初三生物多样性英语阅读理解25题

初三生物多样性英语阅读理解25题
1
<背景文章>
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including all the different plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, as well as the ecosystems they form. It is a fundamental aspect of our planet that is crucial for the survival and well - being of all living things.
The importance of biodiversity cannot be overstated. Firstly, it provides a wide range of ecological services. For example, plants are the primary producers in most ecosystems, converting sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. This energy then flows through the food chain, supporting all other organisms. Secondly, biodiversity contributes to the stability of ecosystems. A diverse ecosystem is more resilient to environmental changes such as climate change, natural disasters, and human - induced disturbances. For instance, a forest with a variety of tree species is more likely to survive a disease outbreak than a monoculture forest.
However, biodiversity is currently facing numerous threats. One of the major threats is habitat destruction. As human populations expand, more land is needed for housing, agriculture, and industry. This often leads to the destruction of natural habitats such as forests, wetlands, and
grasslands. Another threat is overexploitation. Many species are hunted or harvested at unsustainable rates for food, medicine, or the pet trade. For example, some species of sharks are hunted for their fins, and many wild animals are illegally traded for their skins or body parts. Pollution also poses a significant threat to biodiversity. Chemical pollutants can contaminate soil, water, and air, harming plants, animals, and microorganisms. In addition, invasive species can disrupt native ecosystems. These non - native species can outcompete native species for resources, leading to a decline in native biodiversity.
1. <问题1>
What is biodiversity mainly about?
A. Only different animals on Earth.
B. The variety of life on Earth including organisms and ecosystems.
C. Only plants in different areas.
D. All the man - made things on Earth.
答案：B。

<解析：文章开头明确指出生物多样性指的是地球上生命的多样性，包括所有不同的植物、动物、真菌和微生物以及它们形成的生态系统，A选项只提到动物，C选项只提到植物，D选项提到人造事物，均不符合文章内容。

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2. <问题2>
Why is biodiversity important?
A. It can make the Earth look more beautiful.
B. It provides ecological services and contributes to ecosystem stability.
C. It helps to increase human population.
D. It can make more money for humans.
答案：B。

<解析：文章提到生物多样性的重要性包括提供广泛的生态服务以及有助于生态系统的稳定，A选项说使地球看起来更美丽并非重点强调的重要性，C选项生物多样性与增加人口没有直接关系，D选项生物多样性的重要性不是为人类赚钱。

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3. <问题3>
What is one of the major threats to biodiversity?
A. Too many new species are born.
B. People plant too many trees.
C. Habitat destruction.
D. There are too many ecological services.
答案：C。

<解析：文章明确指出栖息地破坏是生物多样性面临的主要威胁之一，A选项新物种的诞生不是威胁，B选项种树不是威胁，D选项生态服务多不是威胁。

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4. <问题4>
Which of the following is an example of overexploitation?
A. People plant a lot of flowers in their gardens.
B. Some species of sharks are hunted for their fins.
C. People build nature reserves for wild animals.
D. Scientists study different microorganisms.
答案：B。

<解析：文章中提到鲨鱼因鱼翅被过度捕杀是过度开发的一个例子，A选项种花不是过度开发，C选项建立自然保护区是保护行为不是过度开发，D选项研究微生物不是过度开发。

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5. <问题5>
How can invasive species affect biodiversity?
A. They can help native species grow better.
B. They can make the environment cleaner.
C. They can outcompete native species for resources.
D. They can provide more food for native species.
答案：C。

<解析：文章提到入侵物种会与本地物种竞争资源从而影响本地生物多样性，A选项说帮助本地物种生长更好是错误的，B 选项使环境更清洁不符合，D选项为本地物种提供更多食物也是错误的。

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2
<背景文章>
The Tropical Rainforest: A Paradise of Biodiversity
The tropical rainforests are one of the most biologically diverse regions on our planet. Stretching across the equatorial zone, these lush and vibrant ecosystems are home to an astonishing variety of life forms.
One of the most remarkable features of tropical rainforests is the sheer number of species they harbor. For example, in just a few square kilometers
of rainforest, there can be hundreds of different species of trees. This is in stark contrast to temperate forests, where only a dozen or so tree species might be found in the same area. These trees provide habitats for countless other organisms. From the canopy high above, where monkeys swing from branch to branch, to the forest floor, which is teeming with insects, fungi, and small mammals.
There are also many unique species in the tropical rainforest. The poison dart frog is a prime example. With its brightly - colored skin, it serves as a warning to predators that it is highly toxic. These small frogs play an important role in the rainforest ecosystem, both as predator and prey. Another unique species is the sloth. Sloths are known for their slow - moving lifestyle. Their long claws and specialized digestive systems are adaptations to life in the trees, where they feed mainly on leaves.
Protecting the biodiversity of the tropical rainforest is of utmost importance. Firstly, these rainforests are a major source of oxygen production. The countless trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, which is vital for all life on Earth. Secondly, many of the plants found in the rainforest have medicinal properties. For example, the bark of the cinchona tree is used to produce quinine, which has been used to treat malaria for centuries. If the rainforests disappear, we may lose the potential for many life - saving drugs.
To protect the tropical rainforest, several measures can be taken. One
is through the establishment of protected areas. National parks and nature reserves can safeguard large tracts of rainforest from deforestation and illegal hunting. Another measure is sustainable development. This involves using the resources of the rainforest in a way that does not deplete them. For example, sustainable logging can be carried out, where only a certain number of trees are cut down each year, and new trees are planted to replace them.
In conclusion, the tropical rainforest is a precious and unique ecosystem. Its biodiversity is not only a wonder of nature but also essential for the survival of our planet.
6. What is one of the most remarkable features of tropical rainforests?
A. The large number of predators.
B. The high number of species.
C. The large area they cover.
D. The high mountains within them.
答案：B。

解析：文章明确提到热带雨林最显著的特征之一是拥有大量的物种，如在几平方公里的雨林中可能有数百种不同的树木，而不是说有大量的捕食者、大面积或者高海拔山脉等，所以选B。

7. What is the function of the poison dart frog's brightly - colored skin?
A. To attract mates.
B. To blend in with the environment.
C. To warn predators of its toxicity.
D. To regulate body temperature.
答案：C。

解析：文中提到毒镖蛙色彩鲜艳的皮肤是对捕食者的一种警告，表明它有剧毒，而不是为了吸引配偶、融入环境或者调节体温，所以选C。

8. Why are sloths known for their slow - moving lifestyle?
A. Because they are lazy.
B. Because of their long claws and specialized digestive systems.
C. Because they have no predators.
D. Because they eat too much.
答案：B。

解析：文章指出树懒的长爪子和特殊的消化系统是它们适应树上生活的表现，这也导致了它们行动缓慢的生活方式，而不是因为懒惰、没有天敌或者吃太多，所以选B。

9. What is one of the reasons for protecting the tropical rainforest?
A. To build more houses.
B. To find more precious metals.
C. It is a major source of oxygen production.
D. To develop more tourist attractions.
答案：C。

解析：文章提到保护热带雨林的一个重要原因是它是氧气生产的主要来源，而不是为了建更多房子、寻找更多贵金属或者开发更多旅游景点，所以选C。

10. Which is a measure to protect the tropical rainforest?
A. Unlimited logging.
B. Encouraging illegal hunting.
C. Establishing protected areas.
D. Building more factories in the rainforest.
答案：C。

解析：文章提到保护热带雨林的措施包括建立保护区，而无节制的伐木、鼓励非法狩猎和在雨林里建更多工厂都是破坏雨林的行为，所以选C。

3
<背景文章>
Endangered species refer to those species of plants, animals, or other organisms that are at risk of becoming extinct in the near future. The reasons for a species to become endangered are complex and often man - made.
Take the giant panda as an example. Giant pandas are native to China. They mainly live on bamboo. However, due to the large - scale deforestation in the past, their habitats have been severely damaged. As a result, the number of giant pandas has been decreasing rapidly. Another well - known endangered species is the African elephant. Poaching for ivory has been a great threat to them. Their tusks are highly valued in some illegal markets, which has led to a large number of elephants being killed.
Protecting endangered species has a very positive impact on biodiversity. Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth, including all species of plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the ecosystems
in which they live. Endangered species are an important part of this complex web of life. When we save an endangered species, we are actually protecting a part of the ecosystem. For example, if a certain plant - eating animal becomes extinct, it may lead to the over - growth of some plants, which in turn may affect other animals that depend on these plants for food or shelter.
11. What is the main reason for the giant panda to become an endangered species?
A. Their food source is not enough.
B. The large - scale deforestation.
C. They are hunted by other animals.
D. They are not good at reproducing.
答案：B。

详细的中文解析：文章中明确提到由于过去大规模的森林砍伐，大熊猫的栖息地遭到严重破坏，这是大熊猫成为濒危物种的主要原因。

A选项中，虽然大熊猫依赖竹子生存，但文章未表明是食物源不足导致其濒危；C选项文章未提及被其他动物捕猎；D选项文章也未提及繁殖能力差的问题。

12. What is the threat to African elephants?
A. The lack of water sources.
B. The change of climate.
C. Poaching for ivory.
D. The competition with other animals.
答案：C。

详细的中文解析：文章指出偷猎象牙对非洲象是一个巨大的威胁，在一些非法市场上它们的象牙价值很高，导致大量大象被杀害。

A选项缺乏水源、B选项气候变化、D选项与其他动物竞争，文章均未提及是对非洲象的威胁。

13. What does biodiversity include?
A. Only animals.
B. Only plants.
C. All species of plants, animals and microorganisms and their ecosystems.
D. Only microorganisms.
答案：C。

详细的中文解析：文章明确提到生物多样性是地球上生命的多样性，包括所有的植物、动物和微生物物种以及它们生活的生态系统。

A选项只提到动物，B选项只提到植物，D选项只提到微生物，都不全面。

14. What will happen if a plant - eating animal becomes extinct?
A. There will be no influence on the ecosystem.
B. Some plants may over - grow.
C. Other animals will have more food.
D. The ecosystem will become more stable.
答案：B。

详细的中文解析：文章提到如果一种食草动物灭绝，可能会导致一些植物过度生长，因为食草动物会对植物的生长起到一定的控制作用。

A选项说对生态系统没有影响是错误的；C选项其他
动物会有更多食物与文章表述不符；D选项生态系统会更稳定也是错误的。

15. What is the importance of protecting endangered species?
A. It can make more money.
B. It is just a waste of resources.
C. It is protecting a part of the ecosystem.
D. It can make the world more beautiful.
答案：C。

详细的中文解析：文章强调保护濒危物种实际上是在保护生态系统的一部分，这是保护濒危物种的重要意义。

A选项说能赚更多钱文章未提及；B选项说是浪费资源是错误的；D选项使世界更美丽不是文章所阐述的保护濒危物种的重要性。

4
<背景文章>
Biodiversity, which refers to the variety of life on Earth, is currently under serious threat due to various human activities. Urbanization, for example, is one of the major factors. As cities expand, large areas of natural habitats are being destroyed. Forests are cut down to make room for buildings, and wetlands are filled in for infrastructure construction. This directly reduces the living spaces for countless species, forcing many animals and plants to migrate or even face extinction.
Industrial pollution is another significant problem. Factories release a large amount of pollutants into the air, water, and soil. Polluted air can harm
the respiratory systems of animals and plants, and contaminated water can disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Toxic substances in the soil can also affect the growth and reproduction of plants, which in turn impacts the entire food chain.
However, it is also important to note that development is necessary for human progress. So, we need to find a balance between development and the protection of biodiversity. One way is through sustainable development. For instance, in urban planning, we can set aside green belts and nature reserves within cities. In industrial production, we can promote cleaner production technologies to reduce pollution emissions.
16. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The importance of urbanization.
B. The threats to biodiversity caused by human activities and the need for balance.
C. The benefits of industrial pollution.
D. The development of modern cities.
答案：B。

<解析：文章主要讲述了人类活动如城市化和工业污染对生物多样性造成威胁，并且强调了在发展与保护生物多样性之间寻找平衡的必要性，A选项只强调城市化重要性，C选项工业污染没有益处，D选项现代城市发展不是文章主要内容。

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17. According to the passage, how does urbanization affect biodiversity?
A. It creates more habitats for animals.
B. It destroys natural habitats.
C. It has no impact on biodiversity.
D. It only affects plants.
答案：B。

<解析：文章明确提到随着城市扩张，大量自然栖息地被破坏，这直接减少了无数物种的生存空间，所以是破坏了自然栖息地，A选项与原文相悖，C选项错误，D选项不全面。

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18. What is one of the effects of industrial pollution on biodiversity?
A. It makes the air cleaner.
B. It helps plants grow better.
C. It disrupts aquatic ecosystems.
D. It has no negative effects.
答案：C。

<解析：文中指出工业污染中的工厂向空气、水和土壤排放大量污染物，污染的水会破坏水生生态系统，A选项与原文工业污染使空气变脏相悖，B选项错误，D选项明显错误。

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19. What can be done to balance development and biodiversity protection?
A. Ignore biodiversity protection.
B. Stop all development activities.
C. Promote sustainable development.
D. Only protect big cities.
答案：C。

<解析：文章提到要在发展和保护生物多样性之间寻找
平衡的一种方式是可持续发展，A选项忽视保护是错误的，B选项停止所有发展活动不现实，D选项只保护大城市不符合平衡发展与保护的理念。

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20. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Biodiversity is not affected by human activities.
B. Only urbanization affects biodiversity.
C. We should find a way to balance development and biodiversity protection.
D. Industrial pollution has no impact on the food chain.
答案：C。

<解析：文章重点强调了要平衡发展和生物多样性保护，A选项与原文人类活动影响生物多样性相悖，B选项不仅城市化影响生物多样性，工业污染等也影响，D选项工业污染会影响食物链。

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5
<背景文章>
Biodiversity conservation has become a global concern in recent decades. International cooperation projects play a crucial role in this regard. One of the well - known projects is the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
The CBD was established with the aim of promoting sustainable use of biological resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their use. It has brought together numerous countries from all over the world. Through this cooperation, many significant achievements have
been made. For example, in some regions, the protection of endangered species has been strengthened. There are more protected areas established to safeguard the habitats of various organisms.
Moreover, international cooperation has also promoted scientific research on biodiversity. Scientists from different countries can collaborate, sharing their knowledge and techniques. This has led to a better understanding of the complex ecosystems and the relationships between different species.
In terms of future prospects, there is still a long way to go. The challenges are also numerous. Climate change is one of the major threats to biodiversity. Rising temperatures can disrupt the habitats of many species, forcing them to migrate or even face extinction. However, with continued international cooperation, there are hopes for more effective conservation strategies. New technologies such as satellite monitoring and genetic analysis can be more widely applied to better protect biodiversity.
1. <问题21>
A. The CBD aims at promoting the unlimited use of biological resources.
B. The CBD aims at promoting sustainable use of biological resources.
C. The CBD aims at preventing any use of biological resources.
D. The CBD aims at promoting the use of biological resources only in developed countries.
答案：B。

<详细的中文解析>文章中明确提到“The CBD was established with the aim of promoting sustainable use of biological resources”，即《生物多样性公约》（CBD）的建立旨在促进生物资源的可持续利用，A选项说无限制使用是错误的；C选项说阻止任何使用也不符合原文；D选项说只在发达国家使用也是错误的。

2. <问题22>
A. International cooperation has weakened the protection of endangered species.
B. International cooperation has no impact on the protection of endangered species.
C. International cooperation has strengthened the protection of endangered species.
D. International cooperation has only protected endangered species in a few countries.
答案：C。

<详细的中文解析>原文提到“Through this cooperation, many significant achievements have been made. For example, in some regions, the protection of endangered species has been strengthened.”，表明国际合作加强了对濒危物种的保护，A选项说削弱是错误的；B选项说没有影响不符合原文；D选项说只在少数国家保护也是错误的。

3. <问题23>
A. International cooperation has hindered scientific research on biodiversity.
B. International cooperation has made scientific research on biodiversity more difficult.
C. International cooperation has promoted scientific research on biodiversity.
D. International cooperation has only promoted scientific research in developed countries.
答案：C。

<详细的中文解析>文中提到“international cooperation has also promoted scientific research on biodiversity. Scientists from different countries can collaborate, sharing their knowledge and techniques.”，说明国际合作促进了生物多样性的科学研究，A选项说阻碍是错误的；B选项说让研究更困难不符合原文；D选项说只在发达国家促进也是错误的。

4. <问题24>
A. Climate change has no impact on biodiversity.
B. Climate change is a minor threat to biodiversity.
C. Climate change is a major threat to biodiversity.
D. Climate change only affects a few species in biodiversity.
答案：C。

<详细的中文解析>原文明确指出“Climate change is one of the major threats to biodiversity.”，A选项说没有影响是错误的；B选项说小威胁不符合原文；D选项说只影响少数物种也是错误的。

5. <问题25>
A. There is no hope for more effective conservation strategies in the
future.
B. New technologies can't be applied to protect biodiversity in the future.
C. With continued international cooperation, there are hopes for more effective conservation strategies.
D. Only developed countries can develop more effective conservation strategies in the future.
答案：C。

<详细的中文解析>文章提到“However, with continued international cooperation, there are hopes for more effective conservation strategies.”，A选项说没有希望是错误的；B选项说新技术不能应用不符合原文；D选项说只有发达国家能制定有效策略也是错误的。