广西民族大学807美学史基础2017年考研专业课真题试卷
美学原理考研试卷真题答案
美学原理考研试卷真题答案1. 美的本质是什么？美的本质是指美所固有的、决定其特性的内在属性。
它通常与和谐、平衡、比例等概念联系在一起。
在不同的文化和历史背景下，对美的本质有着不同的理解和诠释。
2. 如何理解审美活动？审美活动是指人们在面对美的事物时所进行的感知、评价和体验的过程。
它不仅包括对美的形式的欣赏，也包括对美所引发的情感和精神的体验。
3. 请简述古典美学的主要特点。
古典美学强调美的形式和比例，认为美是和谐、秩序和比例的体现。
它倾向于将美视为客观存在，与个人情感和主观体验相分离。
4. 现代美学有哪些重要的理论流派？现代美学中，有多种理论流派，包括表现主义美学、形式主义美学、现象学美学等。
这些流派从不同的角度探讨美的本质和审美体验。
5. 审美体验与日常生活的关系是什么？审美体验是日常生活的一部分，它能够丰富人的精神生活，提升个人的情感和认知水平。
审美体验可以是艺术欣赏，也可以是日常生活中的自然景观或人造环境的体验。
6. 如何理解“艺术即体验”的观点？“艺术即体验”强调艺术作品的价值在于它能够激发观众的个人体验和情感反应。
艺术作品的意义不是固定的，而是在观众的体验中不断被重新创造和理解。
7. 请分析“美”在不同文化中的差异。
不同文化对“美”的理解和评价标准存在显著差异。
例如，西方文化可能更重视比例和形式的和谐，而东方文化可能更注重意境和情感的表达。
这些差异反映了不同文化背景下的审美价值观和生活方式。
8. 美学研究在当代有哪些新的发展趋势？当代美学研究正逐渐从传统的艺术美学扩展到日常生活美学、环境美学和数字美学等领域。
同时，跨学科的研究方法，如认知科学、心理学和社会学等，也被越来越多地应用于美学研究中。
结束语：美学原理的研究不仅有助于我们理解美的本质和审美活动，也为我们提供了丰富的视角去欣赏和体验周围的世界。
通过对美学原理的深入学习，我们可以更好地理解人类文化和艺术的多样性，以及它们在我们生活中的重要性。
2017年广西民族大学历史学基础考研真题A卷
2017年广西民族大学历史学基础考研真题A卷一、选择题（每小题 2 分，共 10 小题，共 20 分）1.中国历史上的“三代”是指（）。
A.尧、舜、禹B. 夏、商、周C.黄帝、炎帝、蚩尤D.黄帝、颛顼、帝喾2.“盘庚迁殷”中的“殷”是指今天的（）。
A.洛阳B.郑州C.安阳D.开封3.春秋时期“三家分晋”中的“三家”是指（）A.韩、赵、魏B.秦、赵、燕C.齐、赵、燕D.韩、魏、秦4.《禹贡》是下面哪部书中的一篇？（）A.《左传》B.《公羊传》C.《谷梁传》D.《尚书》5.下面何人不属于儒家学派？（）A.子思B.文中子C.韩非子D.朱子6.中国的科举考试开始于（）。
A.汉代B.隋代C.唐代D.宋代7.下面哪一位书法家擅长草书？（）。
A.王献之B.颜真卿C.柳公权D.怀素8.世界上古史中使地中海成为“内湖”的帝国是（）。
A.埃及帝国B.波斯帝国C.亚历山大帝国D.罗马帝国9.人类历史上最早使用铁器的是（）。
A.赫梯人B.埃及人C.亚述人D.希腊人10.“历史之父”希罗多德的《历史》又称为（）。
A.《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》B.《希腊波斯战争史》C.《希腊史》D.《亚历山大远征记》二、判断题（每小题 2 分，共 10 小题，共 20 分）1.北京猿人是晚期智人。
（）A.对B.错2.《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史。
（）A.对B.错3.“一带一路”中的“一带”源于中国古代西北陆上丝绸之路。
（）A.对B.错4.今天所见八达岭长城是秦长城的遗存。
（）A.对B.错5.佛教传入中国是在唐代。
（）A.对B.错6.中国古代到过印度的高僧有法显、玄奘、义净、鉴真等。
（）A.对B.错7.古典时代希腊的民主政治经过伯里克利改革达到巅峰。
（）A.对B.错8.神圣罗马帝国是罗马帝国的延续。
（）A.对B.错9.逊尼派和什叶派是伊斯兰教的两大主要教派。
（）A.对B.错10.大化改新使日本走上了资本主义的发展道路。
（）A.对B.错三、名词解释（每小题 8 分，共 4 小题，共 32 分）1.均田制2.靖康之难3.《四库全书》4.瓦尔那（种姓）制度四、材料分析题（每小题 19 分，共 2 小题，共 38 分）1.请对下面一段史料进行翻译，并分析其蕴含的历史信息。
2017年广西民族大学基础法语考研真题A卷
2017年广西民族大学基础法语考研真题A卷I. Trouvez les noms d’action correspondant aux verbes suivants et n’oubliez pas l’article indéfini. 10%:interrompre bricoler approuverapprendre dégrader apparaîtrecomprendre calculer tenterréfléchirII. Complétez les phrases suivantes avec le pronom qui convient. 15 %1. Les enfants ……........... il a la responsabilité sont ............. légèrement sourds. Son travailconsiste à ............. apprendre à articuler les sons qu'ils n'entendent pas.2. Je te prête le livre ......................... le professeur a fait allusion dans sa conférence.3. ................. n'est plus désagréable que de …….... voir fermer la porte au nez.4. J'ai interrogé trois étudiantes mais .................... d'elles n'a su répondre.5. Je vous passe le journal d'hier, ............ d'aujourd'hui n'est pas encore arrivé.6. Voici la principale raison de mon désaccord, mais il y en a...................., moinsimportantes.7. Aucun de.............. que la police a interrogés n'a pu donner le signalement du voleur.8. ............ ne me concerne pas.9. Vous devez répondre àtoutes les questions sauf à ...............qui sont soulignées en rouge.10. ............. ............. les ont remplacés, n'ont pas la même compétence.11. Je n'ai pas pu trouver de chemise à ma taille : ................. n'était assez grande.III. Complétez les phrases suivantes avec la préposition qui convient, et ajoutez un article si nécessaire. 15 %1.Si vous multipliez 55 ……… 12, qu’obtenez-vous ?2.Je suis payé……….. mois et non ……… semaine.3.Où est le rayon de la nourriture …………. animaux ?4. Elle se tenait ............. du trottoir.5. Quand il est rentré, j'étais ............ douche.6. Ils ont mis leur fils aîné ........ pension.7. C'est Joseph qui était ……..... volant, moi j'étais ........ Arrière.8.Ses trois enfants sont ……...... colonie de vacances ................. Alpes.9.Il est sorti ................. la rue, il a glissé ................une peau debanane et il s'est cogné la tête ............... un poteau.10.Vous avez le choix ............... le modèle courant et le modèle de luxe.IV. Mettez les verbes entre parenthèses au temps et à la forme convenable.25%Vendredi dernier, je devais prendre un train pour Nancy. Je ………………..(compter)passerle week-end chez une copine. Arrivée à la gare, j’………………..(traverser)le hall encourant. Je ……………….. (imaginer) que j’…………………(être) en retard.Quand je ………………….. (arriver) sur le quai, le train ……………… (être) prêt à partir.J’……………….(avoir) la chance de trouver une place libre. Je …………………….(s’installer) et je ……………………..(se mettre) àfeuilleter une revue.Mais au moment oùle train ……………….(aller) partir,je …………………(entendre)quelqu’un appeler mon nom dans le haut-parleur. On me …………………(demander)de meprésenter d’urgence au bureau d’accueil de la gare.Très inquiète, je …………………….(descendre) du train. Quandje ………………..(arriver)àl’accueil, mon portefeuille m’y ………………………(attendre). Je le…………………….. (perdre) dans le hall de la gare quelques instants avant.Par chance la personne qui le…………………….(ramasser) , le………………….(confier) à un employé. A l’intérieur demon portefeuille, il y ……………….(avoir) 1000euros destinés àl’amie chezquije …………………(aller) passer le week-end. Elle me les …………………..(prêter) troismois plus tôt et je ………………(devoir) les lui ……………(rendre).Finalement, je ………………….(rater) mon train, mais,heureusement,je…………………..(retrouver) mon portefeuille !V. Transformez les phrases suivantes, pour utiliser une autre façon d’exprimer.20%1.Prévoyez des vêtements chauds, il risque de faire froid. (au cas où)2.Si elle était venue plus tôt, elle aurait évité de faire la queue. (gérondif)3.Je veux bien vous écouter mais vous devez être bref. (à condition que)4.Nous irons faire du ski, s’il y a de la neige. ( pourvu que)5.Sans réparation sérieuse, cette voiture ne pourra pas marcher.(sauf si) police n'a pas pu prouver le vol, elle a dû relâcher le suspect.(faute de)7.Même si vous insistez, je n’accepeterais pas . (quand bien même)8.Vous pouvez continuer à utiliser ce bout de terrain. En effet, personne nel'a réclamé.(du momemt que)9.Xavier n'a pas eu la moyenne : il avait fait trop de fautes. (propositionrelative)10.J'ai été débordée de travail. Je n'ai pas répondu à votre lettre.(tellementque)VI Lecture 10 %Isabelle Huppert : Barrage contre la banalitéOù en a-t-elle puisé l’énergie ? Dans l’oeuvre de Duras ? Elle m’oppose sa légendaire petite moue : « Je n’avais pas lu le livre ! » Tant de franchise étonne, d’autant qu’Huppert trimballe une solide réputation d’actrice intello. Elle s’en fiche éperdument. Et n’est pas du genre à se faire mousser : la diva du nouveau roman, confesse-t-elle sans afféterie, elle ne la connaissait pas plus que ça.Et, chaque fois, ce furent de bons moments, pas prise de tête pour un centime d’euro : « C’était une femme très généreuse de son temps, affectueuse et très attentive à l’autre, très éloignée de sa caricature. Elle n’avait rien d’intimidant. » Le fait que le courant soit si bien pa ssé avec cette chère Marguerite l’a-t-il aidée àincarner le personnage du film ? « La mère de Duras, dans le livre, est une femme très usée et beaucoup plus dure que moi. J’ai préféré insister sur son incohérence. Et il n’était pas question pour moi de l’aimer ou de ne pas l’aimer. » Dans un français à l’image de ce qu’elle dit—limpide et exigeant—, pour Isabelle Huppert, à l’évidence, un mot est un mot : « Je me laisse guider par mon envie et mes intuitions. Je m’abandonne aux images que j’ai en tête. Mais je ne donne pas tout d’un seul coup. Je garde des réserves d’intensité dramatique pour des moments bien définis, de peur de devenir emphatique. »Mais il n’y a pas que le cinéma dans la vie ; et comment en sort-on, de ces personnages tous plus névrotiques, lorsqu’il faut en revenir à la famille, aux enfants, aux exigences beaucoup moins échevelées du quotidien ? « J’ai souvent connu des longues plages loin des plateaux, mais cette fois-ci, je savoure particuli èrement la pause. Les journées se déroulent sans que je m’en aperçoive. C’est délicieux d’être spectatrice et de jouir d’un luxe pareil. » Tout juste consent-elle àlâcher qu’un de ses loisirs préférés, c’est d’observer les autres. « En toutes circonstances, ça évite de s’ennuyer. Ni un travail ni une activité. Un état de porosité très grand aux situations. »D’un seul coup, phrases brèves et sèches : « Le monde, j’ai fait le choixde ne pas en parler. Un acteur n’a pas à dire ce qu’il en pense. On ne questionnerait pas un peinture, alors pourquoi un acteur ? » Manque de chance, le mot lui hérisse le poil encore plus : « L’humain ne m’intéresse pas. Je déteste ce terme et la compassion qu’il implique. J’ai de l’intransigeance avec la vie. Les bons sentiments ne sont pas mon truc！» Mais qu’on ne s’y trompe pas : nulle méchanceté dans le ton.IrèneFrainParis Match Janvier2009Vocabulairetrimballer v.t. : mener, porter partout avec soiéperdument adv. : follementéchevelé,e adj. : désordonnéintransigeance n.m. : caractère inflexible, qui n’admet aucun compromis1.Le personnage qu’incarne Isabelle Huppert est inspiré par ................ .A.sa lecture des romansB.ses intituitions et ses réservés d’intensité dramatique vie de l’auteurD.sa vie intime2. « n’est pas du genre à se faire mousser » signifie ici ................. .A. est d’humeur changeanteB. ce n’est pas son style de sefaire valoirC. est digne de se faire valoirD. n’est pas d’humeur à se fairevaloir3.« Un étéde porositétrès grand aux situations. » reflète chez cetteactrice ................... .A.un tempérament flexible aux circonstancesB.un caractère aussi sensible que changeantC.un tempérament difficile à supporterD.un tempérament hésitant en toute circonstance4. Ce qui distingue l’interprétation d’Isabelle Huppert des autres actrices consisteen ................ . performance qui focalise le drame de la vie performance éloignée de l’incandescence du sentiment performance qui reflète la vie au lieu de se plongerdans l’humanité D. la performance égocentriquement pourrait-on définir le caractère de l’article ?A. Intuitive et résolue.B. Sensible et changeante.C. Rigide et inflexible.D. Sympatique et bénévole.VII. Traduction. 40%A. Traduisez en chinois : 20 %Et si Françoise s’amusait de l’air épouvanté de ma tante quand de son lit elle avait aperçu dans la rue du Saint-Esprit une de ces personnes qui avait l’air de venir chez elle ou quand elle avait entendu un coup de sonnette, elle riait encore bien plus, et comme d’un bon tour, des ruses toujours victorieuses de ma tante pour arriver à les faire congédier et de leur mine déconfite en s’en retournant sans l’avoir vue, et, au fond, admirait sa maîtresse qu’elle jugeait supérieure à tous ces gens puisqu’elle ne voulait pas les recevoir. En somme, ma tante exgeait à la fois qu’on l’approuvât dans son régime, qu’on la plaignît pour ses souffrances et qu’on la rassurât sur son avenir.—Marcel Proust, Du côté de chezSwannsB. Traduisez en français：20%中国画是不同于西方油画的一种绘画艺术，它以东方的艺术美，吸引着国外的艺鉴赏家和收藏家。
广西民族大学考研真题_基础英语2017年
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：622科目名称：基础英语考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、Grammar,Vocabulary and General KnowledgeDirections:Find the ONE choice that best completes the sentence.（每小题1分，共40小题，共40分）1.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.They have enough time to finish the paper.B.Dad says the meat is not enough cooked.C.You are not old enough to buy alcohol.D.She plays well enough for a beginner.2.In“She felt sick from tiredness”,the italicized word is used to indicateparison.B.purpose.C.cause.D.direction.3.Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A.I will buy you a present.B.Mom gave me a necklace.C.I’m going to paint it pink.D.Tom is teaching children Japanese.4.Smoking is so harmful to health that it kills____each year than automobile accidents.A.more seven times peopleB.seven times more peopleC.more people seven timesD.people seven times more5.Sorry I’m late.I____have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.mightB.shouldC.mustn’tD.couldn’t6.Mr.White,together with all his colleagues,____for Europe this morning.A.are leavingB.leaveC.is leavingD.are to leave7.The new designed bedroom seems to be a great deal larger than____.A.it is necessaryB.being necessaryC.to be necessaryD.is necessary8.He was determined to sail around the world____his illness and old age.A.givenB.althoughC.despiteD.in spite9.Mr.White has become bad-tempered since he indulges in Gambling.He is no longer the man____used to be.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that10.You____call your father’s name directly.It’s impolite in China.A.oughtn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t11.It is not____much his appearance I like as his personality.A.asB.veryC.soD.that12.There is much chance____Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if13.They did the experiment____their chemistry teacher had instructed.A.asB.thoughC.untilD.when14.He was listening attentively in class,his eyes____on the blackboard.A.fixingB.fixedC.are fixingD.are fixed15.I don’t think____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thatB.thisC.youD.it16.Mary was____to tears by their criticism.A.sunkB.reducedC.forcedD.declined17.The police fortunately gained the key clew according to the foot mark in the____of theroad.A.clayB.dirtC.mudD.soil18.These magnificent____buildings demonstrate the great intelligence of the laboringpeople.A.antiqueB.ancientC.primitiveD.remote19.I don’t remember meeting him,but the name John Smith rings a bell.The underlined partmeans____.A.is omittedB.is warnedC.is appearingD.is familiar20.These goods are____for export,though a few of them may be sold on the homemarket.A.essentiallypletelyC.necessarilyD.remarkably21.Food will____if the temperature in your freezer rises above8℃.A.decayB.rotC.spoilD.corrupt22.The small company isn’t____of handling an order that large.A.ableB.capablepetentD.qualified23.Sometimes it’s good to stop for a while to think about the past and____the future.A.contaminateB.contemplateC.consolidateD.contradict24.School fees,illness,house repairs and other____have reduced his bank balance to almostnothing.A.paymentB.amountC.figuresD.expenses25.Many people,including college students of all ages,spend little time in____of physicalfitness.A.searchB.viewC.lightD.pursuit26.There’s no denying that as we age____,our body ages right along with us.A.chronologicallyB.significantlyC.deceptivelyD.deliberately27.We made an effort not to leave my friend out in the cold when we were planning thebirthday party.The underlined part means____.A.embarrassB.humiliateC.ignoreD.exhaust28.The company has to make its accounts and operations as____as possible.A.distinctB.evidentC.explicitD.transparent29.His ability to absorb information was astonishing,but his concentration____was short.A.gapB.intervalC.spanD.distance30.She is generally____as one of the best modern poets.A.classedB.gradedC.rankedD.rated31.____is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A.The Glorious RevolutionB.The English ReformationC.The RenaissanceD.The English Civil War32.In the US,the largest city along the Pacific Coast is____A.San FranciscoB.Los Angeles.C.Seattle.D.Chicago.33.In Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury,he used the technique of____,in which the whole story was told through the thoughts of a character.A.imagismB.stream of consciousnessC.naturalismD.symbolism34.Percy Bysshe Shelley did not write____A.Song of Myself.B.Prometheus Unbound.C.Ode to the West Wind.D.Queen Mab.35.____is not a modernist novelist of Britain.A.James JoyceB.Virginia WoolfC.wrence D.Henry James36.____is the manifestation of grammatical relationships through the addition of affixes,such as number,person,finiteness,aspect and case,which don’t change the grammatical class of the stems to which they are attached.A.Word formationB.InflectionpoundD.Derivation37.One way to analyze lexical meaning isA.predication analysis.B.stylistic analysis.ponential analysis.D.proposition analysis.38.____is NOT the characteristic of conversational implicature.A.CalculabilityB.CancellabilityC.DetachabilityD.Non-conventionality39.A sound pronounced with the vocal cords vibrating is said to be____sound.A.voicelessB.voicedC.consonantD.resonant40.Which function is the major role of language?rmative.B.Interpersonal.C.Performative.D.Emotive.二、ClozeDirections:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked[A]，[B]，[C]and[D].You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.（每小题1分，共20小题，共20分）According to BT's futurologist,Ian Pearson,these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of1,000years),when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.Pearson has__1__together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a__2__millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key__3__and discoveries to take place.Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine,including an__4__life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs__5__into use between now and2040.Pearson also__6__a breakthrough in computer human links.“By linking__7__to our nervous system,computers could pick up__8__we feel and,hopefully,simulate__9__too so that we can start to__10__full sensory environments,rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,”he says.But that,Pearson points__11__,is only the start of man-machine__12__:“It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will__13__lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.”__14__his research,Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted.However,there are still no__15__for when faster-than-light travel will be__16__,or when human cloning will be perfected,or when time travel will be possible.But he does__17__social problems as a result of technological advances.A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will,for example,__18__problems in2010,while the arrival of synthetic__19__robots will mean people may not be able to__20__between their human friends and the droids.And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.1.[A]taken[B]pieced[C]kept[D]made2.[A]complicated[B]delicate[C]subtle[D]unique3.[A]breakthroughs[B]findings[C]events[D]incidents4.[A]expanded[B]extended[C]enlarged[D]enriched5.[A]being[B]becoming[C]carrying[D]coming6.[A]schedules[B]plans[C]predicts[D]designs7.[A]directly[B]instantly[C]precisely[D]automatically8.[A]that[B]how[C]what[D]all9.[A]thinking[B]hearing[C]sight[D]feeling10.[A]form[B]develop[C]find[D]undertake11.[A]out[B]at[C]to[D]toward12.[A]program[B]production[C]experiment[D]integration13.[A]finally[B]ultimately[C]utterly[D]absolutely14.[A]Through[B]Though[C]During[D]By15.[A]forecasts[B]articles[C]stories[D]meetings16.[A]advisable[B]affordable[C]available[D]valuable17.[A]solve[B]arose[C]exercise[D]expect18.[A]confront[B]cause[C]witness[D]collect19.[A]lovely[B]likely[C]lifelike[D]lively20.[A]distinguish[B]differ[C]diagnose[D]deviate三、Reading Comprehension（选择题每小题1分，共10小题；填空题每小题1分，共8小题；简答题每小题2分，共11小题；共40分）PASSAGE ONEThe Work-Life BalanceThis month the TUC is campaigning against,what it calls,Britain's"long hours culture". But do the British actually work too long?And if we do,is it doing us,or society at large,anyharm?Over the past150years working hours across the developed world have been falling.In the mid-nineteenth century men in Britain,in paid employment,worked for at least55hours per week.Hours worked then began a steady drop--the rise of trade unionism is one explanation,but then,after the First World War they plateaued.From1951onwards they dropped again but this fall was brought to a sudden halt in1981with the onset of the deregulatory economic policies of the Thatcher years.Working hours reached a high in1997 when the UK average number of hours worked hit45.8per week,falling to44.3hours per week in2004.The main reason for this recent decline has been the impact of EU's Working Time Directive which stipulated that no one could work more than48hours in a week,unless special exemption had been jointly applied for by both employers and employees. Nonetheless,in European terms,we are still doing badly in terms of hours worked--British workers are at the top,or bottom,of the hours charts,depending on your point of view.In 2004British workers put in almost two and a half hours more per week than the average European worker--although that was an improvement on2001when the gap was three and a quarter hours.In terms of actual hours worked,for those fortunate enough to be living and working in the Netherlands the average was just38.8hours a week,whilst for those unfortunate enough to be working in Britain,the average was43.5hours.Workers in our closest European competitors,France and Germany,worked38.9hours and39.6hours per week respectively. And yet,according to research both French and German workers are around20%more productive than their British counterparts.And we do equally badly when it comes to holidays. The European average for annual paid leave is26.5days per year--again the UK is near the bottom of the league with an average of24.5days of annual leave.However,these raw figures don't tell the whole story.During the1980s and1990s it was fashionable to predict that the"revolution in work"had begun.Business gurus were forecasting that the then current work norm,in which the majority of the workforce were in full-time employment at places of work away from home would give way to the majority having portfolios of part-time,temporary jobs,with many working either from home or from mobile office environments.This would result in a blurring between work and home,leisure, and employment--thus concerns about hours worked would become little more than of historical interest.This view is backed up by Michael Moynagh in Working in the Twenty-First Century. After examining trends in working time over the past twenty years,and casting their findings forward,they conclude:"On balance it is likely that contracted working time will continue to drop,if slowly and intermittently".According to the research project"The Future of Work"led by Professor Peter Nolan of Leeds University,the notion that the nature of work is changing radically is systematically demolished.Based on a nationwide survey of employees Professor Nolan reports that the project found that,contrary to this conventional wisdom,the"end of work"scenario had not come to pass. In fact the1990s had seen a growth,not a contraction,in the proportion of employees in full-time permanent jobs.In2000,92%of workers were in permanent work compared with88%eight years earlier.And in2000only5.5%said they were working on a temporary contract,compared with7.2%in1992."Such startling figures do not suggest Britain is rapidly developing a more flexible labour market when measured by the extent of employment stability.Indeed,the permanent job remains very much the overwhelming norm and this is true across every occupational category."Nor was the notion of"going to work"in decline.The researchers found that most people still leave their homes for paid employment,only3%of employees said they worked partly at home and a further1.1%said they worked solely or mainly at home.Thus,arguments about working time are still very central to debates about the nature of the work experience.The Future of Work survey found that dissatisfaction with the hours that people were having to work had increased dramatically.In199235%of men were satisfied with their hours,by2000this had fallen to20%;the decline among women employees was even sharper,down from51%in1992to29%in2000.And this decline was,in terms of social class,across the board.Professor Jonathan Gershuny is an expert on the work-life balance.He paid particular attention,not just to paid work but to two related issues--women's unpaid work and leisure time.Gershuny notes how leisure time itself has become increasingly congested as people have less and less time to"consume"more and more leisure.He quotes from American sociologist Steffan Linder,who noted that as part and parcel of their"success"the harried executive might buy themselves a yacht;and yet the time they make available to enjoy their leisure activities diminishes the more successful they become.Gershuny paints a picture of the harried executive having to plan their leisure time almost as rigorously as they plan their working day.He also casts his eye over the unpaid work that is mainly done by women in the home.He notes how,despite the spread of"labour-saving"devices,the time women spend on domestic chores had not reduced,if anything it had gone up.This is because,as domestic work has become easier so"standards"have risen--rooms that were swept once a week are now swept once a day and meals that were cooked simply to be nourishing now had to be"interesting"as well.Gershuny reports that women on average spend45-hours a week on unpaid domestic work;but where they had a full-time job this time went down to22hours a week.For men, his research showed that irrespective of whether or not they were in full-time work they spent an underwhelming30minutes a day on domestic chores.No doubt many of those same men would privately applaud the sentiments expressed in a Japanese research report that concluded: "Housewives by nature enjoy doing housework.For housewives,it is difficult to distinguish between housework and leisure."Then again,perhaps not,as times have moved on somewhat.Questions1-4Choose the best answer.1.Which statement best describes the change of British working hours?A.Over the past150years,British working hours fluctuated by as long as10hours.B.British workers worked3hours longer every week than their European counterparts in2001.C.British workers worked longer than French and German workers with higherproductivity.D.British workers have the least annual paid leave.2.What does the sentence"thus concerns about hours worked would become little more than of historical interest"imply?A.Since there is no wild change in British working hours,the forecasting of work norm lostmeaning.B.There is no point in concerning about working hours since it is hard to separateemployment and leisure.C.The notion that the nature of work has changed is not right.D.The end of work scenario makes research impossible.3.What can we see from the research findings of Michael Moynagh and Peter Nolan?A.They agreed that in the future,contracted working time will decrease.B.They agreed that more British would like to work from mobile office environments.C.They have different conclusions and forecasts about British working time.D.Both are against conventional wisdom that the end of work has come.4.Professor Jonathan Gershuny notes that______.A.men take over most housework when women are in full-time workB.people work harder in free time to consume what they produce in work timeC.if you are top managers,you have more leisure time availableD.women spend less time on domestic chores latelyQuestions5-9Answer the following questions briefly by using NO MORE THAN TEN words.5.What is the result of working from home or mobile office environments?6.What are the percentages of people working partly at home and solely at home respectively?7.What is the dominant working norm?8.Which phrase expresses the meaning that both managers and manual workers complain about the long hours culture?9.What is one of the two issues that Professor Jonathan Gershuny paid special attention to.Questions10-12Complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE words.10.According to the Future of Work survey,women are______________________dissatisfied with their working hours.11.The more successful people are,the_____________________time they have to enjoythemselves.12.The appearance of_____________________actually increased time of doing domesticchores.PASSAGE TWOAlready penitent for his angry action,but too stubborn to make amends,Mason toiled on at the head of the cavalcade,little dreaming that danger hovered in the air.The timber clustered thick in the sheltered bottom,and through this they threaded their way.Fifty feet or more from the trail towered a lofty pine.For generations it had stood there,and for generations destiny had had this one end in view--perhaps the same had been decreed ofMason.He stooped to fasten the loosened thong of his moccasin.The sleds came to a halt,and the dogs lay down in the snow without a whimper.The stillness was weird;not a breath rustled the frost-encrusted forest;the cold and silence of outer space had chilled the heart and smote the trembling lips of nature.A sigh pulsed through the air--they did not seem to actually hear it,but rather felt it,like the premonition of movement in a motionless void.Then the great tree,burdened with its weight of years and snow,played its last part in the tragedy of life.He heard the warning crash and attempted to spring up but,almost erect,caught the blow squarely on the shoulder.The sudden danger,the quick death--how often had Malemute Kid faced it!The pine needles were still quivering as he gave his commands and sprang into action.Nor did the Indian girl faint or raise her voice in idle wailing,as might many of her white sisters.At his order,she threw her weight on the end of a quickly extemporized handspike,easing the pressure and listening to her husband's groans,while Malemute Kid attacked the tree with his ax.The steel rang merrily as it bit into the frozen trunk,each stroke being accompanied by a forced,audible respiration,the'Huh!''Huh!'of the woodsman.At last the Kid laid the pitiable thing that was once a man in the snow.But worse than his comrade's pain was the dumb anguish in the woman's face，the blended look of hopeful，hopeless query.Little was said；those of the Northland are early taught the futility of words and the inestimable value of deeds. With the temperature at sixty-five below zero，a man cannot lie many minutes in the snow and live.So the sled lashings were cut，and the sufferer，rolled in furs，laid on a couch of boughs. Before him roared a fire，built of the very wood which wrought the mishap.Behind and partially over him was stretched the primitive fly--a piece of canvas，which caught the radiating heat and threw it back and down upon him--a trick which men may know who study physics at the fount.And men who have shared their bed with death know when the call is sounded.Mason was terribly crushed.The most cursory examination revealed it.His right arm，leg，and back were broken；his limbs were paralyzed from the hips；and the likelihood of internal injuries was large.An occasional moan was his only sign of life.No hope；nothing to be done.The pitiless night crept slowly by--Ruth's portion，the despairing stoicism of her race，and Malemute Kid adding new lines to his face of bronze.In fact，Mason suffered least of all，for he spent his time in eastern Tennessee，in the Great Smoky Mountains，living over the scenes of his childhood.And most pathetic was the melody of his long-forgotten Southern vernacular，as he raved of swimming holes and coon-hunts and watermelon raids.It was as Greek to Ruth，but the Kid understood and felt--felt as only one can feel who has been shut out for years from all that civilization means.Morning brought consciousness to the stricken man，and Malemute Kid bent closer to catch his whispers.“You remember when we foregathered on the Tanana，four years come next ice run?I didn't care so much for her then.It was more like she was pretty，and there was a smack of excitement about it，I think.But d'ye know，I've come to think a heap of her.She's been a good wife to me，always at my shoulder in the pinch.And when it comes to trading，you know there isn't her equal.D'ye recollect the time she shot the Moosehorn Rapids to pull you and me off that rock，the bullets whipping the water like hailstones--and the time of the famine atNuklukyeto--or when she raced the ice-run to bring the news？Yes，she's been a good wife to me，better'n that other one.Didn't know I'd been there？Never told you，eh?Well，I tried it once，down in the States.That's why I'm here.Been raised together，too.I came away to give her a chance for divorce.She got it.”“But that's got nothing to do with Ruth.I had thought of cleaning up and pulling for the Outside next year--her and I--but it's too late.Don't send her back to her people，Kid.It's beastly hard for a woman to go back.Think of it!--nearly four years on our bacon and beans and flour and dried fruit，and then to go back to her fish and caribou.It's not good for her to have tried our ways，to come to know they're better'n her people's，and then return to them. Take care of her，Kid--why don't you--but no，you always fought shy of them--and you never told me why you came to this country.Be kind to her，and send her back to the States as soon as you can.But fix it so she can come back--liable to get homesick，you know.”“And the youngster--it's drawn us closer，Kid.I only hope it is a boy.Think of it--flesh of my flesh，Kid.He mustn't stop in this country.And if it's a girl，why，she can't.Sell my furs；they'll fetch at least five thousand，and I've got as much more with the company.And handle my interests with yours.I think that bench claim will show up.See that he gets a good schooling；and Kid，above all，don't let him come back.This country was not made for white men.”“I'm a gone man，Kid.Three or four sleeps at the best.You've got to go on.You must go on!Remember，it's my wife，it's my boy--O God!I hope it's a boy!You can't stay by me--and I charge you，a dying man，to pull on.”Questions13-15Choose the best answer.13.What is NOT true about Mason’s accident?A.He was struck by an old pine on the shoulder and crushed.B.It was possible his organs had been injured in addition to broken bones.C.He suffered a great deal as he lay waiting for death.D.He was laid on some branches by a great fire in an attempt to recover.14.What do we know about Mason’s wife according to the text?A.She is white like him.B.She is not Mason’s only spouse in life.C.She has been to his hometown.D.She understands Greek.15.What is implied about the character’s lives from the passage?A.Sleds were the main method of transportation.B.The major source of income was fur trading.C.They had to be calm and resourceful in the wild.D.The far north is not suitable for white people.Questions16-17Answer the following questions briefly by using NO MORE THAN TEN words.16.Why does Mason think Ruth is a good wife?17.What was“fly”in paragraph3used for?PASSAGE THREENature versus cultureTo what extent have indigenous peoples suffered at the hands of conservation?When US primatologist Dian Fossey arrived in Rwanda to study the mountain gorillas of the Parcs des Volcans in September1967,her immediate concern was that their habitat was being eroded by human activity.As the government and wildlife authorities were turning a blind eye,she took the law into her own hands and organised patrols to drive out those she considered to be intruders in the park.Many of those targeted were local farmers who were grazing cattle and growing crops, collecting water,wood and bamboo or hunting small mammals.But the Virunga Mountains were also home to the Batwa,pygmy hunter-gatherers who,for thousands of years,had lived on their forested slopes.Fossey took an instant dislike to the Batwa and adopted-vigilante tactics to ensure they stayed away from"her"gorillas.While Fossey's actions represented a huge inconvenience for the Bahutu and Batutsi farmers,for the Batwa they proved devastating.The forest was integral to their lifestyle:it provided them with food and medicine and was the centre of their cultural activities.Without it,they became destitute.They had neither the skills nor the resources to become farmers and were given no compensation or alternative.Considered second-class citizens--unclean, stupid,untrustworthy--by their neighbours,they were forced to live in hovels on the fringes of villages,scratching around in wasteland to eke out a living.By the early1990s,begging was the main source of income for70per cent of Rwandan Batwa.The experience of the Batwa is one shared by millions of indigenous peoples around the world who have suffered at the hands of conservation."Historically the impact of protected areas has been very negative because the rights of the local communities of indigenous peoples haven't been taken into account,"says Marcus Colchester,director of the Forest Peoples'Programme,a UK organisation that promotes the interests of indigenous peoples around the world."The establishment of parks and reserves has often required their forced removal and placed severe limits on their rights of access and use of natural resources.Hence, there has been a lot of conflict,impoverishment,suffering and cultural loss."The traditional fence-and-guards approach to conservation grew out of the US national parks movement of the late19th century,which began preserving areas of'natural'wilderness for recreational purposes.Ecologists subsequently decided that nature should be preserved in a pristine form,uncontaminated by human activity.Over the past40years,conservation of biodiversity has become an increasingly high-profile topic and there has been a corresponding rise in the number of protected areas. According to the World Conservation Union(IUCN)there were just over1,000in1962; today there are more than102,000,covering a terrestrial area of17.1million square kilometres,11.5per cent of the world's land.To date,there hasn't been any conclusive research into the extent to which establishing these areas affects indigenous peoples.But most protected areas were inhabited at one time. In2000,WWF estimated that86per cent of South America's national parks were inhabited by people,most of them indigenous,and90per cent of protected areas in the Americas as a whole hosted indigenous peoples.However,it isn't just the indigenous peoples who have lost out to the traditional model of。
2017年广西民族大学考研试题文学理论
广西民族大学2017 年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A 卷科目代码：808科目名称：文学理论考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、名词解释：（每小题 5 分，共 4 小题，共 20分）1.文学批评2.游戏说3.文学消费4.审美意识形态二、问答题：（每小题15分，共2小题，共30分）1.举例说明小说的基本特征。
2.为什么说文学话语具有蕴藉属性？三、论述题：（每小题25分，共2小题，共50分）1.作者和读者是文学活动中最显眼的两个因素，而且两者的关系也是很具话题性，请根据下面材料的启示，阐述你对作者和读者之间关系的看法：材料一：网络作家的写作，是在与读者的互动中完成的，一部网络小说在连载过程中会有大量铁杆粉丝日夜追随，他们的指手画脚时时考验着作家的智力和定力。
作品要适应大众读者的口味，作者要投多数读者的所好，“读者是上帝”是网络文学写作与阅读所通行的基本规则。
我觉得网络写作的出现造福了大批爱写作的人，如果是传统写作最多 6 年我就放弃了，因为太寂寞，网络写作则时刻有大批人在关注，哪怕是批评，网络作家都会觉得是激励。
材料二：网络文学从商业角度来说，是以读者为中心。
但一个网络作家从众多人中脱颖而出，一定有自己独特的东西，不以读者的意志为转移。
而且读者是分为各种品位、各种趣味的，如若以满足最大众为旨归，可能会不断走向低俗。
甚至越低俗，越情色，越可能受欢迎，越流行。
材料三：我认为作者与读者之间存在着一种无字的契约关系。
在这份契约上，清楚地写着：我作为听者，会给你以充分而足够的信任；而你作为讲者，要给我愉悦与解惑。
所有伟大的作家与作品，成败都几乎取决于作家向读者所承诺的故事的契约兑现。
随之而来的读者为作家无私所献出的掌声和荣誉，也与这个兑现成正比。
2017年广西民族大学中外文学考研真题A卷
2017年广西民族大学中外文学考研真题A卷
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、名词解释（每小题5分，共9小题，共45分）
1.七月诗派
2.知青文学
3.语丝社
4.民间文学
5.民间传说
6.木兰诗
7.“阿基琉斯的愤怒”
8.《神曲》
9.《人间喜剧》
二、简答题（每小题15分，共3小题，共45分）
1.《呐喊》《彷徨》的主题和表现方式上的主要特点。
2.试述《孟姜女》传说的情节梗概。
3.简述陀思妥耶夫斯基小说的复调特征。
三、论述题（每小题20分，共3小题，共60分）
1.老舍《茶馆》的主题和艺术手法。
2.试论民间文学对作家文学的影响。
3.结合下面两段话，以作家作品为例论述二十世纪现代主义文学的荒诞意识。
加缪在其哲学随笔集《西西弗的神话》中认为：“一个哪怕可以用极不像样的理由
解释的世界也是人们感到熟悉的世界。
然而，一旦世界失去幻想与光明，人就会觉得自己是陌路人。
他就成为无所依托的流放者，因为他被剥夺了对失去的家乡的记忆，而且丧失了对未来世界的希望。
这种人与他的生活之间的分离，就像演员与舞台之间的分离，真正构成荒谬感。
”法国作家尤金•尤奈斯库在评论卡夫卡时写道：“一旦切断宗教的、形而上学以及先验的根基，人就感到茫然若失；他的一切行为也都变得毫无意义、荒诞不经而又徒劳无益。
”。
广西民族大学考研真题_语言学概论2007--2017年
广西民族大学2008年硕士研究生入学考试试题（所有试题答案必须写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上无效）学科专业：语言学及应用语言学研究方向： 01——04方向汉语言文字学所有方向中国少数民族语言文学 01——03方向考试科目：817 语言学概论试卷代号：A卷一、解释下列术语（每小题4分，共5小题，共20分）1．格2．调位3．屈折语4．意音文字5．语言融合二、分析题（每小题10分，共2小题，共20分）1．下列语言现象，哪些属于“构词”，哪些属于“构形”？汉语：性急烟头木头星星看看英语：blackboard teacher longer works desks2．请分析下列汉语、英语的音变现象，指出类型，并说明原因。
（1）“bills”、“legs”中的“s”都发成[z]。
（2）“天边”的“天”，“难免”的“难”的韵尾都发成[m]。
（3）“勤恳”的“勤”，“辛苦”的“辛”的韵尾都发成[ŋ]。
三、问答题（每小题20分，共3小题，共60分）1．语言分化的结果有哪些？2．词义引申的主要方式是什么？请举例说明。
3．在辅音音位的区别特征上，汉语普通话与英语各有什么显著的特征？四、论述题（每小题25分，共2小题，共50分）1．试以词为例，说明语言符号在组合时的特点。
2．以汉语和英语为例，说明语法的发展有哪些主要表现。
2009年硕士研究生入学考试初试广西民族大学自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A卷）科目代码： 817科目名称：语言学概论适用学科专业：语言学及应用语言学、汉语言文字学 中国少数民族语言文学 研究方向：命题教师签名：考生须知1 答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
2 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。
3 交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、解释下列术语（每小题5分，共6小题，共30分）1. 人称2. 表意字3. 递归性4. 任意性5. 历史比较法6. 词义的概括性二、按照普通话的读音，给下列词注上国际音标（每个词2分，共10个词，共20分）历史区域社会治安知识英雄绿化唐朝机器人民三、分析题（共30分）（一）分析下列音变现象，指出其类型，并说明原因（每小题5分，共2小题，共10分）1. 拉丁语中的marmor（大理石），到了英语里变成了marble。
2017年广西民族大学美学史基础考研真题A卷
2017年广西民族大学美学史基础考研真题A卷考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、名词解释题（每小题 5 分，共 6 小题，共 30 分）1．知者乐水，仁者乐山2.澄怀味象3.入乎其内，出乎其外4．灵感说（柏拉图）5.崇高感（博克）6.形象思维（维柯）二、简答题（每小题 15 分，共 4 小题，共 60 分）1．简析老子哲学思想的核心范畴内涵及其对中国美学的影响。
2.举例分析诗歌意象的美学特点及结构类型。
3.简析狄德罗的戏剧理论。
4.简析康德的天才理论。
三、论述题（每小题 30 分，共 1 小题，共 30 分）1.分析论述席勒的审美教育思想。
四、分析题（每小题 15 分，共 2 小题，共 30 分）明人计成在《园冶》中说：“轩楹高爽，窗户邻虚。
纳千顷之汪洋，收四射之烂漫。
”清代文学家沈复在《浮生六记》中写道：“若夫园亭楼阁，套室回廊，叠石成山，栽花取势，又在大中见小，小中见大，虚中有实，实中有虚，或藏或露，或浅或深，不仅在周回曲折四字也，又不在地广石多徒烦工费。
”中国古典文学中多有咏园林之作，“明园依绿水，野竹上春霄”，“曲径通幽处,禅房花木深”，“庭院深深深几许,杨柳堆烟,帘外无重幕”，《牡丹亭》里杜丽娘“人立小庭深院”，看“袅晴丝吹来闲庭院”，叹“不到园林，怎知春色如许”。
可见，中国古典园林艺术不仅历史悠久，而且与古典文学有深刻的关联性。
因此，有学者认为：“在园林中，特别是在名园里，可以说处处蕴蓄着诗意，时时荡漾着诗情，事事体现着诗心，是地道的‘诗世界’”。
（金学智《中国古典园林美学》）1.结合古典园林的造园手法分析其美学特点。
2.分析古典园林艺术与其他艺术的关联、相通及区别之处。
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初(国际商务专业基础)试题
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初（国际商务专业基础）试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：434科目名称：国际商务专业基础考生须知 1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、名词解释（每小题5分，共8小题，共40分）1．需求收入弹性2.消费者剩余3.等产量曲线4.固定成本5.生产者剩余6.结构性失业7.要素禀赋理论8.技术性贸易壁垒二、简答题(每小题10分，共6小题，共60分）1.简评幼稚产业理论对发展中国家经济发展的意义？2.分析传统非关税壁垒与新型非关税壁垒的共性与差异。
3.解释边际替代率及其递减的原因。
4.等产量曲线具有哪些特点？5.什么是自然失业率？哪些因素影响自然失业率的高低？6.什么是自动稳定器？其功能的发挥主要通过哪三项制度得以发挥？三、计算题（第1题16分，第2题21分，第3题13分，共3题，共计50分）1.完全竞争企业的长期成本函数为，QQQLTC842 3 市场需求函数为PQd1002000 。
试求：（1）长期均衡的市场价格和数量。
（8分）（2）这个行业长期均衡时的企业数量。
（8分）2.假设某经济的消费函数为C=100+0.8Yd(其中Yd为个人可支配收入)；投资I=100，政府购买支出G=200，政府转移支付TR=62.5(单位均为10亿美元)，税率t=0.25。
问：（1）均衡国民收入是多少？（5分）（2）投资乘数和政府税收乘数分别是多少？（8分）（3））当政府将一笔支出用在政府购买上对国民收入的影响是否和将这一笔支出用在政府转移支付上对国民收入的影响一样？为什么？（8分）3.设中国是汽车进口的小国，对汽车的需求和供给分别为：D=2000-0.02P,S=1200+0.02P,并设国际市场上汽车的价格为10000美元/辆。
广西民族大学考研真题_民族学通论2017年
广西民族大学
2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题
试卷代号：A卷科目代码：616科目名称：民族学通论
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、名词解释（每小题10分，共4小题，共40分）
1、欧罗巴人种
2、林耀华
3、文化圈学派
4、社会形态
二、简述题（每小题20分，共2小题，共40分）
1.请评述你读过的一本民族学著作。
2、在人类生活中，宗教具有哪些功能？
三、论述题（每小题35分，共2小题，共70分）
1．如果我作为民族学调研者，我怎样提升自己的素质。
2、谈谈费孝通对民族学的贡献。
第1页共1页。
广西民族大学考研真题_基础英语2017年
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：622科目名称：基础英语考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、Grammar,Vocabulary and General KnowledgeDirections:Find the ONE choice that best completes the sentence.（每小题1分，共40小题，共40分）1.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.They have enough time to finish the paper.B.Dad says the meat is not enough cooked.C.You are not old enough to buy alcohol.D.She plays well enough for a beginner.2.In“She felt sick from tiredness”,the italicized word is used to indicateparison.B.purpose.C.cause.D.direction.3.Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A.I will buy you a present.B.Mom gave me a necklace.C.I’m going to paint it pink.D.Tom is teaching children Japanese.4.Smoking is so harmful to health that it kills____each year than automobile accidents.A.more seven times peopleB.seven times more peopleC.more people seven timesD.people seven times more5.Sorry I’m late.I____have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.mightB.shouldC.mustn’tD.couldn’t6.Mr.White,together with all his colleagues,____for Europe this morning.A.are leavingB.leaveC.is leavingD.are to leave7.The new designed bedroom seems to be a great deal larger than____.A.it is necessaryB.being necessaryC.to be necessaryD.is necessary8.He was determined to sail around the world____his illness and old age.A.givenB.althoughC.despiteD.in spite9.Mr.White has become bad-tempered since he indulges in Gambling.He is no longer the man____used to be.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that10.You____call your father’s name directly.It’s impolite in China.A.oughtn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t11.It is not____much his appearance I like as his personality.第1页共13页。
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广西民族大学2017年考研专业课初试真题
广西民族大学
2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：807科目名称：美学史基础
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。
否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。
一、名词解释题（每小题5分，共6小题，共30分）
1．知者乐水，仁者乐山
2.澄怀味象
3.入乎其内，出乎其外
4．灵感说（柏拉图）
5.崇高感（博克）
6.形象思维（维柯）
二、简答题（每小题15分，共4小题，共60分）
1．简析老子哲学思想的核心范畴内涵及其对中国美学的影响。
2.举例分析诗歌意象的美学特点及结构类型。
3．简析狄德罗的戏剧理论。
4.简析康德的天才理论。
三、论述题（每小题30分，共1小题，共30分）
1.分析论述席勒的审美教育思想。
四、分析题（每小题15分，共2小题，共30分）
明人计成在《园冶》中说：“轩楹高爽，窗户邻虚。
纳千顷之汪洋，收四射之烂漫。
”清代文学家沈复在《浮生六记》中写道：“若夫园亭楼阁，套室回廊，
叠石成山，栽花取势，又在大中见小，小中见大，虚中有实，实中有虚，或藏或
露，或浅或深，不仅在周回曲折四字也，又不在地广石多徒烦工费。
”
中国古典文学中多有咏园林之作，“明园依绿水，野竹上春霄”，“曲径通幽处,禅房花木深”，“庭院深深深几许,杨柳堆烟,帘外无重幕”，《牡丹亭》里杜丽
娘“人立小庭深院”，看“袅晴丝吹来闲庭院”，叹“不到园林，怎知春色如许”。
可见，中国古典园林艺术不仅历史悠久，而且与古典文学有深刻的关联性。
因此，有学者认为：“在园林中，特别是在名园里，可以说处处蕴蓄着诗意，时
时荡漾着诗情，事事体现着诗心，是地道的‘诗世界’”。
（金学智《中国古典园
林美学》）
1.结合古典园林的造园手法分析其美学特点。
2.分析古典园林艺术与其他艺术的关联、相通及区别之处。
精都考研（）——全国100000考研学子的选择。