2010-2023历年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考一模英语试卷(带解析)

2010-2023历年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考一模英语试卷（带解析）
第1卷
一.参考题库(共20题)
1.
Food waste has become a big problem in China.
Zhou Jinsong, a canteen(食堂) manager at Central South University, said that students produce over 12 barrels(桶) of leftovers every day — each barrel stands at one meter in height. Zhou’s canteen is just one of several on the campus.
According to Xinhua News Agency, the food wasted by Chinese people equates to about 50 million tons of grain every year, or 10 percent of the country’s total annual grain production. This food could feed another 200 million people. What students waste every year could feed over 10 million people. Students nowadays are well protected by their families and hardly know how hard farmers work to provide them with the food they eat.
“Since the 1980s, when Chinese gradually became richer, food waste has been a subject of debate. But things have hardly changed over the years,” said Yu Changjiang, a sociologist at Peking University. “It’s the Chinese way of showing respect to friends, often referred as Mianzi.”
But rather than tradition, huge public spending on government banquets(宴会) is also causing food waste, said Zhou Xiaozheng from the sociology department at Renmin University of China. “It’s the result of widespread reception meals at government levels.
It is also important that everyone thinks about how they can do their best to reduce food waste.”
【小题1】Which of the following statements is not the reasons for food waste? A．Students hardly know farmers’ hard work on the farm.
B．The government spends a large amount of money on government banquets. C．Leaving some food after a banquet is the Chinese way to show respect to guests. D．The food in the college canteen is not delicious.
【小题2】Where can we probably read this passage?
A．In a newspaper.
B．In a traffic report.
C．On a health website.
D．In a story book.
2.As you are soon on your way to Eastern Europe, here are a few tips on what you should pack. In general, pack lightly, with only the most basic clothes. People dress casually(随便地) in Eastern Europe, so you don’t need to bring along your smartest clothing.
Batteries: If your camera, flash, or other appliances run on batteries, bring enough supply along. Certain types of batteries don’t exist in Eastern Europe, and those that do o ften don’t last very long.
Cash: We have found it good to have supply of small-unit U.S. bills($1and $5) to use in hard–currency stores, to buy international train tickets, etc. The hard–currency stores never seem to have the rightchange.
Electric Current Adapter(转换器): If you bring any appliances, remember that the electricity in Eastern Europe uses 220 volts A.C., not the standard 110 volts of North America. A 110 volts appliance will soon burn out when attached to an unchanged 220-volt plug.
Language Tools: One of Europe’s biggest challenges is communicating with the local people since their languages are so different from our own. To help overcome difficulties, you might buy phrasebooks before you go —you won’t find them once you are in Eastern Europe.
Money Belt: A money belt is especially helpful when you have many documents to carry around ( as you always do in Eastern Europe). The best one we find is made by Eagle Greek Travel Gear, 143 Cedros Ave. (P. O. box 651), Solona Beach, CA 92075 (tel. 619/755 – 9399, or toll free 800/874 – 9925) outside California.
Traveler’s Checks: These are necessary. Bring your traveler’s checks in small to medium unit ($10, $20, or $50) to change a little bit at a time, so as not to be left with a lot of local money. To be on the safe side, be sure to copy down the check numbers in two places, just in case something happens to the checks.
【小题1】How many tips are mentioned in the passage?
A．6
B．7
C．8
D．9
【小题2】Which of the following things may be the biggest challenge in Eastern Europe?
A．Appliances.
B．Money.
C．Language.
D．Clothes.
【小题3】Which of the following statements is NOT a fact according to the passage?
A. No shop in Eastern Europe accepts hard currency.
B. Travelers may need to carry many documents in Eastern Europe.
C. The electricity in Eastern Europe uses 220 volts A.C.
D. Eastern European languages can be a problem to foreign travelers.
【小题4】What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
A．To tell you it’s not easy to stay in Eastern Europe.
B．To give you some advice on what you should pack when you’re in Eastern Europe. C．To tell you something about the life in Eastern Europe.
D．To show you the life in Eastern Europe is different from that in your country. 【小题5】What do the underlined words “change” and “check” probably mean according to the given dictionary entries(词条)?
change
1. [V] to become different 改变；变化
2. [V] to exchange money into the money of another country 兑换
3. [U] the money that you get back when you have paid for sth giving more money than the amount it costs 找给的零钱；找头
check
1. [V] to examine sth to see if it is correct, safe or acceptable 检查；审查
2. [C] an act of making sure that sth is safe, correct or in good condition by examining it 检查；查看
3. [C] a printed form that you can write on and sign as a way of paying for sth instead of using money 支票
A．1; 3
B．3; 3
C．2; 3
D．2; 2
3.—Hurry up, Mum. The lights are turned on. Dad has been back.
—It _________ be him. He has gone to Shanghai.
A．must
B．can’t
C．mustn’t
D．may
4.
CN Tower Hours
Due to(由于) construction around the CN Tower, the only access for visitors who may require help with strollers(婴儿车) or wheelchairs, is Bremner Blvd.
The CN Tower is open 364 days a year (closed on Christmas Day). Hours of Operation are adjusted(调整) from time to time.
Please call (416) 86-TOWER to confirm the hours for the date of your visit.
Tower Hours
Information Desk opens at 8:30
Observation Levels
Sunday through Thursday Friday & Saturday
LookOut 9:00am - 10:00pm 9:00am - 10:30pm
Glass Floor 9:00am - 10:00pm 9:00am - 10:30pm
SkyPod 9:00am - 10:00pm 9:00am - 10:30pm
Attractions
Himalamazon motion theatre ride 10:00am - 9:00pm
Film 10:00am - 9:00pm (last show 9pm)
360 Restaurant
Lunch 11:00am - 2:00pm
Sunday Lunch 10:30am - 2:00pm
Dinner (Sunday -Thursday) 4:30pm - 10:00pm
Dinner (Friday & Saturday) 4:30pm - 11:00pm
Marketplace Retail Store
Marketplace Gift Shop Sunday through Thursday Friday & Saturday
8:30am - 10:00pm 8:30am – 10:30pm
【小题1】What does “Bremner Blvd” refer to on this website?
A．A person.
B．A road.
C．A building.
D．A shop.
【小题2】What can’t you do when you visit CN Tower?
A．Watch a film.
B．Have dinner.
C．Buy gifts.
D．Go cycling.
【小题3】Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A．You can have lunch at 10:50am at 360 Restaurant on Sunday.
B．You can enjoy the beauty of the city from SkyPod at 9:50pm on Wednesday. C．You can go to Information Desk for help at 8:40am.
D．You can visit CN Tower every day.
5.It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25.
I was the nurse on duty that day. I didn't think there would be any patients. Just then five bodies 1 at my desk, a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick?” I asked.
“Yes,” she said 2 , lowering her head.
But when they described their problems, things got a little strange. Two of the children had headaches, but they didn’t show any 3 of headaches at all. Two children had earaches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother 4 of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
I didn't say anything, 5 I explained that they might wait for a little while before a doctor saw her. She answered, “Take your time; it's warm here.”
I checked the chart after another nurse had finished registering(登记) the family.
No 6 —they were homeless. The waiting room was warm.
I looked at the family by the Christmas tree. The littlest one was pointing at the television and saying something to her mother. The oldest one was looking at lights on the Christmas tree.
I went back to the nurses' station and mentioned we had a homeless family in the waiting room. The nurses who felt bored with 7 Christmas, turned to
compassion((怜悯) for the family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went into action. We began to prepare a party for our Christmas 8 . We needed presents. We put together oranges and apples in a basket. We collected from different departments candies, crayons and other things available that could be presents.
9 , as the family walked to the door to leave, the four-year-old child came running back, gave me a hug and 10 , “Thanks for being our angels today.”
【小题1】
A．set up
B．put up
C．cheered up
D．showed up
【小题2】
A．excitedly
B．loudly
C．weakly
D．strongly
【小题3】
A．systems
B．signs
C．symbols
D．secrets
【小题4】
A．explained
B．expressed
C．complained
D．compared
【小题5】
A．and
B．but
C．or
D．so
【小题6】
A．address
B．age
C．name
D．money
【小题7】
A．amazing
B．working
C．interesting
D．surprising
【小题8】
A．nurses
B．doctors
C．guests
D．patients
【小题9】
A．Soon
B．Suddenly
C．Later
D．However
【小题10】
A．screamed
B．jumped
C．whispered
D．replied
6.根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。

【小题1】Though the Grade 9 students are busy with their study, they should still do sports _________ (两次) a day.
【小题2】The hall is ____________ (空的). There is nobody left.
【小题3】Zhang Guorong has been away for ten years. But he will be my
_________(偶像) forever.
【小题4】When the film ended, the audience couldn’t stop _______ (鼓掌) for a long time.
【小题5】If you like to go to Hong Kong for shopping, you can go there in any
___(季节).
7.You either have it, or you don’t－a sense of direction. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map while others can lose themselves in the next street?
Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use it, we lose it.
“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, research director of the project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken e verywhere by car, they never develop the skills.”
Jim Martland alsoemphasizesthat young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:
If you are using a map, turn it so that it relates to(与……有联系) the way you are facing.
If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree－something easy to recognize. Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike. When you return, go back along the same route.
Simplify(简化) the way for finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or wells in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as towerblocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.
Now you will never get lost again!
【小题1】Children have the ability to find the way around when they are ______ years old.
A．5
B．6
C．7
D．8
【小题2】Which of the following things cannot be used as landmarks?
A．Tower blocks.
B．Hills.
C．Wells.
D．Bikes.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “emphasize” mean in the passage?
A．To give special importance to something.
B．To express thanks for somebody.
C．To understand or become aware of a fact.
D．To admire somebody.
【小题4】Scientists believe that __________.
A．some babies are born with a sense of direction
B．people learn a sense of direction as they grow older
C．people never lose their sense of direction
D．everybody has a sense of direction from birth
【小题5】What may be the best title of the passage?
A．A research on direction.
B．A sense of direction.
C．People’s ability of finding the way.
D．Scientists’ research on skills.
8.—What do you plan to do on the ___________ May Day holiday?
—I have no idea. Probably, I will spend it by doing many papers.
A．three-day
B．three-days
C．three days
D．three day’s
9.Nanjing, ________ old capital of the six dynasties, is becoming ________ more beautiful city for the coming 2014 Youth Olympic Games.
A．a, a
B．the, the
C．the, a
D．an, the
10.—Sorry, Mr. Wang. I _________ my homework at home again.
—That’s OK, but never __________ it next time.
A．remember; forget
B．left; remember
C．forget; left
D．left; forget
11.根据表格中所填内容，以“The Changes to Me” 为题，写一篇小短文。

注意：
1、语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；
2、词数100左右，必须涵盖你在表格中所填写的所有信息,并作适当发挥。

3、文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。

The Changes to Me
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ __________
_____________________________________________________________________ _________
12.根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。

You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school. School is a 【小题1】 the place where you learn to get along well with people. But this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates?
If you d 【小题2】 that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance(宽容). Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others. We cannot change the w 【小题3】 that other people do, so it is important to learn to live h 【小题4】 with them. Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other. K 【小题5】others constantly(不断地) makes us understand o thers’ differences.
Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad. Tolerance t 【小题6】us to keep an even temper(温和的脾气) and an open mind.
You need to remember an old saying, “Treat others h【小题7】 you want to be treated.” You would like to be trea ted kindly by your classmates, so it is important to treat them kindly too. If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it. No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in. Tolerance just means that you s 【小题8】 respect the differences in others and not to try to make them change.
It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make e 【小题9】 life easier. Learn to accept people for t 【小题10】 different abilities and interests. The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make things better.
13.
(One day Alice runs after a strange rabbit and comes into a deep hole. She becomes smaller when she wakes up the next day. She finds herself in a wonderland with many amazing things inside.)
The Caterpillar(毛毛虫) and Alice looked at each other for some time in silence. At last the Caterpillar took the pipe out of its mouth, and said to her in a tired, sleepy voice. “Who are YOU?” said the Caterpillar.
This opening for a talk couldn’t make Alice at ease. Alice replied, rather shyly, “I----I hardly know, sir, just at present ----at least I know who I was when I got up this morning, but I think I must have been changed several times since then.”
“What do you mean by that?” said the Caterpillar, “Explain yourself!”
“I can’t explain MYSELF. I’m afraid, sir.” said Alice, “because I’m not myself, you see.”
“I don’t see.” said the Caterpillar.
“I’m afraid I can’t put it more clearly.” Alice replied very politely, “for I can’t understa nd it myself. And being so many different sizes in a day is very puzzling.”
“It isn’t.” said the Caterpillar.
“Well, perhaps you haven’t found it so yet.” said Alice. “But when you have to turn into a chrysalis(蛹，茧)----you will some day, you know ----and then after that into a butterfly, I think you’ll feel it a little stranger, won’t you?”
“Not a bit.” said the Caterpillar.
“Well, perhaps your feelings may be different.” said Alice. “All I know is, it would make ME feel very strange.”
“You!” said the Caterpillar scornfully. “Who are YOU?” The question brought them back again to the beginning of the talk. Alice felt a little angry because the Caterpillar was making such VERY short sentences. She drew herself up and said very seriously, “I think you ought to tell me who YOU are first.”
“Why?” said the Caterpillar.
Here was another puzzling question. As Alice could not think out any good reason, and as the Caterpillar seemed to be very unpleasant, she turned away.
“Come back!” the Caterpillar called after her. “I’ve something important to tell you!”This certainly gave Alice some hope. Alice turned and came back again.
【小题1】Where may their talk take place?
A．In a wonderland.
B．In the field.
C．In the tree.
D．Outside the hole.
【小题2】Alice didn’t feel __________ during her talk with Caterpillar.
A．shy
C．angry
D．strange
【小题3】Why did Alice think she was not herself?
A．Because she was too young to understand the changes.
B．Because being changed several times in a day made her feel puzzled. C．Because she didn’t like her changes
D．Because she didn’t feel very well.
【小题4】Put the following statements in the correct order according to the story.
① Alice drew herself up.
② Alice used an example to explain the changes to herself.
③Alice couldn’t explain herself.
④ Alice turned away.
⑤ Alice looked at Caterpillar for some time in silence.
A．⑤②③④①
B．⑤②③①④
C．⑤③②④①
D．⑤③②①④
【小题5】Which of the following sentences can be added to the end of the story? A．“Don’t be silly. You are still yourself.” said the Caterpillar.
B．“Don’t be angry. You think you’re changed, do you?” said the Caterpillar. C．“Don’t be sad. You’ll grow bigger again.” said the Caterpillar.
D．“Don’t be afraid. You can go home now.” said the Caterpillar.
14.—Paul invited us to go on a trip to Jiming Temple tomorrow.
—______? Have the Flowering Cherries(樱花) on each side of the roads come out? A．Why not?
B．What for?
C．What time?
D．Who else?
15.—Have you got an iPhone 5?
—No, many young people began to say “No” to it because of _________ follow-up service. By the way, I am a supporter of Chinese products.
A．it’s
B．its
C．it
D．itself
16.—You look so worried, what’s wrong?
—More and more people like me become to worry about the __________ pollution after the haze (雾霾) appeared in Beijing and some other cities in China. A．water
B．air
D．Soil
17.—Excuse me, Mum. When can we have dinner?
—Not until it in half an hour.
A．is prepared
B．will be prepared
C．has been prepared
D．was prepared
18.—Do you know that our school has been named Green Olympic Demonstration School?
—Yes. We are all excited ___________ that.
A．at
B．for
C．about
D．with
19.—Is there ___________interesting on the Internet?
—Yes. The First Lady Peng Liyuan attracts more attention than her husband on the visit to Russia and some African countries.
A．something
B．anybody
C．somebody
D．anything
20.—Who is your favourite writer?
—Mo Yan. He is the first Chinese person _________ wins the Nobel Prize for Literature.
A．which
B．where
C．that
D．whom
第1卷参考答案
一.参考题库
1.参考答案：
【小题1】D
【小题2】A试题分析：这篇短文主要讨论了中国大学中的食物浪费问题。

【小题1】根据短文后两段描述，可知大学的食物不好吃不是浪费的原因，故选D。

【小题2】这篇短文主要讨论的是中国大学中的浪费食物现象，最有可能出自一篇报纸，故选A。

考点：关于食物浪费问题的议论文阅读
点评：本文浅显易懂，层次分明，学生很容易把握文章中心内容。

答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。

对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。

2.参考答案：
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】B
【小题5】B试题分析：这篇短文主要对于即将动身去东欧的人们提出了七点需要注意的问题。

【小题1】根据短文描述，作者主要提出了七点注意事项，即必须的衣服，电池，现金，电流适配器，语言工具，钱包和旅行支票。

故选B。

【小题2】根据第五点建议One of Eur ope’s biggest challenges is communicating with the local people since their languages are so different from our own.可知选C。

【小题3】根据The hard–currency stores never seem to have the
rightchange.描述，可知选项A与事实描述不符。

【小题4】根据第一段As you are soon on your way to Eastern Europe, here are a few tips on what you should
pack.及下文描述，可知这篇短文主要对于即将动身去东欧的人们提出了七点需要注意的问题，故选B。

【小题5】根据短文描述，可知这是出国，结合上下文，可知这两个单词分别是零头，零钱和支票的含义，故选B。

考点：关于去东欧的注意事项的说明文阅读
点评：本文难度较大，个别小题需要根据相关内容进行推理总结。

首先要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，掌握短文大意，然后带着问题再读短文，找出相关段落，分析总结，判断出正确选项。

文章所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。

3.参考答案：B试题分析：must必须，一定；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；may可以。

句意：快点，妈妈。

灯已经亮了。

爸爸回来了。

——不可能是他。

他已经去了上海。

结合语境可知选B。

考点：情态动词辨析
点评：情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同。

考试中结合语境选择合适答案。

4.参考答案：
【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】D试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了去多伦多电视塔参观的一些注意事项。

【小题1】联系前文the only access 唯一的通道，可知指的是马路，故选B。

【小题2】根据Due to(由于) construction around the CN Tower, the only access for visitors who may require help with strollers(婴儿车) or
wheelchairs,描述，自行车不能通行，故选D。

【小题3】根据The CN Tower is open 364 days a year (closed on Christmas Day).可知选项D，描述错误。

考点：关于参观注意事项的说明文阅读
点评：本文中长句较多，一时很难读懂句子含义，注意多读几遍，不要强求非得理解一词一句的含义，能把握文章大意就行。

然后带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。

对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。

5.参考答案：
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【小题5】B
【小题6】A
【小题7】B
【小题8】C
【小题9】C
【小题10】C试题分析：这篇短文描述了圣诞节夜间发生在候诊室的一个故事。

当值班的护士正百无聊赖时，一位母亲和她的四个孩子出现在候诊室。

她们谎称自己是来看病，后来细心的护士发现了她们是无家可归时，联合同事们和这一家五口人举行了一个特殊的圣诞节。

【小题1】短语辨析。

A. 建立，开业；B. 提供，举起；C.欢呼起来，使振奋；D. 出现，露面。

结合语境可知此处指的是五个人出现在我的桌旁。

故选D。

【小题2】联系上下文，可知这是一个虚弱的女人，故选C，虚弱地。

【小题3】词义辨析，A. 系统，体系；B. 迹象，标志；C.
符号，象征；D.秘密。

结合语境可知此处指的是头痛的迹象，故选B。

【小题4】动词辨析。

A.解释，说明；B.表达；C.抱怨，控诉；D.对比。

结合语境可知孩子的母亲诉说她有咳嗽症状，故选C。

【小题5】连词辨析。

A. 和，并且；B.但是；C.
或者，否则；D.因此。

联系上下文，可知前后是转折关系，故选B。

【小题6】联系下文描述，可知他们是无家可归者，故没有家庭住址，选A，地址。

【小题7】结合语境可知此处指的是对于在圣诞节工作感到厌烦的护士们，故选B，工作。

【小题8】联系下文，可知此处指的是前文提到的一家，护士们把他们当做了客人，故选C，客人们。

【小题9】联系下文，可知此处指的是后来，故选C，后来，随后。

【小题10】联系下文，可知此处指的是说，故选C，低声说。

考点：故事类记述文
点评：这篇短文内容比较简单，理解不难。

各小题与上下文联系比较紧密，答题中一定要注意联系上下文。

答完后多读几遍，看看是否符合逻辑，适当修改。

个别小题可以当作单独的词义辨析题来做，先区分词义，结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。

6.参考答案：
【小题1】twice
【小题2】empty
【小题3】hero
【小题4】clapping
【小题5】season 试题分析：
【小题1】twice句意：尽管九年级学生忙于他们的学习，但是他们每天仍旧作
两次运动。

结合语境及汉语提示，可知填副词twice，做状语。

【小题2】联系前文系动词及汉语提示，可知填形容词empty，作表语。

【小题3】句意：张国荣已经去世十年了。

但是他会永远成为我的偶像。

结合语境及汉语提示，可知填单数名词hero，作表语。

【小题4】当电影结束时，观众们忍不住长时间鼓起掌来。

短语couldn’t stop doing禁不住做某事，动名词作宾语表示抽象动作，结合语境可知填动名词clapp ing，作宾语。

【小题5】句意：如果你喜欢去香港购物，你可以任何季节去。

结合语境及汉语提示，可知填单数名词season。

考点：词汇基础及词形变化
点评：解答此类题型首先要根据句子中的关键信息，如：首字母，汉语提示，上下文，句意等。

判断出所需单词。

然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，确定单词词形，进行适当词形变化。

7.参考答案：
【小题1】C
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】D
【小题5】B试题分析：这篇短文重点讲述了人们与生俱来的方向感的问题，作并就如何提高自己辨别方向的能力提出了几点建议。

【小题1】根据第三段“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, research director of the project.描述，可知选C。

【小题2】根据短文第最后一段Simplify(简化) the way for finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or wells in the countryside to guide you.描述，结合常识，能够移动的物品不适宜作为地标，故选D。

【小题3】联系本段下文描述，可知这个单词是强调的含义，故选A。

【小题4】根据第二段Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works.描述，可知选D。

【小题5】这篇短文重点讲述了人们与生俱来的方向感的问题，故选B。

考点：关于方向感的说明文阅读
点评：本文浅显易懂，层次分明，学生很容易把握文章中心内容。

答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。

对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。

8.参考答案：A试题分析：英语中两个或多个单词中间可以用短横线连接起来，起一个相当于形容词的作用，这类单词叫做合成词。

其一般构成规则就是其构成单词一般都要用原形。

句意:在三天的五一假期中，你计划做点什么？——我不直到。

可能，我会做很多份试题。

结合语境可知本句中合成词用作符合形容词，作定语，故选A。

考点：合成词
点评：英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的，他们叫做合成词，常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型，其语法功能与普通单词用法一样。

其一般构成规则就是其构成单词一般都要用原形，这也是一些考试中常考的题型，牢记即可。

9.参考答案：C试题分析：句意：南京，一个古老的六朝古都，为了2014年的青年奥运会正在变成一个美丽的城市。

结合语境可知前文特指六个朝代的首都，故用定冠词。

下文泛指任何一个更加美丽的城市，故用不定冠词。

选C。

考点：冠词
点评：冠词是一种虚词，一般用于名词前面表示特指或者泛指某一个。

冠词的应用都用一定规则，熟记这些规则是解题的关键。

不定冠词用在名词前，表示泛指任何一个。

定冠词用在名词前表示特指某一个。

在专有名词及表示泛指的复数名词前一般不要冠词，叫做零冠词。

需注意的是不定冠词的用法是看词首音素，不是看首字母，如：useful首字母是元音，但是词首音素时辅音，故不定冠词用a；hour首字母是辅音，但是词首音素是元音，故用冠词an。

10.参考答案：D试题分析：remember记得；forget忘记；leave离开，留下。

句意：抱歉，王老师，我把作业有留在家里了。

——那好吧，但是下次不要在忘记了。

结合语境可知选Ｄ。

考点：动词辨析
点评：该题型是属于基础题型，是必考内容。

英语动词同汉语一样具有一词多义，一词多性的特点。

解答此类问题首先要理解每个单词的基本含义，并注意交叉含义间的区别，了解其特殊用法及习惯搭配等特点，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

11.参考答案：略试题分析：这是一篇给材料作文，写一写自己初中三年的变化。

由于在要点中只给出了写作的大致方向，需要自己发挥的地方较多。

动笔前要围绕要点组织材料，确定时态主要词汇等问题，根据要求可知本句主要是一般现在及过去时态，人称是第一人称，注意时态与时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。

写作中，应注意描述的全面性；语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯。

考点：提纲类作文
点评：本题给出的材料较为简略，可发挥的空间较大，所以自己可以选择自己比较熟悉的内容发挥，利用自己熟悉的单词句式等。

12.参考答案：
【小题1】also
【小题2】discover
【小题3】way(s)
【小题4】happily
【小题5】Knowing
【小题6】teaches/tells
【小题7】how
【小题8】should
【小题9】everyone’s/everybody’s/everyday
【小题10】their试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了学校不但是一个学习的地方，也是一个我们学会如何和他人相处的地方，作者并就如何与人相处提出了几点建议。

【小题1】联系上文，可知此处指的是，学校也是一个你学会和人们相处的地方。

结合语境及首字母可知填副词also，也。

【小题2】联系下文，可知此处指的是如果你发现了……，当主句描述将来动作时，条件从句中一般用一般现在时态描述将来动作，结合语境及首字母可知填原形动词discover，发现。

【小题3】联系下文，可知此处指的是其他人做事的方式。

结合语境及首字母可知填名词way(s)，方法，路径。

结合语境可知此处单复数皆可。

【小题4】联系上文，可知此处指的是学会他们高兴地相处。

结合语境及首字母可知填副词happily，高兴地，做状语。

【小题5】联系下文，可知句意为：了解他人能不断地让我们明白别人的不同。

动名词作主语表示抽象动作，结合语境及首字母可知填动名词Knowing，知道，了解。

【小题6】结合语境可知宽容告诉我们要保持一个温和的脾气和宽容的态度。

结合语境可知本句描述的是客观性动作，主语tolerance是抽象名词，不可数，故谓语动词用单数。

结合首字母可知填teaches/tells，教给，告诉。

【小题7】联系下文，可知此处指的是你想如何被别人对待，故填疑问副词how ，怎样，如何。

【小题8】联系下文，可知此处指的是你应该尊重别人的不同，结合语境及首字母可知填情态动词should，应该。

【小题9】结合语境可知此处指的是让每个人的生活变得更加轻松。

结合语境及首字母可知填不定代词的名词所有格everyone’s/everybody’s/everyday，每个人的，日常的。

【小题10】联系前文，可知此处指的是前文的人们的不同能力和兴趣，结合语境及首字母可知填形容词性物主代词their，他们的。

考点：短文中词汇短语的运用能力
点评：首字母一直是英语考试中的难点，得分率比较低。

解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据文章前后句子之间意思推断出词义，并结合首字母推断出所缺单词，然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，确定单词词形，进行适当词形变化。

13.参考答案：
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】B试题分析：这篇短文节选自爱丽丝梦游仙境的故事，本文中主要讲述了爱丽丝在进入仙境后河毛毛虫的一段对话。

【小题1】根据She finds herself in a wonderland with many amazing things inside.描述，可知选A、
【小题2】通过阅读短文，可知在爱丽丝和毛毛虫的对话中她先是感到有点害羞，然后有点奇怪，最后感到有点愤怒，没有感到伤心，故选B。

【小题3】根据下文“for I can’t understand it myself. And being so many different sizes in a day is very puzzling.”描述，可知选B。

【小题4】根据短文描述,可知爱丽丝先是沉默的看了毛毛虫一会,她不明白自己怎么回事,然后她举了一个例子想弄明白发生在自己身上的事情,接下来她画了一个自己,最后她转身走了.故选D。

【小题5】联系前文爱丽丝生气了，可知选B，不要生气，你认为你变了，是吗毛毛虫说。

考点：故事类记述文阅读
点评：本文难度较大，个别小题需要根据相关内容进行推理总结。

首先要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，掌握短文大意，然后带着问题再读短文，找出相关段落，分析总结，判断出正确选项。

文章所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。

14.参考答案：B试题分析：Why not?为什么不；What for? 为什么；What time?什么时候；Who
else?还有谁.句意：保罗邀请我们明天去鸡鸣寺旅行？联系下文，道路两旁的樱花开放了吗？可知选B，最符合语境。

考点：交际用语
点评：交际用语的考查也是英语考试的重点，做此类题型首先要理解各个选项中句子的含义，然后结合具体语境选择符合逻辑关系答语。

平时应注意积累各种习惯用语，了解英美文化的区别，尤其注意不能以中式思维思考英语问题。

平时应加强英语阅读，增强语感，多了解一些英语文化方面的知识。

15.参考答案：B试题分析：it’s主谓结构，它是；its它的；it它；itself它自己。

句意：你有iphone5吗？——没有，许多年轻人开始对它说“不”，因为它的跟踪服务。

顺便说一下，我是一个中国产品的支持者。

结合语境可知本句是形容词性物主代词作定语，故选B。

考点：代词辨析
点评：代词之间的最大区别就是指代对象不同，在句子中的语法功能不同。

如主格人称代词不能作宾语，宾格人称代词不能作主语等。

16.参考答案：B试题分析：water水 ;air空气 ;noise
噪音 ;Soil土地 ;句意；你看上去很着急，怎么了？——在雾霾出现在北京和中国其它城市后，越来越多像我这样的人变得为空气污染担心起来。

结合语境可知选B。

考点：词义辨析
点评：该题型是属于英语考试的基础题型，是必考内容。

英语单词同汉语一样具有一词多义，一词多性的特点。

解答此类问题首先要理解每个选项的基本含义，并注意交叉含义间的区别，了解其特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。