2020年上海周浦高级中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析

2020年上海周浦高级中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23, 2021 after a year of waiting due to the pandemic. Let's take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.
No spectators
There are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections. About 950 people, including officials and journalists, will watch in the main stadium, organizers said. Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Male and female flag-bearers
The International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at the opening ceremony, including one woman, as women's participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent, making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.
Oath (宣誓) session updated
One of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremony—the Olympic oath—has been significantly adapted in order to “highlight the importance of solidarity, inclusion, non-discrimination and equality”. The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to six—two athletes, two coaches and two judges.
Simplified ceremony
In the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to the public, the performances are integrated with dances, scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.
In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost, the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be greatly simplified, with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.
1.Why isn't there any spectator during the opening ceremony?
A.To limit the number of people present.
B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.
C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.
D.To make room for the athletes all over the world.
2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?
A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.
B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.
C.Women will play a more important part in society.
D.More and more women will take part in the Olympic Games.
3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?
A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.
B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.
C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.
D.The opening ceremony presents the traditional culture of Japan.
B
A new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.
“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.
Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large
number of certain cells alive.
The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.
By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.
“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”
4. What made the research so different?
A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.
B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.
C. Treating depression with special medicine.
D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.
5. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.
A. fighting
B. identifying
C. distinguishing
D. examining
6. What did the participants do in the research?
A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.
B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.
C. They took exercise longer than they thought.
D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.
7. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?
A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.
B. To study the production of new brain cells.
C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.
D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.
C
When Jennifer Doudna was in sixth grade, she came home one day to find that her dad had lefta book titled The Double Helix on her bed. She put it aside, thinking it was one of those detective tales she loved.
On a rainy Saturday, she picked up the book. As she sped through the pages, she became fascinated by the drama, which encouraged her to explore nature's wonders. Even though her high school teacher told her that girls didn't become scientists, she decided she would.
She worked with a biologist, Charpentier, to turn a curiosity of nature into an invention—an easy-to-use tool that can edit DNA. Known as Crispr, the tool will transform the human race. James Watson, the author of The Double Helix, later told her it was the most important biological advance: since he and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.
For this achievement, Doudna and Charpentier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020. Until now, only five women, beginning with Marie Curie in 1911, had won or shared the Nobel for Chemistry out of 184 award winners. When this year's prize was announced, Dr. Charpentier said it would provide a message specifically to young girls who would like to follow the path of science and to show them that women can also be awarded prizes.
A few decades from now, if it becomes possible and sate to edit DNA, should we allow parents to improve the IQ and physical strength of their kids? Should we let them decide eye color1 ? Skin color1 ? Height? After helping to discover Crispr, Dr. Doudna has become a leader in considering these moral issues. That's the main message we should take from this Nobel: New technologies can be a huge benefit to the human race, but in order to make sure they are used wisely, it's important for people to understand them.
8. Jennifer Doudna decided to become a scientist because,__________
A. her father pushed her
B. a book inspired her
C. her teacher encouraged her
D. James Watson motivated her
9. Dr. Doudna was awarded the Nobel Prize because,__________.
A. she wrote the book “The Double Helix"
B. she discovered the structure of DNA
C. she is a hardworking woman scientist
D. she helped invent a tool for editing DNA
10. According to passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. The two women's success will inspire more girls to be devoted to science.
B. Since 1911, there have been 184 people who won the Nobel for chemistry.
C. If girls follow the path of science, they will surely achieve their goals.
D. Crispr will make a big difference to the human race.
11. Which words can best describe Jennifer Doudna?
A. Determined and responsible.
B. Ambitious and humorous.
C. Cruel and indifferent.
D. Fearless and stubborn.
D
A team of researchers from several institutions in the UK and one in Estonia has created a type of buoy（浮标）that has proven to be effective at frightening seabirds, thus preventing them from getting caught in gillnets—a type of vertical fishing net that is made of a material that makes it nearly invisible underwater.
Every year, hundreds of thousands of seabirds die when they get caught in gillnets. Some estimates suggest that up to a half-million birds are caught in them each year. Over the years, researchers have created devices（装置）to prevent the birds from trying to catch fish near or in gillnets, but those didn't work well.
To find a way that would work for all seabirds, the researchers first studied seabirds in a general sense, looking to find things that they would avoid. They noted that seabirds avoided eye contact with other creatures. Then the researchers came up with a simple idea—they put a small pole to a regular buoy and then attached a pair of googly eyes（金鱼眼）to the top of it. They made the eyes big enough so that even birds with poor eyesight, such as geese, would see them. Adding to the effectiveness of the device, waves made the eyes move back and forth. And the wind made the buoy spin very slowly, making sure that birds from every direction would get a good look at the eyes.
To test their idea, the researchers selected several sites near gillnets and counted how many birds approached and how many attempted to catch fish near the nets. They then set up their googly-eyed buoys and once again counted birds. Over the course of 62 days, they found the number of birds that tried to catch fish near the gillnets dropped by approximately 25% for a distance of up to 50 meters. They also found that the birds were less likely to fish near where the buoys had been for up to three weeks after they had been removed.
12. What is the function of paragraph 2?
A. Introducing a new topic to discuss.
B. Providing background information.
C. Summarizing the previous paragraph.
D. Pointing out the main idea of the text.
13. Why did the researchers make the googly eyes big?
A. To ensure all the seabirds can see them.
B. To clearly observe seabirds' eye contact.
C. To allow them to survive the strong wind.
D. To effectively identify the right direction.
14. What does the researchers' test result mainly suggest?
A. The new device still needs improving
B. Gillnets are a death valley for seabirds.
C. Seabirds hardly catch fish near the nets.
D. The googly-eyed buoy proves effective.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. A group of researchers interested in seabirds.
B. A way to help seabirds catch fish effectively.
C. A device keeping seabirds safe from gillnets.
D. A googly-eyed buoy guiding seabirds to hunt.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Slowly but surely, we're moving closer to the super-fast5Cworld that tech companies have been promising us for years. But do we really know it all?___16___
◆It's not quite here yet.
Though we've seen a lot of positive progress, westill have a long way to go before5Gis anywhere near as available as4Gis right now. But most in the industry agree that 2020 is the earliest when5Gwill ever begin to touch most consumers. And even then, early5Gnetworks could come with their fair share of growing pains.___17___
◆It's not going to be cheap.
___18___Some companies haven't commented on specific pricing yet, but, as most have pointed out, datacosts have historically climbed as network speeds increase. There's little reason to think that trend won't continue. It's not all bad news, though. Experts are optimistic that data prices will come down in the long run once5Gstarts to be widely available. But it's impossible to say how long that change could take.
◆___19___
It's obvious that5Gnetworks will bring fast data connections. However, part of its appeal is that it makes It's obvious that5Gnetworks will bring fast data connections. However, part of its appeal is that it makes mobile networks better, meaning that networks can support many more data connections than what was previously possible. Have you ever been to an event where your data connection slowed down or stopped working?___20___But5Gnetworks have a much higher ability to support up to a million devices per square kilometer.
A. It's really, really fast.
B. It's not just about speed.
C. Extra speed comes at a higher cost.
D. Here are three major disadvantages of5G.
E. Let's clear out some misunderstandings about it.
F. That's because present networks can easily be overloaded.
G. Unbalanced coverage or negative effects on battery life may arise.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Mary and her husband had a dog named “Lucky”. Whenever their friends came for a weekend visit, they would warn them notto leave the___21___open because Lucky would___22___whatever he likes. However, someone would forget and something would come up___23___. Mary or Jim would go to Lucky’s toy box in the___24___. There the___25___would be, among Lucky’s other toys.
It happened that Mary found out that she had cancer. Something told her she was going to___26___. The night before she was to go to the hospital, a thought___27___her that she had to leave Lucky. The thought made her___28___than thinking of her own death.
___29___the day came for Mary to leave the hospital. When she arrived home, Mary was so____30____that she couldn’t even go to her bedroom. Jim left her to____31____on the sofa. When Mary woke up, she couldn’t understand what was wrong. She couldn’t____32____her head and her body. But panic soon gave way to____33____when Mary realized the problem. She was____34____with some toys! While she had slept, the sorrowing dog had made trip after trip to the basement____35____his beloved hostess all his favorite things in life. He had covered her with his____36____.
Mary forgot about dying.____37____she and Lucky began living again,____38____further and further together every day. It’s been 12 years now and Mary is still____39____. Lucky still steals treasures and hides them in his toy box and Mary remains his greatest treasure.
Never forget the people who make a(n)____40____in our lives are the ones that care for us. If you see someone without a smile today, give them one! Live simply. Love seriously!
21. A. box B. luggage C. wallet D. door
22. A. steal B. swallow C. play D. protect
23. A. broken B. dirty C. missing D. present
24. A. bedroom B. kitchen C. yard D. basement
25. A. treasure B. food C. gift D. blanket
26. A. recover B. die C. survive D. suffer
27. A. defeated B. prevented C. struck D. influenced
28. A. prouder B. happier C. angrier D. sadder
29. A. Finally B. Gradually C. Particularly D. Normally
30. A. excited B. sad C. tired D. frightened
31. A. rest B. sleep C. wait D. calm
32. A. move B. control C. feel D. shake
33. A. anger B. disappointment C. excitement D. laughter
34. A. surrounded B. covered C. provided D. moved
35. A. returning B. hiding C. bringing D. taking
36. A. life B. love C. joy D. sadness
37. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Thus
38. A. living B. walking C. rushing D. studying
39. A. weak B. humorous C. healthy D. hopeful
40. A. difference B. agreement C. promise D. decision
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In 20,the Mid-Autumn Festival will fall on Septemberst,Tuesday.The Mid-Autumn Festival____41.____(celebrate)in many East Asian communities. InChina, it’s a reunion time for families, while inVietnam, it’s different____42.____China’s. It’s more like a children’s day.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the Moon Festival or Mooncake Festival. It traditionally falls on____43.____15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar,____44.____is in September or early October in the Gregorian calendar.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is the second most important festival inChinaafter Chinese New Year. Chinese people usually celebrate it by____45.____(gather)for diners and lighting paper lanterns. After dinner, people will enjoy the____46.____(new)harvested melons, pears and peaches, as well as the round moon cakes. It is really a good day with____47.____(beauty)scenery and enjoyable events.
In many East Asian communities, many celebrations take place for the Mid-autumn Festival. Many interesting____48.____(activity) with unique local features are held. InSingapore,Malaysia, and thePhilippines, in which many ethnic Chinese citizens mainly live, the celebrations are more Chinese, such as lighting lanterns and dragon dances.
In other countries, such asJapan, the ROK, andVietnam,____49.____(influence) deeply by Chinese culture, new celebrations have been used_____50._____(show)their unique cultures
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.短文改错
My classmates and I were to graduate next month. We were determined to do anything. After a heating discussion, we decided on making a video to record our experience at school.
It took us a whole week to collect materials, during that we interviewed our teachers or took photos of every aspect of school life. The editing part before that was tough. We discussed what to put into the video. Some compromises are unavoidable, but the video proved perfectly. Several days later, when the video was playing on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The teachers and students shared a great time. That surely gave to us a great sense of achievement.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的美国网友Peter对“中国成人礼（Chinese coming-of-age ceremony）”很感兴趣。

请用英语给他写一封信，以中国传统的“冠笄之礼”为例向他做一个简要介绍，内容包括：
1.在18岁，中国男孩要行“冠礼Guan Li”，女孩行“笄礼JiLi”；
2.“冠笄之礼”上，青少年要宣誓爱国家，爱人民，爱家人；
3.通过仪式，青少年感悟中国传统文化，提升个人精神素养。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
Looking forward to your letter about the coming of age of the United States.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. F
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32.
A 33. D 34.
B 35.
C 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A
32 is celebrated
41. from 42. the
43. which 44. gathering
45. newly 46. beatiful
47. activities
48. influenced
49. to show
51.(1).anything→something
(2).heating→heated
(3).experience→experiences
(4).that→which
(5).or→and
(6).before→after
(7).are→were
(8).perfectly→perfect
(9).playing→played
(10).去掉to
52.略。