记叙文阅读专题
语文记叙文阅读专题训练专项习题及答案解析
语文记叙文阅读专题训练专项习题及答案解析一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1．阅读下文，完成下列各题。
乐和先生郭震海①有一朋友，生性乐观，年过知非，依然像个孩童。
说他像“孩童”，不单指生性，貌相也甚轻，头发乌黑，面容白净，充满活力。
如他漫步街市，不谈年龄，独凭长相，别人肯定会怀疑他是当“爷爷”的人。
乐和姓张，如这般年龄，称个“老张”也妥帖，但我们都习惯喊他“乐和”，因为他天生爱乐，有事无事乐呵呵，就如上天对他格外眷顾，人间愁事儿全抛于别人，与他无关。
②26 岁，他军营退伍回家，当时的退伍军人，不管岗位好坏，地方政府都会给予安置。
和他一样退伍的军人，都忙着托关系，想往好单位挤，他不忙不急，整天乐呵呵地等，最后被安置到市供水公司上班。
说上班其实无事，在办公室负责接电话，打水扫地，他同样很开心。
他爱看小人书，看着看着就旁若无人地笑得人仰马翻。
③他天生不惧，比如别的职工见了领导，能避就避，实在避不得，打个招呼也会结巴。
他不，比如早晨上班，他两手提着四个暖壶，看见领导，老远就喊：“首长，早上好啊！”或许他在部队喊习惯了不觉得，别人听了都说像调侃，他不管，喊得很自然。
奇怪的是领导听了不恼，还会回一句：“早上好！”一次，单位组织集体乘车旅游。
领导在车上，大家显得异常安静，气氛凝重得像结冰。
按名排座，坐在车最后排的乐和受不了沉闷。
他直接跑到车前，拿起车载麦克风，“呼呼呼”吹气试音，一车人用惊恐的眼神看着他。
或许车上的其他人会想：“（）。
”乐和很自然，手握麦克风，面向大家说：“首长好，各位兄弟姐妹好，本人五音不全，但为了减少大家的旅途劳顿，愿意献歌几曲，来呀，掌声在哪里？欢呼声在哪里？”有员工小声说：“这小子，领导在车上，竟敢如此放肆。
”没想到，领导带头鼓掌。
乐和唱了几首歌不过瘾，就开始讲笑话，一路逗得全车人笑得肚子疼，领导更是合不拢嘴。
行程进行到后来，领导有事了就喊：“小张，过来，给我拿住衣服。
”“小张，快去给我买瓶水。
初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)及解析
初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)及解析一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1．文学作品阅读鳝孔曾庆升①久旱不雨，村子像个火炉。
②田二闷闷地吃罢晚饭，静静地吸完一袋旱烟，又往肚里灌过半壶水，并严严地给两个儿子一番嘱咐，自己才扛上锄头去田边转悠。
③夜幕拉下，田二的两个儿子奉命拿了棍棒，在自家院子矮墙边潜下身来。
④这园子是田二和谢芳家的菜地。
早先没有矮栅，两家菜地间是一条窄窄的土沟。
苗儿不分界地长，常有田家整地不小心损了谢家的苗，谢家占了田家的沟。
于是几次脸红争执，两家积下怨来。
再后来，便垒起这矮墙。
现在田家园里种着冬瓜，谢家园里种着南瓜，瓜藤仍不分界地长。
南瓜爬到冬瓜园，冬瓜爬向南瓜园。
开始，两家都细心捡摆自家的瓜藤，不让爬过矮墙，可后来园田里工夫紧，便失去了那份细心。
瓜藤长势旺，便越过墙来，在田家园里结了两个脚盆大的鲜红的南瓜。
田二昨天上自家园子摘冬瓜时，有了这意外发现，便特地扒开杂草，让南瓜露着，他料定谢家发现后，会爬过来摘瓜，好趁机給谢家一个难堪。
今晨，田二发现谢芳上园子时瞅见了这瓜，估计谢家晚上会有“行动”，特派两个儿子看守，好痛痛快快地抓次“偷瓜贼”。
⑤再说田二出了家门，便在村中樟树下的石板上呆坐着。
旱烟抽了一锅又一锅，他手里的旱烟“喇叭”，连着田里卷筒的禾叶，以及揪得疼痛的心都在一同冒烟。
⑥田二与谢芳家的稻田也紧挨着，只是田家的稻田挨着南面的山，谢家的稻田靠着北面的河。
昔日两家稻田都用山塘水灌溉，可今年大旱，山塘干涸，渠道枯竭，得各自找水。
谢家稻田靠河，得天独厚，可从河里抽水；田家精田挨山，只能靠老天。
田二抬头望望夜空，没一丝下雨的迹象。
谢芳田边抽水机“突突突”地响，白花花的河水提上岸来，滋润着谢家的禾苗，田二心里难受极了。
要救活田家禾苗，必须通过谢家稻田引河水灌溉，否则将白费一年辛劳，颗粒无收！田二去找谢芳说情吧，说不定谢芳也会给他难堪。
田二性子耿，宁愿饿一年肚皮也不受那个屈。
他坐在樟树下的石头上抽闷烟，心里抱怨说：老天爷可是要存心惩处我呀！……直到后半夜，空气爽润了许多，田二才站起身，向着自家干裂的稻田走去。
初中语文记叙文专题阅读 传统文化类文专题训练附答案
初中语文记叙文专题阅读传统文化类文专题训练附答案（一）阅读《时尚之美与传统文化》，回答1-4题。
（11分）时尚之美与传统文化张凡○1近日，河南卫视春晚上的舞蹈节目《唐言夜宴》成功“出圈”、惊艳四方，一时成为网络热议的焦点话题。
（1）②河南卫视将舞蹈《唐宫夜宴》（初名《唐俑》）搬上辛丑牛年河南春晚可谓意义不凡，不仅令亿万观众耳目一新，更重要的是把国人印象中的传统文化在台上给“舞”活。
该节目力求将盛唐的风采和少女的灵动搬上舞台，再现盛唐时期的大国气象和以“唐三彩”为代表符号的唐韵之美，从而为社会、为大众展示出一幅传统文化与现代科技交相辉映的文化画卷。
无论是舞蹈人物的服饰、表情、妆容、色彩以及手中乐器，还是作品的创意内涵展示及启迪意义，均以新颖的艺术表现方式，完成了古老的艺术在当下社会的时尚化、年轻态展现。
③很大程度上，舞蹈《唐宫夜宴》的爆红并非偶然而是一种必然。
④形式时尚新颖和内容传统厚重并不矛盾。
在文化多样化的今天，现代科技与传统文化的融合创新，以更理想的荧幕呈现实现“1＋1＞2”的综合效应，是以优秀传统文化为基石，锻造现代文艺的精彩。
当前以弘扬传统文化为宗旨打造的文艺节目已成为一种时尚，文艺创作者体察当代人，尤其是年轻人的多样化观看体验与审美诉求，以一众优质的传统文艺节目回馈社会与大众。
⑤优秀传统文化具备引发共鸣的力量。
中华文化的根脉熔铸于每一位华夏子孙的血脉中，让优秀传统文化“活起来”不仅应和了当代国人日益提高的审美需求，更实现了优秀传统文化之花开在当代中国文化土壤的高光时刻。
尤其在这提笔忘字的时代，弘扬优秀传统文化足以让国人在欣赏经典的同时忆起传统之美、拾起传统之味。
让优秀传统文化插上现代科技的翅膀，让更多的年轻人“穿越时空”去体验、触碰传统文化的无限魅力，促使优秀传统文化在新时代里越发时尚和年轻化，让优秀传统文化在年青一代的内心深处落地生根、枝繁叶茂。
（2）⑥优秀传统文化节目既要接地气，又要“高大上”。
初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)含解析
初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)含解析一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1．现代文阅读锁链清晨的鸟市上，总有几个起得比鸡还早的爱鸟人，拎了各自的笼儿和架子，到茶馆里来聚头遛鸟。
这天，鸟贩子林红嘴来了，他从三轮摩托上取下一个口袋，撑开罩子，里面是一个方笼。
林红嘴打开方笼，拎出一个架子，上面兀自立着一只鹦鹉。
那鹦鹉绿色的羽毛，侧光之处显出蓝青之色，红红的嘴唇，宛如衔了一枚玛瑙做成的哨，一双小眼睛炯炯有神。
通常，这个时候是该打招呼了。
那明星范儿的鹦鹉显然是知道套路的，清脆地喊出一句：“哈罗，古得摸铃！”众人顿时哄笑了起来，说话的鸟见过不少，张嘴就来英语的，稀罕。
于是大家来了兴致，搜肠刮肚地把记忆中剩得不多的英语单词翻出来，用来逗鹦鹉。
有的甚至把从电视里学的“八格牙路”都用上了，那鹦鹉居然能接口来句“米西米西”，看来这家伙也是看了不少抗日神剧。
林红嘴笑道：“别说你来日语，就是法语、意大利语、泰语、葡萄牙语，它都会几句。
人家可是轮船、火车、飞机都坐遍了才来的！”众人又惊叹了一番。
不出两分钟，又有人品咂出鹦鹉的奇异之处：“你看你看，这玩意儿居然没有拴链子！”大伙儿一看，果然见那鹦鹉裸着双脚，自在地站在架子上。
看着它健硕的翅膀，大伙儿开始质疑林红嘴，说：“你不会是养了一只母鹦鹉在家里，然后拿这只漂亮鸟儿四处卖钱，卖完它，又让它自己飞回去吧？”林红嘴大呼冤枉，说：“这鸟儿的最大卖点，就是不拴链子，打死不飞！不信可以打赌！”一听打赌，众人都来了兴致。
赌局说定，三小时之内，众人只要不碰鸟儿和架子，无论用什么办法，让鹦鹉飞离站架，即为赢，反之则输。
赌资1000元，交由中间人保管，谁赢归谁。
双方的1000元很快凑齐。
众人又觉三小时太短，改为五小时，并取尽鹦鹉架上的食物和水。
对于这些刁钻要求，林红嘴只撇嘴一笑，通通都答应下来。
鹦鹉挂上树枝，人们开始想招。
先是击掌、敲锣、放炮仗之类的武攻，后是扔花生、玉米、瓜子在地上的文逗，还有人学猫叫，或干脆主张去找一只胖猫来实施心理战术，甚至还有人主张去找一只漂亮的母鹦鹉过来演美人计……但那只鹦鹉却都不理会，依旧只是自顾自稳稳地站在支架上，或单脚或双脚，死死扣住那根木棍不放。
专题03 阅读理解(记叙文) 15篇(名校模拟+地区真题)-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测
冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（重庆专用）专题03 阅读理解(记叙文) 15篇（2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）Candy is smart, talented and really nice. As a team leader, she wishes Frank, a member of her politics project, did his part as required. But rather than criticize （批评）him, only to find that Frank kept falling behind. It ended up that other team members, who had to take on more work, while Frank himself complained that he was not treated fairly.How did poor Candy get into this mess? The primary reason was that Candy failed in a key part of leadership—the duty to provide clear feedback（反馈）for team members. This isn’t simply a duty but a correctness.Failing to question or criticize Frank’s work, Candy was in fact unkind. Many people are not a failure, like Frank. They’re just in the wrong place, and still left in the dark. What they really need is feedback from their leaders. However, Candy didn’t bring out a gift in Frank.A leader had better use open, honest, continuous and clear feedback to help solve someone’s best fit in their job or in the organization. This method also avoids surprises. It’s not uncommon to see someone suddenly removed from a team. Maybe it serves them right, they wouldn’t have been caught off-guard （猝不及防）because they would have been receiving open, continuous and clear judgment of their performance.Then why is it so hard for leaders to give good feedback? People always like to be liked, so they avoid anything that may cause unpleasantness. But that kind of feedback usually helps members find the right place for them. If you just only like to be liked, the chance of being respected is really low. However, you have a chance of being liked. Of course, the most difficult part for a nice leader is criticizing someone.Back to Candy’s case. Not telling Frank how he was on the team only made a hard situation worse. But with a different mindset, she could have led her team to success and have been a likeable and critical leader.1．The word “gift” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ________”.A．present B．ability C．pride D．praise2．According to this article, what is necessary between leaders and team members?A．Being nice to team members is likely to win leaders great respect.B．Criticizing team members results in serious complaints to the leader.C．Open and honest communication is a must for leaders and team members.D．Praise and encouragement from leaders bring out better team performance.3．Based on the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A．Candy should patiently encourage Frank to try his best.B．Candy should gradually kick Frank off her team.C．Candy should politely show Frank the improvement he made.D．Candy should clearly tell Frank her judgment of his performance.4．What is the best title of the passage?A．Become a Good Leader B．Set a Good TeamC．Frank’s problem D．Cindy’s Worry（2023·重庆大渡口·统考二模）①Walking around the city, you will see girls wearing hanfu on the underground or people wearing T-shirt with Chinese characters in the streets. A new trend（潮流）is getting popular in China. It’s guochao or China-Chic. Guochao adds traditional Chinese culture into products, and it shows the rise of China’s native fashion（时尚）.②Guochao got people’s attention in 2018. Before that, the market was controlled by foreign companies. There were few Chinese brands. To win the market share, many Chinese brands followed the footsteps of these western brands. In 2018, Chinese sportswear brand Li Ning made changes to the situation. It introduced its Wu Dao collection to the world. The collection not only looked fashionable, but also included elements of traditional Chinese culture. It quickly caught people’s attention at home and abroad. And it created amazing sales.③Later, many Chinese brands, from food, drinks and clothing to mobile phones and cars, started to add Chinese culture into their products. Even the film and music industries made every effort to create Chinese styles. “We want our products to be the ones that young people would like to share”, they said.④These brands got what they wanted. Young people gradually converted their attention from western culture to guochao. They accepted it with pleasure. What’s more they started to develop interest in traditional Chinese art and literature. Now they wear traditional clothes, practice Chinese calligraphy（书法）and play Chinese musical instruments. Some of them are working together to spread Chinese culture to people around the world.⑤At the same time, people of different ages start to choose products “made in China”. According to a survey, 68% Chinese people prefer Chinese brands. Among them, 62% say they are open to international brands, but local brands remain the first choice.⑥No matter how guochao develops, there is one thing that won’t change—people’s confidence in our country’sdevelopment and culture is growing.5．What can we learn about Chinese brand Li Ning from Paragraph 2?A．It increased the world market share before 2018.B．It always followed the footsteps of foreign brands.C．It started the trend of guochao around the world.D．It spent lots of time creating products with Chinese elements.6．The underlined word “converted” can be replaced by “________”.A．changed B．developed C．started D．improved7．Which is the structure of the passage?A．①-②-③④⑤-⑥B．①-②③-④⑤-⑥C．①-②③④-⑤-⑥D．①-②③④-⑤⑥8．What’s the best title for the passage?A．Guochao, A New Fashion Trend B．Young People’s Special LoveC．The Advantages of Local Brands D．The Development of Chinese Brands（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）Philip is a pupil. When he was 12, he decided to give up eating meat because he thought animals also lived on the earth just like humans. ________ They thought he was a boy who was growing. If he didn’t have meat, he wouldn’t grow tall.One day, his mother prepared a delicious meal. She put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him when they were having dinner. “I want you to eat all your food now,” she said. “Don’t leave anything.” Philip only ate the rice and the carrots without touching the beef.“You’re such a silly boy!” said his father angrily. “I’m sorry, Mum and Dad,” said Philip. “I don’t want you to be angry. But I really don’t want to eat meat.” “Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother. “Oh, no! Fish are living creatures (生物) too.” cried Philip.The next morning Philip was very hungry. His father walked to the school with him. He asked the teacher, “Is this what you teach the students to do at school? Philip refuses to eat meat at home. He even doesn’t listen to us.” “I don’t agree with Philip,” said the teacher. “But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”9．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 1?A．Philip’s friends also had such a habit.B．Philip decided to lose weight.C．He didn’t think it was a good idea.D．Philip’s parents were not happy about that.10．If Philip didn’t eat any meat, he would probably ________ according to his parents..A．stay short B．stay healthy C．become silly D．get hungry easily11．Which is the right order of the following activities?①Philip’s mother prepared a delicious meal.②Philip went to school with his father.③Philip decided to give up eating meat.④Philip’s father talked with his teacher.⑤Philip’s mother advised him to eat some fish.A．③①②④⑤B．③①⑤②④C．①③⑤②④D．①③②④⑤12．What does the writer want to tell us?A．We should be kind to animals.B．We should listen to our parents’ advice in life.C．We should do what we think is right.D．We should do things as our teachers teach us.（2023·重庆南岸·统考模拟预测）①There’s a small house I visit from time to time. It’s not the house that is special, but rather the person who lives inside.②I met Miss C about 45 years ago when she was my sister’s kindergarten teacher. I remember looking into her classroom wishing I was her student. Miss C created a safe place where we could be whatever we wanted to be in that moment. My parents comforted me I could start school when I was 4. Though, when I turned 4 in the spring, I couldn’t understand why I had to wait until September.③Because of Miss C, I’ve always wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Miss C to my classroom. She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I was surprised at how she connected with children. For years, Miss C volunteered in my classroom.④Over the years we have shared in each other’s ups and downs.⑤I am here for her now as the time to sell her house is near. I bring up boxes from her basement. We go through every painting a student has given her, every thank-you note a parent has written.⑥I find papers picturing the letters of the alphabet. I find my own name printed in green marker. Suddenly, mymind goes back to Room 3.⑦More than 40 years ago, Miss C sat on a chair while my classmates, and I sat on the carpet（地毯）at her feet. We learned about the letters and their sounds. Now, Miss C sits on her rocking chair, and I find myself still sitting at her feet.⑧Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of the young. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts.13．The writer is most likely to think of Miss C as her ________.A．student B．mother C．friend D．sister14．From the passage, we know that Miss C ________.①helped the writer to find her dream②helped the writer to become a good teacher③will leave the writer to start a new life④will never leave the writer’s heartA．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④15．The writer writes the passage to ________.A．show the true meaning of educationB．tell others how much she loves teachingC．introduce her favorite teacher and their storyD．advise her readers to become good teachers16．The structure of the passage may be ________.（①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2…）A．B．C．D．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents for those he loved. The third Saturday in December Mark said that he had made his list and had twenty dollars in his pocket.I drove him to a nearby supermarket. Mark picked up a hand basket and went off on his own while I waited patiently reading a book in the car. It took Mark over 45 minutes to choose his presents. The clerk told him how much he needed to pay as I looked the other way. Mark kept within his budget (预算) and reached into his pocket for his money. It was not there! There was a hole in his pocket, but no money. Mark stood in the middle of the store holding his basket, tears rolling down his cheeks. His whole body was shaking with tears on his face. Then an amazing thing happened. A customer in the store came up to Mark. She knelt down and took him in her arms.“You would do me the greatest favour if you let me replace (补还) your money,”said the woman. “It would be the most wonderful present you could ever give me. I only ask that one day you pass it on. One day, when you are grown-up, I would like you to find someone you can help. When you help this other person, I know you will feel as good about it as I do now.”Mark took the money, dried his tears and ran to the checkout counter as fast as he could. I think we all enjoyed our gifts that year as much as Mark enjoyed giving them to us.I would like to say “thank you” to that very kind woman. I would like to tell her that four years later Mark went house to house collecting blankets and clothes for the homeless people in the Oakland fire — and he thought of her. And I want to promise her that Mark will never forget to keep passing it on.17．What’s the correct order of these events?a. Mark was told how much he needed to pay.b. A hole was found in Mark's pocket.c.I drove Mark to a nearby shop.d. Mark paid the gift with the money.e. A customer came to talk with Mark.A．cabed B．cbaed C．cdade D．dacbe18．Why were his tears rolling down Mark’s cheeks?A．Because he wanted to buy too many things.B．Because he didn’t keep within his budget.C．Because his money was missing.D．Because there was a hole in his pocket.19．According to the passage, we can infer that _________.A．Mark saved money to buy presents for those he loved.B．Mark had no money to give back to the woman.C．Mark was a kind boy who liked to help others.D．Mark didn’t have good experience because of the clerk.20．What’s the best title of the passage?A．A Kind Woman.B．Mark’s Warm FamilyC．Love is for Giving.D．Mark’s Gift.（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模）I was playing at the front gate, trying to decide whether to walk down the street to play with Jenny, when I saw a poor man coming up the road.“Hello, little girl,” he said, “Is your mama at home?”I nodded and opened the gate to let him get in the yard. He looked like all the homeless men who came to my home before. His messy hair hung below a shapeless hat, and his old shirt and trousers had been rained on and slept in. He smelled bad.He walked to the door. When my mother appeared, he asked, “Lady, could you spare something to eat?”“I think so. Please sit on the step.”Later, my mother came back and banded him a sandwich made from homemade bread and generous pieces of boiled meat. She also gave him a bottle of milk. “I thank you, lady.” he said.I played at the gate, watching the man wolf down the sandwich and empty the cup. After finishing the food, he stood up and walked back through the gate. “ ▲ “He told me on the way out.Jenny had said all the homeless men told each other who would feed them. “They never come to my house!” she had said proudly and happily.“So why does Mama feed the poor man?” I wondered. I walked inside. “Jenny’s mama says those men are too lazy to work. Why do we feed them?”My mother smiled. “Sweetheart, we don’t know why these men don’t work,” she said, “but they were babies once. And their mamas loved them, just like I love you.” She put her hands on my shoulders and drew me close toher.“For me, I fed them for their mothers, because if you were ever hungry and had nothing to eat, I would want others’ mothers to feed you.”I seemed to find out the answer to my question and understand that.21．After the poor man came to the writer’s home, the mother ________.A．made bread for him B．gave him some waterC．asked him to have a rest D．offered him a sandwich22．The story happened in the order of ________.a. My mother communicated with the poor man.b. I understood my mother after talking to her.c. I played at the gate and watched the poor man having food.d. I opened the gate to let him get in the yard.e. The poor man stood up and walked back through the gate.A．d-c-a-b-e B．a-e-d-c-b C．c-a-e-d-b D．d-a-c-e-b23．Which of the following can be put in the ________?A．They said your mama would feed me.B．I would like to come to play with you again.C．It’s kind of you to let me stay here for one night.D．We will ask Jenny’s mother to feed us, too.24．The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A．the reason why the mother fed the poor manB．the talk between the mother and the writerC．the question that Jenny didn’t know beforeD．the fact that Jenny’s family wouldn’t let the poor men in（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆南开中学校考二模）Catch the fish and then forget the net. This is one of my Chinese teacher’s favorite Chinese idioms (习语), Deyuwangquan. It comes from Zhuangzi and the meaning of it is that you are used to getting help from others but don’t show your thanks to them.When I studied this idiom in the United States, I read traditional Chinese characters (汉字). The character for“fish” has four dots (点) at the bottom. However, when today’s Chinese students study this idiom, they read simplified (简化的) characters. The character for “fish” only has a line at the bottom. This simplified character is easier to write. However, why are the four dots replaced by a line, rather than something else? And how many of you have thought about this?This simplification of Chinese characters started in the 1950s. The purpose was to improve literacy (文学). Simplified characters are easier for people to read and write.However, they fear that over-simplifying Chinese characters may cause some cultural heritage (遗产) to be lost. The first four dots at the bottom of the character for “fish” come from even older characters. These characters not only mean fish but also look like a fish. There are hundreds of such characters in Chinese. Each of them has a story behind its meaning.Some people have suggested that schools should teach traditional characters. But Chinese is already among the most difficult languages to read and write. To save time, perhaps we should still learn and use simplified characters. However, traditional Chinese characters are valuable and should stay, too. You may take some time to learn about them and the stories behind. In this way, you will help pass down Chinese culture and also have some fun. 25．We can use the idiom “Deyuwangquan” to describe ________.A．Linda, who is warm-hearted and always ready to help othersB．Cindy, who always forgets things and makes everything a messC．John, who is interested in fishing but not very good at itD．Bob, who is successful but not thankful to those who helped him26．________ is the traditional character for “fish” which the writer first read in the US.A．B．C．D．27．From the passage, we can learn ________.A．Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to read and writeB．the simplification of Chinese characters started in the 1960sC．it takes more time to write simplified Chinese charactersD．it’s meaningless to pass down traditional Chinese characters28．The passage mainly tells us something about ________.A．Chinese history B．Chinese idioms C．Chinese characters D．Chinese teachers（2023·重庆江北·校考三模）There were many fantastic boats in South Lake. Each boat was long, thin and colorful, like an arrow. Each team of students wearing life jackets sat in rows of two. Someone steered (掌舵) the boat from the back. A drummer kept time in the front. 20 paddlers (挠手) had long paddles (桨). They held them high above the water. Then their teacher gave a signal (信号). The students began to row. Suddenly, they all moved as one. With strong strokes (划桨), they paddled down the river. At the same time, the drummers tried their best to play the drums as if to say, “Come on!” The paddlers immediately followed with a rhythmic cry: “Dong! Dong! Dong! Dong! Ho! Ho! Ho ho ho.” The dragon groups were flying rapidly in the lake. Gradually, gradually, No. 4 broke out! Put all the boats far behind, and then the line! All the people around the lake were shouting cheerfully.No. 4, the winning team, is called Healthy Dragons. The students are from Hill Middle School. In fact, they are new to dragon boat racing. Some had never been on the water before. But they have learned it very quickly! The dragon boat program teaches them to be healthy. It lets them practice teamwork, too. Li Xin, one of the paddlers, said rowing is a “hard workout.” Still, he is glad he does it. Rowing makes him push himself.Mr. Liu is the Healthy Dragons coach. He loves how it helps the students. Healthy Dragons is about building confidence. The program lets kids try something new and teach them the team spirit. “They were often being silly and joking around. Then they got onto the water. The mood changed. The students became serious. They put all their energy into making their boats go faster.” Said Mr. Liu“It’s just wonderful out here,” Li Xin’s mother said. “If they can do this, just imagine what else they can do.”29．What is the first paragraph mostly about?A．The students were watching a dragon boat racing.B．The students were practicing boating.C．The students were racing dragon boats.D．The students were making a dragon boat.30．Which sentences can be filled in the Plot Curve (情节图) ________?A．Each team of students wearing life jackets sat in rows of two.B．With strong strokes (划桨), they paddled down the river.C．The paddlers immediately followed with a rhythmic cry: “Dong! Dong! Dong! Dong! Ho! Ho! Ho ho ho.”D．Gradually, gradually, No. 4 broke out! Put all the boats far behind, and then the line!31．Which sentence is NOT TRUE about students on the Healthy Dragons?A．They learnt a new sport to keep healthy.B．They raced dragon boats and learned how to be confident.C．They learnt to work together to move together.D．They used to be good at racing dragon boat.32．What did Li Xin’s mother really mean?A．They would get into better colleges.B．They wouldn’t have to do other sports.C．Their future would get worse and worse.D．Their future would get better and better.（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）When you imagine yourself in your 80s, what do you see?Many people imagine a comfortable life, but friends Sandy and Ellie see things a little differently. “Don’t sit in that chair and waste away, ”Sandy said. “If you don’t use it, you lose it.”Ellie and Sandy are from the same city, but they met each other while traveling in Africa many years ago. Since then, they have been travelling together.Two years ago, the now 81-year-olds started planning an adventure they called “Around the World at 80”. Their goal was to travel to all seven continents (洲), see 9 Wonders of the World, and visit 18 countries in two-and-a-half months. Unluckily, their plans were put on hold because of COVID-19, but in 2023 they finally hit the road with a new motto(座右铭): “81 and still on the run!”So far, they’ve seen the Northern Lights, played with penguins in Antarctica, flown over Qomolangma in an airplane, and enjoyed many other wonderful short journeys. Everywhere they go, they talk with people they meet and make new friends, which is part of the plan. Both of them think the Number One thing is meeting people, and the world is full of the greatest, most exciting.most interesting people.Nothing slows these two ladies down, not even the knee replacements(全膝关节置换术)for both of them. Ellie records their journey with photos and they have a blog. They hope to encourage others to keep moving into their golden years!33．In Para.1, Sandy wants to tell us that ________.A．it’s never too old to learn B．time waits for no manC．practice makes perfect D．a good beginning is half doneA．put away B．put off C．take up D．take off35．What do we know about Ellie and Sandy? ________A．They live in different cities.B．They didn’t have their knees replaced.C．They started to travel around the world at the age of 80.D．They find it the most important to get to know people .36．You can probably read this passage in the part of a magazine ________.A．fashion B．sports C．travel D．health（2023·重庆永川·统考一模）①What is a teacher? Well, a teacher is someone who teaches. They say things, and you remember them. But it was not until I met my music teacher that I realized this definition (定义) was too shallow (肤浅的).②When I first arrived at my music class at school, I didn’t have any knowledge of how to play the flute (长笛) at all. I couldn’t get the basic notes right. It seemed like a dream for me to perform in front of the school. However, my music teacher, Mr. Nevola, encouraged me to work toward my dreams. He did a lot for his students, including me.③He took a lot of time in finding the right flute book for me and spent extra (额外的) time teaching me. WhenI was unable to remember the notes, he taught me the trick: FACE. F means “fa”; A means “la”; C means “do”; E means “mi”. This way I can remember the notes much more quickly.④He also tried to make music class fun. We played games that helped develop our sense of rhythm (节奏感) and shared our favorite pieces on certain days. We talked about the background of music pieces from all over the world and learned about the development of music in the US. Sometimes when we were too tired, instead of forcing us to practice our instruments, Mr. Nevola would talk about relaxing things.⑤Thanks to Mr. Nevola’s fun teaching, I truly fell in love with the flute. After six months, I was able to blow seven notes in one breath. While this might not seem like a huge accomplishment (成就), I am still proud of it and thankful to Mr. Nevola who helped me make it happen. Now I understand the true meaning of a teacher totally. 37．When the writer first arrived at the music class at school, the writer knew ________ about how to play the flute (长笛).A．a lot B．nothing C．a little D．all38．What would Mr. Nevola do when the students were too tired to practice the instruments?A．He would ask them to keep practicing the instruments.B．He would give them up.C．He would be angry with them.D．He would talk about the relaxing things with them. 39．What’s the best title of the passage?A．A good teacher can make learning fun.B．I like to play the flute.C．Mr. Nevola is good at the flute.D．Be successful in music.40．The structure of the passage is ________.A．①/②③/④⑤B．①②③/④/⑤C．①/②③④/⑤D．①②/③/④⑤（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模）Wang Zhenyi was born in Anhui, China in 1768. Women were not allowed to have an education then. So Wang had to depend on teaching herself to meet her endless love for the world. Thankfully, her family supported her. Her grandfather shared with her a good collection of books and the basic rules of astronomy (天文学) while her father taught her math.At 16, she began to study something hard in astronomy and math on her own. Because she couldn’t get an education in school, she sometimes would feel upset when she didn’t understand some ideas in the book. She said, “I won’t give up because I love the subject so much.”She continued to study and began to make big progress in the research of the universe (宇宙). Her most famous explanation (解释) included creating a model to explain a lunar eclipse (月食). She used a light, a mirror and a roundtable to symbolize (象征) the sun, the moon and the earth. By moving the objects around, she was able to explain how a lunar eclipse was caused. Wang believed that science should be reached to more than just the well-educated. She spent many years working on the difficult rules and principles (原理) and translated them into a simpler language for readers to better understand them.Unluckily, she died of a disease at 29. Sadly, most of those works have become lost, including six books on math and astronomy. Although she lived in a feudal (封建的) society, ▲ . As a well respected woman scientist and international thinker, she is an inspiration to girls today. In 2004, the International Astronomical Union recognized her bright spirit by naming a crater (陨石坑) on Venus after her.41．According to Paragraph One, Wang’s family is ________.A．humorous B．outgoing C．open-minded D．warm-hearted42．What does Paragraph Three mainly talk about?A．Wang’s special ways of studying the universe.B．Wang’s challenges in studying astronomy.C．Wang’s achievements in math study.D．Wang’s new findings in lunar eclipse.43．Which of the following can be put in the ________?A．Wang received a good education in schoolB．Wang believed everyone could be freeC．Wang liked discussing interesting subjects with othersD．Wang believed a woman could show her talents to the fullest44．The passage is developed in the order of ________.A．person B．time C．space D．importance（2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模）Jin Ruirui, 33, from Yunnan tried to develop the local Yi embroider (彝绣) industry and promote (促进) women’s employment (就业).Jin was among the first group of college students in her village, but instead of working in big cities, she chose to come back to her hometown to set up her own Yi embroidery company (公司). “My mother raised me with the money she made as an embroiderer (刺绣工). I want to carry on her skills and help more embroiderers who are just like my mother—they might not get much education, but they know well about our local culture,” said Jin.。
人教版七年级语文下册专题12记叙文阅读二(专题部编版原卷版)
记叙文阅读（二）（一）（河南商丘·七年级统考期末）阅读下文，完成下面小题。
笔墨童年余秋雨①在山水萧瑟、岁月荒寒的家乡，我度过了非常美丽的童年。
②千般美丽中，有一半，竟与笔墨有关。
③那个冬天太冷了，河结了冰，湖结了冰，连家里的水缸也结了冰。
就在这样的日子，小学要进行期末考试了。
④破旧的教室里，每个孩子都在用心磨墨。
磨得快的，已经把毛笔在砚石上舔来舔去，准备答卷。
那年月，铅笔、钢笔都还没有传到这个僻远的山村。
⑤磨墨要水，教室门口有一个小水桶，孩子们平日上课时要天天取用。
但今天，那水桶也结了冰，刚刚还是用半块碎砖砸开了冰，才抖抖索索舀到砚台上的。
孩子们都在担心，考试到一半，如果砚台结冰了，怎么办？⑥这时，一位乐呵呵的男老师走进了教室。
他从棉衣襟下取出一瓶白酒，给每个孩子的砚台上都倒几滴，说：“这就不会结冰了，放心写吧！”⑦于是，教室里酒香阵阵，答卷上也酒香阵阵。
我们的毛笔字，从一开始就有了李白的余韵。
⑧其实岂止是李白。
长大后才知道，就在我们小学的西面，比李白早400年，一群人已经在蘸酒写字了，领头那个人叫王羲之，写出的答卷叫《兰亭序》。
⑨我上小学时只有4岁，自然成了老师们的重点保护对象。
上课时都用毛笔记录，我太小了，弄得两手都是墨，又沾到了脸上。
因此，每次下课，老师就会快速抱起我，冲到校门口的小河边，把我的脸和手都洗干净，然后，再快速抱着我回到座位，让下一节课的老师看着舒服一点。
但是，下一节课的老师又会重复做这样的事。
于是，那些奔跑的脚步，那些抱持的手臂，那些清亮的河水，加在一起，成了我最隆重的书法入门课。
如果我写不好毛笔字，天理不容。
⑩后来，学校里有了一个图书馆。
由于书很少，老师规定，用一页小楷，借一本书。
不久又加码，提高为两页小楷借一本书。
就在那时，我初次听到老师把毛笔字说成“书法”，因此立即产生误会，以为“书法”就是“借书的方法”。
这个误会，倒是不错。
⑪学校外面，识字的人很少。
但毕竟是王阳明、黄宗羲的家乡，民间有一个规矩，路上见到一片写过字的纸，哪怕只是小小一角，哪怕已经污损，也万不可踩踏。
记叙文阅读专题10篇
【阅读材料】《难忘的比赛》学校一年一度的运动会如期而至。
这次，我报名参加了男子100米短跑比赛。
站在起跑线上的我，紧张得心怦怦直跳。
旁边的同学们一个个摩拳擦掌，个个都是健将。
随着发令枪响起，我奋力冲出起跑线。
起初，我的速度并不快，但想到全班同学的期待，我咬紧牙关，加快了步伐。
就在我快要追上第一名时，突然脚下一滑，我摔倒在地。
那一刻，我只觉得膝盖一阵钻心的疼痛，眼泪不由自主地涌了出来。
我想放弃比赛，但耳边响起同学们的呐喊声：“加油！你能行的！”我深吸一口气，挣扎着站起来，继续跑向终点。
虽然我最终没有获得名次，但我完成了比赛。
全班同学都围过来，给我递水，扶我坐下。
我看着大家的笑脸，心中满是感激和温暖。
这次比赛让我明白，胜利固然重要，但坚持到底、不轻言放弃才是更珍贵的。
【题目与解析】1. 概括文章的主要内容。
解析：这是一个内容概括题，要求学生简要叙述文章的主要情节。
答案示例：文章讲述了作者参加运动会100米短跑比赛的经历，虽然在比赛中摔倒受伤，但在同学们的鼓励下坚持跑完比赛，最终感受到坚持与友谊的珍贵。
2. 文中“耳边响起同学们的呐喊声”一句在表达上有何作用？解析：这是表达效果题，考查学生对描写手法的理解。
答案示例：这句话运用了听觉描写，通过同学们的呐喊声，表现了大家对“我”的支持和鼓励，推动了“我”继续比赛的决心，突出了团结友爱的氛围。
3. 作者为什么说“比赛让我明白，坚持到底、不轻言放弃才是更珍贵的”？解析：这是主题理解题，考查学生对文章主旨的把握。
答案示例：因为在比赛中，虽然作者摔倒受伤，但没有放弃比赛，而是坚持跑到终点，体现了顽强的意志力和团队精神。
作者从中感悟到，胜利虽然重要，但坚持不懈的精神更为珍贵。
4. 文中“全班同学都围过来，给我递水，扶我坐下”一句在文章中起到什么作用？解析：这是段落作用题，考查学生对文章结构的理解。
答案示例：这句话通过描写同学们的关心，表现了集体的温暖与友谊，突出比赛结束后的感人场景，为文章结尾的感悟做好了铺垫。
中考人教版八年级语文下册专题7记叙文阅读(解析版)
专题07 记叙文阅读★知识划重点★记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。
记叙文常见考点及对策如下：1.用简洁的语言概括文章(文段)的内容。
首先要明白文中的时间、地点、人物和事件四个要素，然后根据“(何时、何地)谁干什么结果怎样”或者“什么怎么样”的思路组织语言。
要准确、清楚、简洁，不要把概括内容变成了原文复述。
尤其要抓住核心要素----人物+事件+结果。
同时，要注意题目是否有字数方面的限制，在字数范围之类，尽可能详细，字数超过要删去次要信息。
21·世纪*教育网2.记叙文的人称及作用：第一人称，便于直抒胸臆，读起来可以增添文章的真实感。
第二人称，如同作者和读者对话，读起来给人一种亲切感。
第三人称，不受时空的限制，能从多方面自由叙述。
21*教*育*名*师3.记叙的详略：回答的基本格式是“什么内容与什么中心或人物关系不大，所以略写。
或者是什么内容与什么中心或中心人物关系密切，能够更好的表达什么中心或更好的表现什么中心人物，所以详写。
”21-cnjy*com4.记叙的顺序及其作用：常见的有四种：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、和补叙。
顺叙的作用是：按事情的发展为序，使叙事的层次更清楚。
倒叙的作用是：构成强烈的悬念，吸引读者阅读下文。
插叙的作用是：对主要的情节起纯托或补充作用。
补叙的作用是：起补充、丰富、深化叙述的作用，使叙事更严谨，有时也起到突处强调的作用。
5.记叙的线索：记叙的线索可分为：以人为线，以物为线，以事为线，以人物思想感情变化为线（考查的较多），以时空转移为线。
（这类题时常以填写题目出现）回答此题的关键是看文章的标题，文章的标题往往就是全文的线索;其次是关注文中反复出现的关键词语，这个词语一般也就是文章的线索。
6.记叙文人物描写方法：外貌描写、心理描写、动作描写、语言描写和神态描写；概括描写和细节描写；正面描写和侧面描写等。
一般是以这样的题型出现：怎样的人物形象？对人物刻画的具体方法？并用例句进行分析其作用是怎样的？（比如：“————”句就是通过什么描写刻画了一个什么样的人物形象？）7.记叙文里的环境描写及其作用：（以自然环境描写考查的居多）自然环境的作用：表现了人物的心理活动；渲染气氛；为下文做铺垫；推动故事情节的发展。
中考现代文阅读记叙文真题精选：走进自然专题篇(含答案解析)
中考现代文阅读记叙文真题精选走进自然专题篇一、阅读下文，完成下面小题。
【2022·新疆·中考真题】伊犁的那些金乔叶①这个秋天，终于来到伊犁。
对于伊犁是什么印象？两个字：金的。
②走出机场，正值太阳西下，当最后的余晖洒在一块又一块的田野上，深墨的树林和不知名的翠绿铺陈着，这情形仿佛某个画家随手涂抹的印象派作品。
一团团的稻田金，变成了一针针、一棵棵。
这些金摇曳在每一株稻子身上，是毛茸茸、鲜嫩嫩的金色，是骄傲的，也是沉着的、纯粹的金色。
③作为在田野中长大的中原人，我爱这种田野。
④我第一次见薰衣草的时候，就觉得她的香气是那么特别。
她的香气啊，仿佛会唱歌，而这歌声是金色的。
这沉默的芳香的花朵，这只用芳香来说话的花朵，她的芳香就是她的声音。
她的声音，是金嗓子。
然后，慢慢淡下来，淡下来，淡到都以为已经没有的时候，再一闻，还是有，只是埋得深了。
过些时日，再闻，还是有，而且，更深。
⑤作为一个喜欢听音乐的人，我爱这种芳香。
⑥这里的食物也是金色的。
馕，是金色的。
刚出炉的馕，我可以吃一整个，左手拿着吃，右手忙着接掉落的芝麻粒，既狼狈又幸福。
还有烤包子，它们不是圆的，有着棱角分明的造型，它们在烤炉里的样子，真是可爱啊，金色的火焰熏烤着它们，一排排的，白色的面皮上开出了一朵朵匀称的焦黄……还有金色的抓饭。
胡萝卜、白米饭、羊肉块、皮牙子……都不是金色的，但凑到一起，就有一种金灿灿的效果。
至于奶茶、粉汤、纳仁、辣罐、面肺子、米肠、油塔子、油糕……在我的味觉中，它们统统是金色。
那个下午，和两个朋友去逛大巴扎，还看到了金色的红薯。
那么朴拙的红薯，撕开了皮，便露出了金色的内里。
当然，还有卡瓦斯，它当然是金色的。
无论是玉米粉、玉米花还是炒麦茶制作的卡瓦斯，统统都是金色的。
⑦作为一个地道的吃货，我爱这里所有的食物。
⑧那天下午，在夕阳下，我步行在伊犁河大桥上，一步步走近了伊犁河。
走近伊犁河才知道，她也是金色的。
在我的右侧，河面上是宁静的灰蓝。
专题07：理清顺序,体会作用-备战2023年中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练(解析版)
专题07：理清顺序，体会作用第一部分：方法指导1.顺叙是按照事件的发展的时间先后的顺序来叙述的方法，其优点是条理清晰，脉络清楚。
2.倒叙是根据文章表达的需要，把事件的结局或某个最主要、最突出的片段提到文章的前面，其优点是突出结果或最精彩的部分，适成悬念，吸引读者，增强文章的生动性。
3.插叙是在叙述中心事件的过程中，为了帮助展开情节或刻画人物，暂时中断叙述的线索，插入一段或几段与主要情节相关的回忆或故事的叙述方法。
对主要情节起到补充衬托作用，使情节更加完整，有助于刻画人物性格，使文章脉络清晰。
第二部分：答题格式本文（或本段）运用了顺叙（倒叙、插叙），叙述了********（内容）******（作用）。
第三部分：真题演练一、（2022·江苏宿迁·统考二模）阅读下面的文章，完成下面小题。
母亲（节选）梁晓声①在这一个淫雨潇潇的孤独的日子，我想念我的母亲。
隔窗有杨树的眼睛愣愣地呆呆地瞅我……②最堪怜是中秋、国庆、新年、春节前夕的母亲，她每日只能睡上两三个小时。
③五个孩子都要新衣穿，没有，也没钱买。
母亲便夜夜地洗、缝、补、浆。
若是冬季里，洗了上半夜搭到外边去冻着，下半夜再取回屋里，烘烤在烟筒上。
母亲不敢睡，怕焦了着了。
母亲是太刚强的女人，她希望我们在普天同庆的节日，没条件穿件新衣服，也要从里到外穿得干干净净。
尽管是打了补丁的衣服，还想方设法美化我们的家。
④家像地窖，像窝，像上丘之间的窝。
土地，四壁落土，顶棚落土。
它使不论多么神通广大的女人为它而做的种种努力，都在几天内变为徒劳。
母亲却常说：“蜜蜂蚂蚁还知道清理窝呢，何况人！”母亲拼尽她那毫无剩余可淡的精力，也非要使我们的家在短短几天的节日里多少有点像样不可。
“说不定会有什么人来！”母亲心怀这等美好的愿望，颇喜悦地劳碌着。
然而没有个谁来。
没有个谁来，母亲也并不觉得扫兴和失望。
生活没能将母亲变成个懊丧的怨天怨地的女人。
母亲分明是用她的心锲而不舍地衔着一个乐观。
中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)
中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1．阅读下面的文段，回答问题。
二十岁的父亲蔡怡①“爸爸，您几岁啦？”我问。
听到我喊他一声爸爸，他面有难色地望了我一眼，好像对我这叫了他五十多年的称呼无法接受。
但一向温文、有修养的他犹豫了好一会儿，用疏远又客气的态度回答：“二十岁吧！”【甲】②他说的时候，脸上露出慈祥的笑容。
不，我应该说他脸上露出天真无邪的笑容。
那是三岁小娃娃那样的纯净的笑。
③“您是做爸爸的哟，怎么才二十岁？”我一面提醒他，一面拿镜子给他，要他看清楚镜中的老人。
④“瞧，您一头闪着银光的白发，不是二十岁吧？”我给他第二个提示，再次试探他的记忆。
⑤趁着父亲专心地望着镜子，我也在一旁细细地打量他。
他穿件浅绿色短袖衬衫，洗得泛白了。
本来我想帮他换上丈夫出差回来为他刚买的新衣，他却一直拒绝，直说没钱也不能穿别人的衣服。
⑥他总担心没钱，不知这是老年人的通病，还是失智老人独有的忧愁。
向他出示写着他大名的存折，并大声念出折子里的存款数额，是我每天的功课，但都无济于事。
每隔十分钟，他就要出门找教书的工作赚钱。
他一面说，还一面摸上衣口袋，于是我赶紧在他的口袋里放上几百块钱，然而这并不能真正解决问题。
⑦父亲的焦躁让我心疼，不停地解说也很累人。
雇用的外籍看护担心我不在家的时候，中文不流利的她无法应付父亲，更担心父亲因急着找工作而趁人不备溜出大门。
他曾经很神奇地打开四道不同的锁，搭电梯下到一楼，所幸被已经打过招呼的警卫拦了下来。
⑧后来我为解决父亲的“工作狂”心态想出一条妙计。
我用他的口吻在一个纸板上大大地写着：“我，蔡某某，已经教了四十多年的书，现在领退休金在家养老，还有儿女奉养，生活无忧无虑，不需要再去工作赚钱了。
”⑨没事时，我就请他翻来覆去地大声朗读这些话。
每读一遍，他紧绷的神经就会松弛一些，脸上浮现出笑容。
但读完立刻忘记，所幸，他会自动重读一遍纸板上的好消息，每天读成千上万遍也不厌倦。
记叙文阅读专题课件(共54张PPT)
5、联想：丰富文章内容，使人物形象更丰满 生动，性格更鲜明突出，情节更生动感人； 使文章更有内涵，增强文学性。 6、想象：为塑造形象、表现主题服务，使读 者接受美的陶冶。 7、虚实结合：突出事物的特点和本质特征， 更鲜明的刻画人物的性格，集中地揭示主旨。 8、托物言志：含蓄、富有哲理和暗示性，使 读者在欣赏中获得独特的美感享受。 9、直抒胸臆：直接表达表达思想和情感，使 读者受到感染。
一、记叙文阅读
【梳理知识 查漏补缺】
一、什么是写作手法（写法）
是作者为表情达意而采取的有效艺 术手段。写作技巧受限于作者的世界观、 艺术观，同时又作用于他的写作实践， 为写作活动服务。
二、写作手法的分类:
1、表达方式：记叙（叙述）、说明、 议论、描写、抒情。
2、修辞手法：比喻、拟人、夸张、 对偶、排比、反复、反问、设问、 引用等。
白描的作用：让被描写的对象主体突出，简洁明了， 准确传神；给读者留下丰富的想象和再创造空间； 烘托气氛，表现力强，增强文章的感染力。 细描的作用 具体生动地表现人物或事物形象，更好地表现主旨； 感染力强，使人能身临其境，给读者留下深刻印象。
5、议论：增强文章表达效果，提高战斗性；明确文 章主题,揭示蕴含的思想意义；贯通文脉紧凑篇章结 构。
• 2.叙事类的记叙文：通过叙述事件，写出事情的起因、经过和 结果来表现文章的主题。《台阶》、《社戏》。
• 3.写景类的记叙文：通过描绘寄托作者的思想感情。《春》。 • 4.状物类的记叙文：通过写物表达作者的思想感情。《海燕》。
知识点3 • “六要素”指时间、地点、人物以及事件的起因、经过、结果。 • 提醒：并非所有的记叙文都必须满足“六要素”，有些文章中，某
（四）结构手法及其作用
1、照应（前后照应、首尾呼应）：使情节完整，结 构严谨，中心突出。使文章结构紧凑，气势贯通，总 结全文，增强表达效果；突出主题，深化主题。 2、过渡：承上启下，结构严谨，浑然一体；前后呼 应；转移话题、连接事件，转换场景；思路清晰、转 换自然；衔接紧密，上下连贯。 3、衔接：使诗文上下文之间取得连接与过渡的一种 写作技法。主要作用是保持意义上的连贯、文句的流 畅和行文的变化。 4、悬念：使文章张弛有度，情节曲折，吸引读者。 层层设疑，紧紧地抓住读者的阅读兴趣，更好地达到 了表达自己主题的目的。
记叙文阅读专题24篇(含答案)
全国中考语文真题分类汇编：记叙文阅读专题（共24篇）目录1．栅栏两边苹果甜 (2)2．天空没有多余的星星 (4)3．木刻猴子（林文义） (6)4．石崖上的枣树（刘成章） (9)5．雪白（王开岭） (11)6．家徽（余华） (13)7．消失的故乡（谢冕） (15)8．寻找（马德） (17)9．地铁客的风格（毕淑敏） (19)10．微尘远，山花近（秦锦屏） (22)11．老师! 老师！（阎连科） (25)12．继父（张亚凌） (27)13．谢谢你，曾经允许我不爱 (29)14．燃烧的木棉（梁惠娣） (31)15．《汉字书法之美》自序（蒋勋） (33)16．守候一株水仙（朱钟洋） (35)17．那些乡间的事物（贾维秀） (38)18．素颜如雪 (40)19．奇怪的西方记者（邓笛） (42)20．雕花烟斗（冯骥才） (44)21．炸豆（阿慧） (46)22．乡村一树寂寞红（杜忠书） (48)23．老汪栗子（明前茶） (50)24．杏荫井台（杨闻宇） (52)1栅栏两边苹果甜①艾尔和胡安住在普韦布洛村村口两幢并排的房子里，尽管他们的房子十分相似，但艾尔家的庭院里有一棵枝繁叶茂的大苹果树，而胡安家却没有。
在艾尔看来，除了家人和好脾气，胡安拥有的东西很少。
②春天，苹果树蓬蓬勃勃地开出满树的粉色花朵；秋天，苹果树的枝头缀满红艳、甜美的果实。
这时，艾尔每天都会对着苹果树吹嘘一番：“我的苹果树开出的花最美丽，结出的果实最甜美，这使我成为普韦布洛村最棒、最幸福的人！”“那的确是棵很美的苹果树。
”胡安赞同地说，“你也让我们一同欣赏它的美丽，我感觉很开心。
”听到别人也从他的苹果树上获取益处，艾尔的幸福减少了一大半。
他越想越不高兴，为了独享苹果树恩赐的幸福，他悄悄地建造了一道高高的栅栏。
③尽管如此，有一年春天，艾尔还是沮丧地看到，苹果树的一根枝条已悄悄伸进了邻居家的庭院。
艾尔想：“我不能剪掉它，秋天它还会结出很多的苹果呢。
(完整版)小学语文记叙文阅读理解专题训练
小学语文记叙文阅读理解专题训练一、阅读下面的文章 , 完成下列各题.—-————-———-——————-—--——————我曾给学生讲过一个发生在我朋友身上的真实故事一一朋友在外地工作，常年不回家,母亲盼呀盼，终于得到儿子要在除夕之夜回到家里的喜讯.那天,在爆竹声中,母亲包好了三鲜馅儿的饺子,专等着儿子回来后下锅。
馅是精心调的，应该正对儿子的胃口.但是,母亲心里还是有一些忐忑，她想预先知道这饺子的咸淡,便煮了两个来品尝。
一尝之下,母亲大惊失色，饺子馅儿里竟然忘了放盐!母亲看着两屉包好的饺子,绝望至极。
她知道可以让儿子蘸着酱油吃,她也知道即使蘸着酱油吃,儿子也会欢呼“好吃死了”, 可她不愿意让千里迢迢赶回来的儿子吃到有缺陷的饺子, 怎么办?这个聪慧的母亲，居然从邻居那里讨来了一支注射器,调好了盐水,开始逐个给饺子“打针”儿子回到家里，饺子也注射完毕。
母亲煮好了饺子,让儿子尝尝味道如何。
儿子尝了,连说“ 好吃”。
这时候，母亲得意地举起那支注射器给儿子看,向儿子夸耀说，她 ,可以将一个缺陷修复得让他察觉不出来。
可是，儿子听着听着就哭了,他在想,这些年他一个人在外面打拼,也曾吃过很多饺子，那些饺子，咸的咸，淡的淡，他都咽下去了,有谁能像母亲这样在意他的口味？为了让儿子吃到咸淡适宜的饺子，母亲竟想出了这样高妙的法子.吃着这交织着母亲的爱与智慧的饺子，哪个孩子能不动容？我多么欣慰,几年前，我将这样一个暖心的故事植入了孩子们的心田，我本不指望收获什么的，甚至以为那些听故事的人很快就会将它淡忘了.但是，这个同学居然能把这则故事铭记这么久!我相信,铭记着这则故事的人会珍惜母亲做的每一餐饭，会在寡淡的饭菜中品出一种难得的真味与厚味。
母亲摆出一场爱的盛宴，只等着她心爱的小鸟来啄。
幸福的小鸟啊，你无须刷卡，只管欢畅地啄食、尽情地享用这人间的珍馐吧。
1。
整体感知文章内容，在_______________________上为文章你写一个简洁的标题。
人教统编版语文七下 期末考前专项训练专题 09 课外记叙文阅读(附答案)
专题09 课外记叙文阅读1．阅读下面的文章，回答问题。
一架纸飞机①你知道怎样折一架飞得很远的纸飞机吗？②在我还是个孩子的时候，我的老师这样问过我。
③我很笨，学东西永远慢半拍。
我记得在最后一节手工课上，老师教我们折纸飞机。
同学们陆陆续续把作品交给老师，而我却只能沮丧地坐在教室里。
这时，老师走近了，坐在我身旁，突然以臂环绕着我，把我拥进她的怀抱里，又变魔术般地折了一架纸飞机。
④临走时，我依稀听见老师的声音：“你知道怎样折一架飞得很远的纸飞机吗？”⑤我摇头，只看到老师以手做飞机状，向下滑翔着。
她的手不一会儿便撞上了我的心口，轻轻地，软软地，非常温柔。
那日之后，我还是没学会折纸，但这个问题，却潜伏在心间。
⑥一个夏初，我跟随志愿队去残疾人托养中心。
在那儿，我见到了我的学员，我微笑着和他打招呼。
下一瞬，他走过来，突然朝我“嘿”了一声，羞怯地笑了。
“你叫什么名字呀？”“嘿。
”“别走太快，别累着了。
”“嘿。
”我与男孩之间的对话，大抵如此，仿佛被上帝阻隔了一道墙。
⑦“好了，接下来我们进入最后环节：折纸飞机。
”小男孩这时抬起了头，好奇地看那一沓五彩缤纷的彩纸。
我模仿着，将手中的纸对折，翻转，一架纸飞机竟也从我的手中变了出来。
“嘿！”小男孩又露出了笑容，他小心翼翼地抚摸刚刚成形的纸飞机。
我将纸飞机平摊在桌上，拿来一把颜色笔。
他快速地捡起一支，又开始说“嘿”了，我感觉到他正努力地把色彩粘贴在机翼上。
于是我便不再说话，只是专心地和他一起往那白纸上涂抹。
“嘿，嘿，嘿！”他这么喊着，一声比一声重，头不停地抖动，用很大力气涂抹，几乎要把那张纸戳出窟窿来。
我更觉得他像一团不知如何是好的火，不安地，焦躁地，混乱地跳动着。
⑧“来，我教你。
”我用臂环绕着他，还能感觉到他身躯之下传递的躁动。
我抓着他颤抖的右手，将笔触带向纸飞机的空白之处，我能感觉到他安静下来了，他的手不再那么颤抖，身子也稳稳地停在椅子上。
⑨在这一段无言的时光中，绚烂的色彩在我们的笔下绽放。
2023年中考语文记叙文阅读专题-记叙顺序与作用
——记叙文阅读专题——记叙顺序及作用【中考真题链接㈠】父亲的歌①父亲去世了，我一直沉浸在悲痛中。
冬天的寒风吹过烟囱，发出“呜呜声，又令我想起那个晚上父亲教我听歌的情景。
②那时我大概五六岁吧。
那天夜幕降临后，我便爬上床。
这时，一道微弱的电光透过窗帘划破漆黑的天空，接着长长的、低沉的雷声滚滚而来，挤进窗缝的风像魔鬼一样嘶吼着，然后整个房间被闪电照亮了，随即好像有千万只鞭炮震响……我吓呆了，大声哭喊起来。
③很快，父亲来到我的床前，紧紧地抱着我。
他说：“你听！快听！暴风雨里有一支歌！我停止哭泣。
又一道电光，又一声炸雷。
“快听那鼓声！听它的节奏！”父亲说。
接着又传来鬼叫似的风声，他小声道：“我觉得咱们已听到悦耳的口琴声了，你听到了吗？”我仔细听着。
“没听到，”我轻声答，“我听这声音像竖琴。
”父亲抚摸着我的脸颊：“好，很好！现在，你闭止眼睛，试着爬上音符并骑到它背上去，它将带你到一个神奇的地方……”我闭上眼睛，非常细心地听起来。
我真的骑上了竖琴的音符，一直跨进了清晨。
这一觉睡得真香！④父亲是个古板的人，整天只知道工作，他没有演奏过乐器，甚至连一个音符也不识，但他喜爱音乐。
他有时会坐在日光里，用那台古老的留声机摇出轻音乐来，但几分钟后就什么声音也没有了。
一天，我问他音乐停止后他做什么。
“噢，”父亲回答，同时把双手放在胸前，“当真正的音乐开始时，我在听自己的歌。
”我不太明白，疑惑地看着他。
“宇宙间的一切都有音乐，”父亲说，“音乐存在于季节变换中，存在于你心脏的搏动里，存在于快乐和痛苦中。
不要抵制它，要顺其自然，使它成为它自己的乐章。
⑤不久，我就听到了自己的乐章。
我在一所聋哑学校任教，遇到了一件令人头疼的事——有点耳聋的莎莉失去了学习听力的信心。
一天，当我和她一起练习听音乐时，我想起了父亲在日光室里说的那些话。
“莎莉，”我说，“我要把音乐关掉，但我希望你继续听。
”她有些不解。
“我不是要你用耳朵听，而是用心听。
当你的心叭响起音乐时，无论走到哪里，你都会听到美妙的乐曲。
专题训练十五 记叙文阅读
3．如何理解文章标题《蜷在角落里的父亲》的含义。 ①坐在柜台后的父亲像是蜷在角落里，几乎要与墙壁融为一体。 ②父亲不善言辞，把他对“我”的爱默默地藏在心里。 ③曾经父亲在“我”心里没有一席之地，“我”也未曾深入了 解、关心过他。
4．文中的父子之爱深而沉。其实，有时候爱是需要大声说出来 的。请编写一条短信，给最关爱你的人。要求：至少使用一种修辞 手法。
1．文章围绕“师生之间”回忆了哪些事？ ①老师编顺口溜教“我们”读拼音字母和阿拉伯数字；②老师 和“我们”轮流用嘴冲着炉口猛吹，点燃取暖的炭炉子；③六一儿 童节，老师借秧歌队的锣鼓教“我们”表演；④老师常带着“我们” 下地劳动；⑤语文老师拿着“我”的作文本给大家又是读又是看； ⑥临别前，语文老师把“我们”一个一个地抱在怀里舍不得离开。
⑦村里小学有一片自留地，老师常带着我们下地劳动。春天， 我们一起将地里的玉米或高粱茬子整理干净，将农家肥均匀撒开， 学着大人的样子将种子埋入土中，似乎满眼都是收获的景象。夏天， 校门口的庄稼长势喜人，走过路过总要回头看几眼，就像惦记自己 的亲人一样，人和土地的感情就这样在我们心里扎了根。秋天，和 老师们一起掰玉米、刨土豆。点燃一堆柴火烤土豆，新鲜的土豆冒 着热气，带着泥土的芬芳，让人百吃不腻。
3．文中的语文老师给你留下怎样的印象？请结合文章第⑧～⑨ 段分析。
①善于鼓励学生。从“老师夸我作文写得不错，拿着作文本给 大家又是读又是看，激动得像个孩子”可以看出。②疼爱学生。从 “临别前，她把我们一个一个地抱在怀里舍不得离开，眼里噙着泪 水说不出话来”可以看出。
4．某日报设有“工匠精神”“青春风采”“金色童年”等栏目。 你会向哪个栏目推荐本文？请分别从选材和主题的角度说明理由。
⑨“还记得你祖父长什么样子吗？”父亲突然开口，声音很轻， 我甚至觉得还没有烛花爆裂的声音大。
初中语文中考 名著阅读 记叙文阅读
对偶
举例 谈笑有鸿儒，往来无白丁。（《陋室铭》）
①语言形式整齐、结构匀称、音韵和谐、节奏感强，增强语言的 作用 表现力；②高度概括，看起来醒目，读起来顺口，便于记忆和背
诵。
真题串考点 课时突破三
2019年安徽中考记叙文阅读仍会延续往年的考查模式，稳中求新、求变，继 续选择文质兼美的文章，在保证对高频考点考查的基础上增加新的考点或题型： 题量和分值也应会保持稳定。
专题一 记叙文阅读
真题串考点 课时突破一
真题串考点 课时突破二
真题串考点 课时突破三
记叙文是以写人、叙事、写景、状物为主的一种文体。它最突出的特点是“以 事感人，以情动人”，即通过记叙事件、描写人物活动来表现文章的中心思想和作 者的感情立场，使人读后受到感染和影响。
时间、地点、人物、（事件的）起因、经过和结果。 如《背影》一文：时间——那年冬天的一个下午；地点——南京车站；人物 ——父亲、“我”；起因——“我”回北京念书，父亲到车站送“我”；经过— —父亲穿过铁道、攀爬月台给“我”买橘子；结果——“我”看着父亲的背影流 下泪来。
专题一 记叙文阅读
真题串考点 课时突破一
夸张
举例
他每一天每一点钟都要换一套衣服。人们提到他，总是说：“皇 上在更衣室里。”（《皇帝的新装》）
作用
①揭示事物的特点（本质）；②烘托气氛，增强语言的感染力和 表达效果；③引起读者的想象和强烈共鸣，增强读者印象。
答题模板
该句运用夸张的修辞手法，揭示了（事物）……特点/本质，表 达了（人物）……的情感。
/
/
）
专题一 记叙文阅读
真题串考点 课时突破一
真题串考点 课时突破二
真题串考点 课时突破三
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记叙文阅读专题二
理解重点句子在文中的含义和作用
考点精析
重点句子一般考查：①点明题旨的句子；②描写、
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二、试题引领，方法总结
例句分析探讨
例①山如眉黛，小屋恰似眉梢间的痣一点。
（选自李乐薇的《我的空中楼阁》）
试分析这句话在文中的含义和作用？
答：运用修辞手法，将比作是，形象生动地表现出了的特点，表达了作者之情。
答题模式：运用比喻的修辞方法，将……（本体）比作……（喻体）形象生动地表现了（本体）……的特点，表达了作者……之情。
真题演练
答题模式：运用了对比修辞方法，强调了……，突出了……，表达了……
真题演练
在西域，那曾经三十六国的繁华，那曾经狂嘶的烈马，腾燃的狼烟，飞旋的胡舞，激愤的羯鼓肃穆的
佛子，缓行的商队，……都已被那浩茫茫的大漠洗礼得苍凉斑驳。
仅仅千年，只剩下残破的驿道，荒凉的古城，七八匹孤零零的骆驼……。
当然，还剩
西风
，
方法小结
方法一：品味修辞，挖掘内涵。
模式：确认修辞方法＋修辞本身作用＋内容表达（结合语境）
例③母亲那种勤劳俭朴的习惯，母亲那种宽厚仁慈的态度，至今还在我心中留有深刻的印象。
（选自
朱德的《回忆我的母亲》中间）
划线句子在全文中起什么作用？
答：在结构上起作用，统领下文；在内容上。
例④所以，这世上不是被爱得愈多的人，愈懂得回
答：在内容上
在结构上
方法小结
方法二：把握位置，领悟作用
答题模式
内容上：主要是点明主旨或表达作者的感受，画龙点睛，总结全文等。
结构上：
开头句：总领全文；点题；设置悬念；为下文作铺垫等。
中间句：承上启下。
结尾句：总结全文，点明主旨；呼应前文等。
例⑤可是他穿过铁道，要爬上那边月台，就不容易了。
他用两手攀着上面，两脚再向上缩；他肥胖的
冷风吹进船舱中，呜呜的响，从蓬隙向外一望，苍黄的天底下，远近横着几个萧索的荒村，没有一些活气。
我的心禁不住悲凉起来了。
（鲁迅《故乡》）
问题：划线句属于什么描写，有什么作用？
答：描写。
描写了的特点，为后文写记忆中的故乡
作铺垫，烘托心情。
环境描写的答题模式：描写了……的特点，为……交代背景（做铺垫），烘托了……心情。
真题演练
海参崴的海与别处不同，深灰色的迷蒙中透露出巨
步入一种全新的纯美境界……（《心许子午兰》结尾）
划线句属于什么表达方式？有什么作用？
答：。
抒发作者，表达作者。
总结全文，升华主题。
答题模式：确认表达方式+表达方式本身的作用+内容表达（结合语境）
真题演练
天下所有慈母的跪拜，包括动物在内，都是神圣的。
（《藏羚羊的跪拜》结尾）
这句话有什么含义？就全文而言有什么作用？
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3确认方式，紧扣主题。
四、中考模拟训练阅读下文按要求答题
黄山绝壁松冯骥才
山上有名气的松树颇多。
如迎客松、望客松、黑虎松、连理松等等，都是游客们争相拍照的对象。
①但我说的不是这些名松，而是那些生在极顶和绝壁上不知名的野松。
②黄山全是石峰。
裸露的巨石侧立千仞，光秃
扯与摧折，它们的根日日夜夜与石头搏斗着，最终不可思议地穿入坚如钢铁的石体。
细心便能看到，这些松根在生长和壮大时常常把石头从中挣裂!还
有什么树木有如此顽强的生命力?
我在迎客松后边的山崖上仰望一处绝壁，看到一条长长的石缝里生着一株幼小的松树。
它高不及
我
与凶险的环境强化出来的。
它强劲和富于弹性的树干，是长期与风雨搏斗的结果；它远远地伸出的枝叶是为了更多地吸取阳光……这一代代艰辛的生存
记忆，已经化为一种个性的基因，潜入绝壁松的骨头里。
因此，它们才有着如此非凡的性格与精神。
它们站立在所有人迹罕至的地方。
那些荒峰野
裸的枯骸，却依旧尊严地挺立在绝壁之上。
于是，一个强者应当有的品质——刚强、坚韧、适应、忍耐、奋取与自信，它全都具备。
精心整理
④现在可以说了，在黄山这些名绝天下的奇石奇云奇松中，石是山的体魄，云是山的情感，而松——绝壁之松是山的灵魂。
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4。