裕兴新概念第一册笔记(2)

语音－句子重音1.一般来说，在句子中实义词重读，虚词不重读。

名词、形容词、数词、动词、副词、感叹词属实义词，在句子中一般需要重读；而冠词、助动词、前置词、连接词是虚词，通常在句子中不重读。

代词在句子中有时需要重读，有时则不用重读。

－How can I help you？I've hurt my hand.How did it happen?I was opening a tin. It was hard to open and I was in a hurry. When it was half open, the tin-opener slipped . I cut my hand. It was terrible.2. 助动词、系动词与情态动词在句子结尾有句子重音，在句首可有可无。

Can you drive a car？Yes，I can。

Excuse me，Is this a bank？Yes，it is。

New Words and expressions 生词和短语living room n. 客厅near prep. 靠近window n. 窗户armchair n. 扶手椅door n. 门picture n. 图画wall n. 墙living room n. 客厅sitting room n. 客厅，起居室bedroom n. 卧室kitchen n. 厨房dining room n. 餐厅toilet n. 厕所bathroom n. 洗澡间，卫生局study n. 书房balcony n. 阳台basement n. 地下室near prep. 靠近near the school 靠近学校eg. There are some trees near the school.靠近学习的地方有一些树.He is near the window.他在窗户的旁边.Window n. 窗户shut the window/close the window 关上窗户ceiling n. 天棚on the ceiling 在天棚上floor n. 地板on the floor 地板上armchair n. 扶手椅sofa n. 沙发door n. 门answer the door 去开门answer the phone 接听电话door bell 门铃door mat 门垫picture n. 图画as pretty as a picture : very prettyget the picture : 了解情况 = understand 明白wall n. 墙on the wall 在墙上walls have ears 隔墙有耳bang one's head against a wall 做一些不可能的事情Grammar ---- some /any1. some 表示一些,通常用于肯定句中,后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词.eg. There are some cigarettes in the box.盒子里有几支香烟.There is some milk in the glass.玻璃杯中有一些牛奶.some 也可用在疑问句中,表示期待肯定的回答.eg. Would you like some beer?想喝点啤酒吗?Have you got some paper clips?你有一些曲别针吗? (期待肯定的回答或知道对方有) 2. any 通常用在否定句中或疑问句中.eg. There are not any spoons in the cupboard.橱柜中没有勺子.There is not any water in the glass.玻璃杯中没有水.Are there any cigarettes on the floor?地板上有一些香烟吗?No, there aren't不,没有.TEXT 课文Listen to the text carefully. Can you find the answers to these questions?Questions:1. Is Mrs. Smith's living room large or small?2. Where is the television?3. Where are the armchairs?4. Where is the stereo?Where are the books? There books on the stereo.书在哪里？这些书在立体声音响上.Mrs. Smith's living room is large. 史密斯夫人的客厅很大。

There is a television in the room. 客厅里有台电视机。

The television is near the window. 电视机靠近窗子。

There are some magazines on the television.电视机上放着几本杂志。

There is a table in the room. 客厅里有张桌子。

There are some newspapers on the table. 桌上放着几份报纸。

There are some armchairs in the room. 客厅里有几把扶手椅。

The armchairs are near the table. 那些扶手椅靠近桌子。

There is a stereo in the room. 客厅里有台立体声音响。

The stereo is near the door. 音响靠近门。

There are some books on the stereo. 音响上面有几本书。

There are some pictures in the room. 客厅里有几幅画。

The pictures are on the wall. 画挂在墙上。

课文讲解:Mrs. Smith's living room is large.史密斯夫人的客厅很大。

Mrs. Smith's 名词所有格my grandmother's glasses否定句eg. Mrs. Smith's living room isn't large.There is a television in the room. 在房间里有台电视机。

注意不定冠词a 的用法,这是第一次提到电视机,没有人知道它是指的哪台电视机,总之它是泛指某一台电视机,所以用不定冠词"a".The television is near the window. 电视机靠近窗子。

the television 是特指上句提到的那台电视机,因此用定冠词the.near the window 是介词短语,作表语.--- Where is the television?The television is near the window.There are some magazines on the television.电视机上放着几本杂志。

变成疑问句:Are there any magazine on the television?There is a table in the room. 客厅里有张桌子。

There are some newspapers on the table.桌上放着几份报纸。

newspaper 报纸 (合成词)news 新闻 (不可数)paper 纸 (不可数)newspaper 报纸 (可数)The armchairs are near the table. 那些扶手椅靠近桌子。

the armchairs 特指上句中的 some armchairs.the 后面可接可数名词单数,复数,也可接不可数名词. --- Where are the armchairs?The armchairs are near the table.There is a stereo in the room.在客厅里有台立体声音响.stereo 是可数名词 a stereo 表泛指The stereo is near the door. 音响靠近门。

---- Where is the stereo?The stereo is near the door.There are some books on the stereo. 音响上面有几本书。

There are some pictures in the room. 客厅里有几幅画。

The pictures are on the wall. 画挂在墙上。

the pictures 特指上句中已提到的 some pictures, 因此用"the"Lesson 28 Where are they? 他们在哪里? New Words and expressions 生词和短语trousers n. 长裤 (Br.复数)pants n. 长裤(Am.复数)socks n. 袜子shoes n. 鞋子glasses n. 眼镜gloves n. 手套literature n. 文学on （在物体接触表面）在…上面over 在垂直的上方不接触，越过in 在…里面into 进入…里面out of 在…外near 在…附近to 往，向under 在…下面between 在两者之间among 在…中间（两者以上）across 横穿[在物体表面横穿]through 从…中间穿过beside 在…旁边weep 流泪purse [] 钱包a pair of 一双/副(后面接成双成对的名词) a pair of socks 一双袜子eg. There is a pair of socks on the bed.在床上有一双袜子.a pair of trousers 一条裤子eg. There are two pairs of trousers on the sofa.有两条长裤在沙发上.There is a pair of glasses on the desk.有一副眼镜在写字台上.There are three pairs of shoes under the bed.在床底下有三双鞋.Exercise A注意单数名词和复数名词的区别.example:There is a book on the desk.There are some books on the desk.1. There is a pencil on the desk.There are some pencils on the desk.2. There is a knife near that tin.There are some knives near that tin.3. There is a policeman in the kitchen.There are some policemen in the kitchen.4. There is a newspaper in the living room.There are some newspaper in the living room.5. There is a keyboard operator in the office.There are some keyboard operators in the office. Exercise B ---- Translation1. 在地板上有一些领带.There are some ties on the floor.在地板上有一些领带吗?Are there any ties on the floor?没有一些领带在地板上,有一些袜子在地板上.No, there aren't any ties on the floor.There are some socks on the floor./There is a pair of socks on the floor.2. 在电灶上有一些空瓶子吗?Are there any empty bottles on the electric cooker?不,没有No, there aren't3. 有一些票在架子上吗?Are there any tickets on the shelf?是的, 有一些.Yes, there are.它们在哪?Where are they?4. 给我那条裤子.Give me those trousers.哪一条?Which ones?靠近白衬衫的那条.Those ones near the white shirt.5. 给我那双鞋.Give me those shoes.哪双?Which ones?在扶手椅子下面的那双.The ones under the armchair.总结1. There be ...There is 后面跟单数可数名词,不可数名词There are 后面跟复数可数名词2. where 引导的特殊疑问句Where are my trousers?They are on the bed.it 单数名词 they 复数名词靠近白衬衫的那条.Those ones near the white shirt.它们在手提包里.They are in the handbag.Listening ---<Beauty and the Beast>Belle : oh ! Good morning. 哦, 早上好.oh! dear ! Are you all right? 哦, 天哪! 你还好吗?Master: I fell and landed on my....on, on the ice. 我跌倒在冰上了.Belle : It's pretty slippery. 冰面挺太滑了. ( pretty:相当于 very)Master: Yes... it's slippery. 是的,挺滑的.Belle : This is a perfect day for skating .今天这真是个滑冰的好日子.come on. come on. 来啊. 赶快.Master: No.不.Candle: Go on, master. 去嘛, 主人..It might be fun. 可能蛮好玩的.Chip : Go for it! 加油啊!Belle : Come on! Why don't you try it like this? 来吧, 为什么不这样尝试一试?one, two , three, one, two , three, See? It's easy. 1,2,3 1,2,3看,很容易的.Master: One, two , three, one, two , three, 1,2,3 …1,2,3Mrs. Potts: Yes, I think it may work. 真不错,我想会成功的.( work: 起作用,发挥作用)eg. The medicine works. 这药管用.。