2020-2021年 阅读理解(人生百味)复习巩固专讲专练(章末复习+综合测评+答案)经典

2020-2021年阅读理解（人生百味）复习巩固专讲专练(章末复习+综合测评+
答案)经典
一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读理解
This afternoon, when I was looking for a self-improvement（自我修养） book, I found an aged folder（文件夹）.In this folder, there were some of the examination papers I'd taken during my pre-university days. They were on economics（经济学）, a subject that I didn't really like much then.
I laughed at the silly mistakes I made as I looked through the papers. And memories of the past came to my mind. I saw myself sitting at one of the study tables, working hard for some of my life goals. Back then, it was popular for most students to set life goals, because they thought it was most important.
It was during those times that I first started to set goals for myself. I didn't know much about goal setting then. I didn't use any goal tracking（跟踪） tools, either. All I knew was that I had to go to university. There was no other way that I could give myself. To go through my lecture（演讲） notes, I didn't take breaks. For more revision with my classmates, I stayed back late. One time, I missed the school lock-out hours and I had to climb school gates in order to leave. It was perhaps this attitude（态度） that ignited my decision to go through what I had to do to get this far.
Yes, it may have been hard. But the sweet taste of victory experienced at the point of receiving my final results was so wonderful that I would never forget it for the rest of my life.
I closed the folder and dropped it into the dustbin（垃圾箱）in the room. It's time to get kicking with my next goal. And by writing this, I know I'm getting closer.
（1）When the author（作者）looked through the papers in the folder, he .
A. looked for a self-improvement book
B. laughed at the silly mistakes he made
C. dropped it into the dustbin right away
D. sat at the table and set life goals again
（2）When the author first started to get goals for himself, he .
A. didn't need to enter university
B. didn't use any goal tracking tools
C. was sure that he would win the victory
D. learned a lot from a self-improvement book （3）Why did the author stay back late after school?
A. To be prepared to enter university.
B. To learn more about goal setting.
C. To make his teacher pay attention to him.
D. To get the chance of climbing school gates.（4）The underlined word “ignited” means in the passage.
A. reduced（减少）
B. balanced（平衡）
C. questioned
D. raised
（5）What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph?
A. He regularly（规律地） tidies his room.
B. He's not quite good at goal setting
C. He is ready for the next goal.
D. He hated those papers in the folder.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过与读者分享自己的高中生活的回忆，告诉我们人生是由一个一个的目标组成的，我们要尽全力朝着自己确定的目标前进。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”I laughed at the silly mistakes I made as I looked through the papers.“可知，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”It was durin g those times that I first started to set goals for myself. I didn't know much about goal setting then. I didn't use any goal tracking（跟踪）tools, either“可知。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”All I knew was that I had to go to university. There was no other way that I could give myself.“可知，作者放学后很晚回家的目的是努力学习，考入大学。

故选A。

（4）考查词义猜测。

”It was perhaps this attitude（态度）that ignited my decision to go through what I had to do to get this far.“或许是这种态度是我下决心做出现在的成就。

所给选项中D项与该词词义相近。

故选D。

（5）考查判断推理。

根据最后一段中的”It's time to get kicking with my next goal. And by writing this, I know I'm getting closer“可知，作者已经为下一个目标做好了准备。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

C
In the old times, there was a king. He had a very beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a tree with golden apples on it. But one day, one of the apples was missing. The king decided to order a person to keep watching the tree at night.
The king had three sons. He decided to send the eldest one to watch the tree. But in the middle of the night, the eldest son fell asleep. The next morning, another apple was missing.
The second night, the king sent the second eldest son. But the second eldest son also fell asleep at midnight. And another apple was missing the next morning.
The third night, the king sent his youngest son. The youngest son kept watching the tree. At twelve o'clock, he saw a bird. It was a golden bird. It picked an apple and flew away, but it left a golden feather. The youngest son picked it up, and the next morning, he took it to the king. He told his father what he had seen at night.
Hearing this, the king was very happy. He ordered his youngest son to guard the tree every night. He wanted him to catch the bird. However, in the end, they couldn't catch the bird and all the golden apples on the tree were taken away by the golden bird.
（1）Before the third night, how many apples have been missing?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
（2）What can we know from Paragraph 4?
A. It was a bird that stole the apples.
B. The youngest son fell asleep at twelve o'clock.
C. The youngest son tried to catch the golden bird but failed.
D. The king asked the youngest son to bring the golden feather to him.
（3）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The king was very angry with the bird.
B. The youngest son was very busy every night.
C. The king wanted his youngest son to catch the bird.
D. The youngest son didn't catch the bird and lost all of the apples.
（4）What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Don't be lazy when you are working.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. Don't give up the whole forest because of one tree.
D. A bad beginning may cause a bad ending.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：国王发现自己的金苹果树丢了个金苹果，于是派出了自己的三个儿子去看守，前两晚因为两个儿子半夜睡着了，两个苹果丢了，第三晚，最小的儿子发现了是一只金鸟偷了一个苹果，但是也留下了一根金色的羽毛，国王获知后，他想抓住这只鸟，但结果是所有的苹果都被鸟儿带走了。

（1）细节理解题。

第三晚前总共丢失了三个苹果，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

从 It was a golden bird. It picked an apple and flew away可知苹果是金色的鸟儿偷走的，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

从in the end, they couldn't catch the bird and all the golden apples on the tree were taken away by the golden bird.可知选D。

（4）主旨概括题。

国王因为想要金色鸟儿而丢失了树上的所有苹果，得不尝试。

故C“不要因为一棵树而放弃整个森林”。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．阅读理解
Many years ago, I was a very shy girl at my school. I couldn't forget the way I had frozen in front of the class. My hands had shaken so badly that I couldn't read my notes. My voice had become softer eve n to silence. Mr. Roberts had kindly stopped me, “Masha, I know you're shy, but you worked hard on this project. If I give you another chance tomorrow, can you find your courage?
I had nodded. I had kept my head down, hoping that the school day would end soon. When I got home that day, I could see an inviting light from the kitchen windows. Momma was backing. When Momma backed, I always watched and chatted with her. She said it was my company that made her baked goods taste so sweet.
Momma studied my face as I came into the kitchen. “What's wrong, Masha?” Tears shone in my eyes. I let the whole story out. Momma was silent for a moment. Then she said, “Let me show you something.”I followed Momma to her bedroom and carefully took out a blue ribbon th at said “First Place” from it.
“I started the school year as the shyest girl on the speech team, but I ended the year as the blue ribbon winner. I won it for public speaking. It wasn't easy—I was not sure of myself at all. I worked hard, and mostly I faced my fears. You just need to find your courage.”
That was the second time someone had told me that. I followed Momma back to the kitchen. What was it that made me so afraid? Soon Momma's sweet cake rose in the pans, and the smell of it comforted me as I wondered where I would find my courage. Momma put a thick piece in front of me. “ There's nothing better for heartache than Momma's love baked in a cake.”
I raised a forkful of warm cake to my mouth. All the fear in the world could not take away Momma's love. I felt safe in Momma's kitchen. It was warm from the bottom of the heart.
The next day I walked to the front of the classroom to give my presentation again. As I faced the class, I remember the ribbon and the smell of Momma's kitchen and then took a deep breath and began to speak with confidence. Finally I succeeded.
（1）Why was Masha unhappy that day?
A. She was not good with her classmates.
B. Her teacher criticized her.
C. She didn't perform well in front of the class.
D. She failed in an exam.
（2）How many times had people told Masha she need find courage?
A. Once
B. Twice
C. Third times
D. Many times
（3）________ help Masha find her courage.
A. Momma's blue ribbon
B. Momma's cake
C. Mr. Roberts
D. Momma's love （4）What's the best title of this passage?
A. My mother and I
B. I found my courage again
C. My shyness
D. The blue ribbon and the cake made by Momma
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了一个害羞的小女孩在一个报告会上很紧张，表现得很不好，在妈妈的帮助和鼓舞下被母爱感受，最终找到了面对困难的勇气，在第二次挑战中取得了成功。

（1）C 推断题。

由I couldn't forget the way I had frozen in front of the class. My hands had shaken so badly that I couldn't read my notes. My voice had become softer even to silence.可知她在报告会中及其紧张，像被冻住了一样，双手颤抖甚至说不出话。

显而易见，她在报告会上表现得不好。

由I had kept my head down, hoping that the school day would end soon. Tears shone in my eyes. I let the whole story out.她低着头，希望这一天赶紧过去，回家后还哭了告诉了妈妈整件事。

由此可见她是因为在课堂上表现不好而不开心。

故选C。

（2）B 细节理解题。

由第一段老师说的can you find your courage和第四段妈妈说的You just need to find your courage.可以看出共有两次。

由第四段That was the second time someone had told me that. 也可以看出共有两次。

故选B。

（3）D推断题。

由There's nothing better for heartache than Momma's love baked in a cake. All the fear in the world could not take away Momma's love.可知她认为治疗心病最有效的是蛋糕背后蕴含着的母爱，母爱能够战胜所以恐惧。

所以很明显帮助她找到勇气的是母爱而不是蛋糕或者其他东西，故选D。

（4）B 主旨大意题。

文章多次提到了勇气第一段can you find your courage？第四段You just need to find your courage.the smell of it comforted me as I wondered where I would find my courage由此可见，找到勇气是文章的一条主线，引出了妈妈，是母爱让她找到了勇气，升华了主题。

用其他题目都不能很好地概括文章，没有画龙点睛的效果，故选B。

【点评】这是一篇记叙文，同时里面也有作者的一些观点。

文章以一个害羞的小女孩找到了勇气为为线索，证明了母爱的伟大，升华了主题。

做题时应该兼顾全文，从全文中推断出答案，而不能只看一句话，要通观全文。

主旨大意题要能够看到作者要表达的内在意思，不能只看到文章的字面意思。

4．阅读理解
I am Wilson. My sister and I spent our summer holidays with our uncle this year. He is a geologist （地质学家） and loves to collect stones.
One day, he bought us two backpacks and asked us to go to the mountain with him. We walked the whole day. Every now and then he put stones in our backpacks. To our surprise, he also took some stones out from them. But we thought he had just found better stones.
When we returned to the house, we were very tired. The backpacks were so heavy that we felt great relief （轻松） when we took them off. Yet our uncle's backpack was half empty.
“Why did you give us so many stones?” we asked.
“I didn't. You did,” he said. “You didn't know it, but I gave you a little attitude test today. I listened to every word you said. Whenever you were complaining, I added a stone to your
backpacks. Whenever you talked about something with positive thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpacks.”
Our backpacks were full of stones.
“Your negative thoughts are just like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpacks. The more negative thoughts you have, the heavier your mind will be,” said our uncle.
With great love, our uncle taught us one of the most important lessons in life — the power of the attitude.
（1）Where did Wilson's uncle ask Wilson and his sister to go?
A. To the mountain.
B. To the seaside.
C. To the countryside.
D. To the forest.（2）What did Wilson think when his uncle took out some stones from his backpack?
A. He thought he said too many words on the way.
B. He thought his uncle had found better stones.
C. He thought his uncle wanted him to feel relaxed.
D. He thought he had talked about something positive.
（3）What does the underlined word “them” refer t o in the passage?
A. The stones.
B. The backpacks.
C. The positive thoughts.
D. The negative thoughts.（4）What can we know from the passage?
A. Wilson and his sister complained too much on the way.
B. Wilson and his sister did a great job for their uncle.
C. Wilson and his sister enjoyed collecting stones very much.
D. Wilson and his sister chose wrong backpacks to carry the stones.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】短文讲述了叔叔带作者和妹妹去山上捡石头的故事，通过这次捡石头事件，作者学到了积极态度的意义。

（1）细节理解题。

从One day, he bought us two backpacks and asked us to go to the mountain with him.可知他们是去山上，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

从To our surprise, he also took some stones out from them. But we thought he had just found better stones.可知选B。

（3）词义推测题。

结合句意可知them在此处指的是消极的思想，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。

从Our backpacks were full of stones.可知他们的背包里装满了石头，也就是他们抱怨了太多，故选A。

【点评】和考查对篇章的把握对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

5．根据内容，判断下列句子正误。

On a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said, "Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading?"
The father didn't reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry coal. He said, "Get some water from the river with the basket and then I'll tell you the answer."
The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked （漏掉） from the basket.
An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible to hold water with the basket. The father said with a smile. "Yes, you are right, my son. The basket can't hold water. But did you notice the basket was different?" The son found the dirty basket had become clean. The father continued, "Reading is like holding water with the basket. Although we can't remember all we read, we have changed while reading."
（1）The father was used to reading in the morning.
（2）The son wondered if reading was good for him.
（3）The father didn't answer his son's question because he thought it was stupid.
（4）The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river.
（5）From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】主要讲了父亲是怎样教育儿子读书的好处的。

（1）细节题。

根据The father always got up early and read books by the stove.可知父亲总是早起在炉子旁边读书，故填正确。

（2）细节题。

根据Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading?可知儿子问父亲读书的好处是什么，即想知道读书是否有好处，故填正确。

（3）细节题。

根据后文可知父亲通过用篮子取水的事情回答儿子的问题，故填错误。

（4）细节题。

根据The son found the dirty basket had become clean可知儿子发现脏的篮子取水后变得干净，故填错误。

（5）细节题。

根据全文可知读书可以对人产生作用，故填正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解
（B）
To be honest, I enjoy music a lot and Tejano music is my favorite．Tejano music was born in Texas．Although it has influences from Mexico and some other Latin American countries，the
main influence is from America．
Like most music around the world，Tejano music mixes many different styles．It combines （结合）folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．
I prefer to listen to Tejano music because it makes me feel good．I enjoy dancing to it，
too．It's so easy that there is no rule for my friends who want to join me．Some of my classmates also like Tejano music．It is popular with young people．
I also love other kinds of music．I listen to rock when I'm happy．My favorite rock band is Creed because they sing a lot about their lives and express how they feel in their songs．They sing about their past experiences，their feelings and the way they want their lives to change．I also like heavy metal music．Metallica is my favorite heavy metal band．I usually listen to their music when I am upset．It tells me that．whatever difficulties I meet in life，I must try hard to
get the things I want and I should never give up．
Music influences us all in different ways．What type of music do you like?
（1）What's the writer's favorite music?
A. Rock music
B. Soft music
C. Tejano music
D. Folk music
（2）How many kinds of music does the Tejano music combine?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Two
D. Five
（3）When the writer is happy，he／she listens to ．
A. Tejano music
B. rock
C. heavy metal music
D. country music （4）Which is the writer's favorite heavy metal band?
A. Metallica
B. Creed
C. Maroon 5
D. the Beatles
（5）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Tejano music is so difficult because there are lots of rules．
B. Tejano music is popular with old people．
C. Tejano music has influences from Mexico and America．
D. Tejano music combines（结合）folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了他喜欢的几种音乐：德克萨斯乐，摇滚乐和重金属音乐。

德克萨斯乐来源于德克萨斯州，尽管它的影响来源于墨西哥和其它拉丁美洲国家，但是最主要的影响是来自美洲。

像世界大多数的音乐一样，德克萨斯乐是有很多音乐形式合成的，它结合了民间音乐，乡村音乐，摇滚乐和布鲁斯。

我喜欢听德克萨斯乐是因为它让我感觉良好。

它很受年轻人的喜爱。

我还喜欢摇滚乐，我最喜欢的摇滚阅读是Greed.我也喜欢重金属音乐。

音乐用不同的方式影响着我们的生活。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文中第一句话To be honest, I enjoy music a lot and Tejano music is my favorite．可知我最喜欢的音乐是Tejano music，故答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文第二段中句子Tejano music mixes many different styles．It combines（结合）folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．可知Tejano music 结合了folk，country，rock and blues四种音乐形式。

故答案为B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第四段第二句话I listen to rock when I'm happy．可知作者高兴的时候听摇滚音乐。

故答案为B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第四段中的句子I also like heavy metal music．Metallica is my favorite heavy metal band．可知作者最喜欢的重金属摇滚乐队是Metallica 。

故答案选 A。

（5）综合判断题。

根据前三段中对德克萨斯乐的介绍内容，由句子Although it has influences from Mexico and some other Latin American countries，the main influence is from America．答案C错误；由句子It is popular with young people．可知答案B错误；由句子It's so easy that there is no rule for my friends who want to join me．可知答案A错误；由句子It combines（结合）folk，country，rock and a bit of the blues．可知答案D正确，故答案为D。

【点评】细节理解题是考查事实和细节的，大多数是针对文章的细节设计的。

只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。

7．阅读所给材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When the great library of Alexandria burned, the story goes, one book was saved. But it was not a valuable book, and a poor man got it.
The book wasn't very interesting, but between its pages there was something very interesting indeed. It was a thin strip of vellum（羊皮纸）on which was written the secret of the "Touchstone".
The touchstone was a small pebble（鹅卵石）that could turn any common metal into pure gold.
The writing explained that it was lying among thousands and thousands of other pebbles that looked exactly like it. But the secret was this. The real stone would feel warn, while ordinary pebbles are cold.
So the man sold his house, bought a tent, camped on the seashore, and began testing pebbles. He knew that if he picked up normal pebbles and threw them down again because they were cold, he might pick up the same pebbles hundreds of times. So, when he felt one that was cold, he threw it into the sea. He spent a whole day doing this but none of them was the touchstone. Yet he went on and on this way. Pick up a pebble. Cold—throw it into sea. Pick up another. Throw it into the sea. The days stretched into months and the months into years.
One day, however, about midafternoon, he picked up a pebble and it was warm. He threw it into the sea before he realized what he had done. He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it up. So when the one he wanted came along, he still threw it away.
So it is with opportunity（机会）. Unless we are vigilant, it's easy to fail to realize an opportunity when it is in hand and it's just as easy to throw it away.
（1）According to the passage, the touchstone is a stone __________.
A. that you can touch
B. that can turn common metal into pure gold
C. that can bring you thousands of pebbles
D. that can bring you good luck
（2）The man threw the touchstone into the sea because __________________.
A. it was cold
B. it was a normal pebble
C. he was too tired to hold it
D. he had formed a habit
（3）How did the man probably feel when he realized it was the touchstone?
A. Excited.
B. Moved.
C. Interested.
D. Regretted.（4）What's the meaning of the underlined word “vigilant” in the last paragraph?
A. Brave enough.
B. Hard—working enough.
C. Careful enough.
D. Strong enough.（5）What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Opportunity knocks but once.
B. Use it or lose it.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D. Practice makes perfect.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了亚历山大图书馆被烧毁后，一个穷人得到了仅存的一本书，书中介绍到：感觉温暖的鹅卵石可以让普通的金属变成金子。

他开始检测鹅卵石，每次都把凉的鹅卵石扔进大海里，最后他捡到了一颗温暖的鹅卵石，但是因为习惯，他像以前一样把石头扔进大海，最终才发现自己失去了一次机会。

（1）细节题。

根据The touchstone was a small pebble（鹅卵石）that could turn any common metal into pure gold.可知可以让普通的金属变成金子，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it up.可知他习惯于把每一个鹅卵石扔进大海，故选D。

（3）推断题。

根据常识可知他意识到自己把温暖的鹅卵石扔进大海里时肯定感到后悔，regretted，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据后句可知失去机会是容易的，除非我们是仔细的，所以意思是仔细的，认真的，即careful，故选C。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了机会只有一次，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解
As a well﹣known Chinese TV hostess, Dong Qing is now hosting two cultural shows, Chinese Poetry Conference and Readers. The two shows are encouraging people to love traditional culture and find the beauty of life.
Dong was born in a highly educated family in 1973. She had a great love for traditional literature（文学）from an early age. In 2015 when she was about to study in the U.S, Dong received an invitation from the director of Chinese Poetry Conference asking her to be the hostess. Because of her passion for traditional literature, Dong accepted the job.
"The contest interests me very much. Hosting it is a process of learning about poetry and performing," said Dong. To her great joy, the show has become more and more popular.
Under the slogan （口号） "Reading touches people's hearts", the new TV show Readers has become a success. It invites famous guests from all walks of life to read something. Dong works as both hostess and producer.
Readers became a turning point in Dong's 21 years of hosting. She said it brought her "quite a huge challenge".
"There is no shortcut（捷径） in this world. If you want to be a good host, you need to make thorough preparations," said the beautiful hostess. "The charm of life lies in its unknown, so we just have to try and keep going."
（1）What shows is Dong Qing hosting now？
A. Readers.
B. Chinese Poetry Conference.
C. Chinese poetry Conference and Readers.
D. The Voice of China.
（2）Where did Dong Qing decide to study in 2015？
A. In France.
B. In England.
C. In Japan.
D. In America.
（3）What does Dong Qing do at present？
A. An actress.
B. A singer.
C. A hostess.
D. A hostess and producer.（4）The underlined word "passion" in the second paragraph probably means "great ".
A. love
B. joy
C. surprise
D. pride
（5）What's the best title（题目）for the text？
A. Find the Beauty of Life
B. How to Be a Successful TV Hostess
C. Reading Touches People's Hearts
D. Dong Qing-a Talented Lady
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了董卿主持的《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》鼓励人们喜爱传统文化和发现生活中的美。

（1）细节题。

根据Dong Qing is now hosting two cultural shows, Chinese Poetry Conference and Readers.可知董卿主持了《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据In 2015 when she was about to study in the U.S可知决定去美国学习，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据Dong works as both hostess and producer.可知董卿是主持人和制片人，故选D。

（4）推断题。

根据全文可知诗词大会的目的是鼓励人们喜爱传统文化，所以passion意思是喜爱，故选A。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了董卿主持的《中国诗词大会》和《朗读者》鼓励人们喜爱传统文化和发现生活中的美。

故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解
One day I got in a taxi, and we left for the airport. We were driving in the right lane（车道）when, suddenly, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver stopped his car at once. The tire（轮胎）made a very loud noise, and at the very last moment our car stopped just one inch from the back of the other car.
I was frightened. But then I couldn't believe what happened next. The driver of the other car, the guy who almost caused a big accident, turned his head and started yelling at us. I couldn't believe it! But my taxi driver just smiled at the guy. So I asked, "Why did you just do that? This guy almost sent us to hospital."
This is when my taxi driver taught me what I now call "The Law of the Rubbish Truck. He explained that many people are like rubbish trucks. They run around full of rubbish, full of anger and full of bad feelings. As their rubbish piles（堆积）up, they look for a place to throw it away and sometimes they'll throw it at you. Don't take it personally. Just smile, wish them well, and move on. Don't take their rubbish and spread it to other people at work, at home or on the streets.
Successful people never let rubbish trucks change their moods. Life is too short to wake up in the morning with regrets, so love those who love you and pray（祈祷）for those who don't.（1）Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph?
A. The writer went to the airport by taxi that day.
B. The taxi driver stopped his car in time.
C. The black car jumped out and hit the taxi.
D. The taxi went in the right lane.
（2）Which is the correct order of the events that took place in the story?
a. My taxi driver just smiled at the guy.
b. The driver of the other car shouted at us.
c. A black car suddenly jumped right in front of us.
d. Our taxi nearly hit the other car.
c. My taxi driver taught me the law.
A. e-b-d-a-c
B. b-e-d-c-a
C. c-d-b-a-e
D. a-e-c-d-b
（3）Why did the car driver gel angry so easily?
A. Because he was in a bad mood.
B. Because his car was full of rubbish.
C. Because he was badly hurt by the taxi.
D. Because the taxi hit his car.
（4）From the passage, we know that the taxi driver is .
A. silly but honest
B. wise and friendly
C. helpless and dishonest
D. active but crazy （5）What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. We must fight against people like rubbish trucks.
B. Rubbish trucks can easily change our moods.
C. It's wise to get angry with people like rubbish trucks.
D. Never let rubbish trucks change our moods.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】这篇文章主要讲了，作者从一位出租车司机那些学到了很多。

（1）细节题。

根据 suddenly, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us突然，一辆黑色汽车从我们前面的停车处跳了出来，可知那辆黑色汽车跳出来撞上了出租车是错误的，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据全文描述可知，最开始是一辆黑色汽车从我们前面的停车处跳了出来我们的出租车差点撞到另一辆车，接下来另一辆车的司机冲我们大喊大叫，然而我的出租车司机只是对那家伙微笑，最后我的出租车司机教我法律，故选项C的顺序是正确的，故选C。

（3）推理题。

根据 They run around full of rubbish, full of anger and full of bad feelings. As their rubbish piles（堆积）up, they look for a place to throw it away and sometimes they'll throw it at you. Don't take it personally. Just smile, wish them well, and move on. Don't take their rubbish and spread it to other people at work, at home or on the streets. 可知因为他心情不好，故选A。

（4）推理题。

根据 But my taxi driver just smiled at the guy. 可知作者的司机很理智很友好，故选B。

（5）主旨题。

根据 Successful people never let rubbish trucks change their moods. Life is too short to wake up in the morning with regrets, so love those who love you and pray（祈祷）for those who don't. 可知不要让垃圾车改变我们的心情，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解
We are often asked to make a speech in life. Most of us are afraid of it and don't do a good job. Here are some simple steps to make your speech a successful one. First of all, find out everything you can about your subject and at the same time find out as much as you can about your audience. Who are they? What do they know about your subject? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech. Then try to arrange your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible.
Never forget your audience. Don't talk over their heads or talk down to them. When you are giving your speech, speak slowly and clearly, look at your audience and pause for a few seconds from time to time to give your audience chances to think over what you've said.
Just remember: be prepared, know your subject and your audience, say what you have to say and be yourself so that your ideas will bring you and your audience together.
（1）"Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech."（underlined） means that while preparing your speech, you must _______.
A. put your shoes away and put on theirs
B. try to think in the ways as they do
C. wear the shoes in the same size as theirs
D. try to speak in their words
（2）When the speaker is giving his speech, he should ______.
A. let his eyes rest on the subject
B. speak quickly and loudly
C. face the audience in a right way
D. look up from time to time
（3）What does the underlined word "pause" mean in the passage?
A. Listen
B. Stop
C. Choose
D. Search
（4）Which is the best title of the passage?
A. How to make a good Speech
B. How to pick out the Topic for a speech
C. How to prepare the Material for a Speech
D. How to remember the Audience
（5）In what order should a good speech be arranged?
a. Give your audience chances to think over what you've said.
b. Find out as much as you can about your audience.
c. Try to arrange your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow.
d. Find out everything you can about your subject.
e. Speak slowly and clearly, look at your audience.
A. d, b, c, e, a
B. b, d, e, a, c
C. b, a, d, c, e
D. e, b, a, d, c
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文针对如何提高你的演讲给出几点建议。