美国崛起论文

On the Rise of the United States ID: Name: Class：1003 Score：
2011．12.26
摘要
17世纪初，英国人来到北美大西洋沿岸，在那里开始建立自己的殖民地并对其实行高压政策。

殖民地人民不满其统治，联合起来反抗，并建立了美利坚合众国。

从此，一个国家开始了它的探索和发展。

从1776到现在，短短200多年的时间，却见证了一个国家迅速崛起的神话。

美国，如今备受世界瞩目的国家，在某种程度上，引领着时代的潮流。

它的发展，让全世界为之惊叹。

回顾美国迅速崛起的历程，我们会发现，它的崛起有着各方面的原因。

首先，美国有着得天独厚的自然和地理资源。

这是一个国家发展的必要条件。

其次，大量的移民也为其发展做出了卓越贡献。

然后，几次重要的战争也为其发展扫清了障碍。

美国对于教育与科技的投入是相当多的，这也是其崛起的一个重要原因。

在发展的过程中，它不断完善政治和经济体制，加快崛起的步伐。

它的崛起，也给了我国不少的启示。

我们也应学习它的成功经验，不断促进自己的发展。

Abstract
In the early 17th century, the British men came to the coastline of North American’s Atlantic and started setting up its colonies and conducted tough policies. The oppressed were discontent, so they united to fight against them. Finally, they established the United States. Since then, the nation had started its exploration and development. Over the 200 years, from 1776 up to now, the country has advanced a lot and become the most eye-catching nation. To some extent, the United States is leading the times. Looking back at its process of development, we can see that there are so many reasons. Basically, it depends on its advantageous geography. Then, some social factors matter a lot, such as immigrants, education, politics and economic policies. America’s rise has provided us with a lot of meaningful experience. We should learn from it and promote our own country constantly.
关键词：美国，崛起，地理，政治经济体制，科技
Key words：the United States, rise, geography, politics and economy system，technology
1. A brief Introduction
The United States consists of 50 states with a total area about 9.4 million square kilometers which makes it the fourth largest country in the world. It is a nation of over 100 ethnic groups. The United States has a population of over 200 million. It is such a young nation with just over 200 years’ history.
It has been more than 200 years since America was independent. Within the 200 years, America has got rid of the colonies and become a super and strong nation all over the world. Now, it is such a developed country, being advanced in every field, such as economy, technology and so on. To some extent, it leads the advancement of the world. Why Americans can make such a great achievement? Looking back on its history, we can realize that the rise of the United States has not only its own historical inevitability but also realistic reasons. I will explain the reasons in the following parts.
2. The reasons for its rise
2.1 Geography and nature
It is widely acknowledged that geography and nature play a nonnegligible part in the development of a nation. Without doubt, America’s rise surely depends on its geography and nature. The rich natural resources and the variety of climatic conditions all contribute to economic as well as cultural development.
There are a lot of lakes and rivers. Generally speaking, America enjoys abundant water resources. Besides, the various climates and land resources benefit the agriculture. There are also many forests and mineral resources, promoting the industry.
American’s position on the globe and its relative position in relation to other countries both provide advantage for the country in its development. The
long coastline with many harbors not only facilitates foreign trade and the fishing industry, but also brings much of the country within the influence of the oceanic air mass. What’s more, the traffic is very convenient. All of the factors make great contributions to America’s rise.
2.2 Immigrants
As we all know, the United States has received more immigrants than any other country in the world. The immigrants take up more than 90 percent in the total population of America. The influences of the immigrants can be seen everywhere in American economy, politics, science, culture and social life. In 1607, the British men came to the coastline of North American’s Atlantic. There they built the first colony, Jamestown in what is now Virginia. Then, by constantly expanding their control areas, the British men had set up 13 colonies by 1830s. Since then, a large number of immigrants had moved to North America. Most of them were British. Of course, quite a few came from the other countries in Europe. Besides, there were many slaves sold from African. With time going by, more and more people are attracted to America.
The immigrants have made great contributions to the development of North America. They add American population and the vitality. Besides, they provide America with some advanced technique support and enough cheap workers, promoting the increase of productivity. As the population increased, the market was enlarged. What’s more, the immigrants come from various places and their culture is different. In some respects, they keep there own traditions and customs, thus enriching the culture of America and making it various and colorful. The immigrants live and work there, playing an important role in the rise of the United States.
2.3 Important wars and movement
American War of Independence and American Civil War
It took almost 10 years for Americans to achieve complete independence. In 1776, there was a very important meeting for Americans, during which
United States Declaration of Independence was published. This declaration had a great influence on America. It not only announced the independence of American, but also flayed the king of Britain for the cruel control of the colonies. What’s more, it declared that everyone is born equal and everyone has his right of existence and freedom and to pursue happiness. All of these were good for the future development of American politics. Finally in 1783, Britain admitted that American was independent.
As far as I am concerned, it was since America was independent that it had developed gradually into a strong country.
After the war of independence, the 13 colonies established a central government in the form of Continental Congress, which was the State Legislature then. However, it was replaced by Confederate congress in 1781. Then in 1787, a meeting was held to make the Constitution of the United States. It was 2 years later when the constitution was in force. It was American basic law and set a basis for the laws of American political system. It was the first formal constitution. According to it, American became a federal country made up of states owning its own sovereignty. At the same time, there was also a federal government to work for the country. The basic principles of this constitution still play a part in today’s society. It is considered a great achievement on the rise of America. Over the 200 years, American government has revised its constitution many times to adapt to the needs of society’s improvement.
American Civil War was an important historic event concerning the survival and extinction of America. It not only safeguarded the national unity but also abolished slavery. It fatherly eliminated the obstacles of the capitalist development and set a basis for America to enter the world’s power list.
Westward Movement
After America was independent, American politics developed, so did its economy. From 1920s to the end of 19th century, Americans expanded there lands towards west. It was called Westward Movement. I’d like to say, without
this movement, America couldn’t develop into such a super country. During this period, many people were attracted to the west and began to develop those expanded lands. Through the movement, the economy of the west and east was connected. And political and economic integration were finished. It also greatly promoted the development of capitalist industrialization. Some people say that it had determined influence on America’s becoming top economic power in the world.
Two world wars
During the First World War, American land was far away from the battlefield. Taking the advantage, Americans sold lots of weapons to belligerent countries and amassed fabulous wealth. After the World War I, American economy developed quickly and surpassed other capitalistic states, such as Britain, Germany and so on. Gradually, it began to be the era of American dominance.
From World War I to World War II, Americans took use of its own economic advantages to extend its power all over the world. It received many excellent people who came to America to get away from the war. American technological strength grew a lot due to this.
In the World War II, although America had suffered a little, it achieved quite a few at the same time. After the war, America held 75 percent of the world’s gold. What’s more, dollars became the world currency. America became the world leader.
2.4 Industrial revolutions
Science and technology are the first productivity and of great importance to the development of society. Without exception, America’s development largely depends on science and technology. The industrial revolutions were so important to it.
In the first revolution, America went on very well because of its natural resources. And in a very short time, regional economy developed. It is
deserved to be mentioned that the government’s policies were so powerful, such as establishing national banks, encouraging technological advancement and so on. These really made great contributions to the nation’s rise.
During the second revolution, Americans took the most use of new energies, such as electricity. On the one hand, it directly promoted the progress of heavy industry. On the other hand, it made mass production possible and laid a foundation for economic monopoly. It not only added a lot financial income but also strengthened the economic system. What’s more, the world science and technology center moved from Europe to America.
Then, America began to lead the world industrial revolutions. The most meaningful reason for its improvement might be that Americans are good at absorbing advanced technology and innovating breakthroughs. Therefore, American productivity and enterprise management system are in continuous innovation process. As a result, in the science and technology, America has being playing a leading role around the world.
2.5 Politics, economy and other factors
Politics
America is the world's first modern meaning democratic republic as well as the world's first system of the separation of three powers of the country. The three powers, legislative power, executive power and judicial power, restrict and supervise each other. So it suppresses the corruption and guarantees the democracy.
Everyone in the United States has the right of freedom and equality. The just, fair and open democracy and nomocracy fully embody the respect to human rights and are mostly supported by people. This kind of politics provides the country with stable and advantageous environment.
Economy
The government has conducted many economic policies to promote the development. Americans attract and absorb foreign investment, establishing a
financial reserve system to make the market creative and powerful. Besides, Americans do well in paying attention to adjusting measures to economically underdeveloped areas. There they implement a diversified economy. Having experienced the Great Depression, the government strengthened the intervention to the market and improved the economic system. Of course, there are many other measures that contribute to the rise of America.
Other factors
The facts prove that the nation which is supported by many professional and talent persons has the possibility to become a strong country. America is such a country. It absorbs talents from other countries. What’s more, the government pays much attention to education and knowledge. The education system in the United States is aimed at cultivating people with high quality. The students are trained to think by themselves and improve their own innovation ability. These talents from home and abroad make contributions to the rise of the nation.
During the Great Depression, America initially established the social security system. Through constant improvement, it covers every aspect in social life. The system has a positive effect on the stability of the society, creating a harmonious environment for the country’s rise.
3. Conclusion
The rise of the United States is a result of so many reasons from every aspect. However, the process is not as right as rain. America has faced quite a few difficulties and problems. Americans are not defeated. They just keep moving and creating their own mythologies.
Although China is quite different from the United States, we Chinese can still learn from its experience. In the wave of international economy, we should learn from it and grasp the chances and be willing to take challenges.
First, Innovation is the spirit of a nation’s advancement. We should encourage it and make our nation more energetic and creative. Second, we
should put enough money to education so that we can train more excellent people. At the same time, improve the technology. What’more, we should make full use of our resources and recycle using them.
In a word, China should keep pace with the times and adhere to the policy of reformation and opening.
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