肇庆市2014届高三级一模稿及答案 2
肇庆市重点中学2014年春学期高三毕业班一模物理试卷(有答案)
肇庆市重点中学2014年春学期高三毕业班一模物理试卷(有答案)1. 物理学理论的建立离不开实验.下述几个在物理学发展史上有重要地位的物理实验,以及与之相关的物理学发展史实,其中表述正确的是A.卢瑟福α粒子散射实验为原子核式结构理论提供实验基础B.汤姆生发现电子揭示了原子核结构的复杂性C.查德威克发现中子揭示了原子不再是物质的最小微粒D.贝克勒尔发现天然放射现象证实了玻尔原子理论的正确性2.如图所示为氢原子的能级结构示意图,一群氢原子处于n=3的激发态,在向较低能级跃迁的过程中向外辐射出光子,用这些光子照射逸出功为2.49eV的金属钠。
下列说法正确的是A.这群氢原子能辐射出三种不同频率的光,其中从n=3能级跃迁到n=2能级所发出的光波长最短B.这群氢原子在辐射光子的过程中电子绕核运动的动能减小,电势能增大C.能发生光电效应的光有三种D.金属钠表面所发出的光电子的最大初动能是9.60eV3 如图所示,水平放置的平行金属导轨MN和PQ之间接有定值电阻R,导体棒ab长为l且与导轨接触良好,整个装置处于竖直向上的匀强磁场中,现使导体棒ab匀速向右运动,下列说法正确的是QA.导体棒ab两端的感应电动势越来越小B.导体棒ab中的感应电流方向是a→bC.导体棒ab所受安培力方向水平向右D.导体棒ab所受合力做功为零4 2013年5月“神舟十号”载人航天飞行取得圆满成功.“神十”飞船在到达预定的圆轨道之前,运载火箭的末级火箭仍和飞船连接在一起(飞船在前,火箭在后),先在大气层外某一轨道上绕地球做匀速圆周运动,然后启动脱离装置,使飞船加速并实现船箭脱离,最后飞船到达预定的圆轨道.关于飞船在预定的圆轨道上运行的说法,正确的是A.预定的圆轨道比某一轨道离地面更远,飞船速度比脱离前大B.预定的圆轨道比某一轨道离地面更近,飞船的运行周期变小C.预定的圆轨道比某一轨道离地面更远,飞船的向心加速度变小D.飞船和火箭仍在预定的圆轨道上运行,飞船的速度比火箭的大二、双项选择题;每小题6分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有二个..选项符合题意.全选对得6分,只选一项且正确的得3分,有选错或不答的得0 分.5 如下图所示,导热的气缸开口向下,缸内活塞封闭了一定质量的理想气体,活塞可自由滑动且不漏气,活塞下挂一个沙桶,沙桶装满沙子时,活塞恰好静止.现将沙桶底部钻一个小洞,让细砂慢慢漏出,气缸外部温度恒定不变.则A.缸内气体压强减小,内能增加B.缸内气体压强增大,内能不变C.缸内气体压强增大,内能减少D.外界对缸内气体做功6 a、b两辆汽车在同一条平直公路上行驶的v-t图象如下图所示.下列说法正确的是A.t1时刻,a车和b车处在同一位置B.t2时刻,a、b两车运动方向相反C.在t1到t2这段时间内,b车的加速度先减小后增大D.在t 1到t 2这段时间内,b 车的位移大于a 车的位移7 如下图所示,一理想变压器原副线圈匝数分别为n 1=1000匝.n 2=200匝,原线圈中接 一交变电源,交变电源电压(V)u t π=.副线圈中接一电动机,电阻为11 Ω,电流表 示数为1 A ,电表对电路的影响忽略不计.下列说法正确的是 A.此交流电的频率为100 Hz B.电流表 示数为0.2 A C.此电动机输出功率为33 W D.电压表示数为V 22208 如图所示,将两个相同的木块a 、b 置于固定在水平面上的粗糙斜面上,a 、b 中间用一轻 质弹簧连接,b 的右端用细绳与固定在斜面上的挡板相连.达到稳定状态时a 、b 均静止, 弹簧处于压缩状态,细绳上有拉力.下列说法正确的是A.达到稳定状态时a 所受的摩擦力一定不为零B.达到稳定状态时b 所受的摩擦力一定不为零C.在细绳剪断瞬间,b 所受的合外力一定为零D.在细绳剪断瞬间,a 所受的合外力一定为零9 如图所示,真空中存在范围足够大的匀强电场,A 、B 为该匀强电场的两个等势面.现有 三个完全相同的带等量正电荷的粒子a 、b 、c ,从等势面A 上的某点同时以相同速率v 0向不同方向开始运动,其中a 的初速度方向垂直指向等势面B ;b 的初速度方向平行于等势面;c 的初速度方向与a 相反.经过一段时间,三个粒子先后通过等势面B .已知三个粒子始终在该匀强电场中运动,不计重力,下列判断正确的是 A.等势面A 的电势高于等势面B 的电势B. a 、b 、c 三粒子通过等势面B 时的速度大小相等C.开始运动后的任一时刻,a 、b 两粒子的动能总是相同D.开始运动后的任一时刻,三个粒子电势能总是相等n 1n 210.(18分)如图所示,质量M =1.5kg 的小车静止于光滑水平面上并紧靠固定在水平面上的桌子右边,其上表面与水平桌面相平,小车的左端放有一质量为0.5kg 的滑块Q .水平放置的轻弹簧左端固定,质量为0.5kg 的小物块P 置于光滑桌面上的A 点并与弹簧的右端接触,此时弹簧处于原长.现用水平向左的推力F 将P 缓慢推至B 点(弹簧仍在弹性限度内),推力做功W F =4J ,撤去F 后,P 沿桌面滑到小车左端并与Q 发生弹性碰撞,最后Q 恰好没从小车上滑下.已知Q 与小车表面间动摩擦因数μ=0.1.(g=10m/s 2)求:(1)P 刚要与Q 碰撞前的速度是多少? (2)Q 刚在小车上滑行时的初速度v 0是多少?(3)为保证Q 不从小车上滑下,小车的长度至少为多少?11.(18分)如图所示,在直角坐标系xoy 平面的第Ⅱ象限内有半径为r的圆o 1分别与x 轴、y 轴相切于C (-r ,0)、D (0,r ) 两点,圆o 1内存在垂直于xoy 平面向外的匀强磁场,磁感应强度为B .与y 轴负方向平行的匀强电场左边界与y 轴重合,右边界交x 轴于G 点,一带正电的A 粒子(重力不计)电荷量为q 、质量为m ,以某一速率垂直于x 轴从C 点射入磁场,经磁场偏转恰好从D 点进入电场,最后从G 点以与x 轴正向夹角为45°的方向射出电场.求:(1)A 粒子在磁场区域的偏转半径及OG 之间的距离; (2)该匀强电场的电场强度E ;(3)若另有一个与A的质量和电荷量均相同、速率也相同的粒子A′,从C点沿与x 轴负方向成30°角的方向射入磁场,则粒子A′再次回到x轴上某点时,该点的坐标值为多少?2014届高三一模理科综合物理参考答案10(18分) 解:(1)推力F 通过P 压缩弹簧做功,根据功能关系有:P F E W = ① (1分)当弹簧完全推开物块P 时,有:212P P E m v =② (2分) 由①②式联立解得:4/v m s =()(1分) (2)P 、Q 之间发生弹性碰撞,设碰撞后Q 的速度为0v ,P 的速度为v ',由动量守恒和能量守恒得:0P P Q m v m v m v =+'③ (2分)222111222P P Q m v m v m v =+' ④ (2分) 由③④式解得04/v v m s ==,0v =' (1分)(3)设滑块Q 在小车上滑行一段时间后两者的共同速度为u ,由动量守恒可得:0()Q Q m v m M u =+ ⑤(4分)根据能量守恒,系统产生的摩擦热:22011()22Q Q Q m gL m v m M u μ=-+ ⑥(4分)联立⑤⑥解得:6L m =()(1分) (3)解法二:滑块Q 在小车上滑行,做匀减速运动,由牛顿运动定律及运动学知识可得:Q Q Qm ga g m μμ== ⑤(2分)小车开始做初速度为零的匀加速运动Q M m ga Mμ=⑥ (2分)小车与滑块达到相同速度所用的时间为t ,有0Q M v a t a t -= ⑦ (2分)小车的长度为L ,由运动学知识可得:2201122Q M L v t a t a t =-- ⑧(2分) 由⑤⑥⑦⑧式联立解得:L =6(m )(1分) 11(18分) 解:(1)设粒子A 射入磁场时的速率为v 0 ,其在磁场中做圆周运动的圆心必在x 轴上,设其圆心为O A ,连接O A C 、O A D ,则O A C =O A D =r ,所以O A 与O 点重合,故A 粒子在磁场区域的偏转半径也是r. (2分)A 粒子运动至D 点时速度与y 轴垂直,粒子A 从D 至G 作类平抛运动,设其加速度为a ,在电场中运行的时间为t ,由平抛运动的规律可得:212r at =① (1分) 0OG v t = ② (1分)由运动学知识可得:0045tan v atv v xy ==③(1分) 联立①②③解得:OG 2r = ④(1分)(2)粒子A 的轨迹圆半径为r ,由洛仑兹力和向心力公式可得:200v qv B m r= ⑤(2分)由牛顿运动定律和电场力公式可得:mEqa =⑥(2分) 联立①②⑤⑥解得:22qrB E m= ⑦(2分)(3)设粒子A ′在磁场中圆周运动的圆心为O ′ ,因为∠O ′ CA ′ =90°,O′C =r ,以 O ′为圆心、r 为半径做A ′的轨迹圆交圆形磁场O 1于H 点,则四边形CO ′H O 1为菱形,故O′H ∥y 轴,粒子A ′ 从磁场中出来交y 轴于I 点,HI ⊥O′H ,所以粒子A ′也是垂直于y 轴进入电场。
广东省肇庆市2014届高三一模历史试题
广东省肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟测试文综历史试题2014.312.钱穆说:“直至汉兴,始为中国史上平民政权之初创。
……然在平民政府创建的过程中,欲屡次有‘封建’思想之复活。
” “‘封建’思想之复活”是指汉朝A.实行推恩令,加强中央集权 B.实行分封制C.推行郡县制 D.罢黜百家,独尊儒术13.读“中国古代皇权消长示意图”,对此图解读正确的是A.皇权从秦到清一直强化B.隋唐三省六部制削弱了皇权C.明朝废丞相,专制皇权发展到新高度D.清朝设议政王大臣会议,专制皇权达到顶峰14.“饥来吃饭倦来眠,只此修行玄更玄。
说与世人浑不信,却从身外觅神仙。
”该诗作者主张A.格物致知 B.发明本心 C.知行合一 D.万物皆只是一个天理15.有人形容中国古代商业就像一个带着枷锁、脚镣并被捆绑起来的舞者。
她的每一个舞步都带着沉重的牵累。
这主要是因为A.古代中国交通落后 B.古代中国农业和手工业落后C.统治者实行海禁政策 D.统治者长期实行重农抑商政策16.“数年以来,创造共和再造共和的人物,也算不少。
说良心话,真心知道共和是什么,脑子里不装着帝制时代旧思想的,能有几人?……如今要巩固共和,非先将国民脑子里所有反对共和的旧思想,一一洗刷干净不可。
” 这说明A.辛亥革命使民主共和观念渐入人心 B.民主共和得到民众的普遍支持C.国民革命结束了君主专制制度 D.新文化运动具有历史必要性17.“他拒绝了只能依靠城市无产阶级进行革命这一传统的马克思主义原则,……这对莫斯科来说纯属异端邪说,但毛自行其是,将农民组织起来,建立了独立的军队和政府。
”这里的“异端邪说”是指A.人民民主专政理论 B.工农武装割据理论C.枪杆子出政权理论 D.城市武装起义理论18.“这是新中国外交政策从突出强调意识形态的‘一边倒’,转向较多地考虑国家现实利益而开始走向务实的一个相当重要的标志。
”杨奎松做出这一评价的依据是A.和平共处五项原则的提出 B.亚非会议提出“求同存异”的方针C.中国恢复在联合国的合法席位 D.中美关系正常化19.公元前399年,陪审团以多数票判处苏格拉底死刑。
肇庆市2014届高三3月第一次模拟试题(理数)
B1(4,0,4).
(1 分)
(1) B1D (2,2,4) , AD (2,2,0) , AE (0,4,2) .
因为 B1D AD 4 4 0 0 ,所以 B1D AD ,即 B1D AD .
(2 分) (3
分)
因为 B1D AE 0 8 8 0 ,所以 B1D AE ,即 B1D AE .
各取一个元素构成空间直角坐标系中的点的坐标,则确定的不同 点的个数为 ▲ .
(
)▲
14.(坐标系与参数方程选做题)已知曲线 C 的极坐标方程为
2 ( 0, 0 2
),曲线 C 在点(2, )处的切线
4
4
为 l,以极点为坐标原点,以极轴为 x 轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系, 则 l 的直角坐标方程为 ▲ .
1
1.已知全集 U={-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6},集合 M={大于 1且小 于 4 的整数},则 CU M
A. B.{-2,-1,5,6} C.{0,1,2,3,4} D.{-2,-1,4, 5,6}
2.定义域为 R 的四个函数 y x2 1, y 3x , y | x 1| , y 2 cos x
3
OQ
m OP n (其中
O
为坐标原点),则
y
f
(x)
在区间
[
, ] 上的
63
最大值是
A.4
B.2
C. 2 2
D. 2 3
二、填空题:本大题共 7 小题,考生作答 6 小题,每小题 5 分,满
分 30 分.
(一)必做题(9~13 题)
9.函数 y x2 3x 2 的定义域为 ▲ . 10.曲线 f (x) ex 在 x 0 处的切线方程为 ▲ .
广东省肇庆市2014届高三毕业班第二次模拟考试英语试题及答案
广东省肇庆市2013—2014学年度第二学期高三模拟考试二英语试题(六)I 语言知识及应用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I have been blessed with the opportunity in my life. It took the near-death experience of my dad to make me realize that my purpose in life is to 1 others. My dad suffered from leukemia(白血病) in 1998. 2 the pain and treatment that he put up with inspired me to be a more kind and 3 person. I realized life is just too 4 and it was time for me to make some changes — do the things in life that I wanted to do without making 5 why I couldn’t do them.My dad 6 a bone marrow transplant(骨髓移植) operation, and after that he was able to reuse his own “cleaned” marrow, so a donor(捐献者) was not needed. That was excellent 7 because donors who are a match are hard to come by. That 8 me to become a bone marrow donor and hopefully help someone else one day. I also 9 money for the cancer patients. Yet, I was not satisfied with just that. I had to do more, I 10 blood every other month and seek opportunities to do other acts of kindness daily. The opportunity, some days, presents itself very 11 and some days I have to seek it out. Either way, it comes.I would like to 12 one of my favorite quotes(名言)with you all:“In an average lifetime, a person 13 about sixty-five thousand miles. That’s two and half times around the world. I wonder 14 your steps will take you. I wonder how you’ll use the rest of the 15 you’re given.”I want to use my miles to create foot prints of love in this world.1. A. advise B. ask C. help D. understand2. A. Suffering B. Watching C. Discovering D. Bringing3. A. stronger B. independent C. giving D. receiving4. A. short B. wonderful C. dangerous D. boring5. A. efforts B. promises C. excuses D. plans6. A. refused B. had C. learned D. stopped7. A. expression B. knowledge C. news D. sense8. A. forced B. inspired C. allowed D. expected9. A. raised B. kept C. paid D. hid10. A. check B. test C. donate D. sell11. A. secretly B. clearly C. peacefully D. wildly12. A. share B. divide C. record D. repeat13. A. conveys B. owns C. measures D. walks14. A. where B. why C. when D. if15. A. materials B. miles C. world D. wealth第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。
【解析版】广东省肇庆市2014届高三3月第一次模拟数学(理)试题(
肇庆市中小学教学质量评估 2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试数 学(理科)第Ⅰ卷(共40分)一、选择题:本大题共8个小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项 是符合题目要求的.1.已知全集U ={-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6},集合M ={大于1-且小于4的整数},则=M C U ( )A .φB .{-2,-1,5,6}C .{0,1,2,3,4}D .{-2,-1,4,5,6}2.定义域为R 的四个函数21y x =+,3x y =, |1|y x =+,2cos y x =中,偶函数的个数是( )A .4B .3C .2D .13.设i 是虚数单位,1z i =+,z 为复数z 的共轭复数,则1z z z ⋅+-= ( )A 1B 3C .1D .1 【答案】A【解析】试题分析:由共轭复数概念可得1z i =-,则()()1111211z z z i i +-=+-== ,故选A .考点:共轭复数 复数的模4.二项式91x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中3x 的系数是( )A .84B .-84C .126D .-1265.某四棱锥的三视图如图1所示(单位:cm ),则该四棱锥的体积是( )A .273cm B .93cm C .3cm D .3 3cm【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:从三视图可以得到该几何体为四棱锥,且该四棱锥的底面为正方形且边长为3,从侧视图可得该四棱锥的高为1,所以该四棱锥的体积为133V Sh ==,故选D考点:三视图 四棱锥体积6.若如图2所示的程序框图输出的S 是30,则在判断框中M 表示的“条件”应该是( )A .3n ≥B .4n ≥C .5n ≥D .6n ≥【答案】B 【解析】试题分析:首先执行程序到30S =,12340,01,0222,2263,62144,14230S n n S n S n S n S ====+===+===+===+=则应该填4n ≥,故选B . 考点:程序框图7.下列命题中,真命题是 ( )A .R x ∈∃0,00≤x e;B .R x ∈∀,22x x>;C .“1,1a b >>”是“1ab >”的充分不必要条件;D .设,为向量,则“||||||=⋅”是“//”的必要不充分条件 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:根据x y e =的值域为()0,+∞可得命题A 是假命题,当1x =-时,21212xx =<=,所以命题B 是8.设向量),(21a a a =,),(21b b b =,定义一种向量积:),(),(),(22112121b a b a b b a a =⊗=⊗.已知向量)4,21(=,)0,6(π=,点P 在cos y x =的图象上运动,点Q 在()y f x =的图象上运动,且满足+⊗=(其中O 为坐标原点),则()y f x =在区间]3,6[ππ上的最大值是( )A .4B .2C .D .第Ⅱ卷(共110分)二、填空题:本大题共7小题,考生作答6小题,每小题5分,满分30分. (一)必做题(9~13题) 9.函数232+-=x x y 的定义域为 ▲ .10.曲线1)(-=x e x f x在0x =处的切线方程为 ▲ .11.已知等比数列{}n a 满足122336a a a a +=+=,,则5a = ▲ . 【答案】16 【解析】试题分析:因为{}n a 为等比数列,所以设数列的通项公式()110n n a a qq -=≠ ,则1112212311332166a a q a a q a a a a q a q +=+==⎧⎧⎧⇒⇒⎨⎨⎨=+=+=⎩⎩⎩,即12n n a -=,所以515216a -==,故填16. 考点:等比数列12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,P 为不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤--≥-+≤-0206303y x y x y 所表示的平面区域内一动点,则线段|OP |的最小值等于 ▲ . 【答案】5103 【解析】试题分析:根据线性规划知识画出不等式组表示的可行域如下,则可以判断OP 的最小距离的是过点O 做直线360x y +-=的垂线段,即min OP ===. 考点:线性规划 距离最小13.已知集合A ={4},B ={1,2},C ={1,3,5},从这三个集合中各取一个元素构成空间直角坐标系中的点的坐标,则确定的不同点的个数为 ▲ . 【答案】3314.(坐标系与参数方程选做题)已知曲线C 的极坐标方程为2ρ=(0,02ρθπ>≤< ),曲线C 在点(2,4π)处的切线为l ,以极点为坐标原点,以极轴为x 轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系,则l 的直角坐标方程为 ▲ .15.(几何证明选讲选做题)如图3,△ABC 的外角平分线AD 交外接圆于D ,若DB =,则DC = ▲ .【答案】3 【解析】三、解答题 (本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)16.(本小题满分12分) 已知向量)0),6(cos(π-=x m ,)0,2(=,x R ∈,函数x f ⋅=)(.(1)求函数()f x 的表达式; (2)求()f π的值; (3)若56)32(=+παf ,)0,2(πα-∈,求(2)f α的值.17.(本小题满分13分)随机抽取某中学高一级学生的一次数学统测成绩得到一样本,其分组区间和频数是:[)60,50,2;[)70,60,7;[)80,70,10;[)90,80,x;[90,100],2. 其频率分布直方图受到破坏,可见部分如下图4所示,据此解答如下问题.(1)求样本的人数及x的值;(2)估计样本的众数,并计算频率分布直方图中[80,90)的矩形的高;(3)从成绩不低于80分的样本中随机选取2人,该2人中成绩在90分以上(含90分)的人数记为ξ,求ξ的数学期望.【答案】(1)4x =,样本人数为25 (2)75 0.016 (3)23【解析】 试题分析:(1)由题意得,分数在[50,60)之间的频数为2, 频率为0.008100.08⨯=,(1分) 所以样本人数为2250.08n ==(人) (2分) x 的值为25(27102)4x =-+++=(人). (4分)(2)从分组区间和频数可知,样本众数的估计值为75. (6分) 由(1)知分数在[80,90)之间的频数为4,频率为40.1625= (7分)所以频率分布直方图中[80,90)的矩形的高为0.160.01610= (8分) (3)成绩不低于80分的样本人数为4+2=6(人),成绩在90分以上(含90分)的人数为2人,所以ξ的取值为0,1,2. (9分)156)0(2624===C C P ξ,1142268(1)15C C P C ξ===,22261(2)15C P C ξ===,(10分) 所以ξ的分布列为:(11分)所以ξ的数学期望为68120121515153E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯= (13分) 考点:组合数 期望 分布列 频率分布直方图18.(本小题满分13分)如图5,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,D、E 分别是BC 和1CC 的中点,已知AB =AC =AA 1=4,∠BAC =90︒.(1)求证:1B D ⊥平面AED ; (2)求二面角1B AE D --的余弦值; (3)求三棱锥1A B DE -的体积.【答案】(2)63)8【解析】 试题分析:法1:依题意,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系A -xyz .因为1AB AC AA ===4,所以A (0,0,0),B (4,0,0),E (0,4,2),D (2,2,0),B 1(4,0,4). (1分)(1))4,2,2(1--=B ,)0,2,2(=,)2,4,0(=. (2分)因为00441=++-=⋅AD D B ,所以1B D AD ⊥,即1B D AD ⊥. (3分)因为08801=-+=⋅B ,所以B ⊥1,即AE D B ⊥1. (4分) 又AD 、AE ⊂平面AED ,且AD ∩AE =A ,故1B D ⊥平面AED . (5分)(2)由(1)知)4,2,2(1--=D B 为平面AED 的一个法向量. (6分) 设平面 B 1AE 的法向量为),,(z y x n =,因为)2,4,0(=AE ,)4,0,4(1=AB ,所以由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅001AB AE n ,得⎩⎨⎧=+=+044024z x z y ,令y =1,得x =2,z =-2.即)2,1,2(-=.(7分)∴662496||||,cos 111=⨯=⋅>=<D B n B , (8分) ∴二面角1B AE D --(9分)由(1)得,AD ⊥平面B 1BCC 1,又DE ⊂平面B 1BCC 1,所以AD ⊥DE .在Rt △AED 中,5302=⋅=AE DE AD DM , (8分) 在Rt △B 1DM 中,55122211=+=DM D B M B , 所以66cos 11==∠M B DM MD B ,即二面角B 1—AE —D(9分)19.(本小题满分14分)已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且满足21=a ,)1(1++=+n n S na n n . (1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式n a ; (2)设n T 为数列{n na 2}的前n 项和,求n T ; (3)设211++=n n n n a a a b ,证明:321321<++++n b b b b .(3)把(1)得到的n a n =带入()()122122n b n n n =++ ,观察n b 的通项公式为分式,为求其前n 项和可以考虑利用裂项求和法.进行裂项()()()()()111181216112n b n n n n n n n ⎡⎤==-⎢⎥+++++⎣⎦,在进行求和就可以得到n b 的前n项和为()()11321612n n -++,利用()()11612n n ++非负即可证明原不等式. 试题解析:所以n n n n T 221121121---=, (8分) 故1242n n n T -+=-. (9分)(3)由(1),得])2)(1(1)1(1[161)2(2)1(221++-+=+⋅+⋅=n n n n n n n b n (12分)))2)(1(1)1(1431321321211(161321++-+++⨯-⨯+⨯-⨯=++++n n n n b b b b n ))2)(1(121(161++-=n n (13分) 321)2)(1(161321<++-=n n . (14分) 考点:裂项求和 错位相减 不等式20.(本小题满分14分)设双曲线C :12222=-by a x (a >0,b >0)的一个焦点坐标为(3,0),离心率e = A 、B 是双曲线上的两点,AB 的中点M (1,2). (1)求双曲线C 的方程; (2)求直线AB 方程;(3)如果线段AB 的垂直平分线与双曲线交于C 、D 两点,那么A 、B 、C 、D 四点是否共圆?为什么?(1)依题意得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧===33a ce c ,解得a =1. (1分) 所以222312b c a =-=-=, (2分)故双曲线C 的方程为2212y x -=. (3分) (2)设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ,则有221122221212y x y x ⎧-=⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩. 两式相减得:121212121()()()()2x x x x y y y y -+=-+ , (4分) 由题意得12x x ≠,221=+x x ,421=+y y , (5分)所以1)(221212121=++=--y y x x x x y y ,即1=AB k . (6分)故直线AB 的方程为1y x =+. (7分)21.(本小题满分14分) 设函数3211()(0)32a f x x x ax a a -=+-->. (1)若函数)(x f 在区间(-2,0)内恰有两个零点,求a 的取值范围; (2)当a =1时,求函数)(x f 在区间[t ,t +3]上的最大值.【答案】(1)10,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭(2)⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-≤≤--->-<+++=)14(31)14(58331)(23maxt t t t t t x f 或【解析】 试题分析:(1)∵3211()(0)32a f x x x ax a a -=+--> ∴()2()1(1)()f x x a x a x x a '=+--=+-, (1分) 令()0f x '=,解得121,0x x a =-=> (2分) 当x 变化时,)(x f ',)(x f 的变化情况如下表:故函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为(-∞,-1),(a ,+∞);单调递减区间为(-1,a );(4分) 因此)(x f 在区间(-2,-1)内单调递增,在区间(-1,0)内单调递减,要使函数)(x f 在区间(2,0)-内恰有两个零点,当且仅当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<>-<-0)0(0)1(0)2(f f f , (5分)解得103a <<, 所以a 的取值范围是(0,31). (6分)(2)当a =1时,131)(3--=x x x f . 由(1)可知,函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为(-∞,-1),(1,+∞);单调递减区间为(-1,1);31)1()(-=-=f x f 极大值. (7分)①当t +3<-1,即t <-4时,第 21 页 共 21 页③当t +3>2,即t >-1时,由②得)(x f 在区间(]2,∞-上的最大值为31)1()2(-=-=f f . 因为)(x f 在区间(1,+∞)上单调递增,所以)2()3(f t f >+,故)(x f 在[],3t t +上的最大值为58331)3()(23max +++=+=t t t t f x f . (13分) 综上所述,当a =1时,)(x f 在[t ,t +3]上的最大值⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-≤≤--->-<+++=)14(31)14(58331)(23max t t t t t t x f 或. (14分) 考点:导数 最值 零点。
广东省肇庆市2014年春学期高三毕业班第一次模拟考试地理试卷(有答案)
广东省肇庆市2014年春学期高三毕业班第一次模拟考试地理试卷(有答案)一、选择题:每小题4分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.下图为“宁夏平原地质剖面示意图”。
宁夏平原地质构造的形成原因是A.堆积作用B.地壳运动C.侵蚀作用D.变质作用2.十八届三中全会决定,“我国逐步启动实施一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策,逐步调整完善生育政策,促进人口长期均衡发展’’。
这一政策的实施可能使A.人口死亡率较目前更高B.国家养老金的支付压力增大C.0~15岁人口比重上升D.人口向国外进行大规模迁移3.下表是我国东部某区域 2008~2010年占用、增补耕地的平均坡度与平均海拔状况。
据此判断该区域A.耕地面积增加B.增补耕地容易产生水土流失C.增补耕地少于占用耕地D.增补耕地耕作更方便4.雾是近地面大气层中出现大量微小水滴而形成的一种天气现象,在大气稳定时,当暖湿空气经过寒冷的下垫面时,就易形成雾。
地中海气候区的沿海城市夏季多雾,是因为A.降水较少B.气温较高C.风力较弱 D.光照较强5.下图为“某年赤道附近太平洋海面温度距平(与多年平均值的差)示意图”。
据图分析,该年A.赤道附近的太平洋东岸地区降水偏多B.全球气候正常C.赤道附近的太平洋西岸地区降水偏多D.秘鲁寒流加强6.网络鲜花速递是指送花人利用网络订购鲜花,连锁店直接把花送到收花人手中,是鲜花销售的新形式。
网络鲜花快递将使鲜花种植业A.增加生产成本 B.扩大销售市场 C.改变生产方式 D.改变种植制度水量盈余率是衡量水库蓄水量变化的重要指标(水量盈余率=流入量/流出量),下图为北半球某水库多年平均水量盈余率季节变化图。
读图,结合所学知识完成7~8题。
7.该水库的最高水位一般出现在A.10月B.6月C.3月D.12月8.根据降水量各月的分配情况,该水库所处的区域属于A.全年多雨区B.夏季多雨区C.全年少雨区D.冬季多雨区9.地表单位面积接受到的太阳辐射量随坡度不同而不同,我国秦岭南坡某月份太阳辐射量最大值在坡度10°~15°之间。
【2014肇庆一模】广东省肇庆市2014届高三毕业班第一次模拟考试化学试题 Word版含答案.pdf
Y制胆矾晶体,试剂Y为无色液体,反应④的总化学方程式
;若不考虑绿色化学工艺,所
选试剂Y为1mol/L的硝酸,欲使3molCu全部溶解且溶液中含铜元素的溶质仅为CuSO4,则需该硝酸的体积
L。
33.(16分)实验室制取乙酸丁酯的实验装置有如
右下图所示两种装置供选用。其(1)制取。不选另一种装置的理由是
段时间白色固体迅速变为灰绿色,最终变为红褐色说明Fe(OH)2易被氧化成Fe(OH)3C.在CuSO4溶液中加入KI溶液,再加
入苯,振荡D.向某无色溶液中滴加硝酸酸化的BaCl2溶液产生白色沉淀溶液中一定含有SO42-
非选择题
30.(16分)有增长碳链是机合成中非常重要的反应。例如:
反应①
。
(2)该实验生成物中除了主产物乙酸丁酯外,还可能生成的有机副产物有(写出结构简式):
、
。
(3)酯化反应是一个可逆反应,为提高1-丁醇的利用率,。
(4)从制备乙酸丁酯所得的混合物中分离、提纯乙酸丁酯时,需要经过多步操作,下列图示的操作中,肯定需要
的化学操作是________________(选填答案编号)。
D.1 L 1 mol·L-1的NaClO 溶液中含有ClO-的数目为NA
一种常见的半导体材料;Z的非金属性在同周期元素
中最强。下列说法正确的是
A.对应简单离子半径:X>W
B.对应气态氢化物的稳定性Y>Z
C.化合物XZW既含离子键,又含共价键
D.Y的氧化物能与Z的氢化物和X的最高价氧化物对应的水化物的溶液反应
在_______左右。
32.(16分)为探索工业含铝、铁、铜合金废料的再利用,甲同学设计的实验方案如下:
请回答:
(1(2)写出反应①的化学方程式
【英语】广东省肇庆市2014届高三3月第一次模拟考试
广东省肇庆市2014届高三3月第一次模拟考试英语试题本试卷满分135分。
考试用时120分钟注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔,将自己所在县(市、区)、姓名、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷上对应位置,再用2B铅笔将准考证号涂黑.2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能写在试卷或草稿纸上.3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再在答题区内写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效.I、语言知识及运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节:完型填空(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
About a month ago, while in the drive through at Starbucks, I noticed a woman in a car behind me who appeared to be having a bad day. There were two kids in the back who seemed to have too much1at 8 am on a Sunday morning, because they were shouting loudly. The 2 moved slowly and at one point while I was pulling the car forward, the sad woman behind me 3 my car. I could tell this 4 her. The entire time that I waited in line for my coffee this woman didn’t 5 .Looking back at her I could tell she was wondering “Why me? Why today?” When I 6 up and paid for my coffee I requested that the barista(咖啡吧员) of Starbucks give the woman behind me a smile card and paid for her coffee.Just 30 minutes ago I was again 7 in line at Starbucks. I heard a slam of a car door but thought nothing of it. I was 8 when the same woman came up to my driver’s side window. She 9 me a twenty-dollar bill and the same smile card I had given to her. She smiled and said, “These are for you. You are the 10 one who gave these to me 11 , right? All I need you to do is ask the barista to give the 12 back to me.”I t was amazing! It was as if this woman had been waiting to show her 13 for what I had done!When she got back into her 14 today she was all smiles. I could tell she had the same feeling as I had on that early Sunday morning. It was nice to have my coffee paid for, but what made me feel even better was seeing the happiness and smile on her face.As I pulled out of the drive-thru, she waved and yelled out, “Have a 15 day!”I yelled back “You too!” and waved her goodbye.1.A. force B. strength C. power D. energy2.A. line B. time C. sun D. bus3.A. knocked B. touched C. kicked D. watched4.A. excited B. calmed C. worried D. entertained5.A. apologize B. smile C. complain D. bother6.A. pulled B. looked C. turned D. walked7.A. standing B. waiting C. parking D. pacing8.A. amused B. confused C. disappointed D. shocked9.A. handed B. owed C. presented D. asked10.A. clever B. kind C. honest D. modest11.A. privately B. secretly C. originally D. totally12.A. card B. change C. bill D. coffeeB. respectC. desireD. appreciation13. A.consideration14.A. office B. home C. car D. room15.A. free B. quiet C. regular D. good第二节:语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为16—25的相应位置上。
广东省肇庆市2014届高三毕业班第一次模拟考试英语试题及答案
肇庆市2014届高三下学期3月第一次模拟考试英语试题本试卷共8页,满分135分。
考试用时120分钟注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔,将自己所在县(市、区)、姓名、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷上对应位置,再用2B铅笔将准考证号涂黑.2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能写在试卷或草稿纸上.3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再在答题区内写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效.I、语言知识及运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节:完型填空(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
About a month ago, while in the drive through at Starbucks, I noticed a woman in a car behind me who appeared to be having a bad day. There were two kids in the back who seemed to have too much1at 8 am on a Sunday morning, because they were shouting loudly. The 2moved slowly and at one point while I was pulling the car forward, the sad woman behind me 3 my car. I could tell this 4her. The entire time that I waited in line for my coffee this woman didn’t5.Looking back at her I could tell she was wondering “Why me? Why today?” When I 6up and paid for my coffee I requested that the barista(咖啡吧员) of Starbucks give the woman behind me a smile card and paid for her coffee.Just 30 minutes ago I was again 7in line at Starbucks. I heard a slam of a car door but thought nothing of it. I was 8 when the same woman came up to my driver’s side window. She9me a twenty-dollar bill and the same smile card I had given to her. She smiled and said, “These are for you. You are the 10one who gave these to me 11, right? All I need you to do is ask the barista to give the 12 back to me.” It was amazing! It was as if this woman had been waiting to show her 13 for what I had done!When she got back into her 14 today she was all smiles. I could tell she had the same feeling as I had on that early Sunday morning. It was nice to have my coffee paid for, but what made me feel even better was seeing the happiness and smile on her face.As I pulled out of the drive-thru, she waved and yelled out, “Have a 15 day!” I yelled back “You too!” and waved her goodbye.1.A. force B. strength C. power D. energy2.A. line B. time C. sun D. bus3.A. knocked B. touched C. kicked D. watched4.A. excited B. calmed C. worried D. entertained5.A. apologize B. smile C. complain D. bother6.A. pulled B. looked C. turned D. walked7.A. standing B. waiting C. parking D. pacing8.A. amused B. confused C. disappointed D. shocked9.A. handed B. owed C. presented D. asked10.A. clever B. kind C. honest D. modest11.A. privately B. secretly C. originally D. totally12.A. card B. change C. bill D. coffee13.A. consideration B. respect C. desire D. appreciation 14.A. office B. home C. car D. room15.A. free B. quiet C. regular D. good第二节:语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为16—25的相应位置上。
广东省肇庆市2014届高三物理毕业班第二次模拟考试试题粤教版
1V P O 1V P O 1V P O 1V试卷类型:A肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高中毕业班第二次模拟考试理科综合本试卷共12页,36小题,总分为300分,考试用时150分钟。
须知事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔,将自己所在县〔市、区〕、姓名、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷上对应位置,再用2B 铅笔将某某号涂黑.2. 选择题每一小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能写在试卷或草稿纸上.3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再在答题区内写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效. 可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-1213.PM2.5是指空气中直径等于或小于2.5微米的悬浮颗粒物,其漂浮在空中做无规如此运动,很难自然沉降到地面,吸入后会进入血液对人体形成危害。
矿物燃料燃烧的排放是形成PM2.5的主要原因。
如下关于PM2.5的说法中,正确的答案是 A .PM2.5的大小接近分子大小的数量级 B .PM2.5在空气中的运动属于分子热运动 C .温度越高,PM2.5的运动越激烈D .环境温度低于0℃时,PM2.5不具有内能14.现将一定质量的空气等温压缩,空气可视为理想气体。
如下图象能正确表示该过程中空 气的压强P 和体积V 关系的是15.如右图所示,有M 和N 两颗人造地球卫星,都环绕地球 做匀速圆周运动。
这两颗卫星相比拟 A .M 的线速度较小 B .M 的角速度较大C .M 的环绕周期较小D .M 的向心加速度较大16.如如下图所示,在载流直导线近旁固定有两平行光滑导轨A 、B ,导轨与直导线平行且在同一水平面内,在导轨上有两根可自由滑动的导体棒ab 和cd 。
当载流直导线中的电流逐渐 减弱时,导体棒ab 和cd 的运动情况是 IOO OOA B C DMNP一起向左运动 一起向右运动C .相向运动,相互靠近D .相背运动,相互远离双项选择题;本大题共9个小题,每一小题6分,共54分.在每一小题给出的四个选项中, 有二个选项符合题意.全选对得6分,只选一项且正确的得3分,有选错或不答的得0分. 17.人们发现,不同的原子核,其核子的平均质量〔原子核的质量 除以核子数〕与原子序数有如右图所示的关系。
广东省肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高三第一次模拟考试生物试题 Word版含解析
肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试理科综合1. 有关胰岛素从合成经修饰到具有活性的过程,下列哪一个细胞结构是没有参与的A.溶酶体B.核糖体C.高尔基体D.粗面内质网2. 慢跑和激烈奔跑,在消耗同样多葡萄糖的情况下,下列哪一种情况正确。
A.慢跑产生的能量更高B.激烈奔跑产生的能量更高C.产生的能量同样高D.无法判断3. 有丝分裂前期的细胞与减数分裂前期Ⅰ细胞的区别在于A.前者中染色体的含量是后者的一半B.前者中染色体的含量是后者的两倍C.减数分裂细胞中形成四分体D.有丝分裂细胞中形成四分体4. 如图是仓库里两种常见的害虫“拟谷盗”与“扁拟谷盗”的生态栖位偏好示意图,根据该图,下列哪些选项正确A.在干燥、低温条件下,拟谷盗有竞争优势B.在干燥、高温条件下,拟谷盗有竞争优势C.在潮湿、低温条件下,扁拟谷盗有竞争优势D.在潮湿、高温条件下,扁拟谷盗有竞争优势5. 为了验证胰岛素具有降低血糖含量的作用,在设计实验方案时,如果把正常小鼠每次注射药物前后症状的变化作为观察指标,则下列对实验组小鼠注射药物的正确顺序是A.先注射胰岛素,后注射葡萄糖溶液B.先注射葡萄糖溶液,再注射胰岛素C.先注射胰岛素,后注射生理盐水D.先注射生理盐水,后注射胰岛素6. 如图表示果酒和果醋制作过程中的物质变化过程,下列叙述正确的是A.过程①和②都只能发生在缺氧条件下B.过程①和③都发生在酵母细胞的线粒体中C.过程③和④都需要氧气的参与D.过程①~④所需的最适温度基本相同7. 已知人类的血友病患者是一种性染色体连锁的隐性遗传病,试根据系谱图,选出下面正确的选项。
(双选)A.血友病基因存在于人的X染色体上B.可以推算,Ⅰ这对夫妻以后所生的女孩,有可能出现血友病患者C.如果Ⅱ1与一血友病女性结婚,他的第一个孩子表现型为正常的概率是1/2D.如果Ⅱ1与一血友病女性结婚,他的第一个孩子表现型为正常的概率是1/48. “抗蛇毒血清”的生产方式是将减毒处理的蛇毒注射至马,重复几次此过程后,再从这些马的血液中获得“抗蛇毒血清”。
肇庆一模广东省肇庆市高三毕业班第一次模拟考试语文试题 扫描含答案
肇庆市2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试语文参考答案一、(12分,每小题3分。
)1. D(D tuān /chuài qí/jī qiáng/qiǎng;A gěng huì sào/sāo;B dú lài chèn/chēng;C niè Lì xìng/xīng )2. B (方兴未艾:形容事物正处于兴旺阶段或形势正在蓬勃发展,作褒义用。
此处应改为“层出不穷”。
)3.B(A“运动员”由“优秀选手”组成,搭配不当,“运动员”应改为“代表队”;C逻辑错误,前半句写“将访穗”,后面的两个“了”字就要删去;D句式杂糅,在“把”后面加“以”,“以……为重点”“把……作为重中之重”。
)4.D(A“乙醚”“鱼丸”是特殊称谓,要用双引号;B选择问句,在句末用问号,句中用逗号;C省略号不能与“等”“等等”同时用。
)二、(35分)5.(3分)B(聚敛)6.(3分)C(认为,动词;A表修饰/表目的;B助词“的”/代词,代指青苗法; D代词,他的/还是,表让步语气。
)7.(3分)A8.(3分)D(“赵瞻担心难以攻克,所以反对兴兵”有误,原文是以诚信为由反对兴兵。
)9.(1)(7分)①京东发生多起盗贼起事,赵瞻请求更换曹、濮两地没有才能的守臣,皇帝没有回应他的请求。
(数起、守臣之不才、报、句意各1分)②王安石想赵瞻协助自己,派他的党羽手下用知杂御史(的官职)诱引赵瞻。
(饵、以、句意各1分)(2)(3分)①今欲为长久计,爱养百姓,诚不便②若以为可回,宜为数岁之计,以缓民力(只要合乎题意,其它答案也可给分)10.(1)上阕出现的意象有:斜阳、青山、澄江。
(1分)春日傍晚在一道落日的红光映照下,远处的群山只有山峰依然现出点点苍翠之色,一望无际的长江烟波浩淼,清澄的江流舒展在天幕下,宛如一条素练。
这三句从大处远处着眼,状写黄昏时的江天澄静空阔的景象,共同构成了一幅宁静、空阔、幽婉的画面。
肇庆市届高三模拟数学试题及答案(理)
肇庆市中小学教学质量评估 2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试数 学(理科)第Ⅰ卷(共40分)一、选择题:本大题共8个小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知全集U ={-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6},集合M ={大于1-且小于4的整数},则=M C U ( )A .φB .{-2,-1,5,6}C .{0,1,2,3,4}D .{-2,-1,4,5,6}2.定义域为R 的四个函数21y x =+,3x y =, |1|y x =+,2cos y x =中,偶函数的个数是( )A .4B .3C .2D .13.设i 是虚数单位,1z i =+,z 为复数z 的共轭复数,则1z z z ⋅+-= ( )A 1B 3C .1D .1 【答案】A【解析】试题分析:由共轭复数概念可得1z i =-,则()()(2111111211z z z i i +-=+-++-==,故选A .考点:共轭复数 复数的模4.二项式91x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中3x 的系数是( )A .84B .-84C .126D .-1265.某四棱锥的三视图如图1所示(单位:cm ),则该四棱锥的体积是( )A .273cm B .93cm C .3cm D .3 3cm【答案】D【解析】试题分析:从三视图可以得到该几何体为四棱锥,且该四棱锥的底面为正方形且边长为3,从侧视图可得该四棱锥的高为1,所以该四棱锥的体积为133V Sh ==,故选D 考点:三视图 四棱锥体积6.若如图2所示的程序框图输出的S 是30,则在判断框中M 表示的“条件”应该是( )A .3n ≥ B .4n ≥ C .5n ≥ D .6n ≥【答案】B【解析】试题分析:首先执行程序到30S =,12340,01,0222,2263,62144,14230S n n S n S n S n S ====+===+===+===+=则应该填4n ≥,故选B . 考点:程序框图7.下列命题中,真命题是 ( )A .R x ∈∃0,00≤x e;B .R x ∈∀,22x x >;C .“1,1a b >>”是“1ab >”的充分不必要条件;D .设a ,b 为向量,则“||||||=⋅”是“b a //”的必要不充分条件 【答案】C【解析】试题分析:根据x y e =的值域为()0,+∞可得命题A 是假命题,当1x =-时,21212xx =<=,所以命题B是8.设向量),(21a a =,),(21b b =,定义一种向量积:),(),(),(22112121b a b a b b a a =⊗=⊗.已知向量)4,21(=m ,)0,6(π=n ,点P 在cos y x =的图象上运动,点Q 在()y f x =的图象上运动,且满足+⊗=(其中O 为坐标原点),则()y f x =在区间]3,6[ππ上的最大值是( ) A .4 B .2 C. D.第Ⅱ卷(共110分)二、填空题:本大题共7小题,考生作答6小题,每小题5分,满分30分. (一)必做题(9~13题) 9.函数232+-=x x y 的定义域为 ▲ .10.曲线1)(-=x e x f x在0x =处的切线方程为 ▲ .11.已知等比数列{}n a 满足122336a a a a +=+=,,则5a = ▲ . 【答案】16【解析】试题分析:因为{}n a 为等比数列,所以设数列的通项公式()110n n a a q q -=≠,则1112212311332166a a q a a q a a a a q a q +=+==⎧⎧⎧⇒⇒⎨⎨⎨=+=+=⎩⎩⎩,即12n n a -=,所以515216a -==,故填16. 考点:等比数列12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,P 为不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤--≥-+≤-0206303y x y x y 所表示的平面区域内一动点,则线段|OP |的最小值等于 ▲ . 【答案】5103 【解析】试题分析:根据线性规划知识画出不等式组表示的可行域如下,则可以判断OP 的最小距离的是过点O 做直线360x y +-=的垂线段,即min 105OP ===. 考点:线性规划 距离最小13.已知集合A ={4},B ={1,2},C ={1,3,5},从这三个集合中各取一个元素构成空间直角坐标系中的点的坐标,则确定的不同点的个数为 ▲ . 【答案】3314.(坐标系与参数方程选做题)已知曲线C 的极坐标方程为2ρ=(0,02ρθπ>≤< ),曲线C 在点(2,4π)处的切线为l ,以极点为坐标原点,以极轴为x 轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系,则l 的直角坐标方程为 ▲ .15.(几何证明选讲选做题)如图3,△ABC 的外角平分线AD 交外接圆于D ,若DB ,则DC = ▲ .【答案】3 【解析】三、解答题 (本大题共6小题,共80分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.) 16.(本小题满分12分) 已知向量)0),6(cos(π-=x ,)0,2(=,x R ∈,函数x f ⋅=)(.(1)求函数()f x 的表达式; (2)求()f π的值;(3)若56)32(=+παf ,)0,2(πα-∈,求(2)f α的值.17.(本小题满分13分)随机抽取某中学高一级学生的一次数学统测成绩得到一样本,其分组区间和频数是:[)60,50,2;[)70,60,7;[)80,70,10;[)90,80,x;[90,100],2. 其频率分布直方图受到破坏,可见部分如下图4所示,据此解答如下问题.(1)求样本的人数及x的值;(2)估计样本的众数,并计算频率分布直方图中[80,90)的矩形的高;(3)从成绩不低于80分的样本中随机选取2人,该2人中成绩在90分以上(含90分)的人数记为ξ,求ξ的数学期望.【答案】(1)4x =,样本人数为25 (2)75 0.016 (3)23【解析】试题分析:(1)由题意得,分数在[50,60)之间的频数为2, 频率为0.008100.08⨯=,(1分)所以样本人数为2250.08n ==(人) (2分) x 的值为25(27102)4x =-+++=(人). (4分)(2)从分组区间和频数可知,样本众数的估计值为75. (6分) 由(1)知分数在[80,90)之间的频数为4,频率为40.1625= (7分)所以频率分布直方图中[80,90)的矩形的高为0.160.01610= (8分) (3)成绩不低于80分的样本人数为4+2=6(人),成绩在90分以上(含90分)的人数为2人,所以ξ的取值为0,1,2. (9分)156)0(2624===C C P ξ,1142268(1)15C C P C ξ===,22261(2)15C P C ξ===,(10分) 所以ξ的分布列为:(11分)所以ξ的数学期望为68120121515153E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯= (13分) 考点:组合数 期望 分布列 频率分布直方图 18.(本小题满分13分)如图5,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,D、E 分别是BC 和1CC 的中点,已知AB =AC =AA 1=4,∠BAC =90︒.(1)求证:1B D ⊥平面AED ; (2)求二面角1B AE D --的余弦值; (3)求三棱锥1A B DE -的体积.【答案】(23)8 【解析】试题分析:法1:依题意,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系A -xyz .因为1AB AC AA ===4,所以A (0,0,0),B (4,0,0),E (0,4,2),D (2,2,0),B 1(4,0,4). (1分) (1))4,2,2(1--=B ,)0,2,2(=,)2,4,0(=. (2分) 因为00441=++-=⋅B ,所以1B D AD ⊥,即1B D AD ⊥. (3分) 因为08801=-+=⋅B ,所以B ⊥1,即AE D B ⊥1. (4分) 又AD 、AE ⊂平面AED ,且AD ∩AE =A ,故1B D ⊥平面AED . (5分) (2)由(1)知)4,2,2(1--=D B 为平面AED 的一个法向量. (6分) 设平面 B 1AE 的法向量为),,(z y x =,因为)2,4,0(=,)4,0,4(1=AB ,所以由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅001AB n ,得⎩⎨⎧=+=+044024z x z y ,令y =1,得x =2,z =-2.即)2,1,2(-=.(7分)∴662496||||,cos 111=⨯=⋅>=<D B n D B n , (8分)∴二面角1B AE D --的余弦值为6(9分)由(1)得,AD ⊥平面B 1BCC 1,又DE ⊂平面B 1BCC 1,所以AD ⊥DE . 在Rt △AED 中,5302=⋅=AE DE AD DM , (8分)在Rt △B 1DM 中,55122211=+=DM D B M B ,所以66cos 11==∠M B DM MD B ,即二面角B 1—AE —D (9分)19.(本小题满分14分)已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且满足21=a ,)1(1++=+n n S na n n . (1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式n a ; (2)设n T 为数列{n na 2}的前n 项和,求n T ; (3)设211++=n n n n a a a b ,证明:321321<++++n b b b b.(3)把(1)得到的n a n =带入()()122122n b n n n =++,观察n b 的通项公式为分式,为求其前n 项和可以考虑利用裂项求和法.进行裂项()()()()()111181216112n b n n n n n n n ⎡⎤==-⎢⎥+++++⎣⎦,在进行求和就可以得到n b 的前n项和为()()11321612n n -++,利用()()11612n n ++非负即可证明原不等式. 试题解析:所以n n n n T 221121121---=, (8分) 故1242n n n T -+=-. (9分) (3)由(1),得])2)(1(1)1(1[161)2(2)1(221++-+=+⋅+⋅=n n n n n n n b n (12分)))2)(1(1)1(1431321321211(161321++-+++⨯-⨯+⨯-⨯=++++n n n n b b b b n ))2)(1(121(161++-=n n (13分) 321)2)(1(161321<++-=n n . (14分)考点:裂项求和 错位相减 不等式 20.(本小题满分14分)设双曲线C :12222=-by a x (a >0,b >0)的一个焦点坐标为(3,0),离心率e = A 、B 是双曲线上的两点,AB 的中点M (1,2). (1)求双曲线C 的方程; (2)求直线AB 方程;(3)如果线段AB 的垂直平分线与双曲线交于C 、D 两点,那么A 、B 、C 、D 四点是否共圆?为什么?(1)依题意得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧===33a ce c ,解得a =1. (1分) 所以222312b c a =-=-=, (2分)故双曲线C 的方程为2212y x -=. (3分) (2)设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ,则有221122221212y x y x ⎧-=⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩. 两式相减得:121212121()()()()2x x x x y y y y -+=-+ , (4分) 由题意得12x x ≠,221=+x x ,421=+y y , (5分)所以1)(221212121=++=--y y x x x x y y ,即1=AB k . (6分)故直线AB 的方程为1y x =+. (7分)21.(本小题满分14分) 设函数3211()(0)32a f x x x ax a a -=+-->. (1)若函数)(x f 在区间(-2,0)内恰有两个零点,求a 的取值范围; (2)当a =1时,求函数)(x f 在区间[t ,t +3]上的最大值.【答案】(1)10,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭(2)⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-≤≤--->-<+++=)14(31)14(58331)(23maxt t t t t t x f 或 【解析】试题分析:(1)∵3211()(0)32a f x x x ax a a -=+--> ∴()2()1(1)()f x x a x a x x a '=+--=+-, (1分) 令()0f x '=,解得121,0x x a =-=> (2分) 当x 变化时,)(x f ',)(x f 的变化情况如下表:故函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为(-∞,-1),(a ,+∞);单调递减区间为(-1,a );(4分) 因此)(x f 在区间(-2,-1)内单调递增,在区间(-1,0)内单调递减,要使函数)(x f 在区间(2,0)-内恰有两个零点,当且仅当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<>-<-0)0(0)1(0)2(f f f , (5分)解得103a <<, 所以a 的取值范围是(0,31). (6分)(2)当a =1时,131)(3--=x x x f . 由(1)可知,函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为(-∞,-1),(1,+∞);单调递减区间为(-1,1);31)1()(-=-=f x f 极大值. (7分) ①当t +3<-1,即t <-4时,③当t +3>2,即t >-1时,由②得)(x f 在区间(]2,∞-上的最大值为31)1()2(-=-=f f . 因为)(x f 在区间(1,+∞)上单调递增,所以)2()3(f t f >+,故)(x f 在[],3t t +上的最大值为58331)3()(23m a x+++=+=t t t t f x f . (13分) 综上所述,当a =1时,)(x f 在[t ,t +3]上的最大值⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-≤≤--->-<+++=)14(31)14(58331)(23maxt t t t t t x f 或. (14分)考点:导数 最值 零点。
【试题】广东省肇庆中学2014届高三第一次月考语文试题及参考答案(精校WORD版)
【试题】广东省肇庆中学2014届高三第一次月考语文试题及参考答案【试题】广东省肇庆中学2014届高三第一次月考语文试题及参考答案尘世一书童广东省肇庆中学2014届高三第一次月考语文试题一、本大题共7小题(每题3分,共21分。
1.下列词语中加点字,每组读音都相同的一组是()(3分)A.星宿/乳臭搭讪/赡养费粗犷/旷日持久B.着实/酌量砾石/沥青路鞭挞/纷至沓来C.呜咽/奖掖瞋目/撑门面诘难/殚精竭虑D.蓄养/体恤锁钥/管弦乐迸发/屏气凝神2.下列词语中加点的字,读音有错误的一组是()(3分)A.孱()头国粹(cu)桀(ji)骜耸峙(zh)B.开凿(zu)描摹(m)揣(chui)测梦魇(yn)C.禁锢()房檩(ln)峪(y)口累(li)赘D.夔(ku)门青冢(zhn)款塞(si)攒(cun)射3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,恰当的一组是()(3分)老师和同学的误解让班长感到十分____,他把头扭向一边,不愿让同学们看见自己的眼泪。
发言人当即表示,中国中央政府愿意与台湾政府早日接触,在一个中国的___________,什么问题都可以谈。
他的诗作大多是关于爱情和人生的玄想,流露着凄惘和___________的色彩,但也有一些内容健康,格调明朗。
该公司去年曾有过一次违规不论,单说这一次查出的偷税款竟达几十万元,就该依法制裁。
A.委屈基础上神秘尚且B.委屈前提下神秘姑且C.委曲基础上神奇尚且D.委曲前提下神奇姑且4.下列语段中,加点的词语使用不恰当的一句是()(3分)网络谣言滋生于阴暗的环境,是经不起真相的照射的。
因此,及时公布真相,让一夜成名的造谣者一时名毁,急不可待。
当然,某些时候,真相公布后,谣言还在继续以讹传讹,真相成了孤家寡人,甚至真相与谣言相杂,混淆视听。
因此战胜网络谣言,还要在力度上下功夫。
A. 滋生B.急不可待C. 以讹传讹D. 混淆视听5. 下列句子没有语病的一句是()(3分)A.当西方学者普遍认为古希腊是现代文明之源,杜兰博士则认为欧洲大多数的发明是来自埃及和东方。
广东省肇庆市2014届高三毕业班第一次模拟考试数学理试题 Word版含答案
肇庆市中小学教学质量评估 2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试数 学(理科)本试卷共4页,21小题,满分150分. 考试用时120分钟.注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班别、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上.2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能写在试卷上.3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效. 参考公式: 锥体的体积公式13V Sh =,其中S 为锥体的底面积,h 为锥体的高. 一、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,满分40分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.已知全集U ={-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6},集合M ={大于1-且小于4的整数},则=M C UA .φB .{-2,-1,5,6}C .{0,1,2,3,4}D .{-2,-1,4,5,6}2.定义域为R 的四个函数21y x =+,3x y =,|1|y x =+,2cos y x =中,偶函数的个数是A .4B .3C .2D .1 3.设i 是虚数单位,1z i =+,z 为复数z 的共轭复数,则1z z z ⋅+-=A 1B 3C .1D .14.二项式91x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中3x 的系数是A .84B .-84C .126D .-1265.某四棱锥的三视图如图1所示(单位:cm ),则该四棱锥的体积是A .273cm B .93cmC .3cmD .3 3cm6.若如图2所示的程序框图输出的S 是30,则在判断框中M 表示的“条件”应该是 A .3n ≥ B .4n ≥ C .5n ≥ D .6n ≥ 7.下列命题中,真命题是A .R x ∈∃0,00≤x e;B .R x ∈∀,22x x>;C .“1,1a b >>”是“1ab >”的充分不必要条件;D .设a ,b 为向量,则“||||||=⋅”是“b a //”的必要不充分条件 8.设向量),(21a a =,),(21b b =,定义一种向量积:),(),(),(22112121b a b a b b a a b a =⊗=⊗.已知向量)4,21(=,)0,6(π=,点P 在cos y x =的图象上运动,点Q 在()y f x =的图象上运动,且满足n OP m OQ +⊗=(其中O 为坐标原点),则()y f x =在区间]3,6[ππ上的最大值是A .4B .2 C. D.二、填空题:本大题共7小题,考生作答6小题,每小题5分,满分30分. (一)必做题(9~13题) 9.函数232+-=x x y 的定义域为 ▲ .10.曲线1)(-=x e x f x在0x =处的切线方程为 ▲ .11.已知等比数列{}n a 满足122336a a a a +=+=,,则5a = ▲ .12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,P 为不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤--≥-+≤-0206303y x y x y 所表示的平面区域内一动点,则线段|OP |的最小值等于 ▲ .13.已知集合A ={4},B ={1,2},C ={1,3,5},从这三个集合中各取一个元素构成空间直角坐标系中的点的坐标,则确定的不同点的个数为 ▲.( ) ▲14.(坐标系与参数方程选做题)已知曲线C 的极坐标方程为2ρ=(0,02ρθπ>≤< ),曲线C 在点(2,4π)处的切线为l ,以极点为坐标原点,以极轴为x 轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系,则l 的直角坐标方程为 ▲ .15.(几何证明选讲选做题)如图3,△ABC 的外角平分线AD交外接圆于D,若DB =DC = ▲ .三、解答题:本大题共6小题,满分80分. 解答须写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤. 16.(本小题满分12分)已知向量)0),6(cos(π-=x m ,)0,2(=n ,x R ∈,函数n m x f ⋅=)(.(1)求函数()f x 的表达式; (2)求()f π的值; (3)若56)32(=+παf ,)0,2(πα-∈,求(2)f α的值. 17.(本小题满分13分)随机抽取某中学高一级学生的一次数学统测成绩得到一样本,其分组区间和频数是:[)60,50,2;[)70,60,7;[)80,70,10;[)90,80,x ;[90,100],2. 其频率分布直方图受到破坏,可见部分如下图4所示,据此解答如下问题.(1)求样本的人数及x 的值;(2)估计样本的众数,并计算频率分布直 方图中[80,90)的矩形的高;(3)从成绩不低于80分的样本中随机选 取2人,该2人中成绩在90分以上(含90分) 的人数记为ξ,求ξ的数学期望. 18.(本小题满分13分)如图5,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,D 、E 分别 是BC 和1CC 的中点,已知AB =AC =AA 1=4,∠BAC =90︒.(1)求证:1B D ⊥平面AED ; (2)求二面角1B AE D --的余弦值; (3)求三棱锥1A B DE -的体积. 19.(本小题满分14分)已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且满足21=a ,)1(1++=+n n S na n n . (1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式n a ;(2)设n T 为数列{n na 2}的前n 项和,求n T ; (3)设211++=n n n n a a a b ,证明:321321<++++n b b b b . 20.(本小题满分14分)设双曲线C :12222=-by a x (a >0,b >0)的一个焦点坐标为(3,0),离心率e =A 、B 是双曲线上的两点,AB 的中点M (1,2).(1)求双曲线C 的方程; (2)求直线AB 方程;(3)如果线段AB 的垂直平分线与双曲线交于C 、D 两点,那么A 、B 、C 、D 四点是否共圆?为什么?21.(本小题满分14分)设函数3211()(0)32a f x x x ax a a -=+-->. (1)若函数)(x f 在区间(-2,0)内恰有两个零点,求a 的取值范围; (2)当a =1时,求函数)(x f 在区间[t ,t +3]上的最大值.肇庆市2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试数学(理科)参考答案及评分标准一、选择题二、填空题9.(][)+∞∞-,21, 10.012=++y x 11.16 12.5103 13.33 14.022=-+y x 15.3三、解答题16.(本小题满分12分) 解:(1)∵)0),6(cos(π-=x ,)0,2(=,x R ∈,∴)6cos(2)(π-=⋅=x x f ,即函数)6cos(2)(π-=x x f . (3分)(2)()2cos 2cos 66f ππππ⎛⎫=-=-= ⎪⎝⎭ (6分) (3)∵απαππαπαsin 2)2cos(2)632cos(2)32(-=+=-+=+f , 又56)32(=+παf ,∴56sin 2=-α,即3sin 5α=-. (7分)∵)0,2(πα-∈,∴4cos 5α===. (8分)∴3424sin 22sin cos 25525ααα⎛⎫==⨯-⨯=- ⎪⎝⎭, (9分)2247cos 22cos 121525αα⎛⎫=-=⨯-= ⎪⎝⎭. (10分)∴(2)2cos 22cos 2cos 2sin 2sin 666f πππαααα⎛⎫=-=+ ⎪⎝⎭ (11分)24122222557⎛⎫=⨯+⨯-⨯= ⎪⎝⎭ (12分)17.(本小题满分13分)解:(1)由题意得,分数在[50,60)之间的频数为2, 频率为0.008100.08⨯=,(1分) 所以样本人数为2250.08n ==(人) (2分) x 的值为25(27102)4x =-+++=(人). (4分)(2)从分组区间和频数可知,样本众数的估计值为75. (6分) 由(1)知分数在[80,90)之间的频数为4,频率为40.1625= (7分) 所以频率分布直方图中[80,90)的矩形的高为0.160.01610= (8分) (3)成绩不低于80分的样本人数为4+2=6(人),成绩在90分以上(含90分)的人数为2人,所以ξ的取值为0,1,2. (9分)156)0(2624===C C P ξ,1142268(1)15C C P C ξ===,22261(2)15C P C ξ===,(10分) 所以ξ的分布列为:(11分)所以ξ的数学期望为68120121515153E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯= (13分)18.(本小题满分13分) 方法一:依题意,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系A -xyz . 因为1AB AC AA ===4,所以A (0,0,0), B (4,0,0),E (0,4,2),D (2,2,0), B 1(4,0,4). (1分)(1))4,2,2(1--=D B ,)0,2,2(=AD ,)2,4,0(=AE . (2分)因为00441=++-=⋅B ,所以1B D AD ⊥,即1B D AD ⊥. (3分)因为08801=-+=⋅AE D B ,所以AE D B ⊥1,即AE D B ⊥1. (4分) 又AD 、AE ⊂平面AED ,且AD ∩AE =A ,故1B D ⊥平面AED . (5分) (2)由(1)知)4,2,2(1--=B 为平面AED 的一个法向量. (6分) 设平面 B 1AE 的法向量为),,(z y x n =,因为)2,4,0(=AE ,)4,0,4(1=AB ,所以由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅001AB n ,得⎩⎨⎧=+=+044024z x z y ,令y =1,得x =2,z =-2.即)2,1,2(-=n .(7分)∴662496||||,cos 111=⨯=⋅>=<D B n B , (8分) ∴二面角1B AE D --的余弦值为6. (9分) (3)由)0,2,2(=,)2,2,2(-=,得0=⋅,所以AD ⊥DE . (10分)由22||=,32||=,得62322221=⨯⨯=∆ADE S . (11分) 由(1)得B 1D 为三棱锥B 1-ADE 的高,且62||1=D B , (12分) 所以862623111=⨯⨯==--ADE B DE B A V V . (13分) 方法二:依题意得,1AA ⊥平面ABC ,242211=+==AC AB BC C B ,22===CD BD AD ,411==CC BB ,21==EC EC .(1)∵AB AC =,D 为BC 的中点,∴AD ⊥BC . ∵B 1B ⊥平面ABC ,AD ⊂平面ABC ,∴AD ⊥B 1B .BC 、B 1B ⊂平面B 1BCC 1,且BC ∩B 1B =B ,所以AD ⊥平面B 1BCC 1.又B 1D ⊂平面B 1BCC 1,故B 1D ⊥AD . (2分)由362121121=+=EC C B E B ,2422121=+=BD B B D B ,12222=+=EC DC DE , 得22121DE D B E B +=,所以DE D B ⊥1. (4分) 又AD 、DE ⊂平面AED ,且AD ∩DE =E ,故1B D ⊥平面AED . (5分) (2)过D 做DM ⊥AE 于点M ,连接B 1M . 由B 1D ⊥平面AED ,AE ⊂平面AED ,得AE ⊥B 1D .又B 1D 、DM ⊂平面B 1DM ,且B 1D ∩DM =D ,故AE ⊥平面B 1DM . 因为B 1M ⊂平面B 1DM ,所以B 1M ⊥AE .故∠B 1MD 为二面角B 1—AE —D 的平面角. (7分) 由(1)得,AD ⊥平面B 1BCC 1,又DE ⊂平面B 1BCC 1,所以AD ⊥DE . 在Rt △AED 中,5302=⋅=AE DE AD DM , (8分) 在Rt △B 1DM 中,55122211=+=DM D B M B ,所以66cos 11==∠M B DM MD B ,即二面角B 1—AE —D . (9分) (3)由(1)得,AD ⊥平面B 1BCC 1,所以AD 为三棱锥A -B 1DE 的高,且22=AD . (10分) 由(1)得263262212111=⨯⨯=⋅=∆DE D B S DE B . (11分) 故82226313111=⨯⨯=⋅=∆-AD S V DE B DE B A . (13分)19.(本小题满分14分)解:(1)由题意,当2n ≥时,有⎩⎨⎧-+=-++=-+n n S a n n n S na n n n n )1()1()1(11, (1分)两式相减得1(1)2,n n n na n a a n +--=+ 即12n n a a +-=. (2分)由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+==1112122aS S a a ,得212=-a a . 所以对一切正整数n ,有12n n a a +-=, (3分) 故n n a a n 2)1(21=-+=,即)(2*N n n a n ∈=. (4分) (2)由(1),得12222-==n n n n nn a , 所以12223221-++++=n n nT ① (5分) ①两边同乘以12,得21112122222n n n n nT --=++++ ② (6分)①-②,得n n n nT 221212112112-++++=- , (7分)所以n nn n T 221121121---=, (8分) 故1242n n n T -+=-. (9分)(3)由(1),得])2)(1(1)1(1[161)2(2)1(221++-+=+⋅+⋅=n n n n n n n b n (12分)))2)(1(1)1(1431321321211(161321++-+++⨯-⨯+⨯-⨯=++++n n n n b b b b n ))2)(1(121(161++-=n n (13分) 321)2)(1(161321<++-=n n . (14分)20.(本小题满分14分)解:(1)依题意得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧===33a c e c ,解得a =1. (1分) 所以222312b c a =-=-=, (2分) 故双曲线C 的方程为2212y x -=. (3分) (2)设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y ,则有221122221212y x y x ⎧-=⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩. 两式相减得:121212121()()()()2x x x x y y y y -+=-+ , (4分) 由题意得12x x ≠,221=+x x ,421=+y y , (5分) 所以1)(221212121=++=--y y x x x x y y ,即1=AB k . (6分) 故直线AB 的方程为1y x =+. (7分)(3)假设A 、B 、C 、D 四点共圆,且圆心为P . 因为AB 为圆P 的弦,所以圆心P 在AB 垂直平分线CD 上;又CD 为圆P 的弦且垂直平分AB ,故圆心P 为CD 中点M . (8分) 下面只需证CD 的中点M 满足|MA |=|MB |=|MC |=|MD |即可. 由22112y x y x =+⎧⎪⎨-=⎪⎩得:A (-1,0),B (3,4). (9分)由(1)得直线CD 方程:3y x =-+, (10分) 由22312y x y x =-+⎧⎪⎨-=⎪⎩得:C (-3+52,6-52),D (-3-52,6+52), (11分) 所以CD 的中点M (-3,6). (12分) 因为102364||=+=MA ,102436||=+=MB ,1022020||=+=MC ,1022020||=+=MD , (13分) 所以||||||||MD MC MB MA ===,即 A 、B 、C 、D 四点在以点M (-3,6)为圆心,102为半径的圆上. (14分)21.(本小题满分14分)解:(1)∵3211()(0)32a f x x x ax a a -=+--> ∴()2()1(1)()f x x a x a x x a '=+--=+-, (1分)令()0f x '=,解得121,0x x a =-=> (2分) 当x 变化时,)(x f ',)(x f 的变化情况如下表:故函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为(-∞,-1),(a ,+∞);单调递减区间为(-1,a );(4分) 因此)(x f 在区间(-2,-1)内单调递增,在区间(-1,0)内单调递减,要使函数)(x f 在区间(2,0)-内恰有两个零点,当且仅当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<>-<-0)0(0)1(0)2(f f f , (5分)解得103a <<, 所以a 的取值范围是(0,31). (6分) (2)当a =1时,131)(3--=x x x f . 由(1)可知,函数)(x f 的单调递增区间为(-∞,-1),(1,+∞);单调递减区间为(-1,1);31)1()(-=-=f x f 极大值. (7分) ①当t +3<-1,即t <-4时,因为)(x f 在区间[t ,t +3]上单调递增,所以)(x f 在区间[t ,t +3]上的最大值为583311)3()3(31)3()(233m ax +++=-+-+=+=t t t t t t f x f ; (9分) ②当231≤+≤-t ,即14-≤≤-t 时,因为)(x f 在区间(]1,-∞-上单调递增,在区间[-1,1]上单调递减,在区间[1,2]上单调递增,且31)1()2(-=-=f f ,所以)(x f 在区间(]2,∞-上的最大值为31)1()2(-=-=f f . (10分) 由231≤+≤-t ,即14-≤≤-t 时,有[t ,t +3]⊂ (]2,∞-,-1∈[t ,t +3],所以)(x f 在[,3]t t +上的最大值为31)1()(m ax -=-=f x f ; (11分) ③当t +3>2,即t >-1时,由②得)(x f 在区间(]2,∞-上的最大值为31)1()2(-=-=f f . 因为)(x f 在区间(1,+∞)上单调递增,所以)2()3(f t f >+,故)(x f 在[],3t t +上的最大值为58331)3()(23m ax +++=+=t t t t f x f . (13分) 综上所述,当a =1时,)(x f 在[t ,t +3]上的最大值⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-≤≤--->-<+++=)14(31)14(58331)(23max t t t t t t x f 或. (14分)。
【解析版】广东省肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高三第一次模拟考试生物试题
肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高中毕业班第一次模拟考试理科综合1. 有关胰岛素从合成经修饰到具有活性的过程,下列哪一个细胞结构是没有参与的A.溶酶体B.核糖体C.高尔基体D.粗面内质网2. 慢跑和激烈奔跑,在消耗同样多葡萄糖的情况下,下列哪一种情况正确。
A.慢跑产生的能量更高B.激烈奔跑产生的能量更高C.产生的能量同样高D.无法判断3. 有丝分裂前期的细胞与减数分裂前期Ⅰ细胞的区别在于A.前者中染色体的含量是后者的一半B.前者中染色体的含量是后者的两倍C.减数分裂细胞中形成四分体D.有丝分裂细胞中形成四分体4. 如图是仓库里两种常见的害虫“拟谷盗”与“扁拟谷盗”的生态栖位偏好示意图,根据该图,下列哪些选项正确A.在干燥、低温条件下,拟谷盗有竞争优势B.在干燥、高温条件下,拟谷盗有竞争优势C.在潮湿、低温条件下,扁拟谷盗有竞争优势D.在潮湿、高温条件下,扁拟谷盗有竞争优势5. 为了验证胰岛素具有降低血糖含量的作用,在设计实验方案时,如果把正常小鼠每次注射药物前后症状的变化作为观察指标,则下列对实验组小鼠注射药物的正确顺序是A.先注射胰岛素,后注射葡萄糖溶液B.先注射葡萄糖溶液,再注射胰岛素C.先注射胰岛素,后注射生理盐水D.先注射生理盐水,后注射胰岛素6. 如图表示果酒和果醋制作过程中的物质变化过程,下列叙述正确的是A.过程①和②都只能发生在缺氧条件下B.过程①和③都发生在酵母细胞的线粒体中C.过程③和④都需要氧气的参与D.过程①~④所需的最适温度基本相同7. 已知人类的血友病患者是一种性染色体连锁的隐性遗传病,试根据系谱图,选出下面正确的选项。
(双选)A.血友病基因存在于人的X染色体上B.可以推算,Ⅰ这对夫妻以后所生的女孩,有可能出现血友病患者C.如果Ⅱ1与一血友病女性结婚,他的第一个孩子表现型为正常的概率是1/2D.如果Ⅱ1与一血友病女性结婚,他的第一个孩子表现型为正常的概率是1/48. “抗蛇毒血清”的生产方式是将减毒处理的蛇毒注射至马,重复几次此过程后,再从这些马的血液中获得“抗蛇毒血清”。
广东省肇庆市2014届高三阶段性统一检测(一)语文试题.doc
广东省肇庆市2014届高三阶段性统一检测(一)语文试题下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是()A.媲美/包庇回溯/塑料花圈/圈养大阪/皈依B.感喟/慰藉盘桓/城垣模样/模仿悲恸/恫吓C.纨绔/跨越市侩/污秽强迫/倔强粳米/菁华D.痉挛/靓妆噱头/戏谑开拓/拓本档案/当铺【答案解析】BA.pì/bìsùquān/juànbǎn/guīB.kuì/wèihu án/yuánmú/mótòng/dòngC.kù/kuàkuài/huìqiǎng/jiàngjīngD.jìngxué/xuètuò/tàdàng2下列词语中没有错别字的一组是()A.雍容经典韬光养晦筚路蓝缕,以起山林B.安详遐思薪尽火传二人同心,其利断金C.跨越振辐秘而不宣合抱之木,生于毫末D.坐阵砥砺学以致用壁立千仞,无欲则刚【答案解析】B“筚路蓝缕,以起山林”中的“起”应为“启”,意思是说驾着柴车,穿着破旧的衣服去开辟山林,形容创业的艰难;“振辐”中的“辐”应为“幅”,意思是“幅度”;“坐阵”中的“阵”应为“镇”,意思是“亲自在某个地方镇守,也用于比喻”。
3依次填入下列横线处的词语,恰当的一组是()水为天地至柔之物,却着不尽的力量,河中圆圆的鹅卵石就是明证。
治水,不二法门是,不违其本性,不悖大自然的规律。
同样是征服,鲧以刚治之,终究大业未成,送了自己身家性命;而禹以柔治之,最终降伏洪魔,造福苍生。
A.孕育因地制宜妄想反而B.蕴含因势利导希望却C.蕴含因势利导妄想反而D.孕育因地制宜希望却【答案解析】C(蕴含:包含;孕育:怀胎生育,比喻既存的事物中酝酿着新事物。
因势利导:顺着事情的发展趋势加以引导;因地制宜:根据不同地区的具体情况规定适宜的方法。
肇庆市2014届高中毕业班第二次模拟考试(理综)
试卷类型:A肇庆市中小学教学质量评估2014届高中毕业班第二次模拟考试理科综合本试卷共12页,36小题,满分300分,考试用时150分钟。
注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔,将自己所在县(市、区)、姓名、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷上对应位置,再用2B铅笔将准考证号涂黑.2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,答案不能写在试卷或草稿纸上.3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再在答题区内写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效.可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12一、单项选择题:本大题共16小题,每题小4分,共64分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求,选对的得4分,有选错或不答的得0分。
1.下列各项均是有关显微镜操作的表述,其中错误..的操作是A.标本染色较深,应选用凹面反光镜和大光圈B.将位于视野内左上方的图像移向中央,应向左上方移动装片C.若转换高倍物镜观察,需先升高镜筒,以免镜头碰坏装片D.转换高倍物镜之前,应先将所要观察的图像移到视野的正中央2.下列哪一种来源的细胞其分化能力最强A.骨髓干细胞B.胚胎干细胞C.造血干细胞D.神经干纽胞3.病毒H1N1亚型是第一个被鉴定出的流行性感冒病毒,之后即不断地有新亚型的报道。
下图为流行性感冒病毒构造示意图,其中甲(简称H)与病毒进入细胞有关;乙(简称N)则与病毒粒子出细胞有关。
抗病毒药物―达菲‖(Oseltamivir)主要是抑制乙的作用。
问―达菲‖主要是阻断该病毒增殖时的哪一过程A.病毒入侵细胞B.病毒的核酸复制C.病毒粒子的组装D.子病毒释出细胞4.下列哪一项属于次生演替A.冲积平原的形成B.裸岩的风化C.天然湖泊的淤积D.荒化的农地甲血球凝集素乙神经氨酸酶丙遗传物质丁套膜5.下列关于神经系统及其调节的叙述,正确的是A.切除下丘脑的动物丧失血糖调节能力B.调节人体生理活动的高级神经中枢是下丘脑C.机体对刺激作出迅速反应的调节属于神经调节D.先天性行为与神经系统的调节作用无直接关系6.从前科学家在研究疟疾时,认为:①.疟疾可能和污水有关;②.排除污水,当可防止疟疾;③.若干地区的人们设法清除湿地,这些地区的疟疾患者大为减少。
2014年广东省肇庆市高考英语模拟试卷含答案
2014年广东省肇庆市高考英语模拟试卷完型填空(共1小题,每小题30分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.1. About a month ago, while in the drive through at Starbucks, I noticed a woman in a car b ehind me who appeared to be having a bad day.There were two kids in the back who seem ed to have too much(1)________at 8am on a Sunday morning, because they were shouting loudly.The(2)________moved slowly and at one point while I was pulling the car forward, the sad woman be hind me(3)________my car.I could tell this(4)________her.The entire time that I waited in line for my coffee this woman didn't(5)________.Looking back at her I could tell she was wondering"Why me? Why today? "When I(6)________up and paid for my coffee I requested that the barista(咖啡吧员) of Starbucks give the woman behind me a smile card and paid for her coffee.Just 30minutes later I was again(7)________in line at Starbucks.I heard a slam of a car door but thought nothing of it.I was(8)________when the same woman came up to my driver's side window.She(9)________me a twenty-dollar bill and the same smile card I had given to her.She smiled and said, "These are for yo u.You are the(10)________one who gave these to me(11)________, right? All I need you to do is ask the barista to give the(12)________back to me."It was amazing!It was as if this woman had been waiting to show her (13)________for what I had done!When she got back into her(14)________today she was all smiles.I could tell she had the same feeling as I had on that early S unday morning.It was nice to have my coffee paid for, but what made me feel even better w as seeing the happiness and smile on her face.As I pulled out of the drive-thru, she waved and yelled out, "Have a(15)________day!"I yelled back"You too!"and waved her goodbye.(1)A forceB strengthC powerD energy(2)A lineB timeC sunD bus(3)A knockedB touchedC kickedD watched(4)A excitedB calmedC worried D(5)A apologizeB smileC complainD bother(6)A pulledB lookedC turnedD walked(7)A standingB waitingC parkingD pacing(8)A amusedB confusedC disappointedD shocked(9)A handedB owedC presentedD asked(10)A cleverB kindC honestD modest(11)A privatelyB secretlyC originallyD totally(12)A cardB changeC billD coffee(13)A considerationB respectC desireD appreciation(14)A officeB homeC carD room(15)A freeB quietC regularD good二、语法填空(共1小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)2. 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为1-10的相应位置上.Cons(欺骗) happen a lot in our society.It can be hard to know who is really in need and who is try ing to exploit(探测) other people's(1)______(kind).Recently,I was finishing my work at home(2)______the dog barked,letting me know someone was at the gate.I rushed to see who(3)______was and there I saw a poor,fragile woman in her late fifties.This woman told me a story,"My husband and I live in a slum nearby.We earn (4)______living working at construction sites.A few days ago my husband fell down the stairs w hile(5)______(carry) a heavy load.He was badly hurt and he(6)______(lie) in bed with a high temperature for the past five days.Please help me!I need to take my husband to a doctor!''I felt really bad about her situation (7)______ was she telling me the truth or trying to cheat me for money?However,I went out with fifty dollars and handed it to her.(8)______moment she got the money she burst(9)______tears.She took my hand and said,"Thank you so much!"From her tears I was able to figure that she was really in need of help.I(10)______(move) and went back to my work smiling.三、阅读理解(共5小题,每小题10分,满分50分)3. My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields.I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick.For 1 a day, I w orked eight hours straight, with no food breaks.It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons.Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and w ork as hard as I could.I've never been late for any job since.I also learned about being res pectful and faithful to the people you work for.More importantly, I earned my pay, it never entered my mind to say I was sick just because I didn't want to work.I was only six years old, but I was doing a man's job.Our family needed every dollar we co uld make because my father never earned more than $18 a week.Our home was a three-room wood shack with a dirty floor and no toilet.Nothing made me prouder than bringing home money to help my mother, father, two brothers and three sisters.This gave me self-esteem(自尊心), one of the most important things a person could have.When I was seven, I got work at a golf course near our house.My job was to stand down t he fairway and spot the balls as they landed, so the golfers could find them.Losing a ball me ant you were fired, so I never missed one.Some nights I would lie in bed and dream of maki ng thousands of dollars by playing golf and being able to buy a bicycle.The more I dreamed, the more I thought.Why not? I made my first golf club out of guava l imb (番石榴树枝) and a piece of pipe.Then I hammered an empty tin can into the shape of a ball.And fi nally I dug two small holes in the ground and hit the ball back and forth.I practiced with the same devotion and intensity.I learned working in the field---except now I was driving golf balls with club, not oxen with a broomstick.(1)The writer's first job was________.A to stand down the fairway at the golf course.B to watch over the sugar-cane plantation. C to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. D to spot the b alls as they landed so the golfers could find them.(2)The underlined word"tedious"in Paragraph 2 most probably means________.A difficult.B boring.C interesting.D unusual.(3)The writer learned that________ from his first job.A he should work for those who he liked most.B he should work longer than what he was expected.C he should never fail to say hello to his owner.D he should show r espect and faith to the people he worked for.(4)________ gave the writer self-esteem.A Having a family of eight people.B Owning his own golf course.C Bringing mon ey back home to help the family.D Helping his father with the work on the plantation.(5)Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage________?A He wanted to be a successful golfer.B He wanted to run a golf course near his house .C He was satisfied with the job he got on a plantation.D He wanted to make mo ney by guiding oxen with a broomstick.4. Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their o rigin in history.Dubos (1969)suggested that primitive(原始的)humans were closer to the animals because they, too, relied upon their instincts to stay healt hy.Yet some primitive humans recognized a cause and effect relationship between doing ce rtain things and alleviating(减轻)symptoms of a disease or improving the condition of a wound.Since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body, magic became an i ntegral component of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders.So it is not surprising that early humans thought that illness was caused by evil spirits.Primitive medi cines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual (礼仪) to drive harmful spirits away from a diseased body.One of the earliest attempts in the Western world to formulate principles of health care bas ed upon rational thought and rejection of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of th e Greek physician Hippocrates.Little is known of Hippocrates who lived around 400B.C., not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name.Nevert heless, the writings attributed to him have provided a number of principles underlying mode rn medical practice.One of his most famous contributions, the Hippocratic Oath, is the foun dation of contemporary medical ethics (道德).Among other things, it requires a physician to swear that he or she will help the sick, ke ep oneself from intentional wrong-doing or harm, and keep secret all matters to keep the doctor-patient relationship.Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived(源自于)from an understanding of the natural sciences and the logic of cause and effect relationships .In this classic thesis, On Airs, Waters, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human-being is influenced by the totality of environmental factors: living habits or lifestyle, climate,geography of the land, and the quality of air and food.Interesting enough, concerns about o ur health and the quality of air, water, and places are still very much written in the twentieth century.(1)The topic of the first paragraph is summarized in________.A the first sentence of the paragraph.B the second sentence of the paragraph.C th e third sentence of the paragraph.D the last sentence of the paragraph.(2)Why did primitive humans rely on magic in their beliefs about the causes and cures of diseas es________?A Because magic was an inseparable part of their life.B Because they had little knowle dge about the functioning of the body.C Because the diseases were caused by the evil s pirits.D Because magic must be used in going through the rituals to drive out the evil s pirits.(3)Considering Hippocrates'background,we can see from the second paragraph that________.A he was the forefather of modern medicine.B experts are sure that the books bearing his name were not written by him.C he had a rational mind aided by supernatural inst incts.D experts do not know much about him except when and where he lived.(4)All of the following are included in the Hippocratic Oath EXCEPT________.A helping patients.B keeping oneself from harming patients.C keeping secret all matters to maintain a good relationship with the patients.D obeying rules for modern medicine practice.(5)Which of the following best expressed the main idea of the last paragraph?________A Doctor's concerns remain unchanged.B Medicine comes from nature.C Enviro nment affects health.D Climate determines lifestyle.5. Governments all over the world make public reports about the condition of their econo mies.Most countries, including the United States, have used a measure called the gross nati onal product (国民生产总值)or GNP.It includes all goods and services produced by citizens of the country anywhere in t he world.Recently the American Commerce Department has started using a new method to measure production.It is known as the gross domestic product(国内生产总值)or GDP.It counts only goods and services that have been produced within the nation's bord ers.Money earned by foreign companies operating in the United States is included in the G DP, but money earned by American companies operating in other countries is not.Economic experts generally approve of the change.They say that the gross domestic prod uct provides a truer measure of the economy.They also note that most other industrial cou ntries use this method.Therefore it will be easier to study the economies of different countries.Some officials also hope the new system will help them make better economic policy de cisions.It will provide them with a clearer understanding of economic activity in the U.S.. The new measure is less likely to be affected by sudden changes in foreign oil prices or in the value of the American dollar in other countries.Economic experts believe that the change from GNP to GDP will immediately reduce the va lue of American production by at least 40, 000million dollars a year.But that is really a very small change in the American economy-less than 1%.The Commerce Department reports the unofficial gross domestic product onc e every three months.The government also continues to report GNP as it has four times a y ear since 1941.(1)To report the American GNP,the government should not consider goods and services produced________.A by American companies at home.B by American companies in China.C by Ameri can companies in Singapore.D by Japanese companies in the United States.(2)To report the American GDP,the Commerce Department should count money earned________.A by both American and foreign companies in America.B by American companies with in its own borders.C by foreign companies in the United States.D by American c ompanies in its foreign markets.(3)GDP is considered better than GNP by some economists because________.A it is something new.B it is used by most countries.C it is easier to calculate.D it is less likely to be affected by the foreign market.(4)What will happen to the value of American economy if GDP is used to replace GNP?________A It will be seriously affected.B It will not be affected.C It will come down a littl e.D It will slightly go up.(5)How often are the reports of GDP issued by the American Commerce Department?________A once every four months.B once every three months.C once every six months.D once a year.6. Donna is 19 years old and loves animals, which is why I'm always happy to leave my dog with her when I go on holiday.Donna also helps to train hunting dogs, but recently, her boyf riend told me, she returned home from a farm in tears after being told to hit some dogs."She wasn't being asked to hit them because they didn't behave well, "he said."She was to ld to punch these puppies with a closed fist simply to let them know who is the boss, "Donna refused.Good for Donna.In my view, you hit an animal for only two reasons: as a way to te ach it an important lesson to protect it from danger, such as not into the road; or because yo u like hurting animals.Last summer, I attended a horse race.I don't know much about horses, but I was alarmed when I saw a horse with a huge ulcer (溃疡) on its legs."Surely this horse won't race? "I asked.I was very surprised that nobody in the crowd seemed concerned.The horse began the race, but later it fell heavily.It had broken its leg.The next thing I s aw was its dead body in a bag, being driven past.No one seemed to care, except those who had bet on it.I know people care for horse racing, but do they really care for horses? I doubt it.Oh, but it's a tradition, I hear you say.Wouldn't the world be a boring place if we didn't oc casionally hit, shoot and chase animals? Traditions are made by man and can be unmade.It was once acceptable to kill servants when their master died, to visit the mental hospitals to l augh at the patients or to watch public execution (执行死刑).Nor should it be forgotten that in our progress to a more civilized world, animals have play ed an important role: they have fed us, carried us, worked for us, rescued us, died for us and s ometimes just saved us from loneliness.Surely by now they deserve our kindness.At the v ery least, they deserve our respect.(1)Donna was asked to hit the young dogs because________.A they misbehaved.B their owner disliked them.C people on the farm enjoy hurti ng them .D it was a way to train them to obey people.(2)What does the underlined word in paragraph 2probably mean?________A strike.B stroke.C scold.D pump.(3)What is the author's purpose in telling the readers the story about the horse?________A To explain the traditional horse race to readers.B To prove that the weak horse can't win in the race.C To show that animals are treated unfairly by humans.D To say that people care more for horses than horse racing.(4)Which of the following is NOT true?________A People no longer watch killing criminals in public.B The author cannot accept anyon e who hits the animals.C It was a traditional practice to kill servants for their dead mas ter.D The author thinks it is possible to change the traditions made by man.(5)What's the best title of the passage?________A No One Cares for Animals Nowadays.B Let's Protect the Endangered Animals.C Show Animals the Respect They Deserve.D The Stories Between Animals and People.7. 阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按要求匹配信息,在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑.Tom,Mary,Jason,Ann 和Juliet想根据各自的兴趣爱好(46---50)挑选自己喜欢阅读的文章.阅读下面某杂志的文章摘要(A----F),选出适合他们阅读的文章.选项中有一项是多余选项.A.The Forbidden City,situated in the heart of Beijing,is the largest and the most complete imperial palace and ancient building complex in China .It was home to 24emperors of the Ming (1368-1644)and Qing (1616-1911)dynasties.The construction of the palaces in the Forbidden City began in 1406.The projec t spread over 15years and was not completed until 1470.Most of the buildings in the Forbi dden City were rebuilt many times,although they maintained the original style.B.Mount Tai,the leader of the"Five Sacred Mountains",is located in the center of Shandong Province,spanning the ranges of Tai'an and Jinan.It covers an area of 550square kilometers,and its main peak is about 1,532.7meters high.Mount Tai is a natural museum with many cultural relics and artwork lik e Heavenly Queen Pool,Red Gate Palace and Mid-Heaven Gate.Besides historic relics,Mount Tai has unique natural scenery.C.Each year,forecasts of when the blossoms will open are headline news.The information is used by citi es to plan cherry blossom festival,travel agencies to schedule tours,and ordinary people to choose dates for parties involving lots of eating and drinking under th e trees.D.Hong Kong is perhaps the best shopping place in the world with reasonable prices,various products and best service.In Hong Kong,shopping is not only a"social activity"but also an important part of recreation and a way of lif e.Visitors can enjoy the shopping environment and experience the fashion trend.E.The Leaning Tower of Pisa leans because of the unstable soil on which it was built.The c onstruction started in 1173.The building began to lean as soon as the first three floors wer e completed.Nevertheless,building continued,and the seven-story structure was finished between 1360and 1370.It leans a bit more each year,and it was closed for repairs in 1990.Engineers worked to stabilize the foundation and stra ighten it slightly to prevent damage.F.Centuries ago,the African elephant inhabited most of the African continent.Today,elephants are found only in the south of the Sahara.As a result of the habitat loss,along with poaching(偷猎),the number of elephants has greatly declined.The decline has caused serious concern abou t the long-term survival of the species.以下是Tom,Mary,Jackson,Ann 和Juliet各自的兴趣爱好的描述.请匹配最适合他们喜欢阅读的文章.46.Tom is a history teacher at Wuhan University.He has a strong desire of studying the an cient Chinese architecture.________47.Mary is a volunteer,who supports and encourages people to protect wild animals and plants.________ 48.Jason is a student of Houston University.He dreams of seeing Japanese cherry blossom s with his friends.After graduation,he will go on a trip to Japan.________49.Ann is an energetic girl who loves climbing mountains.She said,"Climbing a mountain is hard work,but the higher I climb,the more wonderful my view is."________50.Juliet often buys new clothes and shoes alone or accompanied by a friend.When she fe els annoyed about a matter,going shopping always makes her relaxed.________.五、写作(共2题,满分15分)8. 基础写作以下是肇庆端砚(Duan Inkstone)的相关信息:历史:1)因产地在肇庆的端州而得名;2)端砚名列中国四大名砚之首;3)一种传统的手工艺品,历史悠久,起源于1300多年前;4)盛行于宋朝时期,当时深受中国文人的青睐.特性:1)端砚的种类多,质量好,设计精美;2)目前端砚深受收藏家的喜爱.作用:1)一种书写的重要工具;2)端砚在传播中国文化中起着重要作用;3)是肇庆深厚文化底蕴的标志.参考词汇:端砚:Duan Inkstone 手工艺品:handcraft 文人:literati请根据以上信息写一篇英语短文,介绍肇庆手工艺品"端砚",了解"端砚"文化,内容包括:端砚的历史、特性和它的作用.只能用5个句子表达全部内容句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章连贯.________.六、读写任务(共1题,满分25分)9. 阅读下面材料,然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文.On the morning after the rainstorm,a man was walking on the beach,enjoying the beautiful view of the nature.Suddenly,he found thousands of starfish(海星) trapped in the shallow puddles(水坑) on the beach.As the sun rose,the water in the puddles was disappearing and the starfish began to struggle for life desperat ely.However,they still had no hopes to go back to the sea not far away.As the man continued walking,he noticed a little boy picking up the starfish one by one and throwing them into the ocean.Then he went over and asked the boy,"What are you doing?"The boy replied,"I'm throwing starfish back into the water.If I leave them here,they'll dry up and die."The man said,"But look how many starfish there are.What you're doing can't possibly make a great differ ence to all of them."As the boy picked up another starfish and threw it into the ocean,he said,"Well,it makes a difference to this one!"Then he added,"Though I can't save all of them,I can make some of them survive with my efforts." Moved by the lovely and warm-hearted boy,the man bent down to pick up the struggling starfish and threw them into water.Every time he threw the starfish into the water,he felt their fate was changing.1、以约30个词概括短文的内容要点.2、然后以约120个词就"施助于人"的主题发表看法,内容包括:(1)你如何评价故事中小男孩?(2)叙述一次你真实或虚构的"施助于人"的经历.(3)呼吁大家积极参与"施助于人"的活动.1、作文中可以使用实例来支持你的论点,也可以参照阅读材料的内容论述,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称.概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯.________.2014年广东省肇庆市高考英语模拟试卷答案1. DAACBABDABCBDCD2. kindness,when,it,our,carrying,has lain,but,The,into,was moved3. CBDCA4. ABDDC5. DADCB6. DACBC7. A,F,C,B,D8. Duan Inkstone,ranking the first of"The Four Famous Inkstone"in China,get its name for the fact that it was originally produced in Duanzhou of Zhaoqing.It's also w idely known as a traditional handcraft and has a long history going back to more than 1300 y ears ago.Duan Inkstone became universally popular in Son Dynasty,When it was favored by ancient Chinese literaties(高分句型一).(历史背景) Nowadays,many collectors would add to their collection of Duan Inkstone owing to its wide varieties,high quality,let alone its beautifu design.As an important writing tool,Duan Instone has played a very important role in spreading Chinese culture,and it is also a symbol of profound culturabackground of Zhaoqing.(高分句型二)(现实意义)9. A man noticed a boy repeatedly picking up the trapped starfish and throwing them into the sea despite being unable to save all of them.Consequently,the man was moved and joined the boy to save the struggling starfish.Reading the impressive story,I find the boy was so kind-hearted that he should really deserve praise from all the people.Young as he was,he fulfilled what was incredible to people.Actually,the young boy set a good example,especially to the young.My meaningful experience of offering help to a schoolmate will never escape from my memo ry.When I was in Senior Two,one of my schoolmates suffered from a severe and rare disease,which cost his parents all their savings and even put them heavily into debt.For lack of mon ey,he was unable to get further medical treatment.Knowing this,I together with my classmates called for all the students and friends to collect money for him .It was our timely efforts that helped him out of hardships.Eventually he was saved.As the saying goes,"A small act of kindness goes a long way."Therefore,I appeal to all the people to get involved in the campaign of offering a hand to others.I thinkonly when we offer assistance to each other voluntarily can we live in a harmonious society.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2014届高三级一模化学试题可能用到的原子量:H-1 C-12 单选题:7.下列说法正确的是A .油脂饱和程度越大,熔点越低B .氨基酸、二肽、蛋白质均既能跟强酸反应又能跟强碱反应C .蔗糖、麦芽糖、硬脂酸甘油酯酸性水解都能得到2种物质D .麻黄碱(CH CH 3NHCH 3)的催化氧化产物能发生银镜反应8.在溶液中加入足量Na 2O 2后仍能大量共存的离子组是A .K +、AlO -2、Cl -、SO 42– B .NH +4、Ba 2+、Cl -、NO -3C .Ca 2+、Fe 2+、NO -3、HCO -3 D .Na +、Cl -、CO 2-3、SO 32–9.用N A 表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述中正确的是 A .78 g 苯含有碳碳双键的数目为3N AB .常温常压下,22.4 L 二氧化碳含有的原子总数为3N AC .1 mol Fe 与足量稀HNO 3反应,转移3 N A 个电子D .1 L 1 mol·L -1的NaClO 溶液中含有ClO -的数目为N A10.实验室中以下物质的贮存方法不正确...的是A .浓硝酸用带橡胶塞的细口、棕色试剂瓶盛放,并贮存在阴凉处B .保存硫酸亚铁溶液时,要向其中加入少量硫酸和铁粉C .少量金属钠保存在煤油中D .试剂瓶中的液溴可用水封存,防止溴挥发11.W 、X 、Y 、Z 是四种常见的短周期元素,其原子半径随原子序数变化如右下图。
已知W 的一种核素的质量数为18,中子数为10;X 和Ne 原子的核外电子数相差1;Y 的单质是 一种常见的半导体材料;Z 的非金属性在同周期元素 中最强。
下列说法正确的是 A .对应简单离子半径:X >W B .对应气态氢化物的稳定性Y >Z C .化合物XZW 既含离子键,又含共价键D .Y 的氧化物能与Z 的氢化物和X 的最高价氧化物对应的水化物的溶液反应12.下列解释事实的化学方程式或离子方程式,不正确的....是 A .工业上可用电解法制备Mg :MgCl 2(熔融)===== Mg + Cl 2↑B .向Ca(ClO)2溶液中通入少量CO 2:Ca 2++2ClO -+H 2O +CO 2===2HClO +CaCO 3↓C .用CaSO 4治理盐碱地:CaSO 4(s) + Na 2CO 3(aq)CaCO 3(s) + Na 2SO 4(aq)D .用FeSO 4除去酸性废水中的Cr 2O 72-:Cr 2O 72- + Fe 2+ + 14H + == 2Cr 3+ + Fe 3+ + 7H 2O双选题:电解22.在0.1mol/L 的Na 2CO 3的溶液中,下列关系式正确的是A .c(Na +)>c(CO 2-3)> c(OH -)> c(H +)B .c(OH -)= c(HCO 3-)+ c(H 2CO 3) C .2c(Na +)=c(CO 2-3)+ c(HCO 3-)> c(H 2CO 3)D .c(Na +)+ c(H +)= c(OH -) + c(HCO 3-) +2c(CO 2-3)23.下列实验操作、现象和解释都正确的是非选择题30.(16分)有增长碳链是有机合成中非常重要的反应。
例如:反应①用 通过以下路线可合成(Ⅱ): (1)(Ⅰ)的分子式为 ;1mol 该物质完全燃烧需要消耗_____mol O 2.。
(2)(Ⅱ)与足量的热NaOH 溶液反应的化学方程式为 。
(3)(Ⅲ)的结构简式为 ; 在生成(Ⅲ)时,还能得到另一种副产物C 6H 8O 4,该反应的化学方程式为 ,该反应的反应类型是 。
(4)对二氯苯 也能与有机物(Ⅰ) (过量)发生类似反应①的系列反应,其生成有机物的结构简式为 。
31.(16分)工业合成氨与制备硝酸一般可连续生产,流程如下:OH CH 3-CH -COOH OH CH 3-CH -COOH + Zn 苯 (Ⅰ) CH 3 Br -CH -COOC 2H 5(Ⅱ) CH -CH -COOC 2H 5 CH 3 OH CHO CH 3 O OH CH 3-CH -COOH (Ⅲ) C 3H 4O 2 C 5H 8O 2 C 2H 5OH /H + (Ⅱ)HBr 一定条件下浓H 2SO 4 △ Cl Cl(1)工业生产时,制取氢气的一个反应为:CO(g)+H 2O(g)CO 2(g)+H 2(g)。
t ℃时,往10L 密闭容器中充入2mol CO 和3mol 水蒸气。
反应建立平衡后,体系中c (H 2)=0.12mol·L -1。
则该温度下此反应的平衡常数K=_____(填计算结果)。
(2)合成塔中发生反应N 2(g)+3H 2(g)2NH 3(g) △H<0。
下表为不同温度下该反应的平衡常数。
由此可推知,表中T 1____300℃(填―>‖、―<‖或―=‖)。
(3)氨气在纯氧中燃烧生成一种单质和水,科学家利用此原理,设计成―氨气-氧气‖燃料电池,则通入氨气的电极是__________(填―正极‖或―负极‖);碱性条件下,该电极发生反应的电极反应式为_______________________。
(4)用氨气氧化可以生产硝酸,但尾气中的NO x 会污染空气。
目前科学家探索利用燃料气体中的甲烷等将氮的氧化物还原为氮气和水,反应机理为:CH 4(g)+4NO 2(g)=4NO(g)+CO 2(g)+2H 2O(g) △H= -574kJ·mol-1CH 4(g)+4NO(g)=2N 2(g)+CO 2(g)+2H 2O(g) △H= -1160kJ·mol -1则甲烷直接将NO 2还原为N 2的热化学方程式 为 。
(5)某研究小组在实验室以―Ag -ZSM-5‖为 催化剂,测得将NO 转化为N 2的转化率随温度变 化情况如右图。
据图分析,若不使用CO ,温度超 过775℃,发现NO 的转化率降低,其可能的原因 为 ;在n (NO)/n (CO)=1的条件下,应控制的最佳温度在_______左右。
32.(16分)为探索工业含铝、铁、铜合金废料的再利用,甲同学设计的实验方案如下:请回答:反应温度/KNO转 化 率 (%)▲ CO 剩余百分率○ 无CO 时NO 转化为N 2的产率□ n(NO)/n((CO)=1条件下NO 转化为N 2的转化率 操作②(1)绿矾的化学式为 。
(2)写出反应①的化学方程式 , 反应②生成沉淀的离子反应方程式 。
(3)为了检测滤液D 中含有的金属离子,可设计实验方案为(试剂自选): 。
(4)在滤渣B 中滴加稀硫酸时,发现反应速率比一般的铁粉反应要快,其原因是 。
(5)若考虑绿色化学工艺,在滤渣E 中加入稀硫酸和试剂Y 制胆矾晶体,试剂Y 为无色液体,则反应④的总化学方程式为 ;若不考虑绿色化学工艺,所选试剂Y 为1mol/L 的硝酸,欲使3molCu 全部溶解且溶液中含铜元素的溶质仅为CuSO 4,则需该硝酸的体积 L 。
33.(16分)实验室制取乙酸丁酯的实验装置有如 右下图所示两种装置供选用。
其有关物质的物理性质(1)制取乙酸丁酯的装置应选用_______(填―甲‖ 或―乙‖)。
不选另一种装置的理由是 。
(2)该实验生成物中除了主产物乙酸丁酯外,还可能生成的有机副产物.....有(写出结构简式): 、 。
(3)酯化反应是一个可逆反应,为提高1-丁醇的利用率,可采取的措施是 。
(4)从制备乙酸丁酯所得的混合物中分离、提纯乙酸丁酯时,需要经过多步操作,下列图示的操作中,肯定需要的化学操作是________________(选填答案编号)。
(5)有机物的分离操作中,经常需要使用分液漏斗等仪器。
使用分液漏斗前必须;某同学在进行分液操作时,若发现液体流不下来,其可能原因除分液漏斗活塞堵塞外,还可能 。
A B C D(甲)(乙)→冷 水 →2014届高三级一模化学试题参考答案和评分标准选择题: 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.D 22. AD 23.BC30.(16分)说明;所有的结构简式写成键线式同样得分;化学式错误或把结构简式写成化学式0分;化学方程式没有注明反应条件或条件错误扣1分;不配平扣1分; (1)(4分)C 8H 8O 2 (2分) 9 (2分)(2)(3分)或 (3)(7分)CH 2=CH-COOH (2分)取代反应(或酯化反应) (2分)(4)(2分)CH 3OCHOHOCH 3CHOH31.(共16分,方程式每个3分,其余每空2分) (1)(2分)1 (2)(2分)<(3)(4分)负极 (2分) 2NH 3 — 6e - + 6OH - = N 2 +6H 2O (2分。
化学式1分、配平1分)(4)(3分)CH 4(g)+2NO 2(g)=CO 2(g)+2H 2O(g)+N 2(g) △H =-867kJ/mol (方程式2分, △H 数值1分) (5)(5分)该反应是放热反应(1分),当在775K 反应达到平衡后继续升高温度(1分),平衡向逆(左)方向移动,NO 转化率降低(1分) 870K (2分。
写860-875K 之间任意数值均给分)32.(16分)(1)(2分) FeSO 4·7H 2O (2)(4分)2Al+2NaOH+2H 2O 2NaAlO 2+3H 2↑ AlO 2-+CO 2+2H 2O Al(OH)3↓+HCO 3- ((或2AlO 2-+CO 2+3H 2O2Al(OH)3↓+CO 32-) [未写离子方程式扣1分,不配平扣CH 3 2H 5 + 2NaOHH 2O△OHCH 3-CH-COONa + C 2H 5OH + NaBr CH 3Br-CH-COOC 2H 5 + 2H 2ONaOH △OHCH 3+ C 2H 5OH + HBrOHCH 3-CH-COOH 2 浓H 2SO 4 △ CH 3-CH CH-CH 3 O —C OC —O O+ 2H 2O (环状酯写成其它形式,只要正确都给分,3分)1分,离子符号错0分](3)(3分)用试管取少量滤液D(1分),向滤液中滴加KSCN(或NaSCN、或NH4SCN)] 溶液无明显现象(1分),再滴入氯水(或双氧水,或通入Cl2)若变成血红色,则溶液则中存在Fe2+(1分)。
(4)(2分)铜、铁与稀硫酸形成了原电池(或发生了电化腐蚀,或有电流产生)(5)(5分) Cu+H2O2+H2SO4CuSO4+2H2O(2分。
配平1分,化学式错0分)2(3分)[说明:反应式为3Cu+2HNO3+3H2SO43CuSO4++2NO↑+4H2O]33.(16分)(1)(6分)乙(2分)由于反应物(乙酸和1-丁醇)的沸点低于产物乙酸丁酯的沸点(1分),若采用甲装置会造成反应物的大量挥发降低了NO转化率(1分),乙装置则可以冷凝回流反应物(1分),提高了NO转化率(1分)。