2020-2021学年江苏省南京师大附高高一上学期期末英语试题 Word版含答案

南京师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试
英语试卷
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
1. We can know from the passage that _______.
A. The Third Man won the Golden Lion
B. the Cannes Film Festival started in 1939
C. the Palme d'Or can be awarded to two films
D. the Palme d'Or prize was introduced during World War II
2. The Venice Film Festival _______.
A. didn't attract many people at first
B. has been held every year since 1934
C. is regarded as the most important film festival
D. has been running longer than any other film festival
3. What was the purpose of the London Film Festival at the beginning?
A. To bring film critics together.
B. To compete with other film festivals.
C. To choose the most original feature films.
D. To see films not shown in the cinemas.
B
Beauty has always been regarded as something that deserves praise. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and nave more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive（主管）circle beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman. ①
Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men；effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
②Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones；their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable（能力强的）than the attractive female executives. Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight success was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight success.
③An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine（女性化的）and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive ones. Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualities required.
This is true even in politics（政治）, “When the only clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. Then the students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.
④The results showed that attractive males defeated unattractive men. but the women who had been ranked most attractive received the fewest votes.
4. The underline word “liability” in paragraph 1 most probably means
A. trouble
B. advantage
C. misfortune
D. opportunity
5. In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness ________
A. is beneficial
B. is decisive
C. ensures success
D. reflects honesty
6. The sentence “why are attractive women not thought to be able?” should be put in _______.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
7. The author writes this passage to _______.
A. demand equal rights in politics for females
B. give advice on how to achieve success for men
C. stress the importance of appearance for job-seekers
D. discuss the disadvantages of attractiveness for women
C
It's been a long, wet winter. Everybody has got colds，and now we are braced for a coronavirus (冠状病毒) pandemic. Improving our immune system has never felt more important，but beyond eating more oranges and hoping for the best. what else can we do?
“When you come into contact with a virus you've never met before,” says Sheena Cruickshan k, a professor of immunology at the University of Manchester, “you've got various barriers (屏障) such as skin and microbiome to try to stop it getting into your body.” If a virus breaks these defenses. it has to deal with our white blood cells，or immune cells.
However, our immune systems may have blind spots. “This might mean that our immune response doesn't recognize certain bugs (轻微传染病),” says Cruickshank, “Personally, my immune system is not necessarily very good at seeing colds.” But a healthy lifestyle will ensure your defenses are as good as they can get.
Cruickshank recommends “eating a more varied diet with lots of high-fiber foods”. Being vegetarian isn't a necessity for microbiome health, but the more plant foods you eat, the better.
To be immunolog ically fit, you need to be physically fit. “White blood cells can be quite inactive.” Says Prof Arne Akbar, the president of the British Society for Immunology, “Exercise activates them by increasing your blood flow，so they can do their surveillance (监督) j obs and seek and destroy in other parts of the body.” The National Health Service says adults should be physically active in some way every day, and do at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity (hiking, gardening, cycling) or 75 minutes of vigorous activity (running, swimming fast, and aerobics class).
One of the many happy side-effects of exercise is that it reduces stress, which is next on our list of
immune-improving priorities (首要事项). Stress hormones can weaken immune function, a common example of which, says Akbar, is when chickenpox (水痘) strikes twice. If you have had it, the virus never completely goes away. “During periods of stress,” he says, “it can reactivate again and we get ill”.
Exercising and eating well will have the likely knock-on effect of helping you sleep better, which is an extra benefit because a tired body is more likely to get a bug. One study last year found that lack of sleep damaged the disease-fighting ability of a type of lymphocyte called T cells, and research is showing the importance of our natural biorhythms (生物节律) overall. “Your natural biorhythms are, to some extent, controlled by sleep,” says Akbar. “If you've got a regular sleep pattern, you have natural body rhythms and everything's fine. If they go out of order, then you've got problems.”
8. When the barriers fail to prevent a virus entering your body, _______ will come up next.
A. skin
B. blood
C. microbiomes
D. immune cells
9. What does Cruickshank mean by saying “my immune system is not necessarily very good at seeing colds”?
A. She does not lead a healthy life
B. Catching a cold is not a terrible thing
C. The immune system cannot always be trusted
D. Blind spots will not change the immune response
10. This passage mainly introduces ________ health benefits of exercise.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
11. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. How to exercise and eat well
B. How to enjoy a healthy lifestyle
C. How to improve the immune system
D. How to get various barriers against coronavirus
D
My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveler's cheques（支票）, and is asleep at the moment. His blue duffel bag lies on the floor where he dropped it. Obviously，he postponed as much sleep as he could: when he walked in and we hugged his electrical system suddenly turned off, and he headed directly for the bed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.
It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books on him, and a tape of useful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other things. At the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying that suitcases were more for old people.
During the trip he called home three times: from London, Paris, and a village named Ullapool. Near Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off. In the village, a man spoke to him in Gaelic（盖尔语）, and, too polite to stop him, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes, trying to nod in the right places. The French he learned from the tape didn't hold water in Paris. The French he talked to shrugged and walked on.
When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and hung on every word. His voice came through clearly, though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communication. When I broke in with a “Great!” or a “Really?”, I knocked a little hole in his communication. So I just sat and listened. I have never listened to telephone so attentively
and with so much pleasure. It was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to me. In my book，he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.
The unused cheques are certainly proof of that. Youth travels light. No suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely. I sit here amazed. The night when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country you've never seen is a night you would gladly turn into a week.
12. During the trip, the author's son ______.
A. ran out of money
B. didn't get enough sleep
C. forgot to call his mother
D. failed to take his suitcase
13. According to the passage, the author's son can BEST be described as ______.
A. adventurous
B. independent
C. creative
D. polite
14. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. It is important to listen to your child's story.
B. It's easy to break in on the chat with your child.
C. The author is proud of her son landing on the moon.
D. The son no longer needs much help from his mother.
15. We can infer from the passage that _______.
A. good parents should protect their children from potential dangers
B. the world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page
C. it's a win-win choice to give a child space to experience and explore
D. communication between parents and children is extremely important
第二节：七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin （毁掉）your friendship. ____16____Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
____17____Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests，but that’s not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize(分类)activities or sights into “must-see” “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travelling—from getting the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplane’s window seat. But sometimes things don’t go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions. ____18____Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
Don’t disappear. When travelling with a group-or even just one other person-you may want some alone time. That’s completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.
____19____.
Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. ____20____After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Anyway, give each other some space.
B. Include at least one activity for everyone.
C. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
D. At the same time，listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E. Don’t respond to less important work contact or send messages frequently.
F. It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G. So it’s important to make sure you and your friend（s）are on the same page.
第三部分语言运用（共5节；满分70分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When we choose a word we do more than give information; we also express our feelings about whatever we're describing. Words point to ____21____ but often connect these to attitudes at the same time; they can also
____22____ the beliefs and attitudes of other people. How would the different descriptions affect the listeners? The fact that words can ____23____ like this is important and valuable, for it adds a(n) ____24____ to our communication with one another. Advertisers make use of it in a number of ways.
The producer needs a name that will do ____25____ than just label(贴标签): he wants a name that brings suitable ____26____ as well-the ideas that the word brings to the mind will help ____27____ the product. If all were sold at the same price, which coat or suit would you choose from this range of shades—Dark Tan Brown, Mud Brown.
Just because of this, the advertiser is very ____28____ a bout the way he describes his product and what effect it
will bring ____29____. Almost every advertisement has certain key words (sometimes, but not ____30____, in bold or large letters, or beginning with a capital letter)that are intended to be persuasive(具有说服力的), _____31_____ at the same time appearing to be informative. It's difficult enough _____32_____ to describe what a thing is and how it works in words, especially in a few words, but the writers who write for the advertisements also try to
_____33_____ feelings, associations(关联)and attitudes. Some words seem to have been so _____34_____ in selling that the advertisers use them almost as if they were a magic key to a certain sale. How _____35_____, for instance, have you come across the word “golden” in advertisements?
One thing reminds us of another especially if we often see them together. As a matter of fact, these
_____36_____, also called “associations” are sometimes more imaginary than real: for many people a robin(知更鸟)suggests Christmas, for others silver candlesticks suggest wealth. The tricks of the advertising business are all examples of the advertiser encouraging us to associate products with those things he thinks we really _____37_____ —a good job, a sport car, a beautiful girlfriend-perhaps most of all a feeling of _____38_____. The advertiser often creates a “good image(形象)” of the product by showing us someone who uses his product and who leads the kind of life we should like to lead. We buy not just the product but the sense of importance that goes _____39_____ it. We drink Coca-Cola not just for the taste, but because we'd like to be thought of as being as cheerful as the _____40_____ people who drink it in the ads.
21. A. facts B. examples C. opinions D. beliefs
22. A. explain B. affect C. reflect D. share
23. A. act B. work C. matter D. sound
24. A. emotion B. richness C. advantage D. difference
25. A. more B. less C. better D. worse
26. A. imagination B. attachment C. fondness D. connection
27. A. produce B. sell C. develop D. design
28. A. curious B. anxious C. careful D. worried
29. A. in B. out C. up D. about
30. A. usually B. hardly C. always D. seldom
31. A. while B. though C. if D. until
32. A. overly B. partly C. simply D. really
33. A. choose B. change C. explain D. include
34. A. meaningful B. informative C. successful D. active
35. A. often B. long C. many D. much
36. A. tricks B. attitudes C. words D. reminders
37. A. order B. want C. miss D. need
38. A. responsibility B. реасе C. honor D. importance
39. A. around B. for C. with D. after
40. A. energetic B. professional C. skillful D. dependable
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a report released by the United Nations, there were 815 million undernourished（营养不良的）people in the world in 2016. Yet, 1.3 billion tons of food ____41____（waste）every year around the world， which is about one-third of all food produced each year, according to the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization.
____42____（get）a better understanding of different countries’ food waste problems, the Economist Intelligence Unit recently surveyed 34 nations according to their food system sustainability（可持续性）. According to the report，France topped the list of food sustainability，followed by Japan and Germany.
The____43____（perform）of these countries is largely related to their policies to deal with food waste. For example，France was the first country to pass laws to ban（禁止）food waste. In France, it's illegal for supermarkets to throw away____44____（sell）food, and French restaurants must provide doggy bags for people's leftovers.
Germany is trying to deal with the problem by reforming expiration dates（到期日）. “We found in our study that many people believed they should throw away products____45____the `best before' date has expired,” Martin Kranert, chair of Stuttgart University's waste ma nagement department, told Deutsche Welle. “This is not at all case, and such a lack of knowledge is the first thing ____46____has to change.”
Some countries are still falling behind when it comes to ____47____（prevent）food waste, however. For example, the United Arab Emirates wastes the most food, with each of its citizens throwing away about 1,000 kilograms every year ____48____average.
China has been working hard to reduce food waste. In early 2013, the country's Clean Your Plate Campaign started, ____49____（encourage）people not to waste anything on their plate.
“If people are more aware of the amount of food waste they produce and everyone plays a role in reducing their personal food waste, we can do ____50____（well）as a community,” Joyce Chan from the Fo odlink Foundation, a Hong Kong charity dedicated to reducing food waste, told China Daily.
Ⅱ. 根据句子内容和首字母提示写出所缺单词，使句子意思完整、语法正确，每空一词。

（共18小题；每小题1分，满分18分）
51. It makes sense to eat a reasonably balanced diet when you are anxious for a much s________ figure.（根据首字
母单词拼写）
52. During the power cuts, the hospital is still f________ normally and all the patients are being taken good care of. （根据首字母单词拼写）
53. The book is a detailed and thorough piece of work which covers all a________ of the subject （根据首字母单词拼写）
54. Food producers make tiny cupcakes out of rice with the a________ of sugar, milk, and nuts. （根据首字母单词拼写）
55. It is strongly r________ that strength training should be done under the guidance of your fitness trainer. （根据首字母单词拼写）
56. D________ the fact that John is not good at communicating with others, he still dreams of becoming a salesman. （根据首字母单词拼写）
57. To attract young people, our aerobics class has been r________ with several fun options, including modern dance. （根据首字母单词拼写）
58. Tom Holland, a British actor, s________ as Spider Man in Marvel movies. （根据首字母单词拼写）
59. As a Senior high school student, I find it difficult to fit exercise into my busy s________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
60. An English-language opera adaptation of the c________ Chinese novel Journey to the West is on its way to China （根据首字母单词拼写）
61. She's not usually l________ in confidence, but at the job interview she felt so nervous（根据首字母单词拼写）
62. Healthy eating and physical exercise are effective ways of m ________ good health. （根据首字母单词拼写）
63. With the development of technology, things which only e________ in science fiction have been brought into our daily life. （根据首字母单词拼写）
64. Asked if he would go back, Mr. Searle said after some h________ “I'll have to think about that.” （根据首字母单词拼写）
65. It is another long and tiring working day that s________ to 10 at night. （根据首字母单词拼写）
66. She froze with fear when she sensed there was a man immediately behind her. M________ he was watching her strangely.（根据首字母单词拼写）
67. The sight of those homeless people begging on the street made my heart a________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
68. For many Western artists, China and its rich culture have long been an i________ for their creativity. （根据首字母单词拼写）
Ⅲ. 根据句子内容和括号内提示写出所缺词组，使句子意思完整、语法正确，每空一词。

（共
10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
69. —Look at John! That was a nice shot.
—He's just ________ ________(显摆), because his girlfriend is here.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
70. With its graceful movements and positive effects on heath, yoga ________ ________（吸引）a lot of people. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
71. In spite of all these difficulties and frustration, the team ________ ________（坚持）the experiment for five years. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
72. Most of employers are planning to cut down on wages instead of laying off employees ________
________________（为了应对）the economic depression. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
73. She is quick to criticize anyone who doesn't ________ ________ ________（达到）her high standards.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
74. Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone, ________ ________ ________（更不用说）the damage to the environment. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
75. David was ________ ________ ________（受够了）his job in London so he asked for a transfer to the Paris office. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
76. Rising digital music sales，mostly through Apple's iTunes store have not ________ ________ ________（弥补）the huge loss of the album. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
77. It is generally believed that many psychological problems ________ ________ ________（起源于）childhood experiences. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
78. The newspaper industry is in trouble after ________ ________ ________ ________（打一场无望取胜的仗）with the ever faster and more efficient internet for readership. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
IV. 根据括号内的提示完成以下句子翻译。

（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
79. 过去十年以来，教育已经受到重视。

（attach）（汉译英）
80. 大多数节食的人几个月之后体重又增加了。

（end up）（汉译英）
81. 他承认对这个决定感到后悔。

（admit）（汉译英）
82. 根据尺寸价格从99美元到199美元不等。

（range）（汉译英）
83. 每个人都应该承担起减少污染及保护环境的责任。

（assume）（汉译英）
南京师大附中2020-2021学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试
英语试卷答案版
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
1. We can know from the passage that _______.
A. The Third Man won the Golden Lion
B. the Cannes Film Festival started in 1939
C. the Palme d'Or can be awarded to two films
D. the Palme d'Or prize was introduced during World War II
2. The Venice Film Festival _______.
A. didn't attract many people at first
B. has been held every year since 1934
C. is regarded as the most important film festival
D. has been running longer than any other film festival
3. What was the purpose of the London Film Festival at the beginning?
A. To bring film critics together.
B. To compete with other film festivals.
C. To choose the most original feature films.
D. To see films not shown in the cinemas.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
B
Beauty has always been regarded as something that deserves praise. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and nave more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better
advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive（主管）circle beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman. ①
Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men；effort and ability were thought to account for their success.
②Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones；their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable（能力强的）than the attractive female executives. Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight success was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight success.
③An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine（女性化的）and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive ones. Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualities required.
This is true even in politics（政治）, “When the only clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates（候选人）. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. Then the students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.
④The results showed that attractive males defeated unattractive men. but the women who had been ranked most attractive received the fewest votes.
4. The underline word “liability” in paragraph 1 most probably means
A. trouble
B. advantage
C. misfortune
D. opportunity
5. In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness ________
A. is beneficial
B. is decisive
C. ensures success
D. reflects honesty
6. The sentence “why are attractive women not thought to be able?” should be put in _______.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
7. The author writes this passage to _______.
A. demand equal rights in politics for females
B. give advice on how to achieve success for men
C. stress the importance of appearance for job-seekers
D. discuss the disadvantages of attractiveness for women
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. D
C
It's been a long, wet winter. Everybody has got colds，and now we are braced for a coronavirus (冠状病毒) pandemic. Improving our immune system has never felt more important，but beyond eating more oranges and hoping for the best. what else can we do?
“When you come into contact with a virus you've never met before,” says Sheena Cruickshank, a professor of immunology at the University of Manchester, “you've got various barriers (屏障) such as skin and microbiome to try to stop it getting into your body.” If a virus breaks these defenses. it has to deal with our white blood cells，or immune cells.
However, our immune systems may have blind spots. “This might mean that our immune response doesn't recognize certain bugs (轻微传染病),” says Cruickshank, “Personally, my immune system is not necessarily very good at seeing colds.” But a healthy lifestyle will ensure your defenses are as good as they can get.
Cruickshank recommends “eating a more varied diet with lots of high-fiber foods”. Being vegetarian isn't a necessity for microbiome health, but the more plant foods you eat, the better.
To be immunologically fit, you need to be physically fit. “White blood cells can be quite inactive.” Says Prof Arne Akbar, the president of the British Society for Immunology, “Exercise activates them by increasing you r blood flow，so they can do their surveillance (监督) jobs and seek and destroy in other parts of the body.” The National Health Service says adults should be physically active in some way every day, and do at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity (hiking, gardening, cycling) or 75 minutes of vigorous activity (running, swimming fast, and aerobics class).
One of the many happy side-effects of exercise is that it reduces stress, which is next on our list of
immune-improving priorities (首要事项). Stress hormones can weaken immune function, a common example of which, says Akbar, is when chickenpox (水痘) strikes twice. If you have had it, the virus never completely goes away. “During periods of stress,” he says, “it can reactivate again and we get ill”.
Exercising and eating well will have the likely knock-on effect of helping you sleep better, which is an extra benefit because a tired body is more likely to get a bug. One study last year found that lack of sleep damaged the disease-fighting ability of a type of lymphocyte called T cells, and research is showing the importance of our natural biorhythms (生物节律) overall. “Your natural biorhythms are, to some extent, controlled by sleep,” says Akbar. “If。