概要写作—同义词替换
英语写作同义词替换
英语写作同义词替换引导语：为了帮助大家提高水平，以下是店铺为大家整理的英语写作同义词替换，欢迎阅读!1、认为，断言：think, believe, argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advocate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert，personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, for my part2、许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的，a minority of小部分的3、如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently, in recent decades4、越来越：increasing, growing5、重要，必要，肯定主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influential, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major, gist, crux关键，症结所在6、关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, attract…, raise…concern, arouse… concern, call for…concern, attach im portance to, give priority to, lay emphasis/stress on7、不予重视、忽视、低估、次要：downplay, overlook, ignore,neglect, underestimate,secondary in importance8、赞成、支持：applaud, favor, advocate, in favor of, be side with, in agreement with, go for, vote, proponent支持者9、反对：oppose, protest, frown皱眉，object to, go against, disagree with, opponent反对者10、一致意见：consensus, it is universally acknowledged that…, it is generally accepted11、有争议的问题、热点问题、棘手的问题、关注的问题：a controversial issue, a heated topic,a burning problem, a thorny issue, a matter of concern, a subject of fierce debate12、归因于，源自于：ascribe to, attribute to, result from, is associated with, arise from, derivefrom, stem from, originate from (in), grow form, a source of13、因为，由于：by virtue of, in light of, due to, thanks to, owing to, because of, be responsiblefor14、导致、造成：contribute to, lead to, result in, bring about, create, give rise to, trigger, ignite, cause, generate, promote, breed, induce15、往往，表趋势：tend to, be prone to, be inclined to, havea tendency to16、可能：may, perhaps, be likely to, possibly, it is very likely that…, it is predicted that…预测17、发生，出现，产生：take place, occur, arise, bring about, create, cause, emerge, turn out,work out18、常常：often, frequently, more often than not19、偶尔：occasionally, sometimes, once in a while, on some occasions20、有…影响：exert …effects on, have an effect/ impact/ influence on21、不管，尽管：no matter…, regardless of, despite, in spite of22、塑造、培养：cultivate, develop, foster, mould, shape,build23、增强：promote, strengthen, enhance, intensify, magnify, amplify24、接触到：expose…to, have/ get access to25、能给，能使，能让：give, let, make, offer, promise, bring, provide, allow, render, ensure,equip…with, furnish…with, encourage, enable sb、to do sth、liberate/ free/ release sb、from、、26、优点、优势：pro, merit, strength, advantage, benefit, positive27、缺点、弱势：con, fault, flaw, weakness, downside, drawback, disadvantage, negative28、如果、假设：imagine that, provided that, suppose that, on condition that29、破坏、损害、有害：destroy, damage, spoil, ruin, undermine, endanger, jeopardize, impair,temper, do harm to , be detrimental to, be hazardous,30、阻碍，妨碍：hinder, hamper, block, keep…from, obstacle to, barrier to,31、构成潜在威胁/危害：pose potential threat/ danger/ risk to32、有益，有助于：be beneficial/ instrumental/ helpful/ conducive/ favorable/ optimal, facilitate33、伴随：along with, together with, be accompanied by34、关于：in terms of, with regards to, as to35、呈现，展现，描述：show, display, illustrate, exhibit, describe, depict, demonstrate, unfold,point to the fact that…36、不可否认：there is no denying that…, it is an undeniable fact that…37、毫无疑问：it is no doubt that…, admittedly38、普遍，流行，受欢迎：prevalent, prevail, enjoy/ gain popularity39、当谈到，谈及：when it comes to…,40、让我/我们想到：it occurs to me/ us that…41、目睹、见证：The 20th century witnessed/ saw that…42、明显,突出的(adj): conspicuous/ striking /prominent /eminent/ noticeable/remarkable/obvious/ apparent/ evident/ significant43、很大地，非常地(表示程度)：significantly, considerably,surprisingly, greatly, highly,hugely, largely, tremendously, enormously, overwhelmingly, remarkably, strikingly, substantially, essentially, vastly, entirely, badly,44、合理的，可行的，恰当的：reasonable, rational, sensible, appropriate, proper, sound,plausible貌似合理的，45、证明，证实： confirm, prove, justify, verify,。
概要写作微技能3.3：同义替换(词性替换与正话反说实例)
词性替换
1. prefer (v.) 2. compare (v.) 3. discuss (v.) 4. tend to 5. lack (v.) 6. need (v.) 7. decide (v.) 8. study (v.)
preference (n.) comparison (n.) have a discussion of
while as
because because
although
although must
may
其它替换
9. with regard to 10. in connect with
for(关于) about
presence
2. abundance(丰富)
lack
3. accept
refuse
4. alive
dead
5. admit(承认)
deny
6. against 7. different 8. accidental
for same / alike / similar
intentional
9. always
give an explanation of put an emphasis on creativity (n.)
conduct an investigation a variety of of great importance make a contribution to
反义词（正话反说）
1. absence
17. attack
defend
18. beauty
ugliness
反义词（正话反说）
19. bad luck
读后续写和概要写作讲义 概要中词的替换
潜在的
hidden
potential
筋疲力尽的
tired
exhausted
建议
suggest
recommend
能力
ability
competence
准确的
exact
accurate
勤奋的
hardworking
diligent
困难的
difficult
challenging
变得越来越少
become less and less
be on the decrease
能够得到
sb can get sth
(sb ) have access to sth
(sth) be available to sb
大多数人
most people
the majority of people
有意义
enablesb to do sth
allow sb to do sth
make it possible for sb to do sth
使某人不能…
make sb unable to do sth
make it impossible for sb to do
不同于
be different from
能够
can
be capable of
和；以及
and
as well as
in addition to
apart from
大的
large
enormous
发生
happen
occur/come about
体现，显示
show
写作基础要点之同义替换基础50组
写作基础要点之同义替换基础50组各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢1. 写作同义替换词之基础50组2. abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people’s needs andwants)3. accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)4. always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)5. attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail(attack violently)6. avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keepaway from it)7. big=massive(large in size, quantity, orextent), colossol(use this word, you emphasizesomething is large), tremendous(INFORMAL)8. blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)9. boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)10. build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish11. cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)12. common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)13. competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)14. complain=grumble(complain something in a bad-tempered way)15. complex=intricate(if something isintricate, it often has many small parts and details)16. difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot ofefforts)17. disaster=catastrophe(acatastrop he is an unexpected event that cause great suffering anddamages)18. dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons),loathe(dislike very much)19. enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)20. enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sincere and enthusiasm)21. expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)22. fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion ordecision onsomething)23. fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation24. finally=eventually(especially after a lot of delays), ultimately(after complicated series ofevents)25. force=coerce sb into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not wantto),compel26. forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable willnever change or be changed)27. fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally orphysically)28. hard-working=assiduous(some one who is assiduous works hard or doesthings verythoroughly)29. hot=boiling(very hot)30. important=crucial(extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to beimportant)31. insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed orstupid)32. lonely=solitary(if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)33. luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)34. near=adjacent(two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)35. neglect=ignore(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention tosomething; ignore means no attention)36. opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)37. poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot beplanted on it)38. praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)39. primary=radical(very important and great in degree), fundamental40. pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain itFORMAL)41. quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)42. relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)43. respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/herFORMAL)44. ruin=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it) 45. show=demonstrate(to demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people)46. small=minuscule(very small), minute47. stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)48. surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)49. top=peak, summit50. vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)51. worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢。
高中英语概要写作课件同义可替换词汇总
Commonly used words and their synonyms
tired
weary sleepy exhausted worn out burned out lazy lifeless heavy-eyed
scared
frightened afraid fearful terrified alarmed worried anxious panicked
little
bigsaid
tiny pocket-sized minor slight slim
giant vast enormous massive abundant oversize
Commonly used words and their synonyms
fun
laughed
interesting entertaining amusing fascinating enjoyable engaging
Commonly used words and their synonyms
mad
furious irritated annoyed outraged enraged
excsiateidd
eager enthusiastic thrilled stimulated fired up anxious
Commonly used words and their synonyms
happy
glad Joyful delighted content pleasant cheerful ecstatic overjoyed thrilled
sadsaid
miserable depressed gloomy down sorrowful heartbroken
概要写作同义替换常用词
概要写作同义替换常用词1.词义替换(1)名词①担忧:worry→concern②建议:suggestion→proposal③影响:influence→impact④目标:target→goal⑤难题:problem→issue⑥机会:chance→opportunity⑦垃圾:litter→rubbish, trash ⑧发展:development→advance, progress⑨住所:house→shelter⑩困难:difficulty→obstacle, barrier, challenge人:people→individual, person, human优势:advantage→merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength老人:old people→the aged, the elderly缺陷:disadvantage→drawback, downside, weakness干旱:with no rain at all→drought方法:method→way, approach地区:district→zone, place, region, area姿势:pose→gesture冒险:adventure→expedition财富,财产:wealth→fortune, property高速公路:expressway→freeway居民:resident→citizen塞车:jam→congestion原因:reason→factor(2)动词①减轻:ease→relieve②提倡:propose→advocate③讨厌:hate→dislike, be fed up with, be boredwith④鼓励,激发:encourage→motivate, fuel⑤对……感兴趣:be interested in→be caught upin, be crazy about, be keen on, be fond of⑥阻止:prevent→stop⑦充分利用:make full use of→make themost/best of,take advantage of⑧相似:look like→resemble⑨完成:accomplish→achieve, finish⑩抵挡:stand up to→withstand, resist, oppose处理:deal with→handle采取措施:take action→take measures, take steps 加速:speed up→accelerate出发去某地:set off for→head for, leave for经历:undergo→experience降低至:fall to→decline to, decrease to, drop to 要求:request→demand, require消除:clear→eliminate, remove确保:ensure→assure, guarantee, make sure宣称:declare→claim给予:give→offer, provide, supply保持:keep→preserve, reserve, maintain导致:lead to→cause, give rise to, result in暴露:reveal→expose使:make→enable提高:improve→enhance改变:change→transform, alter与……联系:associate with→connect with建立:build→establish, set up 得到:get→acquire, obtain拥有:have→possess, own感谢:thank→appreciate表达:express→convey解决:solve→cope with, deal with, resolve帮助:help→assist, aid步行:walk→cover确信:make sure→ensure认为:think→claim, consider, believe, insist, hold 损害:damage→hurt, injure, harm, impair,endanger保护:protect→conserve, preserve致力于:be devoted to→be committed to展示:show→reveal, illustrate, present允许某人做某事:give sb. permission to dosth.→allow sb. to do sth.预订:book→reserve推迟:put off→delay转换:switch→convert, transform禁止:forbid→ban, prohibit区分:tell sth./sb. apart→distinguish由……构成:be made up of→be composed of,consist of维持:sustain→support, maintain承担责任:shoulder/undertake one's duty→beresponsible for, take responsibility增加:be on the rise→increase, multiply尽力做某事:do sth. to the best of one's ability→try one's best to do sth., spare no effort to do sth., make every effort to do sth.专心致志于:put one's heart into→be absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in(3)形容词①乏味的:boring→dull, tiresome②害怕的:afraid→frightened, scared③出名的:famous→notable, renowned④显然的:obvious→apparent, evident, clear⑤严重的:severe→serious ⑥有益的:useful→helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding⑦新的:new→fresh, brand new, novel⑧粗鲁的:rude→impolite ⑨怀疑的:doubtful→skeptical, sus picious,incredulous⑩快速的:fast→speedy最便宜的:the least expensive→the cheapest许多:many→a sea of, an ocean of, abundant, numerous, considerable巨大的:big→enormous, vast, massive,tremendous聪明的:clever→smart, gifted, sharp-minded 好的:good→fantastic, magnificent,outstanding, remarkable穷的:in poverty→poor, needy悲伤的:sad→depressed, frustrated重要的:important→significant, essential, critical, vital, crucial基本的:fundamental→basic, essential神圣的:sacred→holy充足的;富裕;富有:rich in→plentiful, ample,generous, abundant少量的:a small number of→a handful of主要的:primary→main合理的:reasonable→sensible, rational, sound 勇敢的:brave→fearless, bold, courageous开心的:happy→cheerful, delightful艰难的:difficult→tough, challenging有害的:harmful→damaging, ruinous传统的:traditional→conventional生气的:angry→annoyed, irritated最初的:initial→original疲劳的:worn→tired, exhausted(4)副词①非常:very→extremely, intensely,extraordinarily②最后:finally→eventually, ultimately③起先:firstly→originally, initially ④大约:approximately→almos t, about, around, nearly, roughly⑤肯定地:certainly→definitely, undoubtedly,obviously, apparently⑥经常,总是:frequently→constantly, always⑦立刻:right now→immediately, shortly, right away ⑧事实上:as a matter of fact→practically, in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact⑨平稳地:steadily→smoothly⑩决不,从不:never→on no account, at no time,under no circumstances偶尔,有时:now and then→at times,occasionally很少:rarely→seldom每天:day in and day out→every day缓慢地,轻微地:slightly→slowly, mildly 仅仅:only→merely完全地:totally→absolutely, completely 目前:at present→nowadays, recently急剧地:dramatically→sharply, steeply(5)其他替换①我认为:in my opinion→personally, from myperspective②关于:with regard to→as for③虽然:despite/regardless the factthat→although④同时:at the same time→meanwhile⑤同时:at the same time→in the meantime⑥因为:on account of the fact that→because⑦对比:on the other hand→by contrast, on the contrary ⑧此外:in addition→besides, furthermore, moreover2.词性转换①追求:pursue v.→pursuit n.②受伤:injure v.→injured adj.受伤的→i njury n.受伤③重要的:important adj.→be of importance n.④受欢迎:popular adj.→popularity n.⑤强调:put an emphasis on n.→emphasize v.⑥更喜欢:prefer v.→preference n.⑦讨论:have a discussion of n.→discuss v.⑧缺乏:a lack of n.→lack v.⑨比较:comparison n.→compare v.⑩倾向于:have a tendency to do n.→tend to do v.需要:have a need for n.→need v.调查:conduct an investigation n.→investigate v.决定:make a decision n.→decide v.解释:give an explanation of n.→explain v.创造性:creativity n.→creative adj.各种不同的:a variety of n.→va rious adj.评估:assess v.→assessment n.指派,布置作业:assign v.→assignment n.方便:convenience n.→convenient adj.辨别:distinguish v.→distinguished adj.突出的评估:evaluate v.→evaluation n.使烦恼:annoy v.→annoying adj.令人烦恼的→annoyance n.烦恼。
考研写作100个同义词替换精髓词汇
考研写作100个同义词替换精髓词汇1.important=crucial =significant=vital=essential=critical=fatal=concernful=necessarymon=universal=ubiquitous=general=widely3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)=sufficient4.stick=adhere=cling(hold on something tightly) =insist=persist5.neglect=ignore=overlook=elide=lose sight of sth.(difference: neglect means someone has notpaid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(two things next to each other)=adjoin(the same as adjacent) =close to7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it.)=chase=aspire8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure=dim=indistinct=fuzzy10.top=peak=summit=acmepetitor=rival=opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)=make illegal=abuse=censure=denounce=curse=imprecate13.opinion=perspective=standpoint=idea=viewpoint=point of view14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation=distinction15.build=erect=establish=found humble pie16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)=put sb. to shameplain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way) =murmur at18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)=lighten=ease=remit20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something he does not want to),compel=enforce=impel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)=expansion=amplify=broadenplex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details )=complicated=sophisticated23. lonely=solitary=lonesome=single24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment=commend26.hard-working=industry=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things verythoroughly)27.difficult=tough=bump=rub=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, andinvolves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren=infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle=vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate=illustrate=prove=indicate =discover=find(to demonstrate a fact means tomake it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent)=colossal(use this word, you emphasizesomething’s large), tremendous=giant=huge=enormous=gigantic32.avoid=shun=escape=prevent=hide from33.fair=impartial=just=equitable=detached34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)=offend35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons),loathe(dislike very much)disagreeable=disgusting=hate36.ruin=damage=break=devastate=destroy=wreck=decay=ravage37.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)38.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)39.always=invariably=often=usually= frequently40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable willnever change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)=silent=calm44.expensive=high price=can’t be affordable=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)=senseless=uninteresting=disappointed47.respect=esteem=honor48.worry=fret=apprehensive(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)=freeze50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety andhealth)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful andsensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, orhis/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves successquickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating itwith something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequently（doesn‘t happen often）100．Greedy=rapacious（greedy and selfish）1.重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative2.损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3.给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4.培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5.优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6.缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7.使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8.解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle9.认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10.保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11.确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12.有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13.要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14.消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15.导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16.因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17.增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18.降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19.保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20.急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21.平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22.宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23.发生：Happen, occur, take place24.原因：Reason, factor, cause25.发展：Development, advance, progress26.有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27.影响：Influence, impact, effect28.明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent,crystal-clear29.占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30.与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31.对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32.展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33.大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34.换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.35.事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36.波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation英语写作中高级同义词替换连词篇：（介词，副词）Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset…Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)…Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally…Too: as well (句末)也, in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also…And: plus, as well as, along with, in additi on, bonus, with…Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else…So (adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s whyBecause: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that…But:however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that…Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely…Without: excluding,Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually…Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly …形容词/副词Important: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing role, indispensable, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessary…-附加-傻句替换：I think that A is more important than B. (这是经典大傻句！以下句中的'important'可随意替换同义词）1. A is important to B.2. A plays an/a important role to B.3. A is of (great\enormous\significant\awesome) to B.4. B can not (live\developed\grow\survive\achieve) without A.5. A means (a lot\a great deal\much) to B.6. The importance of A (to B) can never be(exaggerated\denied\ignored\doubted).7. A is everything/the whole world to B.8. B is fundamental on A.9. A matters/counts to B.10. Nothing is more crucial to B than A.11. A is to B what the(foundation is to a skyscraper\water is to fish\the heart is to a human)Big: gigantic, massive, colossal, enormous, immense, gargantuan, tremendous, titanic, giant, vast, large, huge, monster, bulky,->many: numerous, myriad, infinite,->forever (adv): infinity, eternal, timeless, everlasting，undying, endless, changeless, perpetually…Small: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）Good: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent, charming, stunning, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesomeBad: awful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, e vil, immoral…Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable, intellectual, intelligent, excellent, bright, smartHappy: delightful, delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed, pleased, jubilant, merry, joyful,Beautiful: charming, charismatic, attractive, gorgeous, pretty, endearing, sweet, adorable, eye-catching, handsome, hot, cute,good-looking, lovable, engaging…Fast：swift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty, nippy, like lightning,来源：() - 英语写作中高级同义词替换_凝夏_新+hurry (v): hustle, rush, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot.Easy: simple, effortless, no trouble, painless, plain sailing, uncomplicated, undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake (informal), child’s play (informal),…Clear: obvious, apparent, blatant, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced, recognizable, transparent, intelligible, lucid, plain, understandable, uninvolved, simple, …Direct: bald, basic, frank, naked, plain, sincere, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, o utspoken….Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate, involved, knotty, perplexing, puzzling, thorny…Angry: annoyed, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad (informal), livid (informal), berserk, outraged, resentful...Dangerous: perilous, breakneck, chancy (informal), hazardous, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerable动词Think(that): hold the (opinion/ belief/ position/stand point/idea) that, assume, believe, deem, reckon, argue, maintain, suppose, conceive, insist, be convinced, to my knowledge, personally, from my personal perspective, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle, consider, conceive, perspective...Show: convey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate, substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example (reason, explanation) of, bear out, point out, point toward…Know: realize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive, recognize, see, understand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with,Get:acquire, attain, acquire, achieve, obtain, gain “学习” 不用learnSuggest: have a proposal in,Increase: magnify, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance, advance…Impress: affect, inspire, engrave on, imprint of,Influence: impact, affect, guide, sway,Stop: halt, cease, conclude, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate…Mak e: create, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture; fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require…Give: present, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supplyBreak：separate, burst, crack, destroy, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, shatter, smash, snapDestroy: ruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermine…Happen: occur, come about, come to pass, develop, result, take place, transpire名词Problem: issue, question, case, trouble, difficulty, dilemma.Meeting: conference, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention, gathering session, assignation, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy…Study: learning, application, lessons, reading, research, school work, examination, analysis, consideration, contemplation, inspection, investigation, knowledge,scholarship…Advantage: benefit, dominance, precedence, profit, superiority, merit…Disadvantage: shortcoming, weakness, inconvenience, drawback, deficiency, flaw, handicap (also v. 妨碍), downside, limitation.。
大学四级写作中的词汇运用与替换技巧
大学四级写作中的词汇运用与替换技巧在大学四级写作中，词汇运用与替换技巧是非常重要的，它将直接影响到文章的表达能力与得分。
正确地使用适当的词汇可以丰富文章的内容、提升语言的精准性，从而使文章更具说服力。
本文将介绍几种常见的词汇运用与替换技巧，帮助大家在四级写作中取得更好的成绩。
1. 同义词替换同义词替换是最基本的词汇替换技巧之一。
在写作中，我们可以将同一概念的词汇用不同的表达方式来替换，以避免过多地重复使用相同的词汇。
例如，"important"可以替换为"crucial"、"significant"、"essential"等。
2. 同源词替换同源词替换是指用同一个词根或同一个词意的不同单词来替换。
通过替换同源词，可以使文章表达更加灵活多变。
例如，"build"可以替换为"construct"、"establish"、"develop"等。
3. 强调词替换在文章中，适当地使用强调词可以使句子更具说服力和感染力。
常用的强调词有"crucial"、"essential"、"key"等。
例如，"important role"可以替换为"crucial role"。
4. 形容词与副词替换形容词和副词的替换可以使句子更加生动有力。
例如，"very good"可以替换为"excellent"、"outstanding"、"remarkable"等。
同样，"very fast"可以替换为"rapid"、"swift"、"speedy"等。
英语写作同义词替换
英语写作同义词替换英语写作同义词替换引导语：为了帮助大家提高英语写作水平，以下是店铺为大家整理的英语写作同义词替换，欢迎阅读!1、认为，断言：think, believe, argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advocate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert，personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, for my part2、许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的'，a minority of小部分的3、如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently, in recent decades4、越来越：increasing, growing5、重要，必要，肯定主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influential, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major, gist, crux关键，症结所在6、关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, attract…, raise…concern, arouse… concern, call for…concern, attach importance to, give priority to, lay emphasis/stress on7、不予重视、忽视、低估、次要：downplay, overlook, ignore, neglect, underestimate,secondary in importance8、赞成、支持：applaud, favor, advocate, in favor of, be side with, in agreement with, go for, vote, proponent支持者9、反对：oppose, protest, frown皱眉，object to, go against, disagree with, opponent反对者10、一致意见：consensus, it is universally acknowledged that…, it is generally accepted11、有争议的问题、热点问题、棘手的问题、关注的问题：a controversial issue, a heated topic,a burning problem, a thorny issue, a matter of concern, a subject of fierce debate12、归因于，源自于：ascribe to, attribute to, result from, is associated with, arise from, derivefrom, stem from, originate from (in), grow form, a source of13、因为，由于：by virtue of, in light of, due to, thanks to, owing to, because of, be responsiblefor14、导致、造成：contribute to, lead to, result in, bring about, create, give rise to, trigger, ignite, cause, generate, promote, breed, induce15、往往，表趋势：tend to, be prone to, be inclined to, havea tendency to16、可能：may, perhaps, be likely to, possibly, it is very likely that…, it is predicted that…预测17、发生，出现，产生：take place, occur, arise, bring about, create, cause, emerge, turn out,work out18、常常：often, frequently, more often than not19、偶尔：occasionally, sometimes, once in a while, on some occasions20、有…影响：exert …effects on, have an effect/ impact/ influence on21、不管，尽管：no matter…, regardless of, despite, in spite of22、塑造、培养：cultivate, develop, foster, mould, shape, build23、增强：promote, strengthen, enhance, intensify, magnify, amplify24、接触到：expose…to, have/ get access to25、能给，能使，能让：give, let, make, offer, promise, bring, provide, allow, render, ensure,equip…with, furnish…with, encourage, enable sb、to do sth、liberate/ free/ release sb、from、、26、优点、优势：pro, merit, strength, advantage, benefit, positive27、缺点、弱势：con, fault, flaw, weakness, downside, drawback, disadvantage, negative28、如果、假设：imagine that, provided that, suppose that, on condition that29、破坏、损害、有害：destroy, damage, spoil, ruin, undermine, endanger, jeopardize, impair,temper, do harm to , be detrimental to, be hazardous,30、阻碍，妨碍：hinder, hamper, block, keep…from, obstacle to, barrier to,31、构成潜在威胁/危害：pose potential threat/ danger/ riskto32、有益，有助于：be beneficial/ instrumental/ helpful/ conducive/ favorable/ optimal, facilitate33、伴随：along with, together with, be accompanied by34、关于：in terms of, with regards to, as to35、呈现，展现，描述：show, display, illustrate, exhibit, describe, depict, demonstrate, unfold,point to the fact that…36、不可否认：there is no denying that…, it is an undeniable fact that…37、毫无疑问：it is no doubt that…, admittedly38、普遍，流行，受欢迎：prevalent, prevail, enjoy/ gain popularity39、当谈到，谈及：when it comes to…,40、让我/我们想到：it occurs to me/ us that…41、目睹、见证：The 20th century witnessed/ saw that…42、明显,突出的(adj): conspicuous/ striking /prominent /eminent/ noticeable/remarkable/obvious/ apparent/ evident/ significant43、很大地，非常地(表示程度)：significantly, considerably, surprisingly, greatly, highly,hugely, largely, tremendously, enormously, overwhelmingly, remarkably, strikingly, substantially, essentially, vastly, entirely, badly,44、合理的，可行的，恰当的：reasonable, rational, sensible, appropriate, proper, sound,plausible貌似合理的，45、证明，证实： confirm, prove, justify, verify,【英语写作同义词替换】。
高中英语读后续写与概要写作 微技能四 同义改写
微技能四同义改写概要写作的评分标准之一是“对各要点表达的独立性”，即要求用自己的语言归纳和表述要点，因此，你必须在正确理解原文要点的基础上，用不同于原文的方式来表述要点。
如何用自己的语言来概括要点而不照抄原文呢？我们可以从以下几个方面入手来解决这一难题。
1．同义替换法：即用相同或相近含义的词来替换原句中的表达。
(1)Keeping silent can actually make your anger longer.→ Keeping silent may not help and can lengthen your anger.(2)I didn’t catch any fish because I was not patient.→I didn’t catch any fish owing to the fact that I was not patient.【温馨提示】更多词汇替换见P167“语料积累”。
2．运用正反法：即把肯定形式改成否定形式，否定改成肯定。
(1)You will fail.→ You will not succeed.(2)Jack didn’t pass the driving test, but he still hoped to.→ Though Jack failed to pass the driving test, he still hoped to.3．词性转换法：即改变原句中一些重要词汇的词性来表达相同的含义。
(1)Patience is very important.→Patience is of great importance.(2)The pollution makes people very anxious about their living environment.→ People show great anxiety about their living environment.4．句式变换法：即运用不同的句式来表达相同的句意。
写作同义替换词
写作常用同义替换动词替换1.Improve : promote/ advance/ enhance/ reinforcePromote the trade between A and BHe was promoted to senior manager in this company.Our understanding of human genetics has considerably advanced.The publicity has enhanced his reputation.Reinforce the interference of the authority and its ability of macroeconomic control2.Change : transform （改头换面，完全改变）The increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.3.emphasize : highlight（能引起人们的注意） / stress/ accentuate/The report highlights the decline in the number of native plants and insects. He stress the need for parents to listen to their children.The crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor.4.Develop :cultivate（培养情操） / nurture （养育，可指培养人才）Cultivate the ability of .... cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life. The sea nurtures ample marine animals.5.Break : impair/ undermine/ jeopardize/devastateImpair ability :破坏能力Undermine: 抽象意义上的破坏，有逐渐消弱之意Underm ine one’s ability / confidence/authority/position/Jeopardize:破坏的东西有一定的等级 jeopardize the process of peace Devastate :毁灭，蹂躏 the earthquake devastated the whole city.6.Keep : preserve/ conserve 保护资源 protect 用在保护具体的东西或人7.Deal with :tackle / resolveTackle the problemResolve dispute/conflict/issue/crisis / problem8.Need :requireRequires courage and confidence形容词替换1.Everywhere :widespread/prevalent / overflow / rampantPrevalent :Drug abuse is especially prevalent among teenagers.Overflow :泛滥The garden is overflow with colors of flowers.Rampant : 指有好的东西泛滥，比如疾病，犯罪等难于控制H1N1 Virus is rampant in the world.2.Good: impressive/ glorious/ amazing/ brilliant/ attractive Beneficial: the drug is beneficial to the immune system. (detrimental) Advantageous 有益的 advantageous industry 优势产业3.Harmful :unfavorable/ horrible/ disgusting/inhumaneSevere problem/ illness/ injuriesDetrimental: smoking is detrimental to your health.4.rich: wealthy/affluent/ample5.Poor:impoverished the great depression has impoverished many third world countries.Impoverished students6.serious: severe7.Obvious: manifest/ apparent/evident / patentManifest: a manifest error judge 明显判断错误Patent impossibilities8.Cheap: economical（经济的，不浪费的）/ inexpensive/名词替换1.Forefather: ancestor/ predecessor2.Difference: distinction3.Environment:circumstance （情况）/ surrounding （表示周围的居住环境，比较具体）The surrounding areas 若指环境 surroundings4.danger : hazard 化学，物理危害；隐患Polluted water is a hazard to wild life and nature safety/nature hazard 5.in modern society: in contemporary society / in present-day society / in this day and age。
概要写作微技能3：同义替换
2.词性变化
例2：It is of great importance to keep a balanced diet as well crucially important
as a healthy eating habit.
A balanced diet and a healthy eating habit are crucially important.
3.短语替换
例1：He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor (债lac权k 人(of)). money
Lack of money brought much trouble to him. 或：He was in financial difficulties.
Advertising fulfills the customers’ information demand and publicizes the brand, product position and conception.
1.词词替换
例4：In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are
2.词性变化
例1：I have a preference for a basic mobile phone though it
prefer to
ordinary cell phone
is not as advanced as a smartphone.
I prefer to use an ordinary cell phone compared to a smartphone.
1.词词替换
英语写作中的同义词替换
英语写作中的同义词替换英语写作中的同义词替换1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climbto，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to， slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to 31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36 换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.【英语写作中的同义词替换】。
新高考,概要写作-同义替换
新高考,概要写作-同义替换Summary Writing 常见的同义替换：1. 动词(词组)：absorb-assimilate 吸收agree partly-agree with reserve 有保留地赞同arouse-ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励change-alter 改变consider-take into account 考虑devote to-dedicate to 把。
奉献于；专注于emphasize-accentuate 强调expect-anticipate 期望；预期explain-interpret/illustrate 解释；说明get into chaos-with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱join-participate 参加；参与lead to-contribute to/ conduce to/result in 导致；产生。
结果limit-stress/hinder/hamper 限制阻止；阻碍operate-manipulate 操作；操纵provide-lend-offer 提供；给予publicize-propagandize 宣传；公布sway-vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆think-contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect思考；考虑；想起thrive-palmy(a.)/flourishing(v./a.)/prosperity(n.) undermine-debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭use-employ/utilize 使用；利用want-intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于want to-desire 想要2. 形容词/副词：first-primarily 首先(ad.) hardly-merely-barely 几乎不(ad.) hurt-vulnerable 受伤；易受攻击inevitable-indispensable 必然；不可缺少in fact-actually/virtually 事实上；实际上(ad.) key-crucial/vital/consequential 关键；重要large-miraculous/marvelous 大；不可思议(表程度) maybe-probably 也许；大概(ad.) more and more-increasing/growing 越来越多obvious-conspicuous 明显；显著old-ancient 老；古老proper-apposite 适当；合适persuasive-thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力true-accurate 正确；准确vague-unwarranted/oversimplified 模糊well-known-outstanding 著名more often than not = often He more often than not es here. 3. 名词(词组)：bias-prejudice/discriminate 偏见；歧视big city-metropolis 大都市chance-alternative 机会；选择character-trait/individuality/personality 品质；特性；个性child-juvenile 孩子；青少年clash-conflict/collision冲突custom-convention/tradition 传统；习俗delegate-representative 代表detail-specific 细节lawmaking-legislation 立法offspring-descendant 后代；子孙value-merit 价值附：1. purchasing power of es Maximize their es = increase the purchasing power of es2. property = real estate3. precision = accuracy4. Thinking ability = critical thinking =creative= innovation5. reasoning = logical thought =thought6. popular culture= mon culture7. cultural power= assimilating power 10. judge = Justice （必考含义）“法官” 11. apprehension （必考含义）= worry apprehensiveability 理解能力12. mind = people= individual 13. faith=confidence 信心14. drug= medicine 15.dismiss 斥责= rebuke=criticize 16. tap 开发tap the market = explore the market = expand the market 18. entail =make= cause 19. nature；nurture/ born；made /inherited；acquired/（先天和后天）innate cognitive/intuitive made/born 20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质21. plementary=auxiliary 22. suits = enable = entail （This job entails a lot of hard work.）24. mechanical = unchanged mechanical learning Dynamic=changeable=variable；vary Modify=change 25. distinction= fame 26. implication；connotation；suggestion；reference；carry important implications for（短语动词）27. accumulation = expansion = augmentation 28.literally = actually=absolutely 29. initiatives=measures Initiatives =intention Initiative =active Initiative=primitive=beginning 30.endeavors=efforts 31.Doubt= deny= don‘t believe 33. 经济下滑，衰退slowing economy/softening economy/stagnanteconomy/economic recession/economic decline /economic stagnation （stagnant）/depression/slowdown 34.symptoms =negative example 35.frames = body 36.grasp = understanding 37.reshape= remold 38.entitle :we are entitled to some privileges./Some privileges are given to us ./Some privileges are conferred on us. 4. 其他：although-albeit/notwithstanding 尽管(conj.) because-in that-since-seeing 因为(conj.) but-nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是(conj.) through-in term of/via 通过(prep.) to sum-to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后表示“地位” ：status, rank 表示“偏见” ：bias, prejudice, discrimination, inequality 表示“组成” 同义表达：constitute, be made from/of, include, consist of 表示“导致” ：result in, cause, lead to 表示“发行”：issue, release, distribute, launch 表示“授予” ：grant, award 表示“结果” ：result, consequent, e, turn out to 表示“交易” ：deal, trade, exchange, transaction 表示“能力” ：ability, capability, potential, power 表示“结束” ：fulfill, finish, plish, carryout, achieve, plete 表示“语言” ：verbally, language, words, lingual 表示“精确” ：accuracy, precision 表示“以前” ：previous, former, latter, prior to 表示“加强，促进” ：promote, facilitate,enhance, reinforce 表示“前景，未来”：prospect, future, expectation, outlook 表示“顾客” ：customer, client, consumer, guest 表示“暂停、延期” ：suspend, phase back, put off, stop, postpone, delayed 表示“信息” ：information, message, data, figure, statistics 表示“公司” ：enterprise, firm, pany, corporation 表示“故意” ：deliberately, intentionally, purposely, on/in purpose 表示“冷漠” ：indifferent, neutral, carefree, detached(超然) 表示“抱怨” ：plain, moan, groan 表示“吸引” ：appeal, attract, fascinate, tempt, absorb 表示“赶上” ：catch up with, keep up with 表示“对手” ：rival, equal, parative, petitor, opponent, adversary, enemy 表示“谨慎” ：prudent, cautious 表示“有利” ：be beneficial to, be useful to Skills: 同义替换法/词性转换法/语态改变法/句式转换法/压缩长句法分析：Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast China＇s Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan. Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east China＇s Jiangsu Province, plained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in Songbei District of Harbin. Worse still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when hequestioned the bill at the checkout. Chen＇s plaint immediately spread on China＇s social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showed that the restaurant had no fault, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again. Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished. Similar cases of fraudulent pricing at scenic spots have also been reported elsewhere in China. In October 2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp in the coastal city of Qingdao, east China＇s Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished. Your Answer: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ _________________________ 1.Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin and faced a heavy fine. __________________________________________________________________ __________. 2. Chen Yan plained he was being overcharged and were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff. Chen＇s plaint immediately spread on China＇s social media. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ _________________________. 3.The restaurant got its due punishment and relevant government departments would also be investigated and punished. __________________________________________________________________ _____________ 4.Similar cases have also been reported elsewhere and authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished._____________________________________________________________________________ Summary Writing 常见的同义替换：1. 动词(词组)：absorb-assimilate 吸收agree partly-agree with reserve 有保留地赞同arouse-ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励change-alter 改变consider-take into account 考虑devote to-dedicate to 把。
英语写作 同义词替换
从无到有开始Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleashoutset, onset,Rudimentary, elementary,出现Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, com out, come into sight/view, come forth发生Happen, occur, take place, come about,Happening occurrence产生,创造create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, b eget，germinate;Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagi ne, envision,建立Found, set, built up, construct, institute, constitute, set up, establish制造,组成Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, c ompile, concoct, fabricate生长壮大复制,繁殖58Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.发育，发展Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动)Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed（自我成长）Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;保持，延续Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retainPerpetuate,Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,存在,生存Exist，found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,individual, creature, beings,Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,Extant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal, survive，outlive，outlast, remain alive，Endure, undergo,从有到无结束，停止53stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, conclude adjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,Surcease, cessation,impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,Ultimate, final, eventual,Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,死亡,毁灭Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, fa mish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,decease, death, demise,Defunct, moribund, dying,Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.取消,废除550Cancel, annul,call off, do away with,Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullify Obsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,除去551Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, effac e，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out, Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,破坏Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate, raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,Perdition，detrimental，harmful, injurious,topple down/inclement/伤害Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wo und, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate;cut, gash, fracture, break灾祸Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,Misfortune, hapless, mishap,逐渐消亡Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, wor sen, exacerbate, corrupt,Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;decrepit ,decrepitude, dilapidate状态之改变正面能力，强，权力Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourceful Ability, capability, capacity, skill, forte，competence, facultyIntelligence, aptitude, flair, talentClever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, suprem acy, potency, strength, force, vigor;大Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge, Exaggerate, overstate, overstress, overemphasize,多,增加Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise, Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, riseAbundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, n umerous, in great numbers;sufficient, enough, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,高Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist,Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurg eHigh, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky;Height, stature, elevation, altitude有助Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to,, contribute to, function to, be of as sistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance,Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices,支持Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpin, embrace, exp onent,快216Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expediteRun, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush, Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, briskSpeed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,有效,起作用Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operati ve, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,Available, serviceable,Impact, influence,自由，解脱Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, d isentangle, untangle, extricate, unravel,中性变Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modula te, transmute, shift, transfigure,Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shiftDiversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsisten t,Changeable, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,Change, alteration, variation, modification, transition, renovation, recondition, mutatio n;修改Redress, rectify, revise, emend, renovate, innovate, recondition,负面弱Weaken, enervate, vitiate, sap, impair, emaciate, attenuate, diluteWane, sag, fade, flag, deteriorate, exacerbate, wither, blight, dry up, wilt, sere, sear, shrink, shrivel,Weak, feeble, effete, wan, frail, lacking in strength, impotent, feeble, lethargic Infirmity, weakness, decadence, decadent,减少，降低Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, sh orten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb, Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,慢Decelerate, slow, slow down, retard, hold back,Slow, sluggish,Postpone, put off, delay, defer, procrastinate, adjourn,Dilatory, tardy, slack, sluggish,平息reconcile, comfort, placate, conciliate, reassure，allay, calm, console, soothe, pacify, assuage, mitigate, palliate, salve, temper,palliation, reconciliation,禁止，限制Prohibit, proscribe, forbid, ban, restrain, interdict, overrule, veto, stop fromLimit, restrict, confine, blockade, fetter, shackle, circumscribeProhibited, forbidden, banned, illegal, outlawed, proscribed, taboo;Durance, taboo,控制, 抑制Control, wield, hold, steer, helm, maneuver, manipulate, dominate, regulate, rein in, direct, rule, govern, reign, regimentCurb, bridle, yoke, restrain inhibit smolder, suffocate，refrain from阻碍455Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,Barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, setback, hindrance, hurdle, blockade, bloc kage,morass, predicament, plight, straits, quandary,strait,预防Forestall, proselytize, preclude, prevent,干预432Interfere, intervene, intercede, meddle, annoy, vex, nettle, perturb, disturb, discomfit, molest, pester, bother, annoy, harass, intrude,Mediate,Inroad, raid, assail, assault, attack, trespass, infringe, attack, foray, intrude, encroac h,Turbulence, disturbance得到，付出付出给Give, offer, endow, endue, present, bestow, provide, supply, furnishImpart, instruct, apprise, teach, instill, inculcate,Proffer, confer, donate, contribute, subscribe, bequeath,Issue, flow out, release,支出Cost, spend, pay, pay out, expend, disburse,Prodigal, profligate, splurge, spendthrift, dissipatefrugal, scrimp, skimp, abstemious,Expenditure, subvention,归还,偿439Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium,分配Distribute, allocate, issue, hand out, apportion, allot, dispense, ration, allot, assign, designate;Distribution, dispensation ration, allotment施加impose, entail, exert, inflict, suppress, subjugate, compress ,repress, coerce，使满Suffice, satiate, satisfy, cater, sate, meet requirement, gratifySuffuse, implant, instill, infuse, fill, impregnate,放弃Relinquish, give up, disclaim, abdicate, abjure, waive, renounce, recant, wean, forsa ke, abdicate, desert, forswear, renounce, repudiate, forgo, disown, disavow, abandon Renunciation,获得得到Get, receive, Accept, attain, acquire, obtain, gain, repossess, retrieve, procure, catc h,Earn, profit, embezzle, peculate, defalcate, graft, appropriate,Obtainable, accessible, receptive,Receiver, recipient, procurement夺Deprive, take away, exact, extort, dispossess, bereave, divest, strip,Loot, ravage, ransack, sack, despoil, plunder, rapine, snatch, ,exploit, distill, Confiscate, impound, sequestrate, forfeit, expropriateExaction, depredation, spoliation,吸引Attract, appeal, fascinate, draw, charm, intrigue, enchant, tempt, allure, enchant, en thrall, rivet, fix, spellbind, intoxicate, engross, occupy, captivate, enamor,Attractive, appealing, charming, pleasing, attractiveness, fascination, charisma, person al, magnetism, attraction, fascination,包含510Contain, consist of, comprise, cover, encompass, span, contain, encompass, subsume, consist of, include, involve, embroil, implicate, ;Configuration component，需要,Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,Necessary, required, requisite, essential,Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,使使Cause to be, make, lead to, render, turn into, trigger, activate, cause,要求，请求，Request, ask, entreat, demand, petition, appeal toSolicit, invoke, plead, implore, beseech, adjure,Dictate, command, mandate, order, instruct, charge,Imperative, essential, compulsory, mandatory, urgent, obligatory,Request, requisition, petition, invocation;促使，劝说，Advise, urge, argue, advocate, persuade, sway, influence,Convince, expostulate, exhort, hortative刺激，激发，鼓励Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, inc ite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, igniteencourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,Impetuous, impulsive;Drive, motivation, incentive, inducement, impetus推动，驱动，迫使Push, drive, propel, force, oblige, propel, compel goad威逼利诱欺骗，伪装Deceive, dupe, cheat, swindle, hoodwink,Disguise,Duplicity, artifice, chicanery, deception, scheme, subterfuge, duplicity.引诱Beguile, lure, tempt, allure, entice, tantalize, coax, delude, cozen, beguile,, Guile, deceit, cunning, wile, trickeryWily威吓Threaten, menace, intimidate ,hector, frighten, bully,Threatening, menacing,Threat, menace允许,承认Allow, let, permit, licenseAllowance, license, permission, consent, sanction, authorization心理想要期望Expect, look forward to, wait for, look ahead to, suppose, anticipate, await欲望，欲求Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterpri sing;Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire意图Intend, tend to, mean, plan, be inclined to, predispose, resolve, prone to, apt to, di sposed to, attempt to, aim to, be set to, have in mind, slantIntentionally, purposely, deliberately, consciously,Intention, motive, tendency, trend, proclivity, inclination, acclivity declivity,Liable, inclined to, willingly, likely不愿意Waver, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, boggle, pause, falter,reluctant, unwilling，irresolute, indecisive, undetermined, uncertain, undecided, unsure, Reluctantly, unwillinglyReluctance, unwillingness认知感觉，察觉Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Co gnize, regard,Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention to Conscious, aware capable of feeling, sentient, percipient, cognizant, Consciousness, awareness, feeling, sense, sensation,Attention, heed, notice思考Think, consider, ponder, speculate, contemplate, reflect, muse, ponder, contemplate, muse, meditate, ruminate, chew, deliberate, take into account, take into considerati on, cross one's mind, flash across one's mind, pass through one's mind, occur to sb thoughtful, meditative, pensivethought,consideration,reflection,contemplation理解know, understand, realize, appreciate, grasp, apprehend, figure out, be informed ab out, read, make out, go one’s idea across, decipher, decode, recognize, comprehend, be acquainted with, be familiar with,忽视，忘记, 没感觉Forget, not remember, neglect, ignore, overlook, disregard, pay no attention to, tak e no notice ofCondone, excuse, and forgive, pardon, absolve, exonerate, extenuate,Oblivious, remiss, delinquent, negligent,Neglectful, forgetfulOblivion, remission, omission.Amnesia, amnesty, inattention, oversightIgnorant, unknown,unconscious, unaware, insensitive, unresponsive清楚clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clearexplicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal,clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.迷惑Confuse, puzzle, muddle, bewilder, perplex, baffle, nonplus, flummox, disconcert, con found, mix up, fluster, obscure, obfuscate, perplexQuandary, dilemma, plight, predicament,态度正面赞成,同意Approve, endorse, grant, confirm, ratify, agree with, consent, endorse, approbate, as sent, approve, accord, agree, accede, resonate,Unanimous, in full accord,Approval, agreement, concurrence, unanimity, approbation. Uniformity, consistency, e ndorsement, confirmation, ratification, sanction,allow, permit, let, consent to肯定，相信Certain, sure, ascertain,positive, confident, convinced, assured,Inevitable, certainly, surely, positively, definitely, confidently, assuredly, inevitably, un doubtedly, unquestionably, unequivocallyBelieve, trust, entrust, have faith in,fidelity, loyalty, faith, affidavit, conviction,喜欢，赞美Love, be fond of, like, favor,worship, adore,Laud, praise, commend, extol, exalt, exult, eulogize, honor, pay tribute to, hymn, paean, carol, psalm, encomium,Loath, hate, dislike, abhor, repulse, repel, abominate, detest,Heinous, odious, hateful, repellent, repulsive, repugnant obnoxious,Aversion, odium, aversion, revulsion, abhorrence,不同意，反对Disagree, dissent, reject, and disallow discord,Contradict, gainsay, say the opposite to, oppose, counter, be in opposition to, go u p against, defy, controvert, impugn,Inconsistent, contradictory, in disagreement, at oddsDisharmony, dissonanceOpposing, dissenting, opposite, contradictory, override contrariwise, oppositely; Dispute, argue,反驳Refute, rebut, retort, deny, confute, contest, disprove羞辱，贬义Embarrass, humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, mortify, demean, discomfit, degrade, under mineEmbarrassed, ashamed, unembarrassed, unabashedHumiliation, chagrin忧虑Worry about, fret over, feel anxious, uneasy about, be concerned about,fret, agony,Anxious, uneasy;Anxiety, concern, uneasiness, disquietedness, nervousnessDoubt, query, question, inquiry,Discredit, distrust, disbelieve, mistrust, suspect, be suspicious of, have doubts about Doubtful, misgiving, skeptical, dubious, incredulous,;Doubt, incertitude, questioning, skepticism, implausibility, incredibility批评，谴责Criticize, censure, condemn, denounce, attack, rail, rebuke, blame, reprove, repriman d,reproach; diatribe, reproof, reprimand分久必合，合久必分合，和同,等, 似Accord, match, equal, like, resemble, approximate,Same, unified, matching, much the same, be similar to, akin to, the same as, equiv alent, identical parallelEquivalent, congruity, concord, parallel, similarity, parallelism, tantamount, tally, Resemble, bear a resemblance to, be like, look like, simulate, take after, imitate, mi mic, copy, emulate,比较Compare, contrast, weigh against, judge against, balance, parallel Comparatively, relatively适合Suitable, fit, suited, proper, right, appropriate, apposite, apropos, opportune, fitting, apt,suitably, properly, rightly, appropriately, fittingly, aptly,相容Compatible, well-matched, well-suited, attuned, companionable, congenial, affable, a micable,Accommodate, Harbor, lodge,陪伴Accompany with, go along with, go together with, go with, come with, keep sb. Co mpany, join, escort, convoy, cling to合作,合并Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallo w up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together.Involve, embroil, include,Weld, join, solder,Merger, combination, solidarity, coalition, cohesion, conglomeration, agglomeration, c onfluence, Rapport, rapprochement, inseparable,聚集Gather, accumulate, amass, collect, pile up, heap up, compile, assemble, garner, co nvene, summon, organize, call together,swarm, throng, teem, crowdRally, confer, muster, congregate, aggregate, put together, amass, convoke, convene, collect a supply of;Collection, group, multitude, flock, herd, array, accumulation, accretion, backlog.Gregarious,联系，依靠Link, relate, connect, associate, correlate, attach, fasten, clinch, cling to, tie, adhere, affiliate, pertain, trace;Relevant, pertinent, germane,Link, bond, nexus, linkage, relationship, attachment,Rely on, trust, depend on, count on;Reliable, foolproof, dependable, independent, sovereign;trust, reliance, dependence,整体,全部，广义Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, ple naryGenerally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, m ostly, for the most part, on the whole, in generalAll over, throughout;交易，遇见，互相Trade, exchange, deal, do business, transact, interact, intertwine, swap, switch, Trade, commerce, interplay, commodity, goods, merchandise, transaction, interaction Meet, encounter, run into, run across, come across, happen to see, discover; Mutual, reciprocal, vice versa,遵守，认同Obey, comply with, act upon, follow, meet the terms, act in accordance, submit, ob serve, conform,Accordance, tractable, obedient, ductile, compliant, docile, manageable, tame,分分开，部分Divide, break up, separate, undo, seclude, sever, diversify, bifurcate, ramify, disconn ect, cede, sunder, asunder, part, partition, isolate, part, detach,Exclude, occluded, preclude, segregate, secludeDisband, dismiss, scatter, estrange, segment, cleave, rift, disintegrate, split up, fall a part, collapse,Fission, crevice, partition, detachment, secession,Section, aspect, feature, facet, respect, side, sector, division, part, segment, fragmen t, piece, portion背离Digress, deviate, diverge, astray, depart, swerve, deflect, defection, apostate, betray, divagate, secede egress,Perfidious, infidelity, disloyal, unfaithfulness, disaffected,不同Different, dissimilar, unlike, incongruous, discordant, disparate,Multifarious, motley, various varied, diversified,Diversity, shade, nuance, disparity, discrepancy, difference, variance, multiplicity,不相容，不适合Incompatible, mismatched, unsuited, discordant, inharmonious, unsuitable, improper, wrong, inappropriate, inopportune, unfitunsuitably, inappropriately,违背，对立Contravene, defend, break, breach, disobey, counter, resist, violate, defy, flout, infri nge,infraction,对立争，斗，努力Compete, via, contend, struggle, wrestle, tussle, challenge, fight against, emulate, ri val, conflict, contest, strife, confront, face up to,Strive, make an effort, endeavor to, try to do, attempt to do, struggle;Effort, attemptantagonistic, hostile, friction躲避Avoid, escape, keep away from, stay away from, shun, wince, flee, run away, flight, parry, evade, dodge, sidestep, elude, shirk,成Win, succeed, triumph, prevail, outstrip, outwit, transcend, exceed, surmount, overco me surpass,Fulfill, complete, accomplish, finish, achieve, reach, approach, realize, soar, Subdue, suppress, override, overrule, subvert, topple,Consummation, achievement, feat, attainment, accomplishment.Accessible, reachable, attainable, obtainable, approachable,败Fail, be unsuccessful, be abortive, flunk, founder, bungle, sink, be fruitless, bungle, blunder, bumble, muffFailure, abortion, crashstranded,处理对付,处置Deal with, cope with, and dispose, handle, manage, process,Disposition选择Choose, select, favor, prefer, pick,传递Transmit, pass, hand on, transcribe, transfer, move, convert, convey, send, ferry, tr ansport,Impart, inculcate, instruct, teach, inform, apprise, pass ontransfusion,采用，利用Make use of, use, employ, utilize, exploit, consume, harness, assume, take on手段，工具By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools, contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy,artifice, chicanery, scheme, plan, project, program行为，Act, perform, behave, work, serve as, operate, run, function to, conduct;Be engaged in, carry on, indulge in, participate, endeavor to, take part in, devote t o, dedicate to,Behavior, demeanor, conduct, action, performance,信息处理表达说,表达say, tell, talk, speak, utter, express, voice, state, articulate, pronounce, emote, Declare, pronounce, claim, announce, address, intimateEquivocate, prevaricate, prattle, stammer,chat, discuss, converse, bargain, negotiate,talk, chat, discussion, debate, conversation, colloquy提出Suggest, propose, present, put forward, recommend, advocate, advise, posit, aver, a llege, postulate, propound, tender,Hint, imply, insinuate, allude,描述Describe, depict, illustrate, limn, recount, portray, represent, define, characterize, deli neate, sketch out,;description, version解释,说明Explain, interpret, explicate, detail, clarify, make clear, construe, misconstrue, elucida te, shed light on, decipher,, expound, disabuse, explain in detail, account for; Exposition, exhibition, connotation, exegesis, gloss annotate,表明Show, demonstrate, evince, indicate, display, exhibit,获取信息观察,探求observe, view, see, spot, watch, notice, make out, perceive, bring attention to, be a ware of,distinguish, discern, detect, scrutinize, monitor, study, sight, inquire, probe, search, explore,Search, grope, probe, plumb, fathom, research,quest;调查，检查Inspect, examine, scan, study, check, investigate, censor, peruse, look into, look ove r, scrutinize, survey,Inspection, examination, census, censor, investigation, scrutiny, survey, inquiry, cens us, poll纪录，记载Record, register, document ,write down, take down, put down, note down, detail, k eep details,逻辑分析证明Analyze, consider, infer, extrapolate, prove, justify, confirm, verify, validate, testify, a ttest, authenticate, substantiate, give evidence, corroborate假设Presume, assume, suppose, imagine, premise, surmise,推断Induce, infer, deduce, reason, derive from, ratiocinate, conclude,因果result from, result in, according to, attribute to, ascribe to, credit to, account for, d erive from, arise from,proof, evidence, inference, conclusion,convince,cogent, sound, logical, rational,真，正确True, right, correct, proper, real, actual, genuine, veritable, veracious, authentic truly, really, actually, in fact, authentically, realistically, pragmatically;genuinely veraciously，faultless, impeccable, in the right wayTruth, canon, criterion, norm, axiom, veracity. Rationale, truism, maxim,correct, revise, rectify假,错False, wrong, incorrect, fallacious mistaken, erroneous, unreal, errant, faulty Fake, sham, phony, pretended, simulated, pseudoMistakenly, erroneously;Mistake, error, fault, fallacy, misconception, illusion;take A as B, confuse A with B, mistake A for B, erroneously identify A as B, falsify, 发现, 揭示Discover, find out, learn, reveal, disclose, unveil, expose, divulge, make known, deb unk, declassify, decode, decipher, translate, make out, revelation,其它强调的，Absolutely, incontrovertible, indispensable，indisputable, inalienable, indubitable, incont estable, irrefutable, incontrovertible;重要的Consequential, imponderable, paramount, substantial, major, significant, important, le ading, major, dominant, predominant, prevailing, key, pivotal, decisive, critical, crucia l, basic, fundamental, radical, essential, primary, integral, inherent, indispensable, ne cessary优缺点Advantage, benefit, advantageous, valuable, precious, positive, positive aspect, helpf ul, asset, valuable quality.Disadvantage, drawback, weakness, shortcoming, downside, negative aspect, unfavor able feature.明显的，突出的，优秀的，杰出的Obvious, apparent, evident, conspicuous visible, noteworthy, noticeable, notable, man ifest, outstanding, remarkable, salient, prominent, eminent, distinguished, striking, ex traordinary, excellent, monumental, phenomenal,主要mainly, chiefly, principally, predominatly, basically, fundamentally, primarily, inherentl y,。
概要写作微技能训练之转换表达方式
一篇好的概要所具备的语言表达特点：
1.使用抽象名词 2.使用非谓语动词结构 3.使用with结构 4.使用名词、动词短语的并列结构 5.使用同位语结构 6.使用从句或其他特殊句型 7.使用高级的词汇 8.使用恰当的连接副词
用单词替换短语名词性短语代替从句非谓语动词结构with结构同位语结构等somepeoplecalledshopaholicswhocan?tcontrolspendmoneybuythings
概要写作微技能训练 ---转换表达方式
Summary writing skills
1. 同义替换（近义词、反义词、词性转换等） 2. 句式转换法（改变主语、运用非谓语动词短语、with结构、 运用同位语等） 3. 压缩长句法（笼统代替具体、运用并列结构等）
1. 同义替换法——改变词性
eg.
Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they are being stared at.
Baker's conclusion is that people are not capable of feeling other's observation.
Your skin will be burnt if you are exposed to the sun too long. Long exposure to the sun will harm your skin.
There are many people who are shy. Shyness is common.