论GMDSS通信英语翻译

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GMDSS英语词汇

211 failure['feɪljə] n. 失败；故障；失败者；破产212 faster['fa:stə] adj. 更快的adv. 更快地213 fed[fed] abbr. 联邦调查局人员（the Federal Reserve System）214 fed to[] 被送到 215 fitted['f ɪt ɪd] adj. 合适的；订做的；有…设备的 v. 适应（fit 的过去分词）；合适；为…提供设备 216 fix[f ɪks] vt. 使固定；修理；安装；准备 vi. 固定；注视 n. 困境；方位；贿赂 217 flash[fl æʃ] vt. 使闪光；反射 n. 闪光，闪现；一瞬间 vi. 闪光，闪现；反射 adj. 闪光的，火速的 218 flow[fl əʊ] vi. 流动，涌流；川流不息；飘扬 vt. 淹没，溢过 n. 流动；流量；涨潮，泛滥 219 forbidden[f ə'b ɪd(ə)n] adj. 被禁止的；严禁的，禁用的 220 foregoing['f ɔːg əʊɪŋ] adj. 前述的；前面的；在前的 v. 发生在…之前；走在…之前（forego 的ing 形式） 221 formal['f ɔːm(ə)l] adj. 正式的；拘谨的；有条理的 n. 正式的社交活动；夜礼服 222 front[fr ʌnt] n. 前面；正面；前线 vt. 面对；朝向；对付 vi. 朝向 adj. 前面的；正面的 adv. 在前面；向前 223 fulfill[f ʊl'f ɪl] vt. 履行；实现；满足；使结束（等于fulfil ） 224 fundamental[f ʌnd ə'ment (ə)l] adj. 基本的，根本的 n. 基本原理；基本原则 225 general ['d ʒen(ə)r(ə)adj. 一般的，普通的；综合的；大体的 n. 一般；将军，上将；常规436 supply[sə'plaɪ] n. 供给，补给；供应品vt. 供给，提供；补充vi. 供给；替代437 support[sə'pɔːt] vt. 支持，支撑，支援；扶持，帮助；赡养，供养n. 支持，维持；支援，供养；支持者，支撑物438 surface['sɜːfɪs] n. 表面；表层；外观adj. 表面的，肤浅的vi. 浮出水面vt. 使浮出水面；使成平面439 survivors[sɚ'vaɪvɚ] n. 幸存者（survivor的复数）440 technique[tek'niːk] n. 技巧，技术；手法441 telephony[tɪ'lef(ə)nɪ] n. 电话（学）；电话制造442 temporary ['temp(ə)rərɪ]adj. 暂时的，临时的n. 临时工，临时雇员443 terminal['tɜːmɪn(ə)l] n. 末端；终点；终端机；极限adj. 末端的；终点的；晚期的444 thunderstorm ['θʌndəstɔːm]n. [气象] 雷暴；雷暴雨；大雷雨445 to avoid[] 避免446 to march[] 跑步447 track[træk] n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；通过；循路而行；用纤拉vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹448 tracking['trækɪŋ] n. 追踪，跟踪v. 跟踪（track的ing形式）449 trading['tredɪŋ] n. 交易；贸易；购物adj. 交易的；贸易的v. 交换（trade 的ing形式）；做买卖450 traditional[trə'dɪʃ(ə)n(əadj. 传统的；惯例的。

GMDSS通信英语上海500题带翻译

英语阅读500题（单项选择题）1.IMO has decided决定that all ships over 300TGt must be fitted with a NA VTEX receiver______ .IMO在什么时候决定300总吨以上必须配备NA VTEX接收机。

A. by 01 Feb 1992B. by 01 Aug 1993C. between 01 Feb 1992 and 01 Feb 1999D. before 01 Feb 19922.GMDSS is to provide ______ with reliable可靠的communication .GMDSS提供给--所有客船和300总吨及以上货船在海上航行--的可靠通信。

A. all large passenger vesselsB. freighters of more than 300gt in coastal watersC. all passenger ships and cargo ships engaged in international-voyagesD. all passenger ships and cargo ships of 300gt upwards in open sea3.The complying遵从vessels can transmit ship-to-shore distress alerts by at least ______ .这个遵守船舶（公约船）能发送船到岸遇险报警至少通过--两套分开和独立设备方法，使用不同的无线电通信业务。

A. One means, whether satellite or terrestrial techniquesB. Two means,途径whether无论satellite or terrestrial techniquesC. Two separate and independent独立的means, each using different radio communication servicesD. Two means, such as MF DSC and HF DSC4.The quality of the message can be affected 受到影响by ___ .信息的质量会受--气候--影响。

GMDSS通信英语青岛300题带翻译

C.passenger ships sail on international service D.B&C 28.Every ship shall be provided with a VHF radio installation capable of transmitting and receiving on .每船必须配置VHF能够发射和接收在-----频道。 A.CH70 and CH16 B.CH06 C.CH13 D.all of above 29.The “on-scene”frequency 3023khz for radiotelephone is used for communication. 现场通信无线电话3023khz用于-----通信。 A.ship-aircraft B.inter ship C.ship-shore D.bridge-bridge 30.Who have primary responsibility for radio communications during distress incident? 遇险通信的主要负责人 A.the first mate B.the second mate C.the captain D.the operator 31.The call sign of coast station of China are between .中国海岸电台呼号在之间。 A.BAA—BZZ B.XSA—XSZ C.3HA—3UZ D.AAA—AZZ 32.Availability可靠性 of radio equipment maintenace options选择 onboard in A3 is . 在A3海区航行船舶，采用-----维修放案确保无线电设备可用性。 A.at-sea maintenace B. shore-based maintenace C.duplication of equipment D.nominate指定的two options of above 33.Regulation of the GMDSS applies to .GMDSS规则适用于。 A.all cargo above 300 gross tons B.all passenger ships on international voyages C.all ships D. A&B 34.Which device装置，设备has not the function of alerting?哪种设备没有报警功能？ A.EPIRB B.SART C.MES D.DSC 35.The GMDSS supports two independent 独立的systems for broadcasting MSI ,via: . GMDSS由哪两种独立的系统播发海上安全信息 A.NAVTEX & EGC B.SAFETY & FAX C.INMARSAT-C& EGC D.DSC & NBDP 36.Which terminal is used to alert to ships by distressed vessel? 哪种终端设备用于船到船遇险报警 A.EPIRB B.SART C.MES D.DSC

GMDSS通信英语阅读修改版

GMDSS英语阅读练习1一、缩略语1、GMDSSA:Global Maritime Distress and Safety System 全球海上遇险与安全系统B:Global Maritime Distress and SafeSystem 全球海上遇险与安全系统C:Global Maritine Distress and Safety System 全球海上遇险与安全系统D:Global Maritime Distress and Safety System 全球海上遇险系统2、INMARSA TA:International Mobile Satellite Organization 国际海事卫星组织B:International Maritime Satellite Organization 国际移动卫星组织C:International Maritime Satellite Organization 国家海事卫星组织D:International Maritime Satellite Organization 国际海事卫星组织3、PORA:Pacific Ocean Region 大西洋区B:Pacific Ocean Region 太平洋区C:Pacific Ocean Region 印度洋区D:Pacific Ocean Region 北冰洋区4、DSCA:Digital Select Call 数字选择性呼叫B:Digital Search Call 数字选择性呼叫C:Digital Selective Call 数字选择性呼叫D:Digital Searching Call 数字选择性呼叫5、MSIA:Maritime Safety Information 海上安全信息B:Mobile Safety Information 海上安全信息C:Maritime Safe Information 海上安全信息D:Maritime Signe Information 海上安全信息二、单选题1、Which of the following equipments on board is for the COSPAS-SARSA T system?A:DSC B:NA VTEX C:VHF D:EPIRB2、Please choose the INMARSA T-C NCS ID of the W-AOR:A:044 B:001 C:211 D:1443、Which service does not the EGC system have？A:Safety NET B:Fleet NET C:SART D:Sending MSI 4、The VHF CH70 could be used to send ______:A:FAX B:DSC C:NBDP D:SSB5、In each NA VTEX message there is a technical code (B1B2B3B4):which character is the station identification ?A:B1 B:B2 C:B3 D:B3B46、The following radio communication systems are used in GMDSS except the INMARSA T system:A:VHFB:VHF MF and HF terrestrial systemsC:the COSPAS-ASRSA T systemD:the FLAG SIGNAL systems7、Which equipment is required to be carried in the all sea areas ?A:VHF B:MF C:HF D:SES8、Where is the INMARSA T’S headquarters?A:China B:The USAC:the United Kingdom D:Canada9、The Maritime safety information contains _________:A:distress message B:Urgency message C:Distress alertD:Navigational and meteorological warnings10、Both the satellite communication and terrestrial communications will _________:A:not be used in the GMDSSB:be used only for general communications C:be replaced by Morse D:be used in the GMDSS11、If we pass this test it may be possible for us to obtainA:The First-class Radioelectronic Certificate Ｂ:The Second-class Radioelectronic Certificate Ｃ:The General Operator’s Certificate D:The Restricted Operator‟s Certificate12、Which of the following statement is correct?A:2182 KHz is a carrier frequency used for distress and safety communications using radio telegraphy which class of emission is A1AB:2187:5 KHz is a carrier frequency used for distress and safety calls using digital selective calling:C:2187:5 KHz is a carrier frequency used for distress and safety calls using narrow-band-direct-printing:D:2182 KHz is a carrier frequency used for distress and safety traffic using narrow band direct printing:13、There are VHF equipments and either a satellite EPIRB or a VHF EPIRB on board according to the equipment carriage requirement:Which sea area does the ship sail?A:A1 B:A2 C:A3 D:A414、Which of the following description of usage is suitable for 2174:5KHz frequency?A:MSI B:NBDP C:DSC D:RT15、Which of the following description about Sea Area A3 is correct?A:an area within the radiotelephone coverage of at least one VHF coast station and one MF coast stationB:an area, including Sea Area A1 and A2, within the coverage of an INMARSA T geostationary satellite.C:An area, excluding Sea Area A1 and A2, within the coverage of an INMARSA T geostationary satellite.D:An area, excluding Sea Area A1 and A2, within the coverage of an COSPAS—SARSA Tsystem.16、In the COSPAS-SARSA T system, there are _______types of beacons at present? A:3 B:2 C:1 D:4 17、The medical message should be preceded by the word ________.A:OBS B:TMZ C:MEDICO D:NW 18、All the distress message should be preceded by ______.A:PAN PAN B:SECURITE C:MAYDAY D:MEDICO19、What final place is a distress call/message routed to?A:CES B:NCS C:RCC D:MCC20、The date for entry into full effect for GMDSS is 1st February _______.。

GMDSS通信英语单词

GMDSS通信英语单词IMO=International Maritime Organization 国际海事组织Introduction 引入，引进Mark 标志Maritime 海上的；海事的Invention 发明Amendment 修改改正Convention 公约SOLAS= Safety of life at sea 海上人命安全公约Adopt 正式通过，采用Replace 取代，代替Phase in 强调Entry into force 生效，实施Stage 阶段SAR= Search and Rescue 搜索和救助Coordinate 协调Authority 主管机关Ashore 岸上Vicinity 附近Alert 报警Emergency 紧急Coordinate 协调On-scene 现场Locate 定位Distress 遇险Bridge 驾驶台Community 实体，社会，（动植物群落）land community（陆生生物群落）Beneficial 有益的；受益的INMARSAT 国际海事卫星Put into orbit 送入轨道Announcement 宣布；通告Establish 建立Shipyard 船坞；船厂As a general rule 通常Shipment 装船，装运的货物Provide by 提供；供给Terrestrial 地面的Travel ＝sail 航行High sea 公海Carry 携带；配备Facility 设备；设施In addition to 除。

以外Dissemination 播发；传播Meteorological 气象的Warning 警告Comprehensive 全面的Available 可利用的；有用的Enhanced 增强的Combination 组成；组合Take out 退出；去掉Contributing 贡献；起作用V oyage 航次；航海；航行Install 安装Pacific 太平洋Atlantic 大西洋GT ＝gross tonnage 总吨位Navigate 航行Abbreviation 缩写Component 部分SART=Search and Rescue Radar Transponders 搜救雷达应答器Interrogate 触发；询问Airborne 飞机载Lay down 制定；规定Irrespective 不论；不考虑Primarily 主要地Imminent 急迫的；危急的Relate to 涉及；与。

GMDSS通信英语(SAR)

The basic concept of the GMDSS is that search and rescue authorities ashore, as well as shipping in the immediate vicinity of the ship in distress, will be rapidly alerted to a distress incident so that they can assist in a co-ordinate SAR operation with the minimum delay.Search and RescueThe International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue , 1979 , as amended in 1998 and 2004 , give the arrangements for the provision and co-ordination of Search and Rescue services . Parties to the Convention are required , either individually or in co-operation with other states , to establish the following basic elements of a Search and Rescue service :●Legal framework●Assignment of responsible authority●Organization of available resources●Communication facilities●Co-ordination and operational functions●Processes to improve the service , including planning , domestic andinternational co-operative relationships and training .To help support Search and Rescue services , Parties are required to establish and agree Search and Rescue regions . IMO and the International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ) co-ordinate member States arrangements with the aim of providing an effective world-wide system so that , wherever people sail or fly , SAR services will be available if needed . The current status of global Search and Rescue regions is known on the maps .IMO and ICAO have jointly developed the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual ( IAMSAR Manual ) to assist states in meeting their SAR obligations . Volume Ⅰdeals with Organization and Management , Volume Ⅱwith Mission co-ordination and Volume Ⅲwith Mobile Facilities , ships are required to carry Volume Ⅲunder regulation Ⅴ/ 21 of SOLAS .●GMDSS : Global Maritime Distress and Safety System●IMO : the International Maritime Organization●SAR : Safety Analysis Report●ICAO : the International Civil Aviation Organization●IAMSAR Manual : the International Aeronautical and Maritime Searchand Rescue ManualTranslation:搜寻救助在1998年和2004年再度修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》对规范、协调海上搜寻救助服务进行了调整。

GMDSS术语

船舶通信技术教程：AAIC：对外账务结算机构识别代码AIS：Automatic identification system 船舶自动识别系统ARQ：Automatic repetition request 自动请求重发CES：coast earth station海岸地球站EPIRB：应急无线电示位标MES：移动地球站EGC：增强群呼IMN：国际移动卫星系统移动站识别码IMO：国际海事组织NBDP：窄带直接印字，自动电报NAVTEX：使用NBDP的CFEC方式向船舶播发MSI的国际协调系统RCC：搜救协调中心SES：船舶地球站SSAS：船舶保安报警系统DSC：数字选择性呼叫系统GMDSS：全球海上遇险与安全系统1、取消EPIRB误报警：①从无线电信号书285卷查的所在海域的RCC 联系方式②用Inmarsat-B站，C站或者F站、或者地面通信系统设备与所在海域的RCC 联系，取消406MHZ EPIRB发出的报警信号。

2、取消C站误报警：①从无线电信号书285卷查的所在海域的RCC联系方式②经由传送误报警的地面站向有关RCC 发送取消假报警电文，TO:RCC;FM:船名，呼号;this is **,position,cancel my Inmarsat-Cdistress alert of DATE,TIME UTC; MASTER;3、取消F站误报警：①从无线电信号书285卷查的所在海域的RCC的电话号码②直接打电话通知RCC操作员：this isa false alert, plese cancelit.4、A1海区定义：至少在一个VHF海岸电台的通信范围内，在其海区使用VHF DSC 能实现船到岸遇险报警。

（20-50海里范围）5、A1A2A3A4应配备的设备和必备设备：VHF(DSC),EPIRB,NAVTEX,SART(500,2,1),双向VHF(500,3,1).必备：A1:VHF(DSC)A2: VHF(DSC), MF(DSC)A3: VHF(DSC),MF/HF(DSC)或C站A4: VHF(DSC),MF/HF(DSC)6、C站业务：遇险报警，遇险通信，电传通信，电子邮件，数据信息传输，EGC7、C站关机应注意的问题：检查有无收发的信息，退网8、F站业务：遇险报警，遇险和安全通信，电话，电子邮件，G4传真，数据传输（MPDS,ISDN）9、GMDSS组成和分类：①国际移动卫星通信系统（INMARSAT,Cospas-sarsat）②地面通信系统（组合电台，VHF）③定位寻位系统④海上安全信息播发系统10、DSC地面通信遇险安全通信频率：VHFChannal 70；MF2187.5khz;HF44207.5khz;HF66312.5khz ;HF88414.5khz;HF1212577.0khz ;HF1616804.5khz11、船-岸无线电话一般通信步骤：①选择合适的岸台②确定最佳工作频率③设置组合电台④呼叫与回答⑤正式通信⑥通信结束以及通信登记12、VHF70,16,06,13频道的作用：①70：156.525MHZ,VHF DSC遇险呼叫，紧急呼叫，安全呼叫和常规呼叫信道②16：156.8，用于遇险呼叫，遇险通信，紧急通信，以及简短的安全信息播发③06：156.3，用于船舶电台和从事协调搜救作业的航空器电台之间的通信，还用于冰封季节航空器电台，破冰船和救助船舶间通信。

论GMDSS通信英语翻译

学术论坛科技创新导报 Science and Technology Innovation Herald 242G M D S S 通信英语，作为专门用途英语（E n g l i s h f o r S p e c i a l P u r p o s e , E SP），具有自身的语言特点和专业知识背景。

通信英语属于科技英语的范畴，翻译时不仅不能误解原文的意思，还要善于运用专业化的术语表达。

了解GMDSS通信英语特点及翻译方法，对于从事航海运输的人员十分重要。

本文将从GMDSS通信英语词汇、句法结构以及专业背景三个方面对GMDSS通信英语翻译进行分析。

1 GMDSS通信英语词汇特点及其翻译G M D S S 通信英语中包含了大量的科技英语词汇，这些词除了具有英语的一般汉语意思外，还对应着通信技术中的专业含义，例如：“communication”一词，可以译为“交流、沟通”，而在大多语境中都表示“通信”，如“on-scene communication （现场通信）”、“t y p e o f s u b s e q u e n t c o m m u n i c a t i o n （后续通信方式）”、“t e r r e s t r i a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n （地面通信）”。

在这些词汇中，更多的跟别的词组合，表达一种通信技术或者设备。

例如：“integrated battery （集成电路电池）”、“i n i t i a l d i s t r e s s a l e r t （初始遇险报警）”、“l o c a t i n g s i g n a l （寻位信号）”等。

另外，GM D SS通信英语词汇中的缩略语应用也非常多，如“ITU （International Te l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ，国际电信联盟）”、“E G C （e n h a n c e d g r o u p c a l l i n g，增强寻呼）”、“NBD P （na r r ow b a n d d i r e c t p r i n t i n g t e l e g r a p h ，窄带直接印字电报）”、“D S C （d i g i t a l s e l e c t i ve c a l l i n g，数字选择性呼叫）”等，这些缩略语使用方便的同时也带来了很多理解的困惑，如果不了解其所包含意思，将会对句子甚至文章的翻译带来困难。

GMDSS英语题库403道加中文翻译

《GMDSS通信英语》理论复习题单选题(每题1分,共403题)1、_____ means the finding of ships, aircraft, units or persons in distress.A、shore-based radar assistanceB、locatingC、search and rescueD、salvage参考答案：B_____是指船舶，航空器，单位或遇险人员发现。

A，岸基雷达援助B，定位C，搜索和救援D, 打捞2、_____ will form the basis for distress alerting and safety calling.A、GMDSSB、EGCC、MSID、DSC参考答案：D______将提醒遇险和安全呼叫的基础上形成的。

A，GMDSS B，EGC C，微星D, DSC3、______ are used for distress alerting as a rule .A、SES/DSC/EPIRBB、SART/radiotelephoneC、COSPAS-SARSATD、both a and c参考答案：A，______是用于遇险报警作为一个规则。

A，SES/ DSC / EPIRB B，SART /无线电话C,COSPAS-SARSAT系统，D, 同时A和C4、A digital calling system used to call ships and coast stations using frequencies in the MF, HF or VHF bands, as is defined by CCIR recommendations 493 and 541, is a ______ .A、DSC systemB、EGCC、Terrestrial RadioD、Alerting information参考答案：A，数字电话系统，用来调用船舶和海岸电台在MF，HF或VHF频段使用频率，定义和CCIR建议493和541，是______。

GMDSS as a Data Communication Network for E-Navigation

GMDSS as a Data Communication Network for E-NavigationK. Korcz Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, PolandABSTRACT: In paper the functional requirements and the radiocommunication services of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) in respect of the E- Navigation has been described. Some aspects of the improvement of GMDSS equipment and the utilization of the improved GMDSS as a data communication network for E-Navigation has been presented. The items relating to technical improvement of the GMDSS which should be considered as one of the discussion on the strategy plan of E-Navigation was given.1 INTRODUCTIONFor realizing the full potential of E-navigation, the following three fundamental elements should be in place:.1 Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) coverage ofall navigational areas;.2 a robust electronic position-fixing system (withredundancy); and .3 an agreed infrastructure of communications tolink ship and shore.It is envisaged that a data communication network will be one of the most important parts of the E-Navigation strategy plan.In order to realize efficient and effective process of data communication for E-Navigation system, the existing radio communication equipment on board (GMDSS), as well as new radio communication systems should be recognized.2 REVIEW OF GMDSS In 1988, the Conference of Contracting Govern-ments to the 1974 SOLAS Convention on the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) adopted amendments to the 1974 SOLAS Conven-tion concerning radiocommunications for theGMDSS. These amendments entered into forceon 1 February 1992.The basic concept of the GMDSS is that search and rescue authorities ashore, as well as shipping inthe immediate vicinity of the ship in distress, will be rapidly alerted to a distress incident so they can assist in a coordinated search and rescue operation with the minimum delay. The system also provides for urgency and safety communications and the promulgation of maritime safety information (MSI). 2.1 Functional requirementsThe GMDSS lays down nine principal communi-cations functions which all ships, while at sea, need to be able to perform: 1) transmitting ship-to-shore distress alerts by at least two separate and independent means, each using a different radiocommunication service; 2) r eceiving shore-to-ship distress alerts; 3) transmitting and receiving ship-to-ship distress alerts;4) transmitting and receiving search and rescue co-ordinating communication;5) transmitting and receiving on-scene communica-tion; 6) transmitting and receiving signals for locating;7) ransmitting and receiving maritime safety infor-mation; 8) transmitting and receiving general radio-communication from shorebased radio systems ornetworks; 9)t ransmitting and receiving bridge-to-bridge communication.3432.2Radiocommunication servicesThe following radio services are provided for the GMDSS (Fig. 1):−DSC - Digital Selective Calling;−INMARSAT Satellite System;−SATEPIRB - SATellite Emergency Position Indicating RadioBeacon;−SARTs - Search And Rescue Transponders;−NAVTEX System;−NBDP - Narrow Band Direct Printing;−RTF - Radiotelephony;−DMC - Distress Message Control;−navigational equipment (for support).Other elements of GMDSS to be showed in Fig. 1 mean as follows:−CES - INMARSAT Coast Earth Stadion;−SES - INMARSAT Ship Earth Station;−LUT - COSPAS/SARSAT Local User Terminal; −RCC - Rescue Coordination Centre.Fig. 1. Radio services of GMDSSAs a potential data communication elements for E-Navigation following GMDSS radio services should be recognized: DSC, INMARSAT, NBDP and NAVTEX.2.3DSC specificationDigital selective calling (DSC) is designed for automatic station calling and distress alerting. Each call consists of a packet of a digitized information. DSC calls can be routed to all stations, to an individual station or to a group of stations.The system is used by ship and coast stations in the MF, HF and VHF maritime communication bands.The system is a synchronous system using characters composed from a ten bit error-detecting code. The first seven bits are information bits. The last three bits are used for error-detection. Each character is sent twice but separated in time and a message check character added at the end of the call.The classes of emission, frequency shifts and modulation rates are as follows:•F1B or J2B 170 Hz and 100 Bd for use on MF and HF channels. When frequency-shift keying iseffected by applying audio signals to the input ofsingle-sideband transmitters (J2B), the centre ofthe audio-frequency spectrum offered to thetransmitter is 1700 Hz.•Frequency modulation with a pre-emphasis of6 dB/octave (phase modulation) with frequency-shift of the modulating sub-carrier (G2B) for useon VHF channels; the modulation rate is 1200Bd; frequency-shift is between 1300 Hz and 2100Hz, the sub-carrier being at 1700 Hz.Technical characteristics and operational proceduresfor the use of DSC equipment are described in the following documents:−Recommendation ITU-R M.493 ‘Digital selective calling system for use in the Maritime MobileService’.−Recommendation ITU-R M.541 ‘Operational procedures for the use of digital selective-calling(DSC) equipment in the Maritime MobileService’.2.4INMARSAT specificationAt present Inmarsat system provides not only a range of services and equipment types to cover GMDSS requirements.Inmarsat A provides two-way direct-dial phone connection as well as fax, telex and data services at rates between 9.6kbps up to 64kbps. Inmarsat A services will cease to be supported on December 31, 2007.Inmarsat B was first maritime digital service, launched in 1993, and remains a core service for the maritime industry. It supports global voice, telex, fax and data at speeds from 9.6kbps to 64kbps, as well as GMDSS - compliant distress and safety functions. Inmarsat B is recommended for the anyof the following applications:•Data transfer•Internet•E-mail•Fax•SMS text•Voice•Crew calling•Encryption344•Videoconferencing•Remote monitoring•Weather updates•Telemedicine•GMDSSInmarsat C is one of the most flexible mobile satellite message communication systems, it has the ability to handle commercial, operational and personal messages just as easily as distress and safety communications.It offers two-way, store-and-forward packet data communication via a lightweight, low-cost terminal. Inmarsat C is recommended for the any of the following applications:•E-mail and messaging•Fax and telex•SMS text•Remote monitoring•Tracking•Chart and weather updates•Maritime safety information•GMDSS•SafetyNET and FleetNETInmarsat Fleet service provides both ocean-going and coastal vessels with comprehensive voice, fax and data communications. At present the Fleet range of services includes:•Fleet 77•Fleet 55•Fleet 33Inmarsat Fleet's high-quality Mobile ISDN and cost-effective IP-based Mobile Packet Data Services offer unparallel connectivity for access to e-mail and the Internet, weather updates, video conferencing and vessel monitoring systems.Fleet 33 offers global voice as well as fax and a choice of data communications at up to 9.6kbps.Fleet 55 offers global voice and high-speed fax and data services at up to 64kbps.Fleet 77 is Inmarsat's most advanced maritime service, providing global voice and high-speed fax and data services at up to 128kbps. It fully supports the GMDSS and includes advanced features such as emergency call prioritization, as stipulated by IMO Resolution A888 (21). Fleet F77 also helps meet the requirements of the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) code, which enables the cost-effective transfer of electronic notices of arrival, crew lists, certificates and records.Inmarsat Fleet series are recommended for the applications showed in Table 1.2.5NBDP specificationThe Narrow Band Direct Printing – NBDP (radiotelex) systems employs error correction in the form of ARQ (Automatic Retransmissions Request) and FEC (Forward Error Correction). The technical details of the error correction are defined by the ITU-R in Recommendation M.476 and the Reco-mmendation M.625. Radiotelex is also known as Telex Over Radio (TOR).Table 1. Applications of Inmarsat Fleet seriesFleet33Fleet55Fleet77Datatransfer + + + Internet + + +E-mail andmessaging+ + +Fax + + +SMStext + + +Voice + + +Crewcalling + + + Encryption ––+ Videoconferencing – – + Remotemonitoring + + + Weatherupdates + + + Telemedicine + + + GMDSS functions – – +Teleprinters of the (international) telex networks use CCITT ITA-2 code (International Telegraph Alphabet Code) for communications. Each keyboard character is transformed to a five-element code of constant duration. This code is able to provide 32 combinations only but the use of the 'shift' key enables a further 26 combinations to be available. ITA-2 code has no error detection or correction possibilities. For that reason direct mode of telex communication with ITA-2 code is seldom used.The CCIR recommended code is a 7-unit synchronous code. This code is able to provide 128 combinations but it uses only those bit combinations having a ratio of 3 Mark bits to 4 Space bits to represent valid characters. There are 35 of the 3/4 ratio combinations, allowing all 32 ITA-2 characters to be represented. Each of the five-unit ITA-2 characters is converted to 7-unit code. The reco-mmended code needs no start or stop bits because it is synchronous. No error-detecting parity is required because the Mark/Space ratio is constant. This allows efficient transmission of messages, since all character bits are used to determine the character.The characteristics of ARQ communication can be summarized as follows:•it practically guarantees error-free data, assuming reception is possible at all;•automatic exchange of identities guarantees connection with the requested station, also after rephasing conditions;•communication is possible between only two stations at a time;•this gives some limited protection against unauthorised eavesdropping;345•the receiving station must have an operating transmitter.The primary characteristics of FEC are folowing: • a message may be transmitted to several receiving stations simultaneously.•it does not require transmitters at the receiving stations;•there is no acknowledgement of transmissions; •there is no active error correction;•there is no protection against eavesdropping.2.6NAVTEX specificationInternational NAVTEX (NAVigational TelEX) service means the co-ordinated broadcast and automatic reception on the frequency 518 kHz of maritime safety information (MSI) by means of Narrow Band Direct Printing (NBDP-FEC) tele-graphy. The operational and technical characteristics of the NAVTEX system are contained in Reco-mmendation ITU-R M.540. Performance standards for shipborne narrow-band direct-printing equipment are laid down in IMO Assembly resolution A.525(13).The principal features of NAVTEX service are as follows:•the service uses a single frequency (518 kHz) on which coast stations transmit information in English on a time-sharing basis to prevent mutual interference; all necessary information is contained in each transmission;•the power of each coast station transmitter is regulated so as to avoid the possibility of interfe-rence between coast stations; Navtex trans-missions provide a range of about 250 to 400 nautical miles;•dedicated Navtex receivers are used on the board of the ships; they have the ability to select messages to be printed, according to a technical code (B1B2B3B4) which appears in the preamble of each message.3GMDSS ELEMENTS AS A DATACOMMUNICATION SERVICES3.1Present situationAt present, taking into account above consideration, the only GMDSS element which can be recognized as a data communication system is Inmarsat, in particular Fleet 77 and future FleetBroadband services.Because Fleet F77 is IP compatible, it supports an extensive range of commercially available off-the-shelf software, as well as specialized maritime and business applications. Fleet F77 also ensures cost-effective communications by offering the choice of Mobile ISDN or MPDS channels at speeds of up to 128kbps.Mobile ISDN is best suited for applications where data throughput and speed are important, including:•videoconferencing;•store-and-forward video;•video streaming;•large data file transfer, including FTP and digital images;•high quality digital voice;•secure voice and data communications;•electronic chart downloads;•anti-virus updates.MPDS is more suitable for interactive, short-burst data and web-based applications, such as:•e-mail;•Internet and private network access;•instant messaging;•universal messaging, including SMS;•office/management software applications•‘thin client’ applications;•electronic chart downloads;•real-time online weather/oceanographic infor-mation;•vessel telemetry, SCADA and technical support applications;•telemedicine.FleetBroadband is Inmarsat's next generation of maritime services delivered via the Inmarsat-4 satellites. It is currently planned to be commercially available in the second half of 2007. The service is designed to provide the way forward for cost-effective, high-speed data and voice communi-cations (Table 2). The proposed FleetBroadband service will provide:•simultaneous voice and data functionality; •standard IP with speeds of up to 432kbps (contended service);•ISDN at 64kbps;•streaming data up to 256kbps.Table 2. FleetBroadband performance capabilities_____________________________________________FB250 FB500_____________________________________________DataStandard IP Up to 284kbps Up to 432kbpsStreaming IP 32, 64, 128kbps 32, 64, 128, 256kbpsISDN – 64kbpsVoice 4kbps and digital 3.1kHz audioFax Group 3 fax via 3.1kHz audioSMS Standard 3G (up to 160 characters)AntennaDiameter from 25cm 57cmHeight from 28cm 68cmWeight from 2.5kg 18kg_____________________________________________346Users will have the choice of two products (FB250 and FB500). Both will use stabilised, directional antennas, which will vary in size and weight. The above deck antennas will be smaller than existing Fleet products used today. The whole system is designed specifically for the marine environment and will be rigorously tested to Inmarsat’s exacting standards.FleetBroadband supports an extensive range of commercially available, off-the-shelf software, as well as specialised user applications. It is ideal for: •Email and webmail•Real-time electronic chart and weather updates •Remote company intranet and internet access •Secure communications•Large file transfer•Crew communications•Vessel/engine telemetry•SMS and instant messaging •Videoconferencing•Store and forward video3.2General commentsThe above considered GMDSS equipment (Fig. 1) like Inmarsat system can be also used as a way of data communication for the E-Navigation system, provided that the GMDSS MF, HF and VHF equipment is technically improved by means of: •digitization of the analogue communication MF, HF and VHF channels;•application of high-speed channel to GMDSS; •utilization of SDR (Software Defined Radio) technology;•adaptation of IP (Internet Protocol) technology to GMDSS;•integration of user interface of GMDSS equipment;and•any other proper technology for GMDSS improvement.This technical improvement of GMDSS equipment may means the potential replacement of the conven-tional equipment by virtual one. In this approach to development of E-Navigation it is very important that the integrity of GMDSS must not be jeopardized.With respect to the communication aspects required for E-navigation, the following should be taking into account as well:•autonomous acquisition and mode switching; •common messaging format; •sufficiently robust;•adequate security (e.g. encryption);•sufficient bandwidth (data capacity);•growth potential;•automated report generation;•global coverage (could be achieved with more than one technology); and•the use of a single language, perhaps with other languages permitted as options.CONCLUSIONSThe improved GMDSS equipment can be an effective way to increase the reliability of E-Navigation data communication network.This goal can be achieved as the result of the work on two items:•technical improvement of GMDSS equip-ment taking into account the above chapter 3.2; and •utilization of technically improved GMDSS equipment as a data communication network for E-Navigation.During this work it is necessary to first identify user requirements and secondly, that the deve-lopment of E-navigation should not be driven by technical requirements. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that man-machine-interface and the human element will be taken into account including the training of personnel.The lessons learnt from the development and operation of GMDSS and AIS should be taken into account in the development of E-Navigation as well.In consideration on GMDSS as a Data Communi-cation Network for E-Navigation the sea area A1,A2, A3 and A4 should be also recognized.REFERENCESCzajkowski J., Bojarski P., Bober R., Jatkiewicz P., Greczycho J., Kaszuba F. & Korcz K. 2000. System GMDSS regulaminy,procedury i obsługa, Wydawnictwo …Skryba” Sp. z o.o.,Gdańsk.Czajkowski J. & Korcz K. 2000. The Problem of Generating False Alert Signals with Help of Digital Selective Calling-DSC in the GMDSS System. International WrocławSymposium on Electromagnetic Compatybility – EMC2000, Wrocław.Korcz K. 1995. Przepisy radiokomunikacyjne w morskiej służbie ruchomej. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane WyższejSzkoły Morskiej, Gdynia.Sub-Committee on Radiocommunications, Search and Rescue- COMSAR11. 2007. Report to the Maritime SafetyCommittee (MSC), International Maritime Organization(IMO), London.347。

GMDSS 常用术语

1 IMO, International Maritime Organization. 国际海事组织2 INMARSAT, International Maritime Satellite Organization. 国际海事卫星组织3 GMDSS, Global Maritime Distress and Safety System.全球海上遇险和安全系统4 1974SOLAS, Convention International Convention for the Safety of life at Sea.1974年国际海上人命安全公约5 SAR Convention, International Convention for maritime search and rescue.国际海上搜寻救助公约6 STCW, international convention on standard of training certification and watchkeeping for seafares,1978. 1978年国际海员培训、发证和值班标准公约7 Contracting Government. 缔约国政府8 GMDSS areas. 全球海上遇险和安全系统区域9 area A1 A1海区area A2 A2海区areaA3 A3海区areaA4 A4海区10 ship carriage requirements 船舶配备要求11 diatress alerting 遇险报警12 SAR co-ordinating communications 搜救协调通信13 on-scene communications 现场通信14 on-scene commander 现场指挥15 positioning 示位16 locating 寻位17 MSI maritime safety information 海上安全信息18 general radio communications 常规无线电通信19 bridge-to-bridge communication 驾驶台对驾驶台通信20 DOE, duplication of equipment 双套设备方法21 UTC, Co-ordinated universal time 世界协调时22 ship reporting system 船舶报告系统23 continuous watch 连续值守24 space radio communication 空间无线电通信25 space system 空间系统26 satellite system 卫星系统27 satellite network 卫星网略28 satellite link 卫星链路29 muliti-satellite link 多卫星链路30 feeder link 馈线链路31 geostationary satellite 静止卫星32 geostationary satellite orbit 静止卫星轨道33 INMARSAT system, international maritime satellite system 国际海事卫星系统INMARSAT –A system 国际海事卫星A系统INMARSAT –B system 国际海事卫星B系统INMARSAT –C system 国际海事卫星C系统INMARSAT –E system 国际海事卫星E系统34 L-band EPIRB L-波段卫星紧急无线电示位标EPIRB, emergency position-indicating radio beacon.35 EGC system, enhanced group call system 增强群呼系统36 Ocean regions 洋区37 AOR-E, Atlantic Ocean Region east. 大西洋东区AOR-W, Atlantic ocean region west, 大西洋西区POR, pacific ocean region, 太平洋区IOR, indian ocean region 印度洋区38 space segment 空间段39 NCS, network co-ordination station , 网络协调站40 NCC, network control centre , 网络控制中心41 earth station 地球站42 space station 空间站43 land earth station,LES 陆地地球站44 coast earth station, CES 海岸地球站45 mobile earth station, MES 移动地球站46 ship earth station, SES 船舶地球站47 inmarsat mobile number, IMN 国际海事卫星移动号码48 maritime distress channel 海上遇险信道49 distress priority 遇险优先级50 urgency priority 紧急优先级51 safety priority 安全优先级52 routine priority 日常优先级53 MES signalling channel移动地球站信令信道54 MES message channel移动地球站信息信道55 closed network 闭合网络56 public switching telephone network, PSTN 公众电话交换网57 packet swithing data network, PSDN 分组数据交换网58 data report 数据报告59 data circuit terminating equipment, DCE 数据线路终端60 data terminal equipment,DTE 数据终端设备61 enhanced group call service code, EGC service code 增强群呼业务码62 mobile earth station status, MES status 移动地球站状态62 open network 开放网络63 packet switching 分组交换64 PVT, performance verification test 性能验证测试65 Polling 轮询66 Signalling packet 信号分组67 SFU, store and forward unit 存储转发单元68 EGC receiver 增强群呼接收机69 EGC decoder 增强群呼译码器70 EDI, electronic data interchange 电子数据交换71 Handshake 交接72 space system for search of distress vessels (COSPAS) 搜索遇险船舶空间系统73 SARSAT search and rescue satellite-aided tracking 卫星搜救跟踪系统COSPAS-SARSAT system 低级轨道搜救卫星系统74 SPOC. SAR point of contact 搜救联络点75 Service area 服务区76 system information 系统信息77 alert data, 报警数据78 filtered alert data, 报警数据滤除79 time of approach, TCA 最接近点时间80 beacon identification data, 示位标识别数据81 coded information, 编码信息82 emergency locator transmitter,ELT 紧急示位发信机83 realtime mode 实时方式84 全球覆盖方式global coverage mode85 信标检测概率beacon detection probability86 信标定位概率beacon location probability87 地面无线电通信terrestrial radio communications88 地面通信系统terrestrial communication systems, [tə'restrɪəl]89 地面通信网络terrestrial communication networks90 海上无线电话marine radiotelephone91 单边带无线电话single-side band radiotelephone, SSB RT92 窄带直接印字电报narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy, NBDP93 数字选择呼叫digital selective calling, DSC数字选择呼叫系统digital selective calling system, DSC system国际数字选择呼叫（DSC）频率international DSC frequencies国内数字选择呼叫（DSC）频率national DSC frequencies94船舶电台数字选择呼叫自动操作automatic DSC operation at a ship station95 呼叫尝试call attempt96 搜救雷达应答器search and rescue radar transponder ,SART97 中频通信medium frequency communication. MF communication高频通信high frequency communication. HF communication甚高频通信very high frequency communication. VHF communication98 普遍呼叫general call to all stations99 无线电导航radio navigation100 无线电定位radiolocation101 电台station102 地面电台terrestrial station103 救生艇（筏）电台survival craft station104 移动电台mobile station105 陆地电台land station106 基地电台base station107 海岸电台coast station108 船舶电台ship station109 船上通信电台on-board communication station110 港口电台port station111 无线电导航陆地电台radio navigation land station112 无线电导航移动电台radio navigation mobile station113 无线电定位陆地电台radio location land station114 无线电定位移动电台radio location mobile station115 无线电测向电台radio direction-finding station116 无线电信标电台radio beacon station117 标准频率和时间信号电台standard frequency and time signal station118 双向甚高频无线电话设备two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus119 甚高频紧急无线电示位标VHF emergency position indicating radiobeacon, VHF EPIRB120 对讲电话机intercommunication telephone set121 数据电话机data phone122 气象传真接收机weather facsimile receiver123 甚高频无线电装置VHF radio installations124 前向纠错方式forward error correcting mode, FEC mode125 选择前向纠错方式selective forward error correcting mode, SELFEC mode 126 指配频率assigned frequency127 成对频率paired frequencies128 指配频带assigned frequency band129 有害干扰harmful interference遇险和安全通信130 遇险和安全通信distress and safety communications131 遇险信号distress signal132 遇险优先呼叫distress priority call133 遇险呼叫distress call134 遇险呼叫格式distress call format135 数字选择呼叫遇险报警DSC distress alerts136 船到岸遇险报警ship-to-shore distress alerting岸到船遇险报警shore-to-ship distress alerting船到船遇险报警ship-to-ship distress alerting137 遇险报警转发distress alert relay138 遇险收妥承认distress acknowledgement139 遇险优先申请信息distress-priority request message140 遇险报告distress message141 遇险通信distress communication142 遇险信道distress channel143 紧急信号urgency signal144 紧急呼叫urgency call145 紧急报告urgency message146 紧急通信程序urgency communication procedure147 紧急通信urgency communication148 安全信号safety signal149 航警电传系统navigational telex NA VTEX国际奈伏泰斯业务international NA VTEX service国内奈伏泰斯业务national NA VTEX service奈伏泰斯优先电文NA VTEX priority message奈伏泰斯紧急警告NA VTEX VITAL warning奈伏泰斯重要警告NA VTEX IMPORTANT warning奈伏泰斯日常警告NA VTEX ROUTINE warning150 航行警告navigational warning N/W151 世界航行警告业务world-wide navigational warning service WWNWS 152 航行警告区域协调国NA V AREA co-ordinator153 国内协调人national co-ordinator154 航行警告区NA V AREA155 航行警告区警告NA V AREA warning156 沿海警告coastal warning157 本地警告local warning158 气象警告meteorological warning气象预报meteorological forecast159 冰况报告ice report160 国际冰况巡视报告international ice patrol bulletin161 公海海上安全信息high seas maritime safety information162 卫星转发海上安全信息maritime safety information via satellite163 航行安全通信navigation safety communications164 航行警告信号navigational warning signal165 搜救区search and rescue region. SRR166 救助协调中心rescue co-ordination center RCC167 海上救助协调中心maritime rescue co-ordination center MRCC168 联合救助协调中心associated rescue co-ordination center169 救助分中心rescue sub-centre RSC170 海上搜救计划maritime SAR plan171 移动单元mobile unit172 搜救单元search and rescue unit SAR unit173 现场通信管制control of on-scene communications174 寻位信号locating signal引航信号homing signal175 主管部门administration176 公众通信public correspondence177 电信telecommunication178 无线电通信telecommunication179 无线电通信radiocommunication180 无线电通信业务radiocommunication service181 移动业务mobile service182 卫星移动业务mobile-satellite service183 水上移动业务maritime mobile service184 卫星水上移动业务maritime mobile-satellite service185 港口营运业务port operation service186 船舶动态业务ship movement service187 广播业务broadcasting service188 卫星广播业务broadcasting-satellite service189 极轨道卫星业务polar orbiting satellite service190 无线电测定业务radiodetermination service191 卫星无线电测定业务radiodetermination-satellite service192 无线电导航业务radionavigation service193 卫星无线电导航业务radionavigation-satellite service194 海上无线电导航业务maritime radionavigation service195 卫星海上无线电导航业务maritime radionavigation-satellite service196 无线电定位业务radio location service197 气象辅助业务meteorological aids service198 卫星气象业务meteorological-satellite service199 Standard frequency and time signal service 标准频率和时间信号业务200 Standard frequency and time signal service 卫星标准频率和时间信号业务201 safety service 安全业务202 special service 特别业务203 temporary radio beacon service 临时无线电信标业务204 frequency-shift telegraphy 移频电报205 FAX. facsimile 传真206 telephony 电话技术207 radiotelephone call 无线电话通信208 radio telex call 无线电用户电报通信209 radiotelex service 无线电用户电报业务210 simplex operation 单工操作211 duplex operation 双工操作212 semi-duplex operation 半双工操作213 space tracking 空间跟踪214 ship radio license 船舶无线电执照215 call sign 电台呼号216 radio log 无线电台日志217 MMSI maritime mobile service identies 海上移动业务识别218 MID maritime identification digit 海上识别数字219 ship station identity 船舶电台识别220 group ship station call identity 海岸电台群呼识别221 coast station identity 海岸电台识别222 group coast station call identity 海岸电台群呼识别223 identification of stations using radiotelephony 无线电话电台识别224 EPIRB identification 紧急无线电示位标识别225 SELCALL NO. selective calling number 选择呼叫号码226 RO. routing organization 执行机构227 safetyNET 安全通信网228 international safetyNET service 国际安全通信网业务229 national safetyNET service 国内安全通信网业务230 fleetNET 船队通信网231 geostationary satellite service 静止卫星业务232 electronic mall 电子邮件233 station call 叫号电话234 personal call 叫人电话235 date communication 数据通信236 general communication channels 常规通信信道237 LL land-line charge 陆线费238 CC coast station charge 海岸费239 SC special charge 特别业务费240 medical advice by radio 无线电医疗指导241 medical transports 医疗运输242 plain language 明语243 secret language 密语。

GMDSS英语阅读翻译

1.此通知你我们的ARPA雷达已经无法工作。

Now we advise you that our ARPA radar has not been able to work.2.卫星船站电话质量差，有噪音。

The communication quality of the SES telephone to satellite is poor, there is noise in it.3.经你岸站到巴拿马的电传费是多少？What are the telex charges to Panama via your CES?4.通信已被切断，你是否再重新接通线路。

The call has been cut off, whether you reconnect it for me?5.你要的电传号码有错，请查实。

The telex number you required is incorrect, please check and confirm.6.当用VHF数字选呼开始呼叫时，显示出“发射错误”。

“SEND ERROR” is displayed, when a call is initialed with VHF DSC.7.请告诉我打到东京电话的费用和时间好吗？Could you tell me the charges and duration of the telephone to TOKYO?8.你与被叫用户处于通信状态中。

You are in communication with the called user.9.我轮请求紧急医疗援助。

I require urgent medical assistance.10.国际海事卫星C船站终端打印机故障。

The Inmarsat-C SES terminal printer was out of order.11.停止发送，等待进一步的指示。

Please stop sending, wait for further advice.12.遇险船的位置在哪里？What is the position of the vessel in distress?13.卫星船站的接收电平不稳定。

GMDSS英语翻译

1. In accordance with the recommendations of WARC-MOB 87,IMO is developing a GMDSS Master Plane of coast station and coast earth station provided by Governments and co-ordinating schedules of broadcasts of MSI to avoid mutual interference in the NAVTEX,INMARSAT Safety NET and HF MSI systems.根据IMO87决议要求各国政府建立中用以协调MSI广播时间的GMDSS 岸台基站和海岸电台要求避免与NAVTEX,IMMARSAT 和HF MSI 系统产生干扰。

2. This single operation,a push of the “distress button”,provides automatic,direct and assured connection to a competent rescue authority,thereby avoiding eliminating possible human error 只要按一下“distress button”按钮就能自动直接链接至救助中心机构，因此需要尽可能避免人为失误（去触动）3. STAREC(船舶状态记录仪)is a maritime emergency reporting system to be used by sea-going vessels in order to report emergency events.STAREC是海事应急报告系统用于船舶海上航行时报告紧急事件4. ZCZCNAVAERA XI WARNINGNANAREA XI 0500NORTH PACIFIC,OKINOTORI SIMANO FURTHER ASSISTANCE REQUESTED ABOUT DISTRESS SIGNALCANCEL 499/98 AND THIS MSGNNNN4：是NAVTEX发布的气象航行警告宣布取消航行警告的声明5. Any authority or element of SAR organization having reason to believe that a vessel is in a state of emergency should give as soon as possible all available information to the RCC or rescue sub-center concerned.任何SAR组织的机构和分支当确认船舶出于紧急危险状态情况下需要尽可能把所有可用信息递交给RCC或者直属机构。

GMDSS通信英语完整题库

第一部英语听力习题1.Utopia Forward Station. This is Utopia Bridge. Single up forward to head line and breastline.Utopia船首台，我是驾驶台，请单绑，只剩头缆和横缆。

2.Utopia Aft Station. This is Utopia Bridge. Single up aft to breast line and stern buoy line.Utopia船尾台，我是船首台，请单绑，只剩横缆和尾浮筒系缆。

3.Utopia Aft Station. Take tug’s towing line to capstan then make fast on starboard quarter.Utopia船尾台，请把拖轮拖缆带上绞缆机并在右舿挽牢。

4.Oredock Pilot. This is Huanghe. My draught forward 10.2m, aft 11.0m, fresh waterallowance 200 millimeters.Oredock引航员，我是黄河轮，我船首吃水为10，2米，尾吃水为11米，淡水限额为200毫米5.Gargantua. This is Utopia. Visibility is expected to decrease to 200m in four hours.Gargantua，我是Utopia，预计四小时后能见度将下降到200米。

6.Euphoria. This is Red Sea. Visibility at Diexieville is 500 meters. It is expected to increaseto 1500 meters in the next two hours.Euphoria，我是Red Sea，在Diexieville处的能见度为500米，预计两小时后将增加到1500米。

GMDSS常用缩写

IMO international maritime organization 国际海事组织contracting government 缔约国政府GMDSS: global maritime distress and safety system全球海上遇险和安全系统distress alert 遇险报警locating 寻位positioning 示位UTC: co-ordinated universal time世界协调时SART: search and rescue radar transponder 搜救雷达应答器SAR co-ordinating communications搜救协调通信RCC: rescue co-ordination center 救助协调中心bridge-to-bridge communication驾驶台对驾驶台通信MSI: maritime safety information海上安全信息AMVER: automated mutual-assistance vessel rescue system商船自动互救系统（美国）S- EPIRB: satellite emergency position indicating radio beacon卫星紧急无线电示位标VHF: very high frequency甚高频MF: medium frequency 中频HF: high frequency高频NA VTEX: navigational telex 航行电传DSC: digital selective calling数字选择呼叫CCIR：consultative committee of international radio geostationary satellite 静止卫星INMARSAT: international maritime satellite organization国际海事卫星组织EGC enhanced group calling 增强群呼系统ITU: the international telecommunication unionW ARC: world administrative radio conferenceGOC: general operator’s certificate 通用操作员NOC: network operation Centre网络操作中心AOR-W: Atlantic ocean region west 大西洋西区AOR-E: Atlantic ocean region east 大西洋东区IOR: Indian ocean region 印度洋区POR: pacific ocean region 太平洋区space segment 空间段NCC network control center网络控制中心(教材NOC network operations center )NCS: network co ordination station 网络协调站earth station 地球站CES: coast earth station海岸地球站SES: ship earth station 船舶地球站MES: mobile earth station移动地球站，船舶地球站LMES: land mobile earth station陆地移动地球站AES: aircraft earth stations 飞机地球站IMN: INMARSAT mobile number 国际海事卫星移动号码maritime distress channel 海上遇险信道distress /urgency /safety /routine priority遇险优先级/紧急优先级/安全优先级/日常优先级ADE: above deck equipment舱外设备，甲板上设备BDE: below deck equipment舱内设备，甲板下设备DTE: data terminal equipment 数据终端设备WX: weather fax 气象传真机COSPAS: space system for search of distress vessel搜寻遇险船舶空间系统SARSAT: search and rescue satellite-aided tracking卫星搜救跟踪系统COSPAS SARSAT system低极轨道搜救卫星系统terrestrial communication system地面通信系统SSB RT: single side band radiotelephone 单边带无线电话NBDP : narrow band direct printing 窄带直接打印forward error correcting mode 前向纠错方式distress signal (由MAYDAY词语组成的信号) 遇险信号urgency signal(PANPAN字样组成的信号)紧急信号safety signal（securite）安全信号simplex operation 单工操作duplex operation 双工操作NA V AREA : navigation area 航警区域ETO: electro-technical officerSCADA: supervisory control and data acquisition数据采集与监控系统PSDN: public switched data networkPSTN: public switched telephone networkISDN: integrated services digital network 综合业务数字网RTCM: radio technical commission for maritime service SPC: stored program controlNOAA: national oceanic and atmospheric administration FM: frequency modulationWLC: wired logic controlROM: read-only memoryCCIR: Consultative Committee of International Radio国际无线电咨询委员会CCR: cargo control roomMCC: Mission Control Center。

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垫 ≥ Ｑ：
ＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙＩｎｎ０ｖ喜ｔ；０ｎＨｅｒａ￣ｌｄ
学术论坛
论ＧＭＤＳ８通德蒸语翻译
索瞎蜂（福建船政交通职业举院福建福州３５ｏ日ｏ７》摘要：针对学习者在ＧＭＤ￥Ｓ通信英语通到汉英互译的相关问题，该文以ＧＭＤｓｓ通信蔫语为切Ｉ蕊，从词汇和由沽结构两个方面分析ＧＭＤｓｓ通
将与１６频道同时值守的频道。例句４：ＤｏｎｏｔｒｅＰｅａｔｎｏｔｏｖｅｒｔａｋｅ．（选自Ⅸ 标准航海用语》概述）译文：不要，重复不要追越。
ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ（后续通信方式）。ｔｅｒｒｅｓｔｒｉａ１ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏ１３（地面通信） ” 。在这些词汇中，更多的跟别的词组合。表达一种通信技术或者设备。例如： “ ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｂａｔｔｅｒｙ（集成电路电池） ” 、 “ ｉｎｉｔｉａｌｄｉｓｔｒｅｓｓａｌｅｒｔ（初始遇险报警） ” 、“ ｌｏｃａｔｉｎｇｓｌｇｎ￣｝（寻位信号） ”
信英语的翻译技巧，以期为专业英语翻译提供借鉴。
关键词：ＧＭＤＳＳ通信
文献标识码：Ａ
文章编号：１６７４ — ０９８Ｘ（２０１３）０８（ａ）一０２４２一Ｏｌ
１ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语词汇特点及其翻译
ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语中包含了大量的科
技英语词汇，这些词除了具有英语的一股汉语意思外，还对应着通信技术中的专业含义，例如：“ ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ” 一词可以译为 “ 交流沟通” ，而在大多语境中都表示 “ 通信 ” ，如 “ ｏｎ－ｓｃｅｎｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ（现场通信） ” 、“ ｔｙｐｅｏｆｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔ
才能准确的理解这使句是通信设备说明书、ＧＭＤｓｓ通信英语，作为专门用途英专业知识和翻译技巧，操作过程、注意事语（ＥｎｇｌｉｓｈｆｏｒＳｐｅｃｉａｌＰｕｒｐｏｓｅ。些词汇的含义。项等资料中常用的句型。从事此类翻译时，译者应该根据原文的意思，意译成符合汉ＥＳＰ），具有自身的语言特点和专业知识背景。通信英语属干科技英语的范畴，翻译２表达既要清晰又要符合说明ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语句法特点及其翻译语习惯的句子，时不仅不能误解原文的意思．还要善于运与其他科技英语相似，ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英文的文体特点。用专业化的术语表达。了解ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语具有辣强的专业性和严密性，例句２：Ｐｒｅｓｓｔｈｅ（ＭＥＮＵ）ｋｅＹｔｏ因此，在翻ｐｅｎｔｈｅｍａｉｎｍｅｎｕ．（选自Ⅸ ＧＭＤＳＳ语特点及翻译方法，对于从事航海运输的译时必须做到结构严谨，措辞准确，掌握ｏＰ１５４）人员十分重要。本文将从ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语ＧＭＤ § § 通信英语的句法特点，并灵活的运英语阅读》词汇、句法结构以及专业背景三个方面对用翻译摸巧，译文：按 “ ＭＥＮｕ” 键打开主菜单。对于ＧＭＤＳｓ通信英语翻译是ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语翻译进行分析。例句３：Ｓｅｌｅｃｔｔｈｅｃｈａｎｎｅｌｙｏｕ非常重慕的。本文将椿句子结构和习惯用法
两个方面，分析ＧＭＩ）ＳＳ通信蔑语句法结构特点在翻译中的应用。２，＇长句复合句的使用长句是ＧＭＤＳＳ通信英语中较常出现的句子类型，尤其在相关的国际公约、规则以及通信技术工作原理陈述中运用较多。长句的特点是词汇多、结构复杂，学习者在翻译时首先要理顺句子结构，然后按照汉语的语言习惯进行组合，才能保证理解无误、翻
译准确。
ｗａｎｔｔｏｗａｔｃｈａｌｏｎｇｗｉｔｈＣＨ１６ｂｙ
ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇｔｈｅＣＨＡＮＮＥＬｃｏｎｔｒｏ１．（选自《ＧＭＤＳＳ英语阅读》Ｐ１ｌ０）译文：通过 “ ＣＨＡＮＮＥＬ，＇控制板选择