中考英语专项复习(形容词和副词)

中考英语专项复习（形容词和副词）
1．形容词
用来修饰名词，表示名词的属性，一般放在所修饰的名词之前，在句中可作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

例：He is a good boy．（作定语）
I am very glad to see you．（作表语）
We keep our rooms clean and tidy．（作宾语补足语）
1）形容词的位置问题。

①单个形容词作定语修饰名词时，通常放在所修饰的名词前，但修饰something等复合不定
代词时要放在这些词后面。

例如：Is there anything interesting in the new book?
②多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序如下：
限定词（数词，形容词性物主代词等）+ 一般描绘性的+ 表示大小形状的+ 表示性质的+ 表示色彩的+ 表示长幼、新旧的+ 表示国籍、地区、出处的+ 表示物质、材料的+ 表示用途、类别的+ 被修饰的名词
口诀：美小圆旧黄，中国木书房
例如：a big quiet white old British wooden house
注意：一般说来，关系最密切的最靠近被修饰的名词，关系较远的离被修饰的名词也较远些。

2）关于“级”的问题。

英语形容词的级分为原级、比较级、最高级。

英语形容词的本来形式称为原级；表示“更……”意义的形式称为比较级；表示“最……”意义的形式称)最高级。

①级的构成
形容词的比较级和最高级的构成有规则变化和不规则变化。

规则变化规则如下：
比较级：形容词+后缀er more + 形容词（多音节）
最高级：形容词+后缀est most + 形容词（多音节）
原级比较级最高级
tall taller tallest
nice nicer nicest
happy happier happiest
thin thinner thinnest
interesting more interesting most interesting
delicious more delicious most delicious
不规则的则需特别记忆，如：
原级比较级最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
little less least
bad worse worst
far farther/further farthest/furthest
③“级”在句中的用法。

1) 原级的用法。

表示两人或物在某种形式上一致或一样，其结构是：主语+ be + as +形容词的
原级+ as + 比较部分
例如：Jim is as tall as Tom. (Jim isn’t as tall as Tom.)
2) 比较级用法。

用于二者的比较，其结构是：主语+be + 形容词比较级+ than + 比较部分
例如：He is older than you．
There are more workers in this factory than those in that factory．
3) 最高级用法。

用于三者或三者以上的比较，其结构是：
主语+ be + the + 形容词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句。

表示范围时常用到介词in和of，其中in后接表示集体的名词；of后接表示数量范围的名词。

例如：Jim is the tallest in his class．
Beijing is the most beautiful city in the world．
2．副词
副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

副词分为：时间副词、地点副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、频度副词和说明性副词。

副词主要用作状语。

例：It is raining hard．She is out．
1) 副词的位置问题。

①修饰动词时有三种位置。

在句子基本结构之后：Finish your homework first．
在句子基本结构之前；There he comes．
在助动词、情态动词之后，在其他动词之前。

例如：Is the shop still open?
I shall never forget that day．
②修饰形容词和副词时，须放在被修饰词之前。

例如：It is a rather difficult job．
She runs very fast．
注意：always放在单个be动词之后，单个实义动词之前；
enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时常放在被修饰词之后。

多个副词同时出现时词序通常为：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词
例如：He spoke well in the meeting in our school yesterday.
2）关于副词的“级”的问题。

副词的“级”与形容词的“级”的形式变化完全相同，但以词尾ly结尾的副词(early一词的1y不是词尾)须用more和most。

要注意well、badly为不规则变化。

原级比较级最高级
well better best
badly worse worst
副词比较级的用法与形容词比较级相似。

例如：You speak English better than me．
副词最高级用法，除副词前可以不用the外(用the也可以)，其余与形容词最高级相同。

例如：He swims the best in Class One．
典型错误解析：
1．注意比较对象。

①Miss Green's pronunciation(发音) is worse than Mr. Green．
[解析]Mr. Green →Mr. Green's。

在进行比较时，被比较的双方应是平行对等的、一致的，不可将人与物相比较。

②Students in Class One study harder than that in Class Two．
[解析]that→those。

比较对象应为students。

在比较状语从句中，可由those来代替(单数则由that来代替)主句中的名词。

2．than前后的谓语形式要保持统一。

①She looks more beautiful than she does years ago．
[解析]does→did。

此句为主语本身现在与过去的比较。

从句中有years ago作时间状语，因此，从句应为一般过去时，由did来代替looked。

②I am taller than all of them is．
[解析]is→are。

主、从句都为一般现在时的主、系表结构，该从句主语为all，故用are。

3．注意比较等级中冠词的运用。

①Shanghai is the bigger than any other city in China．
[解析)the bigger→bigger。

一般情况下，比较级不能与定冠词连用。

②This book is better of the two．
[解析)better→the better。

比较级与of the two短语连用，须加定冠词，因此时比较级已名词化了。

4．注意比较级中的修饰语。

①This story is quite more interesting than that one．
I解析]quite more →much more。

虽然有more构成比较等级，但quite是不能修饰比较级的。

注意常用来修饰比较级的词语有：much，rather，very much (单用very是绝不可与比较级连用的)，a lot，a little，no，any等。

quite只能用来修饰表示身体好转的better。

②There're much more students than those in Class Three．
[解析]much→many。

复数名词有more时，可用many来加重语气。

形容词和副词练习
( )1. Shanghai is one of ________ cities in our country.
A. large
B. larger
C. the largest
D. largest
( )2. July and August are the ________ months in a year.
A. hot
B. hotter
C. hottest
D. hotest
( )3. My uncle is ________ that my father.
A. old
B. more old
C. oldest
D. older
( )4. He learns Russian ________.
A. good
B. nice
C. well
D. fine
( )5. Jane is ________ of the two sisters.
A. young
B. the youngest
C. the younger
D. younger
( )6. Jack doesn’t jump so ________ as his brother.
A. high
B. higher
C. highest
D. more higher
( )7. Which subject do you like ________, English or Chinese?
A. best
B. better
C. well
D. very much
( )8. This picture is ________ than that one.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful
C. most beautiful
D. the more beautiful
( )9. Which is ________, the sun, the moon or the earth?
A. big
B. bigger
C. biggest
D. the biggest
( )10. Of all the stars, the sun is ________ to the earth.
A. near
B. nearer
C. nearest
D. the nearest
( )11. The Huanghe River isn’t as ________ as the Changjiang River.
A. long
B. longer
C. longest
D. more long
( )12. Of all the students in our class, Kate writes ________.
A. very carefully
B. the most carefully
C. more carefully
D. the most careful
( )13. I don’t feel very ________ today.
A. good
B. well
C. nice
D. better
( )14. This box is ________ than that one.
A. heavy
B. more heavy
C. heavyer
D. heavier
( )15. This question is ________ than that one.
A. easy
B. easier
C. easyer
D. more easier
( )16. Mike doesn’t write as ________ as Mary.
A. careful
B. carefully
C. more carefully
D. more careful ( )17. She speaks English ________ than any other student in her class.
A. well
B. best
C. better
D. good
( )18. There are ________ students in their class than in ours.
A. many
B. much
C. a lot of
D. more
( )19. This pig is ________ than that one.
A. fat
B. fater
C. fatter
D. fattest
( )20. He is two years ________ than I .
A. young
B. younger
C. youngest
D. the youngest ( )21. Which is ________, the moon or the earth?
A. big
B. bigger
C. biggest
D. the biggest ( )22. I spend a lot ________ time on English than before.
A. much
B. more
C. most
D. many
( )23. Which do you like ________, water, tea or milk?
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. very much
( )24. He was too tired to go any ________.
A. far
B. farther
C. farthest
D. farer
( )25. Among the three boys he works ________.
A. hard
B. harder
C. the hardest
D. most hard ( )26. John doesn’t speak so ________ as Jack.
A. fast
B. faster
C. fastest
D. the fastest
( )27. We can’t hear you. Please speak a little ________.
A. loud
B. louder
C. loudest
D. loudly
( )28. You can jump ________ on the moon than on the earth.
A. high
B. very high
C. much high
D. much higher ( )29. May I keep the book ________ ?
A. a little long
B. little longer
C. a little longer
D. longest ( )30. Mike draws ________ than Tom and John.
A. slowly
B. slowlier
C. more slowly
D. most slowly。