2014届中考英语话题知识拓展(常用句型+重难点解析)Topic 3周围的环境
2014届中考英语话题知识拓展(常用句型+重难点解析)Topic 13社会、自然与环境
Topic 13社会、自然与环境（一）国家与民族常用句型1. The population of the world is becoming larger and larger. 世界人口变得越来越多。
2. What's the population of your country? 你们国家的人口有多少？3. What language can you speak? 你会说什么语言？4. I will meet friends from English speaking countries. 我要去见我那些来自讲英语的国家的朋友。
5. What is the capital of the Canada? 加拿大的首都是什么（地方）？6. Which country is in the east of China? 哪个国家在中国的东边？7. I think China is a very interesting country. 我认为中国是一个非常有趣的国家。
8. We should try our best to protect our environment. 我们应该努力保护我们的环境。
重难点精析考点一population的用法population表示“人口数”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
表示“有多少人口”时，一般说has a population of...或the populationof...is...。
如：China has a population of about 1.3 billion. = The population of China is about 1.3 billion. 中国大约有十三亿人口。
population前有分数、百分数等修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：Two thirds of the population in this country are farmers. 这个国家三分之二的人口是农民。
河南省2014届中考英语人教考点解密：第二部分 语法专题突破 (14份)
专题一名词重难点精讲考点精讲命题点1名词词义辨析1.语境辨析（2012年、2011年、2010年各1次）分析河南近五年中招真题，名词辨析侧重于语境辨析，同时较少涉及单复数、固定搭配。
学生在做题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中关键信息，并分析各个选项表达的意思，结合日常生活的常识及语境，即可选出正确答案。
另外，平时学习的过程中，可结合词汇分类记忆表中常见名词基本词义，并背诵教材中常见的固定搭配。
2.近义词辨析（2013年1次）河南近五年中招对近义名词考查较少，以下词条为初中常见几组近义词：◆home家，house房子，family家庭，address地址(详见本书课时讲解部分七年级（上）Units seven-twelve）◆message口信，information信息，news新闻（详见本书课时讲解部分八年级（上）Units four-six）◆voice嗓音，noise噪音,sound声音（详见本书课时讲解部分八年级（下）Units one-two）◆question和problemquestion指需要解决或解答的问题，如：考试方面的问题，常与ask/answer连用;problem 指提出的疑难的、困难的、需要解决的问题，如：失业、人口等问题。
◆work和jobjob是可数名词，指一项具体的工作，多指“零工”或“短工”。
如：Selling newspapers is his part time job. 卖报纸是他的兼职工作。
work是不可数名词，指需要花体力和脑力的工作。
如：He is out of work. 他失业了。
◆city, village和countrysidecity是可数名词，指城市；village也是可数名词，指村庄；countryside多指郊外。
其他词汇详见本书所附的词汇分类速记表。
命题点2名词的数河南中招对名词单复数的涉及较少，学生只需掌握以下内容：1.可数名词的变化规则（2009年1次）构成方法例词单数名词词尾加s map→maps; boy→boys;horse→horses; table→tables以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加es class→classes; box→boxes;speech→speeches;dish→dishes以o结尾的名词，变复数时通常加 es hero→heroes; tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es；以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加 s family →families;city→cities; party→parties;boy→boys以f或fe结尾的名词，先变f或fe为v，再加es；个别直接加sshelf→shelves; wolf→wolves; life→lives; knife →knives; roof→roofs; leaf→leaves不规则变化child→children; foot→feet; mouse→mice; man→men; deer→deer; sheep→sheep; Chinese→Chinese注意：不同国籍的人单数变复数：中日不变、英法特殊变，其余后面s添。
河南省2014届中考英语考点解密 第二部分 语法专题突破 专题十三 简单句 人教新目标版
专题十三简单句重难点精讲考点精讲命题点1五大基本句型1. 主语加系动词加表语。
如：The bike is new.这辆自行车是新的。
The hat looks nice on you!(系动词还有feel, taste, smell, sound)你戴这顶帽子真好看！2. 主语加不及物动词。
如：He swims in the river every summer.他每年夏天在这条河里游泳。
3. 主语加及物动词加宾语。
如：Children often sing this song.孩子们经常唱这首歌。
4. 主语加及物动词加间接宾语+直接宾语。
如：She showed her friends all her pictures.＝She showed all her pictures to her friends.她向她的朋友们展示她的图画。
5. 主语加及物动词加宾语加宾语补足语。
如：We keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们保持教室干净整洁。
命题点2there be句型1. “there+be加somebody./something.加地点”表示“某处有某人或某物”。
be动词必须和主语保持人称和数的一致。
如果主语部分是两个以上的并列主语，be动词一般和邻近主语的数和人称保持一致。
如：There is a desk and two chairs in the classroom. 教室里有一张书桌两把椅子。
2. 若变为一般疑问句则需要把be提前到句首。
如：Is there a desk and two chairs in the classroom? 教室里有张书桌和两把椅子吗？3. there be结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。
如：There used to be several houses behind the two buildings.过去这两幢楼后面有几间房子。
2014届中考英语人教考点解密：第一部分 教材知识梳理 八年级上册(4份)
八年级（上）Units 1到3重难点精讲考点1—How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？—I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视。
（Page two）【用法归纳】辨析how often, how soon, how long与how farhow often多久一次，提问频度（sometimes; once a week）how long①多长②多久，提问①物体长度（twenty meters long）②时间段（since ninteen seventy-eight; for thirty years）how soon多久之后，提问in加时间段（in one hundred years）how far多远，提问距离（five minutes' walk）如：—How often do you go to the movies?你每隔多久看一次电影呢?—Once a week. 每周一次。
注意：how many times 意为“几次”,仅仅用于询问次数,其答语常用twice, three times等。
如：—How many times did you go to Shanghai? 你去过上海几次？—Only twice. 就两次。
—How soon will Kungfu Panda two be on show?《功夫熊猫2》多久之后会上映？—In a few days.几天以后吧。
—How long will the cruise take? 海上航游要花多长时间？—Three hours.三个小时。
How long is the desk?这个桌子有多长？考点2 I try to eat a lot of vegetables.我尽量多吃蔬菜。
（Page five）【用法归纳】try的用法try 作动词，意为“试图，努力，试用”; 作名词，意为“尝试”。
中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic10 购物(常用句型+重难点解析)
中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic10 购物（常用句型+重难点解析）（一）商品常用句型1. How much are these pants? 这些裤子多钱？2. What do you want? 你想要什么？3. We have the yellow shorts and the green sweater. 我们有黄色的短裤和绿色的毛衣。
4. These skirts are on sale. 这些裙子廉价出售。
5. It is 7 dollars. 它是7美元。
6. What's your mother's favorite color? 你妈妈最喜欢什么颜色？7. Why not buy a scarf? 为什么不买一条围巾呢？8. The moon cake is round. 月饼是圆的。
9. What color is it？它是什么颜色？10. I need a big bottle of water. 我需要一大瓶水。
11. We buy the sofa at a very good price. 我们以一个非常便宜的价格买了这个沙发。
12. This pair of shoes is too big for me to wear. 这双鞋子我穿太大了。
13. The products in this store are very popular. 这个商店的商品很受欢迎。
重难点精析考点一辨析how much与how manyHow much+be+主语？用来询问价格，如：How much is the sweater?这件毛衣多少钱？提问不可数名词的数量用 How much, 提问可数名词的数量用 How many。
pants:因为裤子由对称的两部分组成，所以只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
但若用量词 pair of, 谓语动词的单复数视 pair 的单复数而定，类似的名词有： trousers, shorts, glasses, scissors 等。
2014年中考英语常考知识点汇总 (转)
2014年中考英语常考知识点汇总(转)下面是2014年中考英语常考知识点，供大家参考。
中考英语有很多知识点，但每年必考，常考的同学们必须掌握。
今天小编来给大家总结历年中考考试频率最高的知识点，希望能帮到大家：1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.“stop to do sth.”表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth.”所表示的事情，可以将“to do sth.”理解成“stop”的目的状语：“stop doing sth.”表示不做“doing sth.”所表示的事情。
例如：“Stop talking. Let's begin our class.”said the teacher. 老师说：“别说话了，让我们开始上课。
”We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let's stop to listen to music. 我们做家庭作业很长时间了，让我们停下来听听音乐。
2.have sth. done.(过去分词)(让别人)做某事例如：I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了发。
My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的电脑有故障了，我必须让人修好它。
3.forget to do sth.和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth.)“forget to do sth.”表示将来不要忘记做某事，谈的是未来的事情：“forget doing sth.”表示忘记过去应该做的事情。
例如：“Don't forget to do your homework.”said the teacher before the class was over.老师在下课前说：“不要忘记做家庭作业。
2014年中考英语书面表达热点话题
2014年中考英语书面表达热点话题：生活中的烦恼都会使人产生压力,为了更好地发现及解决同学们中存在的心理压力问题,你们班特意开展了一次以"Less Pressure, Better Life"为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你准备发言稿,谈谈你的一些缓解压力的好办法,与同学分享,内容包括:(1) 同学们中普遍存在的压力是什么;(2) 我的压力是什么;(3) 我是如何成功缓解我的压力的。
注意:文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。
词数80~100。
★范文Less Pressure, Better LifeHello, boys and girls!Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world. Students in our class are under too much pressure. Some students can’t get on well with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams.I’m always under pressure, too. My parents want me to be the top student in class. So they send me to all kinds of after-classes at weekends. Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother. I told her I was not lazy. I really felt tired. I needed time to relax. My mother agreed with me at last. So I think a conversation with parents is necessary to solve the problem.That’s all. Thank you!2014年中考英语书面表达热点话题：网络游戏题目：李华沉迷于电脑游戏中，影响了学习。
2014中考英语知识梳理“中考范例2”（八上）
2014中考英语知识梳理“中考范例2”（八上）中考频道在考试后及时公布各科中考试题答案和中考作文及试卷专家点评，请广大考生家长关注。
时光飞逝，暑假过去了，新学期开始了，不管情愿与否，无论准备与否，我们已走进初三，走近我们的梦!祝愿决战2014中考的新初三学员能加倍努力，在2014年中考中也能取得优异的成绩。
【知识梳理】【中考范例】1. (2004年长沙市中考试题)---Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow?---I think we‟ll go if we ________ too much homework.A. will haveB. hadC. won‟t haveD. don‟t have【解析】答案：D。
该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。
在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。
2. (2004年佛山市中考试题)You have been to Tibet, _________? I was told that the snow-covered mountains were very beautiful.A. have youB. haven‟t youC. don‟t you【解析】答案：B。
该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。
反意疑问句的前一部分是肯定句，后一部分就应该是否定的疑问部分，而且要和前一部分保持时态上的一致。
3. (2004年扬州市中考试题)---Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist(相扑手).---Wow, ______________!A. How a fat manB. What a fat manC. How fat manD. What fat man【解析】答案：B。
该题考查的是感叹句的构成。
这个感叹句省略了主谓部分，只保留了感叹部分。
如果以What开头，就应该是Whata fat man! 如果是How开头，就应该是How fat!4. (2004年福建省泉州市中考试题)---Thanks for your help.---__________________A. It doesn‟t matterB. Don‟t thank meC. You‟re welcomeD. That‟s right【解析】答案：C。
中考英语话题知识拓展 topic1 个人情况(常用句型+重难点解析)
Topic 1 个人情况（一）个人基本信息常用句型1. What is her name? 她叫什么名字？2. My name is Gina. 我叫吉娜。
3. How old are you? =What is your age? 你多大了？=你几岁了？4. I am 14 years old and my birthday is in November. 我十四岁了，我的生日在十一月。
5. When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？6. When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？7. Where is she from? 她来自哪里？8. Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？9. What is her telephone number? 她的电话号码是多少？10. What does the girl look like？那个女孩长什么样？11. He is really tall and he has curly hair. 他个子很高，长了一头卷发。
12. She always wears a red dress and white shoes. 她总是穿着红色的裙子和白色的鞋子。
13. What color are your eyes and hair? 你的眼睛和头发是什么颜色的？14. He has short straight hair. 他的头发又短又直。
15. She is good-looking but she is a little bit quiet. 她很漂亮但有些安静。
16. How tall are you? I'm 1.6 meters tall. 你多高？一米六。
17. She doesn't have long hair now. 她现在不留长头发了。
18. I used to be really quiet but I am very outgoing now. 我过去很内向，但现在很开朗。
河北冀教版中考英语 14_第14课时 九年级(全) Unit 3~Unit 4
单项选择
①I found a nail B into the tyre.
A.sticks
B.sticking C.to stick D.stuck
②The old woman walks with the help of her walking A .
A.stick B.bar
C.wood
D.tree
词汇 用法
例句
safe safety
形容词,意为“安全的;平安的”,反义词是 We need to find a safe place.我们需要找一个安全的地方。 dangerous 名词,意为“安全,平安”,反义词是danger I’m worried about the safety of the treatment.我担心这种疗法是否安全。
9. protect...from 使……免于……;防止……遭受…… 10. keep an eye out for 密切注意;提防;警觉 11. compared with 和……相比较 12. a set number of 一定数量的 13. make one’s living 谋生 14. jump into 跳入……中;潜入 15. once upon a time 从前 16. run away 逃跑 17. no longer 不再;不复
5.What should you do if this happens to you? 如果这发生在你身上,你应该做什么? 6.I don’t know whose fault it was.我不知道这是谁的错误。
写作常备 1.I wanted to keep/stop/prevent her from running after that ball, but she didn’t hear me. 我想阻止她追赶那个球,但是她没有听见我(的话)。 2.I felt so terrible that I lay down again. 我感到很难受,以至于我又躺下了。 3.You need to have something strong around you to protect you
中考英语话题知识拓展 topic3 周围的环境(常用句型+重难点解析)
Topic 3周围的环境常用句型1. Where is the post office? 邮局在哪儿？2. Is there a bank near here? 这儿附近有银行吗?3. The pay phone is across from the library. 投币电话亭在图书馆对面。
4. The restaurant is in front of the hospital. 餐馆在医院前面。
5. Just go straight and turn left. It is down Bridge Street on the right. 直走左转就行，它就在桥街的右边。
6. It is next to the cinema. 它在电影院的旁边。
7. My house is on a busy street. 我家的房子在一条热闹的街上。
8. Let me tell you the way to my home. 让我告诉你去我家的路。
9. Is it far from here? 它离这儿远吗？10. Take the elevator to the second floor. 坐电梯到二楼。
11. Could you tell me how to get to the museum? 能告诉我怎么去博物馆吗？12. There used to be a restaurant, but now it is a flower shop. 这儿原来是家餐馆，但现在是一家花店。
13. Many changes have taken place in our city. 我们的城市发生了很多变化。
14. There are a lot of tall buildings in my hometown. 我的家乡有很多高楼大厦。
15. The library lies in the south of the post office, across from the bank. 图书馆在邮局的南边，银行的对面。
【2020】中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic3 周围的环境(常用句型+重难点解析)
2.. 用英语指路的常用句型：
Cross the street and go ahead.. 过马路，一直往前走。
It'll take you no more than ten minutes to walk there.. 用不了10分钟你就走到那儿了。
Walk along the road and turn left when you find a hospital.. Cuihu Park is down the street on your right.. Across from the park is a restaurant..
The park is really a good place to have fun.. It's beautiful and cool with many trees and flowers.. You can swim, play games or have a picnic there..
【2020】中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic3 周围的环境（常用句型+重难点解析）
编 辑：__________________
时 间：__________________
常用句型
1.. Where is the post office? 邮局在哪儿？
2.. Is there a bank near here? 这儿附近有银行吗?
14.. There are a lot of tall buildings in my hometown.. 我的家乡有很多高楼大厦。
15.. The library lies in the south of the post office, across from the bank.. 图书馆在邮局的南边，银行的对面。
2014届中考英语话题知识拓展 Topic2 家庭 朋友与周围的人(常用句型+重难点解析)
Topic 2 家庭、朋友与周围的人常用句型1. This is my family. 这是我家人。
2. We are a happy family. 我们是一个欢乐的家庭。
3. This is Jenny's family and she is my friend. She lives in Canada. 这是珍妮的家人，她是我的好朋友。
她住在加拿大。
4. I love my family. 我爱我家。
5. Does she have brothers or sisters? 她有兄弟姐妹吗？6. What are they doing? They are talking. 他们在做什么？他们在交谈。
7. Where is your pen pal from? She is from Australia. 你的笔友来自哪里？她来自澳大利亚。
8. Liu Li has more than one sister. X丽有不止一个姐妹。
9. Here are photos of me and my twin sister Liu Ying. 这里有一些我和我的双胞胎姐姐X英和我的照片。
10. She often helps me deal with the problems. 她经常帮我解决问题。
11. Li Yan always helps me with my life. 李妍经常在生活上帮助我。
12. With the help of them, I succeeded taking part in the match. 在他们的帮助之下，我成功地参加了这场比赛。
13. Could you give me a hand? 能帮我一下吗？14. You are the best mom. 您是最好的妈妈。
15. Thanks for all that you have done for me over the years. 感谢您这么多年来为我所付出的一切.16. Thanks for everything over the years. 谢谢您这些年来所做的一切。
2014河南中考英语作文热点话题+补全对话
2014中考英语作文热点话题：我最好的朋友周一My best friendMy best friend is --- He is 15 years old. We are both in the same class. He works very hard. He is never late for school and he does well in all his lessons. He is always ready to help others. My math is very poor, so he oft en helps me with my math after class. His parents are both teachers. They are very busy, so he often helps do the housework at home. He is a little shor ter than me but he is very strong. He likes playing football very much at sc hool. We often play football together and he plays it pretty well, He gets on well with us, everyone in our class likes him.周二6月5日( June 5)是世界环境保护日, 我们周围的环境变得越来越糟糕,污染越来越严重。
环境问题影响着人们的工作,学习,生活等,而我们的工作,生活,生产等又使环境污染越来越严重......如何保护我们的环境? 请以“ How to protect/save our environmen t/world? ”为题写一篇短文。
提示:存在问题:1.水污染越来越严重;2.砍伐森林严重;3. 大气污染严重;4. 白色垃圾等。
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Topic 3周围的环境
常用句型
1. Where is the post office? 邮局在哪儿？
2. Is there a bank near here? 这儿附近有银行吗?
3. The pay phone is across from the library. 投币电话亭在图书馆对面。
4. The restaurant is in front of the hospital. 餐馆在医院前面。
5. Just go straight and turn left. It is down Bridge Street on the right. 直走左转就行，它就在桥街的右边。
6. It is next to the cinema. 它在电影院的旁边。
7. My house is on a busy street. 我家的房子在一条热闹的街上。
8. Let me tell you the way to my home. 让我告诉你去我家的路。
9. Is it far from here? 它离这儿远吗？10. Take the elevator to the second floor. 坐电梯到二楼。
11. Could you tell me how to get to the museum? 能告诉我怎么去博物馆吗？
12. There used to be a restaurant, but now it is a flower shop. 这儿原来是家餐馆，但现在是一家花店。
13. Many changes have taken place in our city. 我们的城市发生了很多变化。
14. There are a lot of tall buildings in my hometown. 我的家乡有很多高楼大厦。
15. The library lies in the south of the post office, across from the bank. 图书馆在邮局的南边，银行的对面。
16. There are plenty of flowers and trees along the road. 沿路有很多鲜花和树木。
重难点精析
考点一常见问路句型：
1. 用英语问路的常用套语：
Excuse me，where is..., please?
Excuse me，could you tell me the way to...？
Excuse me，how can I get to ...？
Excuse me，is there a/an... near here?
Excuse me，which is the way to...?
Excuse me，would you please show me the way to...？
Excuse me，would you mind telling me the way to...？
2. 用英语指路的常用句型：
Cross the street and go ahead. 过马路，一直往前走。
It'll take you no more than ten minutes to walk there. 用不了10分钟你就走到那儿了。
Go down/up/along this street... 沿着这条街走……
Go straight on, then turn left /right at the first/second crossing. 一直走，在第一/二个十字路口向左/右拐。
Go straight ahead about ... metres. 往前一直走……米。
Keep going until you see a ... on your left. 继续往前走，一直走到你看到左边有……
Keep going straight on for two blocks. 一直往前走，走过两条马路。
Take the first turning on （to）the left. 在第一个拐弯处向左拐。
It's over there. 就在那边。
It's just around the corner. 就在拐角处。
It's across from ... 在……对面。
It's next to /near... 就在……隔壁。
It's not far from here. 离这儿不远。
It's at the end of the street. 在这条街的尽头。
3. 问距离及交通方式句型：
①How far is it from here? 离这儿有多远？
②Can I take a bus? 我可以坐公共汽车吗？
③Which bus shall I take? 我应该坐哪一路车？
④How can I get there? 我怎么去那里？
4. 典型句式：
Excuse me，is this the right way to...？打扰一下，这条路去……对吗？
How much further is it? 还要走多远？
Is this the only way to get there？去那儿只有这一条路吗？
考点二辨析family, home, house与room
family表示“家；家庭”，是可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
family也可表示“家庭成员”，是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
如：
Mary has a big family. 玛丽有个大家庭。
(作“家庭”讲)
My family are all well. 我的家人身体都很健康。
(作“家庭成员”讲) home表示“家；家庭”，指个人或家庭住所，常含有“爱、温暖、舒适、安全”等意义。
如：
There is no place like home. (谚)无处堪比家。
house表示“家；宅子”，指建筑物。
如：
Please come to my house for dinner. 请到我家来吃晚饭。
room 表示“房间”。
如：
There are many toys in my room. 我房间里有很多玩具。
考点三辨析in front of与in the front of
in front of“在（某物外部）的前面”。
如：
There is a big tree in front of our building. 我们教学楼前面有一棵大树。
（树在大楼的外面）
in the front of“在（某物内部）前面”。
如：
The old man sits in the front of the bus. 那位老人坐在公共汽车的前面。
（是指在公共汽车内部的前面）如：
There is a car in front of the house and Tom sits in the front of the car with the driver. 房子前面有一辆小汽车，汤姆同司机一起坐在汽车的前部。
【注意】in front of的反义词是behind; in the front of 的反义词是at
the back of.
in front of 表示位置“在……（外部）的前面”in the front of 表示位置“在……（内部）的前面”
【参考范文】
Cuihu Park is not far from here. It's easy to get there. Just go straight and turn right at the first corner.
Walk along the road and turn left when you find a hospital. Cuihu Park is down the street on your right. Across from the park is a restaurant.
The park is really a good place to have fun. It's beautiful and cool with many trees and flowers. You can swim, play games or have a picnic there.
It's very relaxing. You may also get a good chance to practice Chinese. I hope you will enjoy yourselves.。