2012届英语第一轮导学案复习题18.doc

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2012届英语一轮精品复习导学案:Unit3《Back to the past》(译林牛津版必修3)
一、知识复习
(一)词汇部分
1.【原句再现】In 89BC,the Romans took over Pompeii. (P42)
【知识要点】take构成的词块
【诊断练习】给出划线部分词块的汉语意思。

①He took up writing after graduation.
②Johnson took over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday.
③Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.
④She took me in completely with her story.
⑤Our country takes on a new look.
⑥I took to my new boss immediately.
⑦Your daughter doesn’t take after you at all.
2.【原句再现】In memory of the Americans who died in the attack, a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor.(P55)
【知识要点】in + n. + prep.的短语
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成汉语。

①There is a party tonight in honor of our new president.
②In answer to her question, he shook his head.
③This library was built in memory of the scientist.
④Most of the students are in favor of the proposal.
⑤Won’t you go in place of me?
⑥He didn’t expect anything in return for his help.
⑦The headmaster spoke in praise of those students who did well in the exam.
3.【原句再现】Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive and so was the city! (P42)
【知识要点】以fortune为词根构成的单词及相关词块
【诊断练习】用fortune的适当形式填空。

①He was ________ enough to escape from the earthquake, unhurt.
②I’m ________ in having such supportive friends.
③Many young people go to cities to seek their________.
④________, they returned safe and sound.
⑤________, he didn’t pass the examination.
4.【原句再现】They were in good condition. (P51)
【知识要点】condition的用法
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。

①Now we are faced with a shortage of electricity,which is found to be the ________ in many other cities of our country.
A.example B.condition C.matter D.case
②She is in a poor ________ of health. As a result,she has to give up her job.
A.position B.situation C.state D.condition
③They will give us the money ________we pay it back within half a year.
A.on no condition B.on condition C.under the condition D.on condition that
5.【原句再现】A surprise attack was carried out there by the Japanese in 1941. (P55)
【知识要点】含有carry的词块
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成汉语。

She carried off the first prize.
Despite all the noise, he carried on reading.
The audience was carried away by her songs.
A survey is now being carried out nationwide.
His self-confidence carried him through the crisis.
Mary is the only person to carry the task through.
6.【原句再现】He greatly influenced the development of China's culture and education. (P58)
【知识要点】influence的用法
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。

①I had tried my best to stop that wrong doing, but my advice had no on his actions.
A. impression
B. advantage
C. progress
D. influence
②We shouldn’t ignore the ________ the parents have ________ their children.
A. affect;for
B. influence;on
C. effect;for
D. influence;for
③By careful study they have come to understand _____ a body of water can have a big _____ on a large area’s climate.
A. what; influence
B. how; effect
C. why; affect
D. how; influence
7.【原句再现】The next day, US president Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan. (P58)
【知识要点】declare 和announce的区别
【诊断练习】用declare或announce的适当形式填空。

①The chairman __________ the exhibition open.
②The Congress of the Communist Party of China was __________ to meet in paper.
③The government __________ war against the drug dealers.
④Thirteen states first __________ themselves independent.
⑤They __________ the date of their wedding in the newspaper.
⑥He __________ that he had nothing to do with the matter.
⑦On July 13, 2001, Mr. Samaranch __________ Beijing would host the 2008 Olympics.
8. 【原句再现】In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board. (P51)
【知识要点】on board的用法
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成汉语。

①你听说过这句谚语吧——船上有牧师,可要当心坏天气。

②一名学生表示:“我同意他所说的,但是我不打算过早下结论。


9.【原句再现】In return for silk, China received wine, spices, wool and
other goods. (P58)
【知识要点】辨别in return;in return for;by turns;in turn
【诊断练习】选出能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。

We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and _____,dogs give us their all.(10江西高考)
A. in all
B. in fact
C. in short
D. in return
②We have enough grain while that country is rich in oil, so we can receive oil_____ for grain.
A. in return
B. in turn
C. in terms of
D. in nature
③ Please accept this present _____ all your help.
A. in return for
B. in turn for
C. in return
D. by turns
10.【原句再现】It’s hard to imagine how this quiet volcano destroyed the whole city! (P43)
【知识要点】imagine的用法
11. 【原句再现】In 1980, I was involved in discovering the preserved body of a woman. (P47)
【知识要点】involve的用法
12. 【原句再现】A concerned citizen (P51)
【知识要点】concern的用法
(二)句型部分
1.【原句再现】A saying goes that Rome wasn’t built in a day. (P45)
【知识要点】A saying goes的句式
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成英语。

常言道:岁月不待人。

常言道:分享苦难,苦难减半。

2.【原句再现】Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive and so was the city! (P42)
【知识要点】“so+ be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”
【诊断练习】把下列句子翻译成英语
我去过长城, 她也去过。

②如果他们参加学校运动会, 我们也参加。

二、词汇识记
(一)单词部分
1.讲座(n.) ________________
2.混乱;混淆(n.)___________
3.毁坏,摧毁(vt.)___________
4.爆炸(vi.)______________________
5.材料,物质(n.)___________
6.同样地(adv.)________________
7.文明(n.)_________________ 8.主管,负责人(n.)_______________
9.泥,泥浆(n.)_____________ 10.解决方法(n.)__________________
(二)词块部分
1. get a close look at ______________
2. in twos or threes _________________
3. a herd of elephants _____________
4. a bunch of grapes ________________
5. pour out _____________________
6. 历史遗址_______________________
7. 两副扑克牌_________________ 8. 一群蚂蚁______________________
9. 在过去的几年里_____________ 10.轻轻地刷去灰尘_________________
11. 失落的文明_________________ 12. 被活埋_________________________
三、巩固练习
(一)单项填空:选择能填入题干空白处的最佳选项。

(20分)
1. When I called at his home the other day, I found him sitting on an armchair, ________ in his hands.
A. buried his head
B. burying his head
C. his head burying
D. his head to be buried
2. It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. (2011福建卷)A. that B. when C. since
D. before
3. Mr. White, along with his assistants, ________on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. work
B. working
C. is working
D. are working
4. ________volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball. (2011北京卷)
A. Since
B. Once
C. Unless
D. While
5. I’d like to do something for you ________ everything you’ve done for me.
A. in exchange
B. in turn
C. in return for
D. in terms of
6. Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever. (2011湖南卷)
A. as if
B. in case
C. while
D. though
7. He had his camera ready ________ he saw something that would make
a good picture. (2011山东卷)
A. even if
B. if only
C. in case
D. so that
8. ________ late, he also forgot his books.
A. Not only he turned up
B. Not only he turned out
C. Not only did he turn out
D. Not only did he turn up
9. A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come in from the ________ countryside.
A. surrounded
B. surrounding
C. surroundings
D. surround
10. Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open. (2011全国卷)
A. if
B. when
C. since
D. as
11.The discovery of new evidence led to ________.
A. the thief having caught
B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught
D. the thief to be caught
12. It’s too bad that My computer has got a new virus. If only I ______ that programme! (2011南通一模)
A. didn’t run
B. haven’t run
C. hadn’t run
D. wouldn’t run
13.---It’s a good idea. But who’s going to________ the plan?
--- I think Tom and Grey will.
A. set aside
B. carry out
C. take in
D. get through
14.After he graduated from college, he ________ his father’s business.
A. took in
B. took up
C. took over
D. took on
15.—why, Jack, you look so tired! (2011江苏卷)
—Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting
B. will be painting
C. have painted
D. have been painting
16.The professor gave a long speech ________ the future of genome technology.
A. was concerned with
B. concerning
C. concerned
D. is concerned about
17.Not only ________ Chinese,but ________ Russian.
A. did he study;did he study
B. he studied;he studied
C. he studied;did he study
D. did he study;he studied
18. ________ by a greater demand for vegetables,farmers have built
more green houses.
A. Driven
B. Being driven
C. To drive
D. Having driven
19. It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. (2011江苏卷)
A.that B.how C.when D.why 20.In the dark forests ________,some large enough to hold several English towns.
A. stand many lakes
B. lie many lakes
C. many lakes lie
D. many lakes stand
(二)阅读理解:根据短文内容选择能回答所提问题或完成句子的最佳选项。

(20分)
The Taj Mahal(泰姬陵)is a love story, a sad and beautiful one. If it didn’t exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahan—its shortened form Taj Mahal, means “pride of the palace”. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so broken-hearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife, to build her the most beautiful tomb that had never been seen.
He summoned the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was complete. It took more than twenty
thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.
The building itself stands on a marble platform, 29 square meters and 6-7 meters high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.
The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However, his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife.
1. The whole passage tells us about ________.
A. a beautiful fairy tale
B. the story of the Taj Mahal
C. white and black marble tombs made for two emperors
D. the love story of emperor Shah Jahan and his wife
2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the Taj Mahal?
A. It was completed quickly owing to the efforts of the best artists and workers.
B. A lot of people took part in the building work.
C. It is a magnificent building.
D. It is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife.
3. The emperor’s own tomb was designed to be________.
A. 61 meters high
B. eight-sided
C. black-coloured
D. white-coloured
4. The emperor________.
A. died soon after Taj Mahan died
B. was killed by his son
C. was beloved by his people
D. died after 1648
(三)完形填空:根据短文内容选择能填入短文空白处的最佳选项。

(40分)
(2011南京二模)Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been __1__ a couple of times, but I could hardly __2__ to know my ways around the continent. __3__, my knowledge of foreign languages was __4__ to a little college French.
I __5__. How would I, unable to speak the language, __6__ familiar with local geography or transportation systems, conduct interviews and do __7__? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __8__ I sat down to write a letter rejecting the __9__. Halfway through, a __10__ ran through my mind: you can’t learn if you don't try. So I __11__ the assignment.
There were some bad __12__. But by the time I had finished the trip, I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most __13__ places, without guides or __14__ advanced bookings, confident that somehow I will __15__.
The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __16__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning __17__, the world opens to you.
I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a (n) __18__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept worry as another name for __19 __ and I believe I can __20__ wonders.
1. A. aboard B. abroad C. away D. out
2. A. claim B. declare C. hope D. deny
3. A. Somehow B. However C. Instead D. Moreover
4. A. accustomed B. added C. limited D. suited
5. A. resigned B. hesitated C. trembled D. suspected
6. A. only too B. more than C. apart from D. far from
7. A. operations B. experiments C. research D. business
8. A. regret B. doubt C. terror D. disappointment
9. A. request B. job C. trust D. assignment
10. A. reaction B. thought C. meaning D. conflict
11. A. accomplished B. received C. accepted D. resisted
12. A. exchanges B. conditions C. trips D. experiences
13. A. remote B. accessible C. interesting D. crowded
14. A. still B. ever C. even D. yet
15. A. do B. manage C. make D. fit
16. A. astonishing B. frightening C. fascinating D. exciting
17. A. comes up B. shows up C. piles up D. steps up
18. A. airplane B. motorboat C. surfboard D. balloon
19. A. goal B. opportunity C. struggle D. challenge
20. A. work B. own C. win D. achieve
(四)单词拼写:根据所给句子及汉语注释或首字母拼写单词。

(20分)
1. Both Pompeii and Loulan became lost c__________ about 2,000 years ago.
2. Near the city was a volcano called Vesuvius. On 24th August AD 79, the volcano
e__________ and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.
3. It continued to erupt for the next three days. U __________, all the people were buried alive,
and so was the city.
4. The desert was once a green land with trees, but even that didn’t prevent the city from being
b __________by sand—what a pity!
5. In spite of the differences, China and the USA also have a lot of s __________ .
6. She hasn’t been seen for four days and we are c__________ for her safety.
7. This is a second-hand car, but it is still in good c____________.
8. What parents do has a great i____________ on their children.
9. The old government was ____________(推翻) and a new one replaced it.
10. The prices of the building ____________(材料)have been going up recently.
一、知识复习
(一)词汇部分
1. 【参考答案】①开始从事②接管③获得成功④欺骗⑤呈现⑥喜欢⑦与相像
【点拨拓展】take 相关的重点短语take on 承担;呈现;接纳;雇用take up 占据;拿起;开始从事take effect 生效;起作用take off 起飞;脱下;获得成功take…for... 把…误认为take into 考虑到;说服take in 接受;理解;欺骗take… seriously 重视;认真对待…take over 接管;接收take …for granted 认为…理所当然take charge of 接管,负责take to喜欢;对…上瘾;开始从事take down记下;拆卸;记下来take place发生;进行;举行;产生take apart拆卸;拆开;分辨take notes记笔记;做笔记;记录;作笔记take after 与相像take in 吸收;理解;欺骗
2. 【参考答案】①为庆祝新经理就任,今晚有个聚会。

②对于她的问题,他摇头作答。

③这家图书馆是为了纪念那位科学家而建的。

④大多数学生支持这个建议。

⑤你能替
我去吗?⑥他帮助人并不期待任何回报。

⑦校长表扬了那些在考试中表现突出的学生。

【点拨拓展】in honor of为祝贺,为向……表示敬意,为纪念;in praise of赞美,称赞;in memory of 纪念;in favor of;支持,赞同;in place of代替;in return for作为……的回报;in answer to回答,响应;相当于in response to;in charge of 负责,管理;in possession of拥有;in need of 需要;in case of 以防;in search of 搜寻
3. 【参考答案】①fortunate ②fortunate ③fortune ④Fortunately
⑤Unfortunately
【点拨拓展】fortune:n..“运气;财富,财产”;have good (bad)fortune:“运气好(不
好);seek one’s fortune:“找出路,碰运气”;make a fortune:“发财”;fortunate:adj.“幸
运的,庆幸的”;be fortunate in:“在……方面很幸运”。

fortunately:adv.“幸运地,侥幸”。

unfortunate:adj.“不幸的”。

unfortunately:adv.“不幸地”。

4. 【参考答案】①D ②C ③D
【点拨拓展】condition n. 〔U〕现状;状况;健康状况〔C〕条件conditions pl. 环境,条件poor working conditions out of condition 健康状况欠佳in good condition 身体好
on condition that 在…条件下,如果…be in poor /good/ excellent condition 处于坏的/好的/极佳的……状况on no condition决不(句首时,后跟部分倒装结构)
词语辨析occasion,condition,situation ,case ,position Occasion1.场合,时刻;重大活动,盛典[C] 2. 时机,机会[S][(+for)] 3. 起因,近因[S][(+of)] 4. 理由;需要[U][(+for)][+to-v]; condition是比较泛指的“情况”;situation用于比较严肃的场合,侧重指“外界形势”。

他们三者只是普通的名字,没有特定的时态与之相对应。

position 1.位置(地方)2.职位3.高级的社会地位4.身体的姿势case n.情况, 状况;真相, 事实
5. 【参考答案】①她获得了头奖。

②虽然很吵,他还是继续看书。

③她的歌声令听众浑然忘我。

④正在进行一次全国性的普查。

⑤他的自信帮他度过了危机。

⑥玛丽是唯一能完成这项任务的人选。

【点拨拓展】carry out执行,实行,实现;carry on继续;carry off 获得;carry away运走,拿走,带走,使着迷;carry sb through使度过(困难、危险等);carry sth through 成功地完成某事。

辨别carry out; carry on
carry out意为“执行、实行”;
carry on表示“(继续)进行、进行下去”,强调坚持。

6. 【参考答案】①D ②B ③D
【点拨拓展】influence v./n. 常用词组influence sb.to do, influence sth./have an influence on sth. =have an effect/impact on, under the
influence of
7.【参考答案】①declared ②announced ③declared ④declared
⑤announced ⑥declared ⑦declared
【点拨拓展】declare和announce都有“宣布,宣告”的意思。

declare 意为“宣布,宣称”。

表示有信心地、正式地公开讲明某事;是正式用语,也用于国家宣告重大事宜。

正式负责地“表示”或公开“宣布”如战争、和平、中立、意见等;announce意为“公布”,不如declare正式,尤其指将有益之事公布于众,如消息或新闻等。

两者都可以接名词或从句,但都不可以跟不定式;表示“对某人宣布、声明时”要用announce to sb或declare to sb。

常用短语:declare war on/against对……宣战;declare for (against)the plan声明赞成(反对)计划;declare the meeting open宣布会议开幕;announce the news (one’s plan)宣布消息(计划);make an announcement做出宣布,发出通知。

常用句型:announce (declare)that宣布……;It’s announced (declared that)已经宣布……。

8. 【参考答案】①You know the saying-you have a minister on board, watch out for lousy/bad weather.②"I take what he said on board, but I am not going jump to a conclusion, " said one student.
【点拨拓展】on board 在船上(飞机或火车上); 上船(飞机或火车)
我一上船就头晕。

As soon as I am on board, I feel sick.
飞机上有400名乘客。

There are 400 passengers on board the plane.
我们刚上火车,车就开了。

The moment we went on board the train, it started.
get/come/go on board 上船/飞机/火车
go by board (计划、安排等)失败,落空
9. 【参考答案】①D ②A ③A
【点拨拓展】in return作为回报;in return for 作为…的回报;by turns 轮流;in turn轮流;反过来
10. 【点拨拓展】imagine vt. ①imagine that / what clause,后接that 或what引导的宾语从句。

②imagine (sb/sb’s)doing想象(某人)做某事③imagine sb. / sth. (to be) adj. / as + n. / prep. 后接复合宾语,即宾语+宾语补足语,宾语补足语通常是由不定式(to be)加形容词或as加名词构成的。

11. 【点拨拓展】involve 包括; 包含; 涉及be involed in 使卷入; 使陷入潜心于
be involved in trouble 卷入纠纷be involved in disaster 陷入不幸
He was involved in working out a plan.
他专心致志地制订计划。

Don't involve me in your quarrel!
不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中!
12. 【点拨拓展】concern用法归纳
(1)用作动词,意为“与……有关;涉及”。

如:
Don’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you.别管与自己无关的事。

(2)用作名词。

①意为“焦虑;担心”。

如:
There is growing concern that they may have been killed. 越来越担心他们可能已遭杀害。

②意为“对某人来说最关心或最感兴趣的事”。

如:
What’s your main concerns as a writer? 身为作家,你对什么最感兴趣?
(3)常用搭配:
①concern oneself with / in / about sth. “忙于某事/ 关心某事/ 参与某事”。

②as / so far as sb. / sth. be concerned“就某人/ 某物而言”。

③be concerned in / with sth. “与某物有牵连”。

④be concerned to do sth.“把做某事视为自己的事情”。

⑤show / express concern about / for “对……表示关心、担心”。

⑥have a concern in / with... “与……有利害关系”。

⑦be concerned about... / that... “关心……;担心……”。

(4)同根词:
①concerned形容词,意为“有关的;担心的”。

②concerning介词,意为“关于;有关”。

(二)句型部分
1.【参考答案】①As a saying goes, ‘Time and tide wait for no man’.
②There is a saying that goes, ‘A problem shared is a problem halved’. 【点拨拓展】常言道:可以被译成以下3种句型
As a saying goes, …②There is a saying that goes, …③A saying goes that…
2.【参考答案】①I have been to the Great Wall, and so has she.
②If they take part in the school sports, so shall we.
【点拨拓展】so+ be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,这一倒装结构用来表达前面的情况也适用于另外一人, 意为“某人也一样”。

Jennifer likes to listen to music. So do I.詹妮弗喜欢听音乐, 我也喜欢。

使用这一结构应注意以下几点:
①结构中and与标点符号的使用。

这一结构是一个完整的倒装句, 因此, 若前一句用句号, 则so应大写第一个字母;若前一句用逗号, 则so前需加and, 构成并列分句;若前一句用分号, 则so不用大写第一个字母, 而且so前也无需加and, 同样构成并列分句;若前一句为if条件句, 则so前用逗号, 不加and, so 也不大写第一个字母, 此时, 这一结构作句子的主句。

我明天去那里,她也是。

I will go there tomorrow. So will she.
=I will go there tomorrow, and so will she.
=I will go there tomorrow; so will she.
=If I go there tomorrow, so will she.
若前一句用了一般现在时的if条件句, 则该结构用助动词shall/
will。

二、词汇识记
(一)单词部分
1. lecture
2.confusion
3.destroy
4.explode
5.material
6.likewise
7.civilization
8.director
9.mud 10.solution
(二)词块部分
1. 仔细看
2. 三三两两地
3. 一群大象
4. 一串葡萄
5. 涌出,倾泻
6. historical sites
7. two packs of playing cards
8. a swarm of ants
9. in the past/last few years 10. brush away the dirt gently 11.lost civilization 12. be buried alive
三、巩固练习
(一)1—5 BBCDC 6—10 ACDBD 11—15 CCBCD 16—20 BDADB
(二)BACD
(三)1—5 BADCB 6—10 DCADB 11—15 CDACB 16—20 BCDDA
(四)1. civilizations 2. erupted 3. Unfortunately 4. buried 5. similarities
6. concerned
7. condition
8. influence
9. overthrown 10. materials。

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