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甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）

甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）化学品中文名称：甲基丙烯酸甲酯化学品英文名称：methyl methacrylate中文名称2：α-甲基丙烯酸甲酯英文名称2：methacrylic acid methyl ester技术说明书编码：309CAS No.：80-62-6分子式：C5H8O2分子量：100.12第二部分：成分/组成信息回目录有害物成分含量CAS No.甲基丙烯酸甲酯80-62-6第三部分：危险性概述回目录危险性类别：侵入途径：健康危害：本品有麻醉作用，有刺激性。

急性中毒：表现有粘膜刺激症状、乏力、恶心、反复呕吐、头痛、头晕、胸闷，可有急识障碍。

慢性影响：体检发现接触者中血压增高、萎缩性鼻炎、结膜炎和植物神经功能障碍百分比增高。

环境危害：燃爆危险：本品易燃，具刺激性。

第四部分：急救措施回目录皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。

眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。

就医。

吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。

保持呼吸道通畅。

如呼吸困难，给输氧。

如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。

就医。

食入：饮足量温水，催吐。

就医。

第五部分：消防措施回目录危险特性：易燃，其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物，遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。

在受热、光和紫外线的作用下易发生聚合，粘度逐渐增加，严重时整个容器的单体可全部发生不规则爆发性聚合。

其蒸气比空气重，能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方，遇火源会着火回燃。

有害燃烧产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。

灭火方法：消防人员必须穿全身防火防毒服，在上风向灭火。

遇大火，消防人员须在有防护掩蔽处操作。

灭火剂：抗溶性泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉、砂土。

用水灭火无效，但可用水保持火场中容器冷却。

应急处理：迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并进行隔离，严格限制出入。

切断火源。

建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防静电工作服。

尽可能切断泄漏源。

防止流入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。

小量泄漏：用砂土、蛭石或其它惰性材料吸收。

7090油封执行标准

7090油封执行标准7090油封是一种常用的密封元件，广泛应用于机械设备中，其主要作用是防止液体或气体泄漏，保护机械设备的正常运行。

为了确保7090油封的质量和性能，制定了一系列的执行标准，以便对其进行严格的监控和管理。

首先，7090油封的材料选择是执行标准中的重点内容之一。

材料的选择直接影响着油封的密封性能和使用寿命。

根据执行标准，7090油封的材料应具有耐磨损、耐腐蚀、耐高温、耐低温等特性，以适应不同工况下的使用要求。

同时，材料的选用还需要符合环保要求，不能对环境造成污染。

其次，7090油封的尺寸和几何形状也是执行标准所关注的重点。

油封的尺寸和形状应符合设计要求，以保证其能够正确安装在设备上，并且能够与轴和壳体良好地配合，达到良好的密封效果。

此外，油封的弹簧和密封唇的结构也需要符合标准规定，以确保其在工作时能够正常运转。

最后，执行标准还对7090油封的性能进行了详细的规定。

包括耐磨性、耐油性、耐高温性、密封性等各项性能指标都有相应的测试方法和要求。

只有在各项性能指标符合标准规定的情况下，油封才能够被合格出厂，并且投入使用。

总的来说，7090油封的执行标准是为了保证其质量和性能，以满足不同机械设备的使用要求。

只有严格按照执行标准的要求进行生产和检验，才能够确保油封的质量稳定可靠。

同时，用户在购买和使用7090油封时，也应该注意选择正规厂家生产的产品，并严格按照使用说明进行安装和使用，以充分发挥油封的密封效果，延长设备的使用寿命。

在日常的设备维护和保养中，也应该定期检查油封的使用情况，及时更换磨损严重的油封，以保证设备的正常运行。

只有在生产、使用和维护的各个环节都严格依照执行标准进行管理，才能够更好地发挥7090油封的作用，保障设备的安全和稳定运行。

甲基丙烯酸甲酯MMA的基本介绍

甲基丙烯酸甲酯甲基丙烯酸甲酯（m ethyl m eth a crylate, MMA）是一种有机物，分子式为CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3，无色液体，是将甲基丙烯酸（MAA）与甲醇酯化形成的，它是生产透明塑料聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）的单体。

甲基丙烯酸甲酯IUPAC名2-甲基丙-2-烯酸甲酯识别CAS号80-62-6ChemSpider 6406SMILESChEBI 34840生产1993年，美国的甲基丙烯酸甲酯年产量为60万吨，2005年世界的年产量估计为320万吨。

大多数的制造商采用丙酮氰醇（ACH）的制作路线，以丙酮和氢氰酸反应得到中间体丙酮氰醇，再将丙酮氰醇与浓硫酸反应得到甲基丙烯酰胺，进而与水反应，得到硫酸氢铵和甲基丙烯酸，然后与甲醇反应在酸性条件下生成甲基丙烯酸甲酯。

一些亚洲生产商也用异丁烯相类似的叔丁醇作为原料，氧化成甲基丙烯醛，然后再氧化成甲基丙烯酸，进而与甲醇酯化生成甲基丙烯酸甲酯。

丙烯也可以在酸的作用下羰基化生成异丁酸，然后脱氢得到甲基丙烯酸。

2007年9月18日一种新型的铂催化生产甲基丙烯酸甲酯的方法问世。

这种方法使用了均相的铂-磷催化剂。

其工艺使用乙烯、一氧化碳、以及甲醇作为反应物生产丙酸甲酯，然后与甲醛反应生成甲基丙烯酸甲酯和水。

用途甲基丙烯酸甲酯主要应用于生产聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯塑料。

甲基丙烯酸甲酯也用于生产甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂（MBS）的共聚物，该树脂是PVC塑料的改性剂。

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和其共聚物主要应用于制造水性涂层，例如房屋的乳胶漆以及粘帖剂。

现代对甲基丙烯酸甲酯的应用是将其制作成盘状以使光可以水平的通过计算机液晶萤幕幕或者电视机萤幕。

甲基丙烯酸甲酯也用来作为防止解剖器官腐蚀的涂层，如用于心脏冠状动脉的防腐。

mma涂料冷喷技术参数

mma涂料冷喷技术参数
MMA（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）涂料的冷喷涂技术是一种应用广泛的表面处理技术，具有较高的附着力和耐久性。

以下是MMA涂料冷喷技术的部分技术参数：
1. 涂料成分：甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）为主要成分，添加其他助剂和颜料。

2. 喷涂温度：室温喷涂，不需加热。

3. 喷涂压力：根据涂料的粘度和所需的涂膜厚度选择合适的喷涂压力。

4. 涂膜厚度：可控制，一般在20-100微米之间。

5. 附着力：由于MMA涂料的化学键合性质，对多种基材具有良好的附着力。

6. 耐久性：MMA涂料具有良好的耐候性、耐化学腐蚀性和耐磨性。

7. 固化时间：通常在室温下数分钟至数小时内完成固化。

8. 应用领域：广泛应用于汽车、建筑、家具、家电、机械、化工等领域。

请注意，具体的技术参数可能因不同的生产商和应用而有所不同，因此在实际应用中，建议参考生产商提供的具体技术规格和使用指南。

astma709a709m_2017桥梁用结构钢（中文简体版）.pdf

ASTM A 709/A 709M -2007桥梁用结构钢1本标准以固定标准号A709/A709M 发布; 紧跟在标准号后的数字表示该标准实施的年号，或者是当有修订时的最后一次修订年号。

圆括号内的数字表示最后一次重新批准的年号，上标 (e) 表示因最新修订或再次批准发生的编辑性变化。

1. 范围*1.1 本标准适用于桥梁用碳素钢和低合金高强度结构型钢、钢板和钢棒，以及淬火加回火合金结构钢板，标准规定的九个等级钢为如下四个屈服强度水平：等级屈服强度 36[250] 36[250] 50[345] 50[345] 50S[345S] 50[345] 50W[345W] 50[345] HPS50W[HPS345W] 50[345] HPS70W [HPS485W]70[485] 100 [690] 100 [690] 100W [690W] 100 [690] HPS100W [HPS690W]100 [690]1.1.1 在A36/A36M,A572/A572M，A992/A992M,A588/A588M，A514/A514M 等标准中分别也规定了36[250],50[345],50S[345S],50W[345W],100[690]和100W[690W]级钢。

当明确规定了本标准所列的附加要求时，要严于A36/A36M,A572/A572M,A992/A 992M,A 588/A 588M，A 514/A514M 等标准.1.1.2 50W[345W],HPS50W[HPS345W],HPS70W[HPS485W],100W[690W]和HPS100W[HPS690W]级钢提高了耐大气腐蚀性能 (见14.1.2).产品的可使用性能见表1.表1 拉伸和硬度要求A注1-“…”表示无要求伸长率，Min，％钢板和钢材C，E 型材C，E钢级钢板厚度mm 型钢翼缘厚mm 屈服强度 [MPa]B抗拉强度[MPa] 8in[200mm]2in[50mm]8in[200mm]2in[50mm]面缩率Min % 布氏硬度≤100 ≤75 [250]min 400-55020 23 20 21 … … 36[250]＞75 [250]min 400min … … 20 19 … …50[345]≤100 全部 345min 450min 18 21 18 21F… …50S[345S] G 全部 345-450HI 450min H… … 18 21 … …50W[345W]， HPS50W[HPS345W]≤100 全部 345min 485min 18 21 18 21J… … HPS70W[HPS485W] ≤100 G 485min 585-760… 19K … … … … 100 [690], 100W[690W],HPS100W [HPS690W] ≤65 690min B 760-895… 18K… … L 235-293M 100 [690], 100W [690W],65-100 G 620min B 690-895 (16)K… … L … A 详见A 6/A 6 M中拉伸试验章节样品方向和制备条款.B 0.2 %残余延伸强度或0.5 % 总延伸强度的详细规定见A 370试验方法第13章C 伸长率和面缩率不适用波纹板.D 当适用时，宽度大于24in. [600mm]的钢板，面缩率允许降低5％.E 宽度大于24in.[600 mm]的钢板，伸长率允许降低2％. 详见A 6/A 6M 拉伸试验章中伸长率的修正.F 翼缘厚大于3in.[75 mm]的型材标距为2 in[或50 mm]的伸长率为: 19%G 不适用.H 型钢取自支撑位置的试验屈强比应≤0.87，其它型钢屈强比应≤0.85；I 允许最大屈服强度70 ksi [480MPa]的型钢，应从支撑位置取样J 翼缘厚＞3 in. [75 mm]的宽缘型钢，标距2 in. or 50 mm的伸长率不小于18 %K 如果测量图3（试验方法A370）1.5in[40mm]的宽试样，伸长率测定标距为2 in. or 50 mm的断裂总伸长率；L 如果测量图3（试验方法A370）1.5in[40mm]的宽试样，最小为40％；如果测量图4（试验方法A370）0.5in[12.5mm]的圆试样，最小为50％M 仅适用于厚度不大于3⁄8 in. [10 mm] 且不进行拉伸试验的100 [690] 和 100W [690W]级钢板[见8.1]1.2不能用HPS70W[HPS 485W], 100[690],100W[690W]或HPS100W[HPS690W] 级钢代替36[250], 50 [345], 50S [345S], 50W [345W]或HPS 50W [HPS 345W]级钢. 未经供需双方协商同意，不能用50W [345W]或HPS 50W[HPS 345W]级钢代替36 [250], 50[345]或50S [345S]级钢.1.3对于焊接用钢材, 应选择适合其钢级和预定用途的焊接工艺。

ASTM-A709

返回美国材料与试验协会标准桥梁用结构钢ASTM A709/A709M-951范围1.1 本标准适用于桥梁用碳素钢和高强度低合金结构型钢、钢板和钢棒以及淬火加回火的合金钢结构钢板。

在可供应的六个钢级中有四个屈服强度级别(36、50、70和100)。

如下：在A36/A36M、A572/A572M、A588/A588M、A582/A582M以及A514/A514M中亦分别包括了36、50、5OW、7OW、100和100W级别。

当本标准对补充要求作出规定时,这些补充要求便超过了A36/A36M、A572/A572M、A588/A588M、A852/A852M和A514/A514M标准的要求。

1.1.2 5OW、7OW和10OW级别已提高了抗大气腐蚀性(见11.1)。

产品的可使用性示于表1。

1.2 70W、100或10OW级不应代替36、50级。

未经供需双方协商,5OW级不应代替36或50级1.3 当钢必须焊接时,其先决条件是采用适合于钢种和预定用途的焊接工艺或适用的设备,见标准A6/A6M中附录X3焊接性资料。

1.4 补充要求可以采用,但这些要求只有当需方在订单上规定时才适用。

1.5 以英寸一磅单位表示的值应视为标准值。

括弧内的值仅供参考。

每种单位制所表示的值并非精确相等,因此,每种单位制必须独立使用;二者混合使用会导致与本标准的不一致。

2 引用文件2. l ASTM标准A6/A6M 结构用轧制钢板、型钢、钢板桩和棒材的一般要求A36/A36M 碳素结构钢A370 钢产品力学试验方法和定义A435/A435M 钢板超声波垂直射束检验A514/A514M 适于焊接用高屈服强度淬火和回火合金钢钢板A572/A572M 结构级高强度低合金铌钒钢A588/A588M厚度≤4英寸(100mm)、最低屈服点50千磅/平方英寸(345MPa〉的高强度低合金结构钢A673/A673M结构钢冲击试验取样方法A852/A852M厚度≤4英寸(100mm)、最小屈服强度70千磅/平方英寸〈485MPa〉淬火并回火低合金结构钢板。

G.709_光传送网(OTN)的基本应用

G.709 光传送网(OTN)的基本应用摘要：本文从产品开发者的角度对G.709光传送网（OTN）的基本应用和对其新一代传送网所具有的优势进行了论述。

关键词：G.709 OTN1.引言随着网络业务对带宽的需求越来越大，运营商和系统制造商一直在不断地考虑改进业务传送技术的问题。

数字传送网的演化也从最初的基于T1/E1的第一代数字传送网，经历了基于SONET/SDH的第二代数字传送网，发展到了目前以OTN为基础的第三代数字传送网。

第一、二代传送网最初是为支持话音业务而专门设计的，虽然也可用来传送数据和图像业务，但是传送效率并不高。

相比之下，第三代传送网技术，从设计上就支持话音、数据和图像业务，配合其他协议时可支持带宽按需分配（BOD）、可裁剪的服务质量（QoS）及光虚拟转网（OVPN）等功能。

1998年，国际电信联盟电信标准化部门（ITU-T）正式提出了OTN的概念。

从其功能上看，OTN在子网内可以以全光形式传输，而在子网的边界处采用光-电-光转换。

这样，各个子网可以通过3R再生器联接，从而构成一个大的光网络，如图1所示。

因此，OTN可以看作是传送网络向全光网演化过程中的一个过渡应用。

在OTN的功能描述中，光信号是由波长（或中心波长）来表征。

光信号的处理可以基于单个波长，或基于一个波分复用组。

（基于其他光复用技术，如时分复用，光时分复用，或光码分复用的OTN，还有待研究。

）OTN在光域内可以实现业务信号的传递、复用、路由选择、监控，并保证其性能要求和生存性。

OTN可以支持多种上层业务或协议，如SONET/SDH，ATM，Ethernet，IP，PDH，FibreChannel，GFP，MPLS，OTN虚级联，ODU复用等，是未来网络演进的理想基础。

全球范围内越来越多的运营商开始构造基于OTN的新一代传送网络，系统制造商们也推出具有更多OTN功能的产品来支持下一代传送网络的构建。

在OTN应用的初期，运营商和系统制造商更多地关注OTN作为传输层所具有的功能，本文也仅从传输层的角度来讨论OTN的结构和功能。

ADM709RAN中文资料

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMV CCTypical Operating Circuit ORDERING GUIDEResetTemperature Package Model Threshold Range Option*ADM709LAN 4.65 V –40°C to +85°C N-8ADM709LAR 4.65 V –40°C to +85°C SO-8ADM709MAN 4.40 V –40°C to +85°C N-8ADM709MAR 4.40 V –40°C to +85°C SO-8ADM709TAN 3.08 V –40°C to +85°C N-8ADM709TAR 3.08 V –40°C to +85°C SO-8ADM709SAN 2.93 V –40°C to +85°C N-8ADM709SAR 2.93 V –40°C to +85°C SO-8ADM709RAN 2.63 V –40°C to +85°C N-8ADM709RAR2.63 V–40°C to +85°CSO-8*N = Plastic DIP; SO = SOIC.REV.0Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.aPower Supply Monitorwith Reset ADM709© Analog Devices, Inc., 1995One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood. MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.Tel: 617/329-4700Fax: 617/326-8703GENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADM709 contains a power supply monitor which generates a system reset during power-up, power-down and brownout conditions. When V CC falls below the reset threshold, RESET goes low and holds the µP in reset. On power-up the RESET output is held low for 140 ms after V CC rises above the thresh-old. The RESET output remains operational with V CC as low as 1 V.Three supply-voltage threshold levels are available suitable for +5 V, +3.3 V and for +3 V supply monitoring. The actual reset voltage threshold is given below.The ADM709 is available in 8-pin DIP and SOIC packages.Table I.Reset ThresholdSuffix Voltage (V)L 4.65M 4.40T 3.08S 2.93R2.63FEATURESPrecision Supply Voltage Monitor+5 V, +3.3 V, +3 V Power Supply Monitor 35 ␮A Quiescent Current140 ms (min) Power-On Reset Pulse Low Cost8-Pin DIP/SO Packages Upgrade for MAX709APPLICATIONSMicroprocessor Systems Computers ControllersIntelligent Instruments Critical ␮P Monitoring Automotive SystemsCritical ␮P Power Monitoring(V CC = Full Operating Range, T A = T MIN to T MAX unless otherwise noted)ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*(T A = +25°C unless otherwise noted)V CC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .–0.3 V to +6 VRESET Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .–0.3 V to V CC + 0.3 VV CC Input Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 mA RESET Output Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 mAPower Dissipation, N-8 DIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .727 mWθJA Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135°C/W Power Dissipation, SO-8 SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .470 mWθJA Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110°C/W Operating Temperature RangeIndustrial ( A Version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .–40°C to +85°CLead Temperature (Soldering, 10 secs) . . . . . . . . . . . .+300°CVapor Phase (60 secs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+215°C Infrared (15 secs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+220°C Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . .–65°C to +150°C ESD Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .>5 kV *Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods of time may affect device reliability.PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONMnemonic Pin No.FunctionNC1, 4, 5, 6, 8No Connect Pins.V CC2+5 V, +3.3 V, +3 V Power SupplyInput.RESET7Logic Output. It remains low whileV CC is below the reset thresholdvoltage and for 280 ms (typ) afterV CC rises above the threshold. GND3Ground, 0 V.ADM709–SPECIFICATIONSParameter Min Typ Max Units Test Conditions/CommentsV CC Operating Voltage Range 1.0 5.5V T A = 0°C to +70°C1.2 5.5V T A = –40°C to +85°CSupply Current3585µA V CC < 3.6 V, T A = 0°C to +70°C35110µA V CC < 3.6 V, T A = –40°C to +85°C65150µA V CC < 5.5 V, T A = 0°C to +70°C65200µA V CC < 5.5 V, T A = –40°C to +85°CReset Threshold 4.5 4.65 4.75V ADM709L4.25 4.40 4.50V ADM709M3.00 3.08 3.15V ADM709T2.85 2.933.00V ADM709S2.55 2.63 2.70V ADM709RV CC to RESET Delay20µs V CC = Reset Threshold max–minRESET Active Time-Out Period140280380ms V CC = Reset Threshold max, V CC Rising RESET Output Voltage0.3V ADM709R/S/T, I SINK = 1.2 mA. V CC = ResetThreshold min0.4V ADM709L/M, I SINK = 3.2 mA. V CC = ResetThreshold min0.3V I SINK = 50 µA. V CC≥ 1.0 V0.4V I SINK = 100 µA. V CC≥ 1.2 V0.8 × V CC V ADM709R/S/T, I SOURCE = 500 µA, V CC≥ ResetThreshold maxV CC–1.5 V V ADM709L/M, I SOURCE = 800 µA, V CC≥ ResetThreshold maxSpecifications subject to change without notice.PIN CONFIGURATIONV CC NC GND NCNCNCNCNC = NO CONNECTREV. 0–2–ADM709REV. 0–3–RESET at Voltages < 1 VThe ADM709 RESET output is guaranteed to operate with supply voltages as low as 1 V. If it is desired that the RESET output remains low below 1 V, then a pull-down resistor should be connected between the RESET output and GND. A resistor of 100 k Ω is suitable. This is illustrated in Figure 5.Figure < 1 VGlitch ImmunityThe ADM709 is immune to short transients which may occur on the V CC line. This is important so that spurious resets are not generated as a result of minor glitches on the power supply.Additional glitch immunity may be obtained by connecting a capacitor (0.1 µF or greater) as close as possible to the V CC pin on the device.Microprocessors with Bidirectional I-OSome microprocessors or microcontrollers such as the MC68HC11 have bidirectional reset lines. In order to avoid signal contention, a resistor of 4.7 k Ω should be connected between the ADM709 RESET output and the microcontroller RESET line. This arrangement is shown in Figure 6.Figure 6.Interfacing to Microprocessors with Bidirectional RESETV CCRESETFigure 1.Functional Block DiagramFigure 2.Typical Operating CircuitCIRCUIT INFORMATION RESET OutputRESET is an active low output which provides a reset signal to the microprocessor whenever the V CC supply voltage is below the reset threshold. An internal timer holds RESET low for 140 ms after the voltage on V CCrises above the threshold. This is intended as a power-on reset signal for the processor. It allows time for the power supply and microprocessor to stabilize after power up. Similarly a power supply brownout will initiate a pro-cessor reset. On power-down, the RESET output remains low with V CC as low as 1 V. This ensures that the microprocessor is held in a stable shutdown condition as the power supply drops.Figure 3.Power Off/On RESET TimingV CCRESET400ms/DIVFigure 4.RESET Output vs. V CCREV. 0–4–ADM709OUTLINE DIMENSIONSDimensions shown in inches and (mm).8-Lead Plastic DIP(N-8)0.014 (0.356)0.045 (1.15)(2.54)BSC8-Lead SOIC (SO-8)0.0075 (0.19)0.0138 (0.35)(1.27)BSCP R I N T E D I N U .S .A .C 2022–18–4/95。

lc709说明书参数

lc709说明书参数
LC709是一种电池管理芯片，它有多个型号，每个型号有不同
的参数。

一般LC709的说明书中包含了以下参数：
1. 电池类型，LC709可以适配不同类型的电池，如锂离子电池、锂聚合物电池等。

2. 输入电压范围，LC709能够支持的输入电压范围，一般是指
电池的工作电压范围。

3. 充电电流范围，充电时允许的最大电流范围。

4. 放电电流范围，放电时允许的最大电流范围。

5. 温度范围，LC709能够正常工作的温度范围。

6. 定电流充电，支持的最大充电电流。

7. 电池容量范围，适用的电池容量范围。

8. 电池过充保护电压，电池达到该电压后，芯片将停止充电以保护电池。

9. 电池欠压保护电压，电池达到该电压后，芯片将停止放电以保护电池。

10. 通信接口，LC709是否支持I2C、SPI等通信接口。

以上是一般LC709说明书中可能包含的参数，具体参数还需参考具体型号的说明书。

希望以上信息能够满足你的需求。

台湾奇美ABS PA-709S物性数据表

颜色
--
特性
超高耐冲击
用途
挤出管材 / 家具 / 大件容器等
文档来源：ABS塑胶原料
kg/cm²(MPa)[Lb/in2]
洛氏硬度
ASTM D785
R-100
IZOD 缺口冲击强度
1/4" 23℃
ASTM D256/ISO 179
--
kg·cm/cm(J/M)ft·lb/in
1/4" -30℃
ASTM D256/ISO 179
37（6.9）
kg·cm/cm(J/M)ft·lb/in
--
mm/mm.℃
加工条件
干燥条件
80°C下烘料约2~3小时
加工温度
射嘴
190~250°C
℃
料筒前段
220~250 °C
℃
料筒中段
210~240
℃
料筒后段
190~210
℃
熔体温度
--
℃
模具温度
--
℃
压力
注塑压力
--
Mpa
保压压力
--
Mpa
背压
--
Mpa
螺备注
在射出周期中勿将热融胶长期停留在加热管中
拉伸屈服伸长率(延伸率)
ASTM D638/ISO 527
40
%
拉伸断裂伸长率(延伸率)
ASTM D638/ISO 527
--
%
弯曲模量(弯曲弹性率)
ASTM D790/ISO 178
20000（28000）
kg/cm²(MPa)[Lb/in2]
弯曲强度
ASTM D790/ISO 178
560（8000）

7090铝合金强度

7090铝合金强度引言7090铝合金是一种常用的高强度铝合金，具有优异的力学性能和良好的耐腐蚀性能。

本文将详细介绍7090铝合金的强度特性，包括其组成、加工工艺以及影响其强度的因素。

1. 7090铝合金的组成7090铝合金主要由铝、锌、镁等元素组成。

其中，锌和镁是主要的合金元素，它们可以通过固溶和析出强化机制来提高合金的强度。

此外，还可以添加少量的其他元素如铜、锰等来进一步改善合金性能。

2. 7090铝合金的加工工艺为了获得高强度的7090铝合金材料，需要采用适当的加工工艺。

常见的加工方法包括挤压、轧制和热处理等。

2.1 挤压挤压是制备高强度铝合金材料常用的方法之一。

在挤压过程中，通过施加高压将坯料经过模具挤出，并在挤出过程中发生塑性变形和晶粒细化，从而提高材料的强度。

2.2 轧制轧制是将坯料通过辊道进行塑性变形的方法。

通过轧制，可以使晶粒细化，并且在晶界形成强化相，从而增加合金的强度。

2.3 热处理热处理是通过控制合金的加热和冷却过程来改变其组织和性能的方法。

常见的热处理方法包括固溶处理和时效处理。

固溶处理是将合金加热至高温区域，使固溶体中的合金元素溶解，并形成均匀的固溶体结构；时效处理是在固溶处理后，将材料在适当温度下保持一段时间，使析出相形成并沉淀在晶界上。

3. 影响7090铝合金强度的因素7090铝合金的强度受到多种因素影响，主要包括组织结构、晶粒尺寸、析出相、残余应力等。

3.1 组织结构7090铝合金经过适当的加工工艺后，可以得到不同组织结构。

通常情况下，细小而均匀的晶粒和均匀的析出相分布有利于提高合金的强度。

3.2 晶粒尺寸晶粒尺寸对于合金的强度具有重要影响。

较小的晶粒尺寸可以增加晶界面积，从而提高材料的强度。

3.3 析出相在固溶处理和时效处理过程中，合金中的一些元素会析出形成细小的析出相。

这些析出相可以通过阻碍位错运动来增加合金的强度。

3.4 残余应力残余应力是指在加工或热处理过程中形成的内部应力。

美标耐候钢板A709-50W技术条件及机械性能简介

美标耐候钢板A709-50W技术条件及机械性能简介一、A709-50W归属于美标耐候钢板，钢板以热扎或控轧情况交货,容许选用淬火或回火解决。

为了更好地提升延展性,容许选用比在空气中冷却速度快的冷却方法开展冷却,但钢板要开展回火解决,回火温度范围为1100~1300℉(595~705℃)。

二、A709-50W钢板国家标准：ASTM三、A709-50W钢板能够生产制造的薄厚8-100毫米,可生产制造的总宽1500*4000Mm 能够生产制造的长短6000-17000。

四、A709-50W耐侯公路桥梁用构造钢板的生产工艺流程。

根据制定合适我厂的冶炼厂、轧钢、冷轧加工工艺,采用微细晶强化技术性和控轧控冷技术相结合的合理对策,提升钢板的综合型能,尤其是超低温断裂韧性。

生产制造的A709-50W耐侯桥梁板,其商品符合实际ASTM A709／A709M-06规范规定,商品品质做到国际性优秀水准五、A709-50W耐候板物理性能1.钢板型号: A709-50W2. 规格型号:板厚≤100毫米3.钢板规格、外观设计、净重规定及容许误差钢板规格、外观设计、净重规定及容许误差等应合乎ASTM A6/5M 有关条文的要求。

4.技术标准英国桥用美标ASTM A709-50W级桥梁板技术标准4.1 交货情况钢板以热扎或控轧情况交货,容许选用淬火或回火解决。

为了更好地提升延展性,容许选用比在空气中冷却速度快的冷却方法开展冷却,但钢板要开展回火解决,回火温度范围为1100~1300℉(595~705℃),且在材质单中标明。

5. 工艺性能5.1 钢板表层不可有汽泡、结痂、开裂、伸缩、参杂和压进的锌灰,不可有层次5.2 表层容许有不防碍表层查验的层析锌灰、锈迹,因为压进锌灰掉下来所造成的不明显的不光滑、刮痕、热轧带钢导致的网纹以及他部分缺点容许存有,但不可超出薄厚尺寸公差之半,并应确保钢板的最少薄厚;5.3 容许选用刃磨方式清除表层缺点,但不可补焊;6. 探伤检测依据必须,薄厚6/5in.(30mm)之上钢板能够依照ASTM A435开展超声探伤仪,Ⅱ级为达标。

ASTM_A709_A709M-09

Designation:A709/A709M–09Standard Speciﬁcation forStructural Steel for Bridges1This standard is issued under theﬁxed designation A709/A709M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1This speciﬁcation covers carbon and high-strength low-alloy steel structural shapes,plates,and bars and quenched and tempered alloy steel for structural plates intended for use in bridges.Seven grades are available in four yield strength levels as follows:Grade U.S.[SI]Yield Strength,ksi[MPa] 36[250]36[250]50[345]50[345]50S[345S]50[345]50W[345W]50[345]HPS50W[HPS345W]50[345]HPS70W[HPS485W]70[485]HPS100W[HPS690W]100[690]1.1.1Grades36[250],50[345],50S[345S],and50W [345W]are also included in Speciﬁcations A36/A36M, A572/A572M,A992/A992M,and A588/A588M,respec-tively.When the supplementary requirements of this speciﬁ-cation are speciﬁed,they exceed the requirements of Speciﬁ-cations A36/A36M,A572/A572M,A992/A992M,and A588/A588M.1.1.2Grades50W[345W],HPS50W[HPS345W],HPS 70W[HPS485W],and HPS100W[HPS690W]have en-hanced atmospheric corrosion resistance(see13.1.2).Product availability is shown in Table1.1.2Grade HPS70W[HPS485W]or HPS100W[HPS 690W]shall not be substituted for Grades36[250],50[345], 50S[345S],50W[345W],or HPS50W[HPS345W].Grade 50W[345W],or HPS50W[HPS345W]shall not be substi-tuted for Grades36[250],50[345]or50S[345S]without agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.1.3When the steel is to be welded,it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized.See Appendix X3of Speciﬁca-tion A6/A6M for information on weldability.1.4For structural products to be used as tension components requiring notch toughness testing,standardized requirements are provided in this standard,and they are based upon American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(AASHTO)requirements for both fracture critical and non-fracture critical members.1.5Supplementary requirements are available but shall apply only if speciﬁed in the purchase order.1.6The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the bining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7For structural products produced from coil and fur-nished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only,the additional requirements,including additional testing require-ments and the reporting of additional test results,of Speciﬁ-cation A6/A6M apply.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:2A6/A6M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars,Plates,Shapes,and Sheet PilingA36/A36M Speciﬁcation for Carbon Structural SteelA370Test Methods and Deﬁnitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA572/A572M Speciﬁcation for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural SteelA588/A588M Speciﬁcation for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel,up to50ksi[345MPa]Minimum Yield Point,with Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceA673/A673M Speciﬁcation for Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural SteelA992/A992M Speciﬁcation for Structural Steel Shapes1This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.02on Structural Steel for Bridges,Buildings,Rolling Stock and Ships.Current edition approved April1,2009.Published April2009.Originally approved st previous edition approved in2008as A709/A709M–08.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.G 101Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels3.Terminology3.1Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:3.1.1fracture critical member —a main load-carrying ten-sion member or tension component of a bending member whose failure would be expected to cause collapse of a structure or bridge without multiple,redundant load paths.3.1.2main load-carrying member —a steel member de-signed to carry primary design loads,including dead,live,impact,and other loads.3.1.3non-fracture critical member —a main load-carrying member whose failure would not be expected to cause collapse of a structure or bridge with multiple,redundant load paths.3.1.4non-tension component —a steel member that is not in tension under any design loading.3.1.5secondary member —a steel member used for aligning and bracing of main load-carrying members,or for attaching utilities,signs,or other items to them,but not to directly support primary design loads3.1.6tension component —a part or element of a fracture critical or non-fracture critical member that is in tension under various design loadings.TABLE 1Tensile and Hardness Requirements AN OTE 1—Where “...”appears in this table,there is no requirement.GradePlate Thickness,in.[mm]Structural Shape Flangeor LegThickness,in.[mm]Yield Point or Yield Strength,Bksi [MPa]Tensile Strength,ksi [MPa]Minimum Elongation,%Reduc-tion of Area C ,D min,%Plates and Bars C ,E Shapes E8in.or 200mm 2in.or 50mm 8in.or 200mm 2in.or 50mm 36[250]to 4[100],incl to 3in.[75mm],incl 36[250]min 58–80[400–550]20232021...over 3in.[75mm]36[250]min 58[400]min .....2019...50[345]to 4[100],inclall 50[345]min65[450]min 18211821F ...50S [345S]Gall 50–65[345–450]HI 65[450]H min ......1821...50W [345W]and HPS 50W [HPS 345W]to 4[100],incl all50[345]min70[485]min18211821J...HPS 70W [HPS 485W]to 4[100],incl G70[485]min B 85–110[585–760]...19K .........HPS 100W [HPS 690W]to 21⁄2[65],incl G100[690]min B110–130[760–895]...18K......LA See specimen orientation and preparation subsection in the Tension Tests section of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .BMeasured at 0.2%offset or 0.5%extension under load as described in Section 13of Test Methods A 370.CElongation and reduction of area not required to be determined for ﬂoor plates.DFor plates wider than 24in.[600mm],the reduction of area requirement,where applicable,is reduced by ﬁve percentage points.EFor plates wider than 24in.[600mm],the elongation requirement is reduced by two percentage points.See elongation requirement adjustments in the Tension Tests section of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .FElongation in 2in.or 50mm:19%for shapes with ﬂange thickness over 3in.[75mm].GNot applicable.HThe yield to tensile ratio shall be 0.87or less for shapes that are tested from the web location;for all other shapes,the requirement is 0.85.IA maximum yield strength of 70ksi [480MPa]is permitted for structural shapes that are required to be tested from the web location.JFor wide ﬂange shapes with ﬂange thickness over 3in.[75mm],elongation in 2in.or 50mm of 18%minimum applies.KIf measured on the Fig.3(Test Methods A 370)11⁄2-in.[40–mm]wide specimen,the elongation is determined in a 2-in.or 50-mm gage length that includes the fracture and shows the greatest elongation.L40%minimum applies if measured on the Fig 3(Test Methods A 370)11⁄2-in.[40-mm]wide specimen;50%minimum applies if measured on the Fig.4(Test Methods A 370)1⁄2-in.[12.5-mm]round specimen.TABLE 2Grade 36[250]Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)N OTE 1—Where “...”appears in this table there is no requirement.The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as described in the Heat Analysis section of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .Product Thickness,in.(mm)Shapes AAll Plates BBars BTo 3⁄4[20],incl Over 3⁄4to 11⁄2[20to 40],incl Over 11⁄2to 21⁄2[40to 65],incl Over 21⁄2to 4[65to 100],incl To 3⁄4[20],incl Over 3⁄4to 11⁄2[20to 40],incl Over 11⁄2to 4[100],incl Carbon,max,%0.260.250.250.260.270.260.270.28Manganese,%......0.80–1.200.80–1.200.85–1.20...0.60–0.900.60–0.90Phosphorus,max,%0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04Sulfur,max,%0.050.050.050.050.050.050.050.05Silicon,%0.40max 0.40max 0.40max 0.15–0.400.15–0.400.40max 0.40max 0.40max Copper,min,%whencopper steel is speciﬁed0.200.200.200.200.200.200.200.20A Manganese content of 0.85to 1.35%and silicon content of 0.15to 0.40%is required for shapes with ﬂange thickness over 3in.[75mm].BFor each reduction of 0.01%below the speciﬁed carbon maximum,an increase of 0.06%manganese above the speciﬁed maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35%.4.Ordering Requirements4.1In addition to the items listed in the ordering informa-tion section of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M ,the following items should be considered if applicable:TABLE 3Grade 50[345]Chemical Requirements A (Heat Analysis)Silicon CColumbium,Vanadium and NitrogenMaximum Diameter,Thickness,or Distance Between Parallel Faces,in.[mm]Carbon,max,%Manganese,Bmax,%Phosphorus,max,%Sulfur,max,%Plates to11⁄2-in.[40-mm]Thick,Shapes with ﬂange or leg thickness to 3in.[75mm]inclusive,Sheet Piling,Bars,Zees,and Rolled Tees,max,%DPlates Over 11⁄2-in.[40-mm]Thick and Shapes with ﬂange thickness over 3in.[75mm],%4[100]0.23 1.350.040.050.400.15–0.40EA Copper when speciﬁed shall have a minimum content of 0.20%by heat analysis (0.18%by product analysis).BManganese,minimum by heat analysis of 0.80%(0.75%by product analysis)shall be required for all plates over 3⁄8in.[10mm]in thickness;a minimum of 0.50%(0.45%by product analysis)shall be required for plates 3⁄8in.[10mm]and less in thickness,and for all other products.The manganese to carbon ratio shall not be less than 2to 1.For each reduction of 0.01percentage point below the speciﬁed carbon maximum,an increase of 0.06percentage point manganese above the speciﬁed maximum is permitted,up to a maximum of 1.60%.CSilicon content in excess of 0.40%by heat analysis must be negotiated.DBars over 11⁄2in.[40mm]in diameter,thickness,or distance between parallel faces,shall be made by a killed steel practice.EAlloy content shall be in accordance with Type 1,2,3,or 5and the contents of the applicable elements shall be reported on the test report.Type ElementsHeat Analysis,%1Columbium A 0.005–0.05B 2Vanadium 0.01–0.153Columbium A VanadiumColumbium plus vanadium 0.005–0.05B 0.01–0.150.02–0.15C 5Titanium Nitrogen Vanadium0.006–0.040.003–0.0150.06maxAColumbium shall be restricted to Grade 50[345]plate,bar,zee,and rolled tee thickness of 3⁄4in.[20mm]max,and to shapes with ﬂange or leg thickness to 11⁄2in.[40mm]inclusive unless killed steel is furnished.Killed steel shall be conﬁrmed by a statement of killed steel on the test report,or by a report of the presence of a sufficient quantity of a strong deoxidizing element,such as silicon at 0.10%or higher,or aluminum at 0.015%or higher.BProduct analysis limits =0.004to 0.06%.CProduct analysis limits =0.01to 0.16%.TABLE 4Grade 50W [345W]Chemical Requirements (HeatAnalysis)N OTE 1—Types A,B,and C are equivalent to Speciﬁcation A 588/A 588M Grades A,B,and C,respectively.ElementComposition,%A Type AType B Type C Carbon B0.19max 0.20max 0.15max Manganese B 0.80–1.250.75–1.350.80–1.35Phosphorus 0.04max 0.04max 0.04max Sulfur 0.05max 0.05max 0.05max Silicon 0.30–0.650.15–0.500.15–0.40Nickel 0.40max 0.50max 0.25–0.50Chromium 0.40–0.650.40–0.700.30–0.50Copper 0.25–0.400.20–0.400.20–0.50Vanadium0.02–0.100.01–0.100.01–0.10AWeldability data for these types have been qualiﬁed by FHWA for use in bridge construction.BFor each reduction of 0.01percentage point below the speciﬁed maximum for carbon,an increase of 0.06percentage point above the speciﬁed maximum for manganese is permitted,up to a maximum of 1.50%.TABLE 5Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W]and HPS 70W[HPS 485W],and HPS 100W [HPS 690W]Chemical Requirements(Heat Analysis)N OTE 1—Where “...”appears in this table,there is no requirement.ElementComposition,%GradesHPS 50W [HPS 345W],HPS 70W [HPS 485W]GradeHPS 100W [HPS 690W]Carbon 0.11max 0.08max Manganese2.5in.[65mm]and under 1.10–1.350.95–1.50Over 2.5in.[65mm] 1.10–1.50APhosphorus 0.020max 0.015max Sulfur B 0.006max 0.006max Silicon 0.30–0.500.15–0.35Copper 0.25–0.400.90–1.20Nickel 0.25–0.400.65–0.90Chromium 0.45–0.700.40–0.65Molybdenum 0.02–0.080.40–0.65Vanadium0.04–0.080.04–0.08Columbium (Niobium)...0.01–0.03Aluminum 0.010–0.0400.020–0.050Nitrogen0.015max0.015maxA Not applicable.BThe steel shall be calcium treated for sulﬁde shape control.4.1.1Type of component (tension or non-tension,fracturecritical or non-fracture critical)(see Section 10).4.2Impact testing temperature zone (see Table 7).5.General Requirements for Delivery5.1Structural products furnished under this speciﬁcation shall conform to the requirements of the current edition of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M ,for the speciﬁc structural product ordered,unless a conﬂict exists in which case this speciﬁcation shall prevail.5.2Coils are excluded from qualiﬁcation to this speciﬁca-tion until they are processed into a ﬁnished structural product.Structural products produced from coil means structural prod-ucts that have been cut to individual lengths from a coil.The processor directly controls,or is responsible for,the operations involved in the processing of a coil into a ﬁnished structural product.Such operations include decoiling,leveling or straightening,hot-forming or cold-forming (if applicable),cutting to length,testing,inspection,conditioning,heat treat-ment (if applicable),packaging,marking,loading for shipment,and certiﬁcation.N OTE 1—For structural products produced from coil and furnished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only,two test results are to be reported for each qualifying coil.Additional requirements regarding structural products produced from coil are described in Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .6.Materials and Manufacture6.1For Grades 36[250]and 50[345],the steel shall be semi-killed or killed.6.2For Grades 50W [345W],HPS 50W [HPS 345W],and HPS 70W [HPS 485W],the steel shall be made to ﬁne grain practice.6.3For Grade 50S [345S],the steel shall be killed and such shall be affirmed in the test report by a statement of killed steel ,a value of 0.10%or more for the silicon content,or a value of 0.015%or more for the total aluminum content.6.4For Grade 50S [345S],the steelmaking practice used shall be one that produces steel having a nitrogen content not greater than 0.015%and includes the addition of one or more nitrogen-binding elements,or one that produces steel having a nitrogen content of not greater than 0.012%(with or without the addition of nitrogen-binding elements).The nitrogen con-tent need not be reported,regardless of which steelmaking practice was used.6.5For Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W],HPS 70W [HPS 485W],and HPS 100W [HPS 690W],the steel shall be made using a low-hydrogen practice,such as vacuum degassing during steel making;controlled soaking of the ingots,slabs;controlled slow cooling of the ingots,slabs,or plates,or a combination thereof.6.6For Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W],the requirements for ﬁne austenitic grain size in Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M shall be met.6.7Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W]and HPS 70W [HPS 485W]shall be furnished in one of the following conditions:as-rolled,control-rolled,thermo-mechanical control processed (TMCP)with or without accelerated cooling,or quenched and tempered.7.Heat Treatment7.1For quenched and tempered Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W]and HPS 70W [HPS 485W],the heat treatment shall be performed by the manufacturer and shall consist of heating the steel to not less than 1650°F [900°C],quenching it in water or oil,and tempering it at not less than 1100°F [590°C].The heat-treating temperatures shall be reported on the test certiﬁ-cates.7.2For Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W],the heat treatment shall be performed by the manufacturer and shall consist of heating the steel to a temperature in the range from 1600to 1700°F [870to 925°C],quenching it in water,and tempering it at not less than 1050°F [565°C]for a time to be determined by the manufacturer.The heat-treating temperatures shall be reported on the test certiﬁcates.8.Chemical Requirements8.1The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements for the speciﬁed grade,as given in Tables 2-6.8.2For Grade 50S [345S],in addition to the elements listed in Table 6,test reports shall include,for information,the chemical analysis for tin.Where the amount of tin is less than 0.02%,it shall be permissible for the analysis to be reported as <0.02%.8.3For Grade 50S [345S],the maximum permissible car-bon equivalent value shall be 0.47%for structural shapes with ﬂange thickness over 2in.[50mm],and 0.45%for other structural shapes.The carbon equivalent shall be based on heat analysis.The required chemical analysis as well as the carbon equivalent shall be reported.The carbon equivalent shall be calculated using the following formula:CE 5C 1Mn 61~Cr 1Mo 1V !51~Ni 1Cu !15(1)TABLE 6Grade 50S [345S]Chemical Requirements(Heat Analysis)Element Composition,%Carbon,max 0.23Manganese 0.50to 1.60A Silicon,max 0.40Vanadium,max 0.15B Columbium,max 0.05B Phosphorus,max 0.035Sulfur,max 0.045Copper,max 0.60Nickel,max 0.45Chromium,max 0.35Molybdenum,max0.15AProvided that the ratio of manganese to sulfur is not less than 20to 1,the minimum limit for manganese for shapes with ﬂange or leg thickness not exceeding 1in.[25mm]shall be 0.30%.BThe sum of columbium and vanadium shall not exceed 0.15%.TABLE 7Relationship Between Impact Testing TemperatureZones and Minimum Service TemperatureZone Minimum Service Temperature,°F [°C]10[−18]2below 0to −30[−18to −34]3below −30to −60[−34to −51]9.Tensile Requirements9.1The material as represented by test specimens,except as speciﬁed in 9.2,shall conform to the requirements for tensile properties given in Table 1.9.2For Grade 36[250],shapes less than 1in.2[645mm 2]in cross section and bars,other than ﬂats,less than 1⁄2in.[12.5mm]in thickness or diameter need not be subjected to tension tests by the manufacturer.10.Impact Testing Requirements10.1Non-Fracture-Critical,T,Tension Components —Structural products ordered for use as tension components of non-fracture-critical members shall be impact tested in accor-dance with Speciﬁcation A 673/A 673M and as given in Table 8.The test results shall meet the requirements given in Table 8.10.2Fracture-Critical,F ,Tension Components —Structural products ordered for use as tension components of fracture-critical members shall be impact tested in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 673/A 673M and as given in Table 9.The test results shall meet the requirements given in Table 9.10.3Steel grades ordered for use without suffix T or F as listed in 9.1and 9.2do not require impact testing and shall be used as non-tension components or secondary members only.11.Test Specimens and Number of Tension Tests11.1For Grades 36[250],50[345],and 50W [345W],and non-quenched and tempered Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W]and HPS 70W [HPS 485W],location and condition,number of tests,and preparation of test specimens shall meet the require-ments of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .11.2The following requirements,which are in addition to those of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M,shall apply only to Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W]and quenched and tempered Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W]and HPS 70W [HPS 485W].11.2.1When possible,all test specimens shall be cut from the plate in its heat-treated condition.If it is necessary to prepare test specimens from separate pieces,all of these piecesshall be full thickness,and shall be similarly and simulta-neously heat treated with the material.All such separate pieces shall be of such size that the prepared test specimens are free of any variation in properties due to edge effects.11.2.2After ﬁnal heat treatment of the plates,one tension test specimen shall be taken from a corner of each plate as heat treated.N OTE 2—The term “plate”identiﬁes the “plate as heat treated.”12.Retests12.1Grades 36[250],50[345],50S [345S],and 50W [345W],and non-quenched and tempered HPS 50W [HPS 345W]and HPS 70W [HPS 485W]shall be retested in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M.12.2The manufacturer may reheat treat quenched and tempered plates that fail to meet the mechanical property requirements of this speciﬁcation.All mechanical property tests shall be repeated when the material is resubmitted for inspection.13.Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance13.1Steels meeting this speciﬁcation provide two levels of atmospheric corrosion resistance:13.1.1Steel grades without suffix provide a level of atmo-spheric corrosion resistance typical of carbon or alloy steel without copper.13.1.2The steel for Grades 50W [345W],HPS 50W [HPS 345W],and HPS 70W [HPS 485W]shall have an atmospheric corrosion resistance index of 6.0or higher,calculated from the heat analysis in accordance with Guide G 101,Predictive Method Based on the Data of Larabee and Coburn (see Note 3).When properly exposed to the atmosphere,these steels can be used bare (unpainted)for many applications.The steel for Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W]provides an improved level of atmospheric corrosion resistance over alloy steel without copper.TABLE 8Non-Fracture Critical Tension Component Impact Test RequirementsGradeThickness,in.[mm]Minimum Average Energy,ft·lbf [J]Zone 1Zone 2Zone 336T [250T]Ato 4[100]incl15[20]at 70°F [21°C]15[20]at 40°F [4°C]15[20]at 10°F [−12°C]50T [345T]A ,B ,50ST [345ST]A ,B ,50WT [345WT]A ,B to 2[50]inclover 2to 4[50to 100]incl15[20]at 70°F [21°C]20[27]at 70°F [21°C]15[20]at 40°F [4°C]20[27]at 40°F [4°C]15[20]at 10°F [−12°C]20[27]at 10°F [−12°C]HPS 50WT[HPS 345WT]A ,Bto 4[100]incl 20[27]at 10°F [–12°C]20[27]at 10°F [–12°C]20[27]at 10°F [–12°C]HPS 70WT[HPS 485WT]C ,D to 4[100]incl 25[34]at –10°F [–23°C]25[34]at –10°F [–23°C]25[34]at –10°F [–23°C]HPS 100WTto 21⁄2[65]incl25[34]at –30°F [−34°C]25[34]at –30°F [−34°C]25[34]at –30°F [−34°C][HPS 690WT]Cover 21⁄2to 4[65to 100]incl 35[48]at –30°F [–34°C]35[48]at –30°F [–34°C]35[48]at –30°F [–34°C]A The CVN-impact testing shall be at “H”frequency in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 673/A 673M .BIf the yield point of the structural product exceeds 65ksi [450MPa],the testing temperature for the minimum average energy required shall be reduced by 15°F [8°C]for each increment of 10ksi [70MPa]above 65ksi [450MPa].The yield point is the value given in the test report.CThe CVN-impact testing shall be at “P”frequency in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 673/A 673M .DIf the yield strength of the structural product exceeds 85ksi [585MPa],the testing temperature for the minimum average energy required shall be reduced by 15°F [8°C]for each increment of 10ksi [70MPa]above85ksi [585MPa].The yield strength is the value given in the test report.N OTE 3—For methods of estimating the atmospheric corrosion resis-tance of low-alloy steels,see Guide G 101.The user is cautioned that the Guide G 101predictive equation (Predictive Method Based on the Data of Larabee and Coburn)for calculation of an atmospheric corrosion resis-tance index has only been veriﬁed for the composition limits stated in that guide.14.Marking14.1In addition to the marking requirements of Speciﬁca-tion A 6/A 6M ,the structural product shall be marked as follows:14.1.1For Grade 50W [345W],the composition type shall be included.14.1.2For structural products that conform to the require-ments of 10.1,the letter T and the applicable zone number (1,2,or 3)shall follow the grade designation.14.1.3For structural products that conform to the require-ments of 10.2,the letter F and the applicable zone number (1,2,or 3)shall follow the grade designation.15.Keywords15.1alloy;atmospheric corrosion resistance;bars;bridges;carbon;fracture-critical;high-strength;low-alloy;non-fracture critical;plates;quenched;shapes;steel;structural steel;temperedSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall not apply unless speciﬁed in the purchase order or contract.Standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are listed in Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .Those that are considered suitable for use with this speciﬁcation are listed by title:S8.Ultrasonic ExaminationS5.1Refer to S8of Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M .S32.Single Heat BundlesS32.1Bundles containing shapes or bars shall be from a single heat of steel.S60.Frequency of Tension TestsS60.1Tension testing that is additional to the tension testing required by Speciﬁcation A 6/A 6M shall be made,as follows:S60.1.1Plate —One tension test shall be made using a test specimen taken from each as-rolled or as-heat treated plate.S60.1.2Structural Shapes —One tension test shall be made using a test specimen taken from each 5tons [5Mg]of material produced on the same mill of the same nominal size,excluding length,from each heat of steel.For single pieces that weigh more than 5tons [5Mg]individually,each piece shall be tested.If shapes are heat treated,one test shall be made on specimens taken from each heat of the same nominal size,excluding length,in each furnace lot.S60.1.3Bars —One tension test shall be made using a test specimen taken from each 5tons [5Mg]of the same heat and same diameter or thickness if the material is furnished as-rolled or is heat treated in a continuous-type furnace.For material heat treated in other than a continuous-type furnace,one testTABLE 9Fracture Critical Tension Component Impact Test RequirementsGradeThickness,in.[mm]Minimum Test Value Energy,A ft-lbf [J]Minimum Average Energy A ,ft·lbf [J]Zone 1Zone 2Zone 336F [250F]to 4[100]incl 20[27]25[34]at 70°F [21°C]25[34]at 40°F [4°C]25[34]at 10°F [−12°C]50F [345F]B ,50SF [345SF]B ,50WF [345WF]Bto 2[50]incl over 2to 4[50to 100]incl 20[27]24[33]25[34]at 70°F [21°C]30[41]at 70°F [21°C]25[34]at 40°F [4°C]30[41]at 40°F [4°C]25[34]at 10°F [−12°C]30[41]at 10°F [−12°C]HPS 50WF [HPS 345WF]B to 4[100]incl 24[33]30[41]at 10°F [–12°C]30[41]at 10°F [–12°C]30[41]at 10°F [−12°C]HPS 70WF [HPS 485WF]C to 4[100]incl 28[38]35[48]at –10°F [–23°C]35[48]at –10°F [−23°C]35[48]at −10°F [−23°C]HPS 100WF [HPS 690WF]to 21⁄2[65]incl28[38]35[48]at –30°F [−34°C]35[48]at –30°F [−34°C]35[48]at –30°F [–34°C]AThe CVN-impact testing shall be at “P”frequency in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 673/A 673M except for plates of Grades 36F [250F],50F [345F],50WF [345WF],HPS 50WF [HPS 345WF],and HPS 70WF [HPS 485WF],for which the sampling shall be as follows:(1)As-rolled (including control-rolled and TMCP)plates shall be sampled at each end of each plate-as-rolled.(2)Normalized plates shall be sampled at one end of each plate,as heat treated.(3)Quenched and tempered plates shall be sampled at each end of each plate,as heat treated.BIf the yield point of the structural product exceeds 65ksi [450MPa],the testing temperature for the minimum average energy and minimum test value energy required shall be reduced by 15°F [8°C]for each increment of 10ksi [70MPa]above 65ksi [450MPa].The yield point is the value given in the test report.CIf the yield strength of the structural product exceeds 85ksi [585MPa],the testing temperature for the minimum average energy and minimum test value energy required shall be reduced by 15°F[8°C]for each increment of 10ksi [70MPa]above 85ksi [585MPa].The yield strength is the value given in the test report.。

Evonik PMMA 介绍(Chinese)

Performance Polymers –BL Acrylic Polymers
Degussa Forhouse,Taiwan
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上海的R&D / 技术中心不断壮大
技术中心关注于区域性的需求：
• 应用技术及工厂支持
• 与当地大学，研究所等学术机构建立联系
• 快速响应客户 • 为客户和销售提供培训
PLEXIGLAS® PLEXIGLAS® zk: PLEXIGLAS® hw: PLEXIGLAS® df : PLEXIGLAS® POQ PLEXALLOY® NTA: PLEXIMID®: CYROLITE®:
PMMA,标准级 PMMA,抗冲改性级 PMMA共聚产品,高耐热级 PMMA 添加光散射粒子,光散射级 PMMA,光学级别 PMMA基共混聚合物，不透明共混聚合物 PMMI,最高耐热级 MBS, 医用级别
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1. 赢创, 新公司 2. Performance Polymers 业务部门 3. PLEXIGLAS® 模塑料
- 产品和应用 - 细分市场 4. PLEXIGLAS® 模塑料 - 生产工艺
Properties of Acrylic Polymer resins
特点:
无以伦比的耐候性优异的抗老化性能较好的力学性能较好的尺寸稳定性模制品具有出色的表面性能，例如： - 耐刮擦 - 高表面硬度 - 高亮度不含如重金属、卤素之类的有毒有害物质无固有色，易于着色杰出的透光性良好的耐化学性 100%可回收性形状、颜色、透明性和表面形态可自由设计
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全球化的赢创
Evonik 在全球52 个国家拥有生产和分销中心，并在100个国家运营。

astm a709对应国内标准

astm a709对应国内标准ASTM A709是一种适用于正火和控轧条件下的结构钢板材的美国标准。

该标准涵盖了碳素和低合金钢材料的力学性能要求、化学成分限制和规范化的加工要求。

国内对于ASTM A709的相关标准主要参考内容包括：1. GB/T 6728-2002 "冷弯型材技术条件"：该标准适用于冷弯型材(方形、矩形、梯形、带圆角矩形和平面椭圆管等)的生产和使用，对其化学成分、力学性能、尺寸、重量和允许偏差等进行了详细规定。

2. GB/T 700-2006 "碳素结构钢"：该标准适用于非合金结构钢和低合金结构钢的制造。

标准规定了钢材的化学成分、力学性能要求以及加工和热处理要求等。

3. GB/T 1591-2018 "高强度低合金结构钢"：该标准适用于高强度低合金结构钢的制造。

标准规定了化学成分、力学性能、冲击性能和检验方法等要求。

4. GB/T 2970-2016 "钢材拉伸试验断口形式及表征"：该标准规定了钢材拉伸试验的断口形式及其表征。

通过对断口形式的观察和评定，可以反映钢材的力学性能和材料的质量。

5. GB/T 4336-2016 "碳素和合金钢化学分析方法"：该标准规定了用于碳素结构钢和合金结构钢的化学成分分析方法。

通过化学分析，可以准确测定钢材中各种元素的含量和成分，以满足标准要求。

除了以上国内标准，根据具体需要，还可以参考其他国内相关标准，如GB/T 1591-2008 "高强度低合金结构钢"、GB/T 709-2006 "结构用热轧钢板和宽钢带"等标准。

这些标准主要涉及钢材的化学成分、力学性能、尺寸、冲击性能、加工和热处理要求等方面，与ASTM A709的要求有类似之处，可以作为参考依据。

同时，还需关注具体标准的发布年份和最新修订情况，以确保参考内容的准确性和适用性。

709铁红环氧带锈防锈底漆技术参数

709铁红环氧带锈防锈底漆（双组分）组成该漆由渗透性环氧树脂加入铁红、多种活性防锈颜料、稳锈颜料及助剂等为A组分，以固化剂为B组分的双组分常温固化低表面处理的防锈底漆。

主要特性具有良好的耐水、防锈性能良好的附着力、柔韧性能与大部分油漆体系配套可减轻劳动强度，节省施工费用。

提高劳动效率，改善劳动卫生环境用途该漆可直接涂刷于有残余锈蚀的钢铁表面，广泛应用于除尘器、海洋采油设施、石油化工装置、桥梁、机械、管道外壁等钢铁结构带锈涂装。

技术指标颜色及外观铁红，漆膜平整光滑干燥时间（25℃）表干≤2h实干≤24h完全固化：7天施工参数成分A、B两组分配比A组分：B组分=100：16（重量比）混合方法将A组分充分搅拌，加入B组分，继续搅拌至均匀密度约 1.5g / cm3干膜厚度60μm湿膜厚度120 μm闪点27℃理论用量0.25 kg/㎡熟化期（25℃） 30min适用期（25℃）5小时复涂间隔时间25℃，最短为6小时，最长7天建议涂装道数2道，干膜厚度80μm后道配套用漆环氧类中间漆、面漆、氯化橡胶类面漆、聚氨酯类面漆、环氧沥青漆等表面处理除去钢铁表面的浮锈、油污和水，对表面上疏松氧化皮也应尽量清除干净。

对有旧漆膜的表面，除漆膜完整并与基材附着力较好者外，应用砂纸打磨干净。

底材温度底材温度需高于露点以上3℃涂装方法无气喷涂稀释剂 101专用稀释剂稀释量 0-5%（以油漆重量记）喷嘴口径 0.4-0.5mm喷涂压力 15-25Mpa(约150-250kg/cm2)空气喷涂稀释剂 101专用稀释剂稀释量 0-10%（以油漆重量记）喷嘴口径 2.0-3.0mm喷涂压力 0.3-0.4Mpa(约3-4kg/cm2)刷涂/滚涂稀释剂 101专用稀释剂稀释量 0-3%（以油漆重量记）清洗剂 101专用稀释剂安全措施 B、D类详细解释参见《安全卫生操作标志》通风量 1kg油漆或稀释剂油漆 a.达到爆炸极限下限（LEL）的10% 85m3b.达到安全卫生标准（TLV） 3510m3稀释剂 a.达到LEL的10% 270m3b.达到安全卫生标准（TLV） 9000m3储藏期限12个月（室内通风干冷处）注意事项·施工时所用的工具必须保证干燥清洁·漆与固化剂应严格按配比调配，用多少配多少，熟化30min后使用。

ASTM A709 Grade HPS 70W美标桥梁钢板,A709 HPS 70W钢板规格

ASTM A709 Grade HPS 70W美标桥梁钢板，A709 HPS 70W钢板规格，A709Gr HPS 70W钢板切割ASTM A709 Grade HPS 70W 是美标桥梁钢板，执行标准：ASTM A709/A709M.A709MGr50W 美标桥梁板厚度拉伸性能：所谓钢板的厚度拉伸性能，大多指钢板的Z向性能。

A709MGr50W 钢板可定制Z15/Z25/Z35三个级别的Z向性能。

已提高了抗大气腐蚀性。

A709Gr Hps50W耐大气腐蚀性能等级为典型的不含铜的碳素或合金钢。

ASTM A709 Grade50W钢板库存：#舞阳孙凡#ASTM A709/A709M在可供应的九个型号中有如下四个屈服强度级别是：级别U.S.(SI) 屈服强度ksi(MPa)A709Gr36 (250W) 36(250W)A709 HPS 70W (345) 50W(345)A709Gr50S (345S) 50(345)A709 HPS 70W (HPS 345W) 50(345)HPS 70W (HPS 485W) 50(345)HPS 70W (HPS 485W) 70(485)A709Gr100 (690) 100(6920)HPS 70W (HPS 690W) 100(6920)ASTM A709 Grade HPS 70W是断裂临界抗拉构件的桥梁板A709Gr50WT是非断裂临界抗拉构件桥梁板A709 HPS 70W钢板规格：A709 HPS 70W 10*2438*9144A709 HPS 70W 12*2438*9144A709 HPS 70W 14*2438*9144A709 HPS 70W 16*2438*9144A709 HPS 70W 20*2438*9144A709 HPS 70W 25*2438*9144A709 HPS 70W钢板探伤标准：可按照我国(JB4730，GB/T2970)、美国(A435、A577、A588)、日本(JISG0801、JISG0901)、德国(SEL072)、英国(BS5996)、法国(NFS04-305)等国内外探伤标准出产查验，可提出一级、二级、三级探伤要求。