高中英语 重难点讲义+巩固练习题秋季班.第02讲.学生版

一、词汇和短语
Unit 13
Learning to learn assessment
self-assessment strength weakness
gain appropriately passive
phrase concentrate previous positive associate
mental
lawyer
senior
senior high physicist
Unit 13
Warm-up
beard
blond sunglasses uniform moustache
heel
sleeve
facial expression connection
chain
Lesson 1
aircraft emergency
pray
gifted accurately
kindness
requirement
airline
aboard
damp
assistant
independence
poet
translator
Lesson 3
tutor
tear
cheek
hug
upset
fault
thunder
wool
pine
seed
squirrel
sparrow
bleed
broken
relief
shelter
scholar
bench
housewife
postcode
astronomy
Lesson 4
allergic
anxiety
revision
oral
straw
必修一第十三单元（二）
同步复习
draw up description academic
predict deserve failure mistaken association thus possibility disability entirely hers
theirs Easter embassy accuse lightning Lesson 2 personality clerk conductor butcher athletic independent neat
selfish sharp characteristic desire satisfaction harvest biology pineapple peach glare
section
literary
glance
steam
confirm
librarian
file
sigh
grateful
guilty
can't help doing sth alike
shorting
account
button
parrot
cage
munication Workshop
judge
part-time
claw
yoghurt
honey
chew
satellite
wrinkle forehead
block
lap
devote
salty
carrot
pea
panion
devotion
Step1: 过去分词的用法
过去分词两个显著的特点即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。

如fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人。

过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示"被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。

选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用现在分词;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。

过去分词用法总结如下：
一、表语:
1．The cup is broken.
2．The door remains locked.
3．She looked disappointed.
二、定语：要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。

1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 单个过去分词作定语)
2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 过去分词短语作定语)
3. Is there anything unsolved?
There is nothing changed here since I left this town.
(如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面)
4. This is a state-owned factory.
This is a newly built building.
Advertising is a highly developed industry.
(单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语)
三、宾语补足语：可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有：
1）see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词
He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.
He once heard the song sung in German.
Every thought the match lost.
2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词：
He’s going to have his hair cut.
She had her foot injured in the fall.
When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood.
Please keep us informed of the latest developments.
( 请让我们了解最新的发展情况。

)
四、状语：
The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.
Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
语法演练：
一、考查过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等。

有时过去分词前也可加上连词when, while, if, unless, though等。

过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子中的主语,表示被动或完成意义。

例如:
1. ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Being founded
B. It was founded
C. Founded
D. Founding
2. ________ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Given
3.Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
4.Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A when taking
B when taken
C when to take
D when to be taken
二、考查过去分词作定语
过去分词作定语,其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词或代词,表示一个被动或完成的动作,相当于一个被动的定语从句。

1. Prices of daily goods ________ through a puter can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. been bought
D. buying
2. The Olympic Games, ________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played
D. to be first playing
三、考查过去分词作补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语时,逻辑主语是其前面的宾语,表示一个被动或完成的动作。

例如:
The murderer was brought in, with his hands ________ behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
四、考查过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语,其主语通常是人,表示主语所处的状态或表示主语对某事的感觉,意思是"(某人)......的";而现在分词作表语时,其主语通常是物,表示主语的特征,意思是“令人......的”。

常用作表语的过去分词有: interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。

例如:
As we joined the big crowd, I got ________ from my friends.
A. separated
B. spared
C. lost
D. missed
另外,有些以过去分词形式出现的词,其词性和意思都已发生了变化,须引起注意。

例如:
________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given
非谓语动词练习：
一．单项选择
1. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself________.
A. understand
B. to understand
C. understanding
D. understood
2. The workers want us________ together with them.
A. work
B. working
C. to work
D. worked
3. What's the language________ in Germany?
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. be spoken
D. to speak
4. ________some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed
B. Followed by
C. Being followed
D. Having been followed by
5. Most of the people________ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. inviting
6. He was disappointed to find his suggestions________.
A. been turned down
B. turned down
C. to be turned down
D. to turn down
7. Do you know the boy________ under the big tree?
A. lay
B. lain
C. laying
D. lying
8. -Good morning. Can I help you?
-I'd like to have this package________, madam.
A. be weighed
B. to be weighed
C. to weigh
D. weighed
9. There was a terrible noise________ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
10. ________more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given
11. The secretary worked late into the night, ________a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. prepared
D. was preparing
12. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night.
A. to burn
B. burn
C. burning
D. burned
13. Generally speaking,________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
14. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________the girl and took her away,________ into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared
B.seized; disappeared
C. seizing; disappearing
D. seized; disappearing
15. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________ as the plane was making a landing.
A. seat
B. seating
C. seated
D. to be seating
17. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ________.
A. exhausting
B. exhausted
C. being exhausted
D. having exhausted
18. The________ boy was last seen________ near the East Lake.
A. missing; playing
B. missing; play
C. missed; played
D. missed; to play
19. The patient was warned________ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not
B. eating not
C. not to eat
D. not eating
20. While building a tunnel through the mountain,________.
A. an underground lake was discovered
B. there was an underground lake discovered
C. a lake was discovered underground
D. the workers discovered an underground lake
二．翻译下面的句子，注意过去分词的使用。

1. 我很喜欢这些在动物园拍的照片。

2. 下个世纪我们将只有立足之地。

3. 由于受到榜样的鼓舞，他们干得更加起劲了。

4. 一旦开始，没有什么事情可以改变它。

5. 一般说来，按照说明书服用这种药，它是没有副作用的。

6. 假以时日他会成为一流的运动员。

7. 昨天他家遭了大火。

8. 考虑到他的健康状况，他需要在床上休息一个月。

Step2 情态动词表猜测
在英语情态动词中，常用下列词表示猜测：
can , could , must , may , might ,can’t , couldn’t, should
1. 在肯定句中表示猜测，意思为“想必一定是”常用must , may , might . 语气的肯定程度渐弱。

—Where is Mary ?
—She must / may / might be in the library .
The story she told me must / may / might be true . （对目前动作或状态的猜测）
He must / may / might be waiting for us at the gate .(对正在发生的事情的猜测)
It must / may / might have rained last night . (对过去发生的事情的猜测)
2. 在肯定句中用can / could 表示理论上或逻辑上的可能，或客观存在的可能。

Everyone can make a mistake .每个人都有可能犯错误。

What he said in his letter can have hurt her . 他信中的话可能伤了她的感情。

3. 在肯定句中用should 表示根据事物内在发展的规律、事情发展的必然性得出的结论。

“应该，理
当”
It is nearly seven o’clock . Jack should be here at any time .
4. 在否定句和疑问句中用can’t / couldn’t 表示否定的猜测。

例如：
The girl is honest. She can’t tell lies .这个女孩很诚实，她不可能说谎。

（对现在发生的事情的猜测）Can he have left yesterday ? 昨天他离开了吗？（对过去事情的猜测）
—Can it be true?是真的吗？
—It can’t be true .不，不可能是真的。

You can’t have seen him in the party last night .I know he has gone to Americ a .
昨晚你不可能在晚会上见到他因为我知道他去了美国。

注意must / may / might 的否定形式的意思是“可能不”，不能表示否定的猜测。

比较：
He can’t be studying in the classroom now . 他现在不可能在教室里学习。

He may not be studying in the classroom now . 他现在可能不在教室里学习。

我们可以将情态动词的猜测用法用表格进行归纳：
结构时
间句式现在动作现在状态正在进行的
动作
过去的动作
肯定句can/must/may
/might/should
+do
can/must/may/
might/should
+be+表语
can/must/may/
might/should
＋be doing
can/must/may/might/
should+ have done
否定句can’t/couldn’t
+do can’t/couldn’t
+be+表语
can’t/couldn’t
+be doing
can’t/couldn’t
+have done
疑问句Can / Could
+do Can / Could
+be +表语
Can / Could
+be doing
Can / Could
+have done
练习：
一．Rewrite the sentences using modal verbs and suitable verb forms.
1. I am sure she is relaxing in her room.
She________________ in her room.
2. Perhaps the plane arrived late, and that is why they are not here.
The plane________________ late, and that is why they are not here.
3. I don not believe you failed the exam.
You _________________ the exam.
4. It is possible that Sam doesn’t like classical music.
Sam________________ classical music.
5. I am sure John is not forty-five yet.
John ___________ forty-five yet.
6. It is possible that he is living in Paris now. He ___________________ in Paris now.
7. Maybe they lied to me about their adventure.
They______________ to me about their adventure. 8. It is quite probable that Bill did not win the petition. Bill___________________ the petition. 二．Choose
1. —When can I e for the photos? I need them tomorrow. —They ____ be ready by 4:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need
2. My dictionary has disappeared . Who ___have taken it ? A. should B. must C. could D. would
3. Jack ____be a policeman, for he is too short . A. need n’t B. can’t C. should D. may
4. —I heard that they went into the mountains yesterday .
—I ____true because they must attend an important meeting today . A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be 5. My sister met him at the station yesterday morning , so he ____your lecture .. A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended 6. I have lost one of my gloves . I ___ it somewhere. A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.
' One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. 'Whatever are you doing up here Bill ?' asked the vicar in surprise.
' I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill.' I've been ing up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'
'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. 'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'
'That's the trouble, vicar,' answered Bill. 'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it.'
'We'll get used to that Bill,' said the vicar. 'Thirteen is not as good as one but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'
我们教区的牧师总是为各种各样的事筹集资金。

但始终未能筹足资金把教堂的钟修好。

教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜打点报时，但很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。

新概念三第2课
一天夜里，我们的牧师突然被惊醒了，大钟又在“打点”报时了！他一看表，才1点钟，可是那钟一边敲了13下才停。

牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。

借着电筒光。

他看见一个人，马上认出那是本地杂货店主经比尔.威尔金斯。

“你究竟在这上面干什么，比尔？”牧师惊讶地问。

“我想把这口钟修好，”比尔回答说。

“好几个星期了，我天天夜里到钟楼上来。

嗯，我是想让你大吃一惊。

”
“你确实使我大吃了一惊！”牧师说，“也许同时你把村里所有的人都吵醒了。

不过，钟又能报时了，我还是很高兴的。

”
“问题就在这里，牧师，”比尔回答说。

“不错，钟能报时了，但是，恐怕每到1点钟，它总要敲13下，对此我已无能为力了。

”
“大家慢慢就习惯了，比尔，”牧师说。

“13下是不如1下好，但总比1下也不敲强。

来，咱们下楼去喝杯茶吧。

”
New words and expression生词和短语
equal v.等于
A等于B à A equals B
Equal vt.与...相匹敌
-- None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
be equal to +名词（equal adj.不相上下的）
-- Mary is quite equal to John in brains.（n.智力,脑髓）
玛丽可以和约翰在脑力上相匹敌。

be equal to doing：有能力,有力量来做某事（to是介词）
-- I am equal to running the pany.
vicar n.牧师
raise v.募集，筹（款）-- raise money募集资金
提高-- raise the price提高物价
饲养、供养-- raise a horse饲养一匹马
种植-- raise wheat种植小麦
召集、招募-- raise an army招募一支军队（army n.陆军,军队）
提出、发出-- raise a cheer发出欢呼声（cheer n.愉快,欢呼）
torchlight n.电筒光torch n.手电筒
cause n.事情
church n.教堂
figure n.外形,轮廓,体形
grocer n.食品商人,杂货商人
bell n.钟,铃,钟声,钟形之物
tower n.塔,城堡
Text课文
Was the vicar pleased that the clock was striking? Why?
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.
现在进行时和always等频度副词搭配时：表示说话人带有某种的情感色彩
Tom is always doing homework.汤姆总是做家庭作业，怎么也做不完。

Tom always does his homework.汤姆总是做家庭作业，不拖欠作业。

He is always making noises.他总是吵吵闹闹，真烦人。

one or another：表示这样或那样
-- for one reason or another 处于这样或那样的原因
-- at one time or another 在这样或那样的时间
-- in one way or another 用这样或那样的方法
get enough money to do sth 募集足够的资金做某事
-- I have to get enough money to have my house repaired.
have something done
1>找某人来做某事
-- have the church clock repaired
-- have the plane repaired / -- have hair cut
2>某人所遭受到的意外某种情况（主语必须是发出动作的人）
-- His wallet was stolen. à He had his wallet stolen.
The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.
used to：过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了。

-- He used to smoke every day.
One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours!
However --在口语中,主要用于句首；在作文中,最好用在句中、句尾。

要用逗分隔开来
-- He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.
He said that it was so, however, he was mistaken.
他说这件事就是如此，然而他弄错了。

-- I know his story, however, I wouldn't like to tell you.
I know his story, I, however, wouldn't like to tell you.
However = Nevertheless (adv. conj.) = Nonetheless (adv.)
Start n.vt.惊跳,惊起
-- The noise made him started(v.).
-- What a start(n.) you give me. / -- he stood up with a start(n.).
Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times
before it stopped.
before：...才
-- Nearly a week passed before she could explain what had happened to her.
Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.
Armed with a torch...过去分词
Looking at his watch…现在分词
分词做状语/定语的时候，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致
In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
in the torchlight在手电筒光下/ in the moonlight在月光下
in the sunshine在太阳光下/ in the candlelight在烛光下
非正式用语中whom可以省略掉
recognized somebody as… 认出某人是…
regard somebody as认为某人是/ think of somebody as认为某人是
treat somebody as把某人对待为/ have on somebody as把某人尊敬为
'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?' asked the vicar in surprise.
Whatever中的ever用来加强语气
'I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill. 'I've been ing up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'
night after night一夜连着一夜
day after day 一天又一天/ year after year 一年又一年
week after week 一周又一周/ bus after bus一辆车接着一辆车
'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar.
肯定句中常用do, did, does加强语气和情感色彩（一定要位于动词原形之前）
-- You do like nice today. 你今天看上去确实很不错。

-- I do like you.
'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well.
as well用在句尾相当于too,主要用于肯定句中,但比too所表达的语意更优秀。

-- You looked nice yesterday and you look beautiful as well today.
Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'
still用于句首,用逗分隔开来,表达一个转折的关系：虽然如此,但是
‘That's the trouble, vicar,’ answered Bill.'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it."
There is nothing I can do about it = I am at a lose what to do（at a loss adv.困惑）
‘We'll get used to that, Bill,’ said the vicar."Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'
get used to / be used to / be accustomed to / get accustomed to 都表示习惯于
get强调渐近的过程, be强调习惯了的状态
Special difficulties难点
in
1>与表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语作用。

in surprise惊奇地/ in astonishment惊愕的
in alarm恐吓的/ in embarrassment窘迫的
in amazement极为惊讶/ in despair绝望的
in dismay沮丧的/ in anger恼火的/ in disappointment失望的
2>表示以、用。

用于语言,书写材料,色彩或声音等方面。

in English / in pencil / in ink / in oil用颜料/ in red用红色/ in code用代码
in such a high voice用这么高的声音/ in a few words用几句话
3>表示状态、情况或处境
in trouble / in difficulty在困境中/ in bed在床上/ in a hurry匆忙的
in debt负债/ in love with sb爱上某人/ in tears流着泪
in good order有条不紊,整齐,情况正常/ in good repair维修良好
in good health 身体好/ in poor health身体坏
in the bad mood情绪坏/ in the good mood情绪好
in haste匆忙的/ in a favor of excitement欣喜若狂
in poverty在贫穷中/ in luxury奢侈的
Exercise：
very quickly = in a hurry
eventually = in the end （eventually adv.最后,终于）
be seen = in sight
with a pen = in ink / with a pencil = in pencil
which they share = in mon（share v.共享）
crying = in tears
【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题
prehension 理解
1 The church clock did not work because .
a it was too expensive to repair
b it disturbed the vicar’s sleep
c Bill Wilkins only worke
d at night
d th
e bell had been out o
f order for many years
2 The vicar was surprised to see Bill Wilkins in the clock tower because .
a. Bill Wilkins had been hoping to surprise him
b. it was an unusual time and place to find him
c. he had expected to find a figure
d. the clock had struck thirteen times
3 The vicar offered Bill Wilkins a cup of tea because .
a. he thought that Bill Wilkins was thirsty
b. thanks to him, the clock would now strike once an hour
c. he was grateful for the trouble Bill wilkins had taken
d. he was pleased to have been woken up for nothing
Structure
4 In the past the big clock the hours. (ll 3-4)
a. struck always
b. always struck
c. was always striking
d. has always been striking
5 It was not until the thirteenth stroke the bell stopped. (l.7)
a. before
b. when
c. so that
d. that
6 The vicar asked Bill doing in the church tower.(l.10)
a. what was he
b. what he was
c. what he is
d. whatever was he
7 ‘I it all right, but I’m afraid…’(ll15-16)
a. shall mend
b. am mending
c. have mended
d. mended
8 ‘We’ll get used to that, Bill.’(l.17)
a. hearing
b. hear
c. the sound
d. having heard
Vocabulary
9 Money which is collected for a cause is known as .(ll.1-2)
a. cash
b. a fund
c. a scholarship
d. an investment
10 A grocer is a man who .
a. runs a shop
b. eats a lot
c. sells bread
d. surprises people
11 ‘I’ve been ing here for weeks now.’(l.11)
a. every night
b. all night
c. the following night
d. several nights
12 ‘ .I’m glad the bell is working again.’ (l.14)
a. Yet
b. Good
c. Just the same
d. Even now
家庭作业
Unit 13 People
Ⅰ.品句填词
1.Everyone has__________, so don’t hope to be perfect.
2.I’m very _________for your encouragement. I’ll work even harder.
3.To my great__________, they all passed the exam.
4.It’s bad manners to make fun of the ___________. They should be given respect as much as healthy people.
5.She has saved a lot of money for _________(紧急情况).
6.He ________(向……祈求) to God for his wife’s safety.
7.The book gives a short ________(描述) of the city.
8.Experts _________(预言) modern kids will have poorer health than their parents.
Ⅱ.短语识境
be patient with, have sth. to do with, can’t help doing, even if, give a description, on one’s own, pared with, with anxiety, to be honest, be upset about
1.I won’t go to the party ________I am invited.
2.It’s my fault and it __________you.
3.__________ thinking he’s lying,so I can’t help to apologize for him.
4.You should _________the baby.
5.He ______a vivid __________of what he saw.
6.__________ this room, our room is much brighter.
7.He can finish the task __________now.
8.__________, I don’t like your idea at all.
9.She is still __________losing money.
10.He’s waiting for his son____________.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.她很少表露她的感情。

(give expression to)
______________________________________________________
2.简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下检查。

（suggest ）
________________________________________________________________________________________.
3.我发现自己迷路了，不能辨别出正确的方向。

(sense the direction)
__________________________________________________________________.
4.由于旅途劳累，他很快就睡着了。

(exhaust)
__________________________________________________________________.
5.根据广播，今天下午可能下雨。

(according to)
___________________________________________________________________.
6.你练习得越多，（球）打得越好。

(the more, the more)
___________________________________________________________________.
IV 完形填空
A
I was eight years old when I got my first pair of football boots. This may not seem 1 now, but in those days clothing was rationed(配合) 2 the war, and I knew my father had to go 3 a coat to give it to me 4 my birthday.
After school I went to play 5 in a park at the other end of the town, and after my first game I walked 6 the park to the bus stop. When we were 7 the town center, I happened to look 8 and saw I was holding just one boot. I looked under the seat but there was no 9 of the other one. Of course, I was only eight and not used to 10 boots together. One of them must have e undone. I could 11 my parents’ face when I told them I had lost it.
I jumped 12 the bus and caught one going in the 13 direction. To my surprise, a lady who was
a friend of my mother’s was on it, and she was surprised14 , because she could not understand 15 I was going that 16 at the time in the afternoon. I told her what had happened and she wished 17 good luck.
When I got to the park, I started walking slowly across it, trying to remember all of the various 18 roads I had taken. Suddenly, after about 100 meters, I saw the boot 19 all by itself in the middle of the grass. It seemed 20 a small object that I thought it was a miracle(奇迹) that I had found it.
1. A. strange B. necessary C. funny D. important
2. A. since B. because of C. in D. at
3. A. with B. without C. wearing D. having
3. A. on B. before C. after D. in
5. A. basketball B. tennis C. football D. games
6. A. to B. towards C. around D. across
7. A. arriving B. running C. passing D. walking
8. A. down B. up C. under D. in
9. A. shadow B. signal C. sign D. chance
10. A. carry B. put C. holding D. making
11. A. think B. think of C. imagine D. consider
12. A. out B. down C. off D. away
13. A. park B. opposite C. right D. back
14. A. too B. neither C. either D. very much
15. A. why B. how C. where D. that
16. A. road B. way C. direction D. hurry
17. A. my B. us C. her D. me
18. A. small B. possible C. narrow D. passing
19. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. lain
20. A. like B. only C. such D. so
B
From the ground can see flowers and trees, animals running, birds flying and mountains standing high in the clouds.
There are 1 under the ground, too. 2 is under the ground in some places, and 3 is oil. Men bring the coal and oil 4 from underground. We can use coal and oil to 5 houses, run trains and make the machines in factories work.
In some places, beautiful stone 6 jewels are under the ground. In some places there is iron or gold,
silver 7 tin（锡）。

Earth worms are under the ground nibbling（啃，咬）the 8 . And some animals have their 9 under the ground. Rabbits 10 in holes. Snakes make themselves tunnels to 11 in.
Almost everything that 12 out of the ground has 13 under it. Roots（根）reach out to minerals and 14 from the earth for their plants. 15 have big roots. Other plants have 16 roots, but they are enough to 17 them and get food from the soil.
Roots 18 another job besides feeding their plants. They make a sort of net that 19 hold the soil together. This keeps the soil from being 20 away by heavy rains or blown away by strong winds.
1. A. things B. holes C. worms D. gases
2. A. Stones B. Silver C. Gold D. Coal
3. A. either B. neither C. so D. also
4. A. down B. up C. round D. back
5. A. hit B. heat C. build D. fill
6. A. called B. cared C. covered D. included
7. A. and B. but C. or D. besides
8. A. soil B. goods C. grass D. food
9. A. families B. places C. homes D. tunnels
10. A. eat B. run C. lie D. live
11. A. e B. move C. give D. get
12. A. goes B. es C. keeps D. grows
13. A. roots B. lives C. seeds D. nets
14. A. air B. water C. sunlight D. soil
15. A. Plants B. Flowers C. Forests D. Trees
16. A. larger B. stronger C. smaller D. longer
17. A. catch B. keep C. stop D. hold
18. A .serve B. play C. act D. do
19. A. helps B. produces C. rises D. deals
20. A. washed B. put C. taken D. cut
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
June 26, 2000 — the Human Genome(基因组) Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic(遗传的) map of humans, is now more than 90 percent pleted. The scientific and medical munities(团体) are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging(延长) human life. But those munities and policy(政策) makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.
For the last few years, the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology(生物技术) have provides material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code(密码) have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the popular imagination.
While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding(解码) human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal(致命的)diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has bee widely known and praised for finding the genes(基因) connected with terrible diseases as yet(迄今), and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.
Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections(传染), and genetic diseases. Medical panies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop
a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.
1. Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome?
A. Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.。