2014考研写作核心词汇(单页开有答案)
2014考研英语词汇统计十一
2014考研英语词汇统计⼗⼀smart 聪明的，精明的 Smart students talk earlier than the average smash 打碎，打破，摧毁 The ball ～ed the window smooth 平滑的，光滑的～ skin snatch 夺得，⼀把抓住 The thief ～ed her handbag and ran off snob 势⼒的⼈，谄上欺下的⼈ a ～ of the first water soak 湿透，浸湿，浸泡 You shouldn’t have gone out in the rain－your clothes are ～ing sober 未醉的 A driver must stay ～ soil 泥⼟，⼟壤The ～here is very fertile sophisticated ⽼于世故的 a young man quite ～ for his age sore 痛的，痛苦的，痛⼼的touch sb on a ～ place sort 种类，类别 He is not the ～ of man to do such a cruel thing sound 健康的，健全的，完好的 a ～body in a ～ mind sour 酸的，酸味的～pickles sow 播种 This plot of land was sown with maize spare 多余的，剩下的have no ～ cash spark ⽕花，⽕星 The firework burst into a shower of ～s sparkle 发光，闪耀 Her eyes were sparkling with anger specify 具体指定，详细说明 They have specified the amount as 700,000 dollars spectacle 景象，奇观，壮观，场⾯ The burning house was a terrible ～ speculate 推测，推断 I cannot ～ on their motives for doing this spill 溢出，溅出 The ship ～ed oil while in port spin 纺制～ cotton into yarn spit 吐出 He was ～ting out the husks of sunflower seeds on the floor splash 溅泼A passing car ～ed my dress split 劈开，切开，裂开～ the firewood with an axe spoil 损坏，毁掉 It would ～ my reputation sponsor 发起者，主办者，保证⼈，赞助者the ～ of the annual Christmas parade spot斑点，污点 a blue tie with ～s spray 浪花，⽔花 The new shower heads reduce ～ and waste less water sprout 抽条，发芽，长出 The seeds we planted finally ～ed spur 靴刺，踢马刺a pair of ～s squeeze 榨，挤～ juice from oranges stab 刺，戳，猛的⼀击，突发的⼀阵 a ～ of anxiety stack整齐的⼀叠 a ～ of bills staff 全体职员，全体雇员 The company has got a ～ of about 40 stain 玷污，污染 His shirt was ～ed with blood stale ⾷品等不新鲜的，⾛味的 These old peanuts taste ～ stall ⽜舍 stamp 邮票 put a ～ on a letter startle 惊吓，使吃惊 The horse ～s easily starve 使挨饿，饿死 Many live in luxury while others are starving stationary 固定的，静⽌的，⾮流动的～ troops statistics 统计，统计资料 The recent ～ on marriage are interesting steer 掌舵，驾驶～ a car through the entrance stern 严厉的，苛刻的 a ～ punishment stick 棍，棒，⼿杖 Grandfather walks with a ～ stimulate 刺激，促使～ economic growth sting刺，螫，叮 A bee stung him on the neck stir 使微动，移动 A breeze ～red my hair stitch ⼀针，针脚 Make your ～es closer together stock 原料，备料，库存，现货 Rags are used as a ～ for making paper stoop 俯⾝，弯腰She ～ed to pick up her fan storm 风暴，暴风⾬，暴风雪 A ～ arose straightforward ⼀直向前的，直接的 a ～ business transaction strain 拉紧，绷紧 If you ～ the elastic any more, it will break strap 带，⽪带 silks ～s stream ⼩河，溪流 on the banks of a ～ strength ⼒量，⼒⽓，活⼒，效⼒ the economic ～ of a nation stress压⼒，紧张 Not all of us can cope with the ～es of modern life stretch 伸直，伸长 He yawned and ～ed himself stride阔步前进，⼤踏步⾛He strode to the platform strike 打击，撞 A stone struck me on the head string 细绳，线，带 She took the parcel and started to undo the string strip 剥去，除去 The wind stripped the tree of all its leaves strive 努⼒，奋⼒，⼒求～ towards a goal stroke 敲，打，鸣 drive in a nail with one ～ of the hammer stubborn 顽固的，倔强的 The ～ boy refused to listen to his parents’advice stuff 原料，材料，物品，东西 He has got all the ～ ready for building his new house subject 题⽬，主题 the ～ for a debate submerge 浸没，淹没，湮没 The stream overflowed and ～d the farmland submit 屈服，服从，投降～ to foreign pressure subordinate 下级的 In the army ,captains are ～ to majors substance 物质，实质 the ～ of pre-school education substitute 代替者，代替物 He is the doctor’s ～ during holidays times subtle 微妙的，巧妙的 His whole attitude has undergone a ～ change subtract 减，减去 Subtract 4 from 10 you get 6 succession 连续，⼀系列 a ～ of debates suck 吸，A large mosquito was sucking blood from the back of her hand sue 控告，起诉～ sb for slander summary 总结，概要 This book has a ～ at the end of each chapter superb 极好的，⼀流的，杰出的～ science and engineering。
2014考研英语核心词汇及常用词组(精简附例句版)
2013考研英语词汇第一部分考研英语核心词汇记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J，B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。
每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。
另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。
这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会取得良好学习效果！abide 遵循（…by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的abnormal behaviorabolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old customabrupt 突然的，意外的an abrupt departureabsolute 纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.abuse 滥用abuse one's authority(office)aaccelerate 加速，增速accelerate one’s stepsaccess 接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeradapt （使）适应adapt oneself to new conditionsaddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated bythe wife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessmanadvantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking anotherterm.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends.advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated companyaffirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.alien 外国的adjust to an alien cultureallege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projectsallied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallow 允给，准许，允许He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit. allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealter 改变，更改alter an attitudealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferamaze 使惊愕，使惊异I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answerambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心His political ambitions still burn.amend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.annual 每年的，年度的the annual output of steelanonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)answer 回答，响应Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall). anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood.appeal 呼吁，恳求I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes. apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes. arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field ofeconomics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controlsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrineof evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather sifavarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepaward 授予（奖品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔He was banned from entering the city.bang （突发的）sudden loud bangbar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of goldbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbounce 弹起，反弹The ball doesn’t bounce well.bound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall 喊，叫Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，废除，删去cancel a tripcapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.certify 证明，证实The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge 向...挑战Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match. character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious andwithout character.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of touristsclutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coincoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.come 来，来到Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的You should choose a roommate more compatible toyour tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescomprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心concentrate one’s atte ntioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfer 商谈，商议confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔confess one’s crimeconfidence 信任break sb.’s confidenceconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm 证实，肯定confirm a rumourconflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships.confuse 使混乱，混淆He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 连接，连接The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate one’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on astage.constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noiseconstitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctor about one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist betweenbuyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。
2014考研英语词汇统计（6）
这篇关于2014考研英语词汇统计（6），是特地为⼤家整理的，希望对⼤家有所帮助！finite 有限的,有限制的:a finite number of facts flare (⽕焰)闪耀,(摇曳不定地)燃烧:candle flaring in the wind flash 闪光,闪烁:a flash of lighting flat平坦的,扁平的:a flat land flatter奉承,使⾼兴:I feel greatly flattered by your invitation flavor味,味道,风味:drama with a European flavor flee逃⾛,逃掉:The enemy troops fled in utter confusion flexible柔韧易,弯曲的:flexible cord fling(⽤⼒)扔,掷,抛,丢:fling sb into prison flourish 茂盛,繁荣,兴旺:Painting flourished in Italy in the fifteenth century fluctuate波动,起伏:You can’t march in a straight line to the victory, you fluctuate it flush 脸红:Her cheeks flushed red forbid 不许,禁⽌:Wine is absolutely forbidden to all the children forge锻炼:forge a horse-shoe out of an iron bar formulate规划(制度等),构想出(计划⽅法等)formulate a policy fracture 裂缝,裂痕: a fracture in the pipe frequent时常发⽣的,频繁的:His trips to France are less frequent now frown 皱眉:frown at sb frustrate 挫败,阻挠,使灰⼼,使⽆效:frustrate a plan fulfill (fulfilled, fulfilling)履⾏,实现,完成: fulfill a contract furnish供应，提供：furnish blankets for the refugees fury狂怒，暴怒：fly into a fury fuss⼤惊⼩怪，乱忙，⼩题⼤做：make much fuss over losing a penny Ggallop (马等的)飞跑，疾驰：The horse did a fine gallop during the race gamble赌博：gamble at cards gasp 喘⽓，喘息：speak between gasps gear齿轮，传动装置，(排)档：interlock cogs and gears generalize 归纳，概括:I don’t think you can generalize about what voters will do generate 产⽣，发⽣(电、热、光、⼒、摩擦⼒等)：generate electricity genuine 真的，⾮⼈造的，名副其实的：genuine leather gesture ⼿势，⽰意动作：raise one’s hands in a gesture of despair glare 怒视，瞪眼：give the jury a glare glimpse ⼀瞥，⼀看：have a glimpse of (into)sth glitter 闪闪发亮(或发光)，光彩夺⽬，闪耀：His language glitters with marvelous words glory 光荣，荣誉：The soldiers hoped to win glory on the battle field glow 发热，发光，发红：the fire glowing in the darkness gossip 流⾔蜚语：give rise to gossip govern 统治，管理：govern a nation grace 优美：She ran well, grace in every movement graduate (使)⼤学毕业：graduate from college grant 同意，准予：grant a request grease 油脂，动物脂：the grease spot on the envelope greet 问候，招呼：greet sb with a nod grieve 使悲伤，使伤⼼：The little girl grieved over her kitten’s death grind (ground)磨，磨碎，碾碎：grind wheat into flour grip 抓紧，紧握：Fear gripped his heart gross 总的，⽑的：gross income guarantee 保证，保证书，保单：Wealth is no guarantee of happiness Hhail 欢呼，喝彩：The crowd hailed the actress with joy halt (⾏进中的)暂停前进，中⽌，终⽌：The car came to a sudden halt hamper 妨碍，阻碍：hamper sb from getting elected handicap 障碍，不利条件：Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student haste 急速，急忙，仓促，草率： Why all this haste? hatch 孵，孵出：hatch (out) chickens hazard 危险，危害物，危险之源：a life full of hazards heal 治愈，愈合：heal the sick heap (⼀)堆：a big heap of books hedge (矮树)树篱：a quickset hedge highlight 使显著，使突出：Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output hinder妨碍，阻⽌：Bad weather hindered travel hint 暗⽰：drop(give ,throw out)a hint hoist 举起，升起，吊起：The war hoisted prices hold 拿着，抓住：The girl is holding the baby in her arms homogeneous 同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的：homogeneous parts horizon 地平(线)：The sun has sunk below the horizon hospital 好客的，殷勤的，热情友好的：be hospital to the homeless hostile 敌⼈的，敌⽅的：a hostile army humble 地位(或⾝份)低下的，卑贱的：a humble job hysterical 情绪异常激动的，歇斯底⾥的 an hysterical outburst of fury Iidentical 同⼀的：the same (very)identical menu identify 识别，鉴别：He identified the coat as his brother’s idle 闲散的，闲置的：idle money ignite点燃，使燃烧：ignite a stove fire with scraps of paper illuminate 照明，照亮，解释，启发，启迪：The room was poorly illuminated by one candle illustrate (⽤图或例⼦)说明，阐明：A complicated rule can be illustrated by a simple example immerse 使浸没：He immersed himself in the pool immune免除的，豁免的：Nobody is immune from criticism impact 冲击，撞击：the impact of light on the eye。
2014考研必备 考研英语历年真题词汇手册
1997年重点词汇1. parliamentary adj. 议会的2 .territory n. 领土, 版图, 地域3 incurably adv.治不好地, 不能矫正地4 convincing adj.令人信服的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的5 flashed vi.闪光, 闪现, 反射, 使迅速6 pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速7 bulletin n.公告, 报告8 import n.进口货(常用复数), 进口, 输入, 意思, 重要性vt.输入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要, 引入9 sink in 被了解10 implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示11 bitterly adv.苦苦地, 悲痛的, 厉害的12 haste n.匆忙, 急忙13 turn back v.使停止往前, 往回走, 翻回到, 重新提到, 折转, 挡住14 euthanasia n.安乐死15 dominoes 多米诺16 injection n.注射, 注射剂, (毛细血管等的)充血, (人造卫星, 宇宙飞船等的)射入轨道17 diagnose v.诊断18 terminally adv.末尾, 一定时期地19 resident n.居民adj.居住的, 常驻的20 haunting adj.常浮现于脑海中的, 不易忘怀的21 spiritual adj.精神上的22 claw n.爪, 脚爪v.抓23 consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地24 deserve vt.应受, 值得v.应受25 dull adj.感觉或理解迟钝的, 无趣的, 呆滞的, 阴暗的vt.使迟钝, 使阴暗, 缓和vi.变迟钝, 减少26 loneliness n.孤独, 寂寞27 welcome n.欢迎vt.欢迎int.欢迎adj.受欢迎的28 harsh adj.粗糙的, 荒芜的, 苛刻的, 刺耳的, 刺目的29 frontier n.国境, 边疆, 边境30 charitable adj.仁慈的, (为)慈善事业的,宽恕的31 impulse n.推动, 刺激, 冲动, 推动力vt.推动32 weary adj.疲倦的, 厌倦的, 令人厌烦的, 疲劳v.疲倦, 厌倦, 厌烦33 hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情34 casual adj.偶然的, 不经意的, 临时的35 interpret v.解释, 说明, 口译, 通译, 认为是...的意思36 superficial adj.表面的, 肤浅的, 浅薄的37 artificial adj.人造的, 假的, 非原产地的38 historically 在历史上, 从历史观点上说39 complex adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的n.联合体40 assumption n.假定, 设想, 担任, 承当, 假装, 作态41 interrelationship 相互关系[联系, 影响], 干扰42 fail to 未能...43 draw v.拉, 曳, 牵, 画, 绘制, 拖曳vt.汲取, 领取, 提取, 引起, 吸引vi.向...移动, 挨近n.平局, 和局, 拖曳翻译部分：1.monetary adj.货币的, 金钱的2.precise adj.精确的, 准确的n.精确3.inflation n.胀大, 夸张, 通货膨胀, (物价)暴涨4.have any effect on 对…有影响5.analogy n.类似, 类推6.steering n.操纵, 掌舵, 指导7.disadvantages n.不利, 不利条件, 缺点, 劣势8.boast n.自夸, 值得夸耀的事物v.自夸, 以有...而自豪9.average n.平均, 平均水平, 平均数, 海损adj.一般的, 通常的, 平均的vt.平均为, 均分, 使平衡, 达到平均水平vi.买进, 卖出10.digit n.阿拉伯数字, 手指或足趾, 一指宽(约四分之三英寸)11.forecasters n.预报员12.panel n.面板, 嵌板, 仪表板, 座谈小组, 全体陪审员vt.嵌镶板13.consistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地14.favourable adj.赞成的, 称许的, 有利的, 顺利的n.有利15.conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的16.slack n.松弛, 静止, 淡季, 闲散, 家常裤adj.松弛的, 不流畅的, 疏忽的, 软弱的, 漏水的, 呆滞的, 懒散的adv.马虎地, 缓慢地vt.使松弛, 使缓慢, 马虎从事vi.松懈, 减弱, 松驰17.utilization n.利用18.take off v.拿掉, 取消, 脱衣, 起飞, 减弱, 离开, 岔开, 复制19.proved 被证实的20.thrilling adj.毛骨悚然的, 颤动的, 发抖的21.defective adj.有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的n.有缺陷的人, 不完全变化动词1998年重点词汇和词组1.capture n.捕获, 战利品vt.俘获, 捕获, 夺取2.imagination n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力, 听觉3.at the mercy of adv. 受...支配4.fascinated vt.使着迷, 使神魂颠倒vi.入迷, 极度迷人的5.achievement n.成就, 功绩6.assert v.断言, 声称7.cement n.水泥, 接合剂vt.接合, 用水泥涂, 巩固vi.粘牢8.intended adj.有意的, 故意的, 已经订婚的n已经订婚者9.deprived adj.缺乏足够教育的；缺少食物的10.in return adv.作为报答11.reservoir n.水库, 蓄水池12.contention n.争夺, 争论, 争辩, 论点13.bidding for n.命令, 出价, 邀请14.destruction n.破坏, 毁灭15.far from adv.远离, 远非, 远远不, 完全不, 非但不16.impact n.碰撞, 冲击, 冲突, 影响, 效果vt.挤入, 撞击, 压紧, 对...发生影响17.conflict n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突18.hydroelectric adj.水力电气的19.irrigation n.灌溉, 冲洗20.monster. n.怪物, 妖怪21.dealing with prep.有, 以, 用, 同...,由于, 和...一致, 赞成, 关于, 就22.tales n.[律]候补陪审员召集令23.revival n.苏醒, 复兴, 复活, 再生效, 复苏24.productivity n.生产力25.revolution n.革命, 旋转26.assume vt.假定, 设想, 采取, 呈现27.presiding adj.主持会议的, 指挥的28.statistics n.统计学, 统计表29.lump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块30.on average 平均起来31.acceleration n.加速度32.due to adv.由于, 应归于33.rebound n.回弹v.回弹34.disjunction n.分离, 分裂, 折断35.anecdote n.轶事, 奇闻36.reflected adj.反射的,得自他人的37.contribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿38.be intended to 为了39.profitable adj.有利可图的40.switch to v.切换到，转到, 转变成41.speculative adj.投机的42.ineptly adv.不适当地, 无能地43.chief executive 总裁44.revenue n.收入, 国家的收入, 税收45.far too many 太多的46.chop out 降低47.blunt adj. 直率的48.consultant n.顾问, 商议者, 咨询者49.schism n.(政治组织等的)分裂, 教派50.humanities 人文学科munity n.公社, 团体, 社会, (政治)共同体, 共有, 一致, 共同体, (生物)群落52.attack n.进攻, 攻击, (用语言)抨击, 批评, 疾病发作, 侵袭vt.攻击, 抨击, 动手处理(某事)vi.攻击53.concerns vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是54.assemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配vi.集合55.find fault v.挑剔56.academics adj.学院的, 理论的57.objectivity n.客观性, 客观现实58.concern with v.使关心59.contradict vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触60.dispute v.争论, 辩论, 怀疑, 抗拒, 阻止, 争夺(土地,胜利等)n.争论, 辩论, 争吵61.manifesto n.宣言, 声明62.scorn n.轻蔑, 嘲笑, 被叱责的人vt.轻蔑, 不屑做63.long for v.渴望64.pretechnological 技术时代65.depletion n.损耗66.epithet n.绰号, 称号67.lump n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起, 忍耐, 笨重地移动vi.结块68.enlighten vt.启发, 启蒙, 教导, 授予...知识, 开导, <古>照耀69.emerge vi.显现, 浮现, 暴露, 形成, (由某种状态)脱出, (事实)显现出来70.census n.人口普查71.standstill n.停止, 停顿72.implication n.牵连, 含意, 暗示73.enthrone vt.立...为王, 使登基, 任为主教, 崇拜vi.热心74.densely adv.浓密地, 浓厚地75.numerically 用数字, 在数字上76.depression n.沮丧, 消沉, 低气压, 低压77.migrate vi.移动, 移往, 移植, 随季节而移居, (鸟类的)迁徙vt.使移居, 使移植78.attribute to 归功于79.demographer n.人口统计学家80.apparently adv.显然地81.overcrowdedness n. 拥挤地区82.search for 搜寻83.spacious adj.广大的, 大规模的84.plagues n.瘟疫, 麻烦, 苦恼, 灾祸vt.折磨, 使苦恼, 使得灾祸85.as a result adv.结果86.considerably adv.相当地87.scatter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散88.isolate vt.使隔离, 使孤立, 使绝缘, 离析n.隔离种群89.geologist n.地质学者90.volcano n. 火山91.on the contrary adv.正相反92.interior adj.内部的, 内的n.内部estones n.里程碑, 里程标, 重要事件, 转折点94.inject into 把...注入plementary adj.补充的, 补足的96.reminder n.提醒的人, 暗示97.in detail adv.详细地98.readily adv.乐意地, 欣然, 容易地99.stationary 固定的100.anchor n.锚v.抛锚, 锚定101.confine vt.限制, 禁闭n.界限, 边界102.frame n.结构, 体格帧,画面,框架vt.构成, 设计, 制定, 使适合, 陷害vi.<英方>有成功希望n.帧,画面,框架103.geophysical adj.地球物理学的104.propel vt.推进, 驱使105.continental adj.大陆的, 大陆性的n.欧洲人106.fissure n.裂缝, 裂沟, (思想, 观点等的)分歧v.(使)裂开, (使)分裂107.initiate vt.开始, 发动, 传授v.开始, 发起108.formation n.形成, 构成, 编队109.mutability n.易变性, 性情不定1.by far adv.到目前为止2.object n.物体, 目标, 宾语, 对象vi.反对, 拒绝, 抗议vt.提出...来反对3.detect vt.察觉, 发觉, 侦查, 探测v.发现4.strip vt.剥, 剥去n.条, 带5.look into v.窥视, 浏览, 观察6.amazing adj.令人惊异的ndmark n.(航海)陆标, 地界标, 里程碑, 划时代的事8.in fact 实际上9.originate in 起源于10.put forward v.放出, 拿出, 提出, 推举出11.dominant adj.有统治权的, 占优势的, 支配的adj.[生物] 显性的12.cosmos 宇宙13.burst into v.闯入, 开出, 突然出现14.submicroscopic adj.亚微观的15.outward adj.外面的, 外表的, 公开的, 向外的, 外出的adv.向外, 在外, 表面上n.外表, 周围世界16.condensing into 冷凝为17.galaxy n.星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东西18.astrophysicist n.天体物理学家19.inflationary adj.通货膨胀的, 通货膨胀倾向的20.propel vt.推进, 驱使21.antigravity n.[物]无重量22.plausible adj.似是而非的1999年重点词汇和词组阅读理解部分1.rough adj.粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的, 粗暴的, 粗略叙述的v.大体描述adv.粗糙地2.doormat n.(放于门前的)擦鞋垫3.fail to 未能...wsuit n.诉讼(尤指非刑事案件)pensate v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬6.liable for 负责7.misfortune n.不幸, 灾祸8.anticipate vt.预期, 期望, 过早使用, 先人一着, 占先v.预订, 预见, 可以预料9.stepladder n.活梯10.fall off v.下降, 跌落, 减少, 衰退, 离开11.appropriate adj.适当的12.interaction n.交互作用, 交感13.federal regulation 联邦政府规章14.manufacture vt.制造, 加工n.制造, 制造业, 产品15.liability n.责任, 义务, 倾向, 债务, 负债, 与assets相对16.appear to 似乎17.side with defendant 站在被告一边18.paralyze vt.使瘫痪, 使麻痹19.helmet n.头盔, 钢盔20.at the same time 同时21.recommendation n.推荐, 介绍(信), 劝告, 建议22.substantial adj.坚固的, 实质的, 真实的, 充实的23.tort n.[律]民事侵权行为24.bombard vt. 炮轰；轰击25.trivialities n.琐事26.for the benefit of adv.为...的利益27.legal liability 法律责任28.revolve v.(使)旋转, 考虑, 循环出现29.tap n.轻打, 活栓, 水龙头vt.轻打, 轻敲, 敲打出, 开发, 分接, 使流出, 选择, 攻螺纹于vi.轻叩, 轻拍, 轻声走n.<美>(用复数)熄灯号30.prove to be 证明为31.make sense 使…有意义32.look for 寻找33.nonetheless adv.虽然如此, 但是34.hesitate v.犹豫, 踌躇, 不愿35.reliability n.可靠性36.senior adj.年长的, 资格较老的, 地位较高的, 高级的37.transaction n.办理, 处理, 会报, 学报, 交易, 事务, 处理事务38.access to 有权使用39.intranet 企业内部互联网merce n.商业41.available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的42.focus on 集中43.target n.目标, 对象, 靶子44.update v.使现代化, 修正, 校正, 更新n.现代化, 更新45.subscriber n.订户, 签署者, 捐献者46.customize v.[计] 定制, 用户化47.similar adj.相似的, 类似的48.special n.特派员, 专车, 专刊adj.特别的, 特殊的, 专门的, 专用的49.contempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬, [律]藐视法庭(或国会)50.thinks highly of 尊重51.distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫52.prospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望vi.寻找, 勘探53.horrify v.使恐怖, 使极度厌恶, 惊骇54.inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的55.resort to 求助于56.strategies n.策略, 军略57.interactivity 交互性58.hospitality n.好客, 宜人, 盛情59.security n.安全60.set up v.设立, 竖立, 架起, 升起, 装配, 创(纪录), 提出, 开业61.silicon n.[化]硅, 硅元素62.plunge n.跳进, 投入vi.投入, 跳进, 陷入vt.使投入, 使插入, 使陷入63.invisible adj.看不见的, 无形的64.on the behalf of 代表65.prospect n.景色, 前景, 前途, 期望vi.寻找, 勘探66.radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的n.激进分子67.explore v.探险, 探测, 探究68.contradiction n.反驳, 矛盾69.aim at v.瞄准, 针对70.justify v.证明...是正当的71.conception n.观念, 概念72.assess vt.估定, 评定73.optimism n.乐观, 乐观主义74.forsake vt.放弃, 抛弃75.pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义76.betray vt.出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密), 露出...迹象77.vocational adj.职业的78.emphasize vt.强调, 着重v.强调79.make sure v.确定，确信,证实80.presumptuous adj.专横的81.pick up v.掘地, 捡起, 获得, 使恢复精神, 加快, 看到, 随便地认识, 加速82.entirely adv.完全地, 全然地, 一概地83.in any case adv.无论如何plementary adj.补充的, 补足的85.vocational adj.职业的86.confusion n.混乱, 混淆87.startle v.震惊88.be opposite to 在...对面与...相反89.husbandry n.管理90.independent n.中立派, 无党派者adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的91.recommendation n.中立派, 无党派者adj.独立自主的, 不受约束的92.feverishly adv.兴奋地93.legislation n.立法, 法律的制定(或通过)94.be used for 用来做...95.consensus n.一致同意, 多数人的意见, 舆论96.unacceptable adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的97.attempt to 试图，企图98.general n.普通, 将军, 概要adj.一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大体的n.常规99.call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫100.n ucleus n.核子101.i n the air adv.在空中, 悬而未决, 在流传中, 不设防102.d epend on v.依靠, 依赖103.s upposedly adv.想像上, 按照推测104.g ravity n.地心引力, 重力105.b e curious about 对…好奇106.o rbital adj.轨道的, 眼窝的107.c onsider vt.考虑, 照顾, 认为108.p ossibility n.可能性, 可能发生的事物109.b e ready for 做好了充分的准备110.i mpression n.印象, 感想, 盖印, 压痕111.s ubstitute for 代替... 替换..., 取代..112.c onference n.会议, 讨论会, 协商会113.a dvisability n.明智114.f rown vi.皱眉, 蹙额, 不赞成, 反对v.皱眉115.b e shocked at 对…感到震惊116.s peculate vi.推测, 思索, 做投机买卖117.a mount to 总计，等于118.v ictim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品119.c onsistently 一贯地，一向，始终如一地120.c onvince vt.使确信, 使信服121.c arry out n.进位, 射程, 运载vt.携带, 运送, 支持, 支撑, 传送, 意味vi.被携带, 能达到122.a ccording to 依照，按照123.i ndicate vt.指出, 显示, 象征, 预示, 需要, 简要地说明124.m easurable adj.可测量的125.r easonable adj.合理的, 有道理的, 通情达理的, 讲道理的126.d istract v.转移127.r egister n.记录, 登记簿, 登记, 注册, 寄存器vt.记录, 登记, 注册, 提示, 把...挂号vi.登记, 注册, 挂号128.r egularity n.规律性, 规则性, 整齐, 匀称129.c onformity n.一致, 符合130.d esirable adj.值得要的, 合意的, 令人想要的, 悦人心意的131.b e blamed for 被责备132.i n favor of 赞成133.c onventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的翻译部分1.definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度2.conform to v.符合, 遵照3.attempt to 试图，企图4.significant adj.有意义的, 重大的, 重要的5.anew adv.重新, 再6.scatter v.分散, 散开, 撒开, 驱散7.partial adj.部分的, 局部的, 偏袒的, 偏爱的n.泛音8.partisan n.游击队9.rever v. 崇尚10.affinity n.密切关系, 吸引力, 姻亲关系, 亲合力11.methodology n.方法学, 方法论12.refer to 参考，参照13.peculiar adj.奇特的, 罕见的, 特殊的n.特有财产, 特权14.appropriate adj.适当的15.accuse of 因某事控告某人16.method n.方法17.victim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品18.fallacy n.谬误, 谬论19.implementation n.执行20.equate vt.使相等, [数]视为平等vi.等同2000年重点词组与词汇1. effortless adj.容易的, 不费力气的2. handicap n.障碍, 阻碍, 障碍赛跑v.妨碍, 使不利, 阻碍3. a driving force 动力4. a glowing period 增长时期，发展时期5. unparalleled adj.无比的, 无双的, 空前的6. scale n.刻度,衡量,比例,数值范围,比例尺,天平,等级vt.依比例决定,攀登,测量7. inevitable adj.不可避免的, 必然的8. predominance n.优势9. at a loss 困惑10. fading n.褪色,枯萎,衰退11. textile n.纺织品adj.纺织的12. sweep into 涌入13. on the rope (爬山者)用绳相互系在一起14. semiconductor n.[物] 半导体15. at the heart of 关键16. casualty n.伤亡17. prosperity n.繁荣18. sensational adj.使人感动的, 非常好的19. look back on 回忆20. struggling adj.奋斗的, 努力的, 苦斗的21. devalued 减值的, 贬值的22. yield to 屈服, 让步23. on a diet 吃规定的饮食24. quick-witted 机智25. executive adj.实行的, 执行的, 行政的n.执行者, 经理主管人员26. think tank n.智囊团27. drop to 下降到，跌到28. maturity n.成热, 完备, (票据)到期, 成熟29. universal adj.普遍的, 全体的, 通用的, 宇宙的, 世界的30. mortality n.死亡率31. excess n.过度, 剩于, 无节制, 超过, 超额adj.过度的, 额外的32. crucial adj.至关紧要的33. depend on 依赖，依靠34. kilogram n.[物]千克, 公斤35. variation n.变更, 变化, 变异, 变种, [音]变奏, 变调36. due to adv.由于, 应归于37. suicide n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为38 . fertile adj.肥沃的, 富饶的, 能繁殖的39. religious adj.信奉宗教的, 虔诚的, 宗教上的, 修道的，严格的n.僧侣, 尼姑, 修道士40. offspring n.(单复数同形)儿女, 子孙, 后代, 产物41. take advantage of 利用42. diminish v.(使)减少, (使)变小43. tribal adj.部落的, 种族的44. mediocrity n.平常, 平庸之才45. biological adj.生物学的46. utopia n.乌托邦, 理想的完美境界, 空想的社会改良计划47. physical adj.身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的n.体格检查48. transform vt.转换, 改变, 改造, 使...变形vi.改变, 转化, 变换n.[数]变换(式), [语]转换49 . ignorant of 不懂, 不知道50. organic adj.器官的, 有机的, 组织的, 建制的51. beyond prep.在(到)...较远的一边, 超过, 那一边adv.在远处n.远处52. comprehension n.理解, 包含53. descendant n.子孙, 后裔, 后代54. find out v.找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 认识到, 想出, 揭发55. advocate n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹56. aim at v.瞄准, 针对57. farfetched adj.牵强的58. be regarded as 视为59. with regard to adv.关于60. case n.事, 病例, 案例, 情形, 场合, 讼案, 容器, (语法)格61. literature n.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献62. in brief 简单扼要地63. consequently adv.从而, 因此64. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受65. require vt.需要, 要求, 命令66. pour out v.诉说, 倾吐67. unhampered adj.无妨碍的，无阻碍的68. make up v.弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆，补足,拼凑69. imitate vt.模仿, 仿效, 仿制, 仿造v.模仿70. at will adv.随意, 任意71. confused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的72. upsetting adj.令人心烦意乱的,令人苦恼的73. proposition n.主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题74. call for v.要求, 提倡, 为...叫喊, 为...叫75. essentially adv.本质上, 本来76. aimlessness adj.无目的的, 没有目标的77. envy n.vt.羡慕, 嫉妒78. male-dominated 男性主宰的79. questioning 质问80. sacrifice n.牺牲, 献身, 祭品, 供奉v.牺牲, 献出, 献祭, 供奉81. rigid adj.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的82. in addition n.加, 加起来, 增加物, 增加, 加法83. emphasis on 强调84. mechanical adj.机械的, 机械制的, 机械似的, 呆板的85. show up v.揭露, 露出, 露面86. test n.测试, 试验, 检验v.测试, 试验, 检验87. committee n.委员会88. frustration n.挫败, 挫折, 受挫89. drop out v.不参与, 离去, 放弃90. incident n.事件, 事变adj.附带的, 易于发生的91. violence n.猛烈, 强烈, 暴力, 暴虐, 暴行, 强暴92. assault n.攻击, 袭击v.袭击93. outcry n.大声疾呼94. conservative adj.保守的, 守旧的n.保守派95. emphasis n.强调, 重点96. minister n.部长, 大臣97. raise eyebrow 质疑地98. have more to do with 与…有关99. centralization n.集中, 中央集权化100. isolated adj.隔离的,孤立的, 单独101. commute v.交换, 抵偿, 减刑, <电工>整流102. crowded adj.拥挤的, 塞满的103. distinction n.区别, 差别, 级别, 特性, 声望, 显赫104. destiny n.命运, 定数105. vitality n.活力, 生命力, 生动性107. in an odd way 奇怪的是108. hypocrisy n.伪善109. barn n.[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍, 机器房110. in demand 需求111. decade n.十年, 十112. confess v.承认, 坦白, 忏悔113. pushing adj.有进取心的, 有冲劲的, 急切的114. acquisitive adj.想获得的, 有获得可能性的, 可学到的115. vulgar adj.粗俗的, 庸俗的, 普通的, 通俗的, 本土的n.<古>平民, 百姓116. materialism n.唯物主义117. radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的n.激进分子118. journalist n.新闻记者, 从事新闻杂志业的人119. advocating n.提倡者, 鼓吹者vt.提倡, 鼓吹120. participatory adj.供人分享的121. exceptional adj.例外的, 异常的122. formulation n.用公式表示, 明确地表达, 作简洁陈述123. at all costs adv.( =at any cost)不惜任何代价, 无论如何124. public n.公众, (特定的)人群, 公共场所adj.公众的, 公共的, 公立的, 公用的125. unimpressive adj.不令人信服的, 无印象的, 印象淡薄的126. as a result adv.结果128. fixed adj.固定的, 确定的, 准备好的, 固执的, 不易发挥的,<美口>(在经济上)处境...的129. stirring adj.激动人心的, 活跃的, 忙碌的130. prompting n.促进, 激励, 提示131. profess v.表示132. get on v.生活, 融洽相处, 进展, (使)前进, <口> 赶快, 发迹, 进展翻译部分1. act on v.对...起作用, 按...行动, 作用于2. welfare n.福利, 安宁, 幸福, 福利事业, 社会安全adj.福利的3. be bound up with 密切相关4. rest upon 依赖于5. secor 距离连续校正6. step up v.走近, 逐步增加, 提升, 提高7. utilize vt.利用8. the best advantage 最大利益9. interfere vi.干涉, 干预, 妨碍, 打扰10. in any case adv.无论如何11. manpower n.人力12. remarkable adj.不平常的, 非凡的, 值得注意的, 显著的13. be exposed to 遭受, 暴露于...14. innovation n.改革, 创新15. industrialized adj.工业化的16. pattern n.模范, 式样, 模式, 样品, 格调, 图案vt.模仿, 仿造, 以图案装饰vi.形成图案17. spread n.伸展, 展开, 传播, 蔓延, 酒席, 宴会, 桌布v.伸展, 展开, 铺, 涂, 敷, 摆, 传播, 散布18. undergo vt.经历, 遭受, 忍受19. concern vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是20. appropriate adj.适当的21. put them into effect 付诸实施2001年重点词组与词汇阅读理解部分1. specialization n.特殊化, 专门化, 特化作用2. response to 回答，反应，响应3. accumulation n.积聚, 堆积物4. split up 分裂5. no clear-cut distinction 没有绝对的区别6. amateur n.业余爱好者, 业余艺术家7. connotation n.含蓄, 储蓄的东西(词、语等), 内涵8. integrate into 融入到……中去9. community n.公社、团体、社会10. in particular 特别是11. consequent adj.作为结果的, 随之发生的12. imply vt.暗示, 意味13. participation in 参与14. illustrate vt.举例说明, 图解, 加插图于, 阐明15. in terms of 根据16. geology n.地质学, 地质概况17. definition n.定义, 解说, 精确度, (轮廓影像等的)清晰度18. acceptable to adj.可接受的, 合意的19. incorporate adj.合并的, 一体化的vt.合并, 组成公司20. make entrance to 接近21. be reinforced by 加强22. refereeing n.仲裁人, , [体]裁判员v.仲裁,23. underway adj.起步的,进行中的, 航行中的24. be reckoned as vt.计算, 估计,25. a great deal of 大量26. in the interest of 对……有利27. universalize access 普遍可以获得28. digital divide 数字鸿沟29. impoverished adj.穷困的, 无力的,用尽了的30. sovereignty n.君主, 主权, 主权国家31. distrust vt./n.不信任32. credibility n.可信性33. turn out to be 结果是34. factual adj.事实的, 实际的35. combine with v.与... ...结合36. head-scratching 令人头痛的37. puzzlement n.迷惑38. plug vt.堵, 插栓n.塞子, 插头, 插销39. conventional adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的40. narrative adj.叙述性的n.叙述41. disconnect v.拆开, 分离, 断开42. resident n.居民adj.居住的, 常驻的43. community n.团体, 共有, 一致, 共同体,44. at random 随意的45. maid n.少女, 女仆46. put down root 扎根47. elite n.<法>[集合名词]精华, 中坚分子48. root in 扎根于49. clash n.冲突, 撞击声,50. sponsor n.发起人, vt.发起, v.赞助51. symposium n.讨论会, 座谈会52. be dedicated to adj.专注的, 献身的53. diversity n.差异, 多样性54. there's no question that 毫无疑问55. multinational corporation 跨国公司56. account for v.说明, 占, 解决, 得分57. affiliate v.(使...)加入, 接受为会员58. underlie vt.位于...之下, 成为...的基础59. scanty adj.缺乏的, ,俭省的,60. be broken up 坏掉的61. watch n.注视，手表62. supervise v.监视，监督63. lender n.出借人, 贷方64. gigantic adj.巨人般的, 巨大的65. take upon 承担66. lateral n.侧部, adj.横(向)的, 侧面的67. profile n.剖面, 侧面, 外形, 轮廓68. in the manner of 以... ...方式69. disgraced n.耻辱, 丢脸的人(或事) v.玷污70. passionate adj.充满热情的71. advocate n.提倡者vt.提倡,72. preach v.鼓吹73. resignation n.辞职, 辞职书, 放弃,74. doctrine n.教条, 学说75. voluntary simplicity 自愿简朴76. breed v.(使)繁殖, 教养, n.品种,77. cling-film 薄膜78. dropping out n.滴下, 滴下物, 空投,79. redundancy n.裁员翻译部分：1. offend v.犯罪, 冒犯, ,得罪,2. equip with 装备3. personality n.个性, ,人物,4. futurologist n.未来学家5. dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地6. piece together 拼凑在一起7. pick up 偶然碰到8. integration n.综合9. synthetic adj.合成的, 人造的,10. appliance n.用具, 器具11. kitchen-rage 厨房狂躁症2002年重点词组与词汇1. indentify v.确定，证明2. relevant to 有关的，相应的3. in sympathy with 同情4. depend on 依赖，依靠5. refer to v.查阅, 提到, 谈到,6. secretary n.秘书, 书记, 部长,7. alternatively adv.做为选择, 二者择一地8. addressing 寻址, 选择, 选址9. comment on 评论10. convention n.大会, 协定, 习俗,11. arrive in 到达12. show around 参观13. accommodation n.住处, 膳宿14. push aside 把. . . . . .推开,避开15. stomp n.跺脚16. position n.位置17. common to 共同的，公共的，公用的18. appropriate adj.适当的19. inedible adj.不适于食用的,20. notorious adj.声名狼籍的21. resent v.愤恨, 怨恨22. disparaging adj.蔑视的, 毁谤的,23. scapegoat n.替罪羊24. off-the-cuff 即兴的25. familiar adj.熟悉的, n.密友,26. exaggeration n.夸张, 夸大之词27. understandment n.理解28. pick out 挑选29. inject vt.注射, 注入30. ingenuity n.机灵, 独创性, 精巧,31. cope with 对付，应对32. burdensome adj.繁重的, 烦累的,33. result in 导致34. confer n.商讨，授予35. version n.译文, 译本,36. as a result 结果是37. gizmos n.小发明38. universal adj.普遍的, 通用的, 宇宙的,39. hum to v.嗡嗡叫, 哼40. assembly n.集合, 装配,41. automated adj.自动化的42. terminal n. 终端, adj.末期, 每期的,43. control v.控制44. miniaturization n.小型化45. submillimeter n.微米46. supervision n.监督, 管理47. at least 至少48. interact vi.互相作用, 互相影响49. despite prep.不管, 尽管, 不论50. initial adj.最初的, 词首的, n.词首大写字母51. in attempting to 企图52. a fraction of n.小部分, 片断, 分数53. irrelevant adj.不相关的54. instantaneous adj.瞬间的, 即刻的,55. suspicious adj.(～of) 可疑的, 怀疑的56. neuroscientist n.神经科学家57. return vi.归还58. jump vi.跳跃，上涨59. scary adj.引起惊慌的60. quadruple adj.四倍的, 四重的, n.四倍61. suspend vt.吊, 悬挂v.延缓62. consequence n.结果, [逻]推理, 因果关系,63. severe adj.严厉的, 剧烈的, 严重的,64. effect n.结果, 影响, vt.招致,达到(目的等)65. sensitive to adj.敏感的, 灵敏的, 感光的66. conservation n.保存, 保持, 守恒67. intensive adj.强烈的,68. consumption n.消费, 消费量, 肺病69. consultancy n. -cies 顾问（工作）70. estimate v.估计, 估价, 评估71. compared with 相比72. commodity n.日用品73. supreme adj.极度的, 极大的, 最高的74. implicaton n.暗示75. constitutional adj.构成的, 宪法的,76. intend vt.想要,意指,77. foresee vt.预见, 预知78. permissible adj.可允许的,79. justify v.证明...是正当的80. morphine n.吗啡81. principle n.法则, 原则, 原理82. mediation n.仲裁, 调停, 调解83. maintain vt.维持, 供养, 主张84. prescribe v.指示, 规定, 处(方),85. legitimate adj.合法的, 合理的, v.合法86. homicide n.谋杀87. community n. 团体,共同体, 共有, 共同体,88. acknowledge vt.承认, 答谢, 报偿89. prolonged vt.延长, 拖延90. ineffectual adj.无效的, 不成功的91. hospice n.旅客住宿处, 收容所,92. therapy n.治疗93. to the extent that 大意是说94. systematic adj.系统的, 体系的95. presumptively adv.假设地96. incompentently adv.不合格地翻译部分：1. major adj.主修的, 成年的,2. behavior n.举止, 行为3. similar adj.相似的, 类似的4. discard vt.丢弃, 抛弃5. remain vi.保持, 逗留, 剩余,6. obscure adj.暗的, 模糊的,7. interaction n.交互作用, 交感8. prescientific adj.科学以前的,9. entrench v.以壕沟防护10. illustrate vt.举例说明, 图解,11. responsibility n.责任, 职责2003年重点词组与词汇1. spymaster n.间谍组织的首脑2. lay the root for 打下基础3. be fascinated with 着迷4. believe in 相信5. espionage n.间谍, 侦探6. reshape vt.改造, 再成形,7. vocation n.召唤, 职业8. electronic adj.电子的9. decade n.十年, 十10. point-and-click 点击11. intelligence n.智力, 聪明, 智能12. increasingly adv.日益, 愈加13. influential adj.有影响的, 有势力的14. compile vt.编译, 编辑, 汇编15. by a large margin 大幅度16. advantage n.优势, 有利条件, 利益17. mastery n.掌握18. private adj.私人的, 私有的,19. corporation n.[律]社团, 法人,20. prediction n.预言, 预报21. mutually adv.互相地, 互助22. distribution n.分配,23. vacum up 清空24. predict v.预知, 预言, 预报25. sign-up 登记26. staff n.棒, 全体职员, vt.供给人员,27. back-and-forthing 来来回回28. dramatic adj.戏剧性的, 生动的29. declaration n.宣布, 宣言,30. take pride in 骄傲31. independent n.中立派, adj.独立自主的,32. paraphrase n.短语,措词33. triumph n.胜利, 成功v.获得胜利34. misguide vt.误导35. seek to v.寻找, 探索,36. biomedical adj.生物(学和)医学的37. rull out 排除38. advocate n.提倡者, vt.提倡,39. advance in n.前进, v., 预付adj.前面的40. allegation n.主张，断言, 辩解41. cruelty to n.残忍, 残酷42. perplexed adj.困惑的, 不知所措的43. deliberately adv.故意地44. staffing 安置职工45. fair adj.美丽的, (头发)金黄的,公平的, (天气)晴朗的46. distributing v.分配,分发,分布47. encourage vt.鼓励, 怂恿48. immunization n.使免除, 使免疫49. vaccine adj.疫苗的, n.疫苗50. epidemic adj.流行的, n.时疫,51. compassionate adj.富于同情心的52. molecular adj.[化]分子的, 由分子组成的53. make clear 弄清楚54. connection between 联系55. hip n., 忧郁adj.熟悉内情的56. at best adj.最好的adv.最好地57. at worst adj.最坏的, 最差的58. editor n.编辑, 编辑器, 编者59. lest conj.唯恐, 以免,60. misinformation n.误报, 误传61. institution n.公共机构, 协会,62. ultimate adj.最后的, 最终的,63. citizenry n.公民成市民(集合称)64. ember n.灰烬, 余烬65. combine with v.与...结合66. merge into v.合并, 并入,67. heightened v.提高, 升高68. monopoly n.垄断, 垄断者,69. account for v.说明, 占, 得分70. freight n.货物, 运费, vt.装货,。
考研英语2014真题作文
考研英语2014真题作文考研英语2014真题作文答案In recent years, the number of students applying for postgraduate programs has been skyrocketing. This phenomenon can be attributed to various factors, including the increasing awareness of the importance of higher education, the competitive job market, and the desire for personal growth and development. In this essay, I will discuss these factors and provide my perspective on the trend.Firstly, the growing importance of higher education is one of the primary reasons why more students are choosing to pursue postgraduate studies. In today's society, a bachelor's degree is no longer seen as sufficient to secure a well-paying and stable job. Employers are now seeking candidates with advanced degrees and specialized knowledge. As a result, many students see postgraduate education as a way to gain a competitive edge in the job market and increase their chances of finding employment.Secondly, the competitive nature of the job market plays a significant role in the decision to pursue postgraduate studies. With an increasing number of graduates entering the workforce each year, the competition for jobs has become fierce. Many students realize that a postgraduate degree can set them apart from other applicants and give them a better chance of landing their desired job. Consequently, they choose to continue their studies in order to enhance their qualifications and expand their skill set.Additionally, the desire for personal growth and development motivates many students to pursue postgraduate education. Higher education offers anopportunity for individuals to delve deeper into their field of interest and become experts in their chosen areas. It provides a platform for intellectual exploration, research, and self-improvement. Many students are driven by the desire to expand their knowledge, acquire new skills, and challenge themselves academically.Moreover, the availability of scholarships, grants, and financial assistance programs also plays a role in the decision to pursue postgraduate studies. Many universities and organizations offer funding options specifically for postgraduate students, making higher education more accessible to those who may not have the financial means to pay for it themselves. This financial support serves as an incentive for many students to apply for postgraduate programs and further their education.In conclusion, the increasing number of students applying for postgraduate programs can be attributed to the importance of higher education in today's society, the competitive job market, the desire for personal growth, and the availability of financial assistance. Whilst pursuing postgraduate studies may require dedication, time, and financial investment, it offers numerous benefits and opportunities for individuals to advance their careers, expand their knowledge, and achieve personal growth.。
2014年考研英语作文必背万能模板汇总【2】
2014年考研英语作文必背万能模板汇总【2】模板2：Basically, what we see in this cartoon is . The interestingly echos the . while we can imagine .We can deduce from this picture that the artist is trying to attract our attention to the present exploding world population. The striking point is that . As a result, . On the contrary, .The simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole of human race. . Hence, mankind should cooperate worldwide to control population by effective measures, in order to secure the prosperity of our future on this planet. (参见范文2)4、环境保护类模板1：This is a very interesting piece of cartoon, in thanks to . Hence, .Though being a little exaggerating, the cartoon illuminates a serious fact that , and for that matter, . A recent report also supported this view by . On the contrary, we are sad to perceive that .Therefore, in my opinion, it is already high time for the whole world to form a solid cooperation fighting against , because not a single government or person can be exempt from its harm. A series of down-to-earth measures need to be urgently implemented to control . (参见范文2)模板2：Nowadays, lots of people have the illusion that . Just as what is shown in the picture, .This is a very serious social problem. Compared with other countries, China . If everybody behaves in this way, it would befar beyond the country’s capacity to . Moreover, it was reported that . Meanwhile, . Also, .Though , it is never the only way. What’s important, to solve these problems depends largely on our responsibility for society and environment. If the sense of responsibility is greatly aroused, the achievement of harmony between man and the environment will not be far away. (参见范文7)功能II：论证观点这种类型的文章主要分析论证一些具体的观点。
2014考研英语真题词汇
occurrence /əˈkʌrəns/ |CET4 TEM41.N-COUNT An occurrence is something that happens. 发生的事情例：Complaints seemed to be an everyday occurrence.投诉似乎成了天天发生的事。
2.N-COUNT The occurrence of something is the fact that it happens or is present. (某事物的) 发生; 存在例：The greatest occurrence of coronary heart disease is in those over 65.冠心病的最高发病率在65岁以上的人群中。
feedback /ˈfiːdˌbæk/ |CET4 TEM41.N-UNCOUNT If you get feedback on your work or progress, someone tells you how well or badly you are doing, and how you could improve. If you get good feedback you have worked or performed well. 反馈例：Continue to ask for feedback on your work.继续征求对你工作的反馈。
2.N-UNCOUNT Feedback is the unpleasant high-pitched sound produced by a piece of electrical equipment when part of the signal that comes out goes back into it. (电子信号产生的) 尖厉噪声例：The microphone screeched with feedback.麦克风发出了尖厉的噪声。
2014考研英语作文经典必背模板
There be, according to the inspiring & melting /impressive & enlightening/ exaggerative & satirical picture ,主语doing sth, doing…（表情+衣着+心情）+周边环境+with表情as if +虚拟语气. And the caption under this cartoon indicates that”提示语”. Casting a closer look upon this picture provides us with another sense of its deep implications.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us of the significance of (个人素质). Nowadays, with the rapid economic growth and on account of the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in our daily life, imposing tremendous pressure on all individuals. Consequently, what is harder to image is that a man can (achieve success , finish his life goal ,be well-done in his field, )without (个人素质) in the underlying trend. Hence, on no circumstance can people ignore the value of (个人素质). In conclusion, it has been universally acknowledged that the (个人素质) has became the most indispensable and elemental qualification that anyone who longs for achieve success should possess.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us that（现象）This issue has caused general debates in the society today. However, identifying the reasons for a public phenomenon which involves several complicates factors is far from an easy task. For instance, some （scholars）attribute( ) to a series of societal factors such as educational failures, incorrect guidance and negative impacts, while others place the blame solely on people themselves due to the deterioration of the public and moral awareness of ( )undertremendous pressure in a competitive world.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that(个人素质)contributes directly to fulfilling our ambitions. {In my opinion, (现象), the thought-provoking social phenomenon, has a great influence on 对象} It is imperative for us to take drastic measures. Therefore, to begin with, it is time that the department concerned ought to take proper policies to (consciously assist people, especially the youngsters, in developing this necessary ability), and people, who intend to finish their life goals, should strove to enhance the awareness of ( ) from the little things for their further development in such a complex and changing world which is full of competition because of the rapid economic growth in those years. Also I believe that, one day, not long after, a much better and brighter future will surely await us.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us that use of gongju has two sides. On the one hand, since the primary of 工具is 本来用途，工具will undoubtedly have positive social consequences in people’s daily life because 好的用途.Then, on the other hand, if the preoccupation of our energy with 工具is increased，less time may be spend 另一面. Consequently, it may bring us a lot of trouble which (具体危害).“we should neither be confined to material things, nor be enslaved by them”/ “every coin has two sides”may well be the truest saying and using 工具legitimately may be most criticalrequirement of all people. To draw a conclusion, 工具的users, especially the （特殊人群,students, youngsters, old ）,should closely examine their behavior, to ensure that 避免坏的一面. After all, we need not throw it out the window, but neither should we charge on blindly into complete dependence on 工具，ignoring本来的东西.一、过度包装T here is, according to the impressive and enlightening picture, a man checking his present with surprise and disappointed expression because of the mini gift in such a big beautiful box, as if there were a corresponding-size thing he aspires. Casting a closer look upon this picture provides us with another sense of its deep implications.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us that excessive packaging in goods has flooded into our daily life. On the one hand, since the primary of packaging is to express real information and to protect commodities，packing will undoubtedly have positive consequences in the process of trading, because goods, with attractive and veritable coats, may draw more attention and produce more profits. But, on the other hand, if the preoccupation of manufacturers’energy with package is increased，lesscapital may be spend in maximizing product quality. In other words, once commercial promotion begins to focus on packing, the distinction between excessive packaging and deceiving fades. Consequently, it may bring us a lot of trouble which wastes money, falls short of customers’anticipation and sometimes even threatens the public health.“Every coin has two sides”may well be the truest saying and packaging legitimately may be most critical requirement of all businessmen. To draw a conclusion, producers, especially about medicine and public health services, should closely examine their behavior, to ensure that they strive to pack the goods with real and accurate massages. After all, they need not tear it down, but neither should we charge on blindly into the desire of enterprises to make profit，ignoring the fact that package is just an outside, not an inside. (281 words)二、旅游宰客There are, according to the impressive & enlightening picture, sad, listless tourists and blurry landscapes reflected in the side mirror of the tourist bus. Strangely, blood is dropping along the edge, as if the mirror were a knife to massacre these people. And the caption under this cartoon indicates that “tourism slaughters travelers”. Casting a closer look upon this picture provides us with another sense of its deep implications.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us that tourists areoften squeezed for money during their trips. This issue has caused wide public concerns in the society today. However, identifying the reasons for a public phenomenon which involves several complicates factors is far from an easy task. For instance, some people attribute overcharging bills and forced consumption to a series of government factors such as ineffective supervision, poor management and shortage of laws concerned, while others place the primary blame on people themselves because travelers seem to be accustomed to take trips in golden week holiday such as May Day and National Day. Consequently, it provides tourism industry an “opportunity”to seek excessive profits.In my opinion, tourism profiteering, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, has a great influence on travelers. It is imperative for us to take drastic measures. Therefore, to begin with, it is time that the local department ought to make effective laws to address the quandary. In addition, people, who longs for a comfortable and economical trip, should spend more ordinary time in traveling in not only resorts but also unknown sightworthy tourist attractions. Also I believe that, one day, not long after, a much better and brighter tourism will surely await us.(280 words)三、隐私安全The set of impressive and enlightening cartons vividly depicts that privacy security has a great influence on all people, especially the famous. There is, in the left drawing, an excitedman running to the newspaper office with a huge jar on his should and writing something about the big jar named "intimacy of celebrities”, as if he were to publish his considerable breakthrough. Meanwhile, in the other one, there is a thief-like cell phone spitting out a lot of short massages called “individual privacy”, which makes the half-naked man astonished and uncomfortable.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us of the phenomenon that some people make profits by stealing others' private information and exposing their personal life in today society. And this issue has coursed wide public concerns. On the one hand,some people attribute eroding privacy to certain government factors such as poor supervision, ill management and shortage of effective laws. However, on the other hand, others place the primary blame on media which often collect, steal and sometimes even fabricate personal privacy to attain their ultimate belief that satisfying people' curiosity about others' intimacy could increase their popularity.Personally speaking, exposing personal privacy,the offensive and distressing social problem, can greatly endanger individuals and the whole society. Therefore, it is the time that immediate and positive measures must be adopted to address the quandary. To begin with, the government should make relevant regulations and laws so as to punish those media and person exposing theirs' privacy. In addition, all people should enhance their awareness of the importance of the privacy protection. Also I believe that a safer and better future await us.(280 words)四、啃老一族There are, according to the impressive and enlightening cartoon, a hence mother and her lovely baby. Strangely, the tired old mother seems to try her best to lay an egg so as to satisfythe demand of the cool little child, while he is comfortable lying under his mother and holding up a bowl labeled "Neet" to accept the precious egg.After careful thinking, the real purpose of the author is to inform us the phenomenon that some children executively rely on their parents and families, rather than earn their own living. And this issue has caused wide concerns. On the one hand, some people attribute Neet groups to certain family effects, such as this bad habit of spoiling children and too much unnecessary worries. However, on the other hand, it is more accessible that the rest of them place the blame on children themselves ruining their parents' property in that deficient impulse made them lose themselves and lack of definite life-goal.Personally speaking, Neet groups depending on old generations, the offensive and distressing social problem, can greatly endanger the healthy development of the young and the future of the whole society.Therefore, it is the time that immediate and effective measures must be adopted to address the quandary. To begin with, schools and families should teach children how to manage on their own. In addition, children also should enhance the awareness of self-independence and learn how to integrate into society.(241 words)。
2014商志3147历年考研英语核心词汇必备 - 副本
Unit 26humor n. 幽默humorous adj. 幽默的joke n. 玩笑，笑话identify v. 找出，识别出，确定identify with v. 认同…，同情be relevant to adj. 和…有关irrelevant adj. 无关的audience n. 听众，观众point of view 观点= viewpoint = view address v. 想…发表演说；写信disorganized adj. 杂乱无章的show sb. around 领着四处参观accommodation n. 住处，吃住条件accommodate v. 适应= adaptpeaceful adj. 和平的，心境平和的arrival n.到达;新到达的人/物(反:departure)grab v. 抓，抢夺grip n. 抓牢，握紧stomp v. 跺脚，重踏stamp v. 跺脚；盖章，贴邮票n. 邮票inedible adj. 没法吃，不能食用的canteen n. 食堂，饭厅notorious adj. 臭名昭著的，名声恶劣的taste n. 品位；味道distaste n.（对事物的）不喜欢，厌恶= dislikecut in 插嘴，插入resent v. 讨厌resentment n. 讨厌，怨恨disparaging adj. 轻视的，鄙视的，污蔑性的on safe ground 安全地，保险地scapegoat n. 替罪羊awkward adj. 不自然的，笨拙的，不灵活的awful adj. 糟糕的，可怕的；非常的casual adj. 随意的，自然的= natural off-the-cuff adj. 即兴的，非正式的relaxed adj. 放松的light-hearted adj. 放松的，轻松的unforced adj. 随意的forced adj.强制性的in a relaxed and unforced manner以轻松自然的方式twist n./v. 歪曲，扭曲quote n. 引言v. 引用（某人的话）exaggeration n. 夸张，夸大其词understatement n. 重事轻说，轻描淡写make fun of 取笑be conscious of adj. 意识到，注意到= be aware ofentitle to v. 赋予做…的权利，有做…的权利be entitled to (do) something有权利享有…，有权利做…privilege n. 特权the underprivileged 弱势阶层，弱势群体laughing stock 笑柄，笑料desired result 希望达到的结果strategy n. 策略，战略marketing ~ tactics n. 策略，手段Unit 27intellectual adj. 知识方面的，才学方面的n. 知识分子；知识，理性anti-intellectualism反才学、反知识主义intellect n. 智力，才学intelligent adj. 智力的，智能的，聪明的intelligence n. 智力，智商，智慧；情报native intelligence 与生俱来的智慧artificial intelligence 人工智能military intelligence background军事间谍背景spy n. 间谍v. 刺探（消息）dawn n. 黎明；开始= origin =beginning nightfall n. 黄昏，傍晚ingenuity n. 灵巧，智力ingenious adj. 机灵的，有独创性的devise v. 设计,想出design v./n.设计,图案device n. 装置，工具= toolcunning adj. 狡猾的，灵巧的cope with 对付boring adj. 无聊的= dull burdensome adj. 繁重的，难以承担的plain adv. 仅仅是nasty adj. 肮脏的，令人讨厌的robotics n. 机器人技术robot n. 机器人confer v. 召集；授予，给予，赋予conference n. 会议attend a ~attendee n. 参加者attend v. 参加，出席；照顾，呵护（~ to ）attendance n. 出席，出席的人数attendant n. 护理人员，服务员have (yet) to 还不得不，还没有，尚未science fiction 科幻小说presence n. 出席；出现，问世absence n. 缺席，不在，没有absent adj. existence n. 存在；生存、生活（状态）human labor 体力劳动hum to the rhythm 发出有节奏的嗡鸣assembly n. 组装（线），生产（线）automated teller terminal自动柜员终端,自动出纳机subway train 地铁tireless robo-driver 不知疲倦的机器人司机thanks to 幸亏，多亏，由于miniaturization n. 微缩化，微型化perform/conduct a surgery 进行一项外科手术perform v. 进行，执行，履行~ a task performance n. 表现，成就precision n. 精确accuracy n. 准确（度）physician n. 内科医生laborsaving adj. 节约劳动力的utility n. 功效，用处= usageerror n. 错误common sense 常识dynamic adj. 动态的，不断变化的the quest for something 对…的探索、探究spell v. 拼读；宣布；出现（过去式spelt）initial adj. 开始，起初的transistor n. 传感器circuit n. 电路lately adv. 最近latest adj. 最近的copy v. 模仿，复制action n. 行为，活动forecast v./n. 预报~er 预言者= predict talented adj. 有天赋，高智商的a fraction of n. 微小的片段，部分glimpse n. 一瞥，瞥见scene n. 场景immediately adv. 立刻instantaneously adv. 瞬间地，立即地winding adj. 蜿蜒曲折的advance n.进步,发展technological ~科技进步advanced adj. 先进的，发达的~technologycrowd n. 拥挤的人群invention n. 发明neuro- （词缀）神经的neural adj. 神经的neurologist n. 神经学家tackle v. 处理，应付，解决delicate adj. 精致的；脆弱的intervention n. 干涉，干扰internal adj. 内部的normal adj. 正常的abnormal adj. 反常的abnormality n. 反常情况Unit 28supply-cut n. 减少供应supply v./n. 供应demand n./v. 需求；要求in (ample) supply （大量）供应的in (excess)demand(过度)需求的,(极度)需要的jump v. 迅速上升= soar v. 激增，猛涨take off 激增，猛涨；（飞机的）起飞barrel n. （石油）桶triple v./adj. 成三倍double v./adj. 两倍的；翻一番quadruple v. 翻两番，四倍eightfold adv. 八倍的-fold adj. …倍的call up one’s memory 唤起/引起人们的回忆memorize v. 记忆inflation n. 通货膨胀global adj. 全球的headlines n. 报纸头条，新闻标题suspend v. 停止，暂停suspension n.停止,暂停；吊销(执照、证书等)northern hemisphere 北半球in the short term 在短期内severe adj. 严重，艰难petrol n. 汽油retail n. 零售retailer n. 零售商mute adj. 哑的，无声的have a muted effect on 对…没有明显影响= have no significant impact onpump price （石油）零售价rich economies 发达国家的经济be sensitive to 对…敏感；容易受到…影响swing n./ v.（价格等的）波动= fluctuate v.conservation n. 保护（自然资源）conservation measures (对自然资源的)保护措施energy conservation 节能fuel n. 燃料v. 助长；促进，推动energy-intensive 能源密集型software n. 软件steel n. 钢材GDP 国内生产总值constant adj. 始终一致的，恒定不变的estimate v./n. 估计squeeze v. 挤压lose sleep over… 担忧…，因…而失眠occur at the background of 发生在…的背景下commodity n. 商品a sizable portion of… 相当大一部分index n. 指数，标志（复数形式是indices）Unit 29double effect 双重效果（一个好的、一个坏的）supreme court 最高法院federal court 联邦法院medicine n. 医疗界，医学界；药品relieve v. 缓解，减轻relief n.relieve somebody of解除…的负担、困难等be relieved of v. 解除，消除;使某人从… 中解脱rule v. 统治，管理；裁定n. 规则；惯例constitutional right 宪法赋予的权力obligation n. 义务oblige v. 逼迫，迫使foresee v. 预见= predict = forecast actor n. 行动者，行为人dose n. 剂量dosage n. 剂量morphine adj. 吗啡（麻醉用药品；毒品）medication n. 药物drug n. 药物，药品；毒品shield v. 保护，防护as long as…只要= so long as…prescribe v. 开药方，开处方homicide n. 杀人（行为）acknowledge v. 承认；鸣谢，致谢desperate adj. 绝望的in despair 绝望prolong v. 延长agony n. 极大的痛苦volume n. 册，卷treatment n. 治疗方式，疗法= remedy undertreatment n. 治疗不足aggressive n. 大胆的bold adj. 大胆的，鲁莽的；（字体）黑体的medical procedure 医疗程序twin adj. 一对儿，两个，同时存在的take steps 采取措施= take measures therapy n. 治疗（方法），疗法billing code 法案hospital based care 住院治疗well-meaning adj. 出发点是好的，善意的translate into 转化为systematic adj. 系统的presumptively adv. 推定的，假定的guilty adj. 有罪的；内疚的innocent adj. 清白的，无辜的；无罪的in effect = in practice 实际上ineffectual adj. 无效的，不成功的ineffective adj. 无效的,(指人)工作效率低的effective adj. 有效的efficient adj. 有效率的efficiency n. 效率inefficient adj. 效率低的time-consuming and inefficient 费时低效Unit 30spy n. 间谍v. 做间谍，刺探（消息）mastery n. 精通，掌握spymaster n. 超级间谍，间谍大王spook n. 密探come to hand 方便的，能利用的= available espionage n. 间谍活动，谍报行为pastime n. 业余消遣，日常活动give birth to 引起，导致，产生point-and-click 点击influential adj. 有影响力contest n. 竞赛compile v. 编撰，收集整理by a large margin 以很大优势tiny adj. 微小的huge adj. 巨大的advantage 优势disadvantage劣势,不利处境make a splash 取得巨大成功，引起轰动private adj. 私人的，私营的based in 总部位于vacuum up 收集= collectfar corners of the world 世界的偏僻角落crisis n. 危机sign-up 登记注册的、签约的客户sign up与…签合同、签约;登记注册(成为会员)sign up for its servicelean staff 数量有限的员工staff n. 全体职员；全体工作人员v. 做… 的工作人员outsider status 旁观者的立场，地位back-and-forthing 躲躲闪闪的言辞agency n. 机构，单位on the chance (that) 以防，以免= lest take pride in 对…感到自豪fan n. 粉丝，支持者，追星族remold v. 重塑= reshaprerestore v. 恢复，从头再来revive v. 复兴revival n.episode n. 插曲，片段unique adj. 独一无二的guarantee n. /v. 保障；担保Unit 31paraphrase v. 解释；引用…的话statesman n. 政治家triumph n. 胜利，成功biomedical research 生物医学研究rule out 取消，废除thereby adv. 因此，因而target n. 目标v. 以…为目标，目标指向adj. 目标的,选定的,特定的= targeted adj.allege v. 断言，宣称allegation n. （没证据的）断言cruelty n. 残忍cruel adj. 残忍的setting n. 环境，背景deliberately adv. 故意地，蓄意地harm v. 伤害，危害= hurt v.humane adj. 人道的inhumane adj. 不人道的grandmotherly woman 上了年纪的妇女booth n. 摊位，展位boss n. 老板brochure n. 小册子fur n. 动物皮毛immune adj. 免于…的,豁免的;免疫的;不受…影响的immunization n. 免疫epidemic n. 流行病vaccine n. 疫苗vaccination n. 接种疫苗assure v. 确信molecular biology 分子生物学shot n. 投篮，射击，射门；注射（=inject）present adj. 现在的，当前的v. 提供，呈现；提交，发表；陈述go unchallenged 继续放任下去（无人质疑）challenge n./v. 挑战；质疑deceptive adj. 欺骗性的deceive v. 欺骗deceptive appearance 欺骗性的外表、外衣institution n.机构research ~s科研机构=scientific ~s = scientific establishments open to tours 向游人开放open adj. 开放的，公开的opening n. 开幕；空缺岗位，职位stakeholder n. 负责人，利益相关者patient n. 患者adj. 忍耐的，有耐心的impatient adj. 不耐烦的recruit v. 招收，招募，招聘（新成员）well-known personality 著名人士uninformed adj. 消息闭塞，知识贫乏的misinformation n. 错误信息，假信息citizenry n. 公民，市民（总称）extinguish v. 消灭precious adj. 珍贵的ember n. 余火，余烬，火种take actions 采取行动= take measures vicious adj. 邪恶的pointless adj. 没有意义的discontent with adj. 不满的= dissatisfied ignorance n. 无知ignorant adj. 无知的,愚昧的indifference n. 冷漠indifferent adj. anxiety n. 焦虑anxious adj.hi-tech means 高科技手段shame n. 羞耻、耻辱的事;可惜、令人惋惜的事feel no shame for 不必为…感到羞耻cure v. 治愈n. 治疗方法，疗法humanist n. 人道主义者practitioner n. 练习者；从业者（犹指医生）practice v. 实践，练习Unit 32combine with 合并，联合combined with…连同…，和…一起= along with = together with= plus heighten v.提高~ed concern高度/极大关注monopoly n. 垄断monopolize v. freight n. 货运，运费major rail carrier 主要铁路运输公司allow for 使…成为可能，允许…存在reduction n. 削减，缩减reduce v. cost reduction 降低成本coordinated service 协调一致的服务coordination n. 协调一致cross-trade adj. 跨行业的cross-trade coordination 跨行业协调shipper n. 托运人,发货人；运输公司的客户captive shippers 受到控制、没有选择的客户bulk n. 大而笨重的the bulk of…大多数，大部分long distance 远距离，长距离chemical n. 化学品grain n. 粮食trucking n. 卡车运输，货车运输have sb. by the throat 卡某人的脖子，扼杀consolidation 巩固，合并charge v. 收费overcharge v. 收费过高time-consuming adj. 耗费时间的，耗时的extreme cases 极端的情况，个别情况in the long run 从长远角度讲，从长远来看option n. 自由选择，任意选择optional adj. 可选择的，非强制的switch to 转向shoulder v. 承担，担负n. 肩膀flourish v. 繁荣，兴旺（反义词：fail）arbiter n. 仲裁人judge n. 法官hit v. 打击，击中；火爆的事物a round of 一轮invest v. 投资surging adj. 不断上升的= soaring traffic n. 网站的点击量；运输流量transaction n. 交易apprehensive adj. 担忧的，担心的，害怕的government board 政府部门，政府机构govern v. 管理governor n. 省长，州长ensure v. 确保fair play 公平竞争= fair competition. Wall Street 华尔街（纽约股票交易所所在地）Unit 33pressing adj. 紧迫、迫切的;令人感到压抑的life expectancy 平均寿命=expectation of lifeclinical depression 临床上的抑郁症（=blues）surgical adj. 外科的surgery n. 外科手术operation n. 手术surgeon n. 外科医生physician n. 医生procedure n. 程序，手续genetically programmed 由基因决定的the third party payer 第三方支付者inability n. 无能为力be willing to 愿意，乐于reluctant adj. 不情愿的，勉强的duty n. 责任，职责get out of the way 让开道路start-up n. 启动living proof 活生生的、生动的证据humble adj. 谦恭的，适当的；低下的noble adj. 高贵的unaffordable adj. 难以负担的flexibly adv. 灵活地extravagantly adv. 浪费的，大方的cautious adj. 谨慎的，小心的through 后面跟时间时，表示某动作贯穿这一事件的始终Unit 34hunt for a job 找工作job-hunting 求职hunt v. 打猎，狩猎；寻找stumble across 无意撞上，偶然遇到attract v. 吸引= lure = tempt distract v. 分散注意力feature n.特点,特色v.(媒体等的)专题,特写key in 键入criteria n. (复数)标准(单数形式:criterion)location n. 地点，位址title n. 标题；头衔；权力entitle v. 使有权利，有资格…subtitle n. 副标题salary n. 薪水wage n. (下层人们的)工资match n. 匹配；比赛matching adj.匹配的~ position相匹配的职位position n. 职位，地位in a position of …处于…位置、地位；能够做notification n. 通知strike gold(找到丰富的消息、财源或幸福源泉等) 发大财，交好运resume n. 简历in-house adj. 内部的，内部办公的counsel n. 建议;咨询/法律顾问v.建议,劝告counseling (对个人、社会及心理问题的)咨询服务expert n. 专家drawback n. 不足，缺点，障碍，不利条件keep abreast of保持与…同步；了解…的最新情况guide v. 引导，指导n. 向导，有指导意义的事物（如书等）tempt v. 吸引，诱惑，引诱= attract = lure sharp increase / decrease 迅速上升/ 下降marketing n. 市场营销gather information 收集信息arm v. 武装swarm n. 一大群v.（into）蜂拥而入negotiate v. 协商，谈判negotiation n.Unit 35condemn v. 谴责，责备make it a crime 规定为非法= make it illegalinsidious adj. 隐伏的，隐藏的；暗中为害的insider n. 业内人士，知道内情的人士form v. 形成，构成n. 形式a form of art 一种艺术形式a lawful form of expression一种合法的表达形式thrive v. 兴隆兴盛，繁荣发展= flourish alphabet n. 字母表alphabetism n. 按字母顺序排序the alphabetically disadvantaged在字母顺序上处于劣势的人们（the disadvantaged弱势群体）surname n. 姓，姓氏= family name have an advantage over 相对于…的优势thumb through 随手翻动directory n. 电话本；人名地址录fairly adv. 非常，相当= prettyfairly reasonable 相当合理evenly adv. 均匀，均衡地；平坦地top people 上层人士，杰出人士，名人predecessor n.前任；(被取代的)原有事物，前身striking adj. 引人注意的，显著的，突出的=noteworthy =pronounced =obvious =apparentG7 （西方）七大工业国国central banker 中央银行的银行家character n. 字符Japanese ~ 日本文字coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧coincident adj.（时间上）同时发生的,巧合的dream up 凭空设想，想象出spare time 业余时间，空闲时间rot n. 腐烂，腐朽，堕落；不好的事情set in 开始，到来infant school 幼儿园seat v. （使）落座，（使）就座short-sighted adj. 近视的junior adj. 年幼的；弱势的get stuck 卡住，固定在…不能动back row 后排rarely adv. 很少，几乎不= hardly = seldom lucky escape 幸运逃脱individual adj. 个人的，单独的humiliate v.让…感到耻辱,（使）蒙羞，羞辱humiliation n. 耻辱graduation ceremony 毕业典礼literally adj.实际上;逐字逐句地,照字面上的have a ZZZ 打鼾，呼噜呼噜的睡着了doze off 打瞌睡list n. 清单，名单v. 列出，列入shortlist n. (颁奖或面试的)最终名单,决选名单interview n. 面试election ballot 选票draw up 草拟，起草draft n./v./adj. 草拟（的），起草（的）recipient n. 接受者plough v. 耕地；努力做事，艰苦前进overlook v. 忽视subtle adj. 细微，难以察觉的inequality n. 不平等= unfairness conspicuous adj. 明显的=obvious =striking ill-treat v. 虐待，不公正对待= abuse n./v. gain v. 得到好处=benefit unintentional adj. 无意之中的intention n. 目的，意图，打算= purpose intend v. 打算，目的在于Unit 36Henry M. Paulson (Henry Paulson) 保尔森现美国财政部长( current US. Secretary of Treasury )Ben Bernanke 伯南克现美联储主席（current US. Federal Reverve Chairman或US. Federal Chief）Alan Greenspan 格林斯潘前美联储主席(former US. Federal Chief ) when it comes to 当谈到…时，当提及…时bite one’s nail 咬指甲（束手无策）scratch one’s head 挠头（不知所措）file v. 磋磨polish v. 上光泽，上油；提升，提高softening economy 疲软的经济do without 没有…也行，凑合，将就middlebrow adj.中产阶级,中挡的;平凡的人department store 百货商场red-hot adj. 炽热的，过热的cool v. 冷却，降温working folks 工薪阶层的人们slowdown n. 放慢，减速dealership n. 交易，经销商outlet n.销售点,商店;发泄(方式),表达(方式)lag v./n. 滞后，徘徊不前temper n. 脾气，性情v. 在乎；缓和method n. 方法= approachoff adv. 打折，下降sound alarm 敲响警钟，拉响警报panic v./n. 恐慌modest adj. 适度的，稍稍的；谦虚的modesty n. 谦虚belt-tightening n. 勒紧腰带hold steady 保持稳定range n. 范围v. 范围是…feed v. 提供，喂养（过去式fed）bonus n. 股息，红利broker n. 经纪人，中间商frenzy n. 狂乱，疯狂crazy adj. 疯狂的real estate 房地产comfortable adj. 自在，惬意silver lining困难中的光明，希望= upside n. 好处，有利的一面mind v. 介意bubble n. 泡沫influence v./n. 影响= affectstock market 股票市场ingredient n. 成分，因素= component diner n. 吃饭的人grow out of one’s bad habit 改掉坏习惯purchasing power 购买力on the horizon在地平线上,，即将来临，就要开始remedy n. 治疗方法，补救措施v. 补救，治疗Unit 37entertainer n. 娱乐界人士entrepreneur n. 企业家enterprise n. 企业scholar n. 学者practical education 实用型教育for the sake of 为了…而counterbalance n. 对…起平衡作用，抵消anything but 仅仅不是…，根本不是…reject v. 拒绝接受，抵制= resist v. vulnerable to…容易受…的(负面)影响exploit v. 开发，开采；剥削exploitation n. 开发，开采；剥削second-rate adj. 第二流的civil adj. 文明的civilization n. 文明power and privilege 权力和特权prize n. 奖，奖赏，奖金，奖品religion n. 宗教religious adj. 宗教的populist n. 大众主义者，平民主义者adj. 大众主义者的，大众的elitism n.精英主义elitist n.精英主义者smell n. 味道v. 有…的气味/味道unnatural adj. 不自然的restraint n. 限制，抑制，遏制，克制restrain v. 抑制constrain v. 限制，约束constraint n. recitation n. 背诵，朗诵recite v.a bellyful of 一肚子的，满腹的exemplify v. 举例证明example n. avoid v. 避免= escapeinnate adj. 天生的, 固有的= inborn adj contemplative adj. 沉思的，出神的，思索的grasp v. 掌握manipulate v.操纵，控制monololy n.垄断adjust v. 调整，调整…以适应examine v. 测试；审查，审视ponder v. 考虑，深思熟虑theorize v.建立理论theory n.理论，说法in the grip of 在… 的掌握之中grip n. 紧握，控制grab v. 抢，抓住joyfully adv. 兴高采烈地，沾沾自喜地militantly adv. 好斗地，霸气十足的地hostile adj. 不友好的，敌视的hostility n. 敌意，抵触eagerness n. 热切希望the least 最不…profound adj.深奥的，知识渊博的；深刻的undervalue v. 不重视… 的价值，轻视suppress v. 压制identical adj. 完全一致的，同一的supportive adj. 支持的oppositive adj. 反对的be second to 低于，不如underline v. 强调，重视Unit 38pleasure n. 快乐pleasant n. 令人愉快的reputation n. 名誉= fameslack v. 懒散，懈怠；经济的不景气，萧条underlying adj. 潜在的；基础的underlying assumption 潜在的臆定/假设grievance n. 难过，伤心= grief grieve v. 感到难过，伤心study n. 研究= inquiry =enquiry suggest v. 表明，显示= reveal =indicate cute adj. 小巧可爱的behavior n. 行为，举止= conduct exchange v. / n. 交换，交流token n. 标志，代币物，象征（物）slice n. 薄片；部分adjoining adj. 毗邻的，隔壁的joint adj. 联合的，连接的，共同的chamber n. 小房间，会议厅luxury n. 奢侈(品)，豪华luxurious adj. 奢侈的，豪华的toss v. 扔，投，抛induce v. 导致，引起；引诱，劝导cooperative adj. 合作的，协作的righteous adj. 正直的，正当的，有道理的indignation n. 义愤，愤慨，气愤indignant adj. 气愤的，愤慨的，愤怒的abundantly adv. 非常地= pretty = fairly ancestor n. 祖先，前辈jealous of 嫉妒be inclined to 容易…，倾向于…instruction n. 指示，指导，教导instructive adj. 有教育意义的temperament n. 性情，气质generous adj. 慷慨，大度的companion n. 同伴company n. 陪伴，伴随；同事；公司accompany v. 陪伴；伴随…同时发生Unit 39antismoking n. 反对吸烟lobby n. 游说（者）nonsense n. 无稽之谈grave n. 坟墓graveyard n. 坟场，墓地aggravate v. 恶化，加重，加剧outcome n. 后果, 结局=consequence 后果awaken v. 唤醒；醒来；使我们意识到wake up 唤醒enlist v. 招募，组织atmosphere n. 大气get moving to do sth. 积极行动起来去做某事judgment n. 判断quarters n. （公司的）总部= headquartersfume n. 烟雾insurance policy 保险单take…seriously 很重视…，认真的对待…press for 催逼，敦促，迫切要求= urge classic adj. 经典，典型的steward n. 管理员，乘务员，监护人preserve v.保持n.独占的范围,专属的领域incentive n. 鼓励，刺激（措施）environmentally sound 环境良好的correlation n. 相互关联insignificant adj. 不重要，不显著的investigation n. 调查hinder v. 阻碍，妨碍extensive adj. 广泛的，大量的aid n./v. 援助，辅助power plants 发电厂latter n./adj. 后者former adj./n. 前者Unit 40component n. 组成成分=ingredientthe least 最不…formulate v. 明确地阐述，规划thermostat adj. 恒温计off-line 不在线，断线，线路中断harness v. 驾御，控制conscious adj. 有意识的，有知觉的unconscious adj. 潜意识的，失去知觉的depressed adj. 压抑的，精神沮丧的generate v. 产生，生成；引起，导致be occupied with 被…占据recur v. 反复出现，发生visualize v. 设想，想象，使…视觉化visual adj. 视觉的uncertain n 不确定的uncertainty n. 不确定（因素）insecurity n. 不安全（感）security n. 稳定安全secure v. 保住，使安全 a. 安全的nightmare n. 噩梦therapist n. 治疗师therapy n. 疗法modify v. 修改susceptible adj. 易受…影响的=vulnerable rid v. / n. 根除，消灭，除去Unit 41no longer 不再…= not any longer=no more=not any morecommand v./n. 命令；掌握，运用gift n. 天赋aspire to do 渴望degradation n. 档次降低degrade v. 退化upgrade v. 升级linguist n. 语言学家controversial adj. 有争议的，引起争议的controversy n. 公开辩论；争议mixed adj. 混合的counter-culture 反传统文化permit n. 许可证，执照v. 允许，许可permissive adj. 容忍，宽容的，许可的permissible adj. 许可的，不禁止的gradual adj. 逐渐的cult n. 狂热地崇拜，迷信authentic adj. 真正的，真实的；可信的performative adj. 表演性质的genre n. （文学、艺术的）文体风格spontaneity n. 自发性，自动spontaneous adj. 自发的，自然的artistic adj. 艺术性的craft n. 技艺，刻意的行为entertaining adj. 令人赏心悦目的，愉快的an array of 许多= arrays ofdocument v. 记录expressive adj. 有表现力的dialect n. 方言convey v. （用图画、文字等）传达，表达chunks of 许多，大量temporary adj. 临时的permanent adj. 长期，永久的Unit 42homogenize v.同化,使同种类gene n.基因uniform adj.全部相同的，一致的n.制服discourse v./n. 谈吐dress and discourse deference n. 尊重，尊敬be absorbed into 全神贯注于…，被…吸引了elegant adj. 优雅的，优美的intimate adj. 亲密的~ shops 精英商店cater to v. 迎合…；适应…的需求knowledgeable adj. 有知识的，博学的elevate v. 提升，提高elevated adj. 高级的，高雅的elevating adj. 有益的，能提升或帮助的poisonous adj. 有毒的，有害的forum n. 论坛，讲坛resistant adj. 抵制的, 抵抗的quake-resistant 防震的assimilation n. 同化（过程）prior to 在…之前，在前的；较早的intermarriage n. 通婚majority n. 多数，半数以上residence n. 居住，居留期间bilingual adj.双语的n. 会说两种语言的人proficient adj. 熟练的，精通的remote adj. 遥远的；疏远的divisive adj. 引起分歧的，导致分裂的seethe v. 躁动，不安turbulent adj. 动荡的，骚乱的disturb v. 打扰deteriorate v. 恶化exert v. 施加（压力、影响等）Unit 43branch n. 分支school n. 流派,学派royal adj. 皇家的，王室的superb adj. 极好的，优秀的play n. 戏剧，剧本townsfolk 城镇居民live off 以…为食，以…为生sight n. 风景penny n. 便士sightseer n. 观光的人playgoer n. 去看戏的人sightseeing n. 观光旅游frankly adv. 直率地，坦诚地cry poor 哭穷council n. 委员会；地方议会subsidy n. 补贴，补助金decorate v. 装饰，装修record n. 纪录occupy v. 占领，占据rocket v. 激增，猛涨= take off= soar lean adj. 瘦瘦的jean n. 牛仔裤detach v. 使分开，使分离attach v. 把…和…联系在一起Unit 44prehistoric adj. 史前的extinct adj. 灭绝的extinction n. 灭绝overfish v. 过度捕捞fishery n. 渔场；渔业biomass n. (单位面积或体积内)事物的数量predator n. 肉食动物vessel n. 大船prey n. 猎物proportion n. 比例saturate v. 充满be saturated with…bait n. 饵，鱼饵hook v. 钓鱼trap v. 诱骗，诱捕n. 圈套，埋伏baseline n. 底线，基点marine n. 海洋的，水生的detect v. 发现，查明，侦测到matter v. 要紧，重要，很有意义maximum n./adj. 最大值（的）yield n. 产量v. 向…屈服、低头crop v. 收获，收割outlive v. 活超…Unit 45weird adj. 古怪的，离奇的= strange = odd suit v. 适合于…skeptical adj. 怀疑的，质疑的misery n. 痛苦，不幸perpetual adj. 永久的，时常发生的massacre n. 大屠杀depict v. 描绘，描写track v. 跟踪，追踪，紧随其后= follow in the wake of 随着…，紧跟在…之后ideology n. 思想意识，思想体系era n. 纪元；时代surround v. 包围exhausted adj. 筋疲力尽的literacy n. 识字in peril 在危险中celebrity n. 名人，名流agenda n. 议事日程bitter adj. 痛苦的illusion n. 错觉，幻觉，假象refresh v. 使恢复，使振作，使焕然一新。
2024考研阅读核心词汇总结(2014英语二Text 1)
2014英语二Text 1What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an21. According to Dunn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A] A big house.[B] A special tour.[C] A stylish car.[D] A rich meal.22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is ________.[A] critical [B] supportive [C] sympathetic [D] ambiguous3323. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that ________.[A] consumers are sometimes irrational34[B] popularity35 usually comes after quality[C] marketing tricks are often effective[D] rarity36 generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money ________.[A] has left much room f or readers’ criticism[B] may prove to be a worthwhile37 purchase[C] has predicted a wider income gap in the US[D] may give its readers a sense of achievement3825. This text mainly discusses how to ________.[A] balance feeling good and spending money[B] spend large sums of money39 won in lotteries[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D] become more reasonable40 in spending on luxuries【干货笔记】1. emerge v. 出现；浮现emergence n. 出现；浮现2. undivided lottery jackpot 彩票头奖3. fortune n. 财富；命运；运气4. yield v. 屈服；生产；获利n. 投资收益；生产量yield lasting feelings of fulfillment 产生持久的满足感5. do worse than … 不妨试试…6. academic adj. 学术的; 理论的; 学院的n. 学者; 大学生, 大学教师7. an array of … 一组…8. rewarding adj. 有回报的；有益的；值得的9. counterintuitive adj. 违反直觉的intuitively adv. 直觉地；直观地10. ① visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes 幻想着豪华的汽车和奢华的房子② fancy n. 想象力fanciful adj. 幻想的；奇异的③ myth n. 神话mythical adj. 神话(式)的；幻想出来的④ extravagant adj. 奢侈的，奢华的11. satisfy v. 满足，使满意be satisfied with … 对...满意（= be content with …）satisfaction n. 满意; 满意度job satisfaction 工作满意度12. material purchases 物质购买13. wear off 磨损14. creep in 悄然而至15. this slim volume 这本薄薄的书【数量】①number n. 数量② amount n. 数量③quantity n. 数量④volume n. 量，总量；音量；体积；容量；(书的)卷，册16. be packed with 挤满17. tip n. 小费；尖端；小建议，小窍门18. slave n. 奴隶19. shorten their commutes to work 缩短他们上下班的路程commute n. 通勤20. whopping adj. 巨大的21. luxury n. 奢侈，豪华；奢侈品22. sparingly adv. 节俭地；保守地23. restricts the availability of its popular McRib 限制了其广受欢迎的烤汁猪扒堡的供应24. a marketing trick 种营销技巧25. an object of obsession 迷恋的对象26. privileged adj. 享有特权的; 特许的27. fulfillment n. 满足；完成；履行28.【缺乏，稀少，稀缺】①scarcity n. 不足，缺乏；稀少，稀缺性②rare adj. 稀有的，罕见的③ be short of…缺少…，缺乏…④lack of… 缺少…，缺乏…29. enhance v. 改善，提高，增加30.【授权】①mandate v. 授权；命令② be authorized to 授权③ empower v. 授权，准许；使能够④be entitled to…有权…；有资格…31. reducing tax incentive 减税的刺激32. homebuyer 购房者33. critical adj. 批判的，爱挑剔的；至关重要的supportive adj. 支持的sympathetic adj. 同情的ambiguous adj. 模糊不清的34.【理性vs感性】① rational adj. 合理的；理性的irrational adj. 不合理的；无理性的rational irrationality 理性胡闹② reasonable adj. 理性的，合理的③ emotional adj. 感情的, 情感的, 情绪的emotional and right-brained 情绪化，右脑的（感性的）35. popularity n. 普及，流行36. rarity n. 稀有；珍品；稀薄37. worthwhile adj. 值得做的，值得花时间的38. sense of achievement 成就感39. spend large sums of money 花了很多钱40. reasonable adj. 理性的；合理的( = rational )。
2014考研英语词汇统计（2）
这篇关于2014考研英语词汇统计（2），是特地为⼤家整理的，希望对⼤家有所帮助！artificial ⼈⼯的，⼈造的，⼈为的 artificial price controls ascend 登⾼，（渐渐）上升，升⾼ The airplane ascended into the cloud. ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead. ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid. ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore. aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass. assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort. assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断⾔ He asserted his innocence. assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the economy assign 分配，布置（作业） The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson. assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas. associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution. assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable. assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证 assurance 保证，把握，信⼼ He gave me his assurance that he would help. astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance. attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding attendance 出席，参加，出席⼈数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专⼼的 an attentive audience attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us? average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. avert 挡开，防⽌，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy. awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep bang （突发的） sudden loud bang bare ⾚*的，光秃的，空⽆内容的 walk in bare feet beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举⽌端正，听话 Do behave. bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy. bias 偏见，偏⼼ have a bias against sb.(或sth.) blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray. blast ⼀阵（风），⼀股（⽓流） a blast of wind blaze ⽕焰 The fire sprang into a blaze. blunt 钝的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive. blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红 blush with(或for) joy boast ⾃吹⾃擂，⾃夸的话 He is full of boasts. bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts boom 低沉有回响的声⾳ The great bell tolled with a deep boom. border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly. boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures brace 托架，⽀架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight. breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly. bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb. brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday brisk 轻快的，⽣⽓勃勃的 a brisk pace brittle 易碎的，⼀碰就破的 brittle glass brush 刷⼦，⽑刷 a laundry brush bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark. burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst. calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment. cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme casual 偶然的，⽆计划的，随便的，⾮正式的 a casual meeting cease 停⽌，终⽌，结束 The music ceased suddenly. character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character. charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for students. charm 魅⼒，魔⼒ This thriving resort town has retained its village charm. chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last. check 使突然停⽌，制⽌ check one’s steps cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.。
2014考研英语写作必背范文及模板(二)
2014考研英语写作必背范文及模板（二）导读：本文2014考研英语写作必背范文及模板（二），仅供参考，如果能帮助到您，欢迎点评和分享。
2014考研钟声已然敲响，英语的复习是一个从基础不断提升的过程，考研英语的复习要有针对性的高效率复习，制定一个详细有效的复习计划，作文是成功的关键，为您作文写作提供良好的素材和技巧，希望最您有所帮助。
1. 写作攻略提纲式作文中，为考生提供了题目和一个简单的写作提纲，从而将考生的写作控制在一定范围内。
这类作文只要考查的内容一般包括：说明主题、分析原因或解释做法。
作文题目中会提供：(1)标题;(2)提纲;(3)起始句。
标题限定短文的基本发展方向，提纲规定短文的基本框架，起始句则提供短文的起点。
考生应紧扣题目主题，并根据提纲提示的思路和要点展开段落。
由于提供的写作提纲一般也为三段，所以考生也可以按照三段式作文将简单的提纲展为主题句，再按照主题句作文的写作方法将文章写成。
写提纲作文时的具体步骤：(1)认真研究所给提纲考生要仔细领会提纲的含义，不能遗漏提纲要点，更不能错误理解提纲的意思。
(2)确定各段的主题句考生应根据所给提纲写出各段的主题句，合格的主题句应具备以下要点：☆ 意义完整主题句结构要完整，即结构符合语法规则;意义要完整，即主题句是一个符合逻辑的完整句子。
☆ 表意清晰主题句要清晰明确，不能使用意思含混的词语或句子。
☆ 内容具体主题句的内容要明确具体，利于段落的展开。
☆ 用词贴切主题句一定要用词准确，简明达意，为段落的拓展打好基础。
(3)逐步展开段落段落写作应围绕自己列好的主题句进行，在写作过程中可稍加调整。
(4)检查与修改检查考题所给提纲是否完整且准确地被表达于文章之中，如有偏差，应做出相应的修改。
2. 必背模版句型It is often said that...我们经常这么说……It goes without saying that...毫无疑问……It can be easily proved that...……很容易被证明。
考研英语真题单词-2014(英一)
2014（一）完形 - 记忆⼒力力锻炼 Part1 单词1、occurrence n.发⽣生的事2、innocent a.⽆无害的innocence n.⽆无辜3、recover v.恢复4、only 可表转折5、uneven a.不不平坦的；不不平均的，不不⼀一致的6、wellbeing n.福祉，幸福7、roundabout n.交通环岛；迂回8、genre n.种类9、simultaneously ad.同时地10、sharpness n.敏敏锐度11、ideal a.理理想idle a.闲散的；⽆无⽤用的Part2 短语1、it turns out that ... 事实证明是...⼈人+ figure outpoint outfind out2、work out - workouts 锻炼3、feature in ... 是...的特⾊色；起...重要作⽤用4、apart from 除了了...以外5、take sth. a step further 采取更更进⼀一步的⾏行行动6、carry on（conversation / business）继续做；进⾏行行、举⾏行行、经营put on 穿上；增加(体重)；演出(戏剧)；装作build up 将...继续推进take on 呈现，承担Text 1 - 福利利新政Part1 单词1、brutal a.残忍的2、exchequer n.英国财政部3、upfront a.预先的，预付的4、eligible a.有资格的5、claimant n.申请⼈人6、apparent 似乎7、purpose n.⽬目标8、uneasy a.不不安的insulted a.受辱的9、principle n.强制的10、falsehood n.虚伪11、ever-tougher a.⽇日益严厉的12、consent n.许可Part2 短语1、the Chancellor 财政⼤大⾂臣2、only if ... 必要条件，只有...才if only ... 只要...就3、be eligible for 有资格的；符合...条件的4、benefit claimant 救济⾦金金申请⼈人5、look to sth. 指望6、sign on 登记失业，领取救济⾦金金7、skip down 蹦蹦跳跳8、be excluded from 被排除在外9、delighted at the prospect of ... 因...的憧憬⽽而兴奋10、as though 好像11、conditional on 以...为条件12、the very + n. 本身正是有⼒力力说明Text 2 - 美国律律师 Part1 单词1、guide n.协会2、pile v.蜂拥3、nuisance n.妨碍公共利利益的⾏行行为4、filer n.诉讼律律师5、tort n.⺠民事侵权⾏行行为torture v.折磨6、fearsomely ad.⾮非常可怕的7、stern a.严格的8、rigid a.死板的radical a.根本的；基本的；激进的9、liberalize v.使⾃自由化Part2 短语1、pile into 涌⼊入2、nuisance-lawsuit filer 妨害案件诉讼律律师3、on top of ... 除...之外；紧接着，熟练掌握4、the bar exam 律律师资格考试5、sit（for）+考试sit：[僻]参加考试Text 3 - 科学新奖 Part1 单词1、lucrative a.利利润丰厚的，赚⼤大钱的2、upstart a.暴暴富的3、lone a.独⾃自的4、cement v.加强5、nature n.性质6、distribute v.分散7、row n.争议8、boson n.玻⾊色⼦子9、endure v.忍受endurance n.持久10、mechanism n.机制11、omit v.省略略12、scattered a.分散的13、outgrow v.⻓长得太⼤大不不适⽤用Part2 短语1、a handful of ⼏几个，少数2、status quo 现状3、What’s not to like ？⼝口语，⾮非常招⼈人喜欢4、take a ... view of sth. 以...眼光看5、when it comes to 当提及...时6、as much as 句句⾸首，表示让步7、do sth. as one please 随某⼈人的意做事Text 4 - ⾮非⼈人⽂文教育Part1 单词1、affirm v.肯定2、humanities n.⼈人⽂文学科(如⽂文学、语⾔言、历史、哲学等)3、democracy n.⺠民主;⺠民主政治;⺠民主制度4、liberal a.⾃自由主义的(政治上⽀支持个⼈人⾃自由、⾃自由贸易易和适度的政治和社会改⾰革);⽂文科教的5、address v.提出;提交(⼝口头或书⾯面的报告)以引起......的注意6、congressional a.(美国)国会的7、foundation n.(⽤用基⾦金金建⽴立的)机构(如学院或医院)8、benefactor n.施惠者;捐助⼈人9、excellence n.优秀;卓越;杰出10、scholarship n.学术研究;学术成就; 学问11、prominent a.杰出的;卓越的12、informed a.有学识的;有知识的13、citizenry n.公⺠民:市⺠民14、literacy n.读写能⼒力力15、craft n.精⼼心制作16、coherentadj a.(指看法、思想、⾔言语、推理理等)有条理理的17、curriculum n.(全部的)课程18、advocate v.拥护;提倡;⽀支持19、illiberal a.缺乏⽂文化素养的;粗鄙的20、inquiry v.询问;疑问21、publicize v.引起公众对(某物)的注意;宣传22、progressive v.崇尚(推进)变⾰革(或⾰革新)的23、left-liberal a.左倾⾃自由主义的24、propaganda n.(尤指偏狭误导的) 宣传;谣⾔言25、routinely ad.例例⾏行行公事地;惯例例地; 惯常地26、portray v.描述;描写27、legitimate a.正当的;合理理的28、intellectual a.要动脑的;智⼒力力的29、enthusiasm n.热情;热忱30、obscure v.使......不不分明;遮掩31、illuminate v.阐明;澄清Part2 短语1、top tier 顶层;⾼高层2、call for 呼吁;要求3、bring to bear 运⽤用;应⽤用4、be deprived of 缺乏......5、set back 阻碍;妨碍6、more harm than good 弊⼤大于利利7、international affairs 国际事务新题型 - 国际世界历史计划 Part1 单词1、archaeological a.考古学的2、hominid n.原始⼈人类3、literally ad.按照字⾯面意义地4、artifact n.⼈人⼯工制品5、map v.在地图上标示；绘制…的图6、ornate a.华丽的7、vast a.⼴广阔的8、ceremonial a.仪式的9、excavation n.挖掘10、beneath prep.在…下⽅方；在…底下11、tomb n.坟墓12、sift v.筛13、rubble n.碎⽯石14、comb v.梳理理15、antique a.古⽼老老的16、eventually ad.最后17、pinpoint v.精确地对准…的位置；准确地确定…的位置18、pottery n.陶器器19、magnetic a.有吸引⼒力力的Part2 短语1、come to light 重⻅见天⽇日2、make test excavations on 在...上进⾏行行测试挖掘3、beneath the ground 地下4、set out to 出发去翻译 - ⻉贝多芬与勇⽓气的品格 Part1 单词1、metaphysical a.形⽽而上学的2、exclusively ad.唯⼀一地3、physical a.物理理的4、articulate v.流利利连贯地表达5、hitherto ad.迄今为⽌止6、restrain v.抑制7、dynamic n.动⼒力力8、political a.政治的9、imperative a.必要的10、plague v.折磨Part2 短语1、in any case ⽆无论如何2、by all accounts 据⼤大家所说3、let alone 更更不不⽤用说⼩小作⽂文 - 建议信范文Dear PresidentI am a senior from this university majoring in Physical Education and today, I am writing for the purpose of suggesting how to improve students' physical condition.Compared with before, a host of students spend more time on computers, cell phones or Pads, but their time for physical exercise get less. Thus, it is advisable for our university to adopt measures to reverse this trend. Firstly, Students' Union should hold beneficial activities to advocate and encourage youngsters to participate in physical exercises. Secondly, it is of vital necessity for our university to upgrade its athletic facilities for students' convenience.We are much grateful for the wholesome atmosphere of study provided by our university and I am convinced that with these measures, students physical condition will get better.Yours sincerelyLi Ming译：亲爱的校⻓长我是这所⼤大学体育专业的⼤大四学⽣生，今天，我写作的⽬目的是建议如何改善学⽣生的身体状况。
2014考研英语作文高分词汇
2014考研英语作文高分词汇1、经济类词汇：economic globalization（经济全球化）， sustainable development （可持续发展），unfair competition（不正当竞争），crack down on fake commodities （打假）， boom（繁荣）， fierce competition（激烈竞争）， credit crisis（信用危机）， stabilize prices （稳定物价）2、文化类词汇：great and profound （博大精深的），integration and interaction （融合交汇），crash（碰撞），charming（极具魅力的），splendid（壮丽辉煌的），English fever（英语热）3、环保类词汇：environment－ friendly（生态型的，环保的），threat of global warming（全球变暖的威胁）， promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth（促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变），curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control（治理环境污染），develop renewable resources （开发可再生资源），a low－carbon economy （低碳经济）4、科技类词汇：science and technology（科学技术），web－addiction（沉迷网络），computer crime（电脑犯罪）， e－commerce（电子商务）， virtual life （虚拟生活），information era（信息时代），cyber romance（网恋），surf the Internet（网上冲浪）5、教育类词汇：cultivate（培养），further one’s study （深造），quality education（素质教育），foster abilities（培养能力），relieve the burden on students（减轻学生负担），be occupied with so much schoolwork（忙于功课）place emphasis on（以…为重心），comprehensive （全面的，广泛的），practical capability（实际能力），duck－stuffing （填鸭式）6、社会话题类词汇：enlightening（富有启发的），cause alarm and attention（引起了警惕和重视），set good example for（为…树立榜样），dedicate（做贡献），take action （采取行动），ensure implementing activities（确保执行）， vulnerable（易诱惑的，易受影响的），be supposed to（应该）。
2014考研英语(二)：作文写作真题解析及范文
2014考研英语（二）：作文写作真题解析及范文Part ADirections: Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student, write him an email to tell him about your living habits, and ask for advice about living there.You should include the details you think necessary. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write theaddress. (10 points)范文：Dear John,As a student from China who will share an apartment with you in the new semester, I am writing to tell you something about my living habits so that we will have a more harmonious living atmosphere.First of all, I have developed a habit of early to bed and early t o rise and I don’t like stayingup late. Besides, I hope our room is clean and tidy, which enables us to be in a good mood. Lastly, I don’t want strangers to visit our dorm frequently because it will bring us much inconvenience. By the way, I am wondering whether you can tell me something about the campus life in your university and how I can adapt to the campus life as soon as possible.I am looking forward to your reply.Sincerely Yours,Li MingPart B 图表作文Directions: Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments 。
考研复习2014年考研英语大纲规定词汇集锦
考研复习2014年考研英语大纲规定词汇集锦act=to do , to drive,表示“行动，做”act 行为acting 演技activity 活动(act+ivity 状态→活动状态)activate 使…活动，起动(act+ivate 使…→使…活动)actualize 实现(actual 实际的+ize 化→实际化→实现)enact 实施，颁布(en+act→使〔法律〕动→实施法律)exact 强求;精确的(ex 出+act→[要求]做出来→强求)exacting 苛求的(exact+ing)interact 相互作用(inter 相互+act→相互动→相互作用)react 反应;反抗(re 反+act→反动;反应)transact 做交易;办理(trans 横+act→横向动→互相贸易或交易) counteract 抵抗;抵消(counter 反+act→反着动→力量对抗→抵消)inactivity 不活跃(in 不+activity 活跃)ag=do, act, 表示“做，代理做”agenda 议事日程(ag+enda 表示复数→做的事情→议程)agile 灵活的，敏捷的(ag+ile 能…的→能做的→灵活的)agitate 鼓动;搅动(ag+itate 表动作→反复作→鼓动)agitation 鼓动，煽动(agitate+ion)agitator 鼓动者(agitate+or 人→鼓动的人)agitating 使人不安的(agitate+ing)agent 作用因素;代理人(ag+ent 表人或物→做的人→代理人)agency 代理处(ag+ency 表示机构或状态→代理机构)coagent 合作者(co 共同+agent→共同做的人)counteragent 反作用剂;反抗力(counter+agent 作用因素→反作用→反抗力)reagent 反应力;试剂(re 再+agent 作用→再次作用→反应，引申为化学试剂)2alter, altern, ali=other, to change, 表示“其他的，改变状态”alter 变更，改变(alter 其他的→变成〔其它的〕)alterable 可改变的(alter+able 能…的)alteration 改造，改变(alter+ation 表名词)alternation 交互，交错(alternate+ion)alternative 二者择一(的)(来自alternate 交替，交替选择的方法) alien 外国的，外来的(ali+en 表形容词或名词→其他地方的→外国的，外国人的)alienate 疏远(alien 外国的+ate→把别人当外国人→疏远)am, amor, amat=love,表示“爱，情爱”amatory 恋爱的;色情的(amat+ory→爱的 )amiable 和蔼的，友善的(ami+able 能…的→能〔被〕爱的→亲切的)amicable 友好的，温和的(am+ic+able→能爱〔你〕的→友好的) amity 友好，和睦(am+ity 状态→爱的状态→和睦)enmity 敌意，仇恨(en 进入+am+ity→合成enmity,爱太多的，成为恨)anim=life,spirit, 表示“生命，精神”等aniaml 动物(anim+al→有生命的东西→动物)animate 使有生气，活泼(anim+ate→使有生命)animation 生动;动画(animate 的名词)inanimate 无生命的(in 无+anim+ate 生命)magnanimous 心胸博大的(magn 大+anim 生命+ous→大生命→心胸博大)unanimous 意见一致的(un+anim 生命+ous→[大家]同一个生命→一致的)equanimity 平静;沉着(equ 平等+anim 生命+ity→生命平等→平静)animosity 憎恨，憎恶(anim+osity 多的状态→生命太多→由爱变恨→仇恨)ann, enn=year,表示“年，一年”annual 一年一度的(ann+ual)anniversary 周年纪念(anni+vers 转+ary→一年转到一次→周年纪念日)annuity 年金;养老金(annu+ity 每年的东西→年金)perennial 终年的;长期的(per 始终+ennial 年的→终年的)anthrop=man,human,表示“人，人类”anthropology 人类学(anthrop+ology 学科)philanthropist 博爱主义者(phil 爱+anthrop 人+ist→爱人的家→博爱家)opt,ept=fit, ability,表示“适应，能力”apt 有倾向的，适当的aptitude 适应能力;才能(apt+itude 表示状态→有能力的状态)aptly 适当地(apt+ly)adapt 使适应，适应(环境)(ad 一再+apt→一再适应〔环境〕)adaptable 有适应能力的(adapt 适应+able 能…的)adaptation 适应，(书)改写本(adapt+ation→适应→适应〔各种人〕的书→改写本)3inapt 不适当的;无能的(in 无+apt 能力)adept 熟练的，老练的(ad+ept→有能力→熟练的)arch, archy=ruler, rule, chief, 表示“统治者，统治，主要的”anarchy 无政府状态(an 无+archy)anarchic 无政府主义的(anarchy+ic)anarchism 无政府主义的(an 无+arch+ism 主义)partiarch 家长;族长(parti 父亲+arch→父亲统治→家长)archives 档案(arch+ives 表示东西→统治的东西→统治者的文件→档案)architect 建筑师(archi+tect 做→统治〔造房〕的人→建筑师)architecture 建筑学art=skill, joint, trick, 表示“技巧，关节，诡计”article 物品;文章(art+icle 东西→用技巧做出的东西→物品)artful 巧妙的;狡猾的(art+ful→充满诡计的)artistry 艺术技巧(artist+ry 表名词)artificial 人工的;矫揉造作的(artifice 技巧+ial→用技巧做出的→人工的)artisan 工匠，技工(artu+san 人→技巧之人→工匠)artifact 工艺品(arti+fact 做出的东西，事实→人造物→工艺品) astro,aster=star,表示“星星”astrononmy 天文学(astro+nomy 学科→研究星星的学科)astrospace 宇宙空间(astro+space 空间)astronaut 宇航员(astro+naut 航行员)astrophysics 天体物理学(astro+physics 物理学)astral 星的，星状的(astr+al)disaster 灾难，灾祸(dis 坏+ester 星→星位不正，表示有灾难) disastrous 灾难的(dis+astr+ous)audi,audit=hear,表示“听”audience 听众;观众(audi+ence 表名词→听的人→听众)auditorium 礼堂;讲堂(audit+orium 场所→听的场所)audible 听得见的;可听的(audi+ible 能…的)inaudible 听不见的(in 不+audi+ible)bas,base=low, foundation,表示“低下，基础”base 低下的;基础basement 地下室(base+ment 表名词)baseball 垒球(base+ball 球→建立基础打球→垒球)baseborn 出生低微的(base+born 出生)abase 降低;贬低(自己)(a 使+base 低→使自己低→降低)debase 降低debased 贬低的;品质恶劣的(debase 降低+ed) subbase 基层;基地(sub 下+base→地基下的地基)。
2014商志3147[最新版]_历年考研英语核心词汇必备
![2014商志3147[最新版]_历年考研英语核心词汇必备](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/28f0ab14a8114431b80dd80f.png)
2014全国硕士研究生入学考试英语核心词汇必备编讲商志主讲介绍：★“考研路上最不可错过的一位英语老师”★考研英语辅导史上划时代的人物，考研英语辅导高分神话的缔造者★中国单词第一人，传奇考研英语写作创始人，启航考研英语首席主讲★直取本质，彻底破解，主讲的考研英语词汇班、写作班、强化班、全程班等创造了多项他人无法打破的记录内部资料翻印必究注意：1.本资料为考研英语3147个核心词汇系列资料部分。
2.本资料为传奇考研名师------ 商志老师教学团队版权所有。
Unit One vote v. /n. 投票 debate v. /n. 辩论，争论authority n. 政府；权威专家，权威（人士）occupation authorities 占领当局 be authorized to do 得到授权be entitled to (do) sth. 被赋予做…的权利，有做…的权利 incurably ill patients晚期患者terminally ill 晚期的，终期的 convince v. 坚信，相信；令人信服word n. 消息flash v./n. 闪现，，闪动，出现 executive a.执行的 n.执行官 chief executive 首席执行官 the right to … （有）做…的权利 have rights doing sth. 有权做某事 society n. 协会，社团academic ~ 学术社团specific society 具体的、特定的社团 community n. …界, 团体；社会，社区 legal community 法律界 scientific community 科学界 religious community 宗教团体health research community 医疗研究团体 via prep. 经由，通过 post v. 张贴，发布；（在网上）发帖 bulletin n. 公告，报告import n. 重要性，重要意义；进口 implications n. 含义，意义；暗示，启示 imply v. 暗示，推论出；蕴含着… implicit a. 不言明(含蓄)的explicit a. 表达明确地，明白的 sink in 被了解 alike adj. 类似的，同类的 deal with 安排，处理，思考breathe sighs of relief 轻松地出了一口气 association n. 协会associate… with… 把…和…联系起来bitterly adv. 尖酸刻薄地，厉害地 bill n. 法案，法律；账单passage n. 通过；经过；道路，通道 tide n. 潮流，趋势likely adj/adv. 很有可能，可能的= possible be likely to 常常，很有可能 unlikely adj. 不可能 = impossible aging population 老龄化的人口 extend v. 延长，延伸，推广life-extending technology 延长寿命的技术 extended family 三代以上同堂的家庭模式 be extended indefinitely 无限期延长 get on with 继续做have something to do with … 与…有关 have much to do with 与…很有关系 observer n. 观察者，旁观者 observe v. 观察，注意；评论 observation 观察（报告）,观察（结论）;评论make observations 做评论domino （es ） 多米诺效应（~ effect ） request v. 请求，要求 deadly adj. 致命的 dreadful adj. 可怕的；极大的 inject v. 注射，注入 pill n. 药丸suffering n. 痛苦，受罪 suffer v. 遭受 diagnose v. 诊断 cool off 平静下来，变凉certificate n. 证明（书、证等） haunting a.常浮现于脑海中的，不易忘怀的terrifying a. 可怕的，令人害怕的spiritual a. 精神上的fight for 努力…，为…而努力claw v. 抓（scratch）mask n. 面具object to 反对objection to objectionable 引起反对的，讨厌的objective adj. 客观的objectivity n. 客观性impartial adj. 公正，客观share the same view on 对…持相同观点be responsible for 对…负责（表示原因）significance n. 重要性，意义calm a . 平静的，镇静的intense a.强烈的，剧烈的（~ fear 非常担心）characteristic n.（~s）特点，特色a. 特有的be characteristic of 特点是= be typical of be characterized by 特点是，以…为特点experience v./n.经历（= undergo=go through）shared experience 共同的经历、经验perish v. 死亡，变腐败in peril 处在危险中approve v. 赞同（approval）disapproval n.反对indifferent a.漠不关心的,冷漠的（indifference）carefree adj. 不关心的，冷漠的suspect v. 怀疑，不信suspicion n. 怀疑，猜疑，不信be suspicious of 表示怀疑subjective adj. 主观的biased adj. 有偏见的（= prejudiced）prejudice n./v. （持有）偏见= bias puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzle v. 困惑word ~ 填字游戏puzzlement n.困惑,不明白的地方=confusionconfused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人不解的confuse v. 茫然，困惑；混淆confusion n. 困惑，混淆optimistic adj. 乐观的optimism n. 乐观（精神）pessimistic adj. 悲观的pessimism n. 悲观（精神）reserve v. 预留，保留；储备（金）reserved adj. 有保留的reserve space 保留位置，空间consent v. 同意slight adj. 轻微的enthusiastic adj.热情的enthusiast n. 热衷者，狂热分子gloomy adj. 前途暗淡的gloom n. 昏暗；暗淡doom n. 末日，宿命gloom and ~ 悲伤沮丧scary adj.令人害怕的,可怕的scar n. 伤疤scared adj. 感到害怕的Unit Twoconsistent a. 一直的，一贯的，始终如一的courteous a. 谦恭有礼的court n. 法庭，法院，足球场frequently adv. 经常，频繁地（反义词rarely）small-minded a. 小心眼儿的ill-mannered a. 态度恶劣的，粗鲁的deserve v. 应该有，应该受到；值得comment on （做）评论otherwise adv./adj. 原本，本来dull a. 无趣的，无聊的（dullness）existence n. 存在；生存状态, 生活（life）typically ad. 通常，一般地（= generally）distant a. 远的，距离远的source n. 来源，本源；根源，原因=origin diversion n. 娱乐；转移diverse adj. 不同的，多种多样的diversity n. 多样化program n. 项目；程序= projectharsh a. 残酷的；严厉、苛刻的（harshness）harsh realities残酷现实frontier n. 边境，前方shape v. 塑造，形成；外形，体形reshape v. 重塑hospitality n. 友好，好客（~ to sb.）injure v. 伤害（injury）turn to 诉诸，求助于，寻求…的帮助= resort tolodge n. 乡间小屋，旅社v. 借宿，临时住cabin n. 小屋settlement n. 住所shelter n. 藏身处，避难处v. 保护，庇护residence n. 住处，住宅；居住dwelling n. 住所，处所dwell v. 住，居住mere（ly）adj./adv. 仅仅，不过，只（= only）charitable a. 仁慈的，慈善的impulse n. 冲动；推动，动力on the part of…从…的角度（on my part在我看来）reflect v. 反映，表现（= mirror）；反省，反思（~ on）reflection n.weary a.疲倦的，筋疲力尽的（=exhausted）tourist trails 旅游线路pretty ad.相当地（~ soon非常一小会儿）pretty = fairly = ratherproper a.适当正确的，完全彻底的（properly）casual a. 不经意的，偶然的，临时的casualness n. 随便，随意，非正式interpret v. 阐释，说明interpret as 理解为，解释为artificial a. 假的，人造的；矫揉造作的historically developed历史形成(发展而来)的developed society 发达国家emerging countries 新兴国家As is true of…正如…一样complex a.复杂的,综合的n. 大型建筑（群）complicated a. 结构复杂的a set of 一整套的signal n. 信号sign n. 迹象，征兆；符号assume v.（没有根据地）认为，假定；承担assumption n. 假设，假定，设想，认为not necessarily 未必underlie v.形成了，构成了(…的基础)；强调fail v. 失败fail to 不能，未能translate v. 转化；理解more than 不仅仅是，远远胜过brief a.短暂的，简短的in brief 简而言之brief n. 概要，简短情况介绍encounter v./n. 相遇，遇到distinguish between 区分，区别value…highly 非常珍视be interralated 相互联系exercise v.行使,使产生~ an influence over…manifest v. 体现，显现（~ oneself）~ation manifesto n. 宣言，声明exclusive adj.独一的（exclusive use单独使用）equal v. 等于，相当于entertain v. 招待，款待(=treat)；使娱乐out of 出于…out of charitable impulse出于慈善的冲动flavor n. 风味keep up 维持，持续（传统，习惯等）keep up with 跟上，追上keep doing 一直，持续做某事Unit Threesubstance n. 物质other than 除了（…之外）rather than 而不是technically a. 技术上，学术上technical progress 技术进步professional progress 职业发展alter v. 改变mental a. 精神的drug n. 药品term n. 术语，专用名词v. 把…叫做/称为human term 普通人可以理解的说法refer to 指…，指的是；谈到，提及chemical n. 化学药品，化学制品addict n. 沉迷…的人v.（~ to）沉迷于addiction n. （to）上瘾，沉迷familiar a . 熟悉的alcohol 白酒，酒精tobacco n. 烟草neutral a. 中性的psychologist n. 心理医生，心理学家psychoactive作用于精神的,影响(改变)心理状态的abuse v./n 滥用;虐待patient abuse虐待病人make clear 解释，说明misuse v. 误用，用错；使用…不当heroin n. 海洛因cocaine n. 可卡因pervasive a. 广泛的（= widespread）aspirin n. 阿司匹林quiet v. 使安静；平息下来sociable a. 社交的，增进友谊的nerve n. 神经；勇气，胆量apparent a. 显然的，明显的= obvious apparently adv. 显然，明显地constructive a. 建设性的negative effects a. 副作用，消极作用impact n.深刻影响,冲击have significant ~ onpoison v 中毒，投毒(~ous 有毒的) perceptual v. 知觉的，感觉的perception n. 知觉，感觉perceive v. 观察，感知distort v. 扭曲，歪曲（~ion）repeated use 反复使用，再三使用repeated adj. 再三的，反复的，重复性的lead to 导致，造成（= result in =cause）substance dependence 物质（药物）依赖be dependent on /upon 依赖于independent a. 独立的be ~ of不受…的限制independence n. 独立be marked by 以…为明显特征tolerance n. 容忍，承受（tolerate v. ）be tolerant of 容忍tolerate v. 忍受，容忍desire n./v.期望,希望~ed effect预期的效果appearance n. 表现；外表unpleasant n.令人不愉快的pleasure n.快乐withdraw v.撤销，撤退，收回（withdrawal n.）symptom n. 症状discontinue v. 停止，废止，放弃affect v. 影响effect n. 影响；效果mood n. 情绪，心情group v. 归类，分类= classifystimulate v.刺激(stimulant n.使人兴奋的物质)depress v. 使压抑，使消沉，使沮丧depressant n. 使人镇静、情绪压抑的物质illusion v.错觉（hallucination n.幻觉，幻想）hallucinogens n. 迷幻剂initially adv. 最初，起初（=originally）；第一，首先（= primarily）speed up 加速（slow down 减速，放缓）activate v. 刺激，使活跃起来primary a.初步的，首要的;主要的，重要的primarily adv. 主要的（=predominantly）首先，第一（=firstly=initially）primacy n. 首要地位，优势= predominance variety n.多样性,各种各样a ~ of各种各样的radical a. 根本的，彻底的，激进的radical change/reform 彻底的改革/变革state of consciousness 意识状态conscious a. 有意识的，有知觉的be preferable to比…更让人喜爱，更可取,更好preference n. 优先权，优惠preferential adj. 优惠的,优先的~ policies in that 之所以这样是因为（解释原因）fatal a. 致命的，毁灭性的overwhelming a. 压倒性的，无法抵抗的piercing a. 刺穿的，深刻的，感人的pierce v. 刺穿，刺透，刺fierce 激烈的result from 由…而产生，来源于；原因是… = arise from = stem from…be attributed to 归因于，归功于attribute… to…把…的原因归为blame 归咎于, 责备owe… to …原因在于，原因是= due to consumption n. 消费,消费量(consume v.) production and consumption 生产与消费pattern n.模式,形式,方式standard ~ 标准模式purpose n.目的（= intention）quantitative a. 定量的，按一定数量的application （to）n. 应用，使用technological application 科学技术的运用apply v. （to）应用，适用于employ v. 使用；雇佣employer n. 用人单位；老板employment n. 使用；职位part time employment 兼职工作full time employment 全职工作disease n. 疾病positive a. 积极的（nagative a. 消极的）positive forces积极力量=driving forces推动力Unit Fourcontribute to 导致，促成；为…做了贡献contribution n.促成因素(=contributing factors)decline n./v. 衰退，下跌economic/ moral decline 经济/ 道德衰退declining adj. 处于衰退的a ~ industry fade v. 渐渐消失，衰弱，减弱fading adj. 处于衰退的，日渐消失的falling adj. 日渐降低的，日益衰退的rising adj. 越来越多(大)的=growing, soaring, increasingfall v./n. 下跌，降低（fell，fallen）= drop rise v./n. 上升，增加（rose ，risen）on the rise/ decline 处于上升/ 下跌、衰退accomplish v. 实现，完成，达到complete v. 完成，使完善adj.完整的,完全incomplete不完全的career n. 职业生涯corrupt v. 腐蚀，使恶化 a. 腐败的various a 各种各样的，各不相同的times n. 时代creative freedom 创作自由bottom line 底线core n./a. 核心（的），中心take over 接管，接班，接任late a. 已逝的,已故的alive adj. 活着的raise stock price 提高股票价格debt n. 债务deal n. 交易dealership n. 经销商property n.财产intellectual property知识产权restructure v.结构重组,调整结构,体制改革reengineer v. 再设计，重新建造，结构重组flap n./v. 辩论，辩护debate n. 争论,辩论hip-hop 街舞expression n. 表达~ freedom 表达自由defend v. 保卫，辩护defender n. 支持者，辩护人=supporter defendant n. 被告justify v. 证明…合理，为…而辩护be justified 有道理scientifically justified 科学上合理的justifiable adj. 合理的defend/justify…on the grounds that/of 为…而辩护，理由是…release v. 发表，发行issue v.under fire 受攻击violent a. 暴力的，猛烈的violence n. 暴力school violence 校园暴力violate v. 违反，违背（规章等）= infringe violate the rules and regulationstest n./v. 测试，检验；试验democratic a. 民主的，大众化的column n. 专栏lie in 在于the widest possible latitude 最大的幅度dispute v./n.争执，争论beyond ~ 毋庸质疑disputable a. 有争议的irritating a. 令人愤怒的，使人气愤的compromise v./n.妥协，让步（=retreat ；=back off）hard-line 强硬路线~ stand强硬立场to some extent 在某种程度上=at some level stockholder n. 股东，股票持有人cite v. 引用，引证balance n./v. 平衡announce v. 宣布= declarelaunch v. 发动，发起~ a drive to do sth. drive v. 驱动，推动driving force 推动力，驱动力be driven underground 被赶到地下，暗处develop v. 制定，培养；发展；研发develop standards 制定标准distribute v. 分发，分配；发行，销售distribution n. 发行，销售；发放，分布collection n. 收集information collection and distribution信息的收集与发布board n. 董事会；委员会boss and board 管理层= the management licencing board 执照颁发委员会be supportive of 支持oppositive adj. 相反的oppose v. 反对insider n. 业内人士，知道内情的人士people associated with…与…有关联的人senator n 参议员amendment n.（法律、合同等的）修改,修订unite v. 团结，联合为一Unit Fivemonetary a. 金融的，货币的steer v. 驾驶，驾驭land v. 着陆（take off 起飞，猛增）brake n./v. 闸；刹车precise a. 精确的far from the truth 远非事实variable a. 不确定的，易变的effect（on …）n. 影响（= influence on ）hence adv. 因此就出现了，因此就有了analogy n. 类比nanlogous adj. 相当于，类似于conduct v./n 进行…行为；行为（~ online transactions进行网上贸易）liken…to…v. 把…比作…crack v. 破裂，破碎rear v. 后部的，后面的view n. 景色，风景；观点，看法faulty a 有缺点的，不完美的banker n. 银行家boast v. 值得夸耀，引以为豪double-digit 两位数poll v. 投票选出percentage n. 百分比favorable a 有利的capacity n. 最大承受力（能力），最大承受量（容量）utilization n. 利用，使用prove v. (结果)竟然是,原来是,证明是;证明thrilling n. 令人激动的follow v. 遵循，按照…去做comparable a. 可比较的，可比作extremely a. 极端地，非常地last v. 持续（一段时间）amaze v. 令人吃惊，使吃惊amazing a.神奇的，奇异的Unit Sixit doesn’t help that 无法阻止，无法避免capture v. 吸引, 引起；俘获，夺取(~ one’s attention/ imagination)giant dam 巨大的水坝gigantic adj. 巨大的= giant=titanicat the mercy of 任凭… 摆布drought n. 干旱（flood n. 洪涝）ideal n. 理想 a. 理想的give up on… as an ideal 放弃…的理想do one’s bidding 听从某人的吩咐fascinating adj.令人着迷的，迷人的fascination n.着迷,异常兴奋be fascinated（with ）对…着迷project n.(各类)建设项目;研究项目,计划threaten（to do）有…的危险，威胁（到）= riskthreat n. 威胁symbol n. 象征strive to do something / for something努力奋斗assert oneself 表现自己cement v. 巩固，加强bid n. 出价，投标bid for（投标）竞争,争取得到overbidding过高出价status n. 地位；状态tend to 往往，通常会intend v. 打算，目的在于~ doing/to do sth. be intended to do目的在于tendency n. 趋势trend n. 趋势，倾向deprive somebody of something 剥夺，夺去…fertile adj. 土地肥沃的, 多产的silt n. 淤泥in return for 作为…的回报reservoir n. 水库barely adv. 几乎不= hardlygenerate electricity 发电myth n. 神秘事件，神话；荒诞的说法mythical adj. 令人神往的，想象的，虚构的persist v. 持续, 坚持persistent adj. 没完没了的civilized adj. 文明的，进步的= civil civilize v. 让… 变得文明，使文明stop (short of) doing停止了做某事(差点做了…) troops n. 军队（= forces ）contention over 竞争，争夺… (contend v. ) contend v.主张；竞争,斗争（contention n. ）give the go-ahead 允许，许可wrong-headed adj. 执迷不悟的,固执错误的even though 即使= even ifalthough ( = though ) ad. 尽管，虽然destruction n. 毁灭，破坏the powerful 权贵，强势阶层the powerless 平民，群众far from 远非，根本不是，根本没有far beyond 远远超过，远非resolve v. 决心；解决（同问题、分歧连用）conflict n. 冲突，斗争，摩擦hydroelectric power 水力发电irrigation n. 灌溉monster adj. 庞大，巨大的shut one’s eyes to reality 对现实视而不见neglect v. 忽视，忽略negligence n. 忽视vital adj. 致命的，至关重要的vitality n. 生命力，活力concern v. 与…有关n. 担忧，关切concerning prep.就…而言；与…有关concerned 相关的（后置修饰词）voice one’s concern 公开声明对…表示关注mild/serious/hightened concern稍稍/严重/高度关注be concerned about/with 关心，担心，重视strengthen v. 巩固，加强weaken v. 消弱，使变弱strengths and weaknesses 长处和不足之处international ties 国际关系universal adj. 普遍的n. 普遍情况universalize v. 普及，使普遍= popularize no use crying over spilt milk 覆水难收haste n. 匆忙（贬义）= rushhasten v. 加速leap v. /n. 跳跃，跳，飞跃Unit Seventale n. 故事，童话corporation n. 大公司corporate adj. 公司的international/multinational corporation跨国公司incorporate v. 包含，加入；合并revival n. 复兴，振兴，重生establish v. 建立，确立；公认，确定established adj. 确定的，既定的well-established adj.得到广泛公认的~ tend productive adj. 生产力的；多产的productivity n. 生产力revolution n. 革新，变革revolutionary adj. 革命性的preside over v. 主持，负责president n.总统,总裁,大学校长vice ~ 副的official adj.正式的，官方的~ status官方地位statistics n. 统计数字，统计学mildly adv. （mild adj. ）轻微的，适度的lump…together v. 合起来manufacturing n. 制造~ industry 制造业manufacturer n. 制造商on average 平均（只用于数字或人的资质）previous adj. 以前的，过去的acceleration n. 加速，加速度due to 因为rebound n. 反弹cycle n. 循环，周期business ~ 商业周期recycle v. 再利用，循环使用conclusive adj. 结论性的，充分的~ evidenceinconclusive adj. 不充分的,不足以下结论的evidence n. 证据（不可数名词）treasury secretary n. 财政大臣，财政部长disjunction n. 分离，不吻合，出入anecdote n. 趣闻，轶事downsize v. 裁减，精简overall adj. 整体，全部的，总的factor n. 因素，要素joint adj. 共同的，联合的join v. 连接，结合equipment n. 装备，设备，装置machinery n. （总称）机器，机械profitable adj. 赢利的profit n. 利润switch (to) 转向matter much 关系很大，很有关系speculate (on) v. （对…进行）预测，推测speculative adj. 预测的，猜测的ineptly adv. 不适当地，不理想地spread v. 分布, 传播, 蔓延widespread adj. 广泛的，普遍的be evenly spread 平均分布，均衡分布的suppose v. 假设，猜想，想象academic v. 学者，大学教师 a. 学术的former adj. 过去的n. 前者colony n. 殖民地anti-colonial反殖民主义的chain n. 连锁机构crude adj.未经加工的；粗糙的，粗放型的crude oil 原油bakery n. 面包店toast v. 举杯庆祝case n. 情况；；案例，例子；（法律）案件in many cases 在很多情况下revenue n. 年收入，财政收入colleague n. 同事，伙伴= company mechanistic adj.机械的mechanism n.机制mechanical a.机械的，机械似的mechanical learning 机械的学习in a…fashion以…方式，方法(= in a…manner)version 版本；说法chop out 削减give thought to (n) 考虑sufficient adj.足够的,大量的sufficiencyn.long-term adj. 长期的~ prospect 远景in a short term 短期内blunt adj. 直率，直言不讳的dismiss… as… 认为…不过是…consultant n. 顾问( = advisor ) consultancy n. 咨询ambulance n. 救护车turning point 转折点recovery n. 复苏；复原，恢复exclude v. 排除，除去…之外include v. 包含，包括fall short of 落后于，达不到（目标），不如anticipation n.预测anticipate v. 预测，预计the true state of 真实情况pose a question / challenge提出问题/ 挑战raise a question 提出问题question v. 怀疑，质疑= suspect questionnaire n. 问卷reply n. 答复,回答put forward提出(观点) (= pose v.提出，造成)unquestioned claim 毋庸质疑的论点reform n. 改革(liberal reform 自由改革)essential（for/to）adj.关键,至关重要的,核心的a bunch of 一帮，一捆，一串good-for-nothing n.无价值的,无用的人;废物Unit Eightuneasy adj.不自在、不稳定的;困难、艰难的aspect n. （问题等的）方面rebel v.反叛,叛逆rebelling beliefs 叛逆的信念、信仰trial n. 审判；试验Catholic Church 天主教remark n./v. 话，言语harsh remarks make a passing remark 短暂发言，说话worldview n. 世界观schism n. 裂隙，分裂deepen v. 加深，深化humanities n.人文学科humanity n.人文主义精神if anything 如果有的话afford to do 有条件、有资格做某事critic n. 批评者，评论家criticize v. 批评critical(ly) adj. 缜密严谨的；批评的；至关重要的think critically 批判地思维/思想think independently 独立地思考ignore v. 忽视be completely ~ed 完全遭到忽视fund n.资金v. 出资,拨款,资助funding n.资助over-funding 拨款过度under-funding 拨款不足anti-science n. 反科学notably adv. 引人注目地，显著地assemble v. 集合；组装find fault with 批评，挑…的毛病social status 社会地位sociology n. 社会学sociologist n. 社会学家philosopher n. 哲学家，思想家philosophy n. 哲学，人生准则，生活方式create v. 创造（creation n. 创造，创造物）creativity n. 创造力creature n. 生物creationism n. 上帝造人说evolution n. 进化；物种进化论phenomenon n. 现象（phenomena 复数）contradict v. 与… 矛盾contradiction n.矛盾contradictory adj. 相矛盾的self-contradictory adj. 自相矛盾的on the contrary 相反contrast n. 对照，对比（不同点）survey n./v. 调查；纵览，通盘考虑reveal v. 显示，显示出；揭示，揭露；泄露tag n. 标签v. 贴标签（= label ）label v./n. （贴）标签，标示epithet n.称号attach… to… 将… 联系在一起attach importance to… 强调，重视…advocate v. 提倡，倡导n. 倡导者eliminate v.消除,淘汰,剔除(elimination n.)smallpox n. 天花virus n. 病毒virtue n. 美德scorn v. 蔑视long for 渴望，盼望utopia n. 乌托邦,理想完美境界,理想状态biological utopia 生物学上的理想状态environmentalist n.环保主义者,环境保护论者essay n. 文章，散文article n. 文章inevitable adj. 不可避免的，必不可少的respond forcefully/strongly to 对…做出强有力的反应respond to对…做出反应correspond to… v. 与… 有关，相一致corresponding adj. 相应的pioneer n. 先驱，先锋global warming 全球气候变暖depletion n. 损耗，枯竭ozone layer 臭氧层consequence n. 后果logical consequence 合理结果，逻辑结论consequent adj. 随之而来的，作为结果的consequently adv. 因此= thus = therefore note v. 注意到；写道n. 注释explanatory note 注释heavy note 很浓的意味，明显特征denote v. 指示，表示的是have… in common 共同点是common adj. 共有的，共同的annoy v. 惹恼，激怒，令…不快annoying employees 惹人生气的雇员confront v. 面对，挑战confrontation n. 对抗，冲突，不和separation n. 分裂，分离separate adj. 独立的，各自的，分离的earn one’s keep 挣钱吃饭earn v. 挣钱，赚得；博得，得到contempt n.鄙视,蔑视,看不起earn the contempt of sb. 受到鄙视contemptible adj. 让人鄙视的，可鄙的greedy adj. 贪婪的show sympathy with/for 表示同情、同感in sympathy with 同情sympathetic adj.表示同情的；赞同、支持的compassionate adj.表示同情的，有同情心的exemplify v. 举例说明，例证context n. 上下文，语境Unit Nineemerge v. 出现= appearemergence n. 出现emerge as v. 以…面貌出现emerging countries 新兴国家emerging economies 新兴国家的经济census n.人口普查head-counting n.数人数，人口普查regional adj. 地区性的national a. 全国性的worldwide a.世界范围的compete with 与… 竞争competitor n. 竞争者fierce/ intense competition激烈竞争competitive adj.竞争的anti-competitive force 反竞争的力量competitiveness竞争性，竞争力fading/growing competitiveness 越来越强/弱的竞争力competently adv. 合格,有效地incompetently adv. 不合格,不称职地standstill n. 停滞不前enthrone v. 使成为首位，是名列…之首densely/thinly populated人口稠密(稀少)的be populated with/by 充满了，充斥着numerically adv.从数字上显示,从数字方面ever recorded/witnessed 有历史(记载)以来decade n. 十年gain n. 上升，增长（= rise）add up to 总数为annual adj. 每年的，每年一度的the Depression years 经济大萧条的年代migrate v. 迁徙immigrant n. 进入另一国的移民移民immigration n.迁移,移民(进入一地区或国家) prevail v. 普遍,,盛行prevalent adj. 流行的,主导的drop out of 离开，掉出，退出shift v. /n. 转换，变化，转移，转嫁shift (from…) to…转向major shift主要变化，重要变化wave n. 浪潮，潮流（= trend ）one wave after another 一波接一波的the snow-belt 冰雪地带the sun-belt 阳光地带role n. 角色，作用play a role 起作用play a key role 起到关键作用baby boom生育高峰期,婴儿潮child-bearing adj.育龄的,怀孕的crop n. 收获，收割generation n. 一代（人）two-generation household 由两代人组成的家庭demography n. 人口统计学related adj. 有关，相关的closely related tocareer-related adj. 与工作有关的instance n. 例子，实例rapid adj. 迅速的，飞快的rap n. 说唱vast adj. 广大的，巨大的vastly = greatly = broadlydevastate v. 毁坏，破坏be composed of 由… 组成的square n./a. 平方（的）~ meters 平方米flight n. 逃跑；远离bearable adj. 可以忍受的dramatize v. 明显体现出drama n. 戏剧dramatic adj. 剧烈的;巨大的~ changes 巨变dramatic declaration 引起轰动的消息dramatically adv. 大幅度地spacious adj. 宽敞的space n. 空间smog n. 烟雾crime n. 刑事犯罪criminal a. 有罪的n. 罪犯plague n. 瘟疫，通病urbanization n. 都市化urban a. 城市的suburban adj. 近郊的，城市边缘的rural a. 农村的rate n. 比率；费率interest rates 利率divorce rate离婚率crime rate犯罪率birth rate出生率inflation rates通货膨胀率ratio n. 比例sex ratio 男女性别比例reason n. 理性；原因v. 推理reasonable a.合理的considerably adv. 相当大的，非常（= vastly）perplex v. 困扰，迷惑perplexing adj. 令人困惑的witness v. 见证，目击n. 目击者，证人undergo v. 经历了= experience distinguish oneself from others使自身与众不同stress n. 压力v. 强调stress…over…v. 强调…比…更重要climatic influence 气候影响climate n. 气候highlight v. 强调（= stress ）continuous adj. 连续不断的continual adj. 频繁的，不断的elaborate v. 详细阐述，精心制作delayed adj. 迟到的delay v. 延迟,耽误unanimously adv. 一致地democracy n. 民主be engaged in 从事，忙于conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人cling to something 坚持= stick toUnit 10scatter v. 遍布，散乱分布the globe n. 地球isolate v. 分离，隔绝isolated adj. 分离的，隔绝的region n. 地区volcano n. 火山volcanic activity 火山活动geology n. 地质学geologist n. 地质学家geological feature 地质特点geological publication n. 地质学出版物hot spot 热点boundary n. 界限drifting plate 漂移的板块drift away 漂走make up 占…（比例）（= account for）组成（be made up of…由…构成）弥补，化妆surface n. 表面interior n. 内部 a. 内部的trail n. 踪迹,痕迹,路线tourist ~s；volcanic~smilestone n. 里程碑mark v. 标志着markedly adv. 显著地complementary adj. 互补的coastline n. 海岸线span v. 横跨，横越n. 跨距，跨度attention span 注意力集中时间段life span寿命ocean n. 海洋oceanic adj. 海洋的reminder n. 提示，提醒的人或物remind v. 提醒，使想起continent n. 大陆continental plate 大陆板块relative adj. 相对的motion n. 动作，移动（= mobility ）mobile adj.（可）移动的，流动的mobility n.orbital motion 有轨道的运动construct v. 建造，构造；构思，构想，想象in detail adv. 细节的，详细的detail n. 细节with respect to关于…，在…方面，与…有关= in terms of = regarding readily adv. 轻易地，容易地translate… into… 将… 解释为determine v. 确定，决定in opposite directions 向不同方向stationary adj. 固定的，静止不动的respectively adv. 各自地，分别地anchor v. 固定在，停留n 节目主持人layer n. 层，层次measuring instrument 测量工具，测量仪器measure n. 措施；衡量指标，测量方法conventional measures 常规的指标measurable adj. 可以衡量的analysis n. 分析self-analysis n. 自我分析senior analyst 高级分析师be confined to something 被限制于，局限于frame n. 框架，范围reference n. 参考geophysical adj. 地球物理学的propel v. 推动，推进，加速broad adj. 宽阔的，巨大的，广泛的broaden v. 拓展fissure n./ v. 缝隙，裂痕（= crack ）entire adj. 完全的，整体的entirely adv. 完全地，彻底地entirely reasonable 完全合理的entirely different story 完全不同的情况initiate v. 开始，引发take initiative 积极行动，采取主动medical initiative 医疗动机formation n. 形成mutability n. 变形；易变性consistent adj.一直的,一贯的~ly adv. 一直inconsistency n. 不一致，变化apart adv. 分开dome n. 拱型，圆屋顶be deducted from 由… 推论出stable adj. 稳定stability n. 稳定Unit 11rough adj. 粗糙的，粗略的；困难，复杂roughly adv. 大约，大致（后跟数字或数目）slip v. 滑倒warning n. 警告warn of/against提醒注意…,发出关于…的警告disaster n. 灾难catastrophe n. 大灾难tragedy n. 悲剧，灾难lawsuit n. 法律诉讼sue v.起诉appeal v. (to,for)上诉，申诉compensate sb. for 赔偿，补偿compensation n. 赔偿，补偿or so 大约jury n. 陪审团hold v. 认为，主张；保持be liable for adj. 负法律责任，对…应负责任be liable to 易…的，有…可能的liability n. 义务，法律责任misfortune n. 不幸fortune n. 运气；财富；财产状况,经济状况cautious adj. 小心谨慎的caution n./v. 小心谨慎；警告precaution n. 预防，防范，警惕appropriate adj. 正确，适当的= proper inappropriate subject 不恰当的题材drug interaction 药物过敏，药物交互作用interact with 互动，相互作用interactive adj. 互动的interactivity n. 互动性federal adj. 联邦的regulation n. 管理规定，规则regulate v.规范，管理regular adj. 规则的，标准的；定期的regularity n. 规律性，规则性customer n. 顾客，消费者client n.顾客，客户potential customer 潜在顾客，可能的顾客customize n. 量身定制，定做，用户化take somebody to court 将…告上法庭turn the tide潮流倒转，逆转潮流reverse the trend 逆转这一潮流,逆转这一趋势claim n. 索赔；主张；宣称，声称unquestioned claim 毋庸置疑的言论proclaim v. 宣称（= claim）side with / back up 支持paralyze v. 麻痹，瘫痪paralysis n. 瘫痪parallel n. 类似事物或做法a.平行的unparalleled adj.无以伦比的= unmatched unsurpassed might无法超越、空前的巨大力量unprecedented a. 史无前例的，空前的precede v. 先于，在… 之前（发生）proceed to 着手做，进入（下一个议程或项目）athlete n. 运动员institute n. 学院，机构judge n. 法官v. 判断judgement n.判断justice n. 司法；正义；法官recommendation n.建议；推荐recommend v. 建议；推荐counsel v. 建议carry v. 有，蕴含着，承载着carry substantial weight 很有分量substantial adj. 相当大的；相当多的= considerableweight n. 分量，重量issue v. 发布，出台n. 问题，争端，事务guideline n. 指导，方针，大纲tort law 侵权法state v. 声明，陈述，规定statement n bombard sb. with… v. 用…狂轰滥炸lengthy adj.（演说、文章等）冗长的= tediouslengthen v. 延长shorten v. 缩短get buried 被掩埋，被忽略= be buriedtriviality n. 琐碎的事务draft v. 起草n. 草案，草稿moderate adj. 适度，中等的have one’s way 按照…的愿望行事，顺利进行for the benefit of / in the interest of 为了…的利益find fault with 找茬，挑错promise v. 承诺n. 前途intellectual promise 读书方面的前途political promise 政治前途promising adj. 有前景的inadequacy n. 不足，不完美inadequate adj.不够充分的,不完全,不够的make the best use of 充分利用be / feel obliged to do不得不demonstrate v.说明,显示,表明= illustrate discard v. 抛弃discard… in words 口头，表面上抛弃Unit 12web business = internet commerce= online transaction 在线商务，互联网贸易anti-consumerism 反消费主义，抵制消费第一的观念consumer n. 消费者culture of consumption 消费文化medical consumer 医疗消费者fashion n. 时尚v.制定,开发,研发(=develop)attain a certain fashion 一定程度上得到流行old-fashioned a. 落伍的，过时的fashionable a. 时髦的，流行的revolve around v. 围绕…展开或进行tap v. 开发~ the market 开发市场make sense 合理，行得通；有意义nonetheless adv. 然而，但是(= nevertheless )hesitate v. 犹豫，犹豫不决doubt v. 怀疑self-doubt n. 自我怀疑doubter n. 怀疑者dubious a. 半信半疑的reliable adj. 可靠的fairly ~ 相当可靠的reliability n. 可靠性trust v./n. 信任n. 托拉斯，大型垄断企业distrust v. 不信任mistrust v. 不信任，怀疑trustworthy adj. 可靠的pathway n. 路径path n. 路径risk v./n. 风险，冒…的风险= threaten risk doing something 冒险做某事partner n. 伙伴give somebody access to 允许出入，允许接触access n. 接近，利用（网络）accessible adj. 可获得的，可利用的intranet n. （单位内部）局域网model n./v. 模式，方式，模仿，建模focus on 集中于；全神贯注于available adj. 可以得到的，可以用的available online 在网上可得到的site n. 位址，场所；网址=website direct a. 直接的，径直的indirect a. 间接的transmit v. 传播，传染transmission n. message n. 信息，消息send out messages screen savor 屏幕保护deliver v.传送，送货上门；发言，发表演说updated adj. 最新的，更新的stream n.流,河流,一连串tourist streams客流a stream of 一系列的，一连串的streams of news/information 大量的新闻、信息subscriber n. 订阅者subscribe v. （to）同意，赞同monitor n. 监视器，显示器as yet （到目前为止）尚未not…(just) yet 尚未special sales 减价销售，特价销售commercial promotion 商业促销promote v. 推动，促进；促销；提拔byproduct n. 副产品produce v. 生产出,创造出;培养出n. 产品side-effect n. 副作用offer v. 提供；出价，报价provide v. 提供= offerprovided conj. 如果（= if）think tank 智囊团。
2014考研英语作文必背经典范文（一）【2】
2014考研英语作文必背经典范文（一）【2】Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that tobacco consumption will decline based on several new tendencies that are emerging. In the first place, there is an extensive public awareness of the negative impact of smoking, and as a result, more people resist the tempetation of cigarettes. In the second place, governments are setting more regulations to limit tobacco production. The effectiveness of such a policy was testified by the prompt drop of the tobacco production from 14.364 billion in 1994 pounds to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995 as seen in the picture.In short, I firmly believe that, with the efforts of the whole society, we can launch more movements to realize a cleaner world with less smoking.译文：烟草是一种在全世界有着巨大消费量的商品。
2014考研英语作文常用词汇
2014考研英语：作文常用词汇考研英语的写作，我们一再强调不能仅仅依靠背诵模板就妄图取得高分。
英语作文的复习，需要不断积累一下常用词汇、词组，作为吸引老师的闪光点，同时也能够有效避免在考场上出现生搬硬套的现象，下面整理一些常用词汇，供考生参考。
1．经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard3．先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology4．面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges5．人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that…6．社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development7．引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8．不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…9．热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate10．有争议性的问题 a controversial issue11．完全不同的观点 a totally different argument12．一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…13．就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned， / Personally，14．就…达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on…15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons16．双方的论点 argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasin gly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes：20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
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节能（节约能源）
save energy
减排（减少温室气体排放）
reduce the emission of greenhouse gases
环保产品
environment-friendly products
全球变暖
global warming
低碳经济
low carbon economy
清洁可再生能源
偶像崇拜
idol worship
虚拟生活
virtual life
网上交友
making friends online
网聊
chatting on the Internet
网络谣言
online gossip
网上购物
online shopping
团购
group/internet buying/purchase
恒心
perseverance
耐心
patience
谨慎
prudence
3.信心
自信
self-confidence
谦虚
modesty
缺乏自信
lack of confidence
高估困难
exaggerate/overestimate difficulties
低估能力
underestimate one's abilities
splendid and glorious cultural heritage/legacy/relics
与时俱进
keep pace with times
跨文化交流
cross-cultural communication
文化差异
cultural differences
文化传统
cultural traditions
7.垃圾处理
乱扔垃圾
litter
垃圾分类
garbage classification
丢弃
throw, discard
垃圾
trash, rubbish, garbage
城市垃圾无害处理
decontamination of urban refuse
垃圾填埋场
refuse landfill
三废
three types of wastes(waste water, waste gas, solid waste)
濒危物种
endangered species
野生物种
wild species
商业捕鱼
commercial fishing
过度捕捞
overfishing
过度开发
reckless exploitation
4.自然灾害
自然灾害
natural disasters
大灾难
catastrophe
破坏性灾难性地震
destructive and disastrous earthquake
soot emissions
矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气）
fossil fuels(coal, oil and natural gas)
（二）教育文化类
1.学位
学士
bachelor's degree
硕士
master's degree
博士
doctor's degree
获得学位
acquire degree
实践技能
practical skills
信息时代
information era
知识爆炸时代
era of knowledge explosion
逃课
skip classes
学习成绩
academic performance
学习氛围
academic atmosphere
开阔眼界
broaden one's horizon
3.教育
终身教育
life-long education
素质教育
education for all-round development
义务教育
compulsory education
应试教育
exam-oriented
成人教育
adult education
理论知识
theoretical knowledge
文科
arts
理科
science
文学硕士
Master of Arts(M.A.)
理学硕士
Master of Science(M.S.)
工商管理硕士
Master of Business Administration(MBA)
公共管理硕士
Master of Public Administration(MPA)
生态农业
eco-agriculture
生态旅游
ecotourism
自然保护区
nature reserve
可持续发展战略
sustainable development strategy
防风防沙林
wind and sand breaks
宜人的生活环境
pleasant living environment
中学
middle school
综合性大学
university
学院
institute
高等教育
higher education
大学生
college/university students
大学毕业生
college/university graduates
商学院
business school
法学院
law school
网络监管
the Internet supervision
网络暴力
the Internet violence
不负责言论
irresponsible remarks
购买彩票
buy lottery tickets
电子游戏
electronic games
数码产品
digital products
手机短信
text message
2014考研写作核心词汇
（一）环境保护类
1.环境保护
环境保护
environmental protection
提高环保意识
enhance environmental awareness
保持生态平衡
keep ecological balance
生态系统
ecosystem
生态示范区
environmental-friendly region
招生
recruitment
录取
enrollment
申请入学
apply for admission to/into…
高考
College Entrance Examination
考研
National Entrance Test for M.A./M.S. Candidates
就业市场
job market
研究生院
graduate school
教授
professor
全体教师
faculty
系
department
专业
major
教学设施
teaching facilities
食堂
dining hall
宿舍
dormitory
选修课
elective/optional course
学杂费
tuition fees and other expenses
垃圾短信
junk message
手机入网
mobile phone subscription
（三）人生哲理类
1.独立
自立
self-dependence
溺爱
dote, spoil
独生子女
only child
激烈竞争
fierce competition
啃老族
boomerang kids,NEET
不劳而获
reap without sowing
积极态度
positive attitude
尾气净化器
exhaust purifier
无铅汽油
lead-free gasoline
天然气汽车
gas-fueled vehicles
电动汽车
cell-driven vehicles
小排量汽车
small-engine vehicles
工业粉尘排放
industrial dust discharge
烟尘排放
工程硕士
Master of Engineering(ME)
会计硕士
Master of Professional Accounting
金融硕士
Master of Science in Finance(MSF)
2.学校
幼儿园
nursery/kindergarten
小学
primary/elementary school
雇主
employer
雇员
employee
职业培训
vocational training
（二）文化
1.文化交流
文化交流
cultural exchanges
文化融合
cultural blending/integration
传统中国文化
traditional Chinese culture
儒家
Confucianism