硕士英语综合教程1课文翻译和课后答案__交大版(unit1-6)

硕士英语综合教程1 （参考答案）
目录
Unit 1Low Carbon Economy(1)
Unit 2A Harmonious Society(12)
Unit 3Culture Shock(20)
Unit 4Artificial Intelligence(27)
Unit 5Success and Happiness(34)
Unit 6Urban Life(44)
Unit 7Mass Media(52)
Unit 8New Applications of Waste Materials(60)
Unit 9Car Culture(70)
Unit 10Famous Persons’ Biographies(81)
Unit 11World Cultural Heritage(87)
Unit 12Wisdom and Beliefs(96)
硕士英语综合教程1
Unit 1 Low Carbon Economy
Text A Creating a Low Carbon Economy
→III. Key to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) the result of the rapid build up of greenhouse gases primarily caused by human activities; we begin a concerted, rapid shift toward a low carbon economy
(2) climate represents the envelope within which all our natural systems operate
(3) the increased costs of damage from extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, heat waves, and major storms; the risk that such events affect global financial markets through higher or more volatile insurance costs; and the risk of abrupt and large scale climate change
(4) Scientific analysis of historic climate data and projections of future conditions, and state of the art computer models paint a stark picture of what is to come
(5) keeping average temperature to an increase in the range of 2.0℃to 2.4℃
2. V ocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) adverse(2) stark(3) inflict(4) systematically(5) triggered
(6) improvident(7) incurred(8) alternative(9) lost out on(10) settled on
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) D(5) B(6) C(7) A(8) D(9) C(10) D
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) embraced(2) sped up(3) running out(4) urgency(5) initiative
(6) specific(7) designated(8) contribute(9) incorporate(10) hampering
(11) reward(12) involved(13) adverse(14) adaptive(15) vulnerability
(16) alternative(17) context(18) due to(19) compensation(20) scheduled
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
(1) Bending under the weight of the packs, sweating, they climbed steadily in the pine forest that covered the mountainside.
(2) Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.
(3) Unemployment shot up in France during the second quarter, and the country’s top finance official said the situation will continue to aggravate even if a global economic recovery gathers pace. It was the worst quarterly unemployment in France since early 2006.
(4) As social practice continues to develop, we should keep renewing our ideas and make innovations courageously in light of practical needs.
(5) Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have increased 3 times in the past few years.
(6) The U.S. government has called on people to save water because the scarcity of water has become a source of global tension ecologically, economically and politically.
(7) In order to be a recognized leader in the industry, it’s essential for a company to improve production quality and tap the overseas market through the help of state of the art technologies and equipment.
(8) If you are thinking about coming to Britain for Christmas, it might be a good idea to think again. That’s because thousands of Christmas travelers have been stranded in the UK as adverse weather conditions caused massive disruption to the transport infrastructure.
2) Translate the following paragraphs into English.
Scientists say the warming of the planet will be gradual, but that extreme weather events will increase in frequency and intensity. They say the effects of more storms, floods, droughts and heat waves will be abrupt and profound. The World Health Organization says the effects of so called climate sensitive diseases already are killing millions of people.
Climate change is a global phenomenon. While no country will be exempt, she says its consequences will not be evenly distributed. The WHO chief says poor countries that already are struggling with huge problems will be most affected. Fragile health systems in the developing world will come under increased stress. They will have great difficulty coping with the increased burden of disease and other health problems.
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
很多权威的气候学家们都曾发出过这样的警告: 如果我们现在的温度超过工业化前2摄氏度( 3.6华氏度)的话,我们将会迈进一个危险的未知国度。

没有人能知道到底全球变暖达到多少度会变得无法控制,并且造成像干旱、洪水、飓风以及热浪等自然灾害的逐渐恶化,造成诸如格陵兰岛或西南极洲大冰原坍塌以及伴随的全球海平面上升等意外的灾难性变化。

但是我们还依然在我们唯一的家身上不断做着危险而又不受约束的尝试,这也是为什么越来越多的年轻人开始将气候变化视为他们这一代人的一项挑战。

2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (1) 双方相信,应对气候变化应该尊重发展中国家把经济和社会发展作为优先事项,并相信向
低碳经济转型是促进所有国家经济持续增长和可持续发展的机会。

(2) 中美双方决心根据各自国情采取重要减缓行动,并认识到两国在促成加强世界应对气候变化能力的可持续成果方面具有重要作用。

双方决心支持这些承诺。

(3) 在此背景下,双方致力于在哥本哈根会议达成最终的法律协议,同时相信,在共同但有区别的责任原则和各自能力的基础上,达成的成果应包括发达国家的减排目标和发展中国家的国内适当减缓行动。

(4) 基于中美两国在电动汽车领域的巨大投资,两国政府宣布在十几个城市开展联合示范项目,并努力开发共同的技术标准以推动此产业规模快速增长。

(5) 通过该伙伴关系,两国将就大规模利用风能、太阳能、先进生物燃料和现代电网制定路线,在设计和执行实现这一远景所需的政策和技术手段方面进行合作。

Text B Living a Low Carbon Lifestyle
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) perilously(2) in harmony with(3) tricky(4) nurture(5) make a difference
(6) insulated(7) deplete(8) step back(9) sustain(10) by way of
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) more efficient, kinder, fair, above all sustainable
(2) keep you comfortable, make life easier, do the things you want to do
(3) simplify the meter reading process, easy and enlightening, fun
(4) are lined and not covering radiators
(5) coming on, warm enough, you’re not heating rooms
(6) find a balance between the actions we can do, having to compromise on our quality of life
(7) for the strictly necessary amount of time, hot/warm food
(8) the curtains, the doors between rooms
(9) reducing our energy consumption, travelling more efficiently
(10) easily re used and recycled, with the lowest packaging
c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.
(1) T(2) F(3) T(4) F(5) F(6) F(7) T(8) F(9) T(10) F
Unit 2 A Harmonious Society
Text A Building a Harmonious Society
→III. Key to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
(1) C(2) A(3) B(4) B(5) C
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) leading officials;“building a harmonious society”
(2) the law; rights and interests
(3) co ordinate; the economy will develop in a sustained and fast way
(4) humanity and nature; natural resources; pollution; the quality of the environment
(5) the government; unshakable duty
2. V ocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) swiftly(2) address(3) sustainable(4) flourishing(5) manifestation
(6) cadre(7) stagnation(8) agenda(9) backdrop(10) excerpt
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) C(2) A(3) B(4) D(5) C(6) A(7) D(8) C(9) B(10) A
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) accomplish(2) improve(3) urban(4) benefits(5) prosperous
(6) signifies(7) comprehensive(8) faulty(9) accumulated(10) compulsory
(11) maintained(12) requirements(13) outbreak(14) addressed(15) unsolvable
(16) innovation(17) required(18) inadequate(19) spare(20) remarkable
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
(1) Aliens in China shall abide by Chinese law and no behaviors will endanger the national security of China , harm its public interests or disturb its public order.
(2) Love doesn’t lie in gazing at each other but in looking forward together in the same direction.
(3) When learning any foreign language, one has to learn, first and foremost, its new phonological and grammar systems, which means acquiring a totally unfamiliar set of language learning habits.
(4) Financial experts suggest that to the women under 30, the income of this phase in general is the lowest.
(5) China will increase dialogue and co operation with the United States and the international community to crack down on all forms of terrorist activities.
(6) Now it is time to make a well organized schedule from the list, so you need to put first and urgent things first and set the high priorities.
(7) In accordance with your request I am sending sample pages of the dictionary and meanwhile, your valuable suggestions on amendment are welcomed.
(8) In addition, advertisers appeal to the desire for health and prestige, to the desire to be in style, to pride, and to envy and jealousy.
2) Translate the following paragraph into English.
Adhere to the people oriented, we should take the realization of human’s comprehensive development as the goal, we should seek and promote development from people’s fundamental interests, satisfy the people’s growing material and cultural needs to guarantee the people’s economic, political and cultural rights and interests, allowthe development of results benefit all people. To adhere to the people oriented, all the theories, routes and policies should be all for the people and by the people, citizens and communities should show mutual respect, understanding, care and help each other. The people oriented concept is a denial to the concept of political achievement that seeing things but no people and the blindly pursuing of GDP. It is the foundation to establish proper view of p olitical achievement and is regarded as the “master switch” in concept changing.
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
目前,在我国人均国内生产总值突破1000美元。

一些国家和地区的发展历程表明,当一个国家的国内生产总值达到1000美元到3000美元时,这个国家的经济发展就进入了一个关键阶段。

在这个阶段,都市化程度加快,收入差距继续加大,社会矛盾变得更加复杂。

在国际范围内,不断增长的劳动力成本降低了劳动市场的竞争性。

在这个阶段,如果应对合理,经济会平稳发展;
否则,极有可能引发社会动荡,造成社会资源浪费,破坏生态环境,导致经济衰退。

建设和谐社会的目的就是协调不同部门之间的关系,确保经济快速、可持续性发展。

2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (1) 胡主席说,“当前和今后相当长一段时间内,我国经济社会发展面临的问题和矛盾可能会更复杂、更突出。

随着划经济向市场经济的转变,社会结构和意识形态领域也将会发生大的转变。

”
(2) 在谈到国际大环境时,胡主席指出建设和谐社会对中国领导人来说也同样是一项基本要求。

在国际关系中清除挑战和风险,包括不公平的世界秩序,世界政治多极化的坎坷道路,经济全球化发展带来的压力以及国际安全。

(3) 和谐社会就是全面发挥人的积极性和创造性,使改革开放发展的成果惠及全体人民,加强党同人民群众的血肉联系。

(4) 我们要充分挥法治在促进、实现、保障社会和谐方面的重要作用。

在政治、管理、立法部门要严格执行这一原则,以确保用权受监督、违法要追究的监督机制。

(5) 胡主席呼吁全体干部把建设和谐社会摆在重要位置,全心全意为人民服务,不断探索建设和谐社会的方法和理论。

Text B China: Roused by Disaster
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) crystallize(2) stifle(3) uncensored(4) cathartic(5) clutching
(6) pivotal(7) hellish(8) muzzled(9) monstrous(10) rally
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) worst natural disaster; probably killed at least; more than 5 million
(2) a more compassionate nation, lined up for hours; rushed to aid
(3) the country’s private; not known for their charity; still rising
(4) China’s self perception, the world’s perception of China
(5) lowered to half mast, in tearful silence; its epicenter
(6) its people; how to grieve; how to give
(7) private companies, making enormous sacrifices
(8) all over China ; shelter and medical treatment; causing traffic jams
(9) the relief operation, the government responded
(10) has changed, given a fleeting glimpse
c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.
(1) F(2) T(3) T(4) F(5) T(6) T(7) F(8) T(9) T(10) T
Unit 3 Culture Shock
Text A The Rotary Youth Exchange Experience:Culture Shock
→III. Key to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
(1) B(2) B(3) A(4) C(5) A
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) Usually a rather profound reaction to fairly significant other differences; in the way people view the world, in the way they think and what they value; often experience significant culture shock; experience culture shock at a superficial level
(2) Excitement and Enthusiasm, Irritability, Adaptation, and Biculturalism; from ethnocentrism to
enthnorelativism
(3) that people are adjusting when they, without thinking, are doing things which they never thought they could become comfortable with
(4) the high and low feelings that students experience as they go through the various stages of adjustment to culture shock; double negative of culture shock and homesickness
(5) scious Incompetence, Conscious Incompetence, Conscious Competence, Unconscious Competence; an effective ethnorelative
2. Vocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) Ethnocentrism(2) at the prospect of(3) well being(4) competence
(5) irritability(6) disorientation(7) incompetence(8) be confronted with
(9) frustration(10) verily
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) B(6) D(7) A(8) C(9) A(10) D
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) but(2) discomfort(3) new(4) what(5) For example
(6) because(7) how(8) unfamiliar(9) degree(10) although
(11) Usually(12) identify(13) better(14) First(15) common
(16) In addition(17) When(18) who(19) also(20) that
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences
1. Confucianism has a long history and
a profound impact on China’s politics, ideology, science, culture, art;
important part of traditional culture.
中国经济China’s economy
中国的战略China’s strategy
2. In fact, what we have done with the products over the past years and will do in the future coincide with the requirement of WTO.
not as a rationale for a new ideological and political confrontation.
4. The initial period of marriage involves more than accommodating to
the presence and habits of another person.
语义关系
寓意关系
5. Whether you’ve used the software before or not, you may already be familiar with some of its features, but the new version represents a major milestone in the progression of its development.
6. By default, when you/someone/we/he delete files on most Windows systems the files are not really deleted, they are instead moved into the Recycle Bin, so they still take up disk space.
For example, because…….he……
7. The effect of the pain killer will naturally wear off within a few hours, but its advantage is that it has few side effects.
Insect killer
Mosquito killer剂
wear off=颜色退却、容颜不再
8. Ecological civilization is the only way to global sustainable development, the best approach to saving the earth’s ecosystem, and the inevitable choice of human development.
2) Translate the following paragraph into English.
It’s my pleasure to write this column about international students at an
American business school, from the perspective of an American. Though Yale, and all other top schools, focus on granting a ‘global’ MBA experience, the style of instruction, the classroom environment, and the nuances of school culture are very much American. In speaking to my classmates who come from other countries, particularly China, it seems that three key pillars of the U.S. education experience actually come as a major culture shock: loud and often boisterous in class discussion; the reliance on teamwork to complete tasks; and the unofficial importance of socializing to build a network within the class. For someone who has grown up in the Americanschool system, conforming to these three attributes happens almost subconsciously, and
thinking that others may find them surprising or difficult to tackle reveals the unintended limits of my own world view.
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
尽管每个学生的经历是不同的,但大多数参加一年期项目的交换生经历着几乎相同的适应文化冲击的过程。

必须指出的是,虽然文化冲击会令人感到不舒服,但这并不代表着它本身有什么错,也不代表着经受其中的人有什么错。

相当普遍的情况是: 学生们在适应文化冲击的过程中,新的问题层出不穷,但这对他们而言也是一种有价值的经历。

许多人会说,只有当经历了深层次的文化冲击,才是最有价值的交换。

2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
(1) 从问候到饮食,稍不留神就会出差错,不仅让自己难堪,还有可能冒犯东道主。

(2) 在地中海国家,如果你和别人交谈时没有碰对方的手臂,或见面问候时没和对方亲吻拥抱,别人会认为你不热情。

在韩国,如果你从后面拍不是家庭成员或者好朋友的人,你会让对方感到不舒服。

(3) 到伦敦人家里参加宴会时脱掉鞋子,女主人会认为你不文明,但去亚洲、夏威夷或太平洋群岛的居民家中不脱鞋却被认为失礼。

(4) 许多文化依然推崇传统的进食方式——用手吃。

在这种情况下,食物往往是众人一起分享的,因此饭前洗手很重要,而且要遵守用右手吃东西的习俗,左手往往有其他用途。

(5) 你是左撇子吗？还是努力让自己的双手都灵巧吧——在这些文化里,即使是左撇子的孩子也被教会用右手吃饭——或者至少吃饭前向同伴解释一下。

Text B Understanding Interpersonal Relationships in the Chinese Context
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) transgression(2) wicket(3) disconcerting(4) infringement(5) avid
(6) episode(7) ubiquitous(8) substantiate(9) intelligible(10) prerequisite
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) will differ; as universal as
(2) sprouting a few whiskers
(3) than it does for Canadians
(4) was accustomed to
(5) a transgressor
(6) of birth; periods of time
(7) economic freedom; in perception; connotes
(8) be matters; compose a list
(9) desertification; rising ocean levels; put great strain on
(10) less challenging; opting for; deprive ourselves of
c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.
(1) T(2) F(3) T(4) T(5) F(6) F(7) F(8) T(9) T(10) T
Unit 4 Artificial Intelligence
Text A The Future of Artificial Intelligence
→III. Keys to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) C(5) A
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) clean our floors, mow our lawns and, in general, eliminate drudgery from our lives
(2) the computer based artificial brain is still well below the level of sophistication needed to build a humanlike robot
(3) the same kind of perception, cognition and thought as humans
(4) generate positive and negative reinforcement signals in predefined circumstances
(5) become quite formidable and will outperform human beings in any conceivable area of endeavor, intellectual or physical
2. V ocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) attest(2) disoriented(3) elusive(4) negate(5) progeny
(6) outstrip(7) versatile(8) meld(9) contingency(10) mainstay
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) A(2) D(3) B(4) A(5) D(6) C(7) D(8) D(9) B(10) B
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) cover(2) battlefield(3) deployed(4) initiating(5) aerial
(6) problematic(7) arise(8) mindful(9) vital(10) goes
(11) robotics(12) provided(13) collection(14) ethical(15) endowed
(16) traits(17) expression(18) dumb(19) guidelines(20) stupid
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
(1) It often happens, however, that thinking lags behind reality; this is because man’s cognition is limited by numerous social conditions.
(2) Something big was in the offing, so big that the workers at the Simonson plant had been virtually placed under arrest to prevent any information from leaking out.
(3) Only by understanding the nature of thinking mode, can man bring forth new ideas in philosophy, and the crux of philosophical innovation lies in the change of man’s thinking mode. (4) From then on, he struggled in his attempts to overcome his humble origins and insinuate himself into upper class society.
(5) It’s a far cry from the days when I was just a clerk in a supermarket and nobody paid me any attention.
(6) The invention of microprocessors set the stage for the arrival of the microcomputer, or personal computer—an affordable machine for the masses.
(7) So there’s no such thing as an enemy in absolute terms. The enemies we fight are only in relative terms, constantly changing with the times.
(8) Taiwan , viewed from the historical facts and the international law, is beyond dispute one part of Chinese sacred territory and it is an inviolable mission of the entire Chinese people to reunify the motherland.
2) Translate the following paragraph into English.
Sales of professional and personal service robots worldwide were estimated to have reached about 5.5 million this year—and are expected to more than double to 11.5 million by 2011—yet there is little or no control over how these machines are used. Some help busy professionals entertain children; other machines feed and bathe the elderly and incapacitated. “We need to look at guidelines for a cut off so we have a limit to the contact with robots”one expert said. “Some robots designed to look after children with them for hours, or even days. At the other end of the age spectrum to child care, the relative increase in many countries in the population of the elderly relative to available younger care givers has spurred the development of elder care robots.”
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
计算的能力当然与生存无关,然而随着语言改变了人类的文化,至少是我们大脑的一小部分已进化成了一种勉强可以称为通用机器的东西。

这个机器的一个特点就是它能服从一系列随意的指令,而这些指令可以通过语言进行传递并得以执行。

但是由于我们把数字看成是复杂的东西,将它们写下来并用以完成其它类似的功能,所以我们处理数字的方式显得非常笨拙,并且效率不高。

我们用上百亿个神经细胞花好几分钟进行的运算通过上百个计算机,尤其是那些经过重新设置用于计算的计算机,可以在几毫秒就完成。

2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (1) 但它们并不是用高出一筹的逻辑和力量统治人类,而是有可能导致一个与他人完全隔绝的底层人群的产生。

(2) 机器人正被引入潜在的敏感情境中,这可能导致(被服务者)与世隔绝的状态,因为人们在给机器人设定指令后,往往很长时间不再问津。

(3) 许多机器人被设计成玩具,但它们也能扮演照看孩子的角色: 监督孩子的一举一动,通过无线电脑连接或移动电话与另一个房间甚至另一座建筑物内的家长联络。

(4) 但是由于机器人保姆能在身体上保护孩子的安全,可能会造成孩子一天数小时或者几天都不与人接触,同时不同程度的与社会隔绝对孩子成长可能造成的心理影响目前还不清楚。

(5) 护理老年人的机器人能帮助老年人在自己家中自理,但它们的存在可能会使老年人完全处于机器人照顾之下,从而面临缺乏足够的与人交流机会的危险。

Text B Revenge of the Nerds
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) in full swing(2) awestruck(3) imminent(4) daunting(5) affable
(6) relish(7) omniscience(8) outlandish(9) alien(10) harness
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) the Silicon Valley dollar
(2) the transformative moment
(3) “the world’s first cyborg”
(4) current singularitarian in chief, inventor Ray Kurzweil
(5) genetics, nanotechnology and robotics
(6) The sense of imminence and immediacy
(7) not just language but complex abstractions
(8) anything being dangerous or sentient
(9) people were scared of these machines
(10) cryonic suspension
c. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.
(1) T(2) F(3) T(4) F(5) F(6) F(7) T(8) T(9) T(10) F
Unit 5 Success and Happiness
Text A The Assessor of Success (adapted)
→III. Keys to the Exercises
1. Reading Comprehension
a. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.
(1) A(2) C(3) C(4) B(5) C
b. Fill in the blanks with the information you’ve learned in the text.
(1) arrange benches in all parks that are low enough for women to sit upon, and rest their feet upon the ground
(2) hung for ten minutes above a roulette wheel gambling and only 40 cents left in his pocket at last
(3) only gave 15 cents to the druggist, put the rest 85 cents in his own pocket and the child went home happily with the sticky candy in hand, never knowing being cheated
(4) greenhorns, could be easily cheated
(5) one of his female schoolmates, was quite innocent and pure compared to the now Morley
2. V ocabulary
a. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.
(1) swindle(2) stolid(3) errand(4) solitary(5) saunter
(6) pompous(7) cynical(8) purport(9) accrue(10) predatory
b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.
(1) A(2) B(3) C(4) B(5)A(6) A(7) D(8) C(9) B(10) D
3. Cloze
Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each one can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.
(1) unearth(2) observers(3) avoided(4) dodged(5) fascinated
(6) imprisonment(7) accomplished(8) convicted(9) headquarters(10) twist
(11) optimistic(12) deal(13) narration(14) catching(15) roaming
(16) turn(17) inimitable(18) resides(19) complex(20) painstakingly
4. Translation
a. Chinese to English
1) Translate the following sentences into English.
(1) People’s money must be spent to advance thei r priorities, not to line pockets of contractors or to maintain projects that don’t work.
(2) Zurich residents, more than anyone in the world, earn $22. 60 per hour in average net pay, according to the Prices and Earnings report recently released by UBS.
(3) Though she isn’t British by birth, she’s British citizen by virtue of her marriage to an Englishman.
(4) Despite the blood gushing out from the wound, the heroic soldier succeeded in getting the mother and the son out of the bus which might explode at that moment.
(5) He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill fitting suit, never moving, his dusty face veiling his age.
(6) While most bars and restaurants have addresses, Beirut is a maze of twisting side streets, many of them unmarked.
(7) Behind the carriage came a motley string of figures—street Arabs, beggars, clowns turning somersaults and street vendors hawking their wares.
(8) But at my back I always hear time’s winged chariot hurrying near; and yonder, all before us lie deserts of vast eternity.
2) Translate the following paragraph into English.
Edison understood a great principle of living almost any situation—good or bad—is affected by the attitude we bring to it. Tough minded optimists approach problems with a can do philosophy and emerge stronger form tragedies. Indeed, recent studies suggest that upbeat people earn more money, do better in school, are healthier and perhaps even live longer than pessimists. In his book Man’s Search for Meaning, Dr. Viktor Franklrecalled even in that extreme situation there were “men who walked through the huts comforting others, giving away their last piece of bread. They may have been few in number, but they offer proof that everything can be taken from
a man but one thing: the freedom to choose his attitude in any given set of circumstances.”
b. English to Chinese
1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
黑斯廷斯•比彻姆•莫利衣着讲究、整洁体面,那全倚赖于他的出身与教养。

既然我们只能看到他衬衣前襟的衣浆,不好再探头深究里面包裹的胸膛,那就还是谈论一下他这一路上的活动和他与别人的对话来试图了解他吧。

莫利兜里一分钱也没有;可他仍冲着那百余个肮脏的可怜人怜悯地微笑。

他们一个子儿不比他多;就算太阳的第一道光芒映红了广场西边那座高高的裁纸大楼,他们还是不名一文。

不过到那时莫利就有钱了。

太阳下山时他口袋空空;但太阳升起时他将是钵满盆盈。

2) Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (1) 在过去的六年里,我通过讨论会、讲习班和个别指导的形式培训指导企业家,从中总结出有助于人们获得他们应该获得的成功的一些主要原则。

(2) 学会宽恕、既往不咎是基本的原则。

很多人将他们的过去拖入他们现在的生活中,致使他们对未来不能有一个明朗的预期。

(3) 成功是一个过程,不是一次付清的报偿。

你可以在成功之旅的入口交上十元钱,但你很快就会发现根本没有什么捷径可走。

你永远不可能完全掌控自己生活中的每一个细节。

(4) 所谓“行动计划”,我所说的是将你的目标落实到纸上,让它们看得见,变得触手可及,如此来监控你的工作进展。

另外,你也必须要非常精确清晰地确立自己成功之旅的目标。

(5) 当你坚持不懈地采取行动、既往不咎、对自己有信心,并不断加强自我的内在审视时,你就行进在了通向成功的路途中。

T ext B Why We’re Happy
Key to the Exercises
a. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
(1) chanced upon(2) over the long haul(3) conducive(4) scoff(5) chronic
(6) endow(7) hover(8) pundit(9) secular(10) grill
b. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
(1) its citizens can best pursue happiness
(2) life, liberty and happiness。