虚拟语气课subjective_mood

• 如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会， 我会对那个女孩说三个字：我爱你。如果 非要在这份爱上加一个期限，我希望是一 万年。 • If the God should/ were to give/ _____________(give) me gave would tell another chance, I ___________(tell) the girl three words: I love you. If our love ________(have to) be set a time limit, I had to wish it ________be 10000 years. would
Practice: tell what the following people are thinking.
• 2-year-old: • If I ____(can) talk, I ____tell my mother that I hate peas. • 14-year-old: • I ____be happier if I _____(can) drive. • 19-year-old: • If I_____ (have) a lot of money I _____attend a private school.
If the parents ______at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.
A. arrives C. had arrived
B. arrive D. has arrived
虚拟语气
T. or F.
You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. F
Your pale face suggests that you are ill. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong.
•Peking Opera ________ (sound) beautiful. sounds
3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:
•The pen _________ (write) very fast. writes •This kind of sweater _______ (sell) well. sells
Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气）
Definition
• 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式. 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实， 而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等； 一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议 等
虚拟语气
Types
1. If
型
• 与现在事实相反： • Eg. If I were a child ,I would be happier. • If he were a bird, he could fly in the blue sky. • If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa. • If 从句中用were /did(动词的过去式)， 主 句用would/could/should/might +V. (原)
• 与过去事实相反： • Discover • If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam. • If they had had enough rain last year, they would have gained good harvest. • If he had driven more carefully yesterday, he would not have had the car accident. had done • If 从句中用______________， 主句用 _______________________ would/could/should/might +have done
T F T
虚拟语气
Should + V 型
2. It is important (necessary, strange,) that .... 类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natural，
Practice
• 1. Iwould have studied ______________(study) English when I was a child if Ihad known ________(know) the importance of it. • 2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If had come she ___________(come), she would have met __________(meet) my brother. • 3.Miss Lai explained the homework to the class. If Judy ___________(pay) attention had paid would not have at the time, she _____________(not miss) missed her instructions.
insist
order, command advise, suggest, propose demand, require, request, ask
其后的宾语从句及以其同根名词引导的主语，表 语，同位语从句中。
虚拟语气
Translation
• 他建议我们早点回家。 He suggested that we (should) go home earlier. 宾语从句 It was suggested that we (should) go home earlier. 主语从句 His suggestion was that we (should) go home earlier. 表语从句 He made an suggestion that we (should) go home earlier. 同位语从句
他想要是他没这样做该多好wouldratherthat从句过去时过去完成时过去现在将来类似if型2虚拟语气宁愿
被动语态小回顾
Translation
• 1. 李安被评为最佳导演。（name） • 2. 两个月以后你们将要被送出国。(in two months) • 3. 新的房屋正在建设中。 • 4. 据说这本书很畅销。
TIPS
虚拟语气
insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should + do; Insist 表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事 实。 Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。
不用被动语态的动词：
1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, … happened •A traffic accident ________(happen) just now. 2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…
If型特例1：混杂条件句：
定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
与过去相反
使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：
１． 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为 所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“， 动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生 了．
If you __________tomorrow, you _________ find the new manager working in the office.
A. should come; would C. will come; should
虚拟语气
B. would come; would D. comes; might
虚拟语气
2. Should + V 型 在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句 及主语从句中 句型 it is necessary/strange/…that +从句
虚拟语气
Should +v 型
1.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句中。 这种用法的词有： 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求
• 如果我有一千万，我就能在北京买套房 子。。。 • 如果我有翅膀，就不用有堵车的烦恼。。。 • These show your good wishes or dreams. • It is evident that they are not real or they can’t come true. 虚拟语气------表示说话人的愿望、要求、命 令、建议等
• 与将来事实相反：
• If 从句中用______________， 主句 should/ were to do/did would/could/should/might +have 用_______________________ done
Practice:
1. If itwere to rain/should rain/ rained tomorrow, ______________ (rain) we __________not go out. would 2. I don’t like exams. If there were/should be ___________(be) no exam tomorrow, I ________see a film. would 3. Eason doesn’t think he will ever win a singing competition. If by the chance he ______________(win), he would spend should win/ won/ were to winthe prize money on a computer.
虚拟语气
If型特例2：省略 if 的条件从句：
用法：从句中有 were, had 或 should 时， 省略if ，而把它们放在句首。 1. If I were you, I would not do that. Were I you, I would not do that. 2. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he failed in the experiment this time, he would try again. 3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed. Had you not helped me, I should have failed.
虚拟语气
1. If 型条件 I源自 从句的谓语形 从句 式 现在主句的谓语形式 would/could/should/ might +V. (原) would/could/should/ might +have done
过去式 (were) had done
过去
1. should+ V.(原) would/could/should 未来 3. were to do /might +V. (原)