论文-认知无线电中频谱感知技术的分析与仿真
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本文最后分析了认知无线电的 IEEE 802.22 标准，该标准要求在不损害 已有电视设备服务的前提下，使用电视频带为非授权用户提供廉价的无线接 入服务。并本文针对该标准的物理层设计，深入探讨了频谱感知技术在 802.22 中的应用。
关键词 认知无线电；频谱感知；频谱空穴检测；合作机制；802.22 标准
所 在 单 位： 电子与信息技术研究院
答 辩 日 期： 2007 年 7 月
授予学位单位： 哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: TN911.23 U.D.C: 621.396.94
Dissertation for the Master’s Degree in Engineering
工学硕士学位论文
认知无线电中频谱感知技术的分析与仿真
姜靖
哈尔滨工业大学
2007 年 6 月
国内图书分类号: TN911.23 国际图书分类号: 621.396.94
工学硕士学位论文
认知无线电中频谱感知技术的分析与仿真
硕 士 研 究 生： 姜靖
导
师： 谭学治教授
申 请 学 位： 工学硕士
学 科 、 专 业： 信息与通信工程
-I-
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Cognitive Radio (CR) is a new intelligent wireless communication technology, which is viewed as a potential approach for improving the utilization of a precious radio spectrum，because of its ability of changing its transmitter parameters immediately based on interaction with the environment where it operates, especially it enables unlicensed users to use licensed spectrums. It should be noted that spectrum sensing is not only a primary task, but also a notable character of CR. After introducing some fundamental concepts of cognitive radios, this dissertation simulates several sensing spectrum methods; then researches on cooperation scheme; and last discusses their applications in IEEE 802.22.
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
摘要
认知无线电是一种智能的无线通信技术，可以通过与运行环境交互而改 变其发射机参数，特别是可以让未授权用户在不干扰授权用户的前提下最大 化地分享已分配的频谱，从而提高无线电的频谱利用率。认知无线电的首要 任务是感知频谱环境，它体现了其最显著的认知特征。本文在简介认知无线 电基本理论的基础上，通过仿真对比分析了频谱空穴检测的几种方案，研究 了频谱感知合作算法，并探讨了 IEEE802.22 中的频谱感知技术的应用。
Finally, this dissertation analyses IEEE 802.22 standard. Based on cognitive radio technology, this standard is required to reuse the TV spectrum without causing any harmful interference for existed TV services and provides cheaper services to non-authorized user. In this dissertation, for designing physical layer, the applications of sensing spectrum technologies in IEEE 802.22 standard are analyzed in detailed. Keywords Cognitive Radios Sensing Spectrum Spectrum Hole Detection
Cooperation Scheme IEEE 802.22 Stardard
- III -
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕.......................................................................................................................... I Abstract ....................................................................................................................... II
本文首先综述了认知无线电的基本原理，包括其定义、概念模型、主要 功能和关键技术。针对频谱感知技术，给出了频谱空穴和干扰温度的概念， 提出如何寻找适宜的频谱空穴，并将频谱感知技术归纳为发射机探测和合作 探测两大方面。
其次，本文主要针对认知无线电感知技术的第一方面发射机探测，详细 分析了三种频谱检测的方法：匹配滤波器法、能量检测法和静态循环特性检 测法，并对现存的其他检测方案进行了简单介绍。然后给出不同信噪比的 AM 信号和直扩信号，利用 MATLAB 对各个检测方案进行具体的建模仿 真，通过分析证实了能量检测法可以有效地节省时间，静态循环特性检测法 则可以在较低信噪比的情况下辨别出不同类别调制信号和噪声。在分析各个 方法的基础上，提出了频谱感知方法的改进方案。
Firstly, this dissertation summarizes fundamental notions of cognitive radios, including its definition, concept model, main functions and important technologies. With regard to sensing spectrum techniques, spectrum-hole, interference temperature and their relationships are presented. Then the dissertation classifies sensing spectrum into two parts, transmitter detection and cooperative detection.
Date of Defence: Degree-Conferring-Institution:
Jiang Jing
Prof. Tan Xuezhi
Master of Engineering
Information and Communication Engineering School of Electronics and Information Technology July, 2007 Harbin Institute of Technology
- II -
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
to multi-user multi-carrier networks and stated precise conditions under which agility gain is achieved. We analyzed two cooperative schemes employing varying degrees of cooperation: entire non-cooperative and partial cooperative. We found that for multi-carrier networks, asymptotically there is no difference between the cooperation scheme and partial cooperative scheme. Compared with entire non-cooperative scheme, however, the agility gain of our cooperation scheme was found to be great.
Thirdly, this dissertation shows the benefits of cooperation in cognitive radios, which is second part of sensing spectrum technology. Considering a simple two users cooperative cognitive network, it shows improvement in agility by exploiting the inherent asymmetry. We then extended our cooperation scheme
THE ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF SENSING SPECTRUM TECHNOLOGIES
IN COGNITIVE RADIOS
Candidate： Supervisor： Academic Degree Applied for： Specialty：
Affiliation:
Secondly, regarding the first part of sensing spectrum technologies, transmitter detection, this dissertation systematically investigates three digital signal processing techniques: matched filtering, energy detection, and cyclostationary feature detection. In addition, considering AM and DS signals under different signal to noise ratios, this dissertation makes modeling and simulation for various detection techniques. Our analysis shows that energy detection does well in saving time, whereas cyclostationary feature detection has its advantages due to its ability to differentiate modulated signals, interference and noise in low signal to noise ratios. Bases on above analysis, we present a novel improved technique for sensing spectrum.
接下来，本文研究了感知技术的第二方面合作探测，论述其对于认知无 线电网络灵敏度所带来的益处：考虑一个简化的两认知用户网络，利用网络 固有的非对称性证明了合作机制可以提高网络灵敏度。并将其扩展到多用户 多载波网络，总结出两种合作机制：完全非合作机制和部分合作机制，在提 出精确条件的基础上，论证了在多用户网络中部分合作机制和完全合作机制 渐进的趋同；而与完全非合作机制相比，合作机制则带来了很大的灵敏度增 益。
关键词 认知无线电；频谱感知；频谱空穴检测；合作机制；802.22 标准
所 在 单 位： 电子与信息技术研究院
答 辩 日 期： 2007 年 7 月
授予学位单位： 哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: TN911.23 U.D.C: 621.396.94
Dissertation for the Master’s Degree in Engineering
工学硕士学位论文
认知无线电中频谱感知技术的分析与仿真
姜靖
哈尔滨工业大学
2007 年 6 月
国内图书分类号: TN911.23 国际图书分类号: 621.396.94
工学硕士学位论文
认知无线电中频谱感知技术的分析与仿真
硕 士 研 究 生： 姜靖
导
师： 谭学治教授
申 请 学 位： 工学硕士
学 科 、 专 业： 信息与通信工程
-I-
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Cognitive Radio (CR) is a new intelligent wireless communication technology, which is viewed as a potential approach for improving the utilization of a precious radio spectrum，because of its ability of changing its transmitter parameters immediately based on interaction with the environment where it operates, especially it enables unlicensed users to use licensed spectrums. It should be noted that spectrum sensing is not only a primary task, but also a notable character of CR. After introducing some fundamental concepts of cognitive radios, this dissertation simulates several sensing spectrum methods; then researches on cooperation scheme; and last discusses their applications in IEEE 802.22.
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
摘要
认知无线电是一种智能的无线通信技术，可以通过与运行环境交互而改 变其发射机参数，特别是可以让未授权用户在不干扰授权用户的前提下最大 化地分享已分配的频谱，从而提高无线电的频谱利用率。认知无线电的首要 任务是感知频谱环境，它体现了其最显著的认知特征。本文在简介认知无线 电基本理论的基础上，通过仿真对比分析了频谱空穴检测的几种方案，研究 了频谱感知合作算法，并探讨了 IEEE802.22 中的频谱感知技术的应用。
Finally, this dissertation analyses IEEE 802.22 standard. Based on cognitive radio technology, this standard is required to reuse the TV spectrum without causing any harmful interference for existed TV services and provides cheaper services to non-authorized user. In this dissertation, for designing physical layer, the applications of sensing spectrum technologies in IEEE 802.22 standard are analyzed in detailed. Keywords Cognitive Radios Sensing Spectrum Spectrum Hole Detection
Cooperation Scheme IEEE 802.22 Stardard
- III -
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕.......................................................................................................................... I Abstract ....................................................................................................................... II
本文首先综述了认知无线电的基本原理，包括其定义、概念模型、主要 功能和关键技术。针对频谱感知技术，给出了频谱空穴和干扰温度的概念， 提出如何寻找适宜的频谱空穴，并将频谱感知技术归纳为发射机探测和合作 探测两大方面。
其次，本文主要针对认知无线电感知技术的第一方面发射机探测，详细 分析了三种频谱检测的方法：匹配滤波器法、能量检测法和静态循环特性检 测法，并对现存的其他检测方案进行了简单介绍。然后给出不同信噪比的 AM 信号和直扩信号，利用 MATLAB 对各个检测方案进行具体的建模仿 真，通过分析证实了能量检测法可以有效地节省时间，静态循环特性检测法 则可以在较低信噪比的情况下辨别出不同类别调制信号和噪声。在分析各个 方法的基础上，提出了频谱感知方法的改进方案。
Firstly, this dissertation summarizes fundamental notions of cognitive radios, including its definition, concept model, main functions and important technologies. With regard to sensing spectrum techniques, spectrum-hole, interference temperature and their relationships are presented. Then the dissertation classifies sensing spectrum into two parts, transmitter detection and cooperative detection.
Date of Defence: Degree-Conferring-Institution:
Jiang Jing
Prof. Tan Xuezhi
Master of Engineering
Information and Communication Engineering School of Electronics and Information Technology July, 2007 Harbin Institute of Technology
- II -
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
to multi-user multi-carrier networks and stated precise conditions under which agility gain is achieved. We analyzed two cooperative schemes employing varying degrees of cooperation: entire non-cooperative and partial cooperative. We found that for multi-carrier networks, asymptotically there is no difference between the cooperation scheme and partial cooperative scheme. Compared with entire non-cooperative scheme, however, the agility gain of our cooperation scheme was found to be great.
Thirdly, this dissertation shows the benefits of cooperation in cognitive radios, which is second part of sensing spectrum technology. Considering a simple two users cooperative cognitive network, it shows improvement in agility by exploiting the inherent asymmetry. We then extended our cooperation scheme
THE ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF SENSING SPECTRUM TECHNOLOGIES
IN COGNITIVE RADIOS
Candidate： Supervisor： Academic Degree Applied for： Specialty：
Affiliation:
Secondly, regarding the first part of sensing spectrum technologies, transmitter detection, this dissertation systematically investigates three digital signal processing techniques: matched filtering, energy detection, and cyclostationary feature detection. In addition, considering AM and DS signals under different signal to noise ratios, this dissertation makes modeling and simulation for various detection techniques. Our analysis shows that energy detection does well in saving time, whereas cyclostationary feature detection has its advantages due to its ability to differentiate modulated signals, interference and noise in low signal to noise ratios. Bases on above analysis, we present a novel improved technique for sensing spectrum.
接下来，本文研究了感知技术的第二方面合作探测，论述其对于认知无 线电网络灵敏度所带来的益处：考虑一个简化的两认知用户网络，利用网络 固有的非对称性证明了合作机制可以提高网络灵敏度。并将其扩展到多用户 多载波网络，总结出两种合作机制：完全非合作机制和部分合作机制，在提 出精确条件的基础上，论证了在多用户网络中部分合作机制和完全合作机制 渐进的趋同；而与完全非合作机制相比，合作机制则带来了很大的灵敏度增 益。