由于货主所提供的货物资料不清楚影响货物的正常出运，货主应自己承担相应损失。
2．根据中国国际货运代理协会制定的标准交易条件的规定，货运代理公司对货物迟延引起的索赔，如根据标准交易条件无法免责，其赔偿限额为迟延货物所收取运费的( )。
A．1倍B．1．5倍C．2倍D．2．5倍正确答案：A解析：中国国际货运代理协会标准交易条件对货运代理责任限制作出如下两点规定：①货物灭失、损坏、错运、错交或因此产生索赔的货物，以其毛重量每千克2SDR计算；②因货物迟延引起的索赔，如根据标准交易条件无法免责的，则赔偿限额为公司对迟延货物所收取的运费。
3．下列关于国际货运代理协会联合会的描述，不正确的是( )。
A．是非营利性的国际性货运代理行业组织B．是政府间的国际性货运代理行业组织C．维护国际货运代理人的利益，促进行业发展D．协调全球货运代理行业活动正确答案：B解析：国际货运代理协会联合会是一个非营利性的国际性的非政府货运代理行业组织。
4．在国际贸易中，由于交易的商品种类繁多，特点各异，表示品质的方法也不相同，概括起来主要包括以实物表示和凭说明约定两大类。
下列( )不属于凭说明表示商品品质的范畴。
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2008 年春季学期研究生课程考试试题
注意行为规范
遵守考场纪律
考试科目：超大规模集成电路
学生所在院（系）：航天学院微电子科学与技术
学生所在学科：微电子学与固体电子学
1.在反相器设计中，当PMOS和NMOS为长沟道器件或电源电压V DD较低时不发
生速度饱和（即V M－V T<V DSA T）。
请推导反相器的电压传输特性（VTC）中开关阈值V M的表达式。
（PMOS和NMOS的阈值电压分别为V Tp和V Tn，增益因子分别为k p＝－μp C ox(W/L)p和k n＝μn C ox(W/L)n）（6分）
2.设计反相器链的尺寸（考虑通常情况自载γ＝1）：（12分）
a．为了使最小尺寸门（输入电容为Ci=10fF）能够驱动一个大的负载C L＝10pF，在其中插入两级buffer，如图所示，设最小反相器的延迟t p0＝70ps，并假设门
的输入电容正比于门的尺寸，请确定两个插入的buffer的尺寸以使总的传输
延迟最小，此时反相器链的总延迟是多少？
b．如果可以改变插入buffer的个数（级数），为了使反相器链达到最小的延迟，需要插入多少级buffer，在这种情况下，其总的最小延迟是多少？
c．比较a和b方案的优缺点。
3.采用全静态CMOS逻辑电路实现下述逻辑：Y=(A&B)|(A&C&E)，并画出其版图。
（10分）
4.采用动态CMOS电路形式设计一个1位全加器，并说明工作原理。
（8分）
5.说明如图a和b的电路的功能及工作原理，它们之间的根本区别是什么？（10分）
（a）
clk
!clk
!clk
clk
Q M
C1 C2
Q
D
M1
M3
M4
M2 M6
M8
M7
M5
Master Slave
In Out
C L = 10pF
10fF
1 ? ?
（1代表最小门的尺寸）
（b ）
6. 说明乘法器设计中的4-2压缩的结构，并采用4-2压缩技术，画出8×8的乘法器的Wallace 树结构。
（10分）
7. 说明6管SRAM 单元的结构、工作原理（读和写操作），以及保证正确的读写操作的设计原则是什么？（8分）
8. 说明DRAM 中单管动态存储单元和三管动态存储单元的工作原理，比较他们之间的不同点。
（6分）
9. 一个比较器的主极点在103rad/sec ，直流增益Av ＝104，转换速率（slew rate ）为1V/ s ，输出摆幅为1V ，假设施加到输入的信号为10mV ，请计算此比较器的传输延迟。
（提示：需要考虑小信号和大信号特性的情况；主极点ωc ＝1/τc ）(10分)
10. 说明10位R-2R 型电流型DAC 的工作原理，此10位DAC 的最大动态范围（DR ）为多少dB ，如果此DAC 的实际SNR 为55dB ，则此DAC 的ENOB 为多少？（10分）
11. 设计一个10位折叠ADC （4位粗量化），说明结构原理，并且与同样精度的Flash 型ADC 比较，可以节省多少个比较器？（10分）
D
Q。