优质小升初专项系列第六讲——代词(学生版)

2. 指示代词
指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。

（1）one，ones，that，those, it的区别及用法
one表示“泛指”，指代同类中的一个
ones表示“泛指”，指代代同类中几个
the one表示“特指”指代同类中的一个
that指代不可数名词或有后置定语的可数名词单数
those指代有后置定语的可数名词复数
it指代前面提到的同一物
（2）such和same的用法。

①such指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语和定语。

例如，a. Such was the story.
b.We have never seen such a tall building.
②same指“同样的”人或事，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，same的前面要用定冠词the.
The same can be said of the other article. 另一篇文章也是同样的情况。

（主语）
Whether he can do it or not,it is all the same to me.（表语）
3. 疑问代词
疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语。

1、who/what
①询问姓名或关系。

——Who is he? ——He is my brother. /He is Henry.
询问职业或地位。

——What is he？——He is a lawyer/teacher.
②What/who 作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。

例如，a. What is /are on the table?
b. Who is/are in the library?
2、which与who、what：which表示在一定范围内，而who、what则无此限制。

例如，Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘？
What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？
3、疑问代词还可引导名词性从句（被称为连接代词）：
例如：I can't make out what he is driving at.我不知道他用意何在。

Can you tell me whose the blue shirt on the bed is?你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗？
【难点】
4. 连接代词和关系代词：
(1) 连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有who、whom、whose、what、which以及它们与
ever合成的代词whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever等。

它们用来引导主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句，即连接复合句中的主句和从句，并在从句中担任一定的句子成分。

例如，a. Do you know who has won the game?
b. I don't know whom you should depend on?
c. This book will show you what the best CEO should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的
CEO的应该了解什么。

(2) 关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词，它们包括who、whom、whose、which、that等。

例如，No one is happy with the fact that he found out.
【例题8】1. The sports car was beautiful, but many people liked _______ beside it.
A. one
B. the one
C. it
D. that
【例题9】—There is enough food for the birds, isn't _________?
—No. We need to get some．
A. it
B. there
C. that
D. this
【例题10】There are so many interesting books in the bookstore that I can’t decide ______ to buy.
A. what
B. which
C. how
D. where
【例题11】The teacher gave the textbooks to all the students except ______ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
【例题12】I can’t find the pen I was given. Have you seen __________?
A. it
B. one
C. this
D. that
【例题13】Do you know ________ this dictionary belongs to?
--Let me see. Oh, it’s __________.
A. who does, mine
B. who, me
C. whose, mine
D. who, mine
【例题14】They two helped _____ and won in the end.
A. both
B. each other
C. one another
D. him
【知识点三】不定代词
不定代词主要有：all、each、every、both、either、neither、one、none、little、few、many、much、other、another、some、any、no，以及由some、any、no和every构成的合成代词。

不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质，并有可数和不可数之分，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等（every、no只能作定语）。

1．some与any
1）一般用法：some、any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连有。

some一般用于肯定句，any 多用于疑问、否定或条件句。

例如，a. He has some Chinese paintings.(定语)
b. Some like sports, others like musi
c.(主语)
c. Ask me if you have any questions.(定语)
d. I don’t know any of the stud ents.（宾语）
2) 特殊用法：
（1）any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。

例如，a. Any child can do that.（定语）
b. You may take any of them.（宾语）
（2）some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。

例如，Smith went to some place in England.（定语）
（3）在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。

例如，a. Would you like some bananas?（邀请）
b. Mum,could you give me some money?(请求)
2. one
one作定语、表语、主语或宾语，可以指人或物，表示“一个”的意思，其复数为ones,指
人时，其所有格是one’s，反身代词是oneself。

此外，one、ones可以代替上文提到过的词，
以免重复，one、ones前面分别可以用this、that、these、those或the、which等词修饰。

例如，a. One should try one’s best to serve the people.(主语、定语)
b.This is not the one I want.(表语)
c.These books are more interesting than those ones.
3. many和much
b. Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。

②both不能放在the、these、those、my等之后，而应放在它们的前面。

例如：a. Both my parents like this film.
b. Both the /these boys are tall.
(3) all用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语，指“全部的”、“整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用，除少数情况外，一般不与单数可数名词连用，与复数名词连用时，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。

例如，a. He gave me all the money.他把全部的钱给了我。

b. All the schools are flooded.所有的学校都被淹了。

c. I told him all about it. 我把一切都告诉了他。

d. That’s all for today.今天就在这儿。

注意：(1) either也作副词，其意为“也”，用于否定句的句末。

例如，He doesn’like tea, and I don’t either.（状语）
(2) either与or构成连词，意为“不是…就是…”或“要么…要么…”。

例如，He is either Japanese or Chinese.
(3) neither用作副词，意为“也不”，即“not…either”。

例如，He can’t do it, neither can I.
(4) neither可与nor构成连词，意为“既不……也不”。

例如，Neither he nor you are a student.
7. other，the other，another．others, the others，the rest的用法及区别
another+[C]单数表“另一个”泛指
other+[C]复数表“其他的”泛指
the other+[C]复数表“其他的”特指
others=other+[C]复数表“别的一些人或物”泛指
the others=the other+[C]复数表“别的一些人或物”特指
the rest=the other+[C]复数/[U]=the others表示“剩余部分；其余”特指
(1) 注意：another修饰或代替单数可数名词，意为“（三个或三个以上的）另一个”，不能指两者
中的另一个，在句中可作宾语和定语。

例如，a. This coat is too dark. Please show me another.(宾语)
3.We won the game. We are proud of .
A.we
B. us
C. our
D. ourselves
4.Kate lost her keys and called for help.
A.I
B. me
C. my
D. mine
5.This is book. But where is mine?
A.him
B. his
C. he
D. himself
6.I have a dog. color is white.
A.it
B. its
C. itself
D. it’s
7.I don’t like the color of the dress. Please show me one.
A.another
B. other
C. one
D. that
8.There is wrong with him. He just needs a good rest.
A.something
B. nothing
C. everything
D. anything
9.Someone left his wallet on the table. wallet is this?
A.Who
B.Whose
C. Which
D. What
10.film do you like more,”The dark of the moon” or “Pirates of the Caribbean”?
A.Whose
B. Who
C. What
D. Which
阅读B
choose the best answer.根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案
When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点). Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I was not a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to bear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very 1. . I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, and then he asked. "Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn't you ever wonder what you're really like? Well, you now have that girl's 2. . Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said."
I did as he told me 3. , I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn't change (like being very thin), but a good number I could--and 4. I wanted to change. For the first time I went to a fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He 5. to take it. "That's just for you," he said. "You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feel hurt. When something said about you is true, you'll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don't 6. your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the
right thing to do."
Daddy's advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I've never had a better piece of advice.
1.A.afraid B.tired C.angry D.proud
2.A.ambition B.opinion C.joke D.suggestion
3.A.For the time being B.What’s more C.In a hurry D.To my surprise
4.A.slowly B.hardly C.suddenly D.mainly
5.A.refused B.agreed C.wanted D.hated
6..A.hurt B.shut C.change D.touch
阅读D
Answer the questions. 根据短文内容回答下列问题
Cats
Humans have kept cats as pets for over 9,500 years. Cats were kept to control mice and rats. Today, most cat s are kept as pets to company people because they are clean, do not require too much attention, and do not eat too much. Cats are perhaps the most popular type of pets in the world, with about 600 million of them in homes across the world.
Cats use a wide variety of body language and several types of sounds to communicate. The basic way that a cat communicate is that it purrs（咕噜咕噜叫）when it is happy. Cats keep their energy by sleeping more hours than most other animals, with an average of about 14 hours. Cats can fall asleep lightly for a very short period of time. Thus, “taking a cat nap” is used to describe a person who nods off for a few minutes.
Some people love cats as pets, and others dislike them because of an allergic（过敏的）reaction to cats or because of a fear of infection（传染）from a cat bite or scratch（抓）. It is said that whether or not you like cats can say a lot about your personality.
1.Why do many people keep cats as pets nowadays? Please list two reasons.
2.The writer isn’t sure cats are more popular than any other animals in the world, is he?
3. How does a cat show its happiness?
6. We use a knife___________
A. for cut things
B. cut things
C. to cut things
D. to cutting things
7. Oceans are very important___________all the living things in the 'oceans.
A. to
B. for
C. of
D. in
8. Don’t watch too TV programmes. They are bad for your eyes.
A. much
B. often
C. long
D. many
9. Shanghai will be more beautiful
A. ten years before
B. after two years
C. in two year’s time
D. in two years
10. Many students like on the sea.
A. go windsurfing
B. to go windsurf
C. going windsurfing
D. going windsurf
11. If it rainy, we to the park.
A. doesn’t, will go
B. isn’t, will go
C. does, won’t go
D. is, will go
12. People can get a lot of useful things ___________ the oceans and seas.
A. from
B. to
C. on
D. off
13. The typhoon blew ___________ and killed many people in the small village.
A. tightly
B. lightly
C. fiercely
D. slightly
14. When they saw dark clouds quickly in the sky, they ran back home immediately.
A. moving
B. moved
C. are moving
D. were moving
15. A: Would you like some rice dumplings ?
B: ___________.I am full.
A. Yes, please
B. No, thanks
C. OK
D. Yes, I would
III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（5分）
1. use nets to catch fish and prawns. (fish)
2. He failed in the exam because he wrote . （care）
3. Trees down when the typhoon came yesterday. (fall)
4. In the forest, I saw a very beautiful ___________ house.（wood）
5. Tom is___________at English than maths. (good)
IV. Rewrite the sentences as required (10分)
1. Amy practices swimming twice a week in summer.（划线部分提问）
___________ ___________ does Amy practice swimming in summer?
2. This is a woollen scarf.（保持原句意思）
This scarf is ___________ of ___________.
3. Tom never read English in the morning, .（反义疑问句）
4. We have already bought everything for the party.（改为一般问句）
________ you bought everything for the party ________?
5. The wind blows gentler in Shanghai in spring. (划线部分提问)
___________ ___________the wind blow in Shanghai in spring?
Part 3 Reading and Writing
VIII. Reading comprehension.
A. Choose the best answer. （10分）
Both parents and students have problems in their lives. Here is a survey about the main problems of students.
Firstly, they aren't happy because they have too much homework at school and at home. They have lots of exams. Se condly, parents usually send them to different classes at weekends. They don't have much free time. Thirdly, more and more students are getting short-sighted (近视) because they often read in bed or keep reading for a long time without a rest. Some students play too many computer games. Some spend too much time watching TV. The fourth problem is that many students are becoming fat. They eat too much junk food, but they do little exercise.
I think students should have better ways in study and life. They should make plans for study and have enough time for activities.
Choose the best answer to the questions.
1. How many problems does the passage talk about in the survey?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
2. Students aren't happy because
A. they have no time to read.
A. another
B. problem
C. waiting for
D. other
E. long
F. be careful
town. Then he had to walk there. The road to the village was not smooth. He fell over several times and it made his clothes dirty. At last , he got to the village. Suddenly it began to blow and it got colder. He was looking for the school while his hat was blown off. He began to run after it, 4 he could not get it. He could not understand why his hat ran into a house as if it had 5 . And he ran into the house, too .
A woman stopped him and shouted angrily, “ 6 are you running after my hen?”
( )1．A．ears B．nose C．mouth D．eyes
( )2．A．follows B．takes C．brings D．carries
( )3．A．took off B．got off C．got on D．came on
( )4．A．however B or C．but D．although
( )5．A．1egs B．hands C．shoes D．arms
( )6．A．What B．Why C．Which D．Who
D) Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) (12分)
Although the importance of New York has not changed, the city is a___1____ changing.
People in New York love the city despite (不管）noise, the crowed, and the terrible taxi drivers. It is the one and only with Fifth Avenue, Time Square, Wall Street,the Empire State Building, and the Statue of Liberty.
New York city is often c___2____ the Big Apple.Why？Well, there are several apple trees in the city. But that’s not the r___3_____.
In the early 1920s, there were many racing courses in and around New York City.The apple was used to mean the prize for the races. Then a writer for a New York n___4_____ used “around the Big Apple” as a name for the races.
In the l__5___ 1920s and early 1930s, New York City’s artists began using the name “Big Apple’, too. A saying at that time was “ there are many apple trees in the trees, but only one Big Apple”. The name then became more popular.
In 1971, the New York City government began to use “Big Apple” in order to increase tourism. They used red apples to attract v___6_____ because they believed red apples would serve as a bright and cheerful image of the city. Since then, New York City has officially been the Big Apple.
E)Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答下列问题)：(11分)
Steve Jobs was one of the fathers of the personal computing time and the founder of Apple. He was also one of the giants of the informat ion age. Here are some of his greatest contributions.
Apple II
Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple Computers Inc. in 1976. A year later, the Apple II was invented. This production was the world’s first mass-market personal computer.
The iMac
Under Job’s leadership, Apple introduced the all-in-line iMac computer in 1998. the iMac became the first machine, which offered only a CD-ROM slot.
The iPad
By 2010, Steve Jobs was confident. The world was ready to have a tablet computer that would be great for watching movies and playing games.The touch-sensitive iPad is a great success.
iPhone 4s
iPhone 4s came out on October 4, 2011, in America. It looks like iPhone 4. It has a larger and wider screen and a slimmer yet wider case. It has a better camera and faster data transfer speeds.
1.Steve Jobs wasn’t one of the giants of the information age, was he?(2分)
_______________________________________________________________
2.What are his greatest contributions mentioned in the passage?（2分）
________________________________________________________________
3Did Steve Jobs found Apple Computers Inc. in 1976 alone?（2分）
________________________________________________________________
4.When was Steve Jobs ready to produce a tablet computer? （2分）
________________________________________________________________
5.Which product mentioned in the passage do you like best?Why?（3分）
_________________________________________________________________
VII . Write a passage of at least 50 words about the topic “My future job”.根据所给题目，写不少于50个词的短文，标点符号不占格。

）（10分）
（注意；短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及相关信息，否则不予给分）
The following points are for your reference;。