公共英语阅读被动语态解析
(完整版)被动语态讲解及练习(附答案).doc
被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式 , 被动语态由 be+过去分词构成,be 随时态的变化而变化。
以 do 为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
赏析被动语态的用法与结构
赏析被动语态的用法与结构一、被动语态的使用情况被动语态是英语中的两大语态之一,它表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态通常在以下情况下使用:(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者。
如:It is found that Tom was murdered and the police has taken action to look into the case.句意为“有人发现汤姆被杀,警方已采取行动调查此事”。
显然“谋杀”这个动作的执行者是未知的,此时用被动语态更适宜。
(2)没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
如:Fresh fruit is sold in this market.句意为“这个市场出售新鲜水果”。
“出售”这个动作的执行者是人人皆知的,没有必要指出具体是谁。
(3)强调动作的承受者。
如:“A Tale of Two Cities” was written by Dickens.句意为“《双城记》的作者是狄更斯”。
此处“A Tale of Two Cities”是句子的重心,即主语是强调的对象,但这并不是说by引起的状语不重要,如果把它们去掉,往往句意不完整。
(4)为了句式的变化或句子结构的平衡。
如:The leader was killed by a terrorist who was arrested immediately after the exploding.句意为“那位领导人被一个恐怖分子杀害了,爆炸事件发生后这个恐怖分子立即被逮捕了”。
这句话如果用主动语态表达,整个句子结构就会显得头重脚轻。
又如: The government is going to build a new school next year and it is going to be built in the poor village.句意为“明年政府要建一所新的学校,就建在那个贫困村”。
如果后一句也用主动语态表达,前后两个句子的句式相同,句子结构便显得呆板、啰嗦。
英语语法被动语态考点总结
英语语法被动语态考点总结标题:英语语法被动语态考点总结一、被动语态的基本概念在英语语法中,被动语态(Passive Voice)是一种动词形式,用于表达主语是动作的承受者而非执行者。
其基本结构为“be + 过去分词”。
例如:“The book is read by Mary.”(这本书被玛丽阅读。
)二、被动语态的构成方式1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词。
例句:The cake is made by my sister every day.2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词。
例句:The house was built in 1980.3. 现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been + 过去分词。
例句:The project has been completed successfully.4. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词。
例句:The meeting will be chaired by the manager tomorrow.5. 过去进行时的被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词。
例句:At that time,a new building was being constructed on the campus.6. 现在完成进行时的被动语态:have/has been being + 过去分词。
例句:For the past two hours, the experiment has been being conducted by the researchers.三、被动语态的应用场景1. 不知道或无需提及动作的执行者时。
2. 强调动作的承受者或者结果时。
3. 在科技论文、新闻报道、官方文件等正式文体中常使用被动语态以保持客观公正。
四、被动语态的转换与注意事项主动语态可以转换为被动语态,反之亦然。
英语被动语态知识点总结讲解
英语被动语态知识点总结讲解英语被动语态是英语中三种语态中的一种,他跟主动语态和倒装语态一样,用在描述一个事件或者动作的时候。
被动语态一般用于描述被动的事件和动作,比如说:“I was given a present.”(我收到了一份礼物),“The car was hit by a truck.”(一辆卡车撞到了车上)。
相比于主动语态,被动语态更加客观,更加的强调了事件的对象而非事件的主体。
下面我们来具体了解一下英语被动语态的一些知识点。
一、使用被动语态的时候需要有一个真正的动作才能使用当我们想要使用被动语态的时候,需要有一个真正的动作或事件,才能将其说明成被动语态。
举个例子,我们不能把下面这句话说成被动语态:“The car is.”(这辆车在那里)因为这句话中并没有真正的动作或者事件。
二、被动语态的结构被动语态的基本结构是:被动用语(be verb)+主语(subject)+过去分词(past participle)。
具体而言,,“be”动词可以是am,is,are,was,were,been,还使得使用this,these,that和those. 下面是一些例子:1. Present tense:The shop is being painted.(这家商店正在被粉刷)2. Past tense:The building was designed by an architect.(这栋建筑是由一位建筑师设计的)3. Future tense:A new bridge will be built over the river.(一座新桥将要横跨这条河流)4. Present perfect tense:The earth has been studied for hundreds of years.(人类对地球进行了几百年的研究)5. Past perfect tense:The job had been completed before he arrived.(那项工作在他到达之前就已经完成了)三、如何转换成被动语态我们可以使用被动语态来描述动作(event或者action)。
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)被动语态知识点讲解被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一,它在句子中常常用来强调动作的接受者或者对象。
在本文中,我们将详细介绍被动语态的用法和结构,并提供一些实例用以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的接受者或对象,而动作的执行者成为句子的宾语或介词短语。
被动语态使用助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词形式构成。
二、被动语态的结构根据被动语态的不同时态,其结构会有些许变化。
下面我们将一一介绍几种常见时态的被动语态结构:1. 一般现在时态:被动语态的一般现在时结构为:[be(am/is/are)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:She writes a book.被动句:A book is written by her.2) 主动句:They make delicious cakes.被动句:Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 现在进行时态:被动语态的现在进行时结构为:[be(am/is/are)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:He is washing the car.被动句:The car is being washed by him.2) 主动句:They are building a house.被动句:A house is being built by them.3. 一般过去时态:被动语态的一般过去时结构为:[be(was/were)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:She bought a new car.被动句:A new car was bought by her.2) 主动句:They painted the wall.被动句:The wall was painted by them.4. 过去进行时态:被动语态的过去进行时结构为:[be(was/were)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:He was cleaning the house.被动句:The house was being cleaned by him.2) 主动句:They were repairing the car.被动句:The car was being repaired by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态的使用可以有多种情况,下面是几个常见的用法:1. 强调行为的接受者:被动语态可以强调动作的接受者或者对象,使其在句子中得到突出。
英语被动语态的语用分析及其翻译
英语被动语态的语用分析及其翻译英语中的被动语态是一种常见的语法结构,它在语言表达中具有重要的语用功能。
本文将从语用学的角度分析英语被动语态的特点和功能,并探讨其翻译策略。
在英语中,被动语态通常强调动作的承受者,将焦点放在动作的影响和结果上。
这种表达方式能够突出动作承受者的地位和作用,使得动作承受者更加明显地被。
与强调动作承受者相对应,被动语态也可以用来弱化动作的施事。
这种表达方式可以避免提及施事的名称,从而使得施事在语境中不那么重要。
被动语态通常被用来表达一种客观中立的态度。
使用被动语态可以避免提及动作的执行者,从而使得整个句子更加客观,减少主观色彩。
在某些情况下,被动语态可以将信息焦点放在动作上,而不是动作的执行者上。
这种表达方式可以使得整个句子更加简洁明了,突出动作的重要性。
在翻译英语被动语态时,最直接的翻译方式是将英语中的主语和谓语翻译成汉语中的主语和谓语。
这种翻译方式可以保留原文中的主被动关系,同时也可以保留原文中的信息焦点。
在翻译英语被动语态时,有时候需要将英语中的主语和谓语进行转换。
这种翻译方式主要是为了适应汉语表达习惯,使得译文更加符合汉语的语言规范。
当英语被动语态中的动作承受者无法在汉语中找到对应的主语时,可以采用意译翻译的方式。
这种翻译方式将英语被动语态中的动作承受者翻译成汉语中的动词短语或者介词短语等成分,从而使得译文更加符合汉语的语言规范。
在英语被动语态中,有时候会省略施事或者使用虚词来表示施事的存在。
在这种情况下,可以采用省略翻译的方式,直接将施事省略不译,从而使得译文更加简洁明了。
英语被动语态的语用分析和翻译需要结合具体的语境来进行。
通过深入理解英语被动语态的语用功能和翻译策略,我们能够更好地把握被动语态在语言表达中的作用和意义,从而更好地进行跨语言交流和翻译工作。
在英语中,被动语态的使用是常见的语法现象,尤其在商务信函和合同中。
被动语态的使用能够强调动作的接受者,使文本更加客观、正式,并提高文本的可信度和规范性。
专题7.被动语态知识梳理与精练
Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.成功是,你即使跨过一个又一个失败,但也没有失去热情。
被动语态一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“be+done”。
在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。
二、常用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。
三.不同时态的被动语态1.时态和语态的结合是河北中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。
时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned by us.一般过去时was/were+done The kite was made by him.一般将来时will/shall+be done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.2.其他时态的被动语态时态被动语态例句现在完成时 have/has+been done The work has been finished by Jim.过去完成时had+been done The work had been finished by Jim by last week. 现在进行时am/is/are+beingdoneThe flowers are being watered by her.过去进行时was/were+beingdoneA letter was being written by her.过去将来时would/be goingto+bedoneHe said a kite would be made by him.3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。
考研英语阅读被动语态语法分析
考研英语阅读被动语态语法分析考研英语阅读被动语态语法分析【难句】1. Questions are increasingly being asked by the councils about how they can be sure that misconduct is not taking place on the grants they provide.【结构分析】本句使用了被动语态的现在进行时结构,主干为Questions are increasingly being asked about ,施动者by the councils构成了分隔结构。
在翻译时,我们可以化被动为主动,the councils are increasingly asking questions about ,介词about后的宾语由how引导的从句how they can be sure 充当,这里又包含一个特殊的结构主语+adj.+从句,that引导的名词性从句misconduct is not taking place on the grants they provide中,grants后是一个省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句,关系代词在从句中作provide的宾语。
【参考译文】各委员会越来越多地提出问题关于他们如何能够确保在他们同意的情况下避免发生处理不当的行为。
【难句】2. It s much easier to say Great idea! when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team, than it is to take the time to explain why an employee s favorite brainchild isn t going anywhere except the circular file.【结构分析】本句成分复杂。
被动语态详解
被动语态详解被动语态是英语中常用的一种语态形式,通过它可以强调动作的承受者与执行者的关系,使句子更加灵活和富有变化。
在英语中,被动语态由be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词构成。
本文将详细讲解被动语态的用法及相关注意事项。
一、被动语态的基本结构1. 一般现在时的被动语态:肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词?2. 一般过去时的被动语态:肯定句:主语 + was/were + 过去分词否定句:主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词?3. 一般将来时的被动语态:肯定句:主语 + will be + 过去分词否定句:主语 + will not be + 过去分词疑问句:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者:主动语态:Tom wrote a letter.(汤姆写了一封信。
)被动语态:A letter was written by Tom.(一封信被汤姆写了。
)2. 当不知道或不关心动作的执行者时:主动语态:Someone broke the window.(有人打破了窗户。
)被动语态:The window was broken.(窗户被打破了。
)3. 当动作的执行者为明显的、普遍的或不需要具体指出时:主动语态:People speak English all over the world.(世界各地的人都说英语。
)被动语态:English is spoken all over the world.(英语在世界各地都被说着。
)4. 相应的介词有些动词后面需要与特定的介词连用,在被动语态中需要保留这些介词。
主动语态:They laughed at the man.(他们嘲笑那个人。
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法高考英语知识点解析:被动语态的构成与用法在高考英语中,被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握其构成与用法对于我们正确理解和运用英语语言至关重要。
下面就让我们一起来详细了解一下被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常由“be 动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
其中,be 动词的形式根据时态的不同而变化,过去分词则保持不变。
1、一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词例如:The book is read by many people(这本书被很多人读。
)2、一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词例如:The house was built last year(这座房子是去年建的。
)3、一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或 be going to be +过去分词例如:The meeting will be held tomorrow (会议将在明天举行。
)The sports meeting is going to be held next week (运动会将在下周举行。
)4、现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词例如:The problem is being discussed now (这个问题正在被讨论。
)5、过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词例如:The bridge was being repaired at that time (那时桥正在被修。
)6、现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词例如:The work has been finished (工作已经完成了。
)7、过去完成时的被动语态:had been +过去分词例如:The task had been completed before I arrived (在我到达之前任务已经完成了。
英语被动语态知识点总结讲解
英语被动语态知识点总结讲解英语的被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要的知识点,它的使用在英语的日常生活和商务场合中都很常见。
本篇文章将详细讲解英语中被动语态的构成、用法以及一些需要注意的地方。
构成英语中的被动语态的构成由“be”动词+过去分词组成,且需要注意的是,这里的“be”动词需要根据时态的不同而变化。
例如:•现在时态:am/is/are+过去分词•过去时态:was/were+过去分词•将来时态:will be+过去分词•现在完成时态:has/have been+过去分词•过去完成时态:had been+过去分词下面是一些示例:•主动语态:I ate a hamburger.(我吃了一个汉堡包。
)•被动语态:A hamburger was eaten by me.(一个汉堡包被我吃了。
)•主动语态:Tom is fixing the car.(汤姆正在修理车子。
)•被动语态:The car is being fixed by Tom.(车子正在被汤姆修理。
)•主动语态:The company will hire new employees.(公司将要招聘新员工。
)•被动语态:New employees will be hired by the company.(新员工将被公司招聘。
)用法英语中的被动语态虽然不像其他语言中那样常用,但在英语的日常生活中或者商务场合中,还是经常使用到的。
它主要的用法如下:1. 强调动作的承受者当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,就可以使用被动语态。
例如:•主动语态:Tom wrote the report.(Tom写了这个报告。
)•被动语态:The report was written by Tom.(这个报告是Tom写的。
)通过以上的例子,我们可以看到,在被动语态中,动作的承受者已经被强调了。
2. 强调动作的执行者当我们需要强调动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态的反义词“get”语态即“get+过去分词”。
被动语态用法详解
The book is being written by the author.(这本书正在由作者撰 写。)
被动语态表示主语的客观情况
客观情况
当描述主语的客观情况或状态时,使 用被动语态可以强调客观事实,突出 主语的状态。
例子
The car is being repaired by the mechanic.(这辆车正在由技工修理。)
被动语态的结构通常是“be+过去分词”,其中be动词表示被动关系;系表结构的结构则是“be+形容 词或名词”,其中be动词表示状态或属性。
在被动语态中,主语通常是动作的接受者,而在系表结构中,主语通常是状态的主体。
用法上的差异
被动语态通常用于强调动作的接受者, 使句子更加客观、中立;系表结构则 用于强调状态或属性,使句子更加具 体、生动。
详细描述
在被动语态的句子中,需要使用助动词be(或get)和过去分词形式来表示被动意义。如果缺少了助动词或过去 分词,就会导致句子结构不完整或不符合语法规则。
语义错误
总结词
指被动语态的句子在语义上不准确或不合逻辑。
详细描述
使用被动语态时,需要注意句子的语义是否准确传达了动作或行为的实际发生情况。有 时,由于对动作主体的强调不够或者对动作本身理解不准确,会导致被动语态的句子语
被动语态表示主语的必要条件
必要条件
当描述主语的必要条件时,使用被动语态可 以强调条件的重要性,突出主语需要满足的 条件。
例子
The project must be completed by the deadline.(项目必须在截止日期前完成。)
05
被动语态的常见错误分析
结构错误
总结词
完整版英语被动语态讲解及练习和参考答案
语态:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态和被动语态。
英语中有两种语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如:Many people speak Chinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
注意:只有及物动词才有被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.练习 1 John, you can't go out to play until your homework _______.A. finishesB. has finishedC. is finishedD. was finished思路分析:本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。
作业是由某个人来完成的,因此用被动语态结构is finished,故选择C。
2 We will fly a kite as soon as your homework _______.A. finishesB. will be finishedC. has finishedD. is finished思路分析:本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。
在题干中,your homework作时间状语从句的主语,因此用被动语态结构,在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来,故选择D。
3.—Your classroom is very clean.—Yes, it ______ every day.A. is cleanedB. cleansC. is cleaningD. was cleaned思路分析:本题考查的是一般现在时的被动语态。
被动语态的用法归纳笔记
被动语态的用法归纳笔记在学习英语的漫漫长路中,被动语态就像是一个时而调皮、时而乖巧的小精灵,总是让人又爱又恨。
今儿个,咱就好好来唠唠这被动语态的用法,把它给彻底整明白!先来说说啥是被动语态。
简单来讲,被动语态就是表示“主语是动作的承受者”。
比如说,“The cake was eaten by me”在这个句子里,“cake”(蛋糕)就是被“eat”(吃)这个动作影响的对象,而不是主动去执行“吃”这个动作的主体。
那啥时候该用被动语态呢?这可得好好说道说道。
当我们不知道或者没必要指出动作的执行者时,被动语态就派上用场啦。
就像有一天我走进厨房,发现盘子都洗好了,可我不知道是谁洗的,这时候我就可以说“ The dishes were washed” 你看,多省事,不用纠结到底是爸爸还是妈妈洗的。
还有啊,当动作的执行者很明显或者不重要的时候,咱也用被动语态。
比如说“Books are sold in this store”(这家店卖书),重点在于强调书在这儿卖,而不是谁在卖书。
再来讲讲被动语态的构成。
被动语态是由“be 动词+及物动词的过去分词”组成的。
这里的“be 动词”要根据时态和主语的人称来变化。
比如说一般现在时就是“am/is/are +过去分词”,一般过去时就是“was/were +过去分词”。
我记得有一次做英语作业,遇到一道题是“ The window ______ (break) last night” 我一开始想都没想就写了“breaks”,结果被老师打了个大红叉。
后来老师耐心给我讲解,这明显是窗户被打破,要用被动语态,而且是过去时,应该是“was broken”。
从那以后,我对被动语态的时态可就上了心。
被动语态在各种时态里的变化还挺多。
一般将来时是“will be +过去分词”,比如“ The meeting will be held tomorrow” (会议明天举行);现在进行时是“am/is/are being +过去分词”,像“ The road is being repaired now” (路正在修);过去进行时是“was/were being +过去分词”,比如说“ The house was being painted when I came back” (我回来的时候房子正在被粉刷)。
【推荐】解析雅思阅读被动语态的几种特殊用法-优秀word范文 (2页)
【推荐】解析雅思阅读被动语态的几种特殊用法-优秀word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理,本司不为其真实性负责,如有异议或侵权请及时联系,本司将立即删除!== 本文为word格式,下载后可方便编辑和修改! ==解析雅思阅读被动语态的几种特殊用法被动语态是由助动词 be +过去分词构成的。
这里的 be 既要表示出与主语的人称和数一致,也要表示出时、体的形式。
被动语态有几种特殊用法。
主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有: act , add up , clean , compare , count ,cook , draw , fill , iron , keep , let , look , make up ,milk , kill , open , photograph , prove , read , sell , smoke ,spoil 等。
The window wont open .The cow milks well .Damp wood will not fire .She doesnt photograph well .His judgment proved wrong .It turned out fine that day .How did his coat catch on a nail ?2)实用动词 need / want / deserve / require + V - ing 形式表示被动意义。
My hair needs cutting 。
.The bike wants repairing .There is nothing to worry about .②不定式修饰 want , have 等动词的宾语,而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时:。
pets的被动语态和谓语非谓语区别
PETS2的被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词组成。
am /is/ are done was /were done would be done am/is/are being done has/have been done had been done will/shall have been done would have been done ; 1、不仅如此,get +过去分词结构的被动语态,get dressed ; get divorced ; get engaged ; get confused ; get lost; get washed ; get married2、seem/appear + 过去分词的被动语态Eg: The house appears deserted 这房子好像没人居住了。
Eg: A sound of piano is heard in the adjoining room(被动语态)1、无被动语态的情况。
不及物动词和短语无被动语态,如:appear,belongto,break out,break down,consist of,come true,disappear,occur to,take place=happen等等。
表事物属性的动词,如:wash,sell,read,wear,write,cost等等。
系动词无被动,如:be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,stay,remain,keep 等。
2、主动表被动的情况。
当need,want,require,worth,后面接doing时,表示被动含义,等于to be done。
3、固定搭配It is/was said +that 从句/to do 不定式,意为“据说”,可以用两种被动语态的句子来表示。
常用的动词有:believe,think,report,expect,know 等等。
完整版英语被动语态用法详解含答案
完整版英语被动语态用法详解含答案一、选择题1.—People should still keep a social distance these days.—Yes. A large number of masks ________ in the following months.A.needed B.are needed C.were needed D.will be needed 2.— Mom, can I eat a hamburger? —- Sure, if the dishes __________.A.washed B.are washed C.will wash D.will be washed 3.— How is the case going on?—I’ve no idea. It at the meeting right away.A.discussed B.will discuss C.is discussed D.will be discussed 4.It's reported that Nanjing metro line 5 __________ in July next year.A.complete B.is completed C.will complete D.will be completed 5.The historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy has received high praise for its story, costume, and make-up since it ________ on screen on April 7th.A.was put B.is put C.has been put D.will be put 6.—Have you heard of the pop song Little Apple?—Yes. It________every evening when aged people do square dancing downstairs.A.plays B.is played C.was played D.played 7.—Have you finished your report, Jim?—Not yet. I will make it if I________ two more days.A.give B.will give C.am given D.will be given 8.— Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone?— Because it ___________ by Huawei last week.A.was produced B.would produce C.have produced D.was producing 9.—My father works in Shanghai. It takes him much time to go home every month.—Don’t worry. It’ll be easier and quicker after Taizhou High-Speed Rail Station _______. A.builds B.is built C.will build D.will be built 10.—It’s so cold! Why not close the window?—Sorry. I t________. I’ll have it________.A.won’t be shut , repaired B.won’t shut , repairingC.haven’t shut , repairing D.isn’t shutting , repairing11.The school hall ________ next week to celebrate this year's Science & Technology Festival. A.is decorated B.will decorate C.is decorating D.will be decorated 12.— Who got the first prize?— Millie did. The result ______ just now.A.is announced B.announce C.was announced D.announced 13.Many travel vouchers (旅游优惠券) ________ to attract more and more tourists next five months.A.will send B.will be sent C.are sent D.send14.We're sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly through our work in the nearfuture.A.improved B.was improved C.has improved D.will be improved 15.— Amy, do you know what will happen in Dongtai?— The high-speed railway from Yancheng to Nantong ________ soon.A.will be completed B.will complete C.was completed D.completed 16.—Excuse me, sir. When can we drive on the highway? —Not until it ________next week. A.is built B.builds C.will build D.will be built 17.— When can we play football in our football field? — Not until it________.A.will be repaired B.is repaired C.repairs D.has repaired 18.— Soccer first started in England in the 12th century, didn't it?— Yes, but now it ________all over the world.A.plays B.is played C.is playing D.has played19.A display of music and fireworks ______at the 3rd Yangzhou International Lighting Festival on July 20, 2018.A.was held B.were held C.has held D.will be held 20.—I saw several boxes of books at the gate of our school just now.—They ________ to children in poor areas.A.were sent B.are sent C.will be sent D.were being sent 21.—How do you like the poem ? —It’s a bit too long, but anyway, it________well. A.reads B.is read C.is reading D.has read 22.—Excuse me, when can we play basketball in the playground?— Not until the playground ________ next week.A.repairs B.will be repaired C.is repaired D.will repair 23.As China is growing stronger and stronger, Chinese _____by more and more people around the world.A.speak B.is spoken C.was spoken D.has spoken 24.—The film Coco ________ with the Oscar Award not long ago.—That’s great! It deserves such a high prize.A.presents B.presented C.is presented D.was presented 25.Good news! The film Titanic has returned to big screen in 3D fifteen years after it ________. A.has shown B.was shown C.shows D.will be shown 26.— I hope to travel in space one day.—That’s not just a dream. It’s reported the first space hotel in the near future. A.builds B.is built C.will build D.will be built 27.—Henry, did you drive back to your hometown during the May Day holiday?— No. I was ________ to take the train because the traffic is often the busiest on the highway. A.praised B.taught C.prevented D.advised28.No one knows when the bridge ________, because there is no record about it.A.has built B.built C.was built D.builds29.The twins ________ the guitar at this time the day before yesterday. I think they might be preparing for the art festival these days.A.were heard playing B.heard to play C.heard playing D.were heard to play 30.It is reported that a total of 71,000 5G base stations ________ in Jiangsu Province in 2020. A.build B.built C.were built D.have built 31.With the development of 5G technology, more self-driving cars ________ in the near future. A.use B.are used C.will use D.will be used 32.— When shall we hand in our book review on The Kite Runner?— As soon as it ________.A.completes B.is completed C.will complete D.will be completed 33.Your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes on Meituan.A.cancels B.is cancelled C.will cancel D.will be cancelled 34.— Mum, may I watch TV for a while?— As soon as your homework _______ you can.A.finishes B.will finish C.is finished D.will be finished 35.When waste from daily life ________, people won’t mix some resources with wet waste. A.separated B.is separated C.separates D.will be separated 36.Last year, five Chinese teachers ________ to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese styles for four weeks.A.were sent B.sent C.have sent D.have been sent 37.—Aunt Li, who is the pretty girl in red in the picture?—It’s my daughter. The picture________10 years ago.A.took B.is taken C.has taken D.was taken 38.— Excuse me, where is the nearest post office? —It’s ________ to the bank, but it________ for a few days.A.close; has closed B.close; has been closedC.closed; has been closed D.closed; has been close39.Last year Huai'an Flyover(高架) _________. Now it brings much convenience to people. A.finished B.finishes C.is finishing D.was finished 40.When the new city square ________ next year, it will be a good place for people to relax. A.will be finished B.is finishing C.was finished D.is finished 41.When he went abroad for further study, his parents and children _______ by his wife. A.are well taken care of B.took good care ofC.were taken good care D.were taken good care of42.—A meeting ________ in our community to show people how to sort their garbage this weekend.—That’s great. Let’s go to the meeting together.A.will hold B.will be held C.hold D.is held43.—A great deal of money ________ at the charity show!—Yes, but the cost of living ________ a lot, so we still need to do a lot for the children in poorareas.A.raised; rose B.raised; has risen C.was raised; rose D.was raised; has risen44.Now waste from daily life in the city of Suzhou ________ to be separated into four different groups.A.is requiring B.is required C.was required D.required45.A new railway station ________ in my town next year.A.builds B.built C.is built D.will be built 46.On Jack's birthday, many gifts and love ________ to him.A.was given B.is given C.are given D.were given 47.Don't touch that machine ________ you ________.A.if; are allowed B.unless; are allowedC.if; allow D.unless; are allowed to48.Don’t discuss the problem with your partner unless you ________ to.A.ask B.are asked C.will ask D.will be asked 49.Many people think that badly-behaved travelers ________ so that they won't behave that way again.A.should punish B.should be punishedC.mustn't be punished D.must punish50.After the first lunar samples ________, Chang’e 5 finished its task on the moon. A.collect B.collected C.were collected D.will be collected 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.D解析:D【详解】句意:——现在人们还是应该保持社交距离。
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公共英语阅读被动语态解析
2017公共英语阅读被动语态解析
当一个语法现象和另一个语法现象组合使用时,语序的问题就会十分突出(尤其是当一个同学单词背得差不多的时候)。
四级考试中考察的是语法组合中的意思表达和考生的语法实际应用能力,即动态语法(Grammarinaction/Grammarexpress)。
本节主要讲解一些四级考试中常见的被动语态:被动的处理如下:
句型1:
Itisestimatedthat/Itisobservedthat/Itisreportedthat时,被动可在中文中处理为“据估计”(据报道/据发现)比“被估计”要自然一些,这种句型中that后面的叙述才是信息点(尤其是在段落首句的时候)
例:Itisobservedthatalthoughourknowledgegreatlyexceedsthatofour previousages,thereisnocorrespondingincreasinginourwisdom.
译:据观察,虽然我们的知识远超过前一代,在智慧上却没有相应的增长。
句型2:Somethingisdone句型,is是虚词,只有有限的.字面意思,在文字上是不翻译的,俗称被动不走“被”字。
例:Whenpeoplearementallyengaged,greatchemicalchangeswouldtakeplaceinsomecognitiveareas.
译:当人们用脑的时候,在某些认知区域中就会发生巨大的化学变化。
句型3:Itisdone在主语模糊化。
英语在被动语态上,不习惯用虚拟的动作执行人,因此中文表达时,“我们认为”,“有人说”,“据说”等在英语中就都是被动了。
例:Itisestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,greatchemicalchangeswilltakeplaceinsuchcognitiveareasasmemo ryandfocusability.
译:我们确信,当人们用脑时没,在记忆力和注意力等认知区域中就会发生巨大的化学变化。
总结:被动不是阅读中最难的语法点,但是如果不注意被动的语言表达,头脑中反映的中文往往变得怪异,阅读速度自然就不会快。
应掌握被动语态的语言表达。
第一部分、一切从解题的需要出发来阅读文章一、理解文章的行文思路因为所有的文章都是来自现实生活,因此,作者的文章必定围
绕着一个主题biomedicalresearchesanimalrightsadvocates;
作者通常会以引言或事例引出要议论的话题Toparaphrase18th-centurystatesmanEdmundBurke,allthatisneededforthetriumphofa misguidedcauseisthatgoodpeopledonothing;
然后作者必定要提出自己的观点Scientistsneedtorespondforcefullytoanimalrightsadvocates,wh oseargumentsareconfusingthepublicandtherebythreateningadvan cesinhealthknowledgeandcare.
接下来作者会用举例等方法来论证自己的观点:
1.Forexample,agrandmotherlywoman…
2.Scientistsmustcommunicatetheirmessagetothepublicinacom passionate,understandableway--
inhumanterms,notinthelanguageofmolecularbiology;
在文章的结尾处,作者还会提出解决问题的方法Muchcanbedone.
不难看出,熟知文章的行文思路,对解答文章的主旨大意题、段落内的推理判断题以及作者的观点态度题都是极有帮助的。
我们建议考生朋友们在做了一定量的历年真题之后,回过头来总结一下文章的结构特点,这对以后的阅读和解题都会大有裨益。
二、练成快速分清文章主次内容的本领一篇文章所包含的内容很多,而试题往往只考查其主要思想观点和部分细节内容,因此我们读了文章后面的阅读试题以后,一定确立这样一个意识,即,只关注和查找和试题有关的内容,只要能够回答问题,不必弄懂每一个细节。
这种阅读方法的依据是,考研阅读当中的试题60%以上题型为细节题,解答这些试题,只要找到其在原文中的出处,就能够确定答案,不需要联系文章的其他内容。
阅读文章当中常常有一些举例的地方,其所设涉及的人物往往有很长的定语,比
如,NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsth at…GeorgeAnnas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniver sity,maintainsthat…对于这些细节,我们一般不用对人名后的限制说明部分太注意,重点是看这个人他/她有什么观点。
三、分清文章中的观点和事实细节区分事实和观点是阅读理解能力最为重要的一环。
表明作者观点的句子一般为判断句,
如,Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.Sadtosay,thisprojecthastur nedouttob emostlylowlevelfindingsaboutfactualerrors….Ibelie vethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassivewavearethesamet hatunderlietheglobalizationprocess…Allthesearebeneficial,n otdetrimental,tocustomers.文章中事实细节往往带有更加明显的标志,如,Forexample,Forinstance,InAmerica,还有一些数据等都是事实细节的标志。
第二部分、利用一切线索为解题服务一、文章中的连词和副词是解题的线索连词和副词是文章当中的重要连接手段,它们使文章的各种内容成为一个逻辑整体。
需要大家注意的词有
but,however,nevertheless,while,though,although,and,ononehan d…ontheotherhand,consequently,asaresult,consequently,thus 等等。
这些词表达着文章当中的并列、因果、转折等逻辑关系,往往是作者表明自己观点的依据。
二、文章中的例子和引用之处一般会出题现在最为常考的方式是问作者为什么要举某个例子或引用某人的话比
如,Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat___;The authorbeginshisarticlewithEdmundBurke'swordsto___。
三、文章中带有形容词比较级和最高级部分容易出题大家对themost,further,greater,longer,morecomplex等字词要高度敏感,这些地方往往是出题的地方。
四、文章当中的结构复杂句往往蕴涵着试题这类句子通常为,带
有许多插入成分的复杂单句,带有很多附加成分的复合句,其中以定
语从句为多。
总之,在PETS英语阅读的中后期,同学们应该以如何在考试当中
获取高分为复习的中心任务,努力培养和提高自己的做题能力和技巧。
充分意识到树立大阅读意识对考研阅读复习的促进作用,从大处着眼,在具体做题实践当中将各个小的技巧贯彻落实,这是一条捷径。