初中英语短语动词技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析

初中英语短语动词技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析
一、短语动词
1．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.
A. get off
B. take off
C. turn off
D. put off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。

A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。

根据句意可知选B。

2．— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week?
— You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.
A. Set up
B. Look up
C. Take up
D. Put up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好坐火车去。

在时间表中查找合适的列车。

A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D. Put up张贴，举起。

这里是表示查找，故答案为B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。

3．--Talking loudly in a library is impolite.
--In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.（找出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项）
A. look after
B. be careful
C. take care of
D. look up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：在图书馆大声喧哗是不礼貌的。

——实际上，我们应该当心，不要在公共场所咳嗽或者打喷嚏。

take care当心，小心。

look after照顾；be careful小心；take care of照顾；look up查找。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

4．Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble.
A. come up with
B. catch up with
C. work out
D. write down
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“；catch up with”赶上“；work out”解决“；write down”
写下来“。

句意为：Joe惹出许多麻烦，他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。

”想出方法“用come up with，故选A。

【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。

5．We are getting ready __________ Christmas.
A. to
B. with
C. for
D. of
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】get ready for……为固定短语，意为“为……做准备”。

【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配。

6．The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A. give up
B. clear up
C. end up
D. make up
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线，但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。

give up放弃；clear up清理干净；end up结束；make up 编造，弥补。

根据句意可知，船走的路线不同，但是都在同一个地方结束，即都去同一个地方。

故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

7．The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.
A. filled with cars
B. filled with people
C. filled with water
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当雨下得太大时，这条街会被淹没。

flood译为“淹没”；A.装满了车； B.装满了人； C.装满了水。

结合句意选C。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

8．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________.
A. ran off
B. went off
C. took off
D. set off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。

然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。

A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。

根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。

【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞
9．When you visit a museum, you should ___________ the instructions.
A. compare with
B. look forward to
C. pay attention to
D. try out
【解析】【分析】句意：当你参观博物馆的时候，你应该注意说明。

compare with比较；look forward to盼望；pay attention to注意；try out试验。

根据句意故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

10．We believe we can ________ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.
A. catch up with
B. come up with
C. put off
D. set off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：我们相信我们将来能想出办法解决污染问题。

catch up with赶上；come up with想出；提出；put off推迟；延期；set off出发；引爆。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

11．The company wants to a school for the poor children．
A. put off
B. set up
C. call in
D. look after
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。

put off推迟；延期；set up 建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

12．——When are you going to for Shanghai?
——Tomorrow morning.
A. get off
B. turn off
C. take off
D. set off
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——你打算什么时候动身去上海？——明天早上。

get off下车；turn off关掉；take off脱下；set off出发；动身。

故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

13．—The children in rural areas have few books to read. Let's ______ some books to them.—Great, it is a good idea.
A. give away
B. hand out
C. take out
D. put out
【解析】【分析】句意：--在农村地区的孩子们有很少的书去阅读。

让我们捐赠一些书给他们吧。

分析选项：give away捐赠；hand out分发；take out拿出来；put out扑灭。

结合句意表示捐赠之意，因此选择第一项。

故选 A
【点评】考查词组的用法。

14．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.
A. are supposed to
B. are allowed to
C. would like to
D. love to
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。

ought to的意思是应该，后跟动词的原形。

be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。

故选A。

【点评】考查动词。

15．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.
A. keep out
B. run out
C. be run out
D. run out of
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”，run out of “用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。

16．We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all .
A. taken up
B. kept away
C. given away
D. used up
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：我们尽力找一张可以容纳七个人的桌子，但都被占了。

A.take up 占（时间、场所等）；B.keep away避开、不接近；C.give away泄露、出卖；e up用完、耗尽。

根据句意可知是占...,故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语动词。

理解句意并牢记固定短语的意义。

17．Progress suggests a person's ability to change the way he is living at the moment and it must ______ a better life and a better way of doing things.
A. lead to
B. devote to
C. make up
D. take up
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：进步意味着一个人改变他现在生活方式的能力，它必须带来更好的生活和更好的做事方式。

A. lead to 导致；B. devote to 奉献，致力于；C. make up 编造；D. take up从事。

根据句意可知，答案为A。

18．The house is dangerous to live in. It should be
A. looked up
B. left out
C. thrown away
D. pulled down
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。

应该把它拆掉。

A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。

危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。

19．—Hey, Tom. ______ the waste paper and throw it into the bin. You can't throw it here.
—Sorry.
A. Take up
B. Pick up
C. Make up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：--- 你好，Tom。

请捡起废纸，把它扔进垃圾桶。

你不能把它扔在这儿。

--- 对不起。

根据句意，结合短语区别：take up,占用时间，空间；pick up，捡起；make up，化妆，组成。

故答案为：B.
20．Many scientists have ________ that we will face more serious environmental problems if we can't come up with solutions to deal with pollution.
A. looked out
B. called out
C. pointed out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：许多科学家指出，如果我们不能想出解决污染的办法，我们将面临更严重的环境问题。

A.looked out小心，当心；B.called out 唤起，出动；C.pointed out指出。

根据句意可知，这件事是由科学家们指出来的，故答案为C。

【点评】考查短语动词。

理解句意并掌握短语的意义和用法。

21．According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_______.
A. pick up
B. take up
C. put up
D. turn up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：根据我哥哥的说法，钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。

A.pick up捡起；
B.take up从事；
C.put up张贴；
D.turn up出现。

根据take up a hobby从事一种爱好，故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。

牢记动词短语。

22．Tom argued with Alice last night. But now they _______ after a talk with each other.
A. make up
B. put up
C. set up
D. look up
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：汤姆昨天晚上和爱丽丝吵架了。

但是现在他们谈过之后又和好了。

A.make up 和好，弥补，化妆；B. put up 举起，张贴，搭建；C.set up建立；D.look up 向上看，查阅。

根据after a talk with each other可知交流后和好了，故选A。

【点评】考查短语辨析，注意动词短语的积累及运用。

23．—Why do you want to your job? You did really well.
— Because I just want to join my husband's company and give him support.
A. give out
B. give in
C. give up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么想要放弃你的工作？你做得真的很好。

——因为我只是想要加入我丈夫的公司，支持他。

A. 分发，发出，B. 屈服，C. 放弃，要加入丈夫的公司，需要放弃现在的工作，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据句意确定正确的选项，并牢记三个短语。

24．—The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students.—That's good news for us. We have too much work to do after school.
A. give a hand to
B. give attention to
C. take part in
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——政府会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。

——那对我们来说是一个好主意。

我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。

根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放在······，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选B。

【点评】考查短语动词。

根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。

25．—What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York next Monday.
—Yes, he made it as last. I'm sure his cultural exchange will be educational
A. leave for
B. be away from
C. go on a trip to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——多好的新闻！Eric将会是代理联合国的代表，下星期一动身去纽约。

——是的，他最后成功了。

我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。

set off for: 动身去，相当于leave for, 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据语境判断出划线词的意义，选出意义相同的选项，确保替代
后句子通顺，意思不变。

26．—Mum, I think I need a bigger room.
—You should throw away your old toys. They have _______ too much space.
A. taken up
B. taken place
C. taken off
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我认为我需要一个更大的房间。

——你应该扔掉你的旧玩具。

它们已经占据了太多的空间。

A. 占据，B. 发生，C. 脱掉，起飞，根据 throw away your old toys可知要扔掉旧玩具，是因为旧玩具占了太多空间，故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据语境选出合适的选项，熟记短语，并能熟练运用。

27．—The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio.—Of course they were. You know, Spiderman was always those boys' favourite.
A. made a speech
B. disappeared
C. showed up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时，男孩们都疯狂了。

——当然他们会疯狂。

你知道，蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。

根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因为蜘蛛侠出现，A. 演讲，B. 消失，C. 出现，根据语境故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据句意找出近义词，牢记这些短语动词。

28．— There is an exam next week. What should I do?
— I think that if you ________ your study schedule for a week, you will pass it．
A. agree with
B. stick with
C. give up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——下周有考试，我该怎么办？——我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程表一周，你就能通过考试。

A、agree with同意，B、stick with坚持，C、give up放弃，根据题意可知，学生比较害怕考试，因此需要有一个好的学习规划，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选，填入符合语境的单词。

29．A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time.
A. sent up
B. given up
C. set up
D. put up
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间，学校贴了一张通知。

A.sent up射出；B.given up放弃；C.set up建立；D.put up张贴；主语是a notice，张贴广告用动词词组put up，故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。

牢记短语词义和用法。

30．Tim won the first prize in the piano competition. His parents ________him.
A. take care
B. look up
C. take pride in
D. wait for
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：提姆在钢琴比赛中获得一等奖。

他的父母为他骄傲。

take care 当心，小心; 坚持到底;
look up向上看;查找; take pride in v.以…为骄傲; wait for等待。

所以选C。