人教版高中英语必修三U3 Healthy eating表语从句精讲

Unit3. 表语从句和宾语从句
一．表语从句
表语从句
一定义：
A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。

The problem is puzzling.
主语连系动词形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句
B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether,how.
例句
He has become a teacher.
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
She has remained there for an hour.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is good.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
The question is confusing.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
why he cried yesterday.
how I can persuade her to join us in the party.
whether the enemy is marching towards us.
二注意：
A .表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B .不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C .不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D .that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。

一表语从句的定义：
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。

三表语从句的构成：
关联词+简单句
四、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等。

China is no longer what she used to be.
今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。

The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
问题还是他们能否帮我们。

At that time，it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。

2. 从属连词whether，as，as if / though引导的表语从句。

He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
他看起来还与十年前一样。

It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。

3. because，why引导的表语从句。

That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因为他没有理解我。

（That's because…强调原因）
That's why he got angry with me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。

（That's why…强调结果）
what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because.
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me.
我难过的原因是他没有理解我。

4. 连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever
连接副词where，when，how，why
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。

The question is how he did it.
问题是他是如何做此事的。

That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。

5. 从属连词that
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。

6. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示，should可省略。

常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等。

My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。

五、应注意的问题：
1.连系动词be，appear，seem，look等之后可以跟表语从句。

It was because he didn't pass the exam. 那是因为他没有通过考试。

It seems（that）he was late for the train. 看来他没搭上火车。

It appears that she was wrong. 看来她错了。

It seems to me that we should answer for this. 在我看来，我们似乎应该对此事负责。

It appears to her that he wants to teach us all he has. 在她看来，他似乎要把他所会的都教给我们。

2. 引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。

1）wh-疑问词
My question is who left.
我想问的是谁离开了。

What I wonder is when he left.
我想知道他是何时离开的。

That's what he wants.
那是他想要的。

This is where they once lived.
这就是他们曾经住过的地方。

That is why he didn't come here. 这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。

2）whether
My question is whether he left（or not）。

我的问题是他是否离开了。

注：if不能引导表语从句。

3）that
The fact is that he left. 事实是他离开了。

注：引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。

The truth is（that）I didn't go there. 事实是我没去那儿。

4）because，as，as if，as though
It's just because he doesn't know her. 这是仅仅因为他不认识她。

Things are not always as they seem to be. 事物并不总是如其表象。

He looks as if he's tired. 他好像累了。

It is because I love you too much. 那是因为我太爱你了。

That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。

It's because I passed a slip of paper for John to Helen in class. 这是因为我在上课中替约翰传纸条给海伦。

六．表从各色引导词集中举例比较
引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether，连接代词和连接副词，关系代词型what，以及as if, as though, because等连词。

1. 由that引导
The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 事实是他没有做真正的努力。

The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。

My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建议是我们应该告诉他。

His sole requirement was (is) that the system work. 他唯一的要求是这个制度能起作用。

My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 我的意见是我们马上就开始做准备工作。

【注意】连词that的省略问题
引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略：
My idea is (that) we should do it right away. 我的意见是我们应该马上干。

The trouble is (that) he is ill. 糟糕的是他病了。

2. 由whether引导
The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。

【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。

3. 由连接代词引导
You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我过去所想像的人。

The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。

The question is who (m) we should trust. 问题是我们应当相信谁。

What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。

4. 由连接副词引导
The problem is how we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。

That was when I was fifteen. 这是我15岁时发生的事。

That’s where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。

That’s why he didn’t come. 这就是他没有来的缘故。

That’s why I object to the plan. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。

That’s where you are wrong. 这就是你不对的地方。

5. 由关系代词型what引导
That’s what I want to stress. 这是我想强调的。

That’s what we are here for. 我们来这里就为了这个。

Fame and personal gain is what they’re after. 他们追求的是名利。

He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的他了。

6. 由as if / as though引导
It isn’t as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你离开不回来了。

Now it was as though she had known Millie for years. 现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。

It is not as though we were poor. 又不是我们家里穷。

【注意】because 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的since, as, for 等也不用于引导表语从句。