The Call of the Wild(野性的呼唤)
野性的呼唤-the-call-of-the-wild
• heads off into the wild, where he becomes the leader of a pack of wolves
在 将 近 一 年的 时间中 ，经过 市场部 全体员 工共同 的努力 ，使我 们公司 的产品 知 名 度 在 河 南市场 上渐渐 被客户 所认识 ，良好 的售后 服务加 上优良 的产品 品质获 得 了 客 户 的 一致好 评，也 取得了 宝贵的 销售经 验和一 些成功 的客户 案例， 个人销 售 工 作 计 划 书范文 。这是 我认为 我们做 的比较 好的方 面，但 在其他 方面在 工作中 我 们 做 法 还 是存在 很大的 问题。 特对个 人销售 工作计 划分析 如下： 下 面 是 公 司 ××年 总的销 售情况 ： 从上面 的销售 业绩上 看，我 们的工 作做的 是不好 的， 可 以 说 是 销 售做的 十分的 失败。 在河南 市场上 ，×× 产品品 牌众多 ，×× 天星由 于 比 较 早 的 进入河 南市场 ，×× 产品价 格混乱 ，这对 于我们 开展市 场造成 很大的 压 力 。 客 观 上 的 一些 因素虽 然存在 ，在工 作中其 他的一 些做法 也有很 大的问 题 ， 主 要 表 现在 1） 销 售 工作 最基本 的客户 访问量 太少。 市场部是今年四月中
recommended reason
• NO.1把狗类比作人类,成功刻画了巴克,表现了爱的理念以及适者 生存的主题,可以说是自然主义、现实主义、超验主义的完美结 合
• NO.2巴克形象的塑造中使人性和狗性得到了统一。巴克的人性 寓于狗性之中，狗性中体现着人性。巴克是一条狗，也是人类 社会中的人，作者用这种讽喻和影射的艺术手法来揭示当时美 国现实社会的本质。
The Call of the Wild(野性的呼唤)
The Call of the Wild1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers．He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California．Men had found gold in the Yukon，and these men wanted big，strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north．Buck lived in Mr. Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley．There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house，and a river nearby．In a big place like this，of course，there were many dogs．There were house dogs and farm dogs，but they were not important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here，and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went swimming with Mr. Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back，and he sat at Mr. Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．But this was 1897，and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold．And he did not know that Manuel，one of Mr. Miller's gardeners，needed money for his large family．One day，when Mr. Miller was out，Manuel and Buck left the garden together．It was just an evening walk，Buck thought．No one saw them go，and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station．This man talked to Manuel，and gave him some money ．Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck．Buck growled，and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck．He jumped at the man．The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth．For a few moments he was unable to move，and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train．When Buck woke up，the train was still moving．The man was sitting and watching him，but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard．Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go．That evening，the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco．The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood．‘How much are they paying you for this？’he asked．‘I only get fifty dollars．’‘And the m an who stole him—how much did he get？’ asked the barman．‘A hundred．He wouldn't take less．’‘That makes a hundred and fifty．It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here，help me to get him into this．’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box．He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar．His neck still ached with pain from the rope，and he could not understand what it all meant ．What did they want with him，these strange men？And where was Mr. Miller？The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train to the north．For two days and nights the train travelled north，and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank．Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box．For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirstier．His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved．In Seattle four men took Buck to a small，high－walled back garden，where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting．Buck was now very angry indeed and he jumped and bit at the sides of his box．The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club．‘Are you going to take him out now？’ asked one of the men．‘Of course，’ answered the fat man，and he began to break the box with his axe．Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place．As the fat man hit the box with his axe，Buck jumped at the sides，growling and biting，pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood．After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out．‘ Now，come here，red eyes，’ said the fat man，dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand．Buck jumped at the man，sixty kilos of anger，his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck．Just before his teeth touched the skin，the man hit him with the club．Buck fell to the ground．It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand．He stood up，and jumped again．Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground．Ten times he jumped at the man，and ten times the club hit him．Slowly he got to his feet，now only just able to stand．There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears．Then the fat man walked up and hit him again，very hard，on the nose．The pain was terrible．Again，Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground．A last time he jumped，and this time，when the man knocked him down，Buck did not move．‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson，’ said one of the men on the wall．Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station．‘His name is Buck，’said the fat man to himself，reading the letter that had come with the box．‘Well，Buck，my by，’he said in a friendly voice，‘we've argued a little，and I think the best thing to do now is to stop．Be a good dog and we'll be friends．But if you're a bad dog，I'll have to use my club again．Understand？’As he spoke，he touched Buck’ s head，and although Buck was angry inside，he did not move．When the man brought him water and meat，Buck drank and then ate the meat，piece by piece，from the man's hand．Buck was beaten（he knew that）but he was not broken．He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him．Every day he saw more dogs arrive，and each dog was beaten by the fat man．Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed，although he did not have to be a friend．Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs．Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs．One day a short，dark man came and looked at Buck．‘That's a good dog！’ he cried．‘How much do you want for him？’‘Three hundred dollars．It's a good price，Perrault，’said the fat man．Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price．He knew dogs，and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog．‘One in ten thousand，’ Perrault said to h imself．Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand，and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault．He took them to a ship，and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away．They had seen the warm south for the last time．Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship．There they met another man，Francois．Perrault was a French－Canadian，but Francois was half －Indian，tall and dark．Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men，calm and honest．And they knew everything about dogs．There were two other dogs on the ship．One was a big dog called Spitz，as whiteas snow．He was friendly to Buck at first，always smiling．He was smiling when he tried to st eal Buck’ s food at the first meal．Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move．Buck decided that this was fair，and began to like Francois a little．Dave，the other dog，was not friendly．He wanted to be alone all the time．He ate and slept and was interested in nothing．One day was very like another，but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder．One morning，the ship's engines stopped，and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship．Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside．At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white．He jumped back in surprise．The soft，white thing was also falling through the air，and it fell onto him．He tried to smell it，and then caught some on his tongue．It bit like fire，and then disappeared．He tried again and the same thing happened．People were watching him and laughing，and Buck felt ashamed，although he did not knowwhy．It was his first snow．2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible．Every hour there was some new，frightening surprise．There was no peace，no rest—only continual noise and movement．And every minute there was danger，because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men．They knew only the law of club and tooth．Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs；they were like wolves．In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly．She tried to make friends with a dog，a big one，although not as big as she was．There was no warning．The dog jumped on Curly，his teeth closed together，then he jumped away，and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth．Wolves fight like this，biting and jumping away，but the fight did not finish then．Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight，watching silently．Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her；he bit her a second time，and jumped away．When she attacked him again，he knocked her backwards，and she fell on the ground．She never stood up again，because this was what the other dogs were waiting for．They moved in，and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs．It was all very sudden．Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongueout of his mouth，laughing．Then he saw Francois with an axe，and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs．Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away．But Curly lay dead in the snow，her body torn almost to pieces．Curly's death often came back to Buck in his dreams．He understood that once a dog was down on the ground，he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing，and from that moment he hated him．Then Buck had another surprise．Francois put a harness on him．Buck had seen harnesses on horses，and now he was made to work like a horse，pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire．Buck worked with Spitz and Dave．The two other dogs had worked in a harness before，and Buck learnt by watching them．He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted．‘Those three are very good dogs，’Francois told Perrault．‘That Buck pulls very well，and he's learning quickly．’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City，so that afternoon he bought two more dogs，two brothers called Billee and Joe．Billee was very friendly，but Joe was the opposite．In the evening Perrault bought one more dog，an old dog with one eye ．His name was Solleks，which means The Angry One．Like Dave，he made no friends；all he wanted was to be alone．That night Buck discovered another problem．Where was he going to sleep？Francois and Perrault were in their tent，but when he went in，they shouted angrily and threw things at him．Outside it was very cold and windy．He lay down in the snow，but he was too cold to sleep．He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs．But，to his surprise，they had disappeared．He walked around Perrault's tent，very，very cold，wondering what to do．Suddenly，the snow under his feet fell in，and he felt something move．He jumped back，waiting for the attack，but heard only a friendly bark．There，in a warm hole under the snow，was Billee．So that was what you had to do．Buck chose a place，dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep．He slept well，although his dreams were bad．When he woke up，at first he did not know where he was．It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him．Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal when it is caught and cannot escape．Growling，he threw himself at the snow，and a moment later，he had jumped upwards into thedaylight．He saw the tents and remembered everything，from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before．‘What did I say？’ shouted Francois to Perrault，when he saw Buck come up out of the snow．‘That Buck le arns quickly．’Perrault smiled slowly．He was carrying important papers，and he needed good dogs．He was very pleased to have Buck．They bought three more dogs that morning，and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon．Buck was not sorry to be moving，and although it was hard work，he almost enjoyed it．He was also surprised to see that Dave and Solleks no longer looked bored and miserable．Pulling in a harness was their job，and they were happy to do it．Dave was sledge－dog，the dog nearest to the sledge．In front of him was Buck，then came Solleks．In front of them were the six other dogs，with Spitz as leader at the front．Francois had put Buck between Dave and Solleks because they could teach him the work．Buck learnt well，and they were good teachers．When Buck pulled the wrong way，Dave always bit his leg，but only lightly．Once，when they stopped，Buck got tied up in his harness，and it took ten minutes to get started again．Both Dave and Solleks gave him a good beating for that mistake．Buck understood，and was more careful after that．It was a hard day's journey，up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains．They camped that night at Lake Bennett．Here there were thousands of gold miners．They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring．Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well，but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge．The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometres．But the next day，and for days afterwards，they were on new snow．The work was harder and they went slowly．Usually，Perrault went in front，on snowshoes，flattening the snow a little for the dogs．Francois stayed by the sledge．Sometimes the two men changed places，but there were many small lakes and rivers，and Perrault understood ice better．He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin．Day after day Buck pulled in his harness．They started in the morning before it was light，and they stopped in the evening after dark，ate a piece of fish，and went to sleep in their holes under the snow．Buck was always hungry．Francois gave him750 grams of dried fish a day，and it was never enough．The other dogs were given only 500 grams；they were smaller and could stay dive on less food．Buck learnt to eat quickly；if he was too slow，the other dogs stole his food．He saw Pike，one of the new dogs，steal some meat from the sledge when Perrault wasn't looking．The next day Buck stole some and got away unseen．Perrault was very angry，but he thought another dog，Dub，had taken it and so punished him instead of Buck．Buck was learning how to live in the north．In the south he had never stolen，but there he had never been so hungry．He stole cleverly and secretly，remembering the beatings from the man with the club．Buck was learning the law of club and tooth．He learnt to eat any food—anything that he could get his teeth into．He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink He was stronger，harder，and could see and smell better than ever before ．In a way，he was remembering back to the days when wild dogs travelled in packs through the forest，killing for meat as they went．It was easy for him to learn to fight like a wolf，because it was in his blood．In the evenings，when he pointed his nose at the moon and howled long and loud，he was remembering the dogs and wolves that had comebefore him．3 The wild animalThe wild animal was strong in Buck，and as he travelled across the snow，it grew stronger and stronger．And as Buck grew stronger，he hated Spitz more and more，although he was careful never to start a fight．But Spitz was always showing his teeth to Buck，trying to start a fight．And Buck knew that if he and Spitz fought，one of them would die．The fight almost happened one night when they stopped by Lake Laberge．There was heavy snow and it was very cold．The lake was frozen and Francois，Perrault，and the dogs had to spend the night on the ice，under a big rock．Buck had made a warm hole in the snow and was sorry to leave it to get his piece of fish．But when he had eaten．and returned to his hole，he found Spitz in it．Buck had tried not to fight Spitz before，but this was too much．He attacked him angrily．Spitz was surprised．He knew Buck was big，but he didn’ t know he was so wild．Francois was surprised too，and guessed why Buck was angry．‘Go on Buck！’ heshouted．‘Fight him，the dirty thief！’Spitz was also ready to fight，and the two dogs circled one another，looking for the chance to jump in．But suddenly there was a shout from Perrault，and they saw eighty or a hundred dogs around the sledge．The dogs came from an Indian village，and they were searching for the food that they could smell on the sledge．Perrault and Francois tried to fight them off with their clubs，but the dogs，made crazy by the smell of the food，showed their teeth and fought back．Buck had never seed dogs like these．They were all skin and bone，but hunger made them fight like wild things．Three of them attacked Buck and in seconds his head and legs were badly bitten．Dave and Solleks stood side by side，covered in blood，fighting bravely．Joe and Pike jumped on one dog，and Pike broke its neck with one bite．Buck caught another dog by the neck and tasted blood．He threw himself on the next one，and then felt teeth in his own neck．It was Spitz，attacking him from the side．Perrault and Francois came to help with clubs，but then they had to run back to save the food ．It was safer for the nine sledge－dogs to run away across the lake．Several of them were badly hurt，and they spent an unhappy night hiding among the tress．At first light they returned to the sledge and found Perrault and Francois tired and angry．Half their food was gone．The Indian dogs had even eaten one of Perrault's shoes．Francois looked at his dogs unhappily．‘Ah，my friends，’he said softly，‘Perhaps those bites will make you ill．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault said nothing．They still had six hundred kilometres to travel，and he hoped very much that his sledge－dogs had not caught rabies from the Indian dogs．The harness was torn and damaged and it was two hours before they were moving，travelling slowly and painfully over the most difficult country that they had been in．The Thirty Mile River was not frozen．It ran too fast to freeze．They spent six days trying to find a place to cross，and every step was dangerous for dogs and men．Twelve times they found ice bridges across the river，and Perrault walked carefully onto them，holding a long piece of wood．And twelve times he fell through a bridge and was saved by the piece of wood，which caught on the sides ofthe hole．But the temperature was 45° below zero，and each time Perrault fell into the water，he had to light a fire to dry and warm himself．Once，the sledge fell through the ice，with Dave and Buck，and they were covered in ice by the time Perrault and Francois pulled them out of the river．Again，a fire was needed to save them．Another time，Spitz and the dogs in front fell through the ice—Buck and Dave and Francois at the sledge had to pull backwards．That day they travelled only four hundred metres．When they got to the Hootalinqua and good ice，Buck and the other dogs were very，very tired．But they were late，so Perrault made them run faster．In three days they went a hundred and eighty kilometres and reached the Five Fingers．The other dogs had hard feet from years of pulling sledges，but Buck's feet were still soft from his easy life down south．All day he ran painfully，and when they camped for the night，he lay down like a dead dog．He was hungry，but he was too tired to walk to the fish，so Francois brought it to him．One day Francois made four little shoes for him，and this made Buck much more comfortable．Francois forgot the shoes one morning，and Buck refused to move．He lay on his back with his feet in the air，until Francois put the shoes on．Later his feet grew harder and the shoes were not needed．One morning，at the Pelly River，a dog called Delly went suddenly mad．She howled long and loud like a wolf and then jumped at Buck．Buck ran，with Dolly one step behind him．She could not catch him，but he could not escape from her．They ran half a kilometre，and then Buck heard Francois call to him．He turned and ran towards the man，sure that Francois would save him．Francois stood ，holding his axe，and as Buck passed，the axe crashed down on Dolly's head．Buck fell down by the sledge，too tired to move．Immediately，Spitz attacked him and bit his helpless enemy twice，as hard as he could．But Francois saw this，and gave Spitz a terrible beating for it．‘He's a wild dog，that Spitz，’said Perrault．‘One day he'll kill Buck．’‘Buck is wilder，’replied Francois．‘I've been watching him．One day he'll get very angry and he'll fight Spitz；and he'll win．’ Francois was right．Buck wanted to be lead-dog．Spitz knew this and hated him．Buck started to help the other dogs when Spitz punished them for being lazy．One morning，Pike refused to get up，and Spitz looked for him everywhere．When he found him，he jumped at him．Butsuddenly，Buck attacked Spitz．The other dogs saw this，and it became more and more difficult for Spitz to lead them．But the days passed without a chance for a fight，and soon they were pulling into Dawson City on a cold grey afternoon．They stayed in Dawson for seven days．When they left，Perrault was carrying some more very important papers，and he wanted to travel back as fast as possible．They travelled eighty kilometres the first day，and the same the second．But it was difficult work for Francois．Buck and Spitz hated each other，and the other dogs were not afraid of Spitz any more．One night Pike stole half a fish from Spitz，and ate it standing next to Buck．And every time Buck went near Spitz，he growled and the hair on his back stood up angrily．The other dogs fought in their harnesses and Francois often had to stop the sledge．He knew that Buck was the problem，but Buck was too clever for him and Francois never saw him actually starting a fight．One night in camp，the dogs saw a snow rabbit and in a second they were all chasing it，with Spitz in front．Nearby was another camp，with fifty dogs，who also Joined the chase．The rabbit was running fast on top of the snow，but the snow was soft，and it was more difficult for the dogs．When Spitz caught the rabbit，throwing it in the air with his teeth，Buck was just behind．Spitz stopped，and Buck hit him，very hard．The two dogs fell in the snow．Spitz bit Buck very quickly，twice，and then jumped away，watching carefully．The time had come，and Buck knew that either he or Spitz must die．They watched one another，circling slowly．The moon was shining brightly on the snow，and in the cold still air not a leaf moved on the trees．The other dogs finished eating the rabbit and then turned to watch．Spitz was a good fighter．He was full of hate and anger，but he was also intelligent．Every time Buck tried to bite his throat，he met Spitz's own teeth．Then，each time Buck attacked，Spitz moved and bit him on the side as he passed．After a few minutes，Buck was covered in blood．He attacked again，but this time turned at the last minute and went under Spitz，biting his left front leg．The bone broke，and Spitz was standing on three legs．Buck tried to knock Spitz down，and then repeated his earlier attack and broke Spitz's right front leg．There was no hope for Spitz now．Buck got ready for his final attack，while the circle of sixty dogs watched，and crowded nearer and nearer，waiting for theend．At last Buck jumped，in and out，and Spitz went down in the snow．A second later the waiting pack was on top of him，and Spitz had disappeared．Buck stood and watched．The wild animal had made its kill．4 The new lead-dog‘Well，what did I say？Buck’ s a real fighter，all right，’ said Francoi s the next morning when he discovered that Spitz had disappeared and that Buck was covered in blood．‘Spitz fought like a wolf，’said Perrault，as he looked at the bites all over Buck．‘And Buck fought like ten wolves，’ answered Francois．‘And we'll travel f aster now．No more Spitz，no more trouble．’Francois started to harness the dogs．He needed a new lead－dog，and decided that Solleks was the best dog that he had．But Buck jumped at Solleks and took his place．‘Look at Buck！’ said Francois，laughing．‘He's k illed Spitz，and now he wants to be lead－dog．Go away，Buck！’He pulled Buck away and tried to harness Solleks again．Solleks was unhappy too．He was frightened of Buck，and when Francois turned his back，Buck took Solleks’ place again．Now Francois was angry．‘I'll show you！’ he cried，and went to get a heavy club from the sledge．Buck remembered the man in the red coat，and moved away．This time，when Solleks was harnessed as lead-dog，Buck did not try to move in．He kept a few metres away and circled around Francois carefully．But when Francois called him to his old place in front of Dave，Buck refused．He had won his fight with Spitz and he wanted to be lead－dog．For an hour the two men tried to harness him．Buck did not run away，but he did not let them catch him．Finally，Francois sat down，and Perrault looked at his watch．It was getting late．The two men looked at one another and smiled Francois walked up to Sol-leks，took off his harness，led him back and harnessed him in his old place．Then he called Buck．All the other dogs were harnessed and the only empty place was now the one at the front But Buck did not move．‘Put down the club，’ said Perrault．Francois dropped the club，and immediately Buck came up to the front of the team．Francois harnessed him ，and in a minute the sledge was moving．Buck was an excellent leader．He moved and thought quickly and led the other dogs well．A new leader made no difference to Dave and Solleks；they continued to pull hard ．But the other dogs had had an easy life when Spitz was leading．They were surprised when Buck made them work hard and punished them for their mistakes Pike，the second dog，was usually lazy；but by the end of the first day he was pulling harder than he had ever pulled in his life．The first night in camp Buck fought Joe，another difficult dog，and after that there were no more problems with him．The team started to pull together，and to move faster and faster．‘I've never seen a dog like Buck！’cried Francois，‘Never！He's worth a thousand dollars ．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault agreed．They were moving quickly，and covering more ground every day The snow was good and hard，and no new snow fell．The temperature dropped to 45° below zero，and didn't change．This time there was more ice on the Thirty Mile River，and they crossed in a day．Some days they ran a hundred kilometres，or even more They reached Skagway in fourteen days；the fastest time ever．For three days the dogs rested in Skagway．Then Francois put his arms around Buck's neck and said goodbye to him．And that was the last of Francois and Perrault．Like other men，they passed out of Buck's life for ever．Two new men took Buck and his team back north on the long journey to Dawson，travelling with several other dog－teams．It was heavy work；the sledge was loaded with letters for the gold miners of Dawson．Buck did not like it，but he worked hard，and made the other dogs work hard，too．Each day was the same．They started early，before it was light，and at night they stopped and camped and the dogs ate．For the dogs this was the best part of the day，first eating，then resting by the fire．Buck liked to lie by the fire，looking at the burning wood．Sometimes he thought about Mr. Miller's house in California．More of ten he remembered the man in the red coat and his club，the death of Curly，the fight with Spitz，and the good things that he had eaten But sometimes he remembered other things These were things that he remembered through his parents，and his parents parents，and all the dogs which had lived before him．Sometimes as he lay there，he seemed to see，in a waking dream，a differentfire．And he saw next to him，not the Indian cook，but another man，a man with shorter legs，and longer arms．This man had long hair and deep eyes，and made strange noises in his throat He was very frightened of the dark，and looked around him all the time，holding a heavy stone in his hand ．He wore the skin of an animal on his back，and Buck could see thick hair all over his body．Buck sat by the fire with this hairy man，and in the circling darkness beyond the fire he could see many eyes—the eyes of hungry animals waiting to attack．And he growled softly in his dream until the Indian cook shouted，‘Hey，Buck，wake up！’Then the strange world disappeared and Buck's eyes saw the real fire again．When they reached Dawson，the dogs were tired，and needed a week's rest But in two days they were moving south again，with another heavy load of letters．Both dogs and men were unhappy．It snowed every day as well，and on soft new snow it was harder work pulling the sledges．The men took good care of their dogs．In the evenings，the dogs ate first，the men second，and they always checked the dogs’ feet before they slept．But every day the dogs became weaker．Buck had pulled sledges for three thousand kilometres that winter，and he was as tired as the others．But Dave was not only tired；he was ill．Every evening he lay down the minute after the sledge stopped，and did not stand up until morning．The men looked at him，but they could find no broken bones．Something was wrong inside．One day he started to fall down while in his harness．The sledge stopped，and the driver took him out of his harness．He wanted to give him a rest，and let him run free behind the sledge．But Dave did not want to stop working．He hated to see another dog doing his work，so he ran along beside the sledge，trying to pushSol-leks out of his place．When the sledge made its next stop，Dave bit through Sol-leks’ harness and pushed him away．Then he stood there，in his old place in front of the sledge，waiting for his harness and the order to start pulling．The driver decided it was kinder to let him work．Dave pulled all day，but the next morning he was too weak to move．The driver harnessed up without Dave，and drove a few hundred metres．Then he stopped，took his gun，and walked back．The dogs heard a shot，and then the man came quickly back．The sledge started to move again；but Buck knew，and every dog knew，what had happened．5 More hard work。
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最新the-call-of-the-wild-野性的呼唤课件PPT
Plot overview
While the men search for gold, Buck ranges far afield, befriending wolves and hunting bears and moose. He always returns to Thornton in the end, until, one day, he comes back to camp to find that Yeehat Indians have attacked and killed his master. Buck attacks the Indians, killing several and scattering the rest, and then heads off into the wild, where he becomes the leader of a pack of wolves. He becomes a legendary figure, a Ghost Dog, fathering countless cubs and inspiring fear in the Yeehats—but every year he returns to the place where Thornton died, to mourn his master before returning to his life in the wild.
Plot overview
Buck’s new masters are inexperienced and out of place in the wilderness. They overload the sled, beat the dogs, and plan poorly. Some weaker animals soon die. Of an original team of fourteen, only five are still alive when they limp into John Thornton’s camp. Thornton warns them that the ice over which they are traveling is melting and that they may fall through it. Hal dismisses these warnings and tries to get going immediately. The other dogs begin to move, but Buck refuses. When Hal begins to beat him, Thornton intervenes, knocking a knife from Hal’s hand and cutting Buck loose. Hal curses Thornton and starts the sled again, but before they have gone a quarter of a mile, the ice breaks open, swallowing both the humans and the dogs.
Unit 7 The-Call-of-the-Wild说课讲解
Introduction to Jack London(1876-1916)
Lesson: 1) You can’t go down in a fight. 2) No fair play. Once down, that was the
end of you.
Main plot: Leadership
Undermines Spitz’s leadership fights against Spitz takes Spitz’s position forces Perrault to admit
The Bitter hatred between them: Stealed Buck’s food Curly died （幸灾乐祸） Occupied Buck’s nest Be attacked by a pack of Huskies,
Spitz sneaked up on Buck
Unit 7 The-Call-of-the-Wild
Introduction to Jack London(1876-1916)
In1876, born Be deserted by his father In1890, dropped out school At the age of 17, ventured to sea
A "free for all" in income mobility Immigrant cluture and problems
The call of the wild(野性的呼唤)
Analysis of the Character
The novella details Buck's struggle to adjust and survive the cruel treatment he receives from humans, other dogs, and nature. He eventually sheds the veneer of civilization altogether and instead relies on primordial instincts and the lessons he has learned to become a respected and feared leader in the wild.
Five events make Buck’s wildness waken
Symbolic significance
“Man in the red sweater” —The first obstacle when you step into society and you must know how to adapt yourself to this environment All dead dogs—who can’t afford and destroy by difficulties in the real life Spitz—the biggest obstacle in life and you must find a way to overcome it
The Call of the Wild
野性的呼唤
Jack London
(January 12, 1876 – November 22, 1916)
《野性的呼唤》(the Call of the Wild) 浅析及三种译文之对比
《野性的呼唤》(the Call of the Wild) 浅析及三种译文之对
比
王华立
【期刊名称】《考试周刊》
【年(卷),期】2007(000)052
【摘要】小说<野性的呼唤>(又译<荒野的呼唤>)是美国作家杰克·伦敦最为著名的作品.该小说作为名著,已有多种中译版本.本文试析原著的风格,并对比蒋天佐、胡春兰和贾文浩三位译者的译本(分别由河北教育出版社、人民文学出版社及北京燕山出版社出版),浅谈各译本的优劣得失,同时提出对同一文学作品的不同译本进行比较时,应引进共时和历时的观点作为标准之一.
【总页数】2页(P132-133)
【作者】王华立
【作者单位】广西大学,外国语学院,广西,南宁,530004
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】I1
【相关文献】
1.Of Studies三种译文的对比研究
2.唐诗《春晓》三种英译文本之美学元素对比分析
3.对比性批评The Call of the Wild的两个不同中文译本的不同风格
4.The Author's Account of Himself三种译文对比研究
5.从《论读书》三种译文对比看王佐良译文的特色
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
英语原著 野性的呼唤 The Call of the Wild
英语原著野性的呼唤The Call of the Wild
巴克原是米勒法官家的一只爱犬，经过了文明的教化，一直生活在美国南部加州一个温暖的山谷里。
后被卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗。
它目睹了人与人、狗与狗、强者与弱者之间冷酷无情和生死争斗，于是为了生存，它学会了只求活命、不顾道义的处世原则，变得凶悍、机智而狡诈。
最后，在森林中狼群的呼唤下，巴克狼性复萌，逃入丛林，重归荒野。
在小说中，杰克·伦敦运用拟人手法，把狗眼中的世界及人类的本质刻画地淋漓尽致，反映了资本主义社会冷酷的现实和“优胜劣汰，适者生存”的客观现实。
巴克渴望并奔向了自由，这也正是作家的追求和理想的体现。
这就是美国近现代著名的现实主义作家——杰克·伦敦（1876—1916）写的杰出的长篇小说《野性的呼唤》的故事。
杰克·伦敦（1876——1916）美国作家。
他一生经历丰富、坎坷，对资本主义社会的黑暗和下层人民生活有深刻的认识，是一位多产而杰出的作家，他的作品揭露性强，又一股不可制服的虎虎生气，而且具有鲜明的民族色彩。
《野性的呼唤》是他的第一部畅销书，也是他动物小说中最为出色的名篇之一。
这部小说进一步发展了作者在他创作的系列《北方的故事》中所表现出来的激烈、清新、粗犷有力的性格，将充满冒险和野性的淘金生活以及在这种特殊环境中挣扎的狗的世界表现得淋漓尽致。
其重要作品有《野性的呼唤》、《白牙》、《海狼》、《马丁·伊登》等。
野性的呼唤the call of the wild
View on The Call of the WildNaturalist novels often raise readers‟ sympathy by depicting the cruel natural environment and extraordinary and heroic experiences of protagonists. Such features are also exhibited in Jack London‟ novel The Call of the Wild but in a more accomplished way. The remarkable depiction of cruel natural environment and bitter experiences of the protagonist Buck results in triumphant ecstasy in readers and is a feast of beauty to them. As a whole the novel serves as an encouragement and a humanitarian caring for readers.This novel tells a story about a dog named Buck who changed from a pet dog to an earthshaking wolf. This work doesn‟t use the traditional method to portray animals--see animals from human‟s point of view. He observes human and nature through animals‟ view and regards dogs as protagonists to express the real meaning of life and feel the value of life. It is new to us. The writer portrays the varies behaviors of dogs and depicts dogs‟ mental activity in detail, which successfully model Buck‟s great image.The Call of the Wild was the greatest dog story ever written and was at the same time a study of one of the most curious and profound motives that played hide-and-seek in the human soul. The dog is not only an animal but has features of human beings. Each thing has another meaning. By comparing Buck‟s attitudes and behavior towards its masters with the way the master treat Buck and analyzing Buck‟s response to John Thornton‟s death we can see that the author expresses the desire for humanity in this novel.In Judge Miller‟s place …buck lobes its masters and is loyal to them. He plays with Judge Miller‟s sons and protects the Judge‟s daughters on the other hand, the Judge and his children also love Buck so that Buck has special position in the family and has advantages over other dogs. He feels”he was king-king over all creeping crawling flying things of Judge Miller‟s place human included.” He is arrogant and trusts in men he knows. Because of this reason he is betrayed by men and sent north as sled-dog.Buck‟s first step to the north is at a dog-buster‟s yard. For two days‟ suffering on the train. Buck has to endured a lots. When Buck gets out of the crate, he is in a fierce state and throws himself on a man with a club, but he gets a fatal beaten from the man. Buck understands that “he stood no chance against a man with a club.”“a man with a club was a lawgiver , a master to be obeyed.” Buck neverforgets this rule in his later life and this in his introduction to the reign of primitive law.To his new master, Perrault and Francois, Buck develops no affection for them, but he none the less grows honestly to respect them. He obeys orders and does what he should do as the book says. “He was too wise to rebel.” He knows the result if he resist the orders. He learned quickly and easily to pull the sleds, and gradually gets the masters‟ trust and rareness. Francois and Perrault buy Buck and his mates to convey the documents and letters of the government. They treat Buck fairly and harshly because “Francois was stem demanding instant obedience, and by virture of his whip receiving instant obedience. They look after Buck but not always. When Buck‟s feet limps in agony, Francois brings fish to …buck, and “the dog-driver rubbed Buck‟s feet for half an hour each night after supper and sacrificed the tops of his own moccasins to make four moccasins for buck.John Thornton survives Buck and takes good care of Buck. Buck develops strong affection for John Thornton. “For a long time after his rescue, Buck did not like Thornton to get out of his sight. He was afraid that Thornton would pass out his life as Perrault and Francois and the Scotch half-breed had passed out.” Buck is loyal to John Thornton and respects, protects him. John Thornton is the only man that Buck cares about, the rest of mankind is as nothing. John Thornton is king and generous. He nurses Buck till he recovers completely. At John Thornton‟s camp, Buck gets the true love. He feels “love genuine passionate love, was his for the first time. This he had never experienced at Judge Miller‟s down in the sun - kissed Santa Clara Valley.” And John Thornton.When John Thornton is killed by the Indians, Buck is absolutely fierce. “For the last time in his life, he allowed passion to usurp cunning and reason, and it was because of his great love for John Thornton that he lost his head.”In some degree we can say that John Thornton‟s death is an important reason of causing Buck to return to the wild. For two times , Buck has already answered to the call in the wild, but two times the love for John Thornton draws him back to the man world. Therefore, when John Thornton is killed , the last tie is broken, he has to return to the wild. Here we can find some similarities among the Capitalism society and the bad natural environment, those masters and the capitalists. Just like the society, the natural environment is full of competition, risk and danger, and those masters are greedy and indifferent, expect John Thornton, and treat Buck badly, just like the capitalists treat the workers. It is true that masters‟ cruelty and indifference caused the increasing of wildness in Buck and made him respond to the wild call.。
野性的呼唤--The Call of the Wild
“100美元。他不肯少一个子儿。”
‘That makes a hundred and fifty． It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here， help me to get him into this．’
“也就是说150美元。对于这样一条狗可真是个好价钱。这边来，帮我把他弄到这里去。”
巴克不曾读过报纸，他不知道人们需要高大强壮能够在北方的严寒和冰雪中工作的狗。人们在育空河发现了金矿，因此对加利福尼亚的每一条大狗来说都在劫难逃。
Buck lived in Mr Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house， and a river nearby． In a big place like this，of course， there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs， but they were not important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here， and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went swimming with Mr Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back， and he sat at Mr Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．
野性的呼唤( The call of the wild)习题及答案
The Call of the Wild一、故事简介：从小生活在温室环境中的巴克被偷着拐卖到原始荒野当雪橇狗。
残酷的现实触动了巴克由于人类文明的长久熏陶而向大自然回归的本能和意识。
恶劣的生存环境锻炼了巴克，他在历练中不断成长．最终通过战胜狗王斯匹茨而赢得了拉雪橇狗群中的头把交椅。
当残暴的哈尔将巴克打得遗体鳞伤、奄奄一息时，约翰·桑顿的解救让巴克感受到温暖并决定誓死效忠恩主，但恩主的遇害彻底打碎了巴克对于人类社会的留恋，从而促使巴克坚定决心，毅然走向荒野，回归自然。
二、考题1.The author of “The Call of the wild” is Jack London .2.( D）The main idea of the extracts above is probably that .A.It was not easy for Buck, a dog from the south, to live in the north.B.Buck, a dog from the south, began to learn lessons from the hard life in the north.C.Some people were evil enough to steal dogs and sell them for moneyD.Buck, a dog from the south, was explosed to harsh environment in the north.3.（B）What kind of dog did the gold-seeker want? They wanted .A.Heavy dogsB.strong long-haired dogsC.Small dogs with furry coatsD.Fierce dogs good at fighting4.（B）Manuel stole and sold Buck because .A.he needed money to support his familyB.he spent more than he earnedC.Judge Miller was cruel to himD.Buck bit and hated him5.（ D ）The fat man cruelly beat Buck with a club to .A.make him unconsciousB.punish himC.kill him for his rageD.make him obey6.（B）During the imprisonment on the train, Buck was desperate for .A.foodB. drinkC. a blanketD. friends7.（ C ）Where did dogs sleep in the cold winter? They slept .A.in the campB.near the fireC.under the snowD.in the forest8.（ C ）How many huskies were there in the team of nine dogs?A.EightB. SevenC. SixD. Five9.（C）The huskies from a nearby Indian village came to the camp .A.to fight with the team dogsB.to watch the flight between Buck and SpitzC.to look for foodD.to growl with each other10.（C）The indian dogs that attacked the team of Perrault and Francois can be said to be all of the following but .A.bony and skinnyB.wild and war-likeC.strong and fairD.hungry and crazy11.（D）Buck soon learned that Perrault and Francois .A.were as bad as the fat man who hit him with a clubB.liked him as much as Mr. Miller didC.only knew how to make dogs work for themD.were fair and honest men12.（B）Francois made four little shoes for Buck because .A.Buck worked the hardestB.Buck’s feet were not hard enough yetC.Buck was Francois’ favourite dogD.Buck asked for them insistently13.（B）Why is Buck a dangerous rival to Spitz? Because .A.Buck is largerB.Buck is more intelligentC.Buck is more patientD.Buck is more cruel14.（B）During the first part of the flight, .A.Spitz suffered from serious woundsB.Buck was too eager to attack wiselyC.Buck was untouchedD.Spitz ran away for fear15.（A）Buck won the battle for survival because of his .A.imaginationB.strenghthC.experienceD.courage16.Buck’s trying to be the new lead-dog proves all that is in his nature except D.A.IntelligentB. ambitionC. hard workD. timidness17.（B）What made Dave happy? .A.Eating his portion of foodB.Being in harnessC.Spending the night in the snowD.Becoming the leader of the dog team18.（B）After the gamble, Thornton and his partners traveled in the wilderness .A.with a lot of foodB.in search of an old gold mineC.steadily day after dayD.with a mapped destination19.( C)At the end of their wandering, they found .A.the lost gold mineB.fifty pounds of gold dustC.a valley rich in goldD.a treasure island20.（C）Buck cornered a wolf many times .A.to frighten himB.to fight with himC.to make friends with himD.to pay tricks on him21.（ A ）A moose could kill his enemy with .A.its horns and hoofsB.its heavy weightC.its patienceD.its intelligence22.（ A ）The Yeehats used as their weapons.A.arrowsB. gunsC. knivesD. sleds23.The author’s purpose in telling this story is to .A.reveal some people’s cruelty to animalsB.remind us of the contribution of dogs in the exploitation of the northC.point out that dogs can also be good workersD.demonstrate how dogs, like humans, learn to adapt themselves to a new life24.What do you know about dogs? Use some words to describe them. Carnivorous, Friendly, Dangerous, Useful, Intelligent, Loyal, Faithful, Domesticated, Strong.25.What country does Alaska belong to?The USA.26.Where is Alaska located?In the north west of Canada.27.What is the climate like?It is very cold and often snows heavily in winter.28.What wild animals live there?Polar bears, brown bears, wolves, eagles and foxes.29.Who were the first inhabitants of Alaska?The first inhabitants of Alaska arrived from Asia during the Ice Age.30.Why did Alaska suddenly became famous at the end of the 19th century?People discovered gold there.31.How did Buck feel when he saw the rope around his neck was given to a stanger? He was angry.32.What’s the introduction into the world of primitive law?Obeying the man with the club.33.How was Buck taken from South California to the north?First by train and then by ship.34.What did Buck mean by“fair play”?Respect and treat each other in a decent way.35.What lessons did he learn to help him survive?He learned how to dig a hole in the snow to keep warm while sleeping, how to behave while pulling the sled and how to steal food without being caught to avoid hunger.36.What type of men are Perrault and Francois?They are hard workers who are not afraid to take risks and determined to get their destination.37.What does Francois mean when he says:‘he’ll chew Spitz and spit him out on the snow’?Francois thinks Buck will eventually defeat Spitz.38.Why was Buck called ‘the primitive beast’?Because he used his primitive instincts to win the fight.39.How did the men feel when they knew that Spitz was dead?They were not surprised and thought there wouldn’t be trouble in the team anymore. 40.What did Francois and Perrault think about Buck? Why?They thought that Buck was very good because he knew how to make the dog team work well.41.What did Buck dream about?Buck dreamed about a primitive man.42.What was the ‘earlier world’ that Buck dreamed of?The ‘earlier world’ was a world thousands of years ago.43.Who was the ‘short, hairy man’?The ‘short, hairy man’ was a primitive man.44.Why was this world important to Buck?This world was important to Buck because by following his instincts he was getting closer and closer to an older and more promitive way of life.45.What happened to Dave?Dave got ill and was shot to death.46.What were Buck’s new owners like?Buck’s new owners were two men and a woman. The men were out of place and the woman was unhelpful. They were unorganised.47.Both men were clearly out of place, and why people like them had come to the north was a mystery. What does the italicized part ‘out of place’ mean?They were not suitable and incapable.48.Why couldn’t the dogs move the sled though they pulled hard?Because the sled was frozen to the ground.49.Why was it inevitable that Charles and Hal were certain to fail?They lacked experience in mastering dogs as well as the surrounding. What’s more, they always disagreed with each other on everything.50.What does the phrase ‘ dead tired’ mean?Extremely tired.51.Why did the food of the team go short?Because they lacked order, discipline, and careful calculation.52.What happened to Dub?Hal shot him with his pistol.53.What kind of person was Mercedes?Changeable, timid, sympathetic.54.What happened to Billie?Hal killed him with an axe.55.What’s Thornton’s reaction to their question? Why?Short and cold answers. Because he knew they wouldn’t follow his advice.56.What did Hal do when Buck refused to advance?He whipped and clubbed Buck cruelly.57.What did Buck sense when he refused to go?Danger close at hand.58.What happened to the team?They all fell into the river and disappeared.59.How has Buck changed from the start of the story?Buck has learnt how to survive in any situation.60.What kind of dog is he now?He is strong and intelligent with a highly developed survival instinct.61.Why did Buck attack ‘Black’ Burton?Because Burton punched Thornton unexpectedly.62.Why did Buck love his master so much?Because Thornton understood and loved him.63.In the gamble, which side did most people support?Mathewson’s side against Thornton.64.What is the ‘mysterious thing that called’?It is Buck’s natural instinct calling to him.65.How did Buck feel when he ran with his wild brother?Happy.66.Why did Buck decide to leave the wolf?Because he didn’t want to leave Thornton.67.On entering the forest, what did Buck become?A wild thing.68.What changed in Buck now? Why?Buck no longer felt the need to stay in civilised society as Thornton was dead. He was free to become wild.69.Who was the ‘Ghost Dog’?Buck.70.How did Buck gradually change from a peaceful household pet into a wild beast who returned to the forest?Buck, a pet dog, was stolen and sold to be a sled dog in the north. In the hostile environment, Buck learnt how to survive in dealing with different masters and dogs. At last, Buck lived with his wild brothers in the forest.71.What things did Buck learn in his first few days in Alaska?Buck learned how to survive.72.What is the significance of Spitz in the story?Spitz was Buck’s antagonist in the story. In order to defeat Spitz, Buck became cunning and fierce.73.What was the problem with Buck’s feet, and how did Francois solve it?Buck’s feet were soft and Francois made little shoes for him.74.What did the Huskies do at nine, twelve and three o’clock each night in Dawson?Why is this important in Buck’s development?The huskies howled at these times. This helped Buck get in touch with his primitive side.75.What helped Buck’s team break the record on the way back from Dawson with Francois and Perrault?They made the record run because the weather conditions were good.76.What trick did Buck use to beat Spitz in the final fight?Buck pretended he was going to jump and bite in the usual place but at least minute he attacked Spitz a different way.77.When Buck lay by the fire who and what did he dream about? How is this connected to the title of the book?Buck dreamt of an ancient primitive world and a man living in that world. His dream represents the ‘Wild’ in the title of the book.78.Who bought Buck and his team when they got back to Skaguay? What were these men like?Two men from the States bought Buck and the team. They lacked order and discipline. The men did not know how to do anything.79.How does Buck come to live with John Thornton?John Thornton saw Hal hitting Buck and he intervened and saved him.80.Who does Buck meet in the forest? What do they do together?He meets a wolf and they run through the forest together.81.What happens at the camp while Buck is away?The camp is attacked by Yeehat Indians and all the men are killed.82.What does Buck do in the end?In the end Buck becomes wild.83.Trace the changes Buck makes throughout the story. What is he like at the beginning? What is he like at the end?At the start of the book Buck is strong and good-natured. He belongs to Judge Miller and has an easy and comfortable life. At the end of the book he has developed his survival instinct to the full and has returned to the primitive world.84.How does Buck react when he sees what has happened at John Thornton’s camp? Buck rushes at the Yeehat Indians like a hurricane attacking and killing them.85.How does Buck win the respect of the wolf pack?He wins the respect of the wolf pack by defending himself and fighting them off.86.Who tells the story ‘The Call of the Wild’? Buck? John Thornton? Another character? Who else? Explain the reason for your choice.The story is told by a third person narrator who is not in the story.87.How is the story ‘The Call of the Wild’ told?With a linear plot that moves directly from A to B to C.88.What is the effect of this way of story-telling? Think of the books and stories you have read. How are they told?This gives us a sense of Buck’s development and how events affect and change him. 89.How many years does the book cover?The book covers a period of more than two years.90.What are the main events in the story ‘The Call of the Wild’?Buck’s arrival in Alaska.91.What events in the story bring Buck closer to ‘ the wild’?His instincts, his dreams and his meeting with the wolf.92.What does London mean at the end of the story when he says that Buck ‘howls out the song of the younger world’?He means that Buck is still not in touch with his wilder, primitive side.。
The Call of the Wild《野性的呼唤》—追寻生命的自由与本真
The Call of the Wild《野性的呼唤》—追寻生命的自由与本真作者：张玲来源：《新东方英语·中学版》2014年第07期杰克·伦敦(Jack London, 1876~1916)，美国著名的现实主义作家。
他一生著作颇丰，为世人留下了19部长篇小说、150多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了三个剧本以及相当多的随笔和论文。
其最著名的代表作有《马丁·伊登》(Martin Eden)、《野性的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild)、《白牙》(White Fang)、《海狼》(The Sea Wolf)、《铁蹄》(The Iron Heel)等小说，在全世界都广为流传。
他的很多作品讲述了美国下层人民的生活故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶，带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。
《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》，是杰克·伦敦于1903年发表的著名小说。
小说讲述了一只名叫巴克(Buck)的家养犬，被贩卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗，在极为恶劣的环境下，在饱受了各种虐待后，为了生存，最终回归野性的故事。
下文节选自小说第七章，讲述了巴克因深爱的主人约翰·桑顿(John Thornton)被害而野性爆发的故事。
As he held on he became more and more conscious of the new stir in the land. There was life abroad in it different from the life which had been there throughout the summer. Several times he stopped and drew in the fresh morning air in great sniffs, reading a message which made him leap on with greater speed. And as he crossed the last watershed1) and dropped down into the valley toward camp, he proceeded with greater caution.Three miles away he came upon a fresh trail that sent his neck hair bristling2). It led straight toward camp and John Thornton. Buck hurried on, swiftly and stealthily3).As Buck slid along with the obscureness of a gliding shadow, his nose was jerked suddenly to the side as though a positive force had gripped and pulled it. He followed the new scent into a thicket4) and found Nig. He was lying on his side, dead where he had dragged himself, an arrow protruding5) from either side of his body.A hundred yards farther on, Buck came upon one of the sled-dogs Thornton had bought in Dawson. This dog was thrashing6) about in a death-struggle, directly on the trail, and Buck passed around him without stopping. From the camp came the faint sound of many voices. Bellying7) forward to the edge of the clearing, he found Hans, lying on his face, feathered with arrows like a porcupine8). At the same instant Buck peered out and saw what made his hair leap straight up on his neck and shoulders. A gust of overpowering rage swept over him. He did not know that he growled,but he growled aloud with a terrible ferocity9). For the last time in his life he allowed passion to usurp10) reason, and it was because of his great love for John Thornton that he lost his head.The Yeehats11) were dancing when they heard a fearful roaring and saw rushing upon them an animal the like of which they had never seen before. It was Buck, a live hurricane of fury, hurling himself upon them in a frenzy to destroy. He sprang at the foremost man, ripping the throat wide open till the rent12) jugular13) spouted a fountain of blood. He did not pause to worry14) the victim, but ripped in passing, with the next bound tearing wide the throat of a second man. There was no withstanding him. He plunged about in their very midst, tearing, rending15), destroying, in constant and terrific motion which defied the arrows they discharged16) at him. In fact, so inconceivably17) rapid were his movements, and so closely were the Indians tangled18)together, that they shot one another with the arrows. Then a panic seized the Yeehats, and they fled in terror to the woods, proclaiming as they fled the advent19) of the Evil Spirit.And truly Buck was the Fiend20) incarnate21), raging at their heels and dragging them down like deer as they raced through the trees. It was a fateful day for the Yeehats. They scattered far and wide over the The Call of the Wild country. As for Buck, wearying of the pursuit, he returned to the desolated camp. He found Pete where he had been killed in his blankets in the first moment of surprise. Thornton's desperate struggle was fresh-written on the earth, and Buck scented every detail of it down to the edge of a deep pool. By the edge, head and fore feet in the water, lay Skeet, faithful to the last. The pool itself, muddy and discolored from the sluice22) boxes, effectually hid what it contained, and it contained John Thornton; for Buck followed his trace into the water, from which no trace led away.All day Buck brooded23) by the pool or roamed restlessly about the camp. Death, as a cessation24) of movement, as a passing out and away from the lives of the living, he knew, and he knew John Thornton was dead. It left a great void25) in him, somewhat akin to hunger, but a void which ached and ached, and which food could not fill. At times, when he paused to contemplate the carcasses26) of the Yeehats, he forgot the pain of it; and at such times he was aware of a great pride in himself—a pride greater than any he had yet experienced. He had killed man, the noblest game27) of all, and he had killed in the face of the law of club and fang28). He sniffed the bodies curiously. They had died so easily. It was harder to kill a husky29) dog than them. They were no match at all.1. watershed [ˈwɔːtəʃed] n. 分水岭2. bristle [ˈbrɪsl] vi. (毛发因寒冷、恐惧、愤怒等而)竖立；直立3. stealthily [ˈstelθɪli] adv. 悄悄地；偷偷摸摸地4. thicket [ˈθɪkɪt] n. 灌木丛5. protrude [prəˈtruːd] vi. [正式]突出；凸出6. thrash [θræʃ] vi. 猛烈扭动7. bell y [ˈbeli] vi. 匍匐前进，爬行8. porcupine [ˈpɔːkjupaɪn] n. 豪猪；箭猪9. ferocity [fəˈrɒsəti] n. 凶猛；残暴10. usurp [juːˈzɜːp] vt. [正式]夺取；据为己有11. Yeehats: 印第安人，是作者虚构的一个北美洲原住民部落，生性残暴。
The-Call-of-the-Wild《野性的呼唤》
Plot一只名叫巴克的大狗与主人在加利福尼亚州的一个牧场上过着安逸的生活，他的主人是一名法官。
有一天他被园丁偷走并卖掉以偿还赌债。
巴克被带到了阿拉斯加，辗转卖给两个法裔加拿大人，他们对巴克的外形感到很满意，于是将他训练成了一只雪橇犬。
很快巴克通过观察他的队友们，学会了如何在这个寒冷的冬天以及这个弱肉强食的社会上生存下来。
随后巴克又被卖掉，并先后换过好几个主人，这些经历都使他不断地提高自己的能力，成为了雪橇犬的头领。
Eventually, Buck is sold to a man named Hal, who knows nothing about sledding nor survivingin the Alaskan wilderness, nor does his wife and her brother. They struggle to control the sled and ignore warnings not to travel during the spring melt. As they journey on, they run into Thornton, an experienced outdoors man, who notices that all of the sled dogs are in terrible shape from the ill treatment of their handlers4. Thornton warns them against crossing the river, but they refuse to listen and order Buck to mush5. Exhausted, starving, and sensing the danger ahead, Buck refuses. Recognizing him as a remarkable dog and disgusted6 by the driver’s beating of the dog, Thornton cuts him free from his traces and tells the trio he’s keeping him. After some argument, the trio leave s and tries to cross the river, but as Thornton warned, the ice gives way and they drown.最后，巴克被卖给了一个叫哈尔的人，哈尔、哈尔的妻子和她哥哥对乘雪橇一点经验都没有，也对阿拉斯加的荒野生存一无所知。
野性的呼唤( The Call of the Wild)
The Call of the Wild1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers．He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California．Men had found gold in the Yukon，and these men wanted big，strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north．Buck lived in Mr Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house，and a river nearby．In a big place like this，of course，there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs，but they were not important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here，and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went swimming with Mr Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back，and he sat at Mr Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．But this was 1897，and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold．And he did not know that Manuel，one of Mr Miller's garden－ers，needed money for his large family．One day，when Mr Miller was out，Manuel and Buck left the garden together．It was just an evening walk，Buck thought．No one saw them go，and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station．This man talked to Manuel，and gave him some money ．Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck．Buck growled，and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck．He jumped at the man．The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth．For a few moments he was unable to move，and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train．When Buck woke up，the train was still moving．The man was sitting and watching him，but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard．Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go．That evening，the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco．The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood．‘How much are they paying you for this？’he asked．‘I only get fifty dollars．’‘And the man who stole him—how much did he get？’asked the barman．‘A hundred．He wouldn't take less．’‘That makes a hundred and fifty．It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here，help me to get him into this．’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box．He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar．His neck still ached with pain from the rope，and he could not understand what it all meant ．What did they want with him，these strange men？And where was Mr Miller？The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a trainto the north．For two days and nights the train travelled north，and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank．Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box．For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirsti-er．His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved．In Seattle four men took Buck to a small，high－walled back garden，where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting．Buck was now very angry indeed and hejumped and bit at the sides of his box．The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club．‘Are you going to take him out now？’asked one of the men．‘Of course，’answered the fat man，and he began to break the box with his axe．Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place．As the fat man hit the box with his axe，Buck jumped at the sides，growling and biting，pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood．After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out．‘Now，come here，red eyes，’said the fat man，dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand．Buck jumped at the man，sixty kilos of anger，his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck．Just before his teeth touched the skin，the man hit him with the club．Buck fell to the ground．It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand．He stood up，and jumped again．Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground．T en times he jumped at the man，and ten times the club hit him．Slowly he got to his feet，now only just able to stand．There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears．Then the fat man walked up and hit him again，very hard，on the nose．The pain was terrible．Again，Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground．A last time he jumped，and this time，when the man knocked him down，Buck did not move．‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson，’said one of the men on the wall．Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station．‘His name is Buck，’said the fat man to himself，reading the letter that had come with the box．‘Well，Buck，my by，’he said in a friendly voice，‘we've argued a little，and I think the best thing to do now is to stop．Be a good dog and we'll be friends．But if you're a bad dog，I'll have to use my club again．Understand？’As he spoke，he touched Buck’s head，and although Buck was angry inside，he did not move．When the man brought him water and meat，Buck drank and then ate the meat，piece by piece，from the man's hand．Buck was beaten（he knew that）but he was not broken．He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him．Every day he saw more dogs arrive，and each dog was beaten by the fat man．Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed，although he did not have to be a friend．Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs．Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs．One day a short，dark man came and looked at Buck．‘That's a good dog！’he cried．‘How much do you want for him？’‘Three hundred dollars．It's a good price，Perrault，’said the fat man．Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price．He knew dogs，and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog．‘One in ten thousand，’Perrault said to himself．Buck saw money put into the fat man’s hand，and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault．He took them to a ship，and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away．They had seen the warm south for the last time．Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship．There they met another man，Francois．Perrault was a French－Canadian，but Francois was half－Indian，tall and dark．Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men，calm and honest．And they knew everything about dogs．There were two other dogs on the ship．One was a big dog called Spitz，as white as snow．He was friendly to Buck at first，always smiling．He was smiling when he tried to steal Buck’s food at the first meal．Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move．Buck decided that this was fair，and began to like Francois a little．Dave，the other dog，was not friendly．He wanted to be alone all the time．He ate and slept and was interested in nothing．One day was very like another，but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder．One morning，the ship's engines stopped，and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship．Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside．At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white．He jumped back in surprise．The soft，white thing was also falling through the air，and it fell onto him．He tried to smell it，and then caught some on his tongue．It bit like fire，and then dis appeared．He tried again and the same thing happened．People were watching him and laughing，and Buck felt ashamed，although he did not know why．It was his first snow．2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible．Every hour there was some new，frightening surprise．There was no peace，no rest—only continual noise and movement．And every minute there was danger，because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men．They knew only the law of club and tooth．Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs；they were like wolves．In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly．She tried to make friends with a dog，a big one，al －though not as big as she was．There was no warning．The dog jumped on Curly，his teeth closed together，then he jumped away，and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth．Wolves fight like this，biting and jumping away，but the fight did not finish then．Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight，watching silently．Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her；he bit her a second time，and jumped away．When she attacked him again，he knocked her backwards，and she fell on the ground．She never stood up again，because this was what the other dogs were waiting for．They moved in，and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs．It was all very sudden．Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongue out of his mouth，laughing．Then he saw Francois with an axe，and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs．Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away．But Curly lay dead in the snow，her body torn almost to pieces．Curly's death often came backto Buck in his dreams．He understood that once a dog was down on the ground，he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing，and from that moment he hated him．Then Buck had another surprise．Francois put a harness on him．Buck had seen harnesses on horses，and now he was made to work like a horse，pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire．Buck worked with Spitz andDave．The two other dogs had worked in a har－ness before，and Buck learnt by watching them．He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted．‘Those three are very good dogs，’Francois told Perrault．‘That Buck pulls very well，and he's learning quickly．’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City，so that afternoon he bought two more dogs，two brothers called Billee and Joe．Billee was very friendly，but Joe was the opposite．In the evening Perrault bought one more dog，an old dog with one eye ．His name was Sol-leks，which means The Angry One．Like Dave，he made no friends；all he wanted was to be alone．That night Buck discovered another problem．Where was he going to sleep？Francois and Perrault were in their tent，but when he went in，they shouted angrily and threw things at him．Outside it was very cold and windy．He lay down in the snow，but he was too cold to sleep．He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs．But，to his surprise，they had disappeared．He walked around Perrault's tent，very，very cold，wondering what to do．Sud-denly，the snow under his feet fell in，and he felt something move．He jumped back，waiting for the attack，but heard on-ly a friendly bark．There，in a warm hole under the snow，was Billee．So that was what you had to do．Buck chose a place，dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep．He slept well，although his dreams were bad．When he woke up，at first he did not know where he was．It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him．Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal when it is caught and cannot escape．Growling，he threw himself at the snow，and a moment later，he had jumped upwards into the daylight．He saw the tents and re －membered everything，from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before．‘What did I say？’shouted Francois to Perrault，when he saw Buck come up out of the snow．‘That Buck learns quickly．’Perrault smiled slowly．He was carrying important papers，and he needed good dogs．He was very pleased to have Buck．They bought three more dogs that morning，and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon．Buck was not sorry to be moving，and although it was hard work，he almost enjoyed it．He was also surprised to see that Dave and Sol－leks no longer looked bored and miserable．Pulling in a harness was their job，and they were happy to do it．Dave was sledge－dog，the dog nearest to the sledge．In front of him was Buck，thencame Sol-leks．In front of them were the six other dogs，with Spitz as leader at the front．Francois had put Buck between Dave and Sol－leks because they could teach him the work．Buck learnt well，and they were good teachers．When Buck pulled the wrong way，Dave always bit his leg，but only lightly．Once，when they stopped，Buck got tied up in his harness，and it took ten minutes to get started again．Both Dave and Sol －leks gave him a good beating for that mistake．Buck understood，and was more careful after that．It was a hard day's journey，up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains．They camped that night at Lake Bennett．Here there were thousands of gold miners．They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring．Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well，but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge．The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometres．But the next day，and for days afterwards，they were on new snow．The work was harder and they went slowly．Usually，Perrault went in front，on snowshoes，flattening the snow a little for the dogs．Francois stayed by the sledge．Sometimes the two men changed places，but there were many small lakes and rivers，and Perrault understood ice better．He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin．Day after day Buck pulled in his harness．They started in the morning before it was light，and they stopped in the evening after dark，ate a piece of fish，and went to sleep in their holes under the snow．Buck was always hungry．Francoisgave him 750 grams of dried fish a day，and it was never enough．The other dogs were given only 500 grams；they were smaller and could stay dive on less food．Buck learnt to eat quickly；if he was too slow，the other dogs stole his food．He saw Pike，one of the new dogs，steal some meat from the sledge when Perrault wasn't looking．The next day Buck stole some and got away unseen．Perrault was very angry，but he thought another dog，Dub，had taken it and so punished him instead of Buck．Buck was learning how to live in the north．In the south he had never stolen，but there he had never been so hungry．He stole cleverly and secretly，remembering the beatings from the man with the club．Buck was learning the law of club and tooth．He learnt to eat any food—anything that he could get his teeth into．He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink He was stronger，harder，and could see and smell better than ever before ．In a way，he was remembering back to the days when wild dogs travelled in packs through the forest，killing for meat as they went．It was easy for him to learn to fight like a wolf，because it was in his blood．In the evenings，when he pointed his nose at the moon and howled long and loud，he was remembering the dogs and wolves that had come before him．3 The wild animalThe wild animal was strong in Buck，and as he travelled across the snow，it grew stronger and stronger．And as Buck grew stronger，he hated Spitz more and more，although he was careful never to start a fight．But Spitz was always showing his teeth to Buck，trying to start a fight．And Buck knew that if he and Spitz fought，one of them would die．The fight almost happened one night when they stopped by Lake Laberge．There was heavy snow and it was very cold．The lake was frozen and Francois，Perrault，and the dogs had to spend the night on the ice，under a big rock．Buck had made a warm hole in the snow and was sorry to leave it to get his piece of fish．But when he had eaten．and returned to his hole，he found Spitz in it．Buck had tried not to fight Spitz be－fore，but this was too much．He attacked him angrily．Spitz was surprised．He knew Buck was big，but he didn’t know he was so wild．Francois was surprised too，and guessed why Buck was angry．‘Go on Buck！’he shouted．‘Fight him，the dirty thief！’Spitz was also ready to fight，and the two dogs circled one another，looking for the chance to jump in．But suddenly there was a shout from Perrault，and they saw eighty or a hundred dogs around the sledge．The dogs came from an Indian village，and they were searching for the food that they could smell on the sledge．Perrault and Francois tried to fight them off with their clubs，but the dogs，made crazy by the smell of the food，showed their teeth and fought back．Buck had never seed dogs like these．They were all skin and bone，but hunger made them fight like wild things．Three of them attacked Buck and in seconds his head and legs were bad－ly bitten．Dave and Sol-leks stood side by side，covered in blood，fighting bravely．Joe and Pike jumped on one dog，and Pike broke its neck with one bite．Buck caught another dog by the neck and tasted blood．He threw himself on the next one，and then felt teeth in his own neck．It was Spitz，attacking him from the side．Perrault and Francois came to help with clubs，but then they had to run back to save the food ．It was safer for the nine sledge－dogs to run away across the lake．Several of them were badly hurt，and they spent an unhappy night hiding among the tress．At first light they returned to the sledge and found Perrault and Francois tired and angry．Half their food was gone．The Indian dogs had even eaten one of Perrault's shoes．Francois looked at his dogs unhappily．‘Ah，my friends，’he said softly，‘Perhaps those bites will make you ill．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault said nothing．They still had six hundred kilometres to travel，and he hoped very much that his sledge－dogs had not caught rabies from the Indian dogs．The harness was torn and damaged and it was two hours be－fore they were moving，travelling slowly and painfully over the most difficult country that they had been in．The Thirty Mile River was not frozen．It ran too fast to freeze．They spent six days trying to find a place to cross，and every step was dangerous for dogs and men．Twelve times they found ice bridges across the river，and Perrault walked carefully onto them，holding a long piece of wood．And twelve times he fell through a bridge and was saved by the piece of wood，which caught on the sides of the hole．But the tempera-ture was 45°below zero，and each time Perrault fell into the water，he had to light a fire to dry and warm himself．Once，the sledge fell through the ice，with Dave and Buck，and they were covered in ice by the time Perrault and Francois pulled them out of the river．Again，a fire was needed to save them．Another time，Spitz and the dogs in front fell through the ice—Buck and Dave and Francois at the sledge had to pull backwards．That day they travelled only four hundred metres．When they got to the Hootalinqua and good ice，Buck and the other dogs were very，very tired．But they were late，so Perrault made them run faster．In three days they went a hun－dred and eighty kilometres and reached the Five Fingers．The other dogs had hard feet from years of pulling sledges，but Buck's feet were still soft from his easy life down south．All day he ran painfully，and when they camped for the night，he lay down like a dead dog．He was hungry，but he was too tired to walk to the fish，so Francois brought it to him．One day Francois made four little shoes for him，and this made Buck much more comfortable．Francois forgot the shoes one morning，and Buck refused to move．He lay on his back with his feet in the air，until Francois put the shoes on．Later his feet grew harder and the shoes were not needed．One morning，at the Pelly River，a dog called Delly went suddenly mad．She howled long and loud like a wolf and then jumped at Buck．Buck ran，with Dolly one step behind him．She could not catch him，but he could not escape from her．They ran half a kilometre，and then Buck heard Francois call to him．He turned and ran towards the man，sure that Francois would save him．Francois stood ，holding his axe，and as Buck passed，the axe crashed down on Dolly's head．Buck fell down by the sledge，too tired to move．Immedi-ately，Spitz attacked him and bit his helpless enemy twice，as hard as he could．But Francois saw this，and gave Spitz a ter－rible beating for it．‘He's a wild dog，that Spitz，’said Perrault．‘One day he'll kill Buck．’‘Buck is wilder，’replied Francois．‘I've been watching him．One day he'll get very angry and he'll fight Spitz；and he'll win．’Francois was right．Buck wanted to be lead-dog．Spitz knew this and hated him．Buck started to help the other dogs when Spitz punished them for being lazy．One morning，Pike refused to get up，and Spitz looked for him everywhere．When he found him，he jumped at him．But suddenly，Buck at－tacked Spitz．The other dogs saw this，and it became more and more difficult for Spitz to lead them．But the days passed without a chance for a fight，and soon they were pulling into Dawson City on a cold grey afternoon．They stayed in Dawson for seven days．When they left，Perrault was carrying some more very important papers，and he wanted to travel back as fast as possible．They travelled eighty kilometres the first day，and the same the second．But it was difficult work for Francois．Buck and Spitz hated each other，and the other dogs were not afraid of Spitz any more．One night Pike stole half a fish from Spitz，and ate it standing next to Buck．And every time Buck went near Spitz，he growled and the hair on his back stood up angri-ly．The other dogs fought in their harnesses and Francois often had to stop the sledge．He knew that Buck was the problem，but Buck was too clever for him and Francois never saw him actually starting a fight．One night in camp，the dogs saw a snow rabbit and in a sec-ond they were all chasing it，with Spitz in front．Nearby was another camp，with fifty dogs，who also Joined the chase．The rabbit was running fast on top of the snow，but the snow was soft，and it was more difficult for the dogs．When Spitz caught the rabbit，throwing it in the air with his teeth，Buck was just behind．Spitz stopped，and Buck hit him，very hard．The two dogs fell in the snow．Spitz bit Buck very quickly，twice，and then jumped away，watching carefully．The time had come，and Buck knew that either he or Spitz must die．They watched one another，circling slowly．Themoon was shining brightly on the snow，and in the cold still air not a leaf moved on the trees．The other dogs finished eating the rabbit and then turned to watch．Spitz was a good fighter．He was full of hate and anger，but he was also intelligent．Every time Buck tried to bite his throat，he met Spitz's own teeth．Then，each time Buck attacked，Spitz moved and bit him on the side as he passed．After a few minutes，Buck was covered in blood．He attacked again，but this time turned at the last minute and went under Spitz，biting his left front leg．The bone broke，and Spitz was standing on three legs．Buck tried to knock Spitz down，and then repeated his earlier attack and broke Spitz's right front leg．There was no hope for Spitz now．Buck got ready for his final attack，while the circle of sixty dogs watched，and crowded nearer and nearer，waiting for the end．At last Buck jumped，in and out，and Spitz went down in the snow．A second later the waiting pack was on top of him，and Spitz had disappeared．Buck stood and watched．The wild animal had made its kill．4 The new lead-dog‘Well，what did I say？Buck’s a real fighter，all right，’said Francois the next morning when he discovered that Spitz had disappeared and that Buck was covered in blood．‘Spitz fought like a wolf，’said Perrault，as he looked at the bites all over Buck．‘And Buck fought like ten wolves，’answered Francois．‘And we'll travel faster now．No more Spitz，no more trouble．’Francois started to harness the dogs．He needed a new lead－dog，and decided that Sol-leks was the best dog that he had．But Buck jumped at Sol－leks and took his place．‘Look at Buck！’said Francois，laughing．‘He's killed Spitz，and now he wants to be lead－dog．Go away，Buck！’He pulled Buck away and tried to harness Sol－leks again．Sol-leks was unhappy too．He was frightened of Buck，and when Francois turned his back，Buck took Sol-leks’place again．Now Francois was angry．‘I'll show you！’he cried，and went to get a heavy club from the sledge．Buck remembered the man in the red coat，and moved away．This time，when Sol-leks was harnessed as lead-dog，Buck did not try to move in．He kept a few metres away and circled around Francois carefully．But when Francois called him to his old place in front of Dave，Buck refused．He had won his fight with Spitz and he wanted to be lead－dog．For an hour the two men tried to harness him．Buck did not run away，but he did not let them catch him．Finally，Francois sat down，and Perrault looked at his watch．It was getting late．The two men looked at one another and smiled Francois walked up to Sol-leks，took off his harness，led him back and harnessed him in his old place．Then hecalled Buck．All the other dogs were harnessed and the only empty place was now the one at the front But Buck did not move．‘Put down the club，’said Perrault．Francois dropped the club，and immediately Buck came up to the front of the team．Francois harnessed him ，and in a minute the sledge was moving．Buck was an excellent leader．He moved and thought quick－ly and led the other dogs well．A new leader made no differ－ence to Dave and Sol-leks；they continued to pull hard ．But the other dogs had had an easy life when Spitz was leading．They were surprised when Buck made them work hard and punished them for their mistakes Pike，the second dog，was usually lazy；but by the end of the first day he was pulling harder than he had ever pulled in his life．The first night in camp Buck fought Joe，another difficult dog，and after that there were no more problems with him．The team started to pull together，and to move faster and faster．‘I've never seen a dog like Buck！’cried Francois，‘Never！He's worth a thousand dollars ．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault agreed．They were moving quickly，and covering more ground every day The snow was good and hard，and no new snow fell．The temperature dropped to 45°below zero，and didn't change．This time there was more ice on the Thirty Mile River，and they crossed in a day．Some days they ran a hundred kilome－tres，or even more They reached Skagway in fourteen days；the fastest time ever．For three days the dogs rested in Skagway．Then Francois put his arms around Buck's neck and said goodbye to him．And that was the last of Francois and Perrault．Like other men，they passed out of Buck's life for ever．Two new men took Buck and his team back north on the long journey to Dawson，travelling with several other dog－teams．It was heavy work；the sledge was loaded with letters for the gold miners of Dawson．Buck did not like it，but he worked hard，and made the other dogs work hard，too．Each day was the same．They started early，before it was light，and at night they stopped and camped and the dogs ate．For the dogs this was the best part of the day，first eating，then resting by the fire．Buck liked to lie by the fire，looking at the burning wood．Sometimes he thought about Mr Miller's house in California．More of ten he remembered the man in the red coat and his club，the death of Curly，the fight with Spitz，and the good things that he had eaten But sometimes he remembered other things These were things that he remembered through his parents，and his parents parents，and all the dogs which had lived before him．Sometimes as he lay there，he seemed to see，in a waking dream，a different fire．And he saw next to him，not the Indian cook，but another man，a man with shorter legs，and longer arms．This man had long hair and deep eyes，and madestrange noises in his throat He was very frightened of the dark，and looked around him all the time，holding a heavy stone in his hand ．He wore the skin of an animal on his back，and Buck could see thick hair all over his body．Buck sat by the fire with this hairy man，and in the circling darkness beyond the fire he could see many eyes—the eyes of hungry animals waiting to attack．And he growled softly in his dream until the Indian cook shouted，‘Hey，Buck，wake up！’Then the strange world disappeared and Buck's eyes saw the real fire again．When they reached Dawson，the dogs were tired，and needed a week's rest But in two days they were moving south again，with another heavy load of letters．Both dogs and men were unhappy．It snowed every day as well，and on soft new snow it was harder work pulling the sledges．The men took good care of their dogs．In the evenings，the dogs ate first，the men second，and they always checked the dogs’feet before they slept．But every day the dogs became weaker．Buck had pulled sledges for three thousand kilometres that winter，and he was as tired as the others．But Dave was not only tired；he was ill．Every evening he lay down the minute after the sledge stopped，and did not stand up until morning．The men looked at him，but they could find no broken bones．Something was wrong inside．One day he started to fall down while in his harness．The sledge stopped，and the driver took him out of his harness．He wanted to give him a rest，and let him run free behind the sledge．But Dave did not want to stop working．He hated to see another dog doing his work，so he ran along beside the sledge，trying to push Sol-leks out of his place．When the sledge made its next stop，Dave bit through Sol-leks’harness and pushed him away．Then he stood there，in his old place in front of the sledge，waiting for his harness and the order to start pulling．The driver decided it was kinder to let him work．Dave pulled all day，but the next morning he was too weak to move．The driver harnessed up without Dave，and drove a few hun-dred metres．Then he stopped，took his gun，and walked back．The dogs heard a shot，and then the man came quickly back．The sledge started to move again；but Buck knew，and every dog knew，what had happened．5 More hard work。
_野性的呼唤_theCalloftheWild_浅析及三种译文之对比
○ 文学语言学研究 ２００７年第５２期 考试 周刊
《野性的呼唤》（ｔｈｅ Ｃａ ｌｌ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｗｉｌｄ） 浅析及三种译文之对比
王华立
（ 广西大学 外国语学院， 广西 南宁 ５３０００４）
摘 要 ： 小 说 《野 性 的 呼 唤 》（ 又 译 《荒 野 的 呼 唤 》） 是 美 国 作家杰克·伦敦最为著名的作品。该小说作为名著， 已有多种 中译版本。本文试析原著的风格， 并对比蒋天佐、胡春兰和贾 文浩三位译者的译本（ 分别由河北教育出版社、人民文学出版 社及北京燕山出版社出版） ， 浅谈各译本的优劣得失， 同时提 出对同一文学作品的不同译本进行比较时， 应引进共时和历 时的观点作为标准之一。
【精品】The-call-of-the-wild-PPT-野性的呼唤源自内心完整版
He was preeminently cunning, and could bide his time with a patience that nothing less than primitive.
他是头等的狡猾，并且能够用他天 生就有的的那种忍耐等待时机。
故事
发展
• 在一个法官的家里过着养尊处优的生活 • 被法官那贪婪的助手给拐卖到一个训练狗拉雪橇
的人手里
• 到严寒的阿拉斯加岛上拉雪橇 • 受尽了皮肉和精神的双重折磨 • 渐渐适应了没有人性的生活 • 打败了他的对手，当上了领头军 • 换了主人，受尽鞭打。仁慈的桑顿带着他离开了 • 桑顿被土著居民打死，暴怒的巴克为了给主人报
was then only forty years old.
Jack believed in self---struggle, and strove very hard to be the strong of life, because he learnt the law of the nature ,the strong conquered the weak. He also held very active and enthusiastic attitude toward life. The following quotation may fully illustrate what he was .
仇咬死了许多人
• 野性在向他呼唤，他加入了狼群，走向了那本属 于他的—野性
More Details
Buck, the main character, is a Saint Bernard and Scotch Shepherd cross, which gives him the appearance of an exceptionally large dog that looks similar to a wolf. Buck leads a comfortable life as the pet of Judge Miller in the ‘sunkissed’ Santa Clara Valley of Northern California. Judge Miller‘s gardener’s assistant, Manuel, along with a friend, abducts the dog and sells him to a trainer of sled dogs, which were in great demand due to the discovery of “a yellow metal” in the frozen lands of the Yukon, Alaska. Slowly introduced to the brutality of his new life, Buck is forced to survive and adapt to conditions in Alaska and the Yukon. He works pulling sleds with other dogs, learns to steal food, and engages in power struggle with other dogs for the lead position in the sled team. He becomes the leader of the sled
TheCalloftheWild《野性的呼唤》读书报告.docx
The Wild is still calling——After reading The Call of The Wild Published in 1903,The Call of the Wild isJack London ’ s famous novel set during the Klondike Gold Rush. Its author, JackLondon, who had been a prospector in the Klondike Gold Rush in the late 1890s, was regarded as the America’ s most famous author at that time.The novel ’ s protagonist is a dog named Buck, a physically impressive dog, livingthe good life in California when he gets stolen and put into dog slavery. For him, thismeans pulling a ridiculously heavy sled through miles and miles of frozen ice withlittle or nothing to eat and frequent beatings. As the definition of a domestic dog,Buck is out of his element until he begins to adapt to his surroundings, and learnfrom the other dogs.stay with Thornton, or kill things? Be civilized, or be wild? And naturallythere are several missed phone calls from the wild.At the end of theCall of the Wild, Thornton is killed by the Yeehat tribe. Buckis then freeto run with the wild dog packs.The novel deals with Buck as though he were a person with thoughts andemotions and touches me by its theme of pursuing ancestral memory and primitive instincts.When Buck enters the wild, he must learn countless lessons in order tosurvive, and he learns them well. But the novel suggests that his success in the frozenNorth is not merely a matter of“ learning” ; rather, Buck gradually“ re instincts and memories that his wild ancestors possed, which have been buried inmodern civilized creatures,dogs. The technical term for what happens to Buck is atavism—the reappearance in a modern creature of traits that was defined by itsremote forefathers. London returns to this theme again and again, constantlyreminding us that Buck is“ retrogressing” , as the novelputs it into a wilder way that all dogs once shared——“ He was older than the dayshe had seen and thebreaths he had drawn.” Buck even has occasional visionsolderofthisworld, when humans wore animal skins and lived in caves, and when wild dogs hunted their preyin the primeval forests. His connection to his ancestral identity is more thaninstinctual; it is mystical. The civilized world, which seems so strong, turns out to be nothing more than a thin veneer, which is quickly worn away to reveal the ancient instinctslying dormant underneath. Buck hears the call of the wild, and London implies that, in the right circumstances, we might hear it too.Jack London isnt necessarily’ making the claim that we should all run around naked,killing and eating with our bare hands. Instead, he uses a dog to ask the question of what all this civilization is really doing for us. Because aside from the starvation, beatings, and the nearly freezing to death, Buck might just be better off in the wild than where he was before this whole mess began. Why? Because ithe was meant to do, what his body was built for. So the next time you find yourself on the verge of giving in to those primal instincts, take a minute. And pick up the phone, because The Wild is still calling.。
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Work summary(作品简介）. Artistic value（艺术价值）. Works of Enlightenment（作品的 启示）. Personal feeling(个人心得）.
Work summary
• "The call of the wild", also known as "the call of the wild" (The Call of the Wild), the America famous writer Jack London. Works with a dog experience shows the civilized world dog owner forced back to barbarism, writing is a dog, also reflects the people of the world. This has been in rapid removal of desire, dust: heavy sleep, wild return. Buck was judge of a dog's Miller, after a civilization, has been living in the south of California America a warm valley. After being sold to USA cold northern remote, gold rich Alaska, into a sled dog.
Artistic value
Combination of realism and romanticism of the perfect. Multiple themes.(1)natural inspiration.(2)The survival of the fittest principle.(3)The refraction of social life.(4)struggling spirit(5)humanitarian spirit The narrative angle of view multiple. Metaphor, symbolism.
Works of Enlightenment
Using multiple narrative（多元叙事的运 用）. Language reference（语言的鉴赏）. Mining potential(挖掘潜能）.In the fierce competition to make a strong and rapid adaptation. Strong life will（顽强的生命意志）.
Personal feeling
• In today's competitive society, winning in a flash, causes the human can not have the slightest breath and hesitation, in the face of the crisis can only be brave to accept, and ultimately conquer...... （在当今竞争激烈的社会，胜负就 在一刹那间，导致人类不能有半点 喘息与犹豫，面对危机只有勇敢接 受，并最终征服……）