建筑行业术语

BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语
1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑专业
a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart
工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of
discussion谈判
negotiation可行性研究
feasibility study初步设
计preliminary design
基础设计basic design
详细设计detail design
询价图enquiry drawing
施工图working
drawing,
construction drawing
竣工图as built drawing
c.CLIMATECONDITION
气象条件
日照sunshine风玫瑰
wind rose
主导风向prevailing
wind direction最大(平均)
风速maximum (mean)
wind velocity风荷载
wind load最大(平均)降雨
量maximum (mean)
rainfall雷击及闪电
thunder and lightning
飓风hurricane台风
typhoon旋风cyclone降
雨强度rainfall intensity
年降雨量annual
rainfall湿球温度wet
bulb temperature干球
温度dry bulb
temperature冰冻期
frost period冰冻线frost
line
冰冻区frost zone室外计
算温度calculating
outdoor temperature
采暖地区region with
heating provision不采
暖地区region without
heating provision绝对
大气压absolute
atmospheric pressure
相对湿度relative
humidityd. GENERAL
ROOM NAME 常用房间
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名称办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory 门厅lobby诊室clinic zhěn工作间workshop 电气开关室switchroom 走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage kù清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room
饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处
reception area会计室
accountant room秘书室
secretary room电气室
electrical room控制室
control room工长室
foreman office开关柜室
switch gear前室
antecabinet (Ante.)生产
区production area马达
控制中心Mcc多功能用
房utility room化验室
laboratory room经理室
manager room披屋(阁
楼) penthouse pī 警卫室
guard house
e. ROOFING AND
CEILING屋面及天棚
女儿墙parapet雨蓬
cano py péng屋脊roof
ridge jǐ坡度slope坡跨
比pitch分水线
water-shed二毡三油 2
layers of felt & 3 coats
of bitumastic附加油毡
一层extra ply of felt檐
口eave yán挑檐
overhanging eave檐沟
eave gutter平屋面flat
roof坡屋面pitched roof
雨水管downspout, rain
water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水
面积catchment area泛
水flashing内排水
interior drainage外排水
exterior drainage滴水
drip屋面排水roof
drainage找平层
leveling course卷材屋面
built-up roofing天棚
ceiling
檩条purlin屋面板
roofing board天花板
ceiling board防水层
water-proof course检查
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孔inspection hole人孔manhole 吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING)
墙体(外墙板)砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall 清水砖墙brick wall without plastering抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall 内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶
coping圈梁gird, girt,
girth玻璃隔断glazed
wall防潮层damp-proof
course (D.P.C)遮阳板
sunshade阳台balcony
伸缩缝expansion joint
沉降缝settlement joint
抗震缝seismic joint复
合夹心板sandwich
board压型单板
corrugated single steel
plate外墙板cladding
panel复合板composite
panel轻质隔断
light-weight partition牛
腿bracket砖烟囱brick
chimney勒脚(基座)
plinthg. FLOOR AND
TRENCH 地面及地沟地
坪grade地面和楼面
ground and floor素土夯
实rammed earth炉渣
夯实tamped cinder填
土filled earth回填土夯
实tamped backfill垫层
bedding course,
blinding面层covering,
finish
结合层bonding
(binding) course找平层
leveling course素水泥浆
结合层neat cement
binding course混凝土地
面concrete floor水泥地
面cement floor机器磨
平混凝土地面machine
trowelled concrete floor
水磨石地面terrazzo
flooring马赛克地面
mosaic flooring 瓷砖地
面ceramic tile flooring
油地毡地面linoleum
flooring预制水磨石地面
precast terrazzo
flooring硬木花地面
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hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring
企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor 钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley 排水沟drainage trench 沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit 孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trenchh.DOORS,GLAS S,WINDOWS& IRONMONGERY(HARD
WARE) 门、玻璃、窗及五
金件木(钢)门wooden
(steel) door镶板门
panelled door夹板门
plywood door铝合金门
aluminum alloy door卷
帘门roller shutter door
弹簧门swing door推拉
门sliding door平开门
side-hung door折叠门
folding door旋转门
revolving door玻璃门
glazed door密闭门
air-Tight door保温门
thermal insulating door
镀锌铁丝网门galvanized
steel wire mesh door防
火门fire door(大门上的)
小门wicket门框door
frame门扇door leaf门
洞door opening结构开
洞structural opening
单扇门single door双扇
门double door疏散门
emergency door纱门
screen door门槛door
sill 门过梁door lintel上
冒头top rail
下冒头bottom rail门边
木stile门樘侧料side
jumb槽口notch木窗
wooden window钢窗
steel window
铝合金窗aluminum
alloy window百叶窗(通
风为主) sun-bind,
louver (louver, shutter,
blind)塑钢窗plastic
steel window空腹钢窗
hollow steel window固
定窗fixed window平开
窗side-hung window
推拉窗sliding window
气窗transom上悬窗
top-hung window中悬
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窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion 窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot 长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger
碰球ball latch窗钩
window catch暗插销
insert bolt电动开关器
electric opener平板玻璃
plate glass夹丝玻璃
wire glass透明玻璃
clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂
玻璃) ground glass
(frosted glass)防弹玻璃
bullet-proof glass石英
玻璃quartz glass吸热
玻璃heat absorbing
glass磨光玻璃polished
glass着色玻璃
pigmented glass玻璃瓦
glass tile玻璃砖glass
block有机玻璃organic
glass I. STAIRCASE,
LANDING & LIFT
(ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息
平台及电梯楼梯stair楼
梯间staircase疏散梯
emergency stair旋转梯
spiral stair (circular
stair)吊车梯crane
ladder直爬梯vertical
ladder踏步step扇形踏
步winder (wheel step)
踏步板tread档步板
riser踏步宽度tread
width防滑条non-slip
insert (strips)栏杆
railing (balustrade)平台
栏杆platform railing吊
装孔栏杆railing around
mounting hole扶手
handrail梯段高度
height of flight防护梯笼
protecting cage (safety
cage)平台landing
(platform)操作平台
operating platform装卸
平台platform for
loading & unloading楼
梯平台stair landing客
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梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator 电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语• Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile) 防火砖fire brick 空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete 琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦
ridge tile石棉瓦
asbestos tile (shingle)波
形石棉水泥瓦corrugated
asbestos cement sheet
• Lime, Sand and Stone
灰、砂和石石膏gypsum
大理石marble汉白玉
white marble花岗岩
granite碎石crushed
stone毛石rubble蛭石
vermiculite珍珠岩
pearlite水磨石terrazzo
卵石cobble砾石gravel
粗砂course sand中砂
medium sand细砂fine
sand• Cement, Mortar
and Concrete 水泥、砂
浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普
通硅酸盐水泥)
Portland cement硅酸盐
水泥silicate cement火
山灰水泥pozzolana
cement白水泥white
cement水泥砂浆
cement mortar石灰砂浆
lime mortar水泥石灰砂
浆(混合砂浆)
cement-lime mortar保
温砂浆thermal mortar
防水砂浆water-proof
mortar耐酸砂浆
acid-resistant mortar耐
碱砂浆
alkaline-resistant
mortar沥青砂浆
bituminous mortar纸筋
灰paper strip mixed
lime mortar麻刀灰
hemp cut lime mortar
灰缝mortar joint素混凝
土plain concrete钢筋
混凝土reinforced
concrete轻质混凝土
lightweight concrete细
石混凝土fine aggregate
6 / 30
concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete 炉渣混凝土cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base 喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash 分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰lath and plaster • Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底
子油adhesive bitumen
primer沥青玛啼脂
asphaltic mastic沥青麻
丝bitumastic oakum
石棉板asbestos sheet
石棉纤维asbestos
fiber• Timber 木材裂缝
crack透裂split环裂
shake 干缩shrinkage
翘曲warping原木log
圆木round timber方木
square timber板材
plank木条batten板条
lath木板board红松
red pine白松white
pine落叶松deciduous
pine云杉spruce
柏木cypress白杨white
poplar桦木birch冷杉
fir栎木oak榴木willow
榆木elm杉木cedar柚
木teak樟木camphor
wood
防腐处理的木材
preservative-treated
lumber胶合板plywood
三(五)合板3(5)-plywood
企口板tongued and
grooved board层夹板
laminated plank胶合层
夹木材glue-laminated
lumber纤维板
fiber-board竹子
bamboo• Metallic
Materials 金属材料黑色
金属ferrous metal圆钢
steelbBar方钢square
steel扁钢steel atrap型
钢steel section (shape)
槽钢channel角钢
angle steel等边角钢
equal-leg angle
不等边角钢unequal-leg
angle工字钢I-beam宽
翼缘工字钢wide flange
7 / 30
I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar 钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe 黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe 铸铁cast iron生铁pig
iron熟铁wrought iron
镀锌铁皮galvanized
steel sheet镀锌铁丝
galvanized steel wire钢
丝网steel wire mesh多
孔金属网expanded
metal锰钢managanese
steel高强度合金钢high
strength alloy steel•
Non-Ferrous Metal 有
色金属
金gold白金platinum
铜copper黄铜brass
青铜bronze银silver铝
aluminum铅lead•
Anti-Corrosion
Materials 防腐蚀材料聚
乙烯polythene,
polyethylene尼龙
nylon聚氯乙烯PVC
(polyvinyl chloride)聚碳
酸酯polycarbonate聚
苯乙烯polystyrene 丙
烯酸树酯acrylic resin
乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡
胶内衬rubber lining氯
丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆
bitumen paint环氧树脂
漆epoxy resin paint氧
化锌底漆zinc oxide
primer防锈漆anti-rust
paint耐酸漆
acid-resistant paint耐
碱漆alkali-resistant
paint水玻璃sodium
silicate树脂砂浆
resin-bonded mortar环
氧树脂epoxy resin•
Building Hardware 建
筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋
面钉spiral-threaded
roofing nail环纹石膏板
钉annular-ring
gypsum board nail螺丝
screws平头螺丝
8 / 30
flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washer• P aint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer 防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint 透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar 沥青漆asphalt paint 桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil 腻子putty k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL
TERMS 其它建筑术语
• Discipline 专业
建筑architecture 土
木civil给排水
water supply and
drainage总图plot
plan采暖通风
H.V.A.C (heating、
ventilation and air
conditioning) 电力供
应electric power
supply电气照明
electric lighting 电讯
telecommunication
仪表instrument 热
力供应heat power
supply动力
mechanical power
工艺process
technology管道
piping •
Conventional Terms 一
般通用名词建筑原理
architectonics建筑
形式architectural style
民用建筑civil
architecture 城市建
筑urban architecture
农村建筑rural
architecture 农业建
筑farm building 工
业建筑industrial
building重工业的
heavy industrial 轻
工业的light industrial
古代建筑ancient
architecture 现代建
筑modern architecture
标准化建筑
standardized buildings
附属建筑auxiliary
buildings城市规划
city planning 厂区内
within site厂区外
offsite封闭式
9 / 30
closed type开敞式open type 半开敞式semi-open type 模数制modular system 单位造价unit cost 概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor 现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction 防火fire-prevention 防震aseismatic,
quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume 货流量freight traffic volume人流量pedestrian volume 透视图perspective
drawing建筑模型
building model•
Architectural Physics
建筑物理照明
illumination照度
degree of illumination
亮度brightness日
照sunshine 天然采
光natural lighting
光强light intensity
侧光side light 顶光
top light 眩光glaze
方位角azimuth辐
射radiation对流
convection传导
conduction遮阳
sun-shade保温
thermal insulation
恒温constant
temperature恒湿
constant humidity
噪音noise隔音
sound-proof吸音
sound absorption
露点dew point 隔汽
vapor-proof Name
Of Professional role 职
务名称项目经理
project manager (PM)
设计经理design
manager 首席建筑师
principal architect
总工程师chief engineer
土木工程师civil
engineer 工艺工程师
process engineer 电
气工程师electrical
engineer 机械工程师
mechanical engineer
计划工程师planning
engineer 助理工程师
assistant engineer
实习生probationer
专家specialist, expert
制图员draftsman
10 / 30
技术员technician
• Drafting 制图总说明general specification 工程说明project specification 采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted 图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale ．．．平面示意图schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图sectional plan of... 留孔平面图plan of provision of holes 剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section 横剖面cross (transverse) section 立面elevation 正立
面front elevation
透视图perspective
drawing 侧立面side
elevation背立面
back elevation 详图
detail drawings 典型
节点typical detail
节点号detail No. 首
页front page 图纸目
录及说明list of contents
and description图
例legend示意图
diagram草图
sketch荷载简图
load diagram 流程示
意图flow diagram
标准图standard
drawing ．．．布置图
layout of ... 地形图
topographical map
土方工程图earth-work
drawing展开图
developed drawing
模板图formwork
drawing配筋
arrangement of
reinforcement表格
tables工程进度表
working schedule
技术经济指标technical
and economical index
建、构筑物一览表list of
buildings and
structures编号
coding 序列号serial
No.行和栏rows
and columns备注
remarks 等级grade
直线straight Line
曲线curves 曲折线
zigzag line虚线
dotted line实线
solid line影线
hatching line 点划线
dot and dash line 轴
11 / 30
线axis等高线contour Line 中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line 尺寸线dimension Line 园形round 环形annular 方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram 三角形triangle 五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle 弓形sagment 扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone 椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area 体积volume容量capacity重量
weight质量mass
力force 米meter厘
米centimete毫米
millimeter公顷
hectate 牛顿/平方米
Newton/square meter
千克/立方米
kilogram/cubic meter
英尺foot 英寸inch
磅pound吨ton
加仑gallon千磅
kip平均尺寸
average dimension
变尺寸variable
dimension 外形尺寸
overall dimension
展开尺寸developed
dimension内径
inside diameter外
径outside diameter
净重net weight 毛
重gross weight 数
量quantity百分比
percentage净空
clearance净高
headroom净距
clear distance 净跨
clear span 截面尺寸
sectional dimension
开间bay进深
depth单跨single
span双跨double
span多跨
multi-span标高
elevation, level 绝对
标高absolute elevation
设计标高designed
elevation 室外地面标
高ground elevation
室内地面标高floor
elevation柱网
column grid坐标
coordinate 厂区占地
site area使用面积
usable area 辅助面
12 / 30
积service area 通道面积passage area 管架pipe rack 管廊pipeline gallery 架空管线overhead pipeline
排水沟drain ditch 集水坑sump pit 喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant 灭火器fire extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher
2. STRUCTURE 结构专
业 a. Load 荷载
拔力pulling force
标准值standard value
残余应力residual
stress冲击荷载
impact load, punch
load残余变形
residual deflection
承压bearing 承载能
力bearing capacity
承重bearing, load
bearing承重结构
bearing structure
脆性材料brittle
material脆性破坏
brittle failure 抵抗力
resisting power,
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resistance 吊车荷载crane load 分布荷载distributed load风荷载wind load 风速wind velocity, wind speed风压wind pressure 风振wind vibration浮力buoyance, floatage 符号symbol, mark 负弯矩negative moment, hogging moment附加荷载additional load 附加应力additional stress 副作用side effect, by-effect刚度rigidity 刚度比ratio of rigidity 刚度系数rigidity factor刚接rigid connection 刚性节点rigid joint 恒载dead load 荷载传递transmission of load
固端弯矩fixed-end
moment 活荷载live
load 积灰荷载dust
load集中荷载
concentrated load
加载, 加荷loading
剪力shear, shearing
force剪切破坏
shear failure 剪应变
shear strain 剪应力
shear stress简支
simple support 静定
结构statically
determinate structure
截面模量modulus of
section,section
modulus静力
static force 静力分析
static analysis 局部
压力local pressure,
partial pressure 局
部压屈local bulkling
绝对值absolute value
均布荷载uniformly
distributed load抗
拔力pulling resistance
抗剪刚度shear rigidity
抗剪强度shear
strength, shearing
strength抗拉强度
tensile strength抗
扭torsion resistance
抗扭刚度torsional
rigidity抗弯
bending resistance
抗弯刚度bending
rigidity抗压强度
compressive strength,
compression strength
可靠性reliability 可
靠性设计reliability
design 拉力tensile
force 拉应力tensile
stress, tension stress
拉应变tensile strain,
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tension strain 临界点critical point 临界荷载critical load 临界应力critical stress 密度density 离心力centrifugal force 摩擦力friction force 摩擦系数frictional factor挠度deflection内力internal force, inner force 扭矩moment of torsion, torsional moment疲劳强度fatigue strength偏心荷载eccentric load, non-central load 偏心距eccentric distance, eccentricity偏心受拉eccentric tension 偏心受压eccentric compression 屈服强度yield strength 使用荷载working load
水平力horizontal force
水平推力horizontal
thrust弹塑性变形
elastoplastic
deformation弹性
elasticity, resilience,
spring 塑限plastic
limit弹性变形
elastic deformation
塑性变形plastic
deformation 弹性模
量modulus of elastic,
elastic modulus体
积volume, bulk,
cubature, cubage
土压力earth pressure,
soil pressure弯矩
bending moment,
moment弯曲半径
radius at bent, radius
of curve位移
displacement温度
应力temperature
stress温度作用
temperature action
系数coefficient, factor
雪荷载snow load 压
应变compression
strain压应力
compression stress
应力集中concentration
of stress预应力
prestressing force,
prestress振动荷载
vibrating load, racking
load支座反力
support reaction 自
重own weight 作用
action, effect 作用点
point of
application,application
joint
b. Ground Base and
Foundation 地基
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及基础板桩sheet pile, sheeting pile 板桩基础sheet pile foundation 饱和粘土saturation clay 冰冻线frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement 残积土residual soil 沉积物deposit, sediment沉降settlement沉降差difference in settlement 沉降缝settlement joint 沉井sinking well, sunk well沉箱caisson 持力层bearing stratum 冲积alluviation 锤夯hammer tamping 档土墙retaining wall, breast wall底板base slab, base plate, bed plate 地板floor
board 地基ground
base, ground 地基承
载力ground bearing
capacity地基处理
ground treatment, soil
treatment 地基稳定
base stabilization
地梁ground beam,
ground sill地漏
floor drain 地下工程
substructure work,
understructure work
地下室basement,
cellar地下水
ground water地下
水位groundwater level,
water table 地下水压
力ground water
pressure地质报告
geologic report 垫层
bedding, blinding
独立基础isolated
foundation, individual
foundation端承桩
end-bearing pile 筏
式基础raft foundation
粉砂silt, rock flour
粉质粘土silty clay
粉质土silty soil 扶
壁式档土墙buttressed
retaining wall 腐蚀
corrosion覆土
earth covering 刚性
基础rigid foundation
沟盖板trench cover
固结consolidation
灌注桩cast-in-place
pile, cast in site pile
护坡slope protection,
revetment护桩
guard pile 环墙ring
wall 灰土lime earth
回填backfill,
backfilling回填土
backfill, backfill soil
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混凝土找平层concrete screed火山灰水泥trass cement基槽foundation trench 基础foundation, base 基础底板foundation slab基础埋深embedded depth of foundation 基础平面图foundation plan 地基勘探site exploration, site investigation基坑foundation pit 集水坑collecting sump 阶形基础stepped foundation结合层binding course, bonding course井点well point 井点排水well point unwatering开挖excavation, cutting 勘测exploration and
survey勘测资料
exploration data 沥
青bitumen, asphalt,
pitch联合基础
combined foundation
卵石cobble, pebble
埋置embedment 毛
石基础rubble
foundation锚筋
anchor bar锚桩
anchor pile密实度
compactness, density,
denseness摩擦桩
friction pile, floating
pile 粘土clay 粘
质粉土clay silt 碾压
roller compaction,
rolling排水
drainage, dewatering
排水沟drainage ditch
排水孔weep hole, drain
hole排水设备
dewatering equipment
普通硅酸盐水泥
ordinary Portland
cement群桩
grouped piles容许
沉降permissible
settlement 容许承载
力allowable bearing
软土soft soil 砂垫层
sand bedding course,
sand cushion砂土
sandy soil, sands 砂
质粉土sandy silt 设
备基础equipment
foundation 水泥搅拌
桩cement injection
素土夯实rammed earth,
packed soil
碎石桩stone columns
弹性地基elastic
foundation 弹性地基
梁beam on elastic
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foundation 填方fill, filling 填土earth-fill, earth filling, filling 条形基础strip foundation 土方工程earthwork挖方excavation work, excavation 箱形基础box foundation 压实compaction, compacting压实系数compacting factor 验槽check of foundation subsoil 预制混凝土桩precast concrete pile中砂medium sand 重力式档土墙gravity retaining wall 桩承台pile cap钻孔桩bored pile钻探exploration drilling, drilling, 最终沉降final settlement
c.Reinforcement
Concrete Structure 钢
筋混凝土结构板缝
slab joint板厚
thickness of slab 板
式楼梯cranked slab
stairs板跨度span
of slab薄壁结构
thin-walled structure
薄腹梁thin wedded
girder保护层
protective coating
臂式吊车boom crane,
boom hoist边梁
edge beam, boundary
beam变截面
variable cross-section
变形缝movement joint
变形钢筋deformed bar
初凝initial setting,
pre-setting次梁
secondary beam 大
型屋面板precast
ribbed roof slab 单
层厂房one-storied
factory单筋梁
beam with single
reinforcement单跨
single span单向板
one-way slab垫块
cushion block 垫梁
template beam 吊车
梁crane beam, crane
girder顶棚抹灰
ceiling plastering 端
跨end span, tail bay
多跨连续梁multi-span
beam 翻边upstand
反梁upstand beam
分布钢筋
distribution-bar封
闭式箍筋closed stirrup
附加钢筋additional bar
刚架rigid frame, stiff
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frame钢筋reinforcement, steel bar, bar 钢筋表Bar Schedules钢筋笼steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网bar-mat reinforcement, mesh reinforcement 钢筋砖reinforced brick 勾缝joint pointing 构架frame, gallows 构件member, structural member 构造construction 构造钢筋constructional reinforcement构造柱onstructional column, tie column 构筑物structure 箍筋hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距
stirrup spacing 固定
端fixed end, retained
end固端梁
fixed-end beam, fixed
beam过梁lintel,
breast summer 混凝
土强度等级grade of
concrete机制砖
machine-made brick
剪力墙shear wall 简
支梁simply supported
beam经济跨度
economic span 经济
配筋率economic ratio of
reinforcement劲性
钢筋stiff reinforcement
劲性钢筋混凝土结构
steel composite
construction 径向钢
筋radial reinforcement
抗剪钢筋shear
reinforcement抗拉
钢筋tension
reinforcement受压
钢筋compression
reinforcement可见
裂缝visible crack
刻痕钢丝indented steel
wire 坑pit, hollow,
delve空斗墙
rowlock cavity wall,
rolock wall空心板
hollow slab 空心砖隔
墙hollow tile partition
跨度span框架
frame 框架剪力墙结
构frame-shear wall
structure拉接钢筋
tie bar 栏杆railing,
banister栏杆立柱
railing post老化
aging累积误差
accumulated error
肋形楼板ribbed floor
slab冷拔低碳钢丝
19 / 30
cold-drawn low-carbon wire冷脆性cold shortness, cooling brittleness冷弯cold bending冷轧cold rolling离析segregation梁垫beam pad, template, pad梁挠度beam deflection楼梯斜梁string, stringer 螺旋楼梯spiral stair, winding staircase 马鞍形壳saddle shell 锚固anchoring 门框, 门樘door frame 门式刚架portal frame 面砖, 墙面砖facing tile, wall tile 耐火混凝土fire-resisting concrete 排架bent, bent frame 女儿墙parapet wall, parapet配筋率reinforcement ratio
配箍率stirrup ratio
砌块block圈梁
ring beam, tie beam,
bond beam
山墙gable深梁
deep beam伸缩缝
expansion joint 实腹
梁solid web girder
实腹柱solid web
column竖向钢筋
vertical reinforcement
双向配筋two-way
reinforcement素混
凝土plain concrete
筒中筒结构
tube-in-tube structure
网状钢筋steel mesh
reinforcement围堰
cofferdam, coffer 无
梁楼盖flat slab, flat
plate系梁tie beam
预应力钢筋混凝土
prestressed reinforced
concrete 预应力构件
prestressed component
预制prefabrication
预制板precast slab
预制构件prefabrication
component 预制装配
式结构prefabricated
construction折板
folded plate, folded slab
折板结构folded-plate
structure主筋
main reinforcement,
main bar 主梁main
beam, girder柱距
column spacing, post
spacing 装配式结构
fabricated structure
纵梁longitudinal beam
纵剖面longitudinal
section纵向钢筋
longitudinal bar d.
20 / 30
Steel Structure 钢结构薄壁型钢light-gauge steel section, hollow steel section 不等肢角钢unequal angle steel槽钢channel, channel steel 背对背角钢组合angles back to back 不锈钢stainless steel 除锈rust-removal 粗制螺栓rough bolt, black bolt 带钢strip steel, band iron单面焊single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓foundation bolt, anchor bolt, holding down bolt点焊spot welding, point welding 电动葫芦electric hoist 等边角钢equal angle, equal leg angle 对接焊, 对焊butt welding
腹板web plate, web
腹杆web member
腹板加劲件web
stiffener 杆rod, bar
钢板steel plate 钢管
steel tube, steel pipe
钢桁架steel truss
钢框架steel frame
钢梯, 爬梯steel ladder
高强度螺栓high
strength bolt 格构柱
lattice column 工字
梁I-girder, I-beam
工字钢I-steel工字
形截面I-shaped
cross-section焊缝
welding seam焊接
welding焊接长度
weld length焊条
welding rod桁架
truss 红丹底漆red
lead primer 红丹漆
red lead paint 加劲
肋stiffening rib, rib
stiffener加劲板
stiffening plate 角钢
angle steel节点
joint, node节点板
gusset plate, gusset
节点位移joint
displacement节间
长度panel length
紧固螺栓clamp bolt,
fastening bolt精制
螺栓turned bolt 可
焊性weldability 空
腹桁架open-web truss
空间桁架space truss
肋板ribbed panel,
ribbed slab连接板
connecting plate, joint
plate檩条purline
螺母screw nut, nut
螺栓bolt螺栓孔
bolt hole 螺纹screw
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thread, thread 螺纹长度length of thread 螺纹钢screw-threaded steel, twisted steel 拉杆tie rod, tension rod满焊full weld 铆钉rivet锰钢manganese steel 喷砂sand blasting 轻钢结构lightweight steel construction 三角架tripod上弦top chord, upper chord 上弦横向水平支撑upper lateral bracing
上弦纵向水平支撑upper longitudinal bracing 平面桁架plane truss 实腹刚架solid web rigid frame塔架pylon bent 特种钢special steel 调和漆mixed paint贴角焊fillet weld, fillet welding
托架bracket 网架结
构grid structure 屋
架roof truss, principal
无缝钢管seamless steel
pipe 系杆tie rod, tie
bar, tie 下弦bottom
chord, lower chord
下弦横向水平支撑
bottom lateral bracing
斜撑diagonal brace,
diagonal bracing 型
钢section steel,
shaped steel悬索
suspended cable,
suspension cable 压
力焊pressure welding
仰焊overhead welding,
inverted welding 翼
缘flange翼缘板
flange plate, cover plate
轧制型钢rolled steel
section支撑
bracing, strutting
铸铁管cast iron pipe
组合槽钢built-up
channel组合截面
built-up
section,compound
section自动焊接
automatic welding
e. Design for
Antiseismic 抗震设计
鞭梢效应whipping
effect 场地类别site
classification 场地土
site soil 单自由度体
系single-degree of
freedom system底
部剪力法equivalent
base shear method
地震earthquake, seism
地震烈度earthquake
intensity, seismic
intensity 地震烈度区
划图map of seismic
22 / 30
intensity zoning 地震影响系数seismic influence coefficient 地震作用earthquake action 多自由度体系multi-degree of freedom system反应谱response spectrum 抗震earthquake resistance 抗震缝seismic joint, aseismic joint 抗震构造aseismic construction 抗震设防earthquake fortification抗震设计seismic design 共振resonance基本周期foundamental period里氏震级Richter magnitude 烈度intensity 设计近震design near earthquake设计远
震design far
earthquake时程分
析法time history
method液化
liquefaction振型
vibration mode 振型
分解法modal analysis
method震源
earthquake focus 震
中earthquake
epicenter自由度
degree of freedom
自振周期natural period
of vibration f.
General Words for
Design 设计常用词
汇安装installation,
erection 报价offer,
quoted price 报价单
quotation壁柱
pilaster, mural column
变更alteration,
variation, modification
变形deformation 标
高elevation, level
标准standard,
criterion标准大样
standard detail 标准
图standard drawing
补充规定additional
regulations补充说
明additional remarks
补充条件
supplementary
conditions不对称
asymmetry布置
arrangement, layout
布置图layout plan,
layout材料
material 材料表bill
of materials 材料强
度strength of
materials参见详图
referring to detail
drawing参考点
23 / 30。