下半年《大学英语四》第3次作业

•问题1
得 2 分，满分 2 分 Global Warming
Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but —regardless of whether it is or isn’t —we won’t do much about it.
We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-
sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.
A1 Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely
recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we
don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and — without major technological breakthroughs —we can’t do much about it.
From 2003 to 2050, the world’s population is predicted to grow from 6.4
billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology
remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2)
will be 42% higher in 2050.But that’s too low, because societies that grow richer
use more energy. We need econom ic growth unless we leave the world’s poor to
their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. With modest
growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050.
No government will adopt strict restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they’re “doing something” Consider the
Kyoto Protocol. It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But it
hasn’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories
didn’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.
The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the
only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development
program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing
with it.
The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral
problem when it’s really an engin eering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we
don’t solve the engineering problem, we’re helpless.
1．What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?
答案
所选答案：
D．Very little will be done to bring it under control.
•问题2
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2．According to the author’s understanding, what is Al Gore’s view on global
warming?
答案
所选答案：
C．It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.
•问题3
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3．Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______.
答案
所选答案：
A．economic growth
•问题4
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4．The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, _______.
答案
所选答案：
B．few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy
use
•问题5
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5．What is the message the author intends to convey?
答案
所选答案：
B．The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.
•问题6
得 2 分，满分 2 分 Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have
become more health conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating
more nutritiously（有营养）and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary
fat that they may have.
Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they
are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so-called
" plastic " fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich
of more healthful ingredients（成分） in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to
eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.
While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting
for them has actually become a psychological addiction（依赖）. They
eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total
body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist
that they are fat.
The current wave of exercising, dieting and the problems
produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public.
Many schools, hospitals, health organizations, newspapers and magazines, for example, are offering classes, printing booklet
articles, etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet,
of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can
go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to "diet addiction".
1、These days people are dieting more because they have become more
health conscious.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题7
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2、They are taking less time for each meal now.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题8
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3、" They look like skeletons" in the third paragraph most probably means they are
too thin.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题9
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4、The main idea of the last paragraph is about what kind of media can be used to educate the public.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题10
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5、According to this passage the atmosphere of eating has something to do with health.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题11
得 2 分，满分 2 分 By definition, heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by
uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of
others----they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and
women recognized for shaping our nation's consciousness and development as
well as the lives of those who admire them. Yet, some people say that ours is an
age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of
heroism is something beyond us----an artifact of the past. Some maintain, that
because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace, our age is
essentially an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty
has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be
made in medical science.
Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity (明星) , who
are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? That's hard to answer. In
part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance,
the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the moment she found true love.
Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with
the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic
death----such as Martin Luther King, Jr., John F. Kennedy, and
Princess Diana. (258 words)
1. The passage mainly deals with .
答案
所选答案：
C. heroes and icons
•问题12
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2. Heroes and heroines are usually .
答案
所选答案：
D. all of the above
•问题13
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3. Which of the following statements is wrong?
答案
所选答案：
D. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times.
•问题14
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love .
答案
所选答案：
C. just before her death
•问题15
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5. What is more likely to set an icon's status?
答案
所选答案：
B. Tragic and early death.
•问题16
得 2 分，满分 2 分 What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people
born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live?
These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental exercise is particularly important for young
children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents
should play with their children more often and give them problems to
think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great
deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always
telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child
is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably
better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such
as "That was a very clever thing you did." or "You are such a smart child."
1、The word "intelligent" in the 1st paragraph probably mean bright.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题17
得 2 分，满分 2 分
2、According to the context we can guess that a genius is a normal person
while an idiot is a funny person.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题18
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3、A person born with a good brain and putting it into active use is more likely to become a genius.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题19
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4、It is better for parents to praise and encourage their children more often.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题20
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5、Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题21
得 2 分，满分 2 分 What must you do when you receive a present for your birthday? You have to sit
down and write a thank-you note. The words "Thank you" are very important. We
have to use them on so many occasions. We say them when someone gives us a
drink, helps us to pick up things, hands us a letter, lends us a book or gives us a
gift.
Another important word is "please". Many people forget to use
it. It is rude to ask someone to do something without saying "please".
We have to use it when we ask for something, too. It may be a book or
a pencil, more rice or more sauce, help or advice. It may be in the classroom, at home, at the bus-stop or over the counter. We have to
use "please" to make our request pleasant.
We have to learn to say "sorry" too. When we have hurt someone's feeling, we will have to go up and say we are sorry. When we have told
a lie and feel sorry, we will have to use the same word. When we have forgotten something or broken a promise, we will have to explain with
that word, too. "Sorry" is a healing word. We can make people forget wrongs by using it sincerely.
These three words are simple but important. They are pleasing words
to use in any language.
1. When we receive a birthday present, we have to ______.
答案
所选答案：
D. write a thank-you note
•问题22
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2. When someone helps us to do something, we should ______.
答案
所选答案：
A. thank him
•问题23
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3. We may be considered rude if we ask other s to do something but we don’t say
______.
答案
所选答案：
D. "please"
•问题24
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4. We have to use the word "please" when we ______.
答案
所选答案：
B. ask for some advice
•问题25
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5. The three important words "thanks", "please" and "sorry" in any language are
all ______.
答案
所选答案：
D. all of the above
•问题26
得 2 分，满分 2 分 The word "horsepower" was first used two hundred years ago. James Watt had
made the world's first widely used steam engine. He had no way of telling people
exactly how powerful it was, for at that time there were no units for measuring
power.
Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could
do in one minute. He called that unit one horsepower. With this unit
he could measure the work his steam engine could do.
He discovered that a horse could lift a 3300-pound weight 10
feet into the air on one minute. His engine could lift a 33-pound weight
100 feet in one minute.
Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt
called it a ten horsepower engine.
1、The passage says that Watt made the first widely used steam engine.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题27
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2、Watt wanted to find a way to lift a 3300-pound weight.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题28
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3、He made up a unit of measurement based on the strength of a horse.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题29
得 2 分，满分 2 分
4、One horsepower would equal the weight of one horse.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题30
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5、The possible title for this passage is The Origin of the Term
"Horsepower".
答案
所选答案：对
•问题31
得 2 分，满分 2 分 If you travel by air across the center of Africa or South America, you fly over
forests for thousands of kilometers. These great forests are the oceans of trees.
There are thousands and thousands of different kinds of plants and animals.
However, the world's forests are getting smaller all the time.
We are cutting down the trees because we need wood, and we need more farmland. Some people say that there will not be any forests like these
in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they disappear?
If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from the world. In a lot of places the new farmland will soon
look like the old deserts. Crops will not grow there. It will not rain
very often, and the weather will get very hot. Perhaps the climate of
the world will change. This will be dangerous for everyone in the world.
That is why we must take care of our forests.
1、The passage mainly tells us about the importance of taking care of plants.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题32
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2、Forests are homes for different kinds of animals.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题33
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3、The need for more wood and more land help to protect our forests.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题34
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4、We'll have more and greater forests in 20 or 30 years in some people's view.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题35
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5、The writer thinks it necessary to protect the forests.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题36
得 2 分，满分 2 分 All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy
and help them to live longer.
Sports change with the season. People play different games in
winter and summer.
Games and sports often grow out of people's work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday
life; they use them in their sports, too.
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.
Some sports or games go back to thousands of years ago, like running
or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years
old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help
to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair,
to win without pride and to lose with grace.
1、According to this passage we know that people began to play games
about one hundred years ago.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题37
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2、The writer didn't tell us in this passage that basketball was invented in America.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题38
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3、People all over the world enjoy sports because sports are interesting.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题39
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4、From this passage we can see that according to the author sports and games are significant to our life in many respects.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题40
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5、The writer's attitude towards sports is positive.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题41
得 2 分，满分 2 分 We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that
these words and gestures can be understood in different ways.
It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter
or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different
animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show
their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns. Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all
over the world. In both Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like “he went
pale and began to tremble” suggests that the man is either very afra id or he has just
got a very big shock.
However, “he opened his eyes wide” is used to suggest anger in Chinese
whereas in English it means surprise. In Chinese “surprise” can be described in a
phrase like ‘they stretched out their tongues!’ Sticking out y our tongue in English
is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike.
Even in the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than
men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people’s faces. Other
studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand
body language than younger people do.
1．According to the passage, __________.
答案
所选答案：
C．people may interpret gestures and words in various ways.
•问题42
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2．By using the example of dogs, tigers and humans, the author intends to
illustrate ________.
答案
所选答
案： C．humans and animals share something in common in expressing
their feelings.
•问题43
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3．We can learn from Paragraph 3, misunderstanding of facial expressions may
occur among those who differ in ______.
答案
所选答案：
A．cultural background
•问题44
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4．The word “insulting” in the third paragraph can best be replaced by ________.
答案
所选答案：
A．impolite
•问题45
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5．The best title for this passage may be __________.
答案
所选答案：
D．Words, Gestures and Feelings
•问题46
得 2 分，满分 2 分 A man got into a train and found himself sitting opposite a woman who seemed to
be about thirty-five years old. Soon they began talking to each other, and the man
said to her, "Do you have a family?"
"Yes, I have one son," the woman answered.
"Oh, really?" said the man. "Does he smoke?"
"No, he's never touched a cigarette," the woman replied.
"That's good," the man continued. "I don't smoke either. Tobacco
is very bad to one's health. And does your son drink wine?"
"Oh, no," the woman answered at once. "He's never drunk a drop
of it."
"Then I congratulate you, ma'am," the man said. "And does he
ever come home late at night?"
"No, never," his neighbor answered. "He goes to bed immediately
after dinner every night."
"Well," the man said, "he's a wise young man. How old is he?"
"He's six months old today. But he will grow up to be a gentleman," the woman replied proudly.
1、The man and the woman are talking about the woman's son.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题47
得 2 分，满分 2 分 2、The woman thinks her son will be a gentleman.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题48
得 2 分，满分 2 分 3、The conversation took place on a train.
答案
所选答案：对
•问题49
得 2 分，满分 2 分 4、The word "disappointed" probably best describes the man's feeling at the end of
the conversation.
答案
所选答案：错
•问题50
得 2 分，满分 2 分 5、The woman is so proud of her son that she does not really understand what the
man's questions mean.
答案
所选答案：错。