二轮复习 (四)介 词

二轮复习(四)介词

常用介词

[全析考法]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2018•6月浙江高考)If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home ________ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.

解析：for此处for ...与前面的go to ...搭配，表示目的。

2．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) ________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

解析：as分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语表示“作为一种抵抗心脏病的方式”。as 意为“作为”。

3．(2017•全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before going to university to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture.

解析：in名词degree意为“学位”，后面应该跟介词in，表示“在……方面”。a degree in engineering or architecture意为“工程学或建筑学学位”。

4．(2016•全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.

解析：with with one's hands“用某人的手”。介词with意为“用”。

5．(2016•四川高考)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years.

解析：for句意：熊猫妈妈对小熊猫的照顾会持续两年多。“for＋时间段”表示持续一段时间。

6．(2015•全国卷Ⅰ)For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away __________ car and offers all the scenery of the better­known city.

解析：by此处表示“驱车只有一小时的路程”。“by＋交通工具名词”为固定用法。7．(2015•广东高考)One day, the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she fell over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living ________ the cow.

解析：without根据语境可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此约翰逊一家人就不得不在没有了奶牛的情况下谋生。故填without。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2018•全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.________________

解析：去掉for此处的every two years是名词性短语，意为“每两年”，在句中作状语，其前不用介词。

2．(2018•全国卷Ⅱ)Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.________________

解析：for→with play the games with sb.为习惯性用法，意为“和某人一起玩游戏”。3．(2017•全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.________________

解析：去掉第二个of realize是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语从句“how fast time flies”。

4．(2015•全国卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.________________

解析：on→with with the development of为固定短语，意为“随着……的发展”。5．(2015•全国卷Ⅱ)One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.________________

解析：on→in根据语境可知，玩具是摆放在商店的橱窗里面的，故用介词in。6．(2015•陕西高考)My soccer coach retired in last week.________________

解析：去掉in last week“上个星期”，前面无需加介词。

7．(2015•四川高考)Please help with me and give me some advice.________________

解析：去掉with动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。

[谨记规则]

1．against的用法

含义例句

反对；违背；

与……相反Are you for or against the plan?

你是赞成还是反对该计划？

触；碰；撞；紧靠；倚靠Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back against a big tree.

吉姆累了，背靠着一棵大树很快便睡着了。

与……竞争We will be competing against the best companies in Europe.

我们将会和欧洲的顶级公司竞争。

防备，抵御They took measures against the fire.

他们采取了防火措施。

以……为背景，衬托The hill looks more beautiful against the blue sky.在蓝天的映衬下，山峰更显美丽。

2．at的用法

含义及用法例句

用在表示地点、场合、方位等的名词前，表示“在某处”I'll pick you up at the airport at 2 o'clock this afternoon.

今天下午两点我会到机场接你。

用在表示时刻、钟点、期间、……岁、时节等的名词前He left school at (the age of) 16.他16岁便离开了学校。

表示“以，按(价格、速度、数量等)”Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.

以正常价格收取门票费，无须预约。

表示“因……而；一听到/看到/想到……就……”We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到这可怕的景象，我们被吓到了。

表示“朝，向(某方向、目标)”He shot at the bird but missed it.

他向那只鸟射击，但是没射中。

表示“在……方面”She's hopeless at managing people.

她对人事管理一窍不通。

3．beyond的用法

含义例句