An Overview of Coilia ectenes in Jiangsu Section of the Yangtze River
含氮有机液体储放氢催化体系研究进展
化工进展Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress2023 年第 42 卷第 12 期含氮有机液体储放氢催化体系研究进展李佳豪1，杨锦2，潘伦1，钟勇斌2，王志敏2，王锦生2，张香文1，邹吉军1（1 天津大学化工学院，绿色合成与转化教育部重点实验室，天津 300072；2 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司，四川 成都 610000）摘要：氢能源作为重要的二次能源，能量密度大、环境友好且用途广泛，是人类战略能源发展的重要方向。
然而，氢气储运仍面临较大的成本和安全难题，有机液体储氢化合物（LOHCs ）储放氢技术以其储氢密度较高、储存条件温和、运输方便等优势成为氢气储运可供选择的技术之一。
相比稠环芳烃类化合物，含氮有机储氢化合物具有更温和的催化加氢和脱氢条件，可有效提高储放氢鲁棒性和反应能效。
基于此，本文系统综述了含氮有机储氢化合物加氢及脱氢反应研究进展，阐述了两类反应的路径和催化作用机制，从催化剂活性中心和载体、双金属协同效应、反应条件、催化剂稳定性等方面系统分析了加氢/脱氢催化剂，并详细总结了基于连串反应、反应网络等模型的反应动力学。
介绍了含氮有机储氢化合物储氢技术目前面临的挑战并提出未来的研究思路及展望。
但是该技术仍存在较多问题，应在有机储氢化合物配方体系、储放氢连续反应系统、催化剂设计与制备、催化剂构效关系、精准反应动力学和全面理化性质数据库等方面进行深入研究。
关键词：氢；含氮有机液体储氢化合物；反应机理；催化剂；反应动力学中图分类号：TK91 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-6613（2023）12-6325-20Research progress in catalytic system for hydrogen storage and releasefrom nitrogen-containing liquid organic carriersLI Jiahao 1，YANG Jin 2，PAN Lun 1，ZHONG Yongbin 2，WANG Zhimin 2，WANG Jinsheng 2，ZHANG Xiangwen 1，ZOU Jijun 1(1 Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering andTechnology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2 DongFang Boiler Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China)Abstract: As an important secondary energy, hydrogen is of high energy density, environmental friendliness and wide use, which is an important direction of human strategic energy development. However,hydrogen storage and transportation are still facing problems of high cost and safety. The hydrogen storage and release technology based on liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) has become one of the available technologies with its advantages of relatively high hydrogen storage density, mild storage conditions and convenient transportation. Compared with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing LOHCs is milder in catalytic hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, which can effectively improve the robustness of hydrogen storage and release and the reaction efficiency. Based on this, this paper systematically reviewed综述与专论DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0089收稿日期：2023-01-19；修改稿日期：2023-04-11。
溶液结晶过程强化
化工进展Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress2024 年第 43 卷第 1 期溶液结晶过程强化冯瑶光1，陈奎1，赵佳伟1，王娜1，王霆1，黄欣1，周丽娜1，郝红勋1，2（1 天津大学化工学院，国家工业结晶工程技术研究中心 天津 300072；2 天津化学化工协同创新中心，天津 300072）摘要：溶液结晶是化学工业中最重要的产品分离、纯化和功能化技术之一，广泛应用于医药、食品、精细化工等领域。
溶液结晶中晶体的成核和生长过程将决定最终晶体产品的晶型、晶习、粒度、纯度等关键质量指标。
因此，对溶液结晶过程，尤其是晶体成核和生长过程进行强化既有利于提高过程效率，也有助于满足晶体产品不同的性能需求。
本文围绕晶体成核和生长强化这一关键问题，从受限空间、物理场、添加剂和模板剂等方面系统综述了溶液结晶中的过程强化策略。
探讨了各种过程强化策略的优点和局限性，并总结了溶液结晶过程强化策略的主要研究重点和发展前景。
关键词：结晶；成核；生长；粒度分布；过程强化中图分类号：TQ026.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-6613（2024）01-0087-13Process intensification of solution crystallizationFENG Yaoguang 1，CHEN Kui 1，ZHAO Jiawei 1，WANG Na 1，WANG Ting 1，HUANG Xin 1，ZHOU Lina 1，HAO Hongxun 1，2(1 National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering andTechnology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; 2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science andEngineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China)Abstract: Solution crystallization is one of the most important product separation, purification and functionalization techniques in chemical industry, which is widely used in pharmaceutical, food, fine chemicals and other fields. The nucleation and growth process of crystals in solution crystallization willdetermine the key physicochemical properties such as crystal form, crystal habit, particle size and purity of the final crystal products. Therefore, process intensification of solution crystallization, especially crystal nucleation and growth process, can help to improve the process efficiency and meet the different performance requirements of crystal products. In this paper, process intensification strategies fornucleation and crystal growth in solution crystallization are systematically reviewed, including the technologies of confined space, physical fields, additives and template agents. The advantages and limitations of various process intensification strategies are discussed, and the main research focuses and development prospects of solution crystallization process intensification strategies are summarized.Keywords: crystallization; nucleation; growth; particle size distribution; process intensification特约评述DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1146收稿日期：2023-07-09；修改稿日期：2023-08-17。
助溶剂法生长碳化硅晶体
助溶剂法生长碳化硅晶体英文回答：Growing silicon carbide crystals using the solvent-assisted method is a common technique in crystal growth research. This method involves the use of a solvent to enhance the solubility of the silicon and carbon precursors, allowing for the controlled growth of high-quality crystals.In this process, a solvent is chosen that has a high solubility for both the silicon and carbon precursors. Common solvents used include toluene, xylene, and acetone. The solvent is then mixed with the precursors, such as silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) and a carbon source like propane or acetylene.The solvent-assisted method offers several advantages over other crystal growth techniques. Firstly, it allowsfor better control over the crystal growth process,resulting in higher quality crystals with fewer defects.The solvent acts as a buffer, preventing the formation of impurities and ensuring the crystal grows in a controlled manner.Additionally, the solvent-assisted method enables the growth of larger crystals compared to other methods. The enhanced solubility provided by the solvent allows for the incorporation of more silicon and carbon atoms into the crystal lattice, leading to larger crystal sizes.To illustrate this, let's consider an analogy. Imagine you are baking a cake. The solvent in this case is like the cake batter, which helps to dissolve and evenly distribute the ingredients (silicon and carbon precursors) throughout the mixture. Without the batter, the ingredients may clump together or not mix properly, resulting in an uneven and poorly formed cake (crystal).Now, let's move on to the 中文回答：助溶剂法生长碳化硅晶体是晶体生长研究中常用的技术。
温州南部海域重要经济物种体内重金
类和鱼类中 Ｐｂ 和 Ｃｄ 的浓缩系数均小于 １０３ ，未显现出生物积累危害，Ｃｕ 浓缩系数均大于 １０３ ，但它属于生命必需元素，对海洋生物体和
人类消费者是安全的。
关键词 鱼类；甲壳类；重金属；含量；生态风险；污染水平
数据。
１．１ 样品采样 ２０１９ 年 ３ 月以底拖网方式在温州南部海域
ｌａｂｒａｘ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ）、刀鲚（ Ｃｏｉｌｉａ ｅｃｔｅｎｅｓ）、棘头梅童鱼（ Ｃｏｌｌｉｃｈ⁃
ｔｈｙｓ ｌｕｃｉｄｕｓ）、龙头鱼（Ｈａｒｐａｄｏｎ ｎｅｈｅｒｅｕｓ），甲壳类有脊尾白虾
（Ｅｘｏｐａｌａｅｍｏｎ ｃａｒｉｎｃａｕｄａ）、三疣梭子蟹（ Ｐｏｒｔｕｎｕｓ ｔｒｉｔｕｂｅｒｃｕｌａ⁃
Ｋｅｙ ｗｏｒｄｓ Ｆｉｓｈ；Ｃｒｕｓｔａｃｅａｎｓ；Ｈｅａｖｙ ｍｅｔａｌｓ；Ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ；Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｒｉｓｋ；Ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ ｌｅｖｅｌ
鱼类和甲壳类含有丰富的蛋白质、ｏｍｅｇａ－ ３ 脂肪酸、氨
水平，以期为当地海洋食品安全及海洋污染防治提供基础
要组成部分。 海洋污染会增加水中有毒金属的浓度，对海洋
＜０．２ 为正常背景水平。 Ｃ ｉ 为第 ｉ 项因子的实测浓度；Ｓｉ 为第
ｉ 项因子的评价标准值，采用《 无公害食品 水产品中有毒有
害物质限量》（ＮＹ ５０７３—２００６），各因子标准值见表 １。
图 １ 采样站点分布
Ｆｉｇ．１ Ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｓａｍｐｌｉｎｇ ｓｔａｔｉｏｎｓ
表 １ 各评价因子标准值
０ ００５ ｍｇ ／ ｋｇ。
１．３ 数据分析与评价方法 使用 ＳＰＳＳ ２４．０ 软件对金属种
中国常见鱼类检索表-Eduwest
中国常见鱼类检索表硬骨鱼纲OSTEICHTHYES1 体一般被硬鳞或裸露；尾为歪型尾……………………………鲟形目Acipenseriformes体被栉鳞、圆鳞或裸露；尾一般为正型尾 (2)2 鳔存在时具鳔管 (3)鳔存在时无鳔管 (7)3 前部脊椎骨不形成韦伯氏器 (4)第一至第四或第五脊椎骨形成韦伯氏器 (6)4 体不呈鳗形；一般具腹鳍 (5)体呈鳗形或细长；发育过程有叶状幼体……………………………鳗鲡目Anguilliformes 5 无脂鳍；无侧线…………………………………………………………鲱形目Cluepiformes一般有脂鳍；有侧线…………………………………………………鲑形目Salmoniformes 6 体被圆鳞或裸露；两颌多无牙；有顶骨和下鳃盖骨；第三、四脊椎骨不合并…………………………………………………………………………………………鲤形目Cypriniformes 体裸出或被骨板；两颌有牙；无顶骨和下鳃盖骨；第三与第四脊椎骨合并………………….......................................................................................鲇形目Siluriformes 7 上颌骨不与前颌骨固连或愈合为骨喙 (8)上颌骨与前颌骨愈合为骨喙；腹鳍一般不存在.....................鲀形目Tetraodontiformes 8 体左右对称，头两侧各有1眼 (9)体不对称，两眼位于头部一侧..........................................鲽形目Pleuronecriformes 9 背鳍一般无鳍棘 (10)背鳍一般具鳍棘 (11)10 背鳍与臀鳍多呈后位；腹鳍一般腹位…………………………鳉形目Cyprinodontiformes背鳍与臀鳍较长，背鳍1—3个，臀鳍1—2个，腹鳍胸位或喉位………鳕形目Gadiformes 11 体呈鳗形；左右鳃孔相连为一…………………………………合鳃鱼目Synbranchiformes体一般不呈鳗形；左右鳃孔分离…………………………………………鲈形目Perciformes 鲟形目ACIPENSERIFORMES鲟科Acipenseridae俄罗斯鲟Acipenser gueldenstaedtii鲱形目CLUPEIFORMES1 口裂达于眼的前方或下方；鳃盖膜彼此不相连…………………………鲥Macrura reevesi口裂达于眼的后方；鳃盖膜彼此微相连……………………………………鲚Coilia ectenes鲱科Clupeidae鲥Macrura reevesi鯷科Engraulidae鲚Coilia ectenes鲑形目SALMONIFORMES1 最后脊椎骨向上弯………………………………………………………虹鳟Salmo gairdneri最后脊椎骨正常……………………………………………太湖新银鱼Neosalanx taihuensis鲑科Salmonidae虹鳟Salmo gairdneri银鱼科Salangidae太湖新银鱼Neosalanx taihuensis鳗鲡目ANGUILLIFORMES鳗鲡科Anguillidae鳗鲡Anguilla japonica鲤形目CYPRINIFORMES1 口前吻部无须或仅有1对吻须………………………………………………鲤科Cyprinidae口前部具2对或更多吻须……………………………………………………鳅科Cobitidae鲤科Cyprinidae1 鳃的上方没有螺形的鳃上器；眼的位置偏在头纵轴的上方；左右鳃膜各有峡部相连 (2)鳃的上方具螺形的鳃上器；眼的位置稍偏在头纵轴的下方；左右鳃膜彼此连接而不与峡部相连..................................................................鲢亚科Hypophalmichthyinae 2 臀鳍无硬刺，如果有，则背鳍硬刺的后缘光滑无锯齿 (3)臀鳍和背鳍皆具有后缘带锯齿的硬刺；臀鳍分枝鳍条为5根............鲤亚科Cyprininae 3 臀鳍分枝鳍条通常在7根以上，如仅有5—6根，则背鳍起点位于腹鳍起点之后 (4)臀鳍分枝鳍条在6根以下………………………………………………鲃亚科Barbinae4 通常无腹棱；侧线不完全或贯穿尾柄下方；背鳍无硬刺……………雅罗鱼亚科Leuciscinae具腹棱；侧线完全，贯穿尾柄中部；背鳍多数具硬刺……………………鲌亚科Culterinae雅罗鱼亚科Leuciscinae1 下咽齿1行 (2)下咽齿2行……………………………………………………草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idellus 2 下咽齿呈臼齿型………………………………………………青鱼Mylopharyngodon piceus下咽齿稍侧扁，齿端稍弯，稍呈钩状…………………………………………丁鱥Tinca tinca青鱼Mylopharyngodon piceus丁鱥Tinca tinca草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idellus鲌亚科Culterinae1体较低，体长为体高的3.5倍以上；肠短，等于或稍大于体长……………………………………………………………………………………………………翘嘴鲌Culter ilishaeformis 体高，略呈菱形，体长为体高3.5倍以下；肠长，为体长2倍以上…………………………………………………………………………………团头鲂Megalobraanna amblycephala翘嘴鲌Culter ilishaeformis团头鲂Megalobraanna amblycephala鲃亚科Barbinae中华倒刺鲃Spinibarbus sinensis鲤亚科Cyprininae1 下咽齿3行，臼形…………………………………………………………鲤Cyprinus carpio下咽齿1行，铲形……………………………………………………鲫Carassius auratus鲤Cyprinus carpio鲫Carassius auratus auratus鲢亚科Hypophalmichthyinae1 腹棱不完全，仅存在于腹鳍基部至肛门之间；鳃耙互不相连………鳙Aristichthys nobilis腹棱完全，存在于胸鳍基部下方至肛门间的整个腹部；鳃耙互相连接，形成多孔的膜质片…………………………………………………………鲢Hypoohthalmichthys molitrix鳙Aristichthys nobilis鲢Hypoohthalmichthys molitrix鳅科Cobitidae泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus鲇形目SILURIFORMES1 脂鳍缺失 (2)脂鳍存在 (3)2 背鳍短小或不存在；须1—3对…………………………………大口鲇Silurus meridionalis背鳍很长；须4对………………………………………………………胡鲇Clarias batrachus 3 前后鼻孔距离颇远；腭齿存在…………………………………………………鲿科Bagridae前后鼻孔距离很近；腭齿缺失…………………………斑点叉尾鮰Ictalurus punctatus鲇科Siluridae大口鲇Silurus meridionalis胡鲇科Clariidae胡鲇Clarias batrachus鲿科Bagridae1 头顶通常多少裸露且粗糙；臀鳍鳍条一般多于20…………黄颡鱼Peletobagrus fulvidraco头顶被皮肤，仅枕突或裸露；臀鳍鳍条不多于20……………长吻鮠Leiocassis longirostris黄颡鱼Peletobagrus fulvidraco长吻鮠Leiocassis longirostris鮰科Ictaluridae斑点叉尾鮰Ictalurus punctatus鳉形目CYPRINODONTIFORMES 青鳉科Oryziatidae青鳉Oryzias latipes鳕形目GADIFORMES鳕科Gadidae大头鳕Gadus macroephalus合鳃鱼目SYNBRANCHIFORMES 合鳃鱼科Synbranchidae黄鳝Monopterus albus鲈形目PERCIFORMES1 眶下骨不扩大；无鳃上器 (2)眶下骨扩大；有鳃上器………………………………………………攀鲈亚目Anabantoidei 2 上颌骨不固着于前颌骨……………………………………………………鲈亚目Percoidei上颌骨固着于前颌骨 (3)3 体延长呈带状，无尾鳍………………………………………………带鱼亚目Trichiuroidei体不延长呈带状，有尾鳍……………………………………………金枪鱼亚目Thunnioidei鲈亚目Percoidae1 上颌骨一般不为眶前骨所遮盖 (2)上颌骨一般为眶前骨所遮盖……………………………………………石首鱼科Sciaenidae 2 侧线完全，不中断……………………………………………………………鮨科Serranidae侧线中间折断………………………………………………………………丽鲷科Cichlidae鮨科Serranidae1 两颌内行齿不能倾倒；背鳍具11—14鳍棘……………………………鳜亚科Sinipercinae两颌内行齿可倾倒；背鳍具8—11鳍棘…………………………石斑鱼亚科Epinephelinae鳜亚科Sinipercinae鳜Siniperca chuatsi石斑鱼亚科Epinephelinae1 背鳍具11鳍棘11—14鳍条……………………………………云纹石斑鱼Epinephelus moaru背鳍具11鳍棘15—17鳍条……………………………………青石斑鱼Epinephelus awoara云纹石斑鱼Epinephelus moaru青石斑鱼Epinephelus awoara丽鲷科Cichlidae尼罗罗非鱼Tilapia nilotica石首鱼科Sciaenidae1 尾柄长为尾柄高的3倍余；臀鳍第二鳍棘长等于或稍大于眼径；鳞较小，侧线上鳞8—9行………………………………………………………………大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea 尾柄长为尾柄高的2倍余；臀鳍第二鳍棘长小于眼径；鳞较大，侧线上鳞5—6行……………………………………………………………………小黄鱼Pseudosciaena polyactis大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea小黄鱼Pseudosciaena polyactis带鱼亚目Trichiuroidei带鱼Trichicus haumela金枪鱼亚目Thunnioidei金枪鱼科Thunnidae金枪鱼Thunnus thynnus攀鲈亚目Anabantoidei鳢科Channidae乌鳢Channa argus鲽形目PLEURONECRIFORMES鲆科Bothidae大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus鲀形目TETRAODONTIFORMES1 有腰带骨；有腹鳍，背鳍及腹鳍有鳍棘………………绿鳍马面鲀Navodon septentrionalis无腰带骨；无腹鳍，背鳍无鳍棘…………………………………暗纹东方鲀Fugu obscurus革鲀科Aluteridae绿鳍马面鲀Navodon septentrionalis鲀科Tetradontidae暗纹东方鲀Fugu obscurus。
专业文献英语翻译复试
专业文献英语翻译复试Mesocrystals（介晶）are a new class of nanostructured solid materials, which are most often made of crystallographically（晶向）oriented nanoparticles. Structural features, properties, and possible applications of mesocrystals are summarized in this paper. Due to their unique structural features and the resulting physical and physicochemical properties, mesocrystals are expected to play a significant role in improving the performance of materials in many applications. These are as diverse as heterogeneous photocatalysts, electrodes, optoelectronics, biomedical materials, hard templates, and lightweight structural materials.In the past 6 years, more and more attention has been paid to mesocrystalline materials. An increasing number of papers have been published in the literature. Most of these focused on the characterization of structures and the investigation of formation mechanisms. The results indicate that the structure and formation mechanism of a mesocrystal are related to the shape of the nanoparticle, colloidal stabilization, and vectorial long-range interaction potentials. Surface interaction between the nanoparticles plays a critical role during the formation process of a mesocrystal and may be responsible for the formation of external faces. The reason for the remarkably (almost perfectly in some cases) ordered alignment of nanoparticles is still poorly understood. Special emphasis has been placed on the different possible forces that may drive orientation and assembly between nanoparticles.This work describes the real-time and quantitative analysis of calcium phosphate mineralization using a quartz crystalmicrobalance (QCM) sensor and synthetic DNA templates. In typical mineralization studies, static end-point analysis and surface characterization is common, while real-time quantitation focusing on time of nucleation, nucleation rates, time of crystal growth, and growth rates has not been widely explored. A better understanding of these parameters in coordination with structural analysis could aid in the assessment of template molecules and could provide insight into biological and biomimetic mineralization. QCM is a dynamic, real-time analytical technique that can be generalized to a variety of minerals and can be integrated with widely used surface characterization techniques. As a template for mineralization, DNA has only recently been studied, although it has potential as an anionic polynucleotide with unique programmability and structural diversity in folding.Living organisms are well known to exploit the material properties of amorphous and crystalline minerals when building a wide range of organic–inorganic hybrid materials for a variety of purposes, such as navigation, mechanical support, photonics, and protection of the soft parts of the body. The high level of control over the composition, structure, size, and morphology of biominerals results in materials of amazing complexity and fascinating properties that strongly contrast with those of geological minerals and often surpass those of synthetic analogues.[1] It is no surprise, then, that biominerals have intrigued scientists for many decades and served as a source of inspiration in the development of materials with highly controllable and specialized properties. In this Review we aim to provide an overview of the different nature-drawn strategies that have been applied to produce materials for biomedical, industrial,and technological applications. We will first illustrate the diversity of biogenic minerals and their overall properties, and describe the most general approaches used by organisms to produce such materials. We will then discuss several approaches inspired by the mechanisms of biomineralization in nature, and how they can be applied to the synthesis of functional and advanced materials such as bone implants, nanowires, semiconductors, and nanostructured silica. In the final section, we will discuss methods that are necessary to study and visualize the formation of synthetic materials in situ so as to better understand, control, and optimize their synthesis and properties.Nanoparticles with dipole or magnetic moments will create local dipole/magnetic fields and can mutually attract each other in crystallographic register. The same is true for anisotropic particle polarization, where particle surfaces with equal polarizability attract each other by directed van der Waals forces. This concept requires the nucleation of a large number of nanoparticles of about the same size with the requirement of anisotropy along at least one crystallographic axis. This anisotropy can also be inherent to the crystal system as was observed for the case of amino acid crystals or might be induced by selective polyelectrolyte adsorption to expose highly charged faces simultaneously with their oppositely charged counterface. Amino acids are an ideal system for the study of mesocrystal formation since simple pH variation can vary the crystallization path between classical and nonclassical crystallization, the supersaturation, and crystallization speed as demonstrated for DL-alanine. Indeed, very recently, mesocrystals were also observed for the same system by precipitation in water–alcohol systems.。
太湖贡湖湾鲚(Coilia ectenes taihuensis Yen et Lin)食物组成的季节变化
太 湖 贡 湖 湾鲚 （ ｏｌ ｃｅ ｅ ｉｕ ｎ ｉ Ｙ ｎｅ ｉ 食 物 组 成 的 Ｃ ｉａｅ ｔｎ ｓｔ ｈ ｅ ｓｓ ｅ ｔＬｎ） ｉ ａ
季节 变 化
于谨磊 何 ， 虎 李 宽意 陈非洲 ， ， ， 刘正 文 ，
（ ： 南 大 学 水 生 生 物研 究 所 ， 州 ５ ０ ３ ） １暨 广 １６ ２
Ａ ｓｒ ｃ ：Ｃ ｉａｅｔ ｅ ｔｉｕ ｎｉ Ｙ ｎｅ ｉ（ ．ｅ ｅｅ ）ｉ ｔｅｄ ｍ ｎ ｎ ｆ ｈ ｓ ｅｉｓ ｎ Ｌ ｋ ａ ｕ ａ ｄ ｔｅｃｔｈｈ ｓ ｅ ｎｉ— ｂ ｔ ｔ ｏｌ ｅ ｓ ａｈ ｅｓ ｅ ｔ ｎ Ｃ ｃ ｎ ｓ ｓ ｈ ｏ ｉａ ｔ ｓ ｐ ｃ ａ ｅＴ ｉ ， ｎ ａｃ ａ ｅ ａ ｉ ｃｎ ｓ Ｌ ｔ ｉ ｅｉ ｈ ｈ ｂ ｎ
．Ｌ ｋ ｃ （ ， ａｅＳｉ 湖泊科 学） ２ １ ， ４ ５ ：６ －７ ． ． ，０ ２ ２ （ ）７ ５７０
ｈｔ ： ｗ ｗｊ ｋｓｏｇＥ ｍ ｉ ｊ ｋｓ ｉ ａ．ｅ ｎ ｔ ／ ｗ ．ａｅ．ｒ． － ａ ： ａ ｅ＠ｎ ｌｓａ． ｐ／ ｌ ｌｌ ｇ ｃ
◎ ２ １ ｙＪｕｎ ｌｆＬ ｋ ｃ ｎｅ ０２ｂ ｏ ｒａ ｏ ａ ｅ ｉ ｃｓ Ｓｅ
Ｓｅ ｓ ｎ ｌ ａ ｉｔ ｎ ｎｔ ｅ ｄｅ ｓ ｏ ｉａ ｅ ｔｎ ｓ ｔｉ ｕ ｎ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｉ ｎ Ｇｏ ｇ ｕ Ｂ ｙ ｏ ａ ｏ ａ ｒ ｉ ｓ ｉ ｈ ｉｔ ｆＣｏｌ ｃｅ ｅ ａｈ ｅ ｓｓ Ｙｅ ｔＬｎ ｉ ｖ ａｏ ｉ ｎ ｈ ａ ｆ
Ｌａｋ ｅ Ｔａｉ ｈｕ
ＹＵ ｉｌ ＆ ＬＩ Ｚｈ ｎｇ ｎ ’ Ｈｕ ａ ｙｉ Ｆｅｚ ｕ Ｕ ｅ ｗｅ
（ ： ｓｉ ｔ ｏ ｙ ｒｂｏｏｙ Ｊｎ ｎＵ ｉ ｒｉ ，Ｇ ａ ｇｈ ｕ５ ０３ ，Ｐ Ｒ Ｃ ｍａ １Ｉ ｔｕｅ ｆＨ ｄｏ ｉ ｇ ， ｉａ ｎｖ ｓｙ ｕ ｎ ｚｏ １６ ２ ． ｈ ） ｎ ｔ ｌ ｅ ｔ （ Ｎ ｎｉ ｓｉ ｔ ｏ ｅｇａ ｈ ｎ ｉｎ ｌｇ Ｃ ｉｅｅＡ ａｅ ｙｏ ｃｅｃｓ Ｎ ｎｉｇ２０ ０ ，Ｐ Ｒ． ｈｎ ） ２：ａｊ ｇＩ ｔｕｅ ｆＧ ｏ ｒｐ ｙａ ｄＬｍ ｏｏｙ， ｈｎｓ ｃｄ ｍ ｆＳ ｉ ｅ ， ａｊ １０ ８ ． Ｃ ｉａ ｎ ｎ ｔ ｎ ｎ
211251927_化学修饰多糖的方法及生物活性研究进展
杨艺，赵媛，孙纪录，等. 化学修饰多糖的方法及生物活性研究进展[J]. 食品工业科技，2023，44（11）：468−479. doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022070383YANG Yi, ZHAO Yuan, SUN Jilu, et al. Research Progress on Chemical Modification Methods of Polysaccharides and Their Biological Activity[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(11): 468−479. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022070383· 专题综述 ·化学修饰多糖的方法及生物活性研究进展杨 艺1，赵 媛2，孙纪录3，邵娟娟1,*（1.河北农业大学理工学院，河北沧州 061000；2.江南大学化工学院，江苏无锡 214122；3.河北农业大学食品科技学院，河北保定 071000）摘 要：多糖属于生物大分子，其生物活性取决于结构及理化性质。
研究表明，多糖的化学修饰可以使其结构多样性显著增加，提高生物活性，甚至增加新的生物活性。
本文系统综述了近年来化学修饰多糖的研究进展，包括常用的化学修饰方法、各类化学修饰对多糖分子量、理化特性或空间结构的影响、化学修饰多糖的生物活性以及化学修饰多糖在医药和食品工业中的应用前景及挑战，以期为化学修饰多糖的深入研究提供参考建议，同时为未来基于人类健康的食品医药开发提供重要的依据。
关键词：多糖，化学修饰，生物活性，结构，理化性质本文网刊:中图分类号：O629.12 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002−0306（2023）11−0468−12DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022070383Research Progress on Chemical Modification Methods ofPolysaccharides and Their Biological ActivityYANG Yi 1，ZHAO Yuan 2，SUN Jilu 3，SHAO Juanjuan 1, *（1.College of Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Cangzhou 061000, China ；2.School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China ；3.College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China ）Abstract ：Polysaccharides are biological macromolecules and their biological activities depend on their structure and physicochemical properties. Studies have shown that chemical modification of polysaccharides can significantly increase their structural diversity, improve their biological activities, and even add new biological activities. This article reviews systematacially the research progress of chemical modification of polysaccharides in recent years, including frequently-used methods of chemical modification, the influence of various chemical modification on molecular weight of polysaccharides,physical and chemical properties and spatial structure, the biological activity of chemically modified polysaccharides as well as their pharmaceutical and food industrial application prospect and challenges. It is expected to offer a reference for the further research chemically modified polysaccharides and provide an important basis for the future development of food and medicine based on human health.Key words ：polysaccharide ；chemical modification ；biological activity ；structure ；physicochemical property近年来，多糖在食品、医药等领域的发展一直是人们关注的热点。
描写刀鱼 英文作文
描写刀鱼英文作文The Yangtze River, a lifeline of China, cradles within its depths a treasure,a delicacy so prized that it borders on the mythical - the knife fish. Its slender, silver form, shimmering like a blade under the watery sun, has captivated poetsand gourmands for centuries, its name whispered with reverence and longing. Butthe knife fish is more than just a culinary icon; it is a symbol of the river's fragile ecosystem, a testament to the delicate balance between nature and human intervention. The knife fish, or Coilia ectenes, is an anadromous fish, spending most of its life in the ocean but returning to freshwater to spawn. It is during this arduous journey upstream, against the mighty currents of the Yangtze, thatthe fish undergoes a remarkable transformation. Its body, lean and muscular from battling the ocean tides, fattens, its flesh becoming rich with a unique, buttery flavor. This transformation coincides with the arrival of spring, and for generations, the appearance of knife fish in the markets has been a harbinger of the season's bounty. The allure of the knife fish lies not only in its taste but also in its ephemeral nature. Its season is fleeting, lasting only a few precious weeks in spring. This short window of availability, coupled with its delicate texture and exquisite flavor, has made it a highly sought-after delicacy, a prize to be savored and celebrated. In the bustling markets of Shanghai and surrounding cities, the arrival of the knife fish triggers a frenzy of activity, with customers vying for the freshest catch. Prices soar, and the fish become a status symbol, a testament to discerning palates and extravagant lifestyles. Traditionally, the knife fish is steamed whole, its delicate bones softening to become almost edible. The simplicity of this preparation allows the pure, clean flavor of the fish to shine, a testament to the belief that the best ingredients need little embellishment. Served with a drizzle of soy sauce and a scattering of spring onions, the dish is a symphony of textures and flavors, a celebration ofthe ephemeral bounty of the river. However, the reverence for the knife fish is tinged with a growing sense of urgency. Overfishing, coupled with the damming of the Yangtze River and pollution, has drastically reduced the knife fish population. The once abundant schools, shimmering like silver ribbons in the river's depths, have dwindled, their numbers a shadow of their former glory. The soaring prices,once a sign of the fish's desirability, now reflect its increasing scarcity, a grim reminder of the fragility of this iconic species. The plight of the knife fish serves as a stark reminder of the interconnectedness of ecosystems and the impact of human actions on the natural world. As the Yangtze River, the lifeblood of China, faces increasing pressure from development and pollution, the fate of the knife fish hangs in the balance. Its decline is a warning, a plea for sustainable practices and a renewed commitment to safeguarding the treasures of this mighty river. The hope remains that the iconic knife fish, a symbol of spring and a testament to the delicate balance of nature, will not become a mere legend, a ghost of the Yangtze's past.。
黄海生态系统高营养层次生物群落功能群及其主要种类
黄海生态系统高营养层次生物群落功能群及其主要种类张波;唐启升;金显仕【摘要】根据2000年秋季和2001年春季在黄海的两次大面调查,选取生物量占总生物量90%的生物种类为研究对象,分析了黄海生态系统以及3个生态区(冷水团海域、近岸水域和黄海南部水域)春秋两季高营养层次生物群落的功能群组成及其主要种类.结果表明,黄海生态系统高营养层次生物群落包括6个功能群.按生物量排序为:浮游生物食性功能群、底栖动物食性功能群、鱼食性功能群、虾食性功能群、广食性功能群和虾/鱼食性功能群,各功能群营养级范围分别为3.22～3.35、3.30～3.46、4.04～4.50、3.80～4.00、3.38～3.79和4.01.黄海生态系统的主要功能群为浮游生物食性功能群和底栖动物食性功能群,占总生物量的79.6%;主要种类包括13种:小黄鱼、鳀、细巧仿对虾、银鲳、细点圆趾蟹、带鱼、黑鳃梅童、黄鲫、龙头鱼、双斑蟳、细纹狮子鱼、三疣梭子蟹和凤鲚,约占总生物量的70.6%.从不同季节看,春季黄海不同生态区高营养层次的营养级接近,而秋季差别较大,这主要与生物繁殖和索饵群体组成及摄食习性相关.从不同生态区看,黄海冷水团海域高营养层次生物群落以浮游生物食性功能群为主,受季节变化的影响较小,其高营养层次的营养级接近.黄海近岸水域和黄海南部水域高营养层次生物群落功能群组成受季节的影响较大,秋季的营养级均高于春季的营养级.这表明黄海冷水团海域较近岸水域和南部水域稳定,是黄海的一个典型的生态区域.【期刊名称】《生态学报》【年(卷),期】2009(029)003【总页数】13页(P1099-1111)【关键词】功能群;主要种类;高营养层次;生物群落;黄海生态系统【作者】张波;唐启升;金显仕【作者单位】中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,青岛,266071;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,青岛,266071;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,青岛,266071【正文语种】中文【中图分类】Q145;S92.9海洋生态系统中的生物种类繁多，食物关系错综复杂，并易受海洋理化环境变化的影响，但大量研究表明尽管生态系统中生物群落的种类组成会有显著的变化，但食物资源的利用方式，即功能群的组成还是相对稳定的[1]。
群控技术在C油田的应用与认识
从能量角度观察，机械采油井地面系统是由供电系统、采油设备和井口装置组成，其中供电系统主要由变压器向机采井供电，带动抽油机进而带动抽油泵从井下抽汲原油至地面，整个系统属于“一变一井”系统，即一台变压器向一口机械采油井提供能量的系统[1-3]。
理论上讲，“一变一井”系统具有较大的节能潜力。
为进一步降低举升能耗，C 油田在机械采油领域的一个平台的丛式井上试验了群控技术，该技术的实施为机械采油系统的能源节约开辟了新的技术途径。
1技术组成与原理1.1技术组成群控系统应用于丛式机械采油井平台，由一台变压器、一台整流装置、供电线缆、逆变装置、配电箱、电动机、抽油机、井口及井下杆管泵系统组群控技术在C 油田的应用与认识江黎黎（大庆油田有限责任公司第七采油厂）摘要：群控技术采取“一变多井”模式，即一台变压器带动多口机械采油井，同时配备整流装置、逆变装置实现从交流电到直流电，再从直流电到交流电的转换。
选取一个平台的16口井开展了现场试验，对变压器容量、单井控制进行研究与论证，测试结果表明，直流电经过逆变器变成交流电的效率平均可达97.67%，变压器的效率由改造前的97.86%提升至98.71%，提高了0.85%。
应用群控技术后，变压器数量由16台减少为2台，产液单耗由18.24kWh/t 下降到15.34kWh/t，下降了2.9kWh/t。
通过试验与论证，群控技术适用于一个采油平台上多口机械采油井，且变压器与最远端井的距离在1000m 范围内。
关键词：群控技术；整流效率；直流电；交流电；机械采油井DOI :10.3969/j.issn.2095-1493.2023.11.010Application and understanding of group control technology in C oilfield JIANG LiliNo.7Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co ．，Ltd ．Abstract：The group control technology is adopted the "one-variable-multiple-wells"mode．That is to say，a transformer drives multiple mechanical oil wells and it is equipped with rectifier devices and inverter devices to achieve conversion from AC to DC，and then from DC to AC．The 16wells from a platform are selected to carry out field tests to study and demonstrate transformer capacity and single-well control．The tests results show that the average efficiency of converting DC into AC through in-verters reached 97.67%．The efficiency of transformers is increased from 97.86%before the transforma-tion to 98.71%，which increases 0.85%．After applying the group control technology，the number of transformers is reduced from sixteen to two，and the unit consumption of liquid production is de-creased from 18.24kWh/t to 15.34kWh/t，which decreases 2.9kWh/t．Through tests and demon-strations，the group control technology is applicable to multiple mechanical oil recovery wells on one oil production platform and the distance between the transformer and the farthest end well is within 1000m．Keywords：group control technology；rectification efficiency；DC；AC；mechanical oil well 作者简介：江黎黎，2012年毕业于东北石油大学（测控技术与仪器专业）黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区西宾路75号，163453。
长江口水域中华鲟幼鱼与6种主要经济鱼类的食性及食物竞争
长江口水域中华鲟幼鱼与6种主要经济鱼类的食性及食物竞争庄平;罗刚;张涛;章龙珍;刘健;冯广朋;侯俊利【摘要】根据2004年6月至8月和2005年6月至8月在长江口崇明岛东滩水域插网所获取的鱼类样本,对东滩水域中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)幼鱼和其它6种主要经济鱼类的食性、食物竞争状况进行了研究.结果表明:中华鲟、窄体舌鳎(Cynoglissus gracilis)为底栖生物食性;中国花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)为游泳生物食性;刀鲚(Coilia ectenes)和凤鲚(Coilia mystus)为浮游动物食性;鲻(Mygil cephalus)和(魚夋)(Liza haematochiela)为腐屑(有机碎屑)食性.中华鲟幼鱼及6种主要经济鱼类食性按照相对重要性指标(IRI)大小排列:中华鲟(IRI):鱼类＞端足类＞多毛类＞蟹类;窄体舌鳎(IRI):虾类＞瓣鳃类＞鱼类;中国花鲈(IRI):鱼类＞虾类＞等足类＞蟹类;刀鲚(IRI):糠虾类＞虾类＞桡足类＞鱼类;凤鲚(IRI):糠虾类＞桡足类＞虾类＞鱼类;鲻(IRI):有机碎屑＞底栖藻类＞瓣鳃类＞桡足类;(魚夋)(IRI):有机碎屑＞底柄藻类＞瓣鳃类＞桡足类.长江口崇明东滩中华鲟与6种经济鱼类饵料重叠系数显示,中华鲟与窄体舌鳎的饵料重叠系数达到了0.4,而与其余5种鱼类的饵料重叠系数均小于0.12.这表明窄体舌鳎对中华鲟幼鱼的食物有一定的竞争力,其余5种鱼类对中华鲟幼鱼的食物竞争强度较低.【期刊名称】《生态学报》【年(卷),期】2010(030)020【总页数】11页(P5544-5554)【关键词】长江口;崇明东滩;中华鲟;经济鱼类;食物组成;食物竞争;饵料重叠系数【作者】庄平;罗刚;张涛;章龙珍;刘健;冯广朋;侯俊利【作者单位】中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海,200090;中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海,200090;全国水产技术推广总站,北京,100026;中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海,200090;中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海,200090;上海市长江口中华鲟自然保护区管理处,上海,200002;中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海,200090;中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海,200090【正文语种】中文中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis Gray, 1834)是一种大型江海洄游性鱼类，主要分布于长江、东海和黄海等水域，是我国长江特有的3种鲟之一。
SECONDARY CELL
专利名称：SECONDARY CELL发明人：CHEN, Lei,XU, Shoujiang 申请号：EP20748389申请日：20200115公开号：EP3920268A4公开日：20220413专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：The present invention provides a secondary battery, including an electrode assembly, a housing, a top cover assembly, and an insulating member. An outer surface of the electrode assembly includes two first surfaces and two second surfaces, and the two first surfaces are located respectively at two ends of the electrode assembly in the thickness direction. The second surfaces are extended from the ends of the first surfaces along a width direction, and intersecting lines are formed between the first surfaces and the second surfaces. The housing has an opening and forms an accommodating cavity. The electrode assembly is located inside the accommodating cavity of the housing, and the top cover assembly is connected to the opening of the housing and seals the housing. The insulating member includes two first insulating sheets, and the two first insulating sheets are disposed respectively at two sides of the electrode assembly along the thickness direction. The first insulating sheet includes a first part. Along the width direction, an edge of the first part does not go beyond the intersecting line.申请人：Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited更多信息请下载全文后查看。
长江芜湖江段鱼类多样性及其群落结构的时空格局
长江芜湖江段鱼类多样性及其群落结构的时空格局邓朝阳;朱仁;严云志【摘要】为制定合理的渔业资源保护措施与管理对策,2009年按季度共4次调查了长江芜湖江段鱼类多样性及其群落结构.结果显示:该江段现有鱼类54种,其中以似鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、油(韰)(Hemiculter bleekeri bleekeri warpacho)、短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus Kreyenberg et Pappenheim)、鲫(Carassius auratus)等中小型鱼类为常见种和优势种,表明了该江段的鱼类组成存在明显的小型化特点.长江干流沿岸浅水区的鱼类多样性最高,江心深水区最低,而青弋江支流、漳河支流和漳河河口的居中,青弋江的鱼类种数和个体数都显著低于沿岸浅水区,但漳河的鱼类数量与沿岸浅水区无明显差异.江心深水区的鱼类群落与其它样点明显不同,而青弋江的鱼类群落与沿岸浅水区、漳河及其河口的鱼类群落也存在部分差异.鱼类群落结构的季节动态无显著性.%Identifying the spatial and temporal variations in fish assemblages is basic for fishery resource conservation and management. In this study, fish diversity and their assemblage structures in the Wuhu section of the Yangtze River were investigated seasonally during 2009. A total of 54 fish species were collected, of which the common and dominant species were Pseudobrama simony, Hemiculter bleekeri, Carassius auratus, Coilia brachygnathus, and so on, suggesting the miniaturization of fish species composition in this area. The highest species diversity was observed in the riparian shallow site of the mainstem, while the lowest diversity was in the middle deep site. Fish species and abundance in the Qingyijiang tributary were significantly lower than those in the riparian site of the mainstem, but no significantdifference was observed between the Zhanghe tributary and the riparian site. The assemblage structures in the middle deep site of the mainstem were substantially different from those in other sampling sites, and an obvious separation in assemblage structures was observed between the Qingyijiang tributary and other sites. However, fish diversity and assemblage structures in the Wuhu section did not show significant variations across seasons.【期刊名称】《淡水渔业》【年(卷),期】2013(043)001【总页数】9页(P28-36)【关键词】鱼类多样性;群落结构;时空格局;长江芜湖段【作者】邓朝阳;朱仁;严云志【作者单位】安徽省芜湖市渔业渔政管理中心,安徽芜湖241000;安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000;安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S932.4近些年来，长江鱼类生态学及其资源保护已引起我国鱼类学家的广泛关注，有关长江鱼类的摄食、生长和繁殖等基础生物学[56]、种群统计学及其资源量[78]、早期资源现状和分布规律[910]、鱼类群落及其资源的分布格局[1113]、鱼类多样性及其资源保护[1]等已得到了较为深入的研究。
注塑成型微流控芯片通道脱模的变形机理
第52卷第4期2021年4月中南大学学报(自然科学版)Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology)V ol.52No.4Apr.2021注塑成型微流控芯片通道脱模的变形机理王宜磊，翁灿，杨锦，刘介珍，蒋炳炎(中南大学机电工程学院，高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室，湖南长沙，410083)摘要：为提高微流控芯片注塑成型的脱模质量，采用分子动力学(MD)对环烯烃共聚物(COC)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)的脱模过程进行模拟，研究在7×10−11N 脱模外力作用下，聚合物的平均速度、密度分布以及界面相互作用能的变化规律，分析通道脱模变形的分子演化机制。
研究结果表明：在脱模过程中，通道底部最早与Ni 模芯分离，随后通道肩部开始分离，COC 和PP 脱模速度最快；随着脱模过程的进行，界面相互作用能先增大后逐渐减小，PMMA 的界面相互作用能最大，黏附能最大；在界面相互作用能作用下，聚合物层各部分的运动速度不一致，这是造成通道一定程度拉伸、凹陷和孔隙等变形行为的主要原因；脱模后聚合物整体密度减小和分子链回转半径增大，较好地解释了聚合物整体结构的变化情况。
关键词：注塑成型；微流控芯片；分子动力学；通道形貌；脱模变形中图分类号：TQ320.66文献标志码：A开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)文章编号：1672-7207（2021）04-1083-07Mechanism of channel deformation of microfluidic chips duringdemolding process of injection moldingWANG Yilei,WENG Can,YANG Jin,LIU Jiezhen,JIANG Bingyan(State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing,School of Mechanical and ElectricalEnginnering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)Abstract:In order to improve the demolding quality of injection molded microfluidic chips,molecular dynamics (MD)method was used to simulate the demolding process of cycloolefin copolymer(COC),polypropylene(PP)and polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA).Under the external force of 7×10−11N,the average velocity,density distribution and interfacial interaction energy of the polymer were analyzed to investigate the molecular evolution mechanism on the channel deformation.The results show that the bottom of channel is first separated from the Ni insert,and then the shoulders of the channel begin to separate.The demolding speeds of COC and PP are faster than those of PMMA.The interaction energy between PMMA and Ni is the largest with the highest adhesionDOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2021.04.005收稿日期：2020−06−12；修回日期：2020−09−23基金项目(Foundation item)：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(51920105008)；国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775562)(Project(51920105008)supported by the International Cooperation and Exchange Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(51775562)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China)通信作者：蒋炳炎，博士，教授，从事微型构件的精密成型与可控制造研究；E-mail:***********.cn引用格式：王宜磊,翁灿,杨锦,等.注塑成型微流控芯片通道脱模的变形机理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2021,52(4):1083−1089.Citation:WANG Yilei,WENG Can,YANG Jin,et al.Mechanism of channel deformation of microfluidic chips during demolding process of injection molding[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2021,52(4):1083−1089.第52卷中南大学学报(自然科学版)energy and the longest interaction time,and the interface interaction energy first increases and then gradually decreases in the demolding process.The inconsistency of the velocity in each part of the polymer layer under the action of the interfacial interaction energy is the main cause of the deformation behaviors of channel,such as stretching,depression and pores.The change that the polymer overall density decreases and molecular chain radiusof gyration increases after demolding explains the reason of the change in the overall structure of the polymer.Key words:injection molding;microfluidic chips;molecular dynamics;channel morphology;demolding deformation微流控芯片在生命科学、化学分析和医疗检测等研究领域中得到了越来越广泛的应用[1]。
复合乳酸菌发酵沙棘汁降酸的工艺优化及特性分析
宁志雪，朱立斌，朱丹，等. 复合乳酸菌发酵沙棘汁降酸的工艺优化及特性分析[J]. 食品工业科技，2023，44（18）：235−243. doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022100232NING Zhixue, ZHU Libin, ZHU Dan, et al. Process Optimization and Characteristic Analysis of Sea Buckthorn Juice Deacidification by Compound Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2023, 44(18): 235−243. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022100232· 工艺技术 ·复合乳酸菌发酵沙棘汁降酸的工艺优化及特性分析宁志雪1,2，朱立斌1,2，朱 丹3, *，牛广财1,2, *，魏文毅1,2，徐瑞航1,2（1.黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院，黑龙江大庆 163319；2.黑龙江省农产品加工工程技术研究中心，黑龙江大庆 163319；3.黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院，黑龙江大庆 163319）摘 要：为了研究复合乳酸菌发酵对沙棘汁降酸效果的影响，以酒酒球菌和短乳杆菌为菌株发酵沙棘汁。
以总酸降解率为指标，通过单因素实验和响应面试验优化沙棘汁发酵降酸工艺，并研究发酵过程中黄酮、多酚、总酸、pH 、总可溶性固形物（TSS ）、还原糖、有机酸以及抗氧化活性的变化。
结果表明：复合乳酸菌发酵的最优工艺条件为酒酒球菌:短乳杆菌比例为1:1、初始pH3.7、发酵温度31 ℃、发酵时间18 h 、接种量5%，在该条件下总酸降解率为38.52%，此时，黄酮、多酚、总酸、pH 和TSS 含量与发酵前相比，均具有显著性差异（P <0.05）。
Zr-Fc_MOF@MN_复合微针的制备及其光热抗菌性能
Vol. 35 No. 5功 能 高 分 子 学 报2022 年 10 月Journal of Functional Polymers435文章编号： 1008-9357(2022)05-0435-10DOI: 10.14133/ki.1008-9357.20220103002 Zr-Fc MOF@MN复合微针的制备及其光热抗菌性能袁颖慧1， 尚亚廷1， 郭江娜2， 周莹杰1， 严 锋1,2（1. 东华大学材料科学与工程学院, 纤维材料改性国家重点实验室, 上海201620；2. 苏州大学材料与化工学部, 江苏省新型功能高分子材料工程实验室, 江苏 苏州215123）摘 要： 将光热性锆-二茂铁基金属有机框架（Zr-Fc MOF）负载到可溶性聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVA/PVP）微针（MN）中，开发了一种基于可溶性Zr-Fc MOF负载微针（Zr-Fc MOF@MN）的光热抗菌疗法。
采用自下而上法水热合成具有光热性能的Zr-Fc MOF纳米片，通过X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对Zr-Fc MOF的结构和形貌进行了表征，并利用红外线热像仪和涂板计数法研究了其光热性能和抗菌性能。
进一步通过模板法制备Zr-Fc MOF@MN，并研究其溶解性能和抗菌性能。
结果表明：所合成的Zr-Fc MOF光热性能良好，Zr-Fc MOF （0.4 mg/mL）在2.6 W/cm2近红外光照射10 min后温度可上升至57.4 ℃，表现出100%的抗菌率；Zr-Fc MOF@MN可在水溶液中溶解，表现出优异的光热抗菌率（100%）和低溶血率。
关键词： 可溶解聚合物微针；抗菌材料；Zr-Fc MOF；光热疗法；近红外光中图分类号： O69 文献标志码： APreparation and Photothermal Antibacterial Properties of Zr-FcMOF@MN Composited MicroneedlesYUAN Yinghui1, SHANG Yating1, GUO Jiangna2, ZHOU Yingjie1, YAN Feng1,2（1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; 2. Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China）Abstract: Zirconium-ferrocene-based metal-organic framework (Zr-Fc MOF) with photothermal activities was loaded into soluble microneedle matrix composed of polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) to construct a microneedle (Zr-Fc MOF@MN) for photothermal antibacterial therapy. Zr-Fc MOF nanosheets were synthesized by bottom-up hydrothermal method. The structure and morphology of the Zr-Fc MOF nanosheets were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Then, the photothermal and antibacterial properties of Zr-Fc MOF nanosheets were studied by infrared thermal imager and plate counting method. Zr-Fc MOF@MN was further prepared by template method, and the solubility and antibacterial properties of the microneedle patch were characterized. The results showed that Zr-Fc MOF nanosheets possessed good photothermal performance, and the temperature收稿日期： 2022-01-03基金项目： 国家自然科学基金（21835005, U1862109和22005045）；东华大学青年教师科研基金；中央高效基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2232020D-07）作者简介： 袁颖慧（1997—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为抗菌生物医用材料。
《江西省级重点保护野生动物名录》
江西省林业厅、江西省农业厅关于公布《江西省级重点保护野生动物名录》、《江西省非重点保护野生动物名录》的通知（赣林资发[1995]30号）各地区行政公署，省辖市、各县（市）人民政府，省直各有关单位：根据《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》第九条第二款、《江西省实施〈中华人民共和国野生动物保护法〉办法》第九条的规定制定的《江西省级重点保护野生动物名录》、《江西省非重点保护野生动物名录》，业经省人民政府批准，现予公布施行。
请各地和各有关部门采取有效措施，切实加强野生动物的保护管理工作。
附件：一、江西省级重点保护野生动物名录（一）陆生部分中名俗名学名兽纲MAMMALIA狼△野狗Canis lups狐毛狗Vulpes vulpes貉獾狗Nyctereutes pocyonoides黄腹鼬△香茹狼Mustela kathiah黄鼬黄鼠狼Mustela sibirca鼬獾猸子Melogale moshata食蟹獴△石犴Herpestes urva果子狸△花面狸Paquma larvata豹猫野猫、狸子Felis bengalensis毛冠鹿青麂Elaphodus cephalophus赤麂黄麂Muntiacus muntiak小麂麂子M.reevesi鸟纲A VES小鸊鷉王八鸭子Podiceps ruficollis凤头P.cristatus普通鸬鹚鱼鹰Phalacrocorax carbo苍鹭老等Ardea cinerea草鹭A. purpurea大白鹭△Egretta alba白鹭△E.garzetta池鹭棕包颈Ardeola bacchus绿鹭Budurus stalianus牛背鹭△Budurus ibis黑dupetor flavicollis大麻Botaurus striatus鸿雁铁嘴鹅Anser cygnoides豆雁铜嘴鹅A.fadalis灰雁红嘴鹅A.anser小白额雁小雁A.erythropus雪雁王雁Chen caleulisches斑头雁Anser indicus青头潜鸭Aythya baeri红头潜鸭A.ferina凤头潜鸭A.fuligula斑背潜鸭A.marila棉凫小白野鸭Nettapus coromandelianus普通秋沙鸭鱼鸭子Mergus.m.merganser花脸鸭△四鸭Anas fomosa琵嘴鸭△四鸭A.clypeata赤膀鸭四鸭A.s.strepera赤颈鸭△四鸭A.penelope针尾鸭△三鸭A.a.acuta绿翅鸭△八鸭A.creca绿头鸭对鸭A.p.plathyrhynchos白眉鸭四鸭A.querquedula斑嘴鸭红脚板A.poccilorhyncha Zonorhyncha翘鼻麻鸭冠鸭Tadorna tadorna赤麻鸭军鸭T.ferruginea环颈雉野鸡、七彩山鸡Phasianus colchicus torquatus 鹧鸪Francolinus pintadeanus灰胸竹鸡竹鸡Bambusicola thoracica杜鹃科（所有种）郭公、布谷鸟Cuculidae SPP.白腰杓鹬勾鹰Numenius arquata彩鹬Reostratula benghalensis反嘴鹬Recurvirostra avocetta凤头麦鸡Vanellus vanellus灰头麦鸡大水吊吊V.cinereus水雉Hydrophasianus chirugus蛎鹬Haematopus ostralegus银鸥鱼耙子Larus argentatus灰背鸥鱼耙子L.schitisagus黑嘴鸥鱼耙子L.saundersi红嘴巨鸥Sterna caspia山斑鸠鳞斑鸠Streptopelia orientlis珠颈斑鸠斑鸡S.chinensis火斑鸠红斑鸠Oenopopelia trarquebarica白胸翡翠Haicyon smyrnensis蓝翡翠H.piteata翠鸟钓鱼郎Alcedo atthis冠鱼狗Ceryle lugubris三宝鸟老鸹翠Eurystomus orientalis戴胜臭姑姑Upupa epops水拟啄木鸟鸟王Megalaima virens寿带鸟一支花Terpsiphone paradisi大山雀白脸山雀Parus major燕科（所有种）小燕Hirundinidae SPP.伯劳科（所有种）山和尚Lanidae SPP.黑枕黄鹂黄莺Oreolus chinesis卷尾科（所有种）吃杯茶Dicruridae SPP.红嘴蓝鹊山凤凰Cissa erythrorhyncha灰喜鹊山喜鹊Cyanopica cyana喜鹊鸦鹊Pica pica画眉Garrulax canonus棕腹嗓鹛G.gslbanus红嘴相思鸟Leiothrix lutea爬行纳REPTILIA王锦蛇大王蛇Elaphe carinata黑眉锦蛇黑眉蛇eniura三索锦蛇三索蛇E.radiata灰鼠蛇黄金条Plyas korros滑鼠蛇△水律P.mucosus乌梢蛇乌风蛇Zaooys dhumnades金环蛇寸金蛇Bungarus fascialus银环蛇竹节蛇B.m.multicinctus眼镜蛇△扇头风Naja naja眼镜王蛇△眼镜王Ophiophagus hammah尖吻蝮五步蛇agdistrodon acutus昆虫纲INSECTA金裳凤蝶Troides aeacus大黑蛱蝶Sasakia funebris江西叶樇 Phyllum sicciolium中华宽尾凤蝶Agehana elwesi马兜铃凤蝶Sercinus montela森下翠灰蝶Chrysozephyrus morishitai拟谷蝽Gonopsimorphs黄谷蝽G.lutea黑角谷蝽G.nigrosignata九江瓜蝽Megymenum pratti锐肩异蝽Urochellus acutihumeralis湖南棒蝠蛾Napialus hunanensis注：有“△”符号的品种，为《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ动物（二）水生部分中名俗名学名鱼纲PISCES鲱形目Clupeiformes鲱科Clupeidae鲥鱼时鱼、三黎Macrura reevesii鲶形目Siluriformes鮠科Bagridae长吻鮠Leilcassis longirostris鲀形目Tetraodontiformes鲀科Tetraodontidae暗色东方鲀河鲀Fugn obscurus鳢形目Ophiocephaliformes鳢科Ophiocephalidae月鳢称星鱼Channa asiatica斑鳢Channa maculata鳗鲡目qngvilliformes镘鲡科Anguillidae镘鲡（幼鱼）Anguilla japomica鲈形目Perciformes鰕虎科Gobiidae栉鰕虎石鱼Ctenogobius giurinus瓣鳃纲IAMELLIBRANCHIA真瓣鳃目Eulamellibranchia蚌科Umionidae背瘤丽蚌Lomprotula leai爬行纲REPTILIA龟鳖目Testudoformes龟科Testudinidae鹰嘴龟平胸龟Pplatysternom meyacephalum 鳖科trionychidae中华鳖甲鱼、团鱼Trionyx sinesis两栖纲AMPHIBIA无尾目Anura蛙科Ranidae棘胸蛙石鸡Rana spionsa黑斑蛙青蛙、田鸡R.nigromecvlata锄足蟾科Pelobatidae崇安髭蟾角怪Vibaissphora liui蟾蜍科Bufonidae大蟾蜍癞蛤蟆Bufo bufo gargarizans有尾目Caudata蝾螈科（所有种）Salamandridae spp.甲壳纲CRUSTACEA十足目Decapoea方蟹科Grapsidae中华绒螯蟹河蟹Eriocheir sinensis二、江西省非重点保护野生动物名录（一）陆生部分中名学名兽纲MAMMALIA野猪Sus scolopha松鼠科（所有种）Sciuridae spp.中华竹鼠Rhizomys sinensis豪猪Hiystrix hodgsoni刺猬Erinacus europaeus华南兔Lepus sinensis猪獾Arclonyx clllaris狗獾Meles meles食虫目（所有种）INSECTIVRA SPP.翼手目（所有种）CHIROPTERA SPP.引进本省的野生动物鸟纲（所有种）A VES SPP.爬行纲REPTLIA蜥蜴目（所有种）LACERTIFORMES SPP. 蛇目（所有种）SERPENTIFORMES SPP. 昆虫纲INSECTA中华屏顶螳Kishinouyeum sinensae中华原螳Anaxarcha sinensis红尾大蚕蛾Qctias rhodopneuma窄斑翟翠凤蝶Papilio arcturs黎氏青凤蝶Graphium leechi褐钩凤蝶Meandrusa sciron aribbas傲白蛱蝶Helcyra superba superba银豹蛱蝶Childrena childreni大紫蛱蝶Sasakia charonda丽叩甲Campsosternus auratus朱肩丽叩甲C.gemma美艳叩甲Croymbitodes gratus紫蓝窄吉丁Agrilus cyanesceus红缘吉丁Buprestis farimairei丽金吉丁Catoxantha rajar蓝绿纹吉丁Coraebus amabris金绿纹吉丁C.aurofasciatus湖南绿吉丁Polyctesis hunanensis（二）水生部分中名学名鱼纲PISCES鲤形目Cypriniformes鲤科（所有种）Cyprinidae spp.鳅科（所有种）Cobitidae spp.平鳍鳅科Homalopteridae犁头鳅Lepturichthys fimbriata平舟原缨口鳅Vanmanenia pingchowensis东坡长汀拟腹吸鳅Pseudog changtingensis tungpeiensis 鲶形目Siluriformes鲿科（所有种）Bagridae spp.鲶科Siluridae河鲶Parasilurus Sp.鲶P.asotus胡子鲶科Clariidae胡子鲍Claroas fuscus鮡科Sisoridae中华纹胸鮡Glyptothorax sinense福建纹胸鮡G.fukiensis颌针鱼目Beloniformes针鱼科Hemirhamphidae鱵Hemirhamphus kurumeus合鳃目synbranchiformes合鳃科Synbranchiformes黄鳝Monopterus albus鳉形目Cyprinodontiformes鳉科Cyprinodontidae青鳉Oryzias latipes鲈形目Perciformes鮨科（所有种）Serranidae spp.塘鳢科Eleotridae沙塘鳢Odontobutis obscura黄[鱼幼] 鱼Hgpseleotris swinhonis攀鲈科Anabantidae圆尾斗鱼Macropodus chinensis叉尾斗鱼M.opercularis鳢科Ophiocephalidae乌鳢Ophiocephalus argus鲽形目Pleuronectiformes舌鳎科Cynogylossidae窄体舌鳎Cynoglossus gracilis鲱形目Clupeiformes鳀科Engraulidae短颌鲚Coilia brachygnathus长颌鲚Coilia ectenes银鱼科Salangidae雷氏银鱼Reganisalanx branchyrestrcstrdis太湖新根银鱼Neosalanx tangkaeii taihuensis乔氏短吻银鱼Neosalanx jordani大银鱼Protoslanx hyalocranius爬行纲REPIILIA龟鳖目（所有种）Testvdoformes spp.两栖纲（所有种）ARNPHIBIA LPP.瓣鳃纲IAMELLIBRANCHIA真瓣鳃目Eulamellibranchia蚌科（所有种）Unionidae SPP.甲壳纲CRUSTASEA十足目Decatoea长臂虾科（所有种）Palaemonidae SPP.腹足纲（所有种，钉螺除外）GASTROPODA SPP.。
河南鱼类分布
鲤科〔鲃亚科〕
光唇鱼属
半刺厚唇鱼
石花鱼
Acrossocheilus(Lissochilichthys) hemispinus hemispinus(Nichols)
采于商城
突吻鱼属
多鳞铲颌鱼
多鳞铲颌鱼
Varicorhinus(Scaphesthes) macrolepis (Bleeker)
老灌河〔西峡〕、丹江〔淅川〕
鲤科〔鲤亚科〕
鲤属
鲤
红鱼、红鲤鱼、鲤拐子
Cyprinus carpio LInnaeus
全省各水系
鲫属
鲫鱼
喜头〔豫南〕、鲫鱼片子〔驻马店〕
Carassius auratus (Linnaeus)
全省各地的河流、水库、湖泊、池塘、稻田及沟渠等水体
鲤科〔鮈亚科〕
〔左鱼右骨〕属
河南省红农涧河〔灵宝〕
泥鳅属
泥鳅
泥鳅
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor)
遍布全河南省各水域
鲇目
鲶科
鲶属
鲶
鲶
Parasilurus asotus (Linnaeus)
河南省各水系
鲿科
黄颡鱼属
黄颡鱼
革牙
Pseudobagrus fulvidraco (Richardson)
汉水水系〔唐河、西峡〕，淮河水系〔信阳、淮滨、商水〕，黄河水系〔洛阳〕
团头鲂
团头鲂
Megalobrama amblycephala Yih
各地
半餐属
开封半餐
开封半餐
Hemiculterella Kaifenensis(Tchang)