2006年10月《英语阅读二》试卷答案
医学英语阅读二分册翻译及答案-参考
医学英语阅读二分册翻译及答案-参考对人体的简要概述使我们对两个被认为是医学基础的不同学科有了初步认识，这两个学科就是解剖学与生理学。
然而不把病理学包括进去，这种概述是不完整的，因为病理学是研究疾病引起的结构和功能变化的学科。
实际上，现代对疾病的研究方法强调病理学与生理学的密切关系，并强调在治疗任何人体疾病时了解病理学与生理学基础的必要性。
The brief survey of the human body in Chapter One has g iven us a glimpse into two different studies that are consi dered the fundamentals of medical sciences, namely anatomy and physiology. However, the picture is not complete withou t considering pathology, the science that deals with the st ructural and functional changes produced by the disease. In fact, the modern approach to the study of disorder emphasi zes the close relationship of the pathological and physiolo gical aspects and the need to understand the fundamentals o f each in treating any body diseases.那么什么是疾病呢？它可以被定义为正常机能或者部分机能遭受损害时的一种状态。
每一种生物，无论植物还是动物，都会生病。
例如，人类常常被微小的细菌感染，但是细菌又转而可能被更加微小的病毒感染。
2006年10月全国自考英语二真题及答案
2006年10月全国自考英语二真题及答案一、单选题（共10题，共40分）1.The fixed star was a planet.（）A. made ofB.made fromC.made up forD.mistaken forSome students from asking questions in class.（）A.shy awayB.blow awayC.do awayD. carry awayMrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.A.trustB.creditC.convinceD. believeLet ’s personal feelings in making jud gment.（）A. set offB. set asideC. set backD.set upA good worker in a key spot copd, he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses wopd very likely look the other way.A.as long asB.as thoughC. as soon asD.as if6.the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.A.ThoughB. ForC.SinceD.SoDecision makers must have some way of determining of several alternatives is best.（）A. thatB.itC.oneD. which8.In August 1977, a satellite to gather data about the 10 million black holes which are thought to be in the Milky Way.A. launchedB. was launchedC.has been launchedD.is launchedIn studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band copd produce .A.liveB. aliveC.livelyD.livingIt is essential that everything in advance.（）A.shopd decideB.be decidedC.decidedD.will be decided二、填空题（共10题，共40分）11.Do not let this __(say) of you. It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job.12.The theory of black holes in space__ (accept) by many serious scientists and astronomers.13.If you had been in better health, we___ (allow) you to join them in the work.14.Although they agree that life is important and shopd be respected, they feel that the quality of life shopd not__(ignore).15.I wopd rather you__ (come) tomorrow.16.One hundred miles ____(be) too far to travel on foot.17.Robots, ___(become) increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.18.Every boy and girl ___(treat) in the same way.19.He took his umbrella with him lest it ____(rain).20.Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research___ (do) in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmfp biological effects.三、问答题（共5题，共20分）21.他孤注一掷用自己的积蓄开了一家小商店。
西南大学《英语阅读二》复习思考题及答案
（（0065）《英语阅读二》复习思考题I Sentence comprehension1. My discovery of Tillie Olsen was a gift from a friend; years ago she gave me her copy of Tell Me a Riddle because she liked the stories and wanted to share the experience.What do we know about Tillie Olsen?A. She is a friend.B. She likes stories.C. She gives gifts.D. She is an author.2. What is most obvious in this book are all those details of daily living that make Mrs. Richards anything but common.According to this statement, what kind of person is Mrs. Richards?A. She is very obvious.B. She is an unusual person.C. She is anything she wants to be.D. She is quite ordinary.3. The Green Tiger Press believes that the relatively unknown works of great children‘s illustrators are sources of vast beauty and power, and is attempting to make these treasures more easily available.What is the goal of this printing company?A. to publish more children‘s booksB. to develop powerful storiesC. to make children‘s illustrations more e asily availableD. to encourage artists to become children‘s illustrators4. Any thought that this new custom will remain unchanged--or in Europe will remain uniquely English--is ridiculous.What does the author believe about the new custom?A. It will remain limited.B. The custom will change.C. Acceptance of the custom is ridiculous.D. The custom will remain in Europe.5. The student revolt is not only a thorn in the side of the president‘s newly established government, but it has international implications as well.Whom or what does this revolt affect?A. the studentsB. the side of the president‘s bodyC. only the national governmentD. national and international affairs6.The medical journal reported that heart attack victims who recover are approximately five times as likely to die within the next five years as those people without a history of heart disease.What did this article say about people who have had a heart attack?A. They are more likely to die in the near future than others.B. They will die in five years.C. They are less likely to die than people without a history of heart disease.D. They are likely to recover.7.Young people need to develop the values, attitude, and problem-solving skills essential to their participation in a political system that was designed, and is still based, on the assumption that all citizens would be so prepared.What is a basic assumption of this political system?A. All people will be capable of participation.B. All people participate in the system.C. All people should have the same values and attitudes.D. Most people cannot develop the skills to participate in the system.8. While we may be interested in the possibilities of social harmony and individual fulfillment to be achieved through nontraditional education, one cannot help being cautious about accepting any sort of one-sided educational program as a cure for the world‘s ills.How does the author feel about nontraditional education?A. He believes that it has no possibility of success.B. He doubts that it can cure the world‘s ills.C. He feels that it is a cure for the world‘s ills.D. He believes it will bring social harmony.9. The complexity of the human situation and the injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.What is necessary to correct the problems of society?A. basic changes in its structureB. fewer political speechesC. honest politiciansD. basic changes in political methods10. Since industry and commerce are the largest users of electrical energy, using less electricity would mean a reduced industrial capacity and fewer jobs in the affected industries and therefore an unfavorable change in our economic structure. According to this sentence, decreasing the use of electricityA. Must begin immediately.B. Isn‘t important.C. Will cause difficulties.D. Won‘t affect industry.11.The student revolt is not only a thorn in the side of the president‘s newly established government, but it has international implications as well.Whom or what does this revolt affect?A. the studentsB. the side of the president‘s bodyC. only the national governmentD. national and international affairs12.Just before his birthday John received a horse from his father; this was the first of a series of expensive gifts intended to create the impression of a loving parent.Why did John receive the horse?A. because he was tenB. because his father loved himC. because his father wanted to seem lovingD. because his father wouldn‘t be able to give him expensive gifts in the future13.Heavy smokers and drinkers run a fifteen-times greater risk of developing cancer of the mouth and throat than nonsmokers and nondrinkers.Which of the following sentences best reflects the meaning of the above one?A. Cancer of the mouth and throat is more likely to occur in heavy smokers and drinkers than in nonsmokers and nondrinkers.B. People who never drink and smoke will not get mouth or throat cancer.C. Heavy drinkers who run have a greater risk of developing cancer than nondrinkers.D. People would probably be healthier if they did not drink and smoke too much.14.This is not just a sad-but-true story; the boy‘s experience is horrible and damaging, yet a sense of love shines through every word.How does the author of this sentence feel about the story?A. It transmits a sense of love.B. It is not true.C. It is just sad.D. It is horrible and damaging.15.The financial si tuation isn‘t bad yet, but we believe that we have some vital information and, if it is correct, unemployment will soon become a serious problem.What do we know about the financial situation?A. It won‘t change.B. It is not bad now.C. It will become a serious problem.D. It will improve.16. The general then added, ―The only reasonable solution to the sort of problems caused by the current unstable political situation is one of diplomacy and economic measures and not the use of military force.‖What type of solution does the general support?A. economic and diplomatic actionB. diplomatic and economic action if military force failsC. only diplomatic actionD. military actions in response to political problems17. Because the supply of natural gas was plentiful in comparison to other choices like coal and fuel oil, and because it burns cleaner, many people changed their eating systems to natural gas, thereby creating shortages.Why did people prefer gas?A. It was natural.B. There were no other choices.C. The other fuels were dirtier and less plentiful.D. There is, even today, a plentiful supply of it.18. Few phenomena in history are more puzzling than this one: that men and women with goals so vague, with knowledge so uncertain, with hopes so foggy, still would have risked dangers so certain and tasks so great.What historical fact is puzzling?A. that people had such vague goalsB. that people took such great risksC. that people had foggy hopes and uncertain knowledgeD. that people completed such great tasks19. Alexis, ruler of a city where politics was a fine art, concealed his fears, received the noblemen with extravagant ceremonies, impressed them with his riches, praised them, entertained them, bribed them, made them promise he had no intention of keeping—and thus succeed in keeping their troops outside his city walls.Why did Alexis give money and attention to the noblemen?A. because they praised himB. in order to prevent their armies from entering the cityC. in order to impress them with his richesD. because they were his friendsII Reading comprehensionPassage 1Joe Templer should have known better. After all, he works for a large auto-insurance company. It won‘t hurt to leave the key in the truck this once, he thought, as he fille d his gas tank at a self-service gas station. But moments later, as he was paying the money, he saw the truck being driven away.In 1987, 1.6 million motor vehicles were stolen in the United States? One every 20 seconds. If current trends continue, experts predict annual vehicle thefts could exceed two million by the end of the decade.Vehicle theft is a common phenomenon, which has a direct impact on over four million victims a year. The cost is astonishing.Many police officials blame professional thieves for the high volume of the thefts. It is amajor money-maker for organized crime. Typically, stolen cars are taken to pieces and the parts sold to individuals. But as many as 200000 cars are smuggled out of the country every year. Most go to Latin America, the Middle East and Europe.Only about 15 percent car thefts result in an arrest, because few police departments routinely conduct in depth auto-investigations. When thieves are arrested, judges will often sentence them to probation, not immediately put them in prison because the prisons are overcrowded with violent criminals.One exception is a Michigan program that assigns 92 police officers to work full-time on the state‘s 65000 car theft cases a year. Since 1986, when the effort began,the state‘s auto-theft rate has fallen from second in the nation to ninth.How can you protect your car? If you live in a high-theft area or drive an expensive model, consider a security system. It may cost anywhere from $25 to$1,000. Some systems engage automatically? Simply removing the key disables the fuel pump and the starter. When cars are equipped with such systems, thefts may drop by one-third. In some states, you may be able to use a device that transmits radio signals, allowing stolen cars to be tracked by police.1. What does the author think Joe Templer should be blamed for?A. He should have equipped his car with a security system.B. He should not have his car refilled at the gas station.C. He should not have been so sure of himself.D. He should have shut down the engine of his car.2. What is NOT a reason for the increase of car theft as mentioned in the passage?A. Police don‘t give enough attention to car theft cases.B. More people park their cars and left the keys inside.C. Measures and laws against car thieves are not effective enough.D. Car theft brings car thieves much money.3. It is obvious that the Michigan program _____ .A. has no effect on the overall picture of the whole state.B. involves much work but proves to be quite effective.C. involves the construction of larger prisonsD. involves the development of a new security system4. What type(s) of security system can help the police find a stole car back?A. The device that sends out radio signalsB. The device that disables the fuel pump.C. The device that disables the starter.D. All of the above.Passage 2After a three-year survey of the social and behavioral sciences, a committee of the NRC has concluded that these sciences are losing out in the race for federal science funds. Between 1972 and 1978, federal support for the social and behavioral sciences fell 25 percent, while support for other areas of science rose 36 percent.Psychological, social and cultural studies pertaining to virtually everything that people treat as a problem in our civilization, the committee writes, play a large role. Paradoxically, one would think these would be times when social science research would be riding high. Yet eve though governments are more that alarmed about a variety of social problems, they are inclined to deal with them by trial and (often) error. The abuse of drugs is a widespread concern, but governments seem to with the qualifications of teachers and their salaries.If we lack an adequate understanding of drug abuse and educational processes, are we flying blind attempting to deal with these behaviors? What domains of your life could benefit from social and behavioral science research? For instance, are we concerned about crime? Consider that recent sociological research reveals that nearly half of all urban-dwelling American males can expect to be arrested for some non-traffic offense during their lives. However, a very small group of career predators are responsible for a grossly disproportionate share of all crimes committed. What does this insight suggest to you about American criminal Justice and prison policies. Sociological work also shows that most criminals halt their careers by age 25 to 30. Does this finding have policy implication? If a 29-year-old-burglar whose criminal career is nearly over is imprisoned for ten years, may many years of that imprisonment be wasted on expensive and unnecessary confinement?5. According to the author, social and behavioral sciences are losing federal financial support chiefly because some people _____ .A. don‘t see the seriousness of the present situationB. don‘t quite see the use for these sciencesC. only consider natural sciences as true sciencesD. are unable to solve social problems with them6. In the second paragraph, the author gives two examples of social problems to show that _____ .A. social problems are on the rise currentlyB. the government does not try hard to solve such problemsC. some attacks on such problems are often blindD. such problems often go unsolved7. In the third paragraph, the author uses some findings to illustrate _____ .A. some achievements made in social and behavioral sciencesB. the demand for social and behavioral studiesC. the current trend in the increase of crimesD. the inefficiency of criminal justice and prison policies8. In the last sentence of the passage, the word confinement is closest in meaning to the word_____ .A. fundsB. solutionC. researchD. imprisonmentPassage 3Writing to learn makes it possible to show learning in writing. Much of the writing you will do in college and at work will ask you to demonstrate what you have learned. The success of that demonstration will depend on, among other things, revising your writing to show your knowledge to best advantage. When you have begun to see what you want to say (frequently this becomes clear at the very end of a first draft), it is time to start thinking about how to present your ideas to others. It is time to start thinking about revising.Revising can be described as the most important (and frequently most neglecteD. part of writing. Novelists Doris Lessing has said that many novels miss greatness because authors are unwilling or unable to revise them. James Michener explains the importance of revision this way: I have never thought of myself as a good writer. Anyone who wants reassurance of that should read one of my first drafts. But I‘m one of the world‘s great revisers.Revising takes many forms. It means thinking about the audience for your writing. Who will read your work and why? It also means developing an overall plan for the writing that will make your ideas clear. Often the organization of a first draft will reflect your process of discovery, but that may not be the best way to present your ideas to someone else. Revising also gives attention to the style of language, to the structure of a paragraph, and to the shape of sentences and other forms that show learning to its best advantage.Writing to learn and writing to show learning are never, of course, entirely separate processes. Writers frequently consider issues of demonstrating learning while writing to learn, and writing to show learning often leads to new understandings. In drafting, for example, you may start thinking about what an audience will need to know in order to understand your point and change a word or a phrase to make your meaning clearer. But understanding the differences between writing to learn and writing to show learning is central to seeing writing as a process.9. The author thinks that revising starts when _____ .A. you want to show what you knowB. you think about your audienceC. you have discovered your ideaD. you have developed an overall writing plan10. The chief purpose in revising your writing is for you to _____ .A. learn in the course of writingB. add new ideas to your writingC. show your learning to its best advantageD. use an appropriate style of language11. What Doris Lessing said helps to support the idea that _____ .A. he is one of the wo rld‘s great revisersB. he is not a good writerC. revising is very importantD. many writers are unwilling to revise their works12. The passage is mainly about _____ .A. the importance of revisingB. the importance of writingC. how to compose good writingD. how to revise your writingPassage 4That an ecological crisis confronts humankind is now so central to our thinking that the notion that human beings adapt to their natural environment seems obvious. But ecological interpretations of world history are surprisingly recent. Sociologists, in attempting to classify societies, have looked increasingly to a people‘s relationship with their natural environment and, provide food, clothing, and shelter. Human beings meet these needs in a wide variety of environments, including deserts, rain forests, grasslands, and so on. Such environments are part of ecosystem, a complex web of interdependencies among organisms, communities of organisms, and the natural habitat. Some societal variation derives from the different demands made by different ecosystems. Customs and ways of life that would be adaptive in one ecosystem would be maladaptive in another.We confront a habitat and evolve a mode of existence not so much as lone individuals, but cooperatively as larger social units. Social organization and technology are our chief adaptive mechanisms. Social organization develops, as we create stable, ordered relationships and become infused with common cultural traits. Much depends on whether or not our values, norms, beliefs and institutions favor or foreclose new avenues of adaptation. Likewise, technology—the application of knowledge for practical weds—allows us to harness and change aspects of our environment. In its broadest sense, technology entails the practical arts and skills of human society. As technology has become more advanced, we have gained access to greater amounts of non-human energy (animal, water, fossil fuel, solar, and so on). In turn, new sources of energy have allowed our cultures to expand and change. Other changes follow as well.13. The author points out that differences in people‘s ways of life come from _____ .A. their cultural traditionsB. their adaptations to the environmentC. their demands for natural resourcesD. their notions about the environment14. Different ways of life exist among different peoples because of _____ .A. their adaptive valueB. their distinctive valueC. lack of better technologyD. mutual isolation15. Social organizations and technology develop as a result o f people‘s _____ .A. adaptation to the environmentB. attempt to change natureC. efforts to create peaceful societiesD. desire to create bigger societies16. The ultimate goal in developing technology is for people to _____ .A. get practical skills and artsB. obtain greater amounts of energyC. effect social changesD. create new culturesPassage 5The subject of my study is women who are initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior.The pattern I life style represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern II and III. Families in pattern I work and travel in extended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority. Families are large eight or none children are not unusual and all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration. Families in pattern II manifest some differences in behavior while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pattern II families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families.The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern III, the women in particular create new roles for themselves for which no local models exist. They no only work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other patterns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities.Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing values. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the areabecause they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at first, because the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family‘s distress was over. These w omen enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have considered before.17. Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage?A. A Survey of Three Mexican-American Families at Work in Texas.B. Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity.C. Changes in the Life-styles of Migrant Mexican-American Families.D. Farming of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers.18. All of the following statements about pattern II children express differences EXCEPT _____ .A. they migrate for part of each yearB. they spend less time contributing to family incomeC. they spend more months on schoolD. their parents sometimes work at jobs other than farming19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of women in pattern III families?A. They earn a reliable and comparatively high income.B. They continue to work solely to meet the urgent needs of their family.C. They enjoy the fellowship involved in working with other womenD. They serve as models of behavior for others in the region.20. The author‘s attitude towards the three patterns of behavior mentioned in the passage is best described as one of _____ .A. great admirationB. unbiased objectivityC. dissatisfactionD. indifferencePassage 6If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered as an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human resource management can be seen in the corporation hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second incommand. The post of head of human resource managements is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO).By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm‘s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skill of their employees than do the Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany(as they do),the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United Stated. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can‘t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.21. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?A. They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.B. They see the gaining of skills as their employees own business.C. They attach more importance to workers than to equipment.D. They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.22. What is the position of the head of human resource management in an American firm?A. He is one of the most important executives in the firm.B. His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced.C. He is directly under the chief financial executive.D. He has no authority in making important decisions in the firm.23. The money most American firms spend in training mainly goes to----.A. workers who can operate new equipmentB. technological and managerial staffC. workers who lack basic background skillsD. top executives.24. What is the main idea of the passage?A. American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human resource management.B. Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management.C. The head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firm‘s hierarchy.D. The human resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity.Passage 7Internet is a vast network of computers that connects many of the world‘s businesses, institutions, and individuals. The Internet, which means interconnected network of networks, links tens of thousands of smaller computer networks. These networks transmit huge amounts of information in the form of words, images, and sounds.The Internet was information on virtually every topic. Network users can search through sources ranging from vast databases to small electronic ―bulletin boards ,‖where users form discussion groups around common interests. Much of the Internet‘s traffic consists of messages sent from one computer user to another. These messages are called electronic mail or email. Internet users have electronic addresses that allow them to send and receive email. Other uses of the network include obtaining news, joining electronic debates, and playing electronic games. One feature of the Internet, known as the World Wide Web, provides graphics, audio, and video to enhance the information in its documents. These documents cover a vast number of topics.People usually access the Internet with a device called a modem. Modems connect computers to the network through telephone lines. Much of the Internet operates through worldwide telephone networks of fiber-optic cables. These cables contain hair-thin strands of glass that carry data as pulses of light. They can transmit thousands of times more data than local phone lines, most of which consist of copper wires.The history of the Internet began in the 1960s.At that time, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA. of the United States Department of Defense developed a network of computers called ARPA net. Originally, ARPA net connected only military and government computer systems. Its purpose was to make these systems secure in the event of a disaster or was. Soon after the creation of ARPA net, universities and other institutions developed their own computer networks. These networks eventually were merged with ARPA net to form the Internet. By the 1990s,anyone with a computer, modem, and Internet software could link up to the Internet.In the future, the Internet will probably grow more sophisticated as computer technology becomes more powerful. Many experts believe the Internet may become part of a larger network called the information superhighway. This network, still under development, would link computers with telephone companies, cable television stations, and other communication systems. People could bank, shop, watch TV, and perform many other activities through the network.25 .This passage is about the------of the Internet.A future.B general introductionC use.D history.26 .Which of the following statements about the Internet is true?A. ARPA was the first net used by American universities and institutions.B. The history of the Internet can be traced back to fifty years ago.C. The purpose of the Internet is to protect the world in the event of war.D. ARPA net formed the foundation of the Internet nowadays...。
2006年10月全国英语阅读(二)试题及答案
全国2006年10月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(二)试题课程代码：00596Ⅰ.Reading Comprehension.(50 points,2points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five passages. After each passage, there are five questions followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and then write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.Passage OnePlants and animals that have been studied carefully seem to have built-in clocks．These biological clocks，as they are called，usually are not quite exact in measuring time．However，they work pretty well because they are“ reset ”each day，when the sun comes up．Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find directions from the sun? We can keep pigeons in a room lit only by lamps．And we can program the lighting to produce artificial “days”，different from the day outside．After a while we have shifted their clocks．Now we take them far away from home and let them go on a sunny day．Most of them start out as if they know just which way to go，but choose a wrong direction．They have picked a direction that would be correct for the position of the sun and the time of day according to their shifted clocks．It is known and experimented that homing pigeons can tell directions by the sun．But what happens when the sky is darkly overcast by clouds and no one can see where the sun is? Then the pigeons still find their way home．The same experiment has been repeated many times on sunny days and the result was always the same．But on very overcast days clock-shifted pigeons are just as good as normal pigeons in starting out in the right directions．So it seems that pigeons also have some extra sense of direction to use when they cannot see the sun．Naturally，people have wondered whether pigeons might have a built-in compass－something that would tell them about the directions of the earth’s magnetic field．One way to test that idea would be to see if a pigeon’s sense of direction can be fooled by a magnet attached to its back．With a strong magnet close by，a compass can no longer tell direction．To test the idea，a group of ten pigeons had strong little magnet bars attached to their backs．Another group carried brass bars instead which were not magnetic．In a number of experiments，both groups were taken away from home and let go．On sunny days none of the magnet-pigeons was fooled．They were just as good as the brass-pigeons in starting out in the right direction toward home．On cloudy，overcast days，however，with no sun the brass-pigeons chose the right direction，but the magnet-pigeons were in trouble．They later started out in different directions and acted completely lost．Questions 1-5 are based on Passage One．11．Which of the following can best describe the organization of the passage?A．Questions are raised first and then experiments to answer them are cited．B．opinions are given first and then evidences against them ore quoted．C．Statements come first and examples supporting them follow．D．People’s long held belief s are cited first and exceptions come after．2．What can be inferred from the passage about biological clocks?A．They are used by all plants and animals to tell time．B．Pigeons’biological clocks are regulated every day with the sunrise．C．The built-in biological clocks cannot be changed．D．They gradually developed as pigeons grow mature．3．How can people shift pigeons’ biological clocks?A．By training them when they are young．B．By minor and harmless operations．C．By taking them really far away from home．D．By keeping them in artificial days．4．Whic h is true about pigeons’ finding directions?A．With a brass on back they can find directions sooner．B．They can find directions better than other birds．C．They use the earth’s magnetic field and the sun to find directions．D．They can find directions only to their home．5．What does the author want to say by citing the last experiment?A．On heavily cloudy days，pigeons that are not well trained do not fly.B．Pigeons use different sources to find directions on different weather.C．Magnetic field is an important source in helping pigeons to find directions.D．The little magnet bars make it easier for pigeons to find directions．Passage TwoIn some ways,yes—but the differences matter more．Just as human history has been shaped by the rise and fall of successive empires，the computer industry has, in the few decades of its existence，been dominated by one large company after another．During the mainframe era，IBM wore the crown．But it fumbled the transition to smaller machines in the personal-computer era，and the throne was usurped by Microsoft．Now，at the dawn of the new era of Internet services，Google is widely seen as the heir to the kingdom．As the upstart has matured into a powerful industry giant，the suggestion2that “Google is the new Microsoft”has become commonplace in computing circles．Is it true?The comparison is both a compliment and a reproach．It is a compliment because it implies that Google has now become the company that defines the environment in which other technology firms operate，just as IBM and Microsoft once did．As with Microsoft in its heyday，Google is the technology firm where the smartest geeks aspire to work；it embodies the technological zeitgeist；and it is a highly regarded company that has become a household name．But the comparison is also a reproach，because it highlights growing concern that Google is now too powerful for its own good，or that of the industry，or indeed that of the world at large．For many people，Google provides the front door to the Internet．For many online businesses,their position in its search ranking—the workings of which are a closely guarded secret—is a matter of life or death．Too much power is thus concentrated in Goo gle’s hands，say critics，including Microsoft’s Bi ll Gates．Microsoft and other big Internet firms，including eBay，Amazon and Yahoo，are now said to be negotiating various alliances in order to provide a counterweight to the new behemoth．Smaller firms feel even more vulnerable．As soon as Google says it is moving into a particular market，small fry in that market now dart for cover，unless they are lucky enough to be acquired by Google．Yet there are some crucial ways in which Google differs from Microsoft．For a start，it is a far more innovative company，and its use of small，flexible teams has so far allowed it to remain innovative even as it has grown．Microsoft，in contrast，has stagnated as a result of its size and dominance．It is least innovative in the markets in which it faces the least competition—operating systems，office software and web browsers—though it is，curiously，still capable of innovating in markets in which it has strong rivals(notably video gaming)．Try to avoid using Microsoft software for a day，particularly if you work in an office，and you will have difficulty；but surviving a day without Google is relatively easy．It has strong competitors in all the markets in which it operates：search，online advertising，mapping，software services，and so on．Large firms such as Yahoo，which previously farmed searches out to Google，have switched to other technologies．Goo gle’s market share in search has fallen from a high of around 80％to around 50％today．Perhaps the clearest evidence that Googl e’s continued dominance is not inevitable is the fate of Alta Vista，the former top dog in Internet search．Who remembers it today?Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two．6．The comparison made among IBM，Microsoft and Google suggests that_____.A．IBM is no longer an important firm in the computer industryB．Microsoft has always been dominant in the computer industryC．Google is gaining a dominant position in computing technologyD．it is not valid to make a comparison between the three firms7．Which of the following is NOT true about Google?3A．Google is widely known only in computing circles．B．Google is being criticized for being too powerful．C．Google is of vital importance to online businesses．D．Google is likely to eplace Microsoft in computer industry．8．Compared with Microsoft, ogle is said to be more_____.A．stagnate in technology B．inflexible in structureC．ambitious in development D．innovative in market9．Microsoft is facing challenges in_____.A．operating system B．office softwareC．web browsers D．video gaming10．Which is used as an example to predict the likely future of Goo gle’s Internet earch?A．Alta Vista．B．Yahoo．C．eBay．D．Amazon．Passage ThreeIt is such an odd relationship between people and pandas．We are so fond of them that when the Chinese government lent a pair to the San Diego Zoo for six months，the number of visitors increased sharply，and the zoo sold over half a million panda T-shirts．When a Panda was born in Tokyo Zoo in 1986，thousands of people phoned daily to hear a recording of the baby’s c ry．Although the reason we love pandas is not easy to explain，animal scientists offer some plausible theories．They suggest that parenting instincts are aroused by the common characteristics of babies：round faces and small jaws．Pandas，even in adulthood，display all of these interesting features．Until recently，however，it seemed nearly certain that this much-loved creature was destined to die out．Even now the giant panda numbers fewer than 1000 in a shrinking wilderness in one small area in China，an untimely end for the wo rld’s most beloved wild species may still be avoidable．“It’s easy to save the panda，”says George Schaller，the New York Zoological So ciety’s panda expert and a world renowned zoologist．“All it needs is bamboo and peace．”Wild life experts have recommended some basic steps to help．A detailed plan for the protection of panda has been drawn up by the Wildlife Fund，in cooperation with the Chinese Ministry of Forestry．The plan calls for a 70％increase in the panda preserve at a cost of $20，000，000 over five years．The plan was submitted to the Chinese government in August，1989．After more than a year of debating and delay，the National People’s Congress voted in favor of the bill to fund the plan．4Almost 100 pandas are kept in Chinese Zoos and at institutions in other countries，but during the past three decades fewer than 100 baby pandas have been born in China．And the majority of these have died young．Despite such unfavorable circumstance，the giant pandas prospects are better now than in the recent past．New insights into behavior，diet and physiology offer hope to protect and raise these animals more effectively．The most promising hope for panda’s future seems to be the increased efforts by Chinese government．They have established 13 panda reserves and announced plans for 14 more．A farm has been relocated away from a panda habitat, and some 60 families living in one reserve have been relocated，costing the government nearly $ 370，00．Public concern for the welfare of pandas has been heightened by stiff penalties for poaching—although it remains a serious problem．A few farmers have captured isolated pandas and released them back to larger habitats．Questions 11-15 are based on Passage Three．11．The passage mainly discusses_______．A．the mysterious life of pandasB．attentions towards panda protectionC．public liking for pandasD．the strange behaviors of pandas12．Pandas are much loved by people for all of the following reasons EXCEPT_______．A．their baby-like featuresB．their round faces and small jawsC．their attractive criesD．their inactivity13．Which of the following factors plays a NEGATIVE rol e to panda’s surviving?A．Public concern for panda’s welfa re has been heightened．B．Chinese government invested more money in panda protection．C．Proper protection measures were not taken in time．D．More reserves will be established in China．14．Which of the following plays a key role in panda protection?A．Animal behaviorists．B．Chinese government．C．American zoologists．D．The zoos which raise pandas．15．Pandas can be better protected today owing to______．A．a better understanding of the animalB．the increase in foreign funds5C．their increasing popularityD．the efforts of American scientistsPassage FourThat experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering．Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory．Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to 1ead to skilful performance on the piano，to recitation of a poem，and even to reading and understanding these words．So-called intelligent behavior demands memory，remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning．The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory．Typically，the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences．Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material．Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten；and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious．Yet，dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive．In this sense，the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals．Indeed，when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experien ce leads to serious anxiety，forgetting may produce relief．Nevertheless，an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection．In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible．aspects，it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade．Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time，since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out，providing clues for inferring duration．Without forgetting，adaptive ability would suffer，for example，learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be．Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion．This forgetting seems to serve that survival of the individual and the species．Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting．In this view，continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output)．Indeed，there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned．Such data offers gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance．Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Four.16. From the evolutionary point of view,_______.A．sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequencesB．forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously inadaptiveC．if a person gets very forgetful all of a sudden he must be very adaptiveD．forgetting is an indication of an individual’s adaptability617.According to the passage, if a person never forgot,_______.A．he would survive bestB．he would have a lot of troubleC．the evolution of memory would stopD．his ability to learn would be enhanced18.From the last paragraph we know that _______.A．forgetfulness is a response to learningB．memory is a compensation for forgettingC．the capacity of a memory storage system is limitedD．the memory storage system is balanced19.The tone of the passage can best be described as _______.A．humorous B．theoreticalC．exaggerative D．philosophical20.The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is to _______.A．interpret the function of forgettingB．illustrate the process of adaptingC．explain the performance of memoryD．emphasize the importance of learningPassage FiveMany people believe that beavers are intelligent animals. After all, their dams are fine examples of engineering. The engineering feats of beavers are well known, but it will be useful to recall their main features.A pair of beavers will construct a dam across a river. The water held back by the dam overflows the bank on either side of the river, flooding the adjacent ground and forming a pond. At some point in the pond the beavers then build their home, which is called a lodge. This consists of a conical pile of branches and sticks of two to six feet in length held together with mud and stones, the top of which projects above the waterline. It serves as a shelter from the elements, a refuge from enemies and a base for food supplies to be drawn upon in winter.From an engineering point of view the lodge could hardly be improved．Not only does it contain a central chamber just above water level，but it also has one or more escape tunnels，well-insulated walls and a vertical chimney，which regulates the temperature inside and gives air-conditioning．It is altogether a cunning piece of construction，with all modern conveniences．It is，in fact，better protected against the effects of flooding than many human habitations．Trees are essential to beavers．They eat the bark on the upper branches，and in order to reach these they must fell the7trees．Tree-felling is a skilled job，as anyone who has felled even a sapling knows．But beavers fell more than saplings．A pair is said to be able to fell a tree four inches in diameter in 15 minutes．They do it by gnawing all round the trunk，as high up from the ground as they can reach．They often build platforms of mud and earth to enable them to cut through the tree where the trunk is narrower．The engineering skill of beavers is to a large extent a result of their ability to use their front paws as hands．A female will carry her young held under her chin with her front paws walking on her hind legs．A similar method is used by all beavers when transporting stones or mud，although they also carry such materials on their broad flat tails．The forepaws are also used for burrowing and for dragging heavier logs．It is easy，therefore，to see why people should tal k about the beaver’ s skill，cleverness and intelligence．However，the structur e of the beaver’s brain gives no indication that the animal is any more intelligent than other rodents．Any of its actions，which appear to be the result of a higher order of reasoning，can be shown to be due to instinct and are suspected of being the outcome of an inborn pattern of behavior．Questions 21-25 are based on Passage Five．21．The passage implies that beavers prefer to build their home in_____.A．deep water B．shallow waterC．rivers rather than pond D．1akes rather than rivers22．The word “ elements ” in Paragraph 2 means_____.A．natural habitations for animalsB．environment natural to an individualC．atmospheric forces as rain, wind or snowD．substances as earth, water, air and fire23．The sentence “F rom an engineering point of view the lodge could hardly be improved ”means___．A．the lodge was too poor to improveB．the lodge was left much to improveC．the lodge was nearly perfectD．it is easy to improve the lodge24．Beavers fell trees mainly to___．A．build dams B．build their lodgesC．gain food D．exercise their jaws25．Which of the following statements is best to describe beavers?A．They are clever animals and learn quickly．8B．They are more intelligent than other animals．C．Many of their skills are developed in late life．D．Many of their skills are inborn capabilities．Ⅱ．Vocabulary.(10 points, 1 point for each)Directions：Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below．The number in the brackets after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is．Write the word you choose on the Answer Sheet．Camps are either temporary，that is changed from day to day，or they are permanent and may be visited year after year，or they may be used for a few weeks at a time. Temporary camps are the ones we are considering，and these can be elaborate or very，very simple．I prefer the latter，and I am sure the boys will agree with me．During the autumn and when the weather is dry and the nights not too cool, the best way to camp is in the open，sleeping on beds of boughs，about a roaring fire，and with one blanket under and another over．Small dog tents，like the ones our soldiers carried in the Civil War, are cheap and very convenient. Each man carried a section，and two made a tent, into which two men crawled when it rained，but in dry weather they preferred to sleep in the open，even when it was freezing．Shelters of boughs，arranged in an A-formed fashion from a ridge pole make good temporary shelters and are first rate as wind breaks at night．A shack built of crossed logs requires some time to build and some skill to make，but it is not beyond the reach of any boy who has seen—and who has not—an old-fashioned log shanty．26.not lasting(Para.1)plicated (Para.1)28.making a loud sound (Para.2)29.bed covering (Para.2)30.moved with the body close to the ground (Para.3)31.held above other things (Para.3)32.terribly cold (Para.3)33.a long rounded piece of wood (Para.4)34.outside the limits (Para.5)35.a roughly-built house like a shack (Para.5)Ⅲ.Summarization.(20 points,2 points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each of the paragraphs is followed by an incomplete phrase9or sentence. Spell out the missing letters of the word on your Answer Sheet.Paragraph OneHigh salaries in the electricity, telecommunications and other monopoly industries have drawn strong criticism in China, where the Gini coefficient, now stands at 0.46, exceeding the internationally recognized alarm level of 0.45. So China is considering cutting wages in monopoly industries to reduce the country’s widening income gap. A draft directive document has been worked out for this purpose.36.The need to n ____the income gap.Paragraph TwoThrough operating remote controls and TV sets, people can log onto the Internet, send and receive E-mails, order dishes, and transfer accounts. They can choose different watching angles and show supports to particular teams while watching televised football games. Of course these services are not free. Experts say pay-TV is a little different with digital TV, but both stand for the developing trend of China’s television industry.37.The e_____ of pay-TV.Paragraph ThreeThis new kind of website is known as a“weblog ”,or “ bolg ”.A weblog is an online journal, typically consisting of a personal diary or social and political commentary ,sometimes with replies from readers. Blogs have common elements:updated frequently(usually daily); informal; grouped by date with links to archives of older posts.38.The passage talks about w_____.Paragraph FourA fashionable word in English these days is YAHOO, a word popularized by the Internet search engine carrying the same name. The original“yahoos”were quite different. They were the nasty, brutish, short and subhuman savages described in the Gulliver’s Travels.Today they are die-hard fans of the home team of any sport or sport enthusiasts who can’t help loving the home team.39.How did the w____ yahoo come?Paragraph FiveOn your interview day, you should arrive at least half an hour earlier. Tell the secretary at the reception desk about your arranged interview as soon as you get there, and wait in the lounge just to relax. But while waiting, watch your posture. When your name is called, let your interviewer see a candidate full of confidence and ready for nothing else but the interview.40.T_____for interviewees.Paragraph Six10A BMW is designed to bring confidence and joy to every moment you spend behind the wheel. Over the vast blanket of hard-packed snow and ice during the winter months, to respond with lightning accuracy in each of these situations may be impossible for a human driver, but not for a BMW equipped with All Season Traction.41.Gua antee of s____ for BMW drivers.Paragraph Seven“There are few earthly things more beautiful than a university ,”wrote John Mansfield in his tribute to English universities—and his words are equally true today. He admired the splendid beauty of the university, he said, because it was “a place where those who hate ignorance may strive to know, where those who perceive truth may strive to make others see.”42.The paragraph is about the u____ education.Paragraph EightConsumers of electricity usually accept the fact that power cuts frequently occur during thunderstorms. If outages(电力中断)occur on a sunny day, consumers will blame the power company. However, most outages occur due to circumstances beyond the power company’s control. Animals with the ability to reach the top of power poles can knock out power of many houses.43.There are many c_____ for power failure.Paragraph NineA poll was taken recently surveying twelve hundred adults in the United States to find out what they considered important in their lives. Ninety-six percent said that having a good family life was important. Ninety-five percent said that using their mind and abilities was important, which marks a shift in the type of work from physical labor to mental skills. 44.People’s v_____ towards life.Paragraph TenSome people feel very nervous when they fly in airplanes. No matter how hard they try, they cannot lower their anxiety. Many notice their anxiety but only a few are conscious of the way they express their tension. Some try to hide their nervousness; some become aggressive, attacking people by making them the butt of cruel jokes.45.Different r____ to tension when flying.Ⅳ.Translation.(20 points, 4 points for each)Directions: In the following passage, there are five groups of underlined sentences. Read the passage and translate these sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.Only 100 years ago man lived in harmony with nature. There weren’t so many people then and their wants were fewer. Whatever wastes were produced could be absorbed by nature and were soon covered over.(46) Today this harmonious relationship is threatened by man’s lack of foresight and planning, and by his carelessness and greed. For man is slowly11poisoning his environment.Pollution is a “dirty”word. To pollute means to contaminate—to spoil something by introducing impurities which make it unfit or unclean to use. Pollution comes in many forms. We see it, smell it, taste it, drink it ,and stumble through it.(47) We literally live in pollution, and, not surprisingly, it is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness, and our very civilization.Once we thought of pollution as meaning simply smog—the choking, stinging, dirty air that hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is still the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several which attack the most basic life function.Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the land, killing the wildlife. By dumping sewage and chemicals into rivers and lakes, we have contaminated our drinking water. We are polluting the ocean, too, killing the fish and thereby depriving ourselves of an invaluable food supply.(48) Part of the problem is our exploding population. More and more people produce more wastes. But this problem is intensified by our “throw-away”technology. Each year Americans dispose of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper,25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is easier and cheaper to buy a new one and discard the old, even though 95% of its parts may still be functioning. Soon we will wear clothing made of paper:“Wear it once and throw it away,”will be the slogan of the fashion-conscious.(49)Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem? Fortunately, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively ingenious.Take the problem of discarded cars, for instance. They are too bulky to ship as scrap to a steel mill. They must first be flattened. This is done in a giant compressor which can reduce a Cadillac to the size of a television set in a matter of minutes. Any leftover scrap metal is mixed with concrete and made into exceptionally strong bricks that are used in buildings and bridges.What about water pollution? More and more cities are building sewage-treatment plants.(50) Instead of being dumped into a nearby river or lake, sewage is sent through a system of underground pipes to agiant tank where the water is separated from the solid waste material. The solid material is converted into fertilizer. The sludge can also be made into bricks.12。
2006年10月英语二全国统一考试真题
2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码0015）PART ONE (50 POINTS)Ⅰ. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
1.He spoke so _____ that even his opponents were impressed by his words.A.FranklyB. clearlyC. convincinglyD. loudly2.The government ____ great importance to intellectual property protection.A.AssociatesB. attachesC. attributesD. approaches3.The heart is ____ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.A.Not soB. not muchC. much moreD. no more4.The factory has to be shut down ____ funds.A.In spite ofB. for lack ofC. with a view ofD. for the sake of5.The hotel manager said that they did not have a single _____ room left.A.VacantB. emptyC. bareD. hollow6.I’ll accept any job ___ I don’t have to get up early.A.As far asB. in caseC. as long asD. as though7.On hearing the news, he rushed out of the dining hall, leaving his lunch _____.A.FinishedB. unfinishedC. finishingD. to finish8.____ did she complain about the food, she also refused to pay for it.A.Not onlyB. OnlyC. NorD. So9.She offered me a drink before he ____ his coat.A.Would take offB. takes offC. had taken offD. has taken off10.On the top of the hill stands a (n) _____ church.A.Charming old SpanishB. old charming SpanishC. Spanish old charmingD. Spanish charming oldⅡ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2006年part2
Part Two Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company （ASC）, which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights. The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor （with a beard）and did his share of noise-making. The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night （some of them four or five nights）pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall. The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive. Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. （The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.）The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low. It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike （though they come from all over）---lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing—room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m..6. From the first two paras , we learn that____A. the townsfolk deny the RSC ’ s contribution to the town’s revenueB. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stageC. the two branches of the RSC are not on good termsD. the townsfolk earn little from tourism7. It can be inferred from Para 3 that____A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separatelyB. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseersC. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoersD. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater8. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” （Line 2-3, Paragraph 4）, the author implies that_____A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projectsB. Stratford has long been in financial difficultiesC. the town is not really short of moneyD. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid9. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because____A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spendingB. the company is financially ill-managedC. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptableD. the theatre attendance is on the rise10. From the text we can conclude that the author_____A. is supportive of both sidesB. favors the townsfolk’s viewC. takes a detached attitudeD. is sympatheticUnit 13（2006） Part 2重点词汇：1. hostile a. 含敌意的，极不友好的2. superb a. 极好的，的；华丽的，⾼贵的；⾮常的，极度的3. revenue n. 收⼊，岁⼊4. subsidy n. （政府、慈善机构等分发的）补助⾦；津贴，补贴；捐款，资助；拨款；（国家之间的）财政援助5. attendance n. 出席，到场；（总称）出席者，听众，观众；照料，护理，伺候6. decorate v. 装饰，打扮7. rocket v. 上升，迅速增加8. attractive a. 有吸引⼒的，诱⼈的9. sandal n. 凉鞋10. sightseer n. 观光者，旅游者11. flagstone n. ⽯板12. playgoer n. 戏迷13. standing-room n. （剧场、体育场等的）站席空位；站⽴空间14. 重要词组live off 住在……以外；靠……⽣活；靠……供养；以……为主⾷on the side 秘密地，暗地⾥；作为兼职；作为副业on the safe side 可靠的；安全的along with 与……⼀起；共同；连同；随着；加之15. bring in 引进；引⼊；⽣产；产出；收益；进款；挣得（钱）；提出（议案）；拘捕；逮捕；让某⼈参与计划16. take in 让……进⼊；接纳；接受；接待；收留；把……领⼊；包括；涉及；参观；游览；观看（戏剧、电影等）缩短；改⼩⾐服；收缩；兼并；获得（⼟地）；订阅（报刊、杂志等）；收⼊；进账；开始；注意到；敏锐地观察到；马上看到；看出；⼀⽬了然；领会；理解17. get out of 从……出来；从……取出来；从……解脱/离开；从……获得/得到；戒掉；使摆脱（某事/某习惯）；使避免；（使某⼈）逃避（责任、义务、职责等）18. stay low 保持低速；保持低价位19. drive away sb. 开车送⾛（某⼈）；驱散（某⼈）；赶⾛（某⼈）20. drive away at 拼命⼲，努⼒做⼯作；孜孜不倦地⼲21. game n. 游戏，运动；娱乐活动；猎物（本⽂意义），猎获物；野味试题解析：6.【正确答案】［A］the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue.【测试要点】这是⼀道细节判断题。
2006年10月英语(二)试题答案
I. V ocabulary and Structure1. D2. A3. C4. B5. A6. C7. D8. B9. A 10. BII. Cloze Test11. A 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. CIII. Reading Comprehension21. A 22. D 23. B 24.B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. CIV. Word Spelling36. result 37. share 38. willing 39. warn 40.expression 41. diversity 42. budget43. measurement 44. ensure 45. domestic 46. originate 47. appliance 48. motivate 49. feasible 50. appreciation 51. strategy 52. refine 53. confront 54. coincide 55. ultimateV. Word Form56. be said 57. is accepted 58. would have allowed 59. be ignored 60. came 61. is 62. becoming 63. is treated 64. should rain 65. to be doneVI. Translation from Chinese into English66. He gambled his savings to start a small shop.67. The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across.68. Some suggest that the management process is decision making.69. Every person is equal be president or a street cleaner.70. It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period.VII. Translation from English into Chinese.71. 劳役和玩乐之间是工作。
2006版考研英语模拟考场10套第二套答案2
2006版考研英语模拟考场10套第二套答案2 Part B (二)答案解析及参考译文Sample One思路解析41【答案】[F]【解析】空格前面的句子说“From these sources it became apparent that the character of myths varied widely， not only by geographical region but also by historical period.”，空格后面的句子说“He argued that the relatively simple Greek myth of Persephone reflects the economics of a basic agricultural community，whereas the more involved and complex myths found later in Homer are the product of a more developed society.”，由此可知：所填的句子应该是在讲神话的特点，并且会提到某位学者。
选项F中说“German scholar Karl Offried Muller followed this line of inquiry in his Prolegomena to a Scientific Mythology，1825.”，这与前后句子的意思连贯，所以应该选F。
虽然选项[A]、[C]、[D]中也都提到了学者，但是，其意思与前后句子不连贯，所以不能选用。
42【答案】[A]【解析】空格前面的句子说“These languages，scholarsconcluded，belonged to an Indo-European language family...”,空格后面的句子说“For example，an expression like ‘maiden dawn’for‘sunrise’resulted first in personification of the dawn，and then in myths about her。