浙江省2018年中考试题(杭州卷)

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浙江省杭州市2018年中考数学真题试题(含答案)

浙江省杭州市2018年中考数学真题试题一、选择题（本题有10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1. 3-=（）A. 3B. 3-C. 31D. 31- 2.数据1800000用科学计数法表示为（）A.68.1B.6108.1⨯C. 51018⨯D. 61018⨯3.下列计算正确的是（） A. 222= B. 222±= C. 242= D. 242±=4.测试五位学生“一分钟跳绳”成绩，得到五个各不相同的数据，统计时，出现了一处错误：将最高成绩写得更高了。

计算结果不受影响的是（）A.方差B. 标准差C. 中位数D. 平均数5.若线段 AM ，AN 分别是ABC ∆边上的高线和中线，则（）A.AN AM >B. AN AM ≥C. AN AM <D. AN AM ≤6.某次知识竞赛共有20道题，规定：每答对一题得+5分，每答错一题得-2分，不答的题得0分。

已知圆圆这次竞赛得了60分，设圆圆答对了x 道题，答错了y 道题，则（）A. 20=-y xB. 20=+y xC. 6025=-y xD. 6025=+y x7.一个两位数，它的十位数字是3，个位数字是抛掷一枚质地均匀的骰子（六个面分别有数字1~6）朝上一面的数字。

任意抛掷这枚骰子一次，得到的两位数是3的倍数的概率等于（） A. 61 B. 31C. 21 D. 32 8.如图，已知点P 矩形ABCD 内一点（不含边界），设1θ=∠PAD ，2θ=∠PBA ，3θ=∠PCB ，4θ=∠PDC ，若︒=∠︒=∠50,80CPD APB ,则（）A.()︒=++30-3241θθθθ）（ B. ()︒=++40-3142θθθθ）（ C.()︒=++70-4321θθθθ）（ D. ()︒=+++1804321θθθθ）（ 9.四位同学在研究函数是常数）c b c bx ax y ,(2++=时，甲发现当1=x 时，函数有最小值；乙发现1-是方程02=++c bx ax 的一个根；丙发现函数的最小值为3；丁发现当2=x 时，4=y .已知这四位同学中只有一位发现的结论是错误的，则该同学是（）A. 甲B.乙C. 丙D.丁10.如图，在ABC ∆中，点D 在AB 边上，BC DE //，与边AC 交于点E ，连结BE ，记BCEADE ∆∆,的面积分别为21,S S ，（）A. 若AB AD >2，则2123S S >B. 若AB AD >2，则2123S S <C. 若AB AD <2，则2123S S >D. 若AB AD <2，则2123S S <二、填空题（本大题共有6个小题，每小题4分，共24分）11.计算：=-a a 312.如图，直线b a //，直线c 与直线b a ,分别交于A,B ，若︒=∠451，则=∠213.因式分解：()()=---a b b a 214.如图，AB 是⊙的直径，点C 是半径OA 的中点，过点C 作AB DE ⊥，交O 于点D 、E 两点，过点D 作直径DF ，连结AF ，则=∠DFA15.某日上午，甲、乙两车先后从A 地出发沿一条公路匀速前往B 地，甲车8点出发，如图是其行驶路程s （千米）随行驶时间t （小时）变化的图象.乙车9点出发，若要在10点至11点之间（含10点和11点）追上甲车，则乙车的速度v （单位：千米/小时）的范围是16.折叠矩形纸片ABCD 时，发现可以进行如下操作：①把ADE ∆翻折，点A 落在DC 边上的点F 处，折痕为DE ，点E 在AB 边上；②把纸片展开并铺平；③把CDG ∆翻折，点C 落在直线AE 上的点H 处，折痕为DG ，点G 在BC 边上，若AB=AD+2，EH=1，则AD=三、简答题（本大题共7个小题，共66分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17.（本题满分6分）已知一艘轮船上装有100吨货物，轮船到达目的地后开始卸货，设平均卸货速度为v （单位：吨0/小时），卸完这批货物所需的时间为t （单位：小时）。

2018年浙江杭州中考英语试卷(含解析)

2018 杭州中考英语试题卷第I 卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)(2018·浙江杭州)第一节（共5 小题.每小题2 分,满分10 分）听下面5段对话，每段对话有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How did the women come?A. By air.B. By train.C. By car.2.Where does the man live?A. In a town.B. In a city.C. In a village.3.Who can play the violin?A. George.B. Helen.C. Alice.4.How many students are there in the woman's school?A.330.B. 350.C. 370.5.What does the man mean?A. The bike is new.B. The bike is expensive.C. The bike is heavy.答案：CCCAB(2018·浙江杭州)第二节（共10 小题，每小题2 分,满分20 分）听下面3段对话或独白，每段对话或独白有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。

6. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Touring a school.B. Visiting a museum.C. Having a picnic.7. Which sign is mentioned in the conversation?A. B. C.8.What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Mom and son.B. Teacher and studentC. Waitress and customer答案：BAB(2018·浙江杭州)听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。

2018年浙江省杭州市中考真题语文试题(答案+解析)

2018年浙江省杭州市中考语文真题1. 下列句中加点字的注音和画线词语的书写全都正确的一项是（）A. 西湖龙井茶的历史可追溯．（suò）到我国唐代，在“茶圣”陆羽撰写的《茶经》中，就有杭州天竺、灵隐二寺产茶的记载．（zǎi）。

B. 鹳鹊楼又称鹳雀楼，因时有鹳雀栖．（xī）息其上而得名，坐落在蒲州（今山西永济）府城；后倾圮，其匾．（biǎn）额移至城楼上。

C. 突如奇来的暴雨带来了丰沛．（pèi）的降水，植物种子纷纷发芽、生长，往日死寂的沙漠不久就变成了绚．（xuàn）丽的花海。

D. 英雄精神既体现在刹．（chà）那间的生死抉择，也体现在经年累．（lěi）月的执着坚守，比如那些默默钻研技术几十载的航天人。

【答案】D【解析】字音重点考核多音字、形声字、形似字、音近字、方言、生僻字等。

字形题从表象上看主要考核双音节词语和成语，有时会考核三字的专业术语和熟语。

A溯（sù）。

B栖（qī）息。

C突如其来。

2. 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

当今的艺术仿佛．．在兴致勃勃地享受一场技术的盛宴，舞台上扑朔迷离．．．．的灯光，3D电影院里上下左右晃动的座椅，魔术师利用光学仪器制造的视觉误差等……①从声光电的全面介入到各种闻所未闻的机械设备，技术的发展速度令人吃惊。

然而，有多少人思考过这个问题：技术到底赋予．．．．的人心——技术增添了哪．．了艺术什么？②关于世界，关于历史，关于神秘莫测些发现？③在许多贪大求奢的文化工程、④文艺演出中，我们不难看到技术崇拜正在形成。

（1）文段中加点的词语，运用不正确的一项是（______）A．仿佛 B．扑朔迷离 C．赋予 D．神秘莫测（2）文段中画线的标点，使用有误的一项是（____）A．① B．② C．③ D．④【答案】 (1) B (2) A【解析】（1）扑朔迷离，指难辨兔的雌雄。

形容事情错综复杂，难以辨别清楚。

不能用来形容灯光。

可改为“光怪陆离”。

【物理】2018年浙江省杭州市中考物理试卷(解析版)

2018年浙江省杭州市中考物理试卷（解析版）一、选择题1．（2018•杭州）一个成年人正常的步行速度大约是（）A．1.2 米/秒B．24 米/秒C．36 千米/秒D．48 分米/秒2．（2018•杭州）大游轮向东匀速直线行驶，小金面朝游轮前进方向，在游轮上的A位置竖直向上起跳，落下时的位置在（不计空气阻力）（）A．A 位置的东侧B．A 位置的西侧C．A 位置D．以上三种情况都有可能3．（2018•杭州）如图，粗糙程度相同的水平地面上，重30牛的物块在AB段受F=10牛的水平拉力作用，向右做匀速直线运动，到B点时撤去水平拉力，物块仍继续运动，到C处静止。

下列说法正确的是（）A．在 AB 段物块受到水平向右的摩擦力，大小为 10 牛B．在 AB 段物块受到水平向左的摩擦力，大小为 20 牛C．在 BC 段物块受到水平向左的摩擦力，大小为 10 牛D．在 C 点物块受到水平向右的摩擦力，大小为 30 牛4．（2018•杭州）如图为掷出的实心球的运动轨迹，实心球离开手后在空中飞行过程中最高点所受到的力（）A．只有重力B．重力和空气阻力C．重力和手的推力D．重力、空气阻力和手的推力5．（2018•杭州）跳绳是大家喜爱的体育运动之一，小金的质量为50千克，每次跳起高度约为6厘米（人整体上升，如图所示），一分钟跳100次，下列说法正确的是（）A．向上起跳过程中小金的动能持续增大B．在整个跳绳过程中小金的机械能守恒C．小金跳一次克服重力做功约 3 焦D．小金在这一分钟内跳绳的功率约为 50 瓦6．（2018•杭州）如图，质量分布均匀的长方体重物A、B，密度分别为ρA和ρB，底面积分别为S A和S B，且S A＞S B，将它们放在水平面上，它们对地面的压强相等。

现水平割去上半部分（如图中虚线所示），剩余部分对地面的压强分别为p A和p B，对地面的压力分别为F A和F B，下列物理量大小比较的关系正确的是（）A．F A＜F BB．p A＞p BC．ρA＞ρBD．切割前后 A、B 对地面的压强均不变7. （2018•杭州）测量是一个把待测的量与公认的标准进行比较的过程。

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语试题(含答案及详细答案解析)

2018 杭州中考英语试题卷(含答案及详细答案解析)第I 卷第一部分听力（略）第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项。

AWhen Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old, his teacher told him thatin many parts of Africa, there was no clean water. She said that peopleoften made themselves ill, and even died, just from drinking or bathing indirty water.What she said made Ryan upset. He decided to raise money for a well(井)so that people in Africa could have clean water. He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70 all by himself. Then he found out that it actuallycost $2,000 to dig a well.Most people would have given up at this point, b ut not Ryan. He was disappointed, but determined to raise more money. Finally he collected over$2,000. That money was used to dig the first of “Ryan's wells”.Since then, Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has raised over$1,500 ,000!Ryan calls himself “a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when he'snot in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work. As for the future. he has said that he isn't exactlysure what he will choose to do. “Something along the lines of a lawyer or a teacher. Maybe a leader!”16.Ryan's teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to .A.encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in AfricaB.ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in AfricaC.make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointedcate Ryan to care about African people in difficulty.17.What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage?A.He is different from other students in many ways.B.He never gives up when he has decided to do something.C.He is talented and can do many great things in the future,D.He's like other students with his own hobby and dreams.18.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Ryan and His TeacherB. Ryan and His Wells.C. Ryan and His MoneyD. Ryan and His FutureBWho wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Believe it or not,that’s exactly wh at world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nationsin 2015.During the meal, the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made with thrown-away vegetables and fruits. Chef Dan Barber, who helped create themeal, hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention tothe issue of food waste.It is a huge problem. One out of nine people on Earth does not getenough food. Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwidegoes to waste!Why is so much food wasted? Firstly, food is often thrown away before itreaches customers because too much of it is produced, or because it is notkept properly in farms. Secondly, shops and supermarkets usually throw awayunsold food. Finally, customers often buy more food than they need, so a lotof uneaten food is wasted.How can you waste less food? When eating out, you may ask for less food andtake home what is left. Visit fast food restaurant less often, since theyusually more wasteful. Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold foodto food banks.You can also waste less food at home. Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice.Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings. Tellfamily members to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list whenshopping for food.Food waste is a growing problem and we, either farmers or food sellersor customers, must take this problem more seriously and do what we can tohelp.19.What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015?A.They threw away food as waste during the meal.B.They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruitsC.They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits.D.They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.20.The underlined word “issue” in Paragraph 2 is c losest in meaning to .A. resultB. problemC. causeD. beginning21.The writer organizes Paragraph 4 by asking a question and .A. giving examplesB. using numbersC. listing reasonsD. telling a story22.W hich way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage?A.Buying unsold food from supermarkets.B.Keeping food properly in fridge.ing smaller rice bowls when eating out.D.Asking for less food in restaurants.CBananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, butthey are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plantsthat look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb ratherthan a tree because it doesn’t have a strong , woody stem（茎，干）. The plantscan grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers growout from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A h and is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch（丛）of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still aren’t the sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when they’re green. That’s how they’re shipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.If you love bananas, you’ve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!23.The first paragraph mainly talks about .A.why people like bananasB.how bananas tasteC.what bananas are rich inD.where bananas are taken24.What is the correct order in which these happen?a. The bananas begin to turn yellowb. A banana plant grows to full height.c.The flowers produce bananas.d. The bananas are ready to be picked.A. c-b-a-dB. b-c-d-aC. b-c-a-dD. c-b-d-a25.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The banana plant is a kind of tree.B.Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.C.One banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.D.The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.26.Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?A.Apples.B. Grapes.C. Bananas.D. OrangesDThere is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin(皮肤) will make up forthree flaws(缺陷)”. This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true — many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier.The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what theythink is beautiful. These cultural meanings of the beauty, however, are no longer important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beautyare being shared among cultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful.The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day culture.In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their earlobes( 耳垂) longer using ivory and wood or stones. They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes areseen as a sigh of beauty. This tradition has now found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some, but with more andmore well-known acto rs and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes, itwill finally become more fashionable.It is understood that different cultures around the world have differentways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, people’s views about beauty are always changing. With the help of the Internet, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?27.What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?A.The development of technology.B.The popularity of the latest fashions.C.The unchanged cultural traditions.D.The world’s growing population.28.What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?A.Longer ear lobes are their new fashion.B.Only women make their ear lobes longer.C.They think longer ear lobes look beautiful.D.They make actors and film stars famous.29.The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to .A. peopleB. ideasC. culturesD. fashions30.What is the passage mainly about?A.People in Asian countries like fair skin better.B.Beauty is considered important in many cultures.C.Different cultures have different ideas about beauty.D.People’s ideas about beauty are changing all the time.第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）下面文章中有五处（第 31-35 题）需要添加小标题。

2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语试卷(解析版)

2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语试卷一、听力（每小题2分，满分30 分）1．（2.00分）How did the woman come？A．By air．B．By train．C．By car．2．（2.00分）Where docs the man 1ive？A．In a town．B．In a city．C．In a vi11age．3．（2.00分）Who can play the violin？A．George．B．Helen．C．Alice．4．（2.00分）How many students are there in the woman's schoo1？A．330．B．350．C．370．5．（2.00分）What does the man mean？A．The bike is new．B．The bike is expensive．C．The bike is heavy．6．（6.00分）（1）What are the two speakers talking about？A．Touring a schoo1．B．Visiting a museum．C．Having a picnic．（2）Which sign is mentioned in the conversation？（3）What's the probable relationship between the two speakers？A．Mom and son．B．Teacher and student．C．Waitress and customer．7．（6.00分）（1）What is the woman？A． A restaurant owner．B．An interviewer．C．A cafe waitress．（2）When do people in．New York usua11y go to restaurants？A．Between 5 and 6 p．m．B．Between 7 and 8：30 p．m．C．Between 8 and 9 p．m．（3）Which restaurants are getting popular with people in London？A．Indian restaurants．B．South American restaurants．C．Italian restaurants．8．（8.00分）（1）How many days does the speaker work every week？A．Five．B．Six．C．Seven．（2）Why does the speaker often eat a big lunch？A．He is very hungry．B．He is too busy for dinner．C．He rea11y likes the food．（3）What does the speaker often do to relax at night？A．Listen to music．B．Watch movies．C．Go shopping．（4）What does the speaker think of his group members？A．Lonely but successful．B．Famous and professional．C．Hardworking and friendly．二、阅读理解（共4小题，满分30 分）9．（6.00分）When Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old，his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa，there was no clean water．She said that people often made themselves ill，and even died，just from drinking or bathing in dirty water．What she said made Ryan upset．He decided to raise money for a well（井）so that people in Africa could have clean water．He did extra chores for his parents and raised ￥70 all by himself．Then he found out that it actually cost ￥2，000 to dig a well．Most people would have given up at this point，but not Ryan．He was disappointed，but determined to raise more money．Finally he collected over ￥2，000．That money was used to dig the first of "Ryan's wells"．Since then，Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells．In fact，Ryan has raised over￥1，500 ，000!Ryan calls himself "a normal boy" and likes to play ice hockey when he's not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work．As for the future．he has said that he isn't exactly sure what he will choose to do．"Something along the lines of a lawyer or a teacher．Maybe a leader!"（1）Ryan's teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to．A．encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in AfricaB．ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in AfricaC．make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointedD．educate Ryan to care about African people in difficulty．（2）What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage？A．He is different from other students in many ways．B．He never gives up when he has decided to do something．C．He is talented and can do many great things in the future，D．He's like other students with his own hobby and dreams．（3）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？A．Ryan and His TeacherB．Ryan and His Wells．C．Ryan and His MoneyD．Ryan and His Future10．（8.00分）Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste？Believe it or not，that's exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015．During the meal，the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made withthrown﹣away vegetables and fruits．Chef Dan Barber，who helped create the meal，hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food waste．It is a huge problem．One out of nine people on Earth does not get enough food．Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!Why is so much food wasted？Firstly，food is often thrown away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced，or because it is not kept properly in farms．Secondly，shops and supermarkets usually throw away unsold food．Finally，customers often buy more food than they need，so a lot of uneaten food is wasted．How can you waste less food？When eating out，you may ask for less food and take home what is left．Visit fast food restaurant less often，since they usually more wasteful．Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to foodbanks．You can also waste less food at home．Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice．Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings．Tell family members to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food．Food waste is a growing problem and we，either farmers or food sellers or customers，must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help．（1）What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015？A．They threw away food as waste during the meal．B．They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruitsC．They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits．D．They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal．（2）The underlined word "issue" in Paragraph 2is closest in meaning to．A．resultB．problemC．causeD．beginning（3）The writer organizes Paragraph 4by asking a question and．A．giving examplesB．using numbersC．listing reasonsD．telling a story（4）Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage？A．Buying unsold food from supermarkets．B．Keeping food properly in fridge．C．Using smaller rice bowls when eating out．D．Asking for less food in restaurants．11．（8.00分）Bananas are the perfect snack．Not only are they sweet and delicious，but they are easy to carry around，so you can take them anywhere．Best of all，bananas provide different things that the human body needs!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain．They grow on plants that look like trees．The banana plant，however，is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn't have a strong ，woody stem（干，茎）．The plants can grow as high as 30feet．When they reach their full height，flowers grow out from the stem．These flowers produce bananas．Two or three times each year，the plants produce fruit．The bananas grow together，which seem like "hands"． A hand is made up of 10to 20bananas．Growers sometimes call bananas "fingers"．Each bunch（丛）of bananas has about 15hands，and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200bananas and can weigh more than 100pounds．After about three months，the bananas are ready to be picked．At this point，they still aren't the sunny yellow color of bananas．Farmers pick them when they're green．That's how they're shipped to stores．They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold．If you love bananas，you've got a lot of company．Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876．Today，American eat more bananas than any other fruit．More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together．Every American eats over 26pounds of bananas each year!（1）The first paragraph mainly talks about．A．why people like bananasB．how bananas tasteC．what bananas are rich inD．where bananas are taken（2）What is the correct order in which these happen？a．The bananas begin to turn yellowb．A banana plant grows to full height．c．The flowers produce bananas．d．The bananas are ready to be picked．A．c﹣b﹣a﹣dB．b﹣c﹣d﹣aC．b﹣c﹣a﹣dD．c﹣b﹣d﹣a（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage？A．The banana plant is a kind of tree．B．Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas．C．One banana plant usually produces fruit once a year．D．The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year．（4）Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart？A．Apples．B．Grapes．C．Bananas．D．Oranges12．（8.00分）There is a popular Chinese saying that "Fair skin（皮肤）will make up for three flaws（缺陷）"．This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture，it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful．In Western culture，however，the opposite is true ﹣many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier．The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful．These cultural meanings of the beauty，however，are nolonger important．As more and more people travel overseas，ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures．The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media．The result is an ever﹣changing idea of what is considered beautiful．The cultural practice of ear piercings，for example，has become a part of modern day culture．In Kenya，it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their earlobes（耳垂）longer using ivory and wood or stones．They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes．This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sigh of beauty．This tradition has now found its way into present﹣day culture．Nowadays，this might still seem unusual to some，but with more and more well﹣known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes，it will finally become more fashionable．It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty．However，since we now live in a worldwide society，people's views about beauty are always changing．With the help of the Internet，people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out．So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future？（1）What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty？A．The development of technology．B．The popularity of the latest fashions．C．The unchanged cultural traditions．D．The world's growing population．（2）What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage？A．Longer ear lobes are their new fashion．B．Only women make their ear lobes longer．C．They think longer ear lobes look beautiful．D．They make actors and film stars famous．（3）The underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refers to．A．peopleB．ideasC．culturesD．fashions（4）What is the passage mainly about？A．People in Asian countries like fair skin better．B．Beauty is considered important in many cultures．C．Different cultures have different ideas about beauty．D．People's ideas about beauty are changing all the time．三、阅读理解（共1小题，满分10 分）13．（10.00分）下面文章中有五处（第1﹣5 题）需要添加小标题．请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E 和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题．选项中有一项是多余选项．Five ways to make a great first impression（印象）!Researchers have discovered that，in general，it only takes seven seconds for a person to start making judgments about you when they first meet you．That's why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression．（1）Before meeting someone，start thinking about the purpose of the meeting．Are you trying to impress them？For example，if you want to make new friends at a social event，you will want to appear friendly．And if you decide to run for class president at your school，you will need to appear confident（自信）．（2）Smiling is the most important thing you can do when meeting someone new．It shows that you're friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable．To have a winning smile，make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day．（3）Before you begin speaking，you will be judged on your body language．Therefore，it's important to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back．Besides，if you uncross your arms，you will appear relaxed and friendly．（4）How you smell can influence people's first impression of you．If you have a bad body smell，it will put people off．In short，aim to smell clean and avoid putting on a lot of scented products．（5）What you wear matters．While you should look clean and tidy，it's also important to dress properly，whether you're going to a birthday party or a sporting event．You should think about what your clothes say about you．A．Smell goodB．Dress to impressC．Get ready for a speechD．A smile goes a long wayE．Be careful about your body languageF．Decide what image（形象）you want to present四、完形填空（共 1 小题，满分15 分）14．（15.00分）My friends and I joined a two﹣day survival（生存）training course in the mountains．The first day was really（1）﹣there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite，we were divided into groups and given a tent，some food，a （2）and a compass（指南针）．Standing next to a small river，Fanny（3）camping in the grassy area nearby．However，our instructor，Mr．Lee，pointed out that it might flood（淹没）if it rained．In the end，we found a （4）area．Putting up the tent was very hard．（5）Mr．Lee helped us a lot．By the time we had put up the tent，（6）was really hungry．"Wewouldn't have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks．" Peter said．We all told him to（7）complaining（抱怨）and help us start a fire to cook our food （8）．Realizing we were having trouble making the fire，he finally （9）．The next day started early．Woken by a strange noise．Peter went to see what was（10）．"Some cows have eaten our breakfast!"he shouted．"That's all because you didn't（11）the food properly last night．"said Mr．Lee．Worried that Mr．Lee was angry with us，we tried very hard on our next （12）﹣using themap and compass to find a secret location．We made it to the location（13）the other group did．We all felt very proud of（14）．The survival training course was a great（15）．Now I feel I could survive anywhere!（1）A．disappointing B．difficult C．different D．boring（2）A．map B．book C．light D．knife（3）A．suggested B．finished C．imagined D．enjoyed（4）A．nearer B．lower C．bigger D．higher（5）A．Surprisingly B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Usually（6）A．everyone B．anyone C．someone D．no one（7）A．start B．mind C．stop D．continue（8）A．yet B．too C．again D．instead（9）A．helped out B．gave out C．worked out D．started out （10）A．developing B．happening C．beginning D．following （11）A．throw off B．put away C．eat up D．sell out（12）A．plan B．lesson C．task D．problem （13）A．till B．after C．when D．before（14）A．him B．them C．you D．ourselves （15）A．example B．experience C．activity D．competition五、阅读填空（共1 小题，满分10 分）15．（10.00分）Next time you hold a book in your hands，stop and think．Like most other things in the modern world，it is the result of thousands of years of human invention．First，came the invention of writing，（1）（probable）about 5500year ago．With writing，people did not have to remember everything in their heads．They could communicate with people that they never（2）（see）and share their knowledge with future generations．Later，the Greeks were well﹣done for their literature（文学）and science，but their "books" looked very different（3）the books of today．They were called scrolls（卷轴）．They were different to use and took a lot of space in a library．About 2，000years ago，books with lots of pages （4）（invent）．For more than a thousand years，the pages of books were made from animal skin．That changed in （5）thirteenth century，when Europeans learned about a very（6）（use）Chinese invention ：paper．But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439，when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press．Before that，books in Europe were copied by hand，so they were very expensive．Many more people could afford the books （7）were produced on a printing press．These days it is difficult（8）（imagine）a world without books．But human invention does not stop．Every year，more（9）（story）are bought as e﹣books and read on a screen．Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future，（10）will books，like scrolls soon disappear？六、单词拼写（共10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分10 分）16．（1.00分）My friend came over last night to watch the v of football match that I'drecorded．17．（1.00分）After a long day，Tom l down on the bad and went to sleep．18．（1.00分）The train was very c with passengers，so we had to stand．19．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Do you think more money should be given to education？﹣﹣﹣﹣C，I couldn't agree more．20．（1.00分）Sorry，I've f your phone number．Could you please tell me again？21．（1.00分）Be p．It takes time．You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day．22．（1.00分）A square has four sides and four c．23．（1.00分）December is the t and last month of the year．24．（1.00分）The Chinese women's volleyball team won a gold m in the 2016Rio Olympic Games．25．（1.00分）You will r a warm welcome when you come to our village．七、书面表达（共 1 小题.满分15 分）26．（15.00分）假定你是李平（TEL：1361234567）．家住滨海市人民路1 号．你在美国旅行期间，不慎遗失钱包，曾向宾馆询．以下是宾馆的答复邮件，请你阅读后进行回复，词数80 左右．2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、听力（每小题2分，满分30 分）1．（2.00分）How did the woman come？A．By air．B．By train．C．By car．【分析】略【解答】略2．（2.00分）Where docs the man 1ive？A．In a town．B．In a city．C．In a vi11age．【分析】略【解答】略3．（2.00分）Who can play the violin？A．George．B．Helen．C．Alice．【分析】略【解答】略4．（2.00分）How many students are there in the woman's schoo1？A．330．B．350．C．370．【分析】略【解答】略5．（2.00分）What does the man mean？A．The bike is new．B．The bike is expensive．C．The bike is heavy．【分析】略【解答】略6．（6.00分）（1）What are the two speakers talking about？A．Touring a schoo1．B．Visiting a museum．C．Having a picnic．（2）Which sign is mentioned in the conversation？（3）What's the probable relationship between the two speakers？A．Mom and son．B．Teacher and student．C．Waitress and customer．【分析】略【解答】略7．（6.00分）（1）What is the woman？A． A restaurant owner．B．An interviewer．C．A cafe waitress．（2）When do people in．New York usua11y go to restaurants？A．Between 5 and 6 p．m．B．Between 7 and 8：30 p．m．C．Between 8 and 9 p．m．（3）Which restaurants are getting popular with people in London？A．Indian restaurants．B．South American restaurants．C．Italian restaurants．【分析】略【解答】略8．（8.00分）（1）How many days does the speaker work every week？A．Five．B．Six．C．Seven．（2）Why does the speaker often eat a big lunch？A．He is very hungry．B．He is too busy for dinner．C．He rea11y likes the food．（3）What does the speaker often do to relax at night？A．Listen to music．B．Watch movies．C．Go shopping．（4）What does the speaker think of his group members？A．Lonely but successful．B．Famous and professional．C．Hardworking and friendly．【分析】略【解答】略二、阅读理解（共4小题，满分30 分）9．（6.00分）When Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old，his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa，there was no clean water．She said that people often made themselves ill，and even died，just from drinking or bathing in dirty water．What she said made Ryan upset．He decided to raise money for a well（井）so that people in Africa could have clean water．He did extra chores for his parents and raised ￥70 all by himself．Then he found out that it actually cost ￥2，000 to dig a well．Most people would have given up at this point，but not Ryan．He was disappointed，but determined to raise more money．Finally he collected over ￥2，000．That money was used to dig the first of "Ryan's wells"．Since then，Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells．In fact，Ryan has raised over￥1，500 ，000!Ryan calls himself "a normal boy" and likes to play ice hockey when he's not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work．As for the future．he has said that he isn't exactly sure what he will choose to do．"Something along the lines of a lawyer or a teacher．Maybe a leader!"（1）Ryan's teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to D．A．encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in AfricaB．ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in AfricaC．make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointedD．educate Ryan to care about African people in difficulty．（2）What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage D？A．He is different from other students in many ways．B．He never gives up when he has decided to do something．C．He is talented and can do many great things in the future，D．He's like other students with his own hobby and dreams．（3）Which of the following is the best title for the passage B？A．Ryan and His TeacherB．Ryan and His Wells．C．Ryan and His MoneyD．Ryan and His Future【分析】本文是讲述Ryan和他存钱建造的水井，为了那些缺水的地区．【解答】1．D．推理判断题，结合She said that people often made themselves ill，and even died，just from drinking or bathing in dirty water．老师告诉他缺水的地区的情况，是希望他关注那些有困难的人，故选D．2．D．细节判断题，结合Ryan calls himself "a normal boy" and likes to play ice hockey when he's not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work．As for the future．he has said that he isn't exactly sure what he will choose to do他说自己是一个平常的人，有自己的爱好和梦想，故选D．3．B．标题判断题．本文he collected over ￥2，000．That money was used to dig the first of "Ryan's wells"．Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells．In fact，Ryan has raised over ￥1，500 ，000!筹集了2000美元用来挖第一个水井，现在已经筹集了1500000美元用来挖更多的水井，是讲述Ryan和他的水井，故选B．10．（8.00分）Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste？Believe it or not，that's exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015．During the meal，the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made withthrown﹣away vegetables and fruits．Chef Dan Barber，who helped create the meal，hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food waste．It is a huge problem．One out of nine people on Earth does not get enoughfood．Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!Why is so much food wasted？Firstly，food is often thrown away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced，or because it is not kept properly in farms．Secondly，shops and supermarkets usually throw away unsold food．Finally，customers often buy more food than they need，so a lot of uneaten food is wasted．How can you waste less food？When eating out，you may ask for less food and take home what is left．Visit fast food restaurant less often，since they usually more wasteful．Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks．You can also waste less food at home．Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice．Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings．Tell family members to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food．Food waste is a growing problem and we，either farmers or food sellers or customers，must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help．（1）What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015 C？A．They threw away food as waste during the meal．B．They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruitsC．They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits．D．They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal．（2）The underlined word "issue" in Paragraph 2is closest in meaning to B．A．resultB．problemC．causeD．beginning（3）The writer organizes Paragraph 4by asking a question and C．A．giving examplesB．using numbersC．listing reasonsD．telling a story（4）Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage D？A．Buying unsold food from supermarkets．B．Keeping food properly in fridge．C．Using smaller rice bowls when eating out．D．Asking for less food in restaurants．【分析】这是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要介绍还有很多人没有足够的食物，但是全球每年三分之一的食物会被浪费掉．我们外出吃饭时要少点东西．把剩下的带回家．食物垃圾也是一个日益严重的问题，我们应该认真对待这个问题，并尽量去帮助做一些力所能及的事情．【解答】1．C．细节理解题．根据第一段Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste？谁愿意吃被扔掉的食物？及第二行the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made with thrown﹣away vegetables and fruits世界领导人享受用扔掉的蔬菜和水果做成的沙拉和汉堡包之类的菜肴．可知，他们吃用废弃蔬菜和水果制成的食物．选C．2．B．词义猜测题．句意"希望这一经验能让领导们更加关注食物垃圾的__．"．根据下一句It is a huge problem这是个大问题．可知，应该是"问题"．选B．3．C．细节理解题．根据第四段How can you waste less food？When eating out，you may ask for less food and take home what is left．Visit fast food restaurant less often，since they usually more wasteful．Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks．你怎么能浪费更少的食物？外出就餐时，你可能会要求少吃些东西，把剩下的东西带回家．少去快餐店，因为它们通常更浪费．鼓励你喜欢的餐馆给食物银行出售未售出的食物．可知，可知，作者通过提问和列举原因来组织第四段．选C．4．D．细节理解题．根据第四段How can you waste less food？When eating out，you may ask for less food and take home what is left你怎么能浪费更少的食物？外出就餐时，你可以点更少的食物，把剩下的东西带回家．可知，在餐馆点更少的食物是浪费更少食物的方法．选D．11．（8.00分）Bananas are the perfect snack．Not only are they sweet and delicious，but they are easy to carry around，so you can take them anywhere．Best of all，bananas provide different things that the human body needs!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain．They grow on plants that look like trees．The banana plant，however，is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn't have a strong ，woody stem（干，茎）．The plants can grow as high as 30feet．When they reach their full height，flowers grow out from the stem．These flowers produce bananas．Two or three times each year，the plants produce fruit．The bananas grow together，which seem like "hands"． A hand is made up of 10to 20bananas．Growers sometimes call bananas "fingers"．Each bunch（丛）of bananas has about 15hands，and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200bananas and can weigh more than 100pounds．After about three months，the bananas are ready to be picked．At this point，they still aren't the sunny yellow color of bananas．Farmers pick them when they're green．That's how they're shipped to stores．They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold．If you love bananas，you've got a lot of company．Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876．Today，American eat more bananas than any other fruit．More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together．Every American eats over 26pounds of bananas each year!（1）The first paragraph mainly talks about A．A．why people like bananasB．how bananas tasteC．what bananas are rich inD．where bananas are taken（2）What is the correct order in which these happen B？a．The bananas begin to turn yellowb．A banana plant grows to full height．c．The flowers produce bananas．d．The bananas are ready to be picked．A．c﹣b﹣a﹣dB．b﹣c﹣d﹣aC．b﹣c﹣a﹣dD．c﹣b﹣d﹣a（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage C？A．The banana plant is a kind of tree．B．Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas．C．One banana plant usually produces fruit once a year．D．The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year．（4）Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart A？A．Apples．B．Grapes．C．Bananas．D．Oranges【分析】文章介绍了香蕉是非常受欢迎的一种水果，并介绍了香蕉从种植到采摘的过程．【解答】1．A 细节理解题，根据Bananas are the perfect snack．Not only are they sweet and delicious，but they are easy to carry around，so you can take them anywhere．Best of all，bananas provide different things that the human body needs!香蕉是最完美的零食．它们不仅香甜可口，而且很容易携带，所以你可以带它们去任何地方．最重要的是，香蕉提供了人类身体所需的不同东西！可知这些是人们喜欢香蕉的原因，故选A．2．B 细节理解题，根据The plants can grow as high as 30feet．When they reach their full height，flowers grow out from the stem．These flowers produce bananas．这些植物可以长到30英尺高．当它们达到它们的高度时，花朵就会从茎中长出来．这些花长出香蕉，After about three months，the bananas are ready to be picked大约三个月后，香蕉就可以采摘了．They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold他们在路上变黄，准备好卖了．可知选项B的顺序：b．香蕉植物长到完全高，c．花长出果实，d．The bananas are ready to be picked．香蕉已经准备好被采摘了a．香蕉开始变黄，故选B．3．C 细节理解题，根据They grow on plants that look like trees．The banana plant，however，is considered a herb rather than a tree ，可知香蕉植物不是树，故排除A；Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain，可知香蕉在温暖很多雨水的地方生长的最好，故排除B；Two or three times each year，the plants produce fruit，可知每年有两到三次，这些植物会结出果实，排除D，通过排除法可推知：香蕉每年可以种植两三季，每一季一株只结一次果，故选C．4．A 细节理解qig题，根据图显示，香蕉最受欢迎，苹果第二受欢迎，故选A．12．（8.00分）There is a popular Chinese saying that "Fair skin（皮肤）will make up for three flaws（缺陷）"．This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture，it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful．In Western culture，however，the opposite is true ﹣many Westerners think tanned skin is。

2018年各地中考真题杭州市

浙江省2018年中考试题（杭州卷）语文试题卷一、（30分）1．下列句中加点字的注音和画线词语的书写全都正确的一项是（3分）A．西湖龙井茶的历史可追溯．（suò）到我国唐代，在“茶圣”陆羽撰写的《茶经》中，就有杭州天竺、灵隐二寺产茶的记载．（zǎi）。

B．鹳鹊楼又称鹳雀楼，因时有鹳雀栖．（xī）息其上而得名，坐落在蒲州（今山西永济）府城；后倾圮，其匾．（biǎn）额移至城楼上。

C．突如奇来的暴雨带来了丰沛．（pèi）的降水，植物种子纷纷发芽、生长，往日死寂的沙漠不久就变成了绚．（xuàn）丽的花海。

D．英雄精神既体现在刹．（chà）那间的生死抉择，也体现在经年累．（lěi）月的执着坚守，比如那些默默钻研技术几十载的航天人。

阅读下面的文字，完成2-3题。

当今的艺术仿佛．．．．的灯光，3D电影．．在兴致勃勃地享受一场技术的盛宴，舞台上扑朔迷离院里上下左右晃动的座椅，魔术师利用光学仪器制造的视觉误差等……①从声光电的全面介入到各种闻所未闻的机械设备，技术的发展速度令人吃惊。

2．文段中加点的词语，运用不正确的一项是（3分）A．仿佛 B．扑朔迷离 C．赋予 D．神秘莫测3．文段中画线的标点，使用有误的一项是（2分）A．① B．② C．③ D．④4．下列句子中没有语病的一项是（3分）A．近年来杭州积极创造人才国际化进程，越来越多的国际人才来杭创业，去年海外人才净流入率位居全国城市第一。

B．受西太平洋副热带高压脊位置变化影响，导致未来几天我市将持续出现高温天气，大部分区县最高气温可达38℃。

C．为纪念马克思诞生200周年，学校决定在5月份举行有关马克思的图片展览、学术研讨、征文比赛等大型主题活动。

2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语试卷及答案

2018 杭州中考英语试题卷第I卷第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How di d th e wom an comeA. By airB. By tr ain.C. B y car2. W herc docs the m an 1i veA. In a t own.B. I n a cit y.C. In·a·vi11age3. W ho c an pl ay the vio l inA. Gcorge. B, Helen. C. Alic e.4. How many s t udents ar e the r e in th e wo man's sc hoo1A. 330.B. 350.C.370.5. W hat doe s t he m an m eanA. T he bike is n ew.B. Th e bi ke is expensive .C.The bike i s heavy.第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）听下面 3 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话或独白后，你都有时间阅读各小题，每小题 5 秒钟。

听完后，各小题给出 5 秒的作答时间，每段对话仅读一遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 8 三个小题。

BAB听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至第 11 三个小题。

BAA听下面一段独白，回答第 12 至第 15 题四个小题。

BBAC第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分1第一节(共5小题.每小题2分.满分l0分)听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听完每段对话后.你都有1o秒钟的时问来回答有美小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍,第二节(共1o小题,每小题2分,满分2o分)听下面3段对话或独白, 每段对话或独自后有几个小題,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置, 所每段对话或独自前,你有时问阅演各小题,每小题5秒钟.听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍,,听下面一段对话.回答第6至第8三个小.题.6. W hat ar e t he t wo speakers t alking aboutA. To uri ng a sc hoo1.B.V i si tin g a muse um. 1.H aving a picnic7. Wh i ch si gn i s ment i oned in t he conver sat i on8. What's the p r obable re l ati onship be tween the two spea kersA.M om and so n.B.Teacherand stud entC. W ai t r ess and cust ome r听下面一段对话,回答第9至第11三个小题9. W hat i s the womanA. A r est aur ant owner 11l.A n i nt erv i ew er C. A caf e wa i t r ess10. W hen do people York usua11y go to r esta ur ant sA. Be t w een 5and6 .B. B et w een 7and830 .C. B et ween 8and9 .1i. Whi ch r est auran ts ar e gettin g pop ula r wi t h people in LondonA. In di an re st aura nt s.B. Sout h Ame r ic an r est aur antsC. I t al i an r est aurans听下面一段独白.回答第12至第15四个小题.12. How many days does t he speaker w or k ever y w eekA. Fiv e.B. Six.C. Seven.13. W hy does t he speaker oite n e at a bi gl unchA. H e i s ver y hungry.B. He is t oo busy fo r din nerC. He r ea11yl ik es t he food.14, Wh at d oes the s peaker of t en do t o r ela x at ni ghtA. Lis te n to m usi cB. Wat ch movi es.C. Go sho ppi ng.15. W hat d oes t he speaker thl nk o f his gro up m em ber sA. Lonel y b ut succe ssf u1.B. Fam ous and pro f essi ona1.C. H ardwor Kin g and frien ndly第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项。

2018年杭州市中考数学试卷含答案解析(Word版).docx

浙江省杭州市2018年中考数学试题4. 测试五位学生一分钟跳绳”成绩，得到五个各不相同的数据，统计时，出现了一处错误: 将最高成绩写得更高了。

计算结果不受影响的是（）5.若线段AM ，AN 分别是△ABC 边上的高线和中线，则（）B. x+y = 20 C . 5x- 2y = 607.—个两位数，它的十位数字是 3 ,个位数字是抛掷一枚质地均匀的骰子（六个面分别有数字1 — 6）朝上一面的数字。

任意抛掷这枚骰子一次，得到的两位数是 3的倍数的概率等于（） 1 1 1 2A.B. C. D.8.如图，已知点 P 矩形ABCD 内一点（不含边界），设∙ V Fj-泓若 Z .ΓΛΦ ,,则（）一、选择题 1.=（） A. 3 B. -3 C.D.2•数据1800000用科学计数法表示为（） 6 6 A. 1.8 B. 1.8 1×5C.18 ×0D. 18 10Q3•下列计算正确的是 A.B. ,l j'' -1C. J 二-: D ,"? - ..1A.方差B.标准差C.中位数D.平均数A.B.C.D.6.某次知识竞赛共有 20道题，规定：每答对一题得 +5分，每答错一题得 -2分，不答的题得 0分。

已知圆圆这次竞赛得了60分，设圆圆答对了道题，答错了道题，则（D. 5x+2jr = 60¾÷¾X⅛÷⅛-cr t B.C. 『沪S J - ⅛ =D. f⅛;-贵:（坯 E：i =9. 四位同学在研究函数「-（b, C是常数）时，甲发现当.；;■ = I.时，函数有最小值；乙发现是方程.,.:.的一个根；丙发现函数的最小值为3;丁发现当时，—」「•已知这四位同学中只有一位发现的结论是错误的，则该同学是（）A.甲 B.乙C.丙D. T10. 如图，在厶ABC中，点D在AB边上，DE // BC,与边AC交于点E,连结BE,记厶ADE ,△ BCE的面积分别为S I, S2 ,（）13. 因式分解：（口一方F —仏一＜7）= _____14. 如图，AB是O的直径，点C是半径OA的中点，过点C作DE丄AB ,交0于点D, E两点，过点D作直径DF ,连结AF ,则∠ DEA= ___________15. 某日上午，甲、乙两车先后从A地出发沿一条公路匀速前往B地，甲车8点出发，如图是其行驶路程S （千米）随行驶时间t （小时）变化的图象•乙车9点出发，若要在10点至A.若-.n ..賦,贝yC.若二山一二，贝y二、填空题11. _________________ 计算：a-3a=B.若_一" 亠；，贝UD.若_亠・一；，贝U 、农込12. __________________________________________________________________________ 如图，直线a// b,直线C与直线a, b分别交于A , B ,若∠仁45 °则∠ 2= ____________________11点之间（含10点和11点）追上甲车，则乙车的速度V（单位：千米/小时）的范围是________ C]2^^^^,1■ ■_⅛ - IZiJ r4 Z I f IJFι∣ Ii Jr 1 Z-I ra J rj ZI / -I Z qI ,[亠CTdt 抹时）16. 折叠矩形纸片ABCD 时，发现可以进行如下操作： ①把△ ADE 翻折，点A 落在DC 边上的点F 处，折痕为DE ,点E 在AB 边上；②把纸片展开并铺平；③把△CDG 翻折，点C落在直线 AE 上的点 H 处，折痕为 DG ,点 G 在BC 边上，若 AB=AD+2，EH=I ,则A DAD= _______。

2018年浙江省杭州市中考科学真题(解析版)

浙江省杭州市2018年中考科学试卷一、选择题1．（2018·杭州）南京理工大学胡炳成团队用新方法制得了NaN5•3H2O，该化合物中含有N5−等微粒，已知N为7 号元素，则下列有关说法正确的是（）A．N5−是一种单质B．1个N5−带一个单位的正电荷C．1个N5−共含有35个质子D．1 个N5−中共含有35 个电子【答案】C【知识点】原子的构成与探索过程；离子的书写与意义；常见物质的分类【解析】【分析】原子是由原子核和核外电子两部分构成；而原子核由质子和中子构成；【解答】A、N5−是带一个单位负电荷的阴离子，不是单质，故A 错误；B、N5−带一个单位的负电荷；故B错误；C、离子是由得失电子形成的，与原子核无关，而一个N原子有7个质子，所以N5−有35个质子；故C正确；D、在原子中，核外电子数等于质子数；所以N5有35个电子，但是N5−还有得到的一个电子，所以共有36个电子；故D错误；故答案为：C。

2．（2018·杭州）一种用软锰矿（主要成分是MnO2）制备KMnO4的工艺中主要涉及下列反应：①2MnO2+O2+4KOH Δ__2K2MnO4+2H2O②2K2MnO4+2H2O 通电__2KMnO4+2KOH+H2↑下列有关说法正确的是()A．K2MnO4中锰元素显+7 价B．KMnO4属于盐类物质C．反应②属于复分解反应D．该制法中K2MnO4是主要原料【答案】B【知识点】元素化合价的规则与计算；复分解反应及其应用；常见物质的分类【解析】【分析】在化合物中，各元素的化合价代数和为零；盐是指一类金属离子或铵根离子（NH4+）与酸根离子或非金属离子结合的化合物。

【解答】A、设Mn元素的化合价为X；+1 ×2+X+（-2）×4=0；X=+6；故A错误；B、KMnO4是由钾离子和锰酸根离子构成，符合盐的定义，属于盐类物质；故B正确；C、复分解反应是由两种化合物互相交换成分，生成另外两种化合物的反应；而该反应中生成物不是交换成分产生的；故C错误；D、由反应方程式可知，K2MnO4只是中间产物，原料是二氧化锰、氧气、氢氧化钾；故D错误；故答案为：B。

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语试卷(word版,含答案)

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语试卷(word版,含答案)最大最全最精的教育资源网2018 杭州中考英语试题卷第 I 卷第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）听下边 5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间往返答相关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How di d th e woman come?A. By ai rB. By tr ain .C. B y ca r2. W herc docs t he man 1i ve?A. In a town.B. I n a cit y.C. In a v i 11age3. W ho c an pl ay the vio l in ?A. Gcorge.B,Helen . C. Alic e.4. How many s t udents ar e the r e in th e wo man' s sc hoo1?A. 330.B.350.C.370.5. W hat doe s t he man mean?A. T he bike is n ew.B. Th e bi ke is expensive.C. The bike i s heavy.第二节 ( 共10小题, 每题 2分 , 满分20分)听下边 3段对话或独白 ,每段对话或单独后有几个小題, 从题中所给的 A 、 B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项 , 并标在试卷的相应地点,所每段对话或单独前, 你有时间阅读各小题, 每题 5秒钟 .听完后,各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下边一段对话. 回答第 6至第 8三个小题 .6.W hat ar e t he t wo speakers t alking about?A. To uri ng a sc hoo1.B.Vi si tin g a museum. 1. Having a picnic7.Wh i ch si gn i s ment i oned in t he conver sat i on?8. What's the p r obable re l ati onship be tween the two spea kers ?A.Momand so n.B.Teacherand stud entC. W ai t r ess and cust omer听下边一段对话, 回答第 9至第 11三个小题9. W hat i s the woman?A. A r est aur ant owne rB.An i nt erv i ewerC. A caf e wai t r ess10. W hen do people i n. New York usua11y go to r esta ur ant s?A.Be t ween 5and6 p.m.B. B et ween 7and830 p. m.C.Bet ween 8 and9 p. m.11. Whi ch r est auran ts ar e gettin g pop ula r wi t h people in London?A. In di an re st aura nt s.B.Sout h A mer ic an r est aur antsC.I t al i an r est auran s最大最全最精的教育资源网听下边一段独白. 回答第12至第15四个小题 .12. How many days does t he speaker w or k ever y w eek?A. Fiv e.B. Six.C.Seven.13. W hy does t he speaker oite n e at a bi gl unch?A. H e i s ver y hungry.B. He is t oo busy fo r din nerC.Her ea11y l ik es t he food .14, Wh at d oes the s peaker of t en do t o r ela x at ni ght?A. Lis te n to m usi cB. Wat ch movi es.C. Go sho ppi ng.15. W hat d oes t he speaker thl nk o f his gro up member s?A. Lonel y but successf u1.B. Famous and pro f essi ona1.C.Hardwor Kin g and frien ndly第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节 ,满分40 分 )第一节 (共15 小题 .每题 2 分 ,满分30 分 )阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、 B 、 C 和D) 中选出最正确选项。

2018年杭州市中考英语试卷及答案

2018 杭州中考英语试题卷第I卷第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How did the woman come?A. By airB. By train.C. By car2. Where does the man 1ive?A. In a town.B. In a city.C. In a vi11age3. Who can play the violin?A. George. B, Helen. C. Alice.4. How many students are there in the woman's schoo1?A. 330.B. 350.C. 370.5. What does the man mean?A. The bike is new.B. The bike is expensive .C. The bike is heavy.第二节(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)听下面3段对话或独白, 每段对话或独自后有几个小題,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置, 所每段对话或独自前,你有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟. 听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话.回答第6至第8三个小题.6. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Touring a schoo1.B. Visiting a museum. 1. Having a picnic7. Which sign is mentioned in the conversation?8. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Mom and son.B. Teacher and studentC. Waitress and customer听下面一段对话,回答第9至第11三个小题9. What is the woman?A. A restaurant ownerB. An interviewerC. A cafe waitress10. When do people in.New York usua11y go to restaurants?A. Between 5 and6 p.m.B. Between 7 and8 30 p.m.C. Between 8 and9 p.m.11. Which restaurants are getting popular with people in London?A. Indian restaurants.B. South American restaurantsC. Italian restaurants听下面一段独白.回答第12至第15四个小题.12. How many days does the speaker work every week?A. Five.B. Six.C. Seven.13. Why does the speaker often eat a big lunch?A. He is very hungry.B. He is too busy for dinnerC. He really likes the food.14, What does the speaker often do to relax at night?A. Listen to musicB. Watch movies.C. Go shopping.15. What does the speaker think of his group members?A. Lonely but successfu1.B. Famous and professiona1.C. Hard--working and friendly第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40 分)第一节(共15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中选出最佳选项。

2018年浙江省杭州市中考英语试卷-答案解析

省市2018年中考英语试卷英语答案解析第I卷第一部分听力1.【答案】C2.【答案】C3.【答案】C4.【答案】A5.【答案】B6.【答案】B7.【答案】A8.【答案】B9.【答案】B10.【答案】A11.【答案】A12.【答案】B13.【答案】B14.【答案】A15.【答案】C第二部分阅读理解第一节16.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题，结合She said that people often made themselves ill, and even died, just from drinking or bathing in dirty water.老师告诉他缺水的地区的情况，是希望他关注那些有困难的人，故选D。

【考点】推理判断题。

17.【答案】D【解析】细节判断题。

结合Ryan calls himself “a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when he’s not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work. As for the future. he has said that he isn’t exactly sure what he will choose to do他说自己是一个平常的人，有自己的爱好和梦想，故选D。

【考点】细节判断题18.【答案】B【解析】标题判断题。

本文he collected over $2000. That money was used to dig the first of “Ryan’s wells”.Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has raised over$150 0000!筹集了2000美元用来挖第一个水井,现在已经筹集了150 0000美元用来挖更多的水井，是讲述Ryan和他的水井，故选B。

浙江省杭州市2018年中考数学真题试题(含答案)

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语试卷及答案[真题卷]

2018 杭州中考英语试题卷第I卷第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How di d th e wom a n c ome?A. By a i rB. By tr ain.C. B y ca r2. W he rc docs t h e m a n 1i ve?A. In a t own.B. I n a cit y.C. In a v i11age3. W h o c an pl a y the vio l in?A. Gcorge. B, Helen. C. Alic e.4. How many s t u de nts a r e the r e in th e wo man's sc h oo1?A. 330.B. 350.C.370.5. W h at doe s t he m a n m ea n?A. T he bike is n e w.B. Th e bi k e is e x p en s ive .C.The bike i s hea v y.第二节(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)听下面3段对话或独白, 每段对话或独自后有几个小題,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置, 所每段对话或独自前,你有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟. 听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话.回答第6至第8三个小题.6. W h at ar e t h e t wo sp ea ke rs t alking a b o ut?A. To u ri ng a sc h o o1.B.V i si tin g a muse u m. 1.H a ving a picnic7. Wh i c h si g n i s ment i one d in t h e c o n v er s at i on?8. What's the p r ob able re l ati o nship be tween the two spea k ers?A.M o m and so n.B.Te a c h erand stud en tC. W a i t r ess and cust o me r听下面一段对话,回答第9至第11三个小题9. W hat i s the woman?A. A r es t a u r an t owne rB.A n i n t e rv i ew e rC. A c a f e wa i t r e s s10. W h e n do people i n.N ew York u su a11y go to r es ta u r a nt s?A. Be t w ee n 5a n d6p.m.B. B e t w e e n 7a n d830 p.m.C. B e t ween 8a n d9 p.m.11. Whi ch r es t au ran ts ar e ge ttin g pop ula r wi t h p e op le in Lo nd o n?A. In d i a n re s t a ura n t s.B. S o u t h A me r ic a n r e s t a ur a n tsC. I t a l i a n r e st au ran s听下面一段独白.回答第12至第15四个小题.12. How many days doe s t h e s p e a k er w o r k ever y w eek?A. F iv e.B. Six.C. Seven.13. W h y does t he s p e a k er oite n e at a bi g l un c h?A. H e i s v er y h u n gry.B. He is t o o bus y fo r d in ne rC. He r e a11y l ik e s t he food. 14, Wh a t d oe s the s p ea ker of t en d o t o r e la x at ni g ht?A. Lis te n to m us i cB. W at c h movi e s.C. Go sho p pi n g.15. W hat d oes t he spea k er thl nk o f h is g ro u p m e m be r s?A. Lo ne l y b u t s u cce s s f u1.B. Fam o us and pro f e s si o na1.C. H ardwor Kin g a nd frien n dly第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40 分)第一节(共15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中选出最佳选项。

2018年杭州中考英语真题及答案

2018 杭州中考英语试题卷第I卷第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分）听下面5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How did the woman come?A. By airB. By train.C. By car2. Where does the man 1ive?A. In a town.B. In a city.C. In avi11age3. Who can play the violin?A. George. B, Helen. C. Alice.4. How many students are there in the woman's schoo1?A. 330.B. 350.C. 370.5. What does the man mean?A. The bike is new.B. The bike is expensive .C. The bike is heavy.第二节(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)听下面3段对话或独白, 每段对话或独自后有几个小題,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置, 所每段对话或独自前,你有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟. 听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话.回答第6至第8三个小题.6. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Touring a schoo1.B. Visiting a museum. 1. Having a picnic7. Which sign is mentioned in the conversation?8. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Mom and son.B. Teacher and studentC. Waitress and customer听下面一段对话,回答第9至第11三个小题9. What is the woman?A. A restaurant ownerB. An interviewerC. A cafe waitress10. When do people in.New York usua11y go to restaurants?A. Between 5 and6 p.m.B. Between 7 and8 30 p.m.C. Between 8 and9 p.m.11. Which restaurants are getting popular with people in London?A. Indian restaurants.B. South American restaurantsC. Italianrestaurants听下面一段独白.回答第12至第15四个小题.12. How many days does the speaker work every week?A. Five.B. Six.C. Seven.13. Why does the speaker often eat a big lunch?A. He is very hungry.B. He is too busy for dinnerC. He really likes the food.14, What does the speaker often do to relax at night?A. Listen to musicB. Watch movies.C. Go shopping.15. What does the speaker think of his group members?A. Lonely but successfu1.B. Famous and professiona1.C.Hard--working and friendly第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40 分)第一节(共15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中选出最佳选项。

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语真题试题(含答案-含听力)复习进程

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语真题试题第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How di d th e wom a n c ome?A. By a irB. By tr ain.C. B y ca r2. W he rc docs the m a n 1i ve?A. In a t own.B. I n a cit y.C. In a v i11age3. W h o c an pl a y the vio l in?A. Gcorge. B, Helen. C. Alic e.4. How many s t u de nts a r e the r e in th e wo man's sc h oo1?A. 330.B. 350.C.370.5. W h at doe s t he m a n m ea n?A. T he bike is n e w.B. Th e bi k e is e x p en s ive .C.The bike i s hea v y.第二节(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)听下面3段对话或独白, 每段对话或独自后有几个小題,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置, 所每段对话或独自前,你有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟. 听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话.回答第6至第8三个小题.6. W h at ar e t h e t wo sp ea ke rs t alking ab o ut?A. To u ri ng a sc h o o1.B.V i si tin g a muse u m. 1.H a ving a picnic7. Wh i c h si g n i s ment i one d in t h e c o n v er s at i on?8. What's the p r ob able re l ati o nship be tween the two spea k ers?A.M o m and so n.B.Te a c h erand stud en tC. W a i t r ess and cust o me r听下面一段对话,回答第9至第11三个小题9. W hat i s the woman?A. A r es t a u r an t ownerB.A n i n t e rv i ew e rC. A c a f e wa i t r e ss10. W h e n do people i n.N ew York u su a11y go to r es ta u r a nt s?A. Be t w ee n 5a n d6p.m.B. B e t w e e n 7a n d830 p.m.C. B e t ween 8a n d9 p.m.11. Whi ch r es t au ran ts ar e ge ttin g pop ula r wi t h p e op le in Lo nd o n?A. In d i a n re s t a ura n t s.B. S o u t h A me r ic a n r e s t a ur a ntsC. I t a l i a n r e st au rans听下面一段独白.回答第12至第15四个小题.12. How many days doe s t h e s p e a k er w o r k ever y w eek?A. F iv e.B. Six.C. Seven.13. W h y does t he s p e a k er oite n e at a bi g l un c h?A. H e i s v er y h u n gry.B. He is t o o bus y fo r d in ne rC. He r e a11y l ik e s t he food. 14, Wh a t d oe s the s p ea ker of t en d o t o r e la x at ni g ht?A. Lis te n to m us i cB. W at c h movi e s.C. Go sho p pi n g.15. W hat d oes t he spea k er thl nk o f h is g ro u p m e m be r s?A. Lo ne l y b u t s u cce s s f u1.B. Fam o us and pro f e s si o na1.C. H ardwor Kin g a ndfrien n dly第Ⅱ卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题.每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出最佳选项。

2018年浙江杭州中考英语试卷+答案+解析

2018年杭州市初中毕业升学文化考试(满分:120分考试时间:100分钟)第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

AWhen Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old,his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa,there was no clean water.She said that people often made themselves ill, and even died,just from drinking or bathing in dirty water.What she said made Ryan upset.He decided to raise money for a well(井)so that people in Africa could have clean water.He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70all by himself.Then he found out that it actually cost$2,000to dig a well.Most people would have given up at this point,but not Ryan.He was disappointed, but determined to raise more money.Finally he collected over$2,000.That money was used to dig the first of“Ryan s wells”.Since then,Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells.In fact,Ryan has raised over$1,500,000!Ryan calls himself“a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when he s not in school or travelling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work. As for the future,he has said that he isn t exactly sure what he will choose to do.“Something along the lines of a lawyer or a teacher.Maybe a leader!”16.Ryan s teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to.A.encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in AfricaB.ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in AfricaC.make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointedcate Ryan to care about African people in difficulty17.What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage?A.He is different from other students in many ways.B.He never gives up when he has decided to do something.C.He is talented and can do many great things in the future.D.He s like other students with his own hobby and dreams.18.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Ryan and His TeacherB.Ryan and His WellsC.Ryan and His MoneyD.Ryan and His FutureBWho wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste?Believe it or not,that s exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nations in2015.During the meal,the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made with thrown-away vegetables and fruits.Chef Dan Barber,who helped create the meal,hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food waste.It is a huge problem.One out of nine people on Earth does not get enough food.Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!Why is so much food wasted?Firstly,food is often thrown away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced,or because it is not kept properly in farms. Secondly,shops and supermarkets usually throw away unsold food.Finally,customers often buy more food than they need,so a lot of uneaten food is wasted.How can you waste less food?When eating out,you may ask for less food and take home what is left.Visit fast food restaurants less often,since they are usually more wasteful.Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks.You can also waste less food at e smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice.Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings.Tell family members to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food.Food waste is a growing problem and we,either farmers or food sellers or customers, must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help.19.What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in2015?A.They threw away food as waste during the meal.B.They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruits.C.They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits.D.They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.20.The underlined word“issue”in Paragraph2is closest in meaning to.A.resultB.problemC.causeD.beginning21.The writer organizes Paragraph4by asking a question and.A.giving examplesing numbersC.listing reasonsD.telling a story22.Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage?A.Buying unsold food from supermarkets.B.Keeping food properly in a fridge.ing smaller rice bowls when eating out.D.Asking for less food in restaurants.CBananas are the perfect snack.Not only are they sweet and delicious,but they are easy to carry around,so you can take them anywhere.Best of all,bananas provide different things that the human body needs!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain.They grow on plants that look like trees.The banana plant,however,is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn t have a strong,woody stem(干,茎).The plants can grow as high as30feet.When they reach their full height,flowers grow out from the stem.These flowers produce bananas.Two or three times each year,the plants produce fruit.The bananas grow together, which seem like“hands”.A hand is made up of10to20bananas.Growers sometimes call bananas“fingers”.Each bunch(丛)of bananas has about15hands,and so a whole bunch may have as many as200bananas and can weigh more than100pounds.After about three months,the bananas are ready to be picked.At this point,they still aren t the sunny yellow color of bananas.Farmers pick them when they re green.That s how they re shipped to stores.They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.If you love bananas,you ve got a lot of company.Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in1876.Today,Americans eat more bananas than any other fruit.More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together.Every American eats over26pounds of bananas each year!23.The first paragraph mainly talks about.A.why people like bananasB.how bananas tasteC.what bananas are rich inD.where bananas are taken24.What is the correct order in which these happen?a.The bananas begin to turn yellow.b.A banana plant grows to full height.c.The flowers produce bananas.d.The bananas are ready to be picked.A.c-b-a-dB.b-c-d-aC.b-c-a-dD.c-b-d-a25.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The banana plant is a kind of tree.B.Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.C.One bunch of bananas may weigh over100pounds.D.The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.26.Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?A.Apples.B.Grapes.C.Bananas.D.Oranges.DThere is a popular Chinese saying that“Fair skin(皮肤)will make up for three flaws(缺陷)”.This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture,it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful.In Western culture,however,the opposite is true—many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier.The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful.These cultural meanings of beauty, however,are no longer important.As more and more people travel overseas,ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures.The Internet has also made it easier for people toshare different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful.The cultural practice of ear piercings,for example,has become a part of modern day culture.In Kenya,it is a tradition among the Masai men and women to pierce and then make their ear lobes(耳垂)longer using ivory and wood or stones.They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes.This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sign of beauty.This tradition has now found its way into present-day culture.Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some,but with more and more well-known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes,it will finally become more fashionable.It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty.However,since we now live in a worldwide society,people s views about beauty are always changing.With the help of the Internet,people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out.So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?27.What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?A.The development of technology.B.The popularity of the latest fashions.C.The unchanged cultural traditions.D.The world s growing population.28.What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?A.Longer ear lobes are their new fashion.B.Only women make their ear lobes longer.C.They think longer ear lobes look beautiful.D.They make actors and film stars famous.29.The underlined word“them” in the last paragraph refers to.A.peopleB.ideasC.culturesD.fashions30.What is the passage mainly about?A.People in Asian countries like fair skin better.B.Beauty is considered important in many cultures.C.Different cultures have different ideas about beauty.D.People s ideas about beauty are changing all the time.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)下面文章中有五处(第31—35题)需要添加小标题。

浙江省杭州市2018年中考数学真题试题(含答案)

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浙江省2018年中考试题（杭州卷）语文试题卷一、（30分）1．下列句中加点字的注音和画线词语的书写全都正确的一项是（3分）A．西湖龙井茶的历史可追溯（suò）到我国唐代，在“茶圣”陆羽撰写的《茶经》中，就有杭州天竺、灵隐二寺产茶的记载（zi）。

B．鹳鹊楼又称鹳雀楼，因时有鹳雀栖（x）息其上而得名，坐落在蒲州（今山西永济）府城；后倾圮，其匾（bin）额移至城楼上。

C．突如奇来的暴雨带来了丰沛（pèi）的降水，植物种子纷纷发芽、生长，往日死寂的沙漠不久就变成了绚（xuàn）丽的花海。

D．英雄精神既体现在刹（chà）那间的生死抉择，也体现在经年累（li）月的执着坚守，比如那些默默钻研技术几十载的航天人。

阅读下面的文字，完成2-3题。

当今的艺术仿佛在兴致勃勃地享受一场技术的盛宴，舞台上扑朔迷离的灯光，3D电影院里上下左右晃动的座椅，魔术师利用光学仪器制造的视觉误差等……从声光电的全面介入到各种闻所未闻的机械设备，技术的发展速度令人吃惊。

然而，有多少人思考过这个问题：技术到底赋予了艺术什么？关于世界，关于历史，关于神秘莫测的人心——技术增添了哪些发现？在许多贪大求奢的文化工程、文艺演出中，我们不难看到技术崇拜正在形成。

2．文段中加点的词语，运用不正确的一项是（3分）A．仿佛 B．扑朔迷离 C．赋予 D．神秘莫测3．文段中画线的标点，使用有误的一项是（2分）A． B． C． D．4．下列句子中没有语病的一项是（3分）A．近年来杭州积极创造人才国际化进程，越来越多的国际人才来杭创业，去年海外人才净流入率位居全国城市第一。

B．受西太平洋副热带高压脊位置变化影响，导致未来几天我市将持续出现高温天气，大部分区县最高气温可达38。

C．为纪念马克思诞生200周年，学校决定在5月份举行有关马克思的图片展览、学术研讨、征文比赛等大型主题活动。

D．商务部发布《主要消费品供需状况统计调查分析报告》显示，消费者对进口商品的需求旺盛，进口商品成为市场“新宠”。

5．下列文学常识、文化常识表述有错误的一项是（3分）A．成语“舍生取义”“老骥伏枥”“豁然开朗”分别出自《孟子》、曹操的《龟虽寿》、陶渊明的《桃花源记》。

B．对联“失马真成福移山未必愚”取材于韩愈的《马说》与《列子》，化用了“伯乐相马”“愚公移山”的典故。

C．古人常以“加冠”“而立”“不惑”“知天命”“耳顺”代称二十岁、三十岁、四十岁、五十岁和六十岁。

D．古人称谓有谦称和尊称的区别，比如“愚”是谦称自己，“子”是尊称对方，“尊君”是尊称对方的父亲。

6．古诗文名句填空。

（6分）（1）黄鹤一去不复返，。

（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）（2）天下英雄谁敌手？曹刘。

（辛弃疾《南多子·登京口北固亭有怀》）（3），小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马。

（马致远《天净沙·秋思》（4）制裁“中兴”通讯公司，美国政府显然是“”，他们真正的目的是为了阻止中国高科技发展的步伐。

（选用《醉翁亭记》中的句子）（5）不管是在荣誉面前，还是受到不公正对待，作为一名老党员，他都能泰然处之，“，”。

（选用《岳阳楼记》中的句子）7．名著阅读。

（5分）（1）在横线上填写与名著内容概述相对应的书名（范围为指定的名著阅读书目）。

（2分）《》，记叙了作者童年的生活和青年时求学的历程，追忆那些难以忘怀的人和事，抒发了对亲友和师长的怀念之情。

《》，通过叙写一波三折的爱情故事，塑造了一个出身低微、生活道路曲折，却始终坚持维护独立人格，追求个性自由、不向命运低头的女性形象。

（2）名著中的主要人物，往往具有多面性。

从下列人物中任选一个，结合相关情节进行分析。

（3分）A．宋江 B．猪八戒 C．虎妞示例：尼德·兰——性情暴躁，常打算逃跑；但在危急关头能挺身而出，如当尼摩船长为救采珠人被鲨鱼攻击时，他用钢叉刺中鲨鱼，挽救了船长的性命。

8．根据语境，完成任务。

（5分）班上有些同学写作文经常使用“呆萌”“666”“酱紫”“抓狂”之类的网络词语。

对此，语文老师提出了“如何看待作文中使用网络词语”的问题，鼓励同学们积极思考，在课堂上进行交流。

请拟写100字左右的发言稿，要求有观点，有理由，有条理。

二、（30分）阅读下面的文章，完成9-16题。

（一）老木匠桑伯徐惠林在陶子树家的东厢房里，桑伯正使劲刨着榆木床腿。

沿着锋利的刨刀，木片胶卷般打起卷儿，木屑如虫豸飞舞，沉香弥漫开来。

桑伯眯起眼，不时躬身察看新拉下的墨绳痕迹。

“这榆木是好料，少说有20年了。

”桑伯接过陶子树递来的香烟，用袖口擦了把满胡碴的汗珠子。

“从山里女婿那里拉来的。

桑伯，我就信你的手艺。

”“我这手艺，卖给识货的。

”桑伯用手摩挲着床腿，“我就不信，我这把式就赶不上城里那一捶就破的组合家具。

”一双紧握刨子四十载的老手，青筋凸起，仍是那样有劲。

陶家的木工活，还是儿子桑果给联系来的。

桑果这独苗是桑伯40岁时才得的，看看床底下被废弃的各类木玩具，就可知道他是多么疼爱儿子。

娘死得早，桑果能体谅父亲对木工活的感情，甚至能背出父亲当年拜师求艺的苦经，可就是不肯“接班”。

大前年高考落了榜，不肯再念书，在水城撑起了爿家具店。

经营的家具可不是桑伯的“作品”，都是些新潮样式的。

为此，桑伯的心闷闷的。

那天桑果告知父亲，陶家二儿子要结婚，他爸主张做套厚实、经久耐用的老式家具。

桑伯第二天一早就挑起了木匠担。

快一个月没活了，那斧头快锈了，刨子早就犯了痒。

煦阳从窗外投射进来，桑伯一口气刨好了四条大床木腿，写字台的台面也被刨得锃亮锃亮。

午饭的菜很丰盛，桑伯破例喝了些酒，越喝脸越红，越喝言语越少。

陶子树却越喝话越多——“我说桑伯，这年月真有些不对劲了，就说我这理发的活，村里也只剩下几个老伙计肯请我伺候。

现在那些补锅匠连个影儿都见不着了，我家那口大锅都漏半个月了。

听说洪村的箍桶匠张土根上月把担子扔进了苕溪里，到水城去摆水果摊了……”桑伯不言语，只是听着。

他吃了半碗饭，又马上操起了家伙。

借着酒力，刨子、斧头运转飞快。

少顷，开始给木床雕花。

深深浅浅，左左右右，时而柔如抚儿头发，时而刚似快刀斩麻。

在粗糙的手里，那小小的雕刀宛如游动的泥鳅。

汗水从深蓝的外衣里渗出来。

此刻就要雕那朵老梅了，桑伯几乎憋住了呼吸，眼眸深处闪动着一种异样温和、慈爱的柔情。

雕完，抽刀时，刀口划进了手指，一串滚圆的血珠落下，梅花被染得鲜红。

桑伯忘了疼痛，痴迷地盯着血珠在梅蕊上绽开，一行泪水溢出眼眶。

忙完了陶家的活，桑伯回到家里，当晚就病了。

一连几天胸闷、喘气，茶饭不思。

桑果从水城赶了回来，隔壁村未过门的儿媳水妹也赶来照料。

两人陪父亲到水城医院诊治。

体检结果：一切正常。

第二天一早，桑果、水妹陪桑伯回湾。

桑果嘀咕着：“爸这阵子太累了。

”“让爸别干木工活了，又不缺钱花。

”水妹低声说。

桑果连忙摇头：“当心爸在后面听见。

”“可能是陶子树那二小子给气的。

他嫌爸做的太老套，前天又进城买了套组合式的。

”桑果靠近水妹的耳朵说。

今年的春天似乎提前到来，村口的榆树已满枝新芽。

生活仍像那门前的溪水，时缓时急地淌着。

桑伯毅然作出了决定，要把那套营生的家伙扔进火灶，被儿子苦苦请求才作罢。

午后的阳光很有点暖意，桑伯细眯着眼睛，稳稳地坐在新楼的后院里。

他的头发白了很多。

那只贴紧老人的新靠椅，散发出一种宁静幽香的气息。

这只檀木靠椅，是他病愈后，用他藏了10多年的木料，打制的唯一留给自己的作品。

（选自《山西日报》，有改动）9．分析下列句子反映的人物心理。

（4分）“我这手艺，卖给识货的。

”桑伯用手摩挲着床腿，“我就不信，我这把式就赶不上城里那一捶就破的组合家具。

”桑伯忘了疼痛，痴迷地盯着血珠在梅蕊上绽开，一行泪水溢出了眼眶。

10．桑果不肯“接班”，又苦苦请求父亲不要把木匠的工具扔进火灶，为什么？（4分）11．品味下面语句，分析语言特点及其表达效果。

（4分）深深浅浅，左左右右，时而柔如抚儿头发，时而刚似快刀斩麻。

在粗糙的手里，那小小的雕刀宛如游动的泥鳅，汗水从深蓝的外衣里渗出来。

12．文章塑造桑伯这一人物有什么意义？联系全文谈谈你的理解。

（4分）（二）“刷脸时代”来临，您准备好了吗？“漂亮的脸蛋能出大米吗？”曾是一句著名的电影台词。

在刷脸支付时代来临的当下，每一张普通的脸蛋都有可能刷出钱来，作为一种新型支付方式，刷脸支付采用了人工智能、生物识别、大数据风控技术，让用户在无需携带任何设备的情况下，凭借刷脸完成支付。

靠谱的刷脸技术刷脸认证的靠谱程度到底有多高？准确度能与人眼识别相比吗？对此，有关专家举了个例子：像《碟中谍》里汤姆·克鲁斯那样采用人皮面具这招，己无法从目前人脸识别技术下蒙混过关，因为其识别准确率已达到99．99%。

刷脸支付具有以下特点：采用人脸检测技术，可防止用照片、视频冒充真人，有高安全性；人脸比对结果实时返回，有高实时性；采用海量人脸比对，有高准确率。

例如某餐饮企业在进行人脸识别前，会用3D红外深度摄像头进行检测，判断采集到的人脸是否是照片、视频等，能有效避免各种人脸伪造带来的身份冒用情况。

尤其利好老年人刷脸技术用于银行卡等的小额支付时，对老年人很友好。

老年人一般记性会变差，各种卡的密码又不能设得太简单。

刷脸支付，用户不必记住多个复杂的密码，降低了老年用户使用难度。

人脸识别技术，可以很好地解决身份证、社保卡等容易丢失或被盗的问题。

在授权的应用程序上，用户刷脸完成身份核验后，就能领取电子交通卡、电子社保卡等，不再需要随身携带实体证件。

部分人担心的因化妆等使容颜发生变化的问题，要看具体情况。

机器可识别化妆，但若整容幅度过大，或脸部信息随着年龄增长而改变，则可能无法识别。

不过，使用者只需去系统更新脸部照片就可解决。

进入“弱隐私”时代刷脸支付就好比是一把“芝麻开门”的钥匙，开启系统进入应用过程中，大量用户的“人脸”信息被采集并储存。

与之连通的商业机构等均有可能“正当”地获取用户的个人信息，包括姓名、职业、手机号……还有你的脸，甚至你不同的表情等。

在信息即价值的时代，这样精准翔实的“立体”资料，必将成为各万环伺围猎的目标。

但并不是说，“人脸”被收录就必然指向泄漏，乃至被用来行骗牟利；只是刷脸技术的成熟，让我们真正进入了一个“弱隐私”时代。

加之行业内各自为政，缺乏统一标准，使得形势更为严峻。

在这个技术日新月异、个人信息收录十分便捷的时代，如何看好我们的“脸”，值得我们每个人深思。

（根据谈璎同题文章改编）13．文中举汤姆·克鲁斯的例子，有什么作用？（2分）14．阅读下列句子，回答括号中的问题。

（4分）在信息即价值的时代，这样精准翔实的“立体”资料，必将成为各方环伺围猎的目标。

（“围猎”有什么表达效果？）在这个技术日新月异，个人信息收录十分便捷的时代，如何看好我们的“脸”，值得我们每个人深思。