2019-2020学年重庆市万州中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案

2019-2020学年重庆市万州中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.
Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol
Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.
Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-Tees
A pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.
Tower Bridge, London
An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.
Iron Bridge, Shropshire
Opened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.
1.Which bridge has the longest history?
A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.
B.Infinity Bridge.
C.Tower Bridge.
D.Iron Bridge.
2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?
A.People can just walk on it.
B.The public give it two names.
C.It's well worth visiting at night.
D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.
3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?
A.They are both over 120 years old.
B.Visitors should pay for passing them.
C.They have the same original design.
D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.
B
We touch our faces all the time, and it had never seemed to be a big problem—until COVID-19 arrived. Touching our faces—the "T-zone" of our eyes, nose and mouth in particular—can mean giving ourselves the deadly virus.
This is why organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have suggested that we avoid touching our faces. "Just stop this simple behavior," William Sawyer, founder of Henry the Hand, a nonprofit organization that promotes hand hygiene (卫生), told The Washington Post. "It's the one behavior that would be better than any vaccine (疫苗) ever created."
Yet, stopping this "simple" behavior might be harder than you think because it's already hardwired (固定存在于) into our system.
Some face touchingis an automatic reflex (反射) —like when there is an itch (痒) on your nose, you'll scratch (挠) it without thinking. According to CNBC, a 2014 study found that touching your face also helps to reduce stress and regulate emotions. For example, you're more likely to do it when you feel awkward or embarrassed. According to Dacher Keltner, a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley, US, this action may also come with a social function: When you are talking to someone and want to change the subject, for example, touching your face is like "the curtains on a stage, closing up one act of the social drama, ushering (引导) in the next," Keltner told the BBC.
Moreover, face-touching in almost all of these occasions is subconscious, which means it's very hard to change "because you don't even know you're doing it", said Sawyer. But you're not alone. In a 2015 study, wherea group of medical students were filmed in class, it was found that they touched their faces an average of 23 times an hour—with 44 percent of the touches being in the "T-zones". That was particularly surprising since medical students were supposed to know better.
Since it's so hard to shake the habit, maybe the easiest way is to wash our hands more often. This way, we can be sure that our hands are free from the novel coronavirus.
4. What do the first two paragraphs talk about?
A. The best way to fight COVID-19
B. How organizations are fighting COVID-19.
C. Typical hand hygiene problems in the fight against COVID-19.
D. The necessity to avoid touching our faces to fight COVID-19.
5. Why is it hard for people to stop touching their faces?
A. It makes people feel more confident.
B. Many are unaware of this behavior's risks.
C. They usually do it automatically and subconsciously
D. Many think the action helps them express their emotions.
6. Which of the following is a social function of touching faces, according to the text?
A. Using it as a sign to change the topic
B. Bringing a conversation to an end.
C. Showing an interest in the ongoing subject.
D. Making others feel relaxed while talking.
7. What is the author's purpose in mentioning a 2015 study on a group of medical students?
A. To give tips on how to stop touching faces.
B. To prove that it is common for people to touch their faces.
C. To show it is impossible to shake the habit of touching your face.
D. To show how hygiene awareness helps people avoid touching their faces.
C
Not long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment. This tradition has continued, with the implied message: usethisand exercise willbe yours.
And that's part of the problem, says Dr. Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University. There isn't one “best” anything to achieve fitness. Besides, people understand exercise is good for them. Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate.
Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history. Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to. But then technology made life and work easier. Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for. “It's a fundamental instinct to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding,” he says.
It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise “can make
it like taking cod liver oil,” Lieberman says. “Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't. And it's still coming across as an order, and “not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward,” says Dr. Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.
People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable. Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people. The majority don't feel excited. They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be. Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise. It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun.
8. What does the underlined “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The magazine.
B. The tradition.
C. The equipment.
D. The message.
9. What can we infer about technology?
A. It improves life quality.
B. It saves people's time.
C. It drives social progress.
D. It makes exercise less likely.
10. Why does the author mention “cod liver oil” in paragraph 4?
A. To attach importance to health.
B. To present a doctor's prescription.
C. To explain exercise is considered inessential.
D. To introduce the latest medical application.
11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Exercise should be made more joyful.
B. It's more fun to work out with others.
C. We may encounter bad workout experiences.
D. Orders work well to motivate people to exercise.
D
NASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung,
the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.
The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.
Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.
What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning around
May 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.
12. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?
A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.
B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.
C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.
D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.
13. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?
A. The delay of software tests.
B. The force of gravity on Mars.
C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.
D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.
14. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. A great victory.
B. A difficult task.
C. A roadside stone.
D. A historic event.
15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight
B. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars Exploration
C. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on Mars
D. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible Pictures
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
七选五
Childhood is an important period of social development, particularly in the formation of social identity, which is how we perceive our various roles in society in relation to others.___16___If a child is very shy and withdrawn, it’s likely that other children will pick up on that child’s social cues(暗示)andleave them alone,thus confirming the child’s social identity as "shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free from that identity.
___17___The more people identify with(认同) a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves. Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities.___18___
Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression.___19___For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore. The child may lose his status as a star athlete, which opens the door for depression.
How can a child’s identity be supported? As an adult, you can acknowledge what and who is important to them. Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role.___20___What’s more, if you notice that a child is losing interest in activities they once loved, or other behaviors that show they are feeling depressed, seek advice from their mental health providers.
A. Social identity allows people to be part of groups.
B. In fact,the child may hide their negative side and try to fit in.
C. Our social identities are often influenced by people around us.
D. Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life.
E. Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk.
F. So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging.
G. Why does a child feel depressed without being noticed by their parents or teachers?
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项My grandpa was not tall. But to me, a five-year-old child, he was a giant. We would sit side by side, watching the sun go down behindthe gas station across the busy street, a street that I was never____21____to cross____22____accompanied(陪伴) by an adult.
One day we sat____23____the traffic, counting cars and trying to guess the color1 of the next one to turn the corner.
Suddenly Grandpa asked, “____24____?"
"Yes," was my reply." How would you like to run over to the gas station there and get____25____a bottle of Coke?"
I couldn't believe my____26____. Had I heard right? Was he talking to me? On my family's modest（卑微的）income, Cokewas not a part of our diet. A few sips(小口抿) was all I had ever had, and certainly never my own bottle.
I replied shyly, "Okay," already wondering how I would get across the____27____. I thought Grandpa was going to go with me.____28____, after he gave mea dime(硬币), he said to me, "Okay, I'm going to stay____29____and tell you when it's safe to cross. You go over to the Coke machine, get your Coke and walk back._____30_____me to tell you when it's safe to cross back."
I was very both excited and nervous when Grandpa_____31_____my hand tightly. Together we looked_____32_____the street and down, and up again. When he told me it was safe to cross, he_____33_____my hand and I ran. I ran faster than I had ever run before. The street seemed_____34_____. I wondered if I would_____35_____it to the other side. Reaching the other side, I_____36_____to find Grandpa still standing exactly where I had left him,_____37_____proudly.
……
Coke in hand, I proudly marched back out into the early evening dusk, seeing Grandpa was waiting_____38_____.
"Stop right there!" he yelled(喊). One or two cars sped by me, and once again, Grandpa yelled, "Come on now, run!" At last I crossed the street safely. "Don't ever do that_____39_____," he warned.
One long swallow(吞，咽)of the cold Coke cooled my sweating body. I_____40_____felt so proud.
21. A. hoped B. expected C. dared D. allowed
22. A. if B. when C. unless D. whether
23. A. watching B. noticing C. seeing D. finding
24. A. Happy B. Funny C. Hungry D. Thirsty
25. A. you B. ourselves C. me D. yourself
26. A. eyes B. ears C. brain D. words
27. A. Coke B. station C. cars D. street
28. A. Though B. However C. Because D. Therefore
29. A. home B. here C. in D. there
30. A. Ask for B. Search for C. Wait for D. Look for
31. A. took B. shook C. held D. put
32. A. down B. back C. up D. upwards
33. A. took hold of B. let go of C. lost hold of D. controlled over
34. A. narrow B. smooth C. long D. wide
35. A. take B. make C. have D. see
36. A. turned B. had C. began D. came
37. A. smiling B. singing C. crying D. calling
38. A. angrily B. impatiently C. carefully D. patiently
39. A. again B. once C. alone D. though
40. A. never B. still C. ever D. also
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Climate change has been a hot topic nowadays. There is little doubt_____41._____ the Earth is getting warmer and warmer. Evidence has shown that it has had_____42._____ (great) affected the Earth’s ecology,_____43._____ (cause) both serious damage and human death. Thus, it is our______44.______ (responsible) to take immediate measures to deal with it.
Although I______45.______ (turn) down by Captain Shackleton, I decided to go aboard his ship secretly. I hid myself in the cupboard on the ship. After I was discovered three days later, Captain Shackleton hired me___46.___a steward to serve meals for the crew. I felt very honored to work for Shackleton,____47.____a reputation as an explorer was widely recognized.
___48.___(understand)Western art better, we need to spend some time looking at the development of
Western painting over the centuries. During the Middle Ages, there were many famous artists, Giotto di Bondone was a______49.______(represent). He began to care more about real people instead of religious contents.
____50.____, his paintings were set apart from the paintings in the early stage of the Middle Ages.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I took the Harvard Summer School program in my vacation. During my stay there, I spent many time studying in the main library Widener. I enjoyed myself in the ocean of knowledge, either doing research for my papers or read special edition books. The library, that is named after its donor Harry Widener, stands right next the Emerson building of philosophy. Opening a pair of heavy yet elegant metal door, I was immediately bathed in warm light. I wandered around the library, fascinating to find one treasure after other.
The library is a amazing place. Only if when one visits the library can he fully experience the academic atmosphere. For me, the library as well as the courses explain Harvard’s place as the home of devoted scholars.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是育才中学的学生李华，你校英籍教师Ms. Wilson很喜欢中国文化，特别是丝绸。

你推荐并邀请她参观市丝绸博物馆，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1.博物馆地点；
2.博物馆开放时间；
3.博物馆简介。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Ms. Wilson,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D
12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A
16. C 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. D
21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. C 32.
C 33. B 34.
D 35. B 36. A 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. A
41. that
42. greatly
43. causing
44. responsibility
45. was turned
46. as 47. because
48. To understand
49. representative
50. Therefore
51.(1). many→much (2). read→reading (3).that→which (4). next后面加to (5). door→doors (6).fascinating→fascinated (7). other→another (8). a→an (9). if或者when去掉(10). explain→explains
52.略。