桂林理工大学2020年《888西方经济学》考研专业课真题试卷
2020年广西桂林理工大学综合英语考研真题附答案
2020年广西桂林理工大学综合英语考研真题Part I Structure and Expression (30分,每题1分)Directions: In this section there are 30 sentences followed by four multiple choices. Choose one to complete the sentences. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. A child with healthy appetite rarely dislikes food _____ it is badly cooked.A. unlessB. untilC. ifD. in that2.No one can be _____ hasty in making the decision as it is such a critical case.A. veryB. soC. tooD. that3._____ students have certain “gift” in common, they should be grouped together.A. WhileB. WhereC. WhenD. As4. his graduation, he found a job with a decent income.A. AtB. DuringC. WithD. Upon5.If these human initiatives are aided by special quality-control instruments,machines, and scientific sampling procedures, _______.A. so much the betterB. the much betterC. so it’ll be betterD.be it the better6. writers, like Flaubert, will spend days trying to get one or two sentencesexactly right.A. CarefulB. CautiousC. ScrupulousD. Prudent7.And the polluted water does not merely the life of the sea but threatensthe people who inhabit and visit its shores.A. stiffB. strifeC. stifleD. strive8.Such diseases as typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis andfood poisoning are _______ in the area, and there are periodic outbreaks of cholera.A. epidemicB. endemicC. rifeD. rampant9.An even greater risk in the ageing underground gas-pipes.A. larksB. luresC. lurchesD. lurks10.Anti-materialists tent to the importance of things.A. deriveB. derideC. depriveD. driveter school start time’s contribution to teenagers’ academic performance isnot an one.A. suspiciousB. vagueC. equivocalD. equivalent12.The undeveloped technology of the period the construction of moredelicate walls.A. secludedB. precludedC. concludedD. deluded13.Human beings feature their creative ability to trivial impulses intomomentous consequences.A. transformB. translateC. transmuteD. transmit14.Hypocrisy is the that vice pays to virtue.A. contributeB. attributeC. distributeD. tribute15.Most of his study time is _____ by computer games.A. absorbedB. ingestedC. digestedD. devoured16.Mary is very as she is constantly changing her mind.A. suspiciousB. capriciousC. deliciousD. precarious17.The rich ___ themselves from contact with the poor.A. residedB. retreatedC. secludedD. groped18.He found it hard to choose furniture that was ____ with the modern style of thehouse.A. constantB. consistentC. consequentD. constituent19.One’s _____ remark at the wrong moment could ruin the whole plan.A. indiscreetB. improperC. inappropriateD. impossible20.The average Chinese people will _____ themselves for years to buy a house.A. stingB. stinkC. stintD. stir21.Our progress was _____ by the extreme weather.A. hamperedB. forbiddenC. stoppedD. suspended22.The negotiation had reached a(n)_____, with both parties refusing to makecompromise.A. dilemmaB. difficultyC. embarrassmentD. impasse23.This new laser printer is _____ with all leading software.A. comparableB. competitiveC. compatibleD. cooperative24.Problems have been _____ by long neglect.A. evacuatedB. agitatedC. decapitatedD. aggravated25.A visitor must _____ to the customs of the country where he lives.A. informB. conformC. confirmD. affirm26.It is far too difficult for the young adult to _____ between truth and falsehood.A. discernB. discardC. disperseD. disregard27.In the _____ light I could hardly make out the way home.A. frailB. failingC. failedD. fail28.Drinking water before your meal will take the _____ off your hunger.A. edgeB. edictC. edibleD. eddy29.Those who are _____ of profits will not always be happy.A. insatiableB. fondC. insaneD. critical30.It _____ on me that Johnson had been making us nobody but a fool all along.A. dweltB. dawnedC. restedD. layPart II Figure of Speech (10分,每题1分)Directions: Identify the figure of speech in each of the following sentences. Choose the best answer from the box and write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. I wandered lonely as a cloud that floats over valleys and hills.2. The mother is undergoing the joyful pain, and the painful joy of childbirth.3. Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.4. A thousand mustaches can live together, but not four breasts.5. A lie can travel half way around the world while the truth is putting on itsshoes.6. He was both out of pocket and out of spirits by that catastrophe, failed in hishealth and prophesied the speedy ruin of the empire.7. Technological progress has merely provided us with more efficient means for goingbackwards.8. The American society saw a gnawing poverty during the tears of the GreatDepression.9. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.10. Nest to health, heart, home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon theautomobile.Part III Blank Filling (20分,每题1分)Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to fill in each blank in the following passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 4 position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should 5 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 6 them for a field of work rather than for a single 7 .Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 8 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 9 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 10 . Some drift from job to job. Others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 12 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students -- or their parents for them -- choose the professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “White-collar” job is 15 good reason for choosing it as life’s work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 19 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security;others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.Part IV Paraphrase (20分,每题2分)Directions: Explain the following sentences in your own words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English.2. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveries.3. Much of human existence consists of efforts aimed at making sure that things don’t go wrong, fall apart, break down, or stop running until a decent interval has elapsed after manufacture.4. The idea of using a product once or for a brief period and then replacing it, runs counter to the grain of societies or individuals steeped in a heritage of poverty.5. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.6. Finally, with both of us combining our linguistic and imaginative resources, finally, after what seems another hour, we decode it.7. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.8. So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction.9. Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since the initial outlay upon equipment or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels.10. For all the trouble procrastination may incur, delay can often inspire and revivea creative soul.Part V Word Formation (10分,每题1分)Directions: Write out the full form of the following words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. ASEAN2. APEC3. CIIE4. BRICS5. NBC6. e-cigar7. radar8. Brexit9. motel 10. ecotourismPart VI General Knowledge (10分,每题1分)Directions: Choose the best answer to each of the 10 multiple-choice questions. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. _____is the capital of Canada.A.VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD.York2. U.S. presidents normally serve a (n) _____ term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year3. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.4. _____is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic ChurchB. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England5. The novel Emma is written by_____.A. Mary ShelleyB. Charlotte BrontëC. Elizabeth C. GaskellD. JaneAusten6. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George C. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.7. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for _____.A. his poemsB. his playsC. his short storiesD. his novels8. Syntax is the study of _____.A. language functionsB. sentence structuresC. textual organizationD. word formation9. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Productivity.C. Cultural transmission.D. Finiteness.10. The speech act theory was first put forward by _____.A. John SearleB. John AustinC. Noam ChomskyD. M.A.K. HallidayPart VII Proof Reading and Error Correction (10分,每题1分)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ ^ ” and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.Part VIII Reading Comprehension (40分,每题2分)Directions: In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.TEXT AStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket priceshave stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.1. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.A. the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenueB. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stageC. the two branches of the RSC are not on good termsD. the townsfolk earn little from tourism2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separatelyB. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseersC. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoersD. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater3. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2, Paragraph 4), theauthor implies that ________.A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projectsB. Stratford has long been in financial difficultiesC. the town is not really short of moneyD. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid4. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because ________.A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spendingB. the company is financially ill-managedC. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptableD. the theatre attendance is on the rise5. From the text we can conclude that the author ________.A. is supportive of both sidesB. favors the townsfolk’s viewC. takes a detached attitudeD. is sympathetic to the RSCTEXT BMany things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!” commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter thana clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.6. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intendsto show that ________.A. poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB. art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC. poets today are less skeptical of happinessD. artists have changed their focus of interest7. The word “bummer” (Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something ________.A. religiousB. unpleasantC. entertainingD. commercial8. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.A. emerges in the wake of the anti-happy artB. is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC. replaces the church as a major source of informationD. creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself9. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes ________.A. happiness more often than not ends in sadnessB. the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshingC. misery should be enjoyed rather than deniedD. the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms10. Which of the following is true of the text?A. Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.B. Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.C. People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.D. Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.TEXT CNot long after the telephone was invented, I assume, a call was placed. The caller was a parent saying, “your child is bullying my child, and I want it stopped!”The bully’s parent replied, “you must have the wrong number. My child is a little angel.”A trillion phone calls later, the conversation is the same. When children are teased or tyrannized, the parental impulse is to grab the phone and rant. But these days, as studies in the U.S. show that bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline, researchers who study bullying say that calling moms and dads is more futile than ever. Such calls often lead to playground recriminations and don’t really teach our kids any lessons about how to navigate the world and resolve conflicts.When you call parents, you want them to “extract the cruelty” from their bullying children, says Laura Kavesh, a child psychologist in Evanston, Illinois. “But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won’t believe it.” In a recent police department survey in Oak Harbor, Washington, 89% of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18% of parents thought their children would act as bullies.In a new U.S.PTA survey, 5% of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted, causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say, parents should get objective outsiders, like principals, to mediate.Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child's bullying, listen without getting defensive. That’s what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy’s food. Her son had confessed, but the victim’s mom “wanted to make sure my son hadn’t given her son a nasty disease,” says McHugh, who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh’s son that his bad behavior was being taken seriously. McHugh, founder of Parents Coach Kids, a group that teaches parenting skills, sent the mom the test results. All were negative.Remember: once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it in your pocket.11. The word “bullying” probably means______.A. frightening and hurtingB. teasingC. behaving like a tyrantD. laughing at12. Calling to a bully’s parent ______.A. has long existed but changed its contentB. is often done with careful thinkingC. often leads to blaming and misunderstandingD. is used to warn the child not to do it again13. According to the surveys in the U.S., _______.A. bullying among adults is also risingB. parents are not supervising their children wellC. parents seldom believe bulliesD. most parents resort to calling to deal with bullying14. When bullying occurs, parents should_______.A. help the bulling child get rid of crueltyB. resort to the mediatorC. avoid getting too protectiveD. resist the temptation of calling15. Laura McHugh promised to get the bullied boy tested for diseases because________.A. her son confessed to being wrongB.she was afraid to annoy the boy’s parentC.he was likely to be affected by these diseasesD.she wanted to teach her own son a lessonTEXT DFor thousands of Canadians, bad service is neither make-believe nor amusing. It is an aggravating and worsening real-life phenomenon that encompasses behavior ranging from indifference and rudeness to naked hostility and even physical violence. Across the country, better business bureaus report a lengthening litany of complaints about contractors, car dealers, and repair shops, moving companies, airlines and department stores. There is almost an adversarial feeling between businesses and consumers.Experts say there are several explanations for ill feeling in the marketplace. One is that customer service was an early and inevitable casualty when retailers responded to brutal competition by replacing employees with technology such as 1～800 numbers and voice mail. Another factor is that business generally has begun placing more emphasis on getting customers than on keeping them. Still another is that strident, frustrated and impatient shoppers vex shop owners and make them even less hospitable -- especially at busier times of the year like Christmas. On both sides, simple courtesy has gone by the board. And for a multitude of consumers, service went with it.The Better Business Bureau at Vancouver gets 250 complaints a week, twice as many as five years ago. The bureau then had one complaints counselor and now has four. People complain about being insulted, having their intelligence and integrity questioned, and being threatened. One will hear about people being hauled almost bodily out the door by somebody saying things like “I don’t have to serve you!”or “This is private property, get out and don’t come back! ” What can customers do? If the bureau’s arbitration process fails to settle a dispute, a customer’s only recourse is to sue in claims court. But because of the costs and time it takes, relatively few ever do.There is a lot of support for the notion that service has, in part, fallen victimto generational change. Many young people regard retailing as just a bead-end job that you're just going to do temporarily on your way to a real job. Young clerks often lack both knowledge and civility. Employers have to train young people in simple manners because that is not being done at home. Salespeople today, especially the younger ones, have grown up in a television-computer society where they’ve interacted largely with machines. One of the biggest complaints from businesses about graduates is the lack of inter-personal skills.What customers really want is access. They want to get through when they call, they don’t want busy signals, they don’t want interactive systems telling them to push one for this and two for that -- they don’t want voice mail. And if customers do not get what they want, they defect. Some people go back to local small businesses: the Asian greengrocer, a Greek baker and a Greek fishmonger. They don’t wear name tags, but one gets to know them, all by name.16.At a business place of bad service, the worst one can get is________.A.indifference and rudenessB.naked hostility and physical violenceC.having intelligence and integrity questionedD.being insulted and threatened17.One of the reasons for such ill feeling in the marketplace is that________.A.shoppers are usually strident, frustrated and impatientB.shoppers often take businesses to courtC.businesses use new technology instead of employeesD.businesses try every means to get customers18.What changes have taken place at Vancouver Better Service Bureau in the past five years?A.More effective.B. Less bureaucracy.B.More business. D. Better staff.19.Young clerks often lack interpersonal skills chiefly because they______.A.are skilled in dealing with machines, not peopleB.are not trained in simple manners at homeC.fall victims to generational changeD.take retailing to be a temporary job20.The author’s attitude towards businesses and bad service is________.A.attackingB. understandingC. regrettingD. warning。
2020年广西桂林理工大学翻译硕士英语考研真题
2020年⼴西桂林理⼯⼤学翻译硕⼠英语考研真题2020年⼴西桂林理⼯⼤学翻译硕⼠英语考研真题Part I Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.（每⼩题0.5分，共10分）1. I’m awfully sorry to have delayed answering your letter because of pressureof work.A. extendedB. stoppedC. postponedD. changed2. The theatre has been forced to beg for donation in order to keep it running.A.settleB. applyC. lookD. ask3. The fire in the office block was eventually brought under control.A. expectedlyB. finallyC. successfullyD. completely4. Sea snakes inject a poison so strong that it kills a fish instantly.A. effortlesslyB. easilyC. immediatelyD. finally5. When everyone was busy talking I slipped away.A. ran hurriedlyB. fell down on the groundC. left quietlyD. tiptoed6. Marx offered a profound analysis of the economic crisis.A. successfulB. correctC. deep7. He gazed with longing and expectation into the future.A. wonderB. indifferenceC. desireD. curiosity8. The horse relaxed, and the rider slackened the rein.A. tightenedB. untiedC. fastenedD. loosened9. Don’t drag that table across the room, you’ll scratch the floor!A. tearB. pullC. drawD. push10. Mr. Brown is someone all the students look up to.A. missB. respectC. fearD. treat11. Don’t bother your boss with such unimportant matters.A. unworthyB. stupidC. optionalD. petty12. Barack Obama’s victory in the American presidential election was overwhelming.A. importantB. greatC. timelyD. unexpected13. Why are the contents of the next person’s shopping trolley always more alluring than one’s own?A. dissuasiveB. scaryD. constructive14. There is a slight difference in meaning between the two books.A. hugeB. subtleC. moderateD. gigantic15. She gradually perceived that her parents had been right.A. noticedB. knewC. acceptedD. realized16. He hated the war so much that he decided to leave the army for good.A. permanentlyB. for himselfC. for a short whileD. temporarily17. The answer had come to him in a flash.A. afterwardB. very quicklyC. in a glanceD. in a hurry18. The word “Hack” is a term of the technology culture which has come into existence over the past few decades.A. come into beingB. widely usedC. become rareD. come forward19. The director has confessed himself puzzled by the company’s losses.A. toldB. acknowledgedC. comfortedD. reminded20. It’s downright impossible to finish the task in two days.A. downwardC. completelyD. perfectlyPart II Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the parenthesis. （每⼩题1分，共20分）1. This is Jim, my personal _________. (assist)2. Although I was quite sure that she has stolen my wallet, I could not find any__________. (prove)3. Completely exhausted, the soldiers could hardly walk any______. (far)4. Without your _________ he would never have been able to do it. (encourage)5. I haven’t received any pay rise for 3 years; I think all the other ______ have the same experience. (employ)6. The _______ of the money from the cash-box show that somebody in this office is a thief. ( appear)7. When I asked her about where she wanted to hold the meeting, she didn’t express any particular ________(prefer)8. Who can ______me that I’m wrong? (assurance)9. We should work out a global________ to develop our markets. ( strategically)10. After long________, she decided to turn down the job offer. (deliberate)11. She couldn’t stand the _________ and unfriendliness in the office so she decided to resign. ( compete)12. As a typical ______, he never took any noon nap. ( workaholism)13. Everyone among his friends and colleagues knew it _________.(instant)14. He worked himself to death, finally and ________, at 3:00 a.m. Sunday morning. (precise)15. They would depart ________as if leaving the crime scene without calling the police. (reluctance)16. Every house in this area is ________ against fire and theft.(insurance)17. It is _________ that none of them got invitation to the party. ( regret)18. It never _______ to me that he was a two-faced snobbish person. (occurrence)19. The of human species has been a long process. (evolve)20. How often do we__________people on how well they look, or express ourappreciation for their’ kindness? (complimentary)Part III Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words （每⼩题1分，共10分）1.It’s no wonder that, despite their carefree facade, they are often confused, uncertain andtroubled. ___________.2.If our parents didn’t get them for us, we felt our world fall apart. _________3.We slipped away to L.A. to tie the knot. _______4.Given that I’m color-blinded, it’s nearly impossible for me to become a driver. ________5.Conferences and business meetings around the world are held in English, regardless of whetheranyone present is a native English speaker. __________6.The door opened and a little girl stood there, peering at me. _________8.Unfortunately, integrity is in short supply today. _________9.Phil was a Type A, a heart-attack natural. ___________10.It is, in short, an agreeable, easy place to go about one’s business on foot. _______Part IV Fill in each blank with a word or phrase taken from the box. (每⼩题1分，共10分)1.fashionable.2.A: Have you heard form Joan?B: No, I got a letter from her - when was it?- Oh, it must have been _____.3.A: Have you read any good books_______?B: Well, I’ve_____ finished the novel borrowed from library.4.Michael left for America in the 1980s. He_____ found a job and got married. It was only ______that he managed to come back to Europe.5.When my father retires, he will______ move to his country cottage. _______ he will sell histown flat and settle in the country.6.I’ve only seen the mayor________, when he visited the local hospital.7.He’s _______ been working at night.Part V Explain in your own words the following sentences（每⼩题3分，共30分）1.In the United States we have become so habituated to using the car for everything that it doesn’t occur to us to unfurl our legs and see what those lower limbs can do. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.He had no outside “extracurricular interests,” unless, of course, you thinkabout a monthly golf game that way.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____3.Popularity was not so important: running with the crowd was no longer a law ofsurvival.______________________________________________________________________________ __4.The god of mirth is paying us back for all those years of thinking fun waseverywhere by refusing to come to our party.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____5.Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs?______________________________________________________________________________ __7.When you know you are right, you can’t back down.______________________________________________________________________________ __8.Integrity means having a personal standard of morality and ethics that does notsell out to expediency.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____9.When young, you are apt to be obsessed with your appearance.______________________________________________________________________________ _10.I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness,indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____Part VI Writing. (每⼩题20分，共20分)Directions： Write a composition in 250 words with a clear thesis statement and effective supporting arguments. The Virtues of Growing Up。
2012西方经济答案
桂林理工大学2012－2013年第一学期硕士研究生课程考试试题科目名称：西方经济学（总分100分，）注意：请将答题写在答卷纸上。
一、解释名词（每题3分，共12分）1、范围经济指企业通过扩大经营范围，增加产品种类，生产两种或两种以上的产品而引起的单位成本的降低。
与规模经济不同，它通常是企业或生产单位从生产或提供某种系列产品(与大量生产同一产品不同)的单位成本中获得节省。
而这种节约来自分销、研究与开发和服务中心（像财会、公关）等部门。
范围经济一般成为企业采取多样化经营战略的理论依据。
范围经济是研究经济组织的生产或经营范围与经济效益关系的一个基本范畴。
2、恩格尔系数:是根据恩格尔定律得出的比例数，反映的是食品支出占个人消费支出的比重，越富裕的家庭，食品支出占比越低。
根据联合国粮农组织的标准划分，恩格尔系数在40%-49%为小康，30%-39%为富裕，30%以下为最富裕。
3、机会成本:是指为了得到某种东西而所要放弃另一些东西的最大价值。
即在面临多方案择一决策时，被舍弃的选项中的最高价值者是本次决策的机会成本。
4、GDP平减指数：又称GDP缩减指数，GDP折算指数，是指没有剔除物价变动前的GDP(现价GDP)增长与剔除了物价变动后的GDP(即不变价GDP或实质GDP)增长之商。
这一指数能够更加准确地反映一般物价水平走向,是对价格水平最宏观测量二、简答（每小题6分，共18分)1、经济学研究的基本问题是什么？解决基本问题的决定因素是什么？经济学研究的基本问题是生产什么？如何生产？为谁生产？“生产什么”要解决的问题是如何选择用总量既定的生产资源来生产哪些产品，并最大限度地满足人们的需要，也就是资源配置的问题。
“如何生产”要解决的是在生产同一种产品的许多种不同方法（如多用资本和少用劳动的方法，少用资本多用劳动的方法）中选择一种成本最低或者最有效率的方法，这既要从技术角度考虑，也要从经济角度考虑。
一种生产方法是有效的，是指我们不可能增加一种商品的生产而不从另一种商品的生产中抽取资源，从而减少另一种商品的产量。
天津大学考研真题—888西方经济学2001(刘海军6.5修改过)(许明波绿色部分)修改8.10
天津大学研究生院2001年招收硕士生入学试题考试科目：西方经济学一、解释名词（共10分）1．学习曲线2．有效需求3．平衡预算乘数4．LM曲线5．纳什均衡二、单项挑选题（共20分）1．经济学的研究对象是（）A．人类需要 B．自由取用物品C．稀缺资源配置 D．如何降低费用2．奢靡品的需求收入弹性系数为（）A．Ei >0 B．Ei>1C．0<Ei<1 D．前面各项。
3．彻低竞争厂商持久均衡的特点是（）A．厂商获得经济利润 B．低效率厂商退出C．高效率厂商进入 D．P=LACmin4．一条水平的价格-消费曲线（PCC）表明（）A．Ed =1 B．Ed<1C．Ed >1 D．Ed=05．为增强基础货币，财政部出售政府债券的对象是（）A．居民 B．商业银行C．企业 D．中央银行6．蛛网稳定的条件是（）A．Es >EdB．Es=EdC．Es <EdD．前面各项7．市场进入壁垒属于一种（）第1 页/共19 页A．权力 B．利益C．成本 D．屏障8．中央银行最常用的政策工具是（）A．藏匿市场业务 B．法定决定率C．再贴现率 D．道义劝说9．IS曲线体现着（）A．收入一支出均衡 B．储蓄和投资均衡C．总供养和总需求均衡 D．前面各项10．在现实经济运行中，不顺从边际效用（报酬）递减逻辑的有（）A．知识 B．毒品 C．交通枢纽 D．前面各项=2，则商品售价应为（）11．某垄断厂商的边际成本为4元，EdA．4元 B．8元 C．10元 D．12元12．规模经济的涵义（）A．不同于规模报酬 B．与行业持久均衡有关C．不同于边际报酬 D．前面各项13．在充足就业的情况下，最可能诱发通货膨胀的因素是（）A．工资不变而劳动生产率提高 B．进口增强C．政府支出不变而税收减少 D．出口减少14．“纯棉布是中间产品”这一命题（）A．准确 B．不准确 C．可能准确或不准确 D．前面各项15．四部门经济与三部门经济相比，乘数效应（）A．不变 B．变大 C．变小 D．前面各项16．若需求交错价格弹性系数为正数，说明两种商品之间（）A．互补 B．互相替代 C．互相自立 D．难以决定第 3 页/共 19 页17．按照收入——消费曲线（ICC ）可以推导（ ）A ．个人需求曲线B ．市场需求曲线C ．恩格尔曲线D ．效用曲线18．区别生产经济区域和非经济区域的分界线是（ ）A ．扩展线B ．线C ．等成本线D ．生产可能性线19．垄断厂商持久均衡的基本特征是（ ）A ．MR=MCB ．拥有正常利润C ．亏损额为最小D ．拥有垄断利润20．彻低竞争和垄断竞争持久均衡的区别是（ ）A ．前者价格较低B ．后者产量较低C ．生产消费的差异性D ．前面各项三、简述题（每题7分，共35分）1．试用图式说明劣质物品的替代效应和收入效应。
桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试初试主要范围
《量子力学教程》第二版，周世勋,高等教育出版社，2009 《民族经济学》，李忠斌主编,当代中国出版社,2011年；《中国民族概论》,宋蜀华、陈克进主编,中央民族大 学出版社,2001年 《高分子化学》，潘祖仁编，第五版，化学工业出版社，2011年 ①《马克思主义基本原理概论》高等教育出版社；②《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》高等教 育 ①出 《版 综社 合③ 教《 程中 》国 （近 1－现4代）史，纲何要兆》熊，主高编等，教上育海出外版语社教育出版社；②《新编英语教程》（5－7），李观仪主编， 上 ①海 《外 城语 市教 规育 划出 原版 理社 》（第四版），吴志强，李德华著，中国建筑工业出版社，2010年。②外国城市建设史，沈 玉 ①麟 《， 社中 会国 学建 教筑 程工 》业 （出 第版 四社 版， ）1，9王89思年斌。主③编中，国北城京市大建学设出史版，社董2鉴01泓6，年中版国；建②筑社工会业研出究版方社法，（2第0五04版年），风笑天 著，中国人民大学出版社2018年版。 统计学（第七版），贾俊平，何晓群，金勇进编著。中国人民大学出版社，2018年1月
《管理学——原理与方法》（第六版），周三多、陈传明等，复旦大学出版社，2018年6月 ①《管理学》（第六版），周三多等编著，复旦大学出版社2014年版；②《政府经济学》（第四版），郭小聪 主编，中国人民大学出版社2015年版
《高分子物理》金日光主编，第三版，化学工业出版社，2015年
桂林理工大学2020年《889管理学》考研专业课真题试卷
桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题（A卷）考试科目代码：889考试科目名称：管理学（总分150分，三小时答完）考生注意：1．请将答题写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上视为无效。
2．考试需带╳╳╳用具。
一、名词解释（每小题5分，共30分）1．概念技能2．决策3．网络计划技术4．矩阵式组织5．负强化6．非正式沟通二、简答题（每小题10分，共40分）1．什么是管理的社会属性？2．法约尔提出的有关企业经营的六大职能是什么？3．决策包括哪些步骤？4．组织中人员配备的原则是什么？三、论述题（每小题16分，共48分）1．管理者通常需要扮演哪些角色？每种角色有什么特征？2．什么是企业社会责任？它主要体现在哪些方面？3．请阐述管理方格理论的基本观点。
四、案例分析题（32分）1．案例1（16分）在《西游记》中，唐僧师徒四人受唐太宗委托，到西天取经，历尽了九九八十一难才终成正果。
在这个过程中，孙悟空的本事最大，一路上的妖魔鬼怪都由他来解决。
而取经团的团长唐僧却是弱不禁风的角色，吃饭要靠徒弟化斋，睡觉要靠徒弟找地方，赶妖除魔更是全要仰仗三个徒弟，时不时还会受妖精迷惑给徒弟添乱，完全是个被保护的角色。
问题：谁是取经团的领导者？为什么？2．案例2（16分）李强已40岁，回首二十几年的奋斗历程，很为自己早年艰苦而又自强不惜的日子感叹不已。
想当初自己没有稳定的工作就结了婚，妻子是位孤女，有父母留下的一栋虽然面积不小但很破旧的平房；妻子在待业当中，两人常为生计发愁；后来，李强在某企业找到了一份稳定工作，并很快地被提拔为工段长，接着又成为车间主任，进而升为生产部长。
他记得那段日子对他个人和公司来说都是极为重要的转折。
他没日没夜的为公司工作，很为自己是其中的一份子感到自豪。
他的付出也给他带来了丰厚的回报。
他的工资收入已经相当可观了，更重要的是，他在不断地提拔升级中得到了妻子很为他感到自豪的权力和地位。
有段时间，他也沾沾自喜过，可现在想来，觉得自己并没成就什么，心里老是空空的。
2020年广西桂林理工大学民族经济学考研真题A卷
2020年广西桂林理工大学民族经济学考研真题A卷一、解释题（每小题6分，共30分）1．文化2．民族文化3．民族经济学4．增长极理论5．出口基地模型二、填空题（每小题4分，共40分）1．少数民族经济生活研究的内容，主要包括经济环境、、手工技术、、、家庭结构、组织方式和等。
2．民族风尚习俗，主要包括服饰、、居住、交通；婚姻、、丧葬；、礼仪、习惯法；宗教、、禁忌等。
3．凝聚民族精神的基本要点，是光大精神，发扬精神，宣传建立新型关系和关系。
4．“资源诅咒”传导机制深刻影响民族地区的经济发展，不仅是自然资源禀赋因素，还包括观念、状况、水平、条件、历史文化传统、经济发展政策等因素。
5．东北和内蒙古地区的主要少数民族有族、蒙古族、族、达斡尔族、族、族、鄂伦春族等7个少数民族。
6．西南民族地区，从总体上讲，一块是高原，一块是高原，中间是山区，是我国少数民族最多的区域，其中间地带被学界称之为民族走廊，呈现出小聚居、大杂居的分布格局。
7．中国历史上中原汉族与边疆民族的融合发展及治理制度，主要有征伐制度、制度、制度、制度、制度和流官制度等多种形式，这是中华民族成为大一统结构的历史基础。
8．边疆民族地区的不稳定因素主要体现在三个方面：一是极少数在边疆民族地区进行破坏活动；二是局部地区由于、问题，不时引发一些违法犯罪活动；三是随着改革开放力度的加大，关系的调整，一些深层次的矛盾逐步显露出来，处理不当也会影响民族团结。
9．汉族地区的主要宗教形态有原始宗教、本土教和西来教，三教合一与民间俗信同时崇拜，是汉族传统精神信仰的常态，另有波斯袄教、摩尼教，欧洲教、教、东正教等传入。
10．我国中东南民族地区的传统经济生活形态，主要是从事和农业，兼营和，男耕女织，自给自足，属于犁耕稻作农业经济文化类型，百越民族和苗瑶集团是当地少数民族的主体来源。
三、简答题（每小题6分，共30分）1．简述中华民族多元一体格局的特点2．简述中国少数民族文化的主要门类3．简述少数民族文化研究的主要内容4．简述民族地区发展市场经济的优势和劣势5．简述汉族经济生活、传统文化和风尚习俗的基本特点四、论述题（每小题25分，共50分）1．在“一带一路”国际合作、发展共赢背景下，论述我国民族地区边贸经济创新发展的基本思路2．在国际国内产业全面转型升级的环境背景下，论述我国民族地区旅游业转型升级的路径与措施。
2020年广西桂林理工大学普通物理考研真题
A B CO-qQ Sq 2021年广西桂林理工大学普通物理考研真题一、选择题〔每题4分，共40分〕1. 质点在平面上运动，质点位置矢量的表示式为 j bt i at r 22+=〔其中a 、b 为常量〕, 那么该质点作 ： (A) 匀速直线运动． (B) 变速直线运动．(C) 抛物线运动． (D) 一般曲线运动．2. 物体A 放于水平地面上，它与地面间的滑动摩擦系数为．现加一恒力F 如下图．欲使物体A 有最大加速度，那么恒力F与水平方向夹角应满足 (A) sin ＝． (B) cos＝．(C) tg ＝． (D) ctg ＝．3. 质量为20 g 的子弹沿X 轴正向以 500 m/s 的速率射入一木块后，与木块一起仍沿X 轴正向以50 m/s 的速率前进，在此过程中木块所受冲量的大小为： (A) 9 N ·s . (B) -9 N ·s ．(C)10 N ·s ． (D) -10 N ·s ．4. 如下图，置于水平光滑桌面上质量分别为m 1和m 2的物体A 和B 之间夹有一轻弹簧．首先用双手挤压A 和B 使弹簧处于压缩状态，然后撤掉外力，那么在A 和B 被弹开的过程中： (A) 系统的动量守恒，机械能不守恒． (B) 系统的动量守恒，机械能守恒． (C) 系统的动量不守恒，机械能守恒．(D) 系统的动量与机械能都不守恒．5. 均匀细棒OA 可绕通过其一端O 而与棒垂直的水平固定光滑轴转动，如下图．今使棒从水平位置由静止开场自由下落，在棒摆动到竖直位置的过程中，下述说法哪一种是正确的？ (A) 角速度从小到大，角加速度从大到小． (B) 角速度从小到大，角加速度从小到大．(C) 角速度从大到小，角加速度从大到小．(D) 角速度从大到小，角加速度从小到大．6. 点电荷Q 被曲面S 所包围，从无穷远处引入另一点电荷q 至曲面外一点，如下图，那么引入前后：(A) 曲面S 的电场强度通量不变，曲面上各点场强不变(B) 曲面S 的电场强度通量变化，曲面上各点场强不变 (C) 曲面S 的电场强度通量变化，曲面上各点场强变化(D) 曲面S 的电场强度通量不变，曲面上各点场强变化7.点电荷-q 位于圆心O 处，A 、B 、C 、D 为同一圆周上的四点，如下图。
桂林理工大学2020年《840设计综合(含快题设计)》考研专业课真题试卷
桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：840考试科目名称：设计综合(含快题设计) A卷（总分150分，三小时答完）考生注意：1．请将答题写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上视为无效。
2．考试需带绘图工具①铅笔、绘图笔、橡皮、尺子。
②效果图上色工具，可选用水彩、水粉、彩铅、水性彩色笔、马克笔用具一、名词解释(每小题5分，共15分)1.玻璃链运动2.拉斯金的思想3. 伊顿二、选择题（每小题5分，共15分）1.包豪斯的基础课程是由多个老师分担的，基本要求接近，必须教授有关立体、平面、色彩的构成规律，但是具体课程则由教师自己安排，学生可以选择不同的教师。
康定斯基设置的课程有和自然的分析与研究。
A、造型、空间、运动和透视研究；B、分析性绘画；C、体积与空间练习；D、纸造型2 .流线型运动美国30年代的经济大危机也促使了流线型这一新设计风格的形成。
这种风格与当时的时代气氛，技术发展水半是很适应的。
流线型主要出现在产品设计上，特别是汽车、火车等交通工具，逐渐成为一种风格，是30年代很典型的一种风格，与包豪斯的大相径庭。
A、表现内容；B、装饰风格；C、设计方法；D、现代主义3.德国的现代主义设计运动1902左右开始有部分人从青年风格运动中分离出来，形成新的现代设计运动的中心，其中较重要的是贝伦斯。
他为德国电器公司设计企业形象，奠定了功能主义设汁风格的基础，是从早期探索的毕德迈耶风格中的重大进步。
而真正的开创者是穆特修斯，他坚决反对青年风格运动，反对艺术风格，追求没有风格的所所谓明确的实用性，宣传功能主义。
A、古典；B、传统；C、任何；D、现代三、问答题（每小题10分，共20分）1.勒·柯布西耶的设计特点有哪些?2.设计与美术的区别?四、快题设计（100分）小区装饰雕塑设计：为广西壮族自治区某市小区设计一件装饰性雕塑，可自由选择雕塑设计的内容、尺寸、材料及表现形式和手法，以强调雕塑装饰性的艺术效果为目的。
桂林理工大学研究生英语考试真题
桂林理工大学研究生英语考试真题Guilin University of Technology Postgraduate English Exam1. Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions below.In recent years, more and more people have been choosing to study abroad for their postgraduate education. There are several reasons for this trend. Firstly, studying abroad allows students to experience a different culture and broaden their horizons. By living in a foreign country, students are exposed to new ideas and ways of thinking. Secondly, studying at a foreign university can provide better research opportunities and access to top professors in their field. Finally, having an international degree can give graduates a competitive edge in the job market.Questions:1. What are some reasons why more people are choosing to study abroad for postgraduate education?2. How can studying abroad benefit students?3. What advantages does having an international degree offer in the job market?2. WritingWrite an essay on the following topic: "The Impact of Technology on Education". In your essay, you should discuss how technology has changed the way students learn and teachers teach. Provide examples of how technology is being used in classrooms and the benefits and drawbacks of this technology.3. Listening ComprehensionListen to the audio recordings and answer the questions below.1. What is the main idea of the lecture?2. According to the speaker, what are the benefits of conducting research in a foreign country?3. What are some challenges that students may face when studying abroad?4. SpeakingPrepare a 5-minute presentation on the topic "The Importance of Cross-Cultural Communication in the Globalized World". In your presentation, discuss why cross-cultural communication is important, provide examples of how misunderstandings can occur due to cultural differences, and offer strategies for improving cross-cultural communication.Good luck on your exam!。
西工大考研经济学真题试卷
西工大考研经济学真题试卷西安交通大学作为中国西部地区著名的高等学府，其经济学专业的考研真题试卷具有很高的参考价值。
以下是一份模拟的西工大考研经济学真题试卷内容，供考生复习参考。
一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 经济学中，边际效用递减规律指的是：A. 随着商品数量的增加，消费者愿意为每增加一个单位支付的价格越来越低B. 商品的总效用随着数量的增加而减少C. 随着商品数量的增加，消费者对商品的满意度逐渐降低D. 以上都不是2. 下列哪项不是市场经济的基本特征？A. 市场决定资源配置B. 政府对经济的宏观调控C. 企业自主经营，自负盈亏D. 价格由政府规定3. 以下哪个选项是完全竞争市场的特征？A. 产品同质化B. 存在市场壁垒C. 买卖双方信息不对称D. 只有一个卖者...二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点及其对现代宏观经济政策的影响。
2. 解释什么是“机会成本”，并给出一个实际生活中的例子。
3. 描述货币政策和财政政策在经济调控中的作用及其相互关系。
...三、计算题（每题15分，共30分）1. 假设一个完全竞争市场中，某产品的边际成本（MC）和平均成本（AC）如下表所示：| 产量（Q） | 边际成本（MC） | 平均成本（AC） ||--|--|-|| 1 | 10 | 10 || 2 | 8 | 9 || 3 | 6 | 7 || ... | ... | ... |请计算在利润最大化的情况下，该企业应该生产多少产品，并计算其利润。
2. 给定一个国家的GDP增长率为5%，通货膨胀率为3%，货币供应量增长率为8%，计算该国的实际货币供应量增长率。
...四、论述题（每题25分，共50分）1. 论述全球化对发展中国家经济的影响，包括正面和负面效应。
2. 分析当前中国房地产市场的特点，并探讨政府可能采取的调控措施。
...五、案例分析题（共20分）某国近年来实施了一系列减税政策，旨在刺激经济增长。
桂林理工大学630综合英语2020年考研真题
桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题（A卷）考试科目代码：630考试科目名称：综合英语 （总分150分，三小时答完） 考生注意：请将答题写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上视为无效。
Part I Structure and Expression (30分,每题1分)Directions: In this section there are 30 sentences followed by four multiple choices. Choose one to complete the sentences. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. A child with healthy appetite rarely dislikes food _____ it is badly cooked.A. unlessB. untilC. ifD. in that2.No one can be _____ hasty in making the decision as it is such a critical case.A. veryB. soC. tooD. that3._____ students have certain “gift” in common, they should be grouped together.A. WhileB. WhereC. WhenD. As4. his graduation, he found a job with a decent income.A. AtB. DuringC. WithD. Upon5.If these human initiatives are aided by special quality-control instruments, machines, andscientific sampling procedures, _______.A. so much the betterB. the much betterC. so it’ll be betterD. be it the better6. writers, like Flaubert, will spend days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right.A. CarefulB. CautiousC. ScrupulousD. Prudent7.And the polluted water does not merely the life of the sea but threatens the people whoinhabit and visit its shores.A. stiffB. strifeC. stifleD. strive8.Such diseases as typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis and food poisoning are_______ in the area, and there are periodic outbreaks of cholera.A. epidemicB. endemicC. rifeD. rampant9.An even greater risk in the ageing underground gas-pipes.A. larksB. luresC. lurchesD. lurks10.Anti-materialists tent to the importance of things.A. deriveB. derideC. depriveD. driveter school start time’s contribution to teenagers’ academic performance is not an one.A. suspiciousB. vagueC. equivocalD. equivalent12.The undeveloped technology of the period the construction of more delicate walls.A. secludedB. precludedC. concludedD. deluded13.Human beings feature their creative ability to trivial impulses into momentous consequences.A. transformB. translateC. transmuteD. transmit14.Hypocrisy is the that vice pays to virtue.A. contributeB. attributeC. distributeD. tribute15.Most of his study time is _____ by computer games.A. absorbedB. ingestedC. digestedD. devoured16.Mary is very as she is constantly changing her mind.A. suspiciousB. capriciousC. deliciousD. precarious17.The rich ___ themselves from contact with the poor.A. residedB. retreatedC. secludedD. groped18.He found it hard to choose furniture that was ____ with the modern style of the house.A. constantB. consistentC. consequentD. constituent19.One’s _____ remark at the wrong moment could ruin the whole plan.A. indiscreetB. improperC. inappropriateD. impossible20.The average Chinese people will _____ themselves for years to buy a house.A. stingB. stinkC. stintD. stir21.Our progress was _____ by the extreme weather.A. hamperedB. forbiddenC. stoppedD. suspended22.The negotiation had reached a(n)_____, with both parties refusing to make compromise.A. dilemmaB. difficultyC. embarrassmentD. impasse23.This new laser printer is _____ with all leading software.A. comparableB. competitiveC. compatibleD. cooperative24.Problems have been _____ by long neglect.A. evacuatedB. agitatedC. decapitatedD. aggravated25.A visitor must _____ to the customs of the country where he lives.A. informB. conformC. confirmD. affirm26.It is far too difficult for the young adult to _____ between truth and falsehood.A. discernB. discardC. disperseD. disregard27.In the _____ light I could hardly make out the way home.A. frailB. failingC. failedD. fail28.Drinking water before your meal will take the _____ off your hunger.A. edgeB. edictC. edibleD. eddy29.Those who are _____ of profits will not always be happy.A. insatiableB. fondC. insaneD. critical30.It _____ on me that Johnson had been making us nobody but a fool all along.A. dweltB. dawnedC. restedD. layPart II Figure of Speech (10分,每题1分)Directions: Identify the figure of speech in each of the following sentences. Choose the best answer from the box and write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.A. MetaphorB. SimileC. OxymoronD. PersonificationE. AlliterationF.ContrastG. EuphemismH. MetonymyI.Transferred EpithetJ. Parallelism1. I wandered lonely as a cloud that floats over valleys and hills.2. The mother is undergoing the joyful pain, and the painful joy of childbirth.3. Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.4. A thousand mustaches can live together, but not four breasts.5. A lie can travel half way around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.6. He was both out of pocket and out of spirits by that catastrophe, failed in his health andprophesied the speedy ruin of the empire.7. Technological progress has merely provided us with more efficient means for going backwards.8. The American society saw a gnawing poverty during the tears of the Great Depression.9. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.10. Nest to health, heart, home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.Part III Blank Filling (20分,每题1分)Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to fill in each blank in the following passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.A.fitB.theirC.thereforeD.risksE.requirementsF.withoutG.littleH.partlyI.out ofJ.basisK.appeal L.its M.majority N.however O.jobP.disregarding Q.no R.consideration S.Moreover T.occupation Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 4 position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should 5 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 6 them for a field of work rather than for a single 7 . Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 8 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 9 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 10 . Some drift from job to job. Others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 12 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students -- or their parents for them -- choose the professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “White-collar” job is 15 good reason for choosing it as life’s work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 19 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.Part IV Paraphrase (20分,每题2分)Directions: Explain the following sentences in your own words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English.2. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveries.3. Much of human existence consists of efforts aimed at making sure that things don’t go wrong, fall apart, break down, or stop running until a decent interval has elapsed after manufacture.4. The idea of using a product once or for a brief period and then replacing it, runs counter to the grain of societies or individuals steeped in a heritage of poverty.5. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.6. Finally, with both of us combining our linguistic and imaginative resources, finally, after what seems another hour, we decode it.7. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.8. So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction.9. Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since the initial outlay upon equipment or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels.10. For all the trouble procrastination may incur, delay can often inspire and revive a creative soul.Part V Word Formation (10分,每题1分)Directions: Write out the full form of the following words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. ASEAN2. APEC3. CIIE4. BRICS5. NBC6. e-cigar7. radar8. Brexit9. motel 10. ecotourismPart VI General Knowledge (10分,每题1分)Directions: Choose the best answer to each of the 10 multiple-choice questions. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. _____is the capital of Canada.A.VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD.York2. U.S. presidents normally serve a (n) _____ term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year3. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.4. _____is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic ChurchB. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England5. The novel Emma is written by_____.A. Mary ShelleyB. Charlotte BrontëC. Elizabeth C. GaskellD. Jane Austen6. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George C. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.7. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for _____.A. his poemsB. his playsC. his short storiesD. his novels8. Syntax is the study of _____.A. language functionsB. sentence structuresC. textual organizationD. word formation9. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Productivity.C. Cultural transmission.D. Finiteness.10. The speech act theory was first put forward by _____.A. John SearleB. John AustinC. Noam ChomskyD. M.A.K. HallidayPart VII Proof Reading and Error Correction (10分,每题1分)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet .For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ ^ ” and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it’s described like the personality of an organization, or simply as “how things are done around here.” It guides what employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a wide term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization,and include such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed inthe company’s mission statement and other communications, in thearchitectural style or interior decoration, by what people wear towork, by how people address to each other, and in the titles given to various employees. How do you uncover the corporate culture of apotential employer? The truth is that you will never really know thecorporate culture after you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research andobservation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, startingwith the research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview. The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lotof time on the work environment and to be happy, successful, andproductive, you will want to be in a place where you fit for the culture, a place where you can have voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.1._______2._______3._______4._______5._______6._______7._______8._______9._______10._______Part VIII Reading Comprehension (40分,每题2分)Directions: In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and mark your answers on the Answer Sheet .TEXT AStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare MemorialTheatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’sall deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.1.From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.A. the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenueB. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stageC. the two branches of the RSC are not on good termsD. the townsfolk earn little from tourism2.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separatelyB. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseersC. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoersD. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater3.By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2, Paragraph 4), the author implies that________.A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projectsB. Stratford has long been in financial difficultiesC. the town is not really short of moneyD. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid4.According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because ________.A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spendingB. the company is financially ill-managedC. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptableD. the theatre attendance is on the rise5.From the text we can conclude that the author ________.A. is supportive of both sidesB. favors the townsfolk’s viewC. takes a detached attitudeD. is sympathetic to the RSCTEXT BMany things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!” commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.6.By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that________.A. poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB. art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC. poets today are less skeptical of happinessD. artists have changed their focus of interest7.The word “bummer” (Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something ________.A. religiousB. unpleasantC. entertainingD. commercial8.In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.A. emerges in the wake of the anti-happy artB. is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC. replaces the church as a major source of informationD. creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself9.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes ________.A. happiness more often than not ends in sadnessB. the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshingC. misery should be enjoyed rather than deniedD. the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms10.Which of the following is true of the text?A. Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.B. Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.C. People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.D. Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.TEXT CNot long after the telephone was invented, I assume, a call was placed. The caller was a parent saying, “your child is bullying my child, and I want it stopped!” The bully’s parent replied, “you must have the wrong number. My child is a little angel.”A trillion phone calls later, the conversation is the same. When children are teased or tyrannized, the parental impulse is to grab the phone and rant. But these days, as studies in the U.S. show that bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline, researchers who study bullying say that calling moms and dads is more futile than ever. Such calls often lead to playground recriminations and don’t really teach our kids any lessons about how to navigate the world and resolve conflicts.When you call parents, you want them to “extract the cruelty” from their bullying children, says Laura Kavesh, a child psychologist in Evanston, Illinois. “But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won’t believe it.” In a recent police department survey in Oak Harbor, Washington, 89% of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18% of parents thought their children would act as bullies.In a new U.S.PTA survey, 5% of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted, causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say, parents should get objective outsiders, like principals, to mediate.Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child's bullying, listen without getting defensive. That’s what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy’s food. Her son had confessed, but the victim’s mom “wanted to make sure my son hadn’t given her son a nasty disease,” says McHugh, who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh’s son that his bad behavior was being taken seriously. McHugh, founder of Parents Coach Kids, a group that teaches parenting skills, sent the mom the test results. All were negative.Remember: once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it in your pocket.11. The word “bullying” probably means______.A. frightening and hurtingB. teasingC. behaving like a tyrantD. laughing at12. Calling to a bully’s parent ______.A. has long existed but changed its contentB. is often done with careful thinkingC. often leads to blaming and misunderstandingD. is used to warn the child not to do it again13. According to the surveys in the U.S., _______.A. bullying among adults is also risingB. parents are not supervising their children wellC. parents seldom believe bulliesD. most parents resort to calling to deal with bullying14. When bullying occurs, parents should_______.A. help the bulling child get rid of crueltyB. resort to the mediatorC. avoid getting too protectiveD. resist the temptation of calling15. Laura McHugh promised to get the bullied boy tested for diseases because________.A. her son confessed to being wrongB. she was afraid to annoy the boy’s parentC. he was likely to be affected by these diseasesD. she wanted to teach her own son a lessonTEXT DFor thousands of Canadians, bad service is neither make-believe nor amusing. It is an aggravating and worsening real-life phenomenon that encompasses behavior ranging from indifference and rudeness to naked hostility and even physical violence. Across the country, better business bureaus report a lengthening litany of complaints about contractors, car dealers, and repair shops, moving companies, airlines and department stores. There is almost an adversarial feeling between businesses and consumers.Experts say there are several explanations for ill feeling in the marketplace. One is that customer service was an early and inevitable casualty when retailers responded to brutal competition by replacing employees with technology such as 1～800 numbers and voice mail. Another factor is that business generally has begun placing more emphasis on getting customers than on keeping them. Still another is that strident, frustrated and impatient shoppers vex shop owners and make them even less hospitable -- especially at busier times of the year like Christmas. On both sides, simple courtesy has gone by the board. And for a multitude of consumers, service went with it.The Better Business Bureau at Vancouver gets 250 complaints a week, twice as many as five years ago. The bureau then had one complaints counselor and now has four. People complain about being insulted, having their intelligence and integrity questioned, and being threatened. One will hear about people being hauled almost bodily out the door by somebody saying things like “I don’t have to serve you!” or “This is private property, get out and don’t come back! ” What can customers do? If the bureau’s arbitration process fails to settle a dispute, a customer’s only recourse is to sue in claims court. But because of the costs and time it takes, relatively few ever do.There is a lot of support for the notion that service has, in part, fallen victim to generational change. Many young people regard retailing as just a bead-end job that you're just going to do temporarily on your way to a real job. Young clerks often lack both knowledge and civility. Employers have to train young people in simple manners because that is not being done at home. Salespeople today, especially the younger ones, have grown up in a television-computer society where they’ve interacted largely with machines. One of the biggest complaints from businesses about graduates is the lack of inter-personal skills.What customers really want is access. They want to get through when they call, they don’t want busy signals, they don’t want interactive systems telling them to push one for this and two for。
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桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目代码：888
考试科目名称：西方经济学
（总分150分，三小时答完）
考生注意：1．请将答题写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上视为无效。
2．考试需带不具存储功能的计算器用具
一、名词解释（每小题5分，共40分）
1．经济人2．边际替代率递减规律
3．限制价格4．市场失灵
5．GDP 6．奥肯定律
7．凯恩斯陷阱8．基尼系数
二、简答题（每小题10分，共60分）
1．什么是需求价格弹性？其影响因素包括哪些？
2．什么是等产量线？它有什么特点？
3．简述完全垄断市场的主要特征。
4．总供给曲线被区分为哪三种类型并解释原因。
5．何为通货膨胀？其主要原因是什么？
6．何为经济周期？其主要特征是什么？
三、计算题（每小题10分，共20分）
1．已知某消费者每年用于商品1和商品2的收入为540元，两商品的价格分别为P1=20元和P2=30元，该消费者的效用函数为U=3X1X22，该消费者每年购买这两种商品的数量应各是多少才可以获得最大效用？每年从中获得的总效用是多少？
2．假定某社会消费为C=100+0.8Y，投资I=150–6r，货币供给M=150（价格水平为1），货币需求L=0.2Y –4r。
求（1）IS曲线和LM曲线；（2）产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时的利率与收入。
四、论述题（每小题15分，30分）
1．结合图形说明厂商在既定成本条件下的产量最大化情形。
2．如何认识西方宏观经济政策主张的局限性。
2020年《西方经济学》第1页共1页。