2006年初赛试题及答案(普及组)

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2006全国英语竞赛试题答案

2006全国英语竞赛试题答案

2006全国英语竞赛试题答案2006年全国大学生英语竞赛(A级初赛笔试试题)参考答案及评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points)Section A Short Conversations (6 points)1.a2. A3. D4. C5. D6. BSection B Long Conversation (4 points)7. B 8. B 9. A 10. ASection C News Items (10 points)11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. A16. B 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. CSection D Passages (10 points )Passage One21. D 22. B 23. A 24. CPassage Two25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. APart II Vocabulary and Structure(5 minutes, 10 points)31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A36. A 37. D 38. B 39. D 40.CPart III Situational Dialogues(5 minutes, 5 points)41.C 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. DPart IV IQ Test(5 minutes, 5 points)46. D 47. B 48. D 49.C 50. APart V Reading Comprehension(25 minutes, 40 points)Section A Multiple Choice( 5 points)51.C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. BSection B Yes / No / Not Given (5 points )56. N 57. NG 58. Y 59. Y 60. NSection C Short Answer Questions( 20 points)61. swimming62. garbage, sewage and medical waste63. discover / see / find64. eat (too much) fish65. the ocean pollution / the pollution of oceans / the problem of ocean pollution66. too cold67. they can feel / sense their movements (in the air)68. be very dangerous / hurt human beings69. kill cockroaches70. how and where cockroaches live, and difficulty of controlling themSection D Summary( 10 points)71. dangerous 72. culture / society 73. name 74. drops 75. nervesPart VI Cloze( 10 minutes, 15 points)76. around 77. benefits 78. sooner 79. money 80. alone81. career 82. disagree 83. Moreover 84. argued 85. Furthermore86. cultures 87. strange 88. outweighed 89. Unfortunately 90. believePart VII Translation (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A English-Chinese Translation (10 points)91. 许多原来通过请教家人、朋友或同事便能解决的生活问题,现在却超出了大家庭的能力范围。

2006全国化学竞赛初赛题(答案)

2006全国化学竞赛初赛题(答案)

2006年1.化合物A含硫(每个分子只含1个硫原子)、氧以及一种或几种卤素;少量A与水反应可完全水解而不被氧化或还原,所有反应产物均可溶于水;将A配成水溶液稀释后分成几份,分别加入一系列0.1 mol/L的试剂,现象如下:①加入硝酸和硝酸银,产生微黄色沉淀。

②加入硝酸钡,无沉淀产生。

③用氨水将溶液调至pH=7,然后加入硝酸钙,无现象发生。

④溶液经酸化后加入高锰酸钾,紫色褪去,再加入硝酸钡,产生白色沉淀。

⑤加入硝酸铜,无沉淀。

1.①、②、③的目的是为了检出什么离子?试分别写出欲检出离子的化学式。

2.写出④发生的反应的离子方程式。

3.⑤的欲测物质是什么?写出欲测物质与加入试剂的离子方程式。

4.以上测试结果表明A可能是什么物质?写出A的化学式。

5.称取7.190g A溶于水稀释至250.0cm3。

取25.00cm3溶液加入HNO3和足量的AgNO3,使沉淀完全,沉淀经洗涤、干燥后称重,为1.452g。

写出A的化学式。

6.写出A与水的反应的方程式。

若你未在回答以上问题时得到A的化学式,请用SO2ClF代替A。

2. 1998年,中国科大的化学家把CCl4(l)和Na混合放入真空容器中,再置于高压容器中逐渐加热,可得一些固体颗粒。

经X-射线研究发现:该固体颗粒实际由A和B两种物质组成,其中A含量较少,B含量较多。

试回答下列问题:1.CCl4和Na为何要放在真空容器中?随后为何要置于高压容器中?2.指出CCl4分子的结构特点和碳原子的杂化态。

3.上述实验的理论依据是什么?请从化学反应的角度加以说明。

4.试确定A、B各为何物?A、B之间有何关系?5.写出上述反应方程式,并从热力学的角度说明A为何含量较少,B为何含量较多?6.请你从纯理论的角度说明:采取什么措施后,A的含量将大幅度增多?7.请评述一下上述实验有何应用前景?3. 某一简易保健用品,由一个产气瓶、A剂、B剂组成,使用时,将A剂放入产气瓶中,加入水,无明显现象发生,再加入B剂,则产生大量的气体供保健之用。

NOIP2006普及组C 题目及答案

NOIP2006普及组C  题目及答案

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题 2006(普及组C++ 语言二小时完成)●●全部试题答案均要求写在答卷纸上,写在试卷纸上一律无效●●一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)1. 在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A. 沃尔夫奖B. 诺贝尔奖C. 菲尔兹奖D. 图灵奖2. 在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A. gcc/g++B. Turbo PascalC. RHIDED. free pascal3. 以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A. 寄存器B. ROMC. RAMD. 高速缓存4.Linux是一种( )。

A. 绘图软件B. 程序设计语言C. 操作系统D. 网络浏览器5. CPU是( )的简称。

A. 硬盘B. 中央处理器C. 高级程序语言D. 核心寄存器6. 在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A. 防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C. 防止计算机死机D. 防止使用者误删除数据7. 在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B. 高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C. C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D. 与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8. 在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. 一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B. 算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C. 判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D. 目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9. 在下列各种排序算法中,不是以“比较”作为主要操作的算法是()。

A. 选择排序B. 冒泡排序C. 插入排序D. 基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是C++),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000的double型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

NOIP2006普及组初赛试题答案

NOIP2006普及组初赛试题答案

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题(普及组Pascal语言二小时完成)●●全部试题答案均要求写在答卷纸上,写在试卷纸上一律无效●●一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)。

1.在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A.沃尔夫奖B.诺贝尔奖C.菲尔兹奖D.图灵奖2.在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A.gcc/g++B.Turbo PascalC.RHIDED.free pascal3.以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A.寄存器B.ROMC.RAMD.高速缓存4.Linux是一种()。

A.绘图软件B.程序设计语言C.操作系统D.网络浏览器5.CPU是()的简称。

A.硬盘B.中央处理器C.高级程序语言D.核心寄存器6.在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A.防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C.防止计算机死机D.防止使用者误删除数据7.在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A.Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B.高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C.C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D.与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8.在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A.一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B.算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C.判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D.目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9.在下列各种排序算法中,不是以“比较”作为主要操作的算法是()。

A.选择排序B.冒泡排序C.插入排序D.基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是Pascal),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000的double型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

2006年全国小学生英语竞赛五年级组初赛赛题答案

2006年全国小学生英语竞赛五年级组初赛赛题答案

2006年全国小学生英语竞赛五年级组初赛赛题参考答案及评分标准听力部分(共四大题,计40分)I.听辨单词(Words)(共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)A)1—5BDCBCB)6—10CADBBII.句子理解(Sentences)(共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)A)11—15CABADB)16—20FFTFTIII.对话理解(Dialogues)(共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)A)21—25DBADCB)26—30NYYYNIV.短文理解(Passages)(共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)A)31—35ECDBAB)ually40.think笔试部分(共六大题,计60分)I.单词(Words)(共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)1.mouth2.knowte4.much5.houseII.句子(Sentences)(共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)A) 6.find7.tallest8.is cooking9.were10.doesn'tB)11—15DCADAIII.情景会话(Dialogues)(共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)A)16—20DBACDB)21—25FAHECIV.阅读理解(Reading Comprehension)(共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)A)26—30FTTFTB)31.sister32.10(ten)33.tall34.heavier35.short;brown(brown;short)C)36.Spot.37.No,he wasn't.38.In the store.39.A man./Tim.40.That night./On Tuesday night.V.智力测试(IQ Test)(共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)41.B42.Four/ 4.43.Library.44.Mike.45.coatVI.小作文(Composition)(计15分)Lovely PiggyPiggy is a lovely pig.He likes trying on new clothes very much.You see,he puts on his grandpa's glasses,his brother's shirt,his aunt's skirt and his uncle's boots.And he is very happy.Now,it's Piggy's bath time.He takes off those clothes.He is not like his grandpa,his brother,his aunt or his uncle.He is himself now.Do you like him?(67words)一、评分原则:1.本题总分为15分,按四个档次给分。

2006年上半年初二科学竞赛测试卷及答案

2006年上半年初二科学竞赛测试卷及答案

2006年上半年初二科学竞赛测试卷(2006年06月15日)考生须知:1.本卷共3大题,48小题,考试时间120分钟,满分150分。

2.试卷共10页,请试题卷上答题。

一、选择题(本题有30小题,每小题2分,共60分。

每小题只有一个正确答案,不选、多选、错选均不给分)1.随着科技的飞速发展,出现了许多新型无机材料,如植入生物体内的生物陶瓷材料HAP[化学式为Ca m(PO4)n(OH)2],已被医疗上用于修补人的骨骼和牙组织,HAP的化学式中m等于()A.(3n+2)/2B.(3n-2)/2C. (2n-2)/3D.n+12.今年4月19日,温家宝总理批示:严查安徽“杀人奶粉”。

经检测“杀人奶粉”中蛋白质、钙、磷、锌、铁等含量严重不足,营养价值比米汤还差。

这里面的钙是指()A.原子B.分子C.元素D.单质3.2005年我国国际保护臭氧层日的活动主题是“加速淘汰消耗臭氧层物质”,保护环境,实现可持续发展是全人类的共识。

下列各项举措中,主要是为了保护大气臭氧层的是()A.使用无氟冰箱B.实现无氰电镀C.使用无铅汽油D.研发可降解塑料4.吃食物分泌唾液是一种反射活动,请问:完成这个反射的反射弧中的效应器是()A.腺上皮B.有血管、神经分布的器官B.上皮组织 D.复层扁平上皮5.一架飞机过日界线后,发现过了两个国庆节,这架飞机是()A.自西向动飞行B.自南向北飞行C.自西十二区飞向东十二区D. 自东十二区飞向西十二区6.一粒典型的种子应该包括哪几部分()①种皮②真皮③内果皮④胚⑤珠被⑥胚乳A. ①③⑤B. ②④⑥C. ①④⑥D. ②③⑤7.电池污染日益受到人们的关注,科技人员相继发明了一些环保电池,你认为下列属于环保电池的是()①太阳能电池②氢燃料电池③锌锰干电池④铅蓄电池⑤水果电池A. ①②B. ②③C.③④D. ④⑤8.2004年底,印度洋的海啸使当地的饮用水受污染,一些地区出现人员腹泻。

下列几个步骤能将河水转化为可饮用水,以下处理过程顺序合理的是()①化学沉降②消毒杀菌(用漂白粉)③自然沉降④加热煮沸A. ③②①④B. ③①②④C. ③①④②D.①③④②9.某人推自行车前进时,地面对车轮的摩擦力为F1,对后轮的摩擦力为F2;该人骑自行车前进时,地面对车轮的摩擦力为F3,对后轮的摩擦力为F4。

NOIP2006普及组计算机C++题目及答案

NOIP2006普及组计算机C++题目及答案

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题 2006(普及组C++ 语言二小时完成)●●全部试题答案均要求写在答卷纸上,写在试卷纸上一律无效●●一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)1. 在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A. 沃尔夫奖B. 诺贝尔奖C. 菲尔兹奖D. 图灵奖2. 在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A. gcc/g++B. Turbo PascalC. RHIDED. free pascal3. 以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A. 寄存器B. ROMC. RAMD. 高速缓存4.Linux是一种( )。

A. 绘图软件B. 程序设计语言C. 操作系统D. 网络浏览器5. CPU是( )的简称。

A. 硬盘B. 中央处理器C. 高级程序语言D. 核心寄存器6. 在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A. 防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C. 防止计算机死机D. 防止使用者误删除数据7. 在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B. 高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C. C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D. 与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8. 在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. 一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B. 算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C. 判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D. 目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9. 在下列各种排序算法中,不是以“比较”作为主要操作的算法是()。

A. 选择排序B. 冒泡排序C. 插入排序D. 基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是C++),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000的double型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

noip普及组初赛试题及答案

noip普及组初赛试题及答案

noip普及组初赛试题及答案### NOIP 普及组初赛试题及答案#### 一、选择题(每题2分,共10分)1. 题目:计算机程序设计语言中,哪种语言是由Dennis Ritchie在1970年代初期开发的?- A. Java- B. C语言- C. Python- D. Ruby答案:B2. 题目:在计算机科学中,算法的时间复杂度是指什么?- A. 算法执行所需的内存大小- B. 算法执行所需的时间长短- C. 算法的可读性- D. 算法的可扩展性答案:B3. 题目:以下哪个是计算机网络中的数据交换技术?- A. TCP- B. UDP- C. FTP- D. HTTP答案:A4. 题目:在HTML中,用于定义文档类型声明的标签是哪一个?- A. `<!DOCTYPE>`- B. `<html>`- C. `<head>`- D. `<body>`答案:A5. 题目:以下哪个是操作系统的五大基本功能之一?- A. 邮件服务- B. 文件系统管理- C. 网络服务- D. 办公自动化答案:B#### 二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)1. 在C语言中,用于定义一个整型变量的关键字是 int。

2. 数据结构中的栈是一种后进先出(LIFO)的数据结构。

3. 在Java中,一个类可以继承另一个类的属性和方法,这体现了面向对象程序设计的继承特性。

4. 在数据库管理系统中,SQL代表结构化查询语言,它是用于管理关系数据库的标准语言。

5. 计算机网络中的DNS服务用于将域名解析为IP地址。

#### 三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)1. 题目:请简述什么是二叉树,并给出二叉树的两种主要遍历方式。

答案:二叉树是一种特殊的树形数据结构,其中每个节点最多有两个子节点,通常称为左子节点和右子节点。

二叉树的两种主要遍历方式是前序遍历和后序遍历。

前序遍历的顺序是先访问根节点,然后是左子树,最后是右子树。

2006年初赛详解最新修正版

2006年初赛详解最新修正版

大同中学杯上海市第二十届初中物理竞赛(2006年)初赛试题解答第一部分1、关于物体的内能,下列说法中正确的是( )(A)水具有内能,冰块没有内能(B)水蒸气具有的内能一定比水具有的内能大(C)一杯水的温度越高,它具有的内能越大(D)一杯水放在高处一定比放在低处具有的内能大【解】C内能是分子运动动能与分子间相互作用势能的总和(内在能量),任何物体都具有内能;不能笼统地说水蒸气的内能比水大;物体的高低与内能无关;同一物体温度高,分子平均动能大,故内能大。

2、下列现象中利用了熔化吸热的是( )(A)运输食品时利用干冰降温防止食品腐烂(B)天热时向地上洒水会感到凉快(C)游泳后离开泳池时身上会感到有点冷(D)向可乐饮料中加冰块会使饮料变得更凉【解】D冰块化为水的过程中要吸热,故会使饮料变得更凉3、小明乘坐索道到山上游玩,每隔1分钟能迎面遇见6部缆车,已知索道单程距离为2160米,缆车的速度保持1.2米/秒,则整个索道上的缆车总数为( )(A)150部(B)180部(C)210部(D)240部【解】B每隔1分钟遇见6部缆车,即每10秒遇见1部,期间走过S=Vt=12m,则整个索道上的缆车总数为:2160÷12=1804、由于受到水平方向风力的影响,使得原先竖直下落的雨滴斜向下方匀速下落,则( )(A)风速越大,雨滴下落时间会越短(B)风速越大,雨滴下落时间会越长(C)风速越大,雨滴着地速度会越大(D)风速越大,雨滴着地速度会越小【解】C由于受到的风力为水平方向,故雨滴竖直方向的下落速度不变,所以下落的时间不变;风速越大,雨滴水平方向运动越快,故落地速度(合速度)越大。

5、在如图所示的电路中,闭合电键后,发现灯L1、L2都不发光,电流表无示数.为了找出发生故障的原因,现用电压表进行检测,发现b 、c 之间的电压为零,a 、b 间的电压和a 、c 间的电压都为3伏,则电路故障可能是 ( )(A)L 1断路 (B)L 1短路 (C)L 2断路 (D)L 2短路 【解】AL 1断路, 则a 、b 间的电压、a 、c 间的电压均为电源电压(3伏)6、在如图所示的电路中,电键闭合后,电压表和电流表的示数变化情况是( ) (A)电压表示数不变,电流表示数变大 (B)电压表示数不变,电流表示数不变 (C)电压表示数变大,电流表示数变大 (D)电压表示数变大,电流表示数不变 【解】A电压表测量的是电源电压,故不变;电流表量的是通过灯泡的电流,电键闭合,电路接通,故电流表示数变大7、即将进站的列车发出一鸣号声,持续时间为t 。

NOIP普及组初赛_2006~2018选择题

NOIP普及组初赛_2006~2018选择题

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题(2006 NOIP 普及组C++ 语言二小时完成)一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)。

1. 在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A. 沃尔夫奖B. 诺贝尔奖C. 菲尔兹奖D. 图灵奖2. 在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A. gcc/g++B. Turbo PascalC. RHIDED. free pascal3. 以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A. 寄存器B. ROMC. RAMD. 高速缓存4.Linux是一种( )。

A. 绘图软件B. 程序设计语言C. 操作系统D. 网络浏览器5. CPU是( )的简称。

A. 硬盘B. 中央处理器C. 高级程序语言D. 核心寄存器6. 在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A. 防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C. 防止计算机死机D. 防止使用者误删除数据7. 在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B. 高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C. C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D. 与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8. 在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. 一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B. 算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C. 判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D. 目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9. 在下列各种排序算法中,不是以“比较”作为主要操作的算法是()。

A. 选择排序B. 冒泡排序C. 插入排序D. 基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是C++),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000 的double 型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

2006年全国初中数学竞赛(浙江赛区)初赛试题参考答案

2006年全国初中数学竞赛(浙江赛区)初赛试题参考答案

B C (第2题) N2006年全国初中数学竞赛(浙江赛区)初赛试题参考答案一、选择题(共8小题,每小题5分,满分40分)1.答案:D解:解方程组,得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-=-=.526,543a y a x 只需⎩⎨⎧>-<-;026,043a a 或⎩⎨⎧<->-.026,043a a 即a <34或a >3. 2.答案:B解:连结BE ,分别过E ,F 作A C 的平行线交BC 于点M 和N ,则EM =1,BM =3,MN =33134-=--.∴ 小三角形的周长是632=++MN MN MN cm .3.答案:C解:能组成三角形的只有(1,7,7)、(2,6,7)、(3,5,7)、(3,6,6)、 (4,4,7)、(4,5,6)、(5,5,5)七种.4.答案:D解:将抛物线C 再变回到抛物线A :即将抛物线1)1(22-+=x y 向下平移1个单位,再向右平移2个单位,得到抛物线2)1(22--=x y ,而抛物线2)1(22--=x y 关于x 轴对称的抛物线是2)1(22+--=x y .5.答案:A解:四册教材任取两册共有6种不同的取法,取出的两册是一套教材的共有4种不同的取法,故所求概率是3264=. 6.答案:A解: 经实验或按下述方法可求得顶点C ,E 和F 棋子不可能停到.设顶点A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,F ,G 分别是第0,1,2,3,4,5,6格,因棋子移动了k 次后走过的总格数是()121321+=++++k k k ,应停在第()p k k 7121-+格,这里p 是整数,且使0≤()p k k 7121-+≤6,分别取k =1,2,3,4,5,6,7,时,()p k k 7121-+=1,3,6,3,1,0,0,发现第2,4,5格没有停棋.若7<k ≤10,设t k +=7(t =1,2,3)代入可得,()p k k 7121-+=()1217++t t m ,由此可知,停棋的情形与t k =时相同.故第2,4,5格没有停棋,即顶点C ,E 和F 棋子不可能停到.7.答案:B解:假设有整数根,不妨设它的根是2k 或2k +1(k 为整数),分别代入原方程得方程两边的奇偶性不同的矛盾结果,所以排除A ;若a ,b ,c 分别取4,8,3则排除C ,D .8.答案:C解:每个2×2小方格图形有4种不同的画法,而位置不同的2×2 小方格图形共有12个,故画出不同位置的L 形图案个数是12×4=48.二、填空题(共6小题,每小题5分,满分30分)9.答案:512 解:不难证明其公共弦就是直角三角形斜边上的高(设为h ),则5h =3×4,h =512. 10.答案:35%或65%(答对一个给3分)解:如果平均数小于中位数,那么小于平均数的数据有35个;如果平均数大于中位数,那么小于平均数的数据有65个,所以这组数据中小于平均数的数据占这100个数据的百分比是35%或65%.11.答案:10解:不难验证,a 2=b 2+c 2.所以△ABC 是直角三角形,其中a 是斜边.b sin B +c sin C =a b b ⋅+ac c ⋅=a b c 22+=a a 2=a =10. 12.答案:00720031 解:方程组()⎩⎨⎧++=-+=k x k y k kx y 1,1的解为⎩⎨⎧-=-=.1,1y x 直线的交点是()1,1--. 直线1y kx k =+-,1y k x k =++()与x 轴的交点分别是(kk -1,0)、 (1+-k k ,0).11121+---⨯-⨯=k k k k S k =11121+-k k .所以 1232006S S S S ++++ =⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-++-+-+-00721006214131312121121 =0072003100721121=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯. 13.答案:22 解:连结DM 并延长交EF 于N ,则△ADM ≌△ENM ,∴FN =1,则FM 是等腰直角△DFN 的底边上的E (第8题)高,所以FM =22. 14.答案:463 解:设这个等腰三角形的腰为x ,底为y ,分为的两部分边长分别为n 和2n ,得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+=+;22,2n y x n x x 或⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+=+.2,22n y x n x x 解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==;35,32n y n x 或⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.3,34n y n x ∵ 35322n n <⨯(此时不能构成三角形,舍去),∴ 取⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==,3,34n y n x 其中n 是3的倍数. 三角形的面积2223663)6()34(321n n n n S =-⨯⨯=∆.对于23663n S =∆, 当n ≥0时,∆S 随着n 的增大而增大,故当n =3时,463=∆S 取最小. 三、解答题(共4题,分值依次为12分、12分、12分和14分,满分50分)15.(12分)解:将b a 24+=代入210ab c +-=,得2b 2+4b +c 21-=0, ……………2分 ∴ 22622c b -±-=. …………………………………2分 ∵ b ,c 都是整数,∴ 只能取⎩⎨⎧==;1,011c b ⎩⎨⎧-==;1,022c b ⎩⎨⎧=-=;1,233c b ⎩⎨⎧-=-=1,244c b ,…4分 相对应a 1=4,a 2=4,a 3=0,a 4=0.故所求a b c ++的值有4个:5,3,1-,3-. ……………………………4分16.(12分)解:设分配给甲店铺A 款式服装x 件(x 取整数,且5≤x ≤30),则分配给甲店铺B 款式服装(30x -)件,分配给乙店铺A 款式服装(35-x )件,分配给乙店铺B 款式服装[25-(30x -)]= (x 5-)件,总毛利润(设为y 总)为:y 总=30x +40(30x -)+27(35x -)+36(x 5-)= x -+1 965.………………………4分 乙店铺的毛利润(设为y 乙)应满足:y 乙=27(35x -)+36(x 5-)≥950,得x ≥9520.…………………………………3分 对于y 总=x -+1 965,y 总随着x 的增大而减小,要使y 总最大,x 必须取最小值,又x ≥9520,故取x =21.即分配给甲店铺A ,B 两种款式服装分别为21件和9件,分配给乙店铺A ,B 两种款式服装分别为14件和16件,此时既保证了乙店铺获毛利润不小于950元,又保证了在此前提下王老板获取的总毛利润最大, ………………………………………3分 其最大的总毛利润为:y 总最大=21-+1 965=1 944(元).…………………………2分n -1 (第17题)17.(12分)解:(1) 一个圆沿着线段的一个端点无滑动地滚动到另一个端点,圆自身转动的圈数=(线段的长度÷圆的周长)圈.因此若不考虑⊙O 滚动经过n 个顶点的情况,则⊙O 自身恰好转动了一圈. ……………………………………………3分现证明,当⊙O 在某边的一端,滚动经过该端点(即顶点)时,⊙O 自身转动的角度恰好等于n 边形在这个顶点的一个外角. 如图所示,设∠A 2 A 1 A n 为钝角,已知A n A 1是⊙O 的切线,⊙O 滚动经过端点A 1后到⊙O '的位置,此时A 1A 2是⊙O '的切线,因此OA 1⊥A n A 1,O 'A 1⊥A 1 A 2.当⊙O 转动至⊙O '时,则∠γ 就是⊙O 自身转动的角度.∵∠γ +∠β =90º,∠α+∠β =90º,∴∠γ =∠α .即⊙O 滚动经过顶点A 1自身转动的角度恰好等于顶点A 1的一个外角. ………………………3分 对于顶点是锐角或直角的情况,类似可证.(注:只证明直角的情况,只给2分) ∵ 凸n 边形的外角和为360º,∴ ⊙O 滚动经过n 个顶点自身又转动了一圈.………………………………3分 ∴ ⊙O 自身转动了两圈.(2) ⊙O 自身转动的圈数是)1(+ab 圈. …………………………………………3分 18.(14分)解:(1) 该二次函数图象的顶点P 是在某条抛物线上. ……………………2分求该抛物线的函数表达式如下:利用配方,得y =(x +m +1)2m m 32--,顶点坐标是P (1--m ,m m 32--).……………………2分方法一:分别取m =0,1-,1,得到三个顶点坐标是P 1(1-,0)、P 2(0,2)、 P 3(2-,4-),过这三个顶点的二次函数的表达式是y =2x -+x +2. …………3分 将顶点坐标P (1--m ,m m 32--)代入y =-x 2+x +2的左右两边,左边=m m 32--, 右边=(-1--m )2+(1--m )+2=m m 32--,∴ 左边=右边.即无论m 取何值,顶点P 都在抛物线y =2x -+x +2上.即所求抛物线的函数表达式是y =2x -+x +2.…3分 (注:如果没有“左边=右边”的证明,那么解法一最多只能得4分)方法二:令1--m =x ,将m =1--x 代入m m 32--,得(-1--x )2-3(1--x )=2x -+x +2.………………………………………………3分 即所求抛物线的函数表达式是y =2x -+x +2上. ………………………………3分(2) 如果顶点P (1--m ,m m 32--)在直线y =x +1上,则m m 32--=1--m +1, …………………………………2分即m m 22-=. ∴ m =0或 m =2-.∴当直线y =x +1经过二次函数y =x 2+2(m +1)x m -+1图象的顶点P 时,m 的值是2-或0. ………………2分。

noip2006初赛试题及答案

noip2006初赛试题及答案

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题(普及组Pascal语言二小时完成)●●全部试题答案均要求写在答卷纸上,写在试卷纸上一律无效●●一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)。

由收集1.在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A.沃尔夫奖B.诺贝尔奖C.菲尔兹奖D.图灵奖2.在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A.gcc/g++B.Turbo PascalC.RHIDED.free pascal3.以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A.寄存器B.ROMC.RAMD.高速缓存4.Linux是一种()。

A.绘图软件B.程序设计语言C.操作系统D.网络浏览器5.CPU是()的简称。

A.硬盘B.中央处理器C.高级程序语言D.核心寄存器6.在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A.防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C.防止计算机死机D.防止使用者误删除数据由收集7.在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A.Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B.高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C.C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D.与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8.在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A.一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B.算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C.判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D.目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9.在下列各种排序算法中,不是以“比较”作为主要操作的算法是()。

A.选择排序B.冒泡排序C.插入排序D.基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是Pascal),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000的double型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

2006年全国初中数学联赛试题及解答

2006年全国初中数学联赛试题及解答

2006年全国初中数学联赛试题第一试一、选择题(每小题7分,共42分)1.已知四边形ABCD 为任意凸四边形,E 、F 、G 、H 分别是边AB 、BC 、EF 、GH 、CD 、DA 的中点,用S,P 分别表示四边形的面积和周长;S 1,P 1分别表示四边形的面积和周长.设,1S S K =,11P P K =则下面关于K 、K 1的说法中,正确的是( ). A. K 、K 1均为常值 B. K 为常值,K 1不为常值C. K 1为常值,K 不为常值D. K 、K 1均不为常值2.已知m 为实数,且sin α、cos α是关于x 的方程 3x 2-mx +1=0的两根.则sin 4α+cos 4α的值为( ).A. 29B. 13C. 79D. 13.关于x 的方程a x x =−|1|2仅有两个不同的实根,则实数a 的取值范围是( ). a A. a > 0 B. a ≥4 C. 2<a <4 D. 0<a <44. 设b > 0,,则实数a 、b 、c 的大小关系是( ).,0222=+−c ab a 2a bc >A.b>c> a B. c >a >b C. a >b >c D. b >a >c5. a 、b 为有理数,且满足等式 324163++⋅=+b a ,则a +b 的值为( ).A. 2B. 4C. 6D. 86.将满足条件“至少出现一个数字0且是4的倍数的正整数”从小到大排成一列数:20,,40,60,80,100,104,….则这列数中的笫158个数为( ).A. 2000B. 2004C. 2008D. 2012二、填空题(每小题7分,共28分)1.函数的图像与x 轴交点的横坐标之和等于________. 2008||20062+−=x x y2.在等腰Rt ΔABC 中,AC=BC=1,M 是BC 的中点,CE ⊥AM 于点E ,交AB 于点F .则S ΔMBF =________.3.使16)8(422+−++x x 取最小值的实数x 的值为________.4.在平面直角坐标系中,正方形OABC 的顶点坐标分别为O (0,0),A (100,0),B (100,100),C (0,100). 若正方形OABC 内部(边界及顶点除外)一格点P 满足: S ΔPO A ·S ΔPBC = S ΔPAB ·S ΔPOC , 就称格点为“好点”.则正方形内部好点的个数为_______.(注:所谓格点,是指在平面直角坐标系中横、纵坐标均为整数的点.)第二试(A)一、(20分)已知关于x 的一元二次方程无相异两实根.则满足条件的有序正整数组(a ,b )有多少组?0)994()32(2222=++++++b a x b a x二、(25分)如图,D 为等腰ΔABC 底边BC 的中点,E 、F 分别为AC 及其延长线上的点.已知∠EDF =90º,ED = DF =1,AD =5,求线段BC 的长.三、(25分)如图,在平行四边形ABCD 中,∠A 的平分线分别与BC 、DC 的延长线交于点E 、F ,点O 、O 1分别为ΔCEF 、ΔABE 的外心.求证:(1)O 、E 、O 1三点共线;(2)∠OBD =21∠ABC .第二试(B)一、(20分)同A 卷第一题.二、(25分)同A 卷第二题.三、(25分)如图,在平行四边形ABCD 中,∠A 的平分线分别与BC 、DC 的延长线交于点E 、F ,点O 、O 1分别为ΔCEF 、ΔABE 的外心.(1)求证:O 、E 、O 1三点共线;(2)若21∠ABC =70º,求∠OBD 的度数.第二试(C)一、(20分)同A 卷第二题.二、(25分)同B 卷第三题.三、(25分)设p 为正整数,且p ≥2.在平面直角坐标系中,点A (0,p )和点B (p ,0)的连线段通过p-1个格点, C 1 (1, p −1),…, C i (i ,p −i ),…,C p −1 (p −1,1). 证明: (1)若p 为质数,则在原点(0,0)与点C i (i ,p −i ) 的连线段OC i (i =1,2,…,p −1)上除端点外无其他格点;(2)若在原点O (0,0)与点C i (i ,p −i )的连线段OC i (i =1,2,…,p −1)上除端点外无其他格点,则p 为质数.2006年全国初中数学联赛答案第一试一、选择题1.B如图,易知 S ΔAEH =41S ΔABD , S ΔCFG=41S ΔCBD , 于是 S ΔAEH + S ΔCFG = 41S ABCD , 同理,故S ΔBEF + S ΔDHG = 41S ABCD ,故S ΔEFGH = 21S ABCD 即 k =2为常值. 又易知,P 1=AC +BD,特别地,若取邻边长分别为1、2的矩形,则k 1=;53 再取邻边长分别为1、的矩形,则k 1=,104故k 不是常值. 2. C 由根与系数的关系知 sin α·cos α =31 , 则有sin 4α+cos 4α = (sin 2α+cos 2α)2 -2(sin α·cos α)2 = ,97 3. D当a<0时,无解; 当a=0时,x=0; 不合题意;当a >0时,原方程化为a x x ±=−12整理得 x 2-ax+a=0(1)或x 2+ax-a=0(2)因为方程(2)的判别式⊿2=a 2+4a>0, 即方程(2)有两个不同实根。

2006年NOIP普及组初赛试题及参考答案

2006年NOIP普及组初赛试题及参考答案
普及组2006年初赛
一、选择题 二、问题解答 三、程序阅读 四、程序完善
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一、选择题
1. 在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做 出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是( )。 A. 沃尔夫奖 B. 诺贝尔奖 C. 菲尔兹奖 D. 图灵奖
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一、选择题
2. 在下列各软件中,不属于 NOIP 竞赛(复赛)推荐使用 的语言环境有( )。 A. gcc/g++ B. Turbo Pascal C. RHIDE D. free pascal
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参考答案
一、选择题
1:D 2:B 3:B 4:C 5:B 6:B 7:C 8:A 9:D 10:D 11:C 12:D 13:C 14:B 15:C 16:B 17:B 18:A 19:C 20:B
二、问题解答 1:4次 第一步分3组:27,26,26,将前两组放天平上 2:有获胜策略,第一次在5堆中取32颗石子 三:程序阅读 1、10,10 2:2 6 496 8128 33550336 3:5 4:6 2 5 4 3 7 9 9 7 3 4 5 2 6 四、程序完善 1: k==n count%5==0 perk(k+1) a[k]=a[ j];a[ j]=t perk(1) 2: break t%50==0 a-p*b c*10+1 --n
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一、选择题
6. 在计算机中,防火墙的作用是( )。 A. 防止火灾蔓延 B. 防止网络攻击 C. 防止计算机死机 D. 防止使用者误删除数据
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一、选择题
7. 在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是( )。 A. Pascal 和 C 都是编译执行的高级语言 B. 高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到 另一种计算机上 C. C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言 D. 与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读

06全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题及答案

06全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题及答案

2006 National English Contest for College Students(Level A - Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points )Section A Short Conversations (6 points )Directions:In this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. Keys and a purse. B. Glasses and keys.C. Glasses and a bag.D. Glasses, keys and a purse.2. A. A plate. B. A table. C. A lamp. D. A phone.3. A. They are under the chair by the television.B. They are under the chair with the rubbish.C. They are beside the television.D. They are by the door with the rubbish.4. A. Grapes and oranges. B. Grapes and apples.C. Bananas and grapes.D. Bananas and oranges.5. A. Five to three. B. Five past three.C. Twenty five to three.D. Twenty five past three.6. A. The restaurant. B. The market. C. The cinema. D. The sports center.Section B Long Conversation (4 points )Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. At the end of the conversation, 4 questions will be asked about what was said. You will hear both the conversation and the questions only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.7. A. £6. B. £16. C. £60. D. £66.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.9. A. In a photographer's stuido. B. In the library.C. In the post office.D. In the shopping center.10. A. A letter from her college. B. Her passport.C. Her student card.D. Her driving licence.Section C News Items (10 points) Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short pieces of news from BBC or VOA. After each news item and question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. A. 6. B. 16. C. 60.12. A. To bring more foreign language speakers into government service.B. To promote trade with foreign countries.C. To make people learn foreign languages at an early age.13. A. An hour. B. More than an hour. C. Less than an hour.14. A. To get publicity for their cause.B. To get some money for their group.C. To get more rights for their group.15. A. Ticket prices have been falling and their incomes rising.B. Aviation fuel is becoming less expensive.C. British people prefer to travel by plane.16. A. More than eighty thousand.B. More than sixty-two thousand.C. More than fifty-three thousand.17. A. 30. B. 27. C. 57.18. A. Baton Rouge. B. Louisiana. C. Atlanta.19. A. Reduce violations of intellectual property rights.B. Controll the growing population.C. Working together to fight terrorism.20. A. Workers and policemen.B. Farmers and the unemployed.C. Workers and farmers.Section D Passages (10 points) Directions:In this section, you will hear 2 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear 4 or 6 questions. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 24 are based on the passage you have just heard.21. A. He is very thin. B. He is very tall. C. He is very short. D. He is very fat.22. A. He met a cook from a restaurant.B. He met a man who had a farm.C. He met two fat farmers.D. He met a farmer and his wife.23. A. He wanted to have something to eat for lunch.B. He wanted to go to a restaurant for dinner.C. He wanted to make a cup of coffee.D. He wanted to do some farm work.24. A. He wanted some green beans. B. He wanted a big steak.C. He wanted some cake and coffee.D. He wanted lots of potatoes.Passage TwoQuestions 25 to 30 are based on the passage you have just heard.25. A. Last week. B. Three weeks ago. C. Two months ago. D. Three years ago.26. A. By coach. B. By bus. C. By car. D. By train.27. A. 9 am to 9 pm. B. 10 am to 8 pm. C. 10 am to 9 pm. D. 10 am to 10 pm.28. A. Get information. B. Watch a film. C. Find a bank. D. Buy some shoes.29. A. Feed the ducks. B. Take a bus ride round the lake.C. Go swimming.D. Go sailing.30. A. There was nowhere to put the rubbish.B. There were not enough cleaners.C. The food in the café was disappointing.D. The service in the shops was slow.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (5 minutes, 10 points) Directions:There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. I can't agree with my Mum. I think that such an old-fashioned dress can't cost a ______. She says 100 pounds is a real _______.A. lot of money; luckB. bargain; luckC. fortune; bargainD. big sum; fortune32. _______ is on the rise, with over 20% of serious crimes being committed by children under the age of seventeen.A. Junior crimeB. Juvenile delinquencyC. Minor crimeD. Senior delinquency33. The Smiths were leaving that _______ town. Everybody wanted to escape its noise and pollution and was looking forward to a ______ country life.A. crowded; peacefulB. deserted; peacefulC. desert; thrillingD. empty; sour34. When I first began writing poetry, I think the poets that I had studied at school _______ my approach and the things I wrote about.A. communicatedB. impressedC. influencedD. discussed35. She is an excellent teacher who has taught in four schools. ______ she taught, her principals had a high opinion of her.A. WhereverB. EverywhereC. Inasmuch asD. In such schools that36. My friend Tanya ______ Japanese for six years before she _______ Japan. I've just received a letter from her. It says she has been studying Chinese for three months and ______ for China in a month.A. had been studying; visited; is leavingB. studied; had visited; will live inC. has studied; visited; would leaveD. was studying; has visited; leaves37. At the last place Gary worked, they ______ an annual company picnic. All the employees _______ bring their families along and spend the day at a nearby park. It was great.A. had to have; had toB. used to have; couldn'tC. would have; didn't have toD. used to have; would38. They _____ such a big van _______ the price of gas would skyrocket.A. would have bought; if they knewB. wouldn't have bought; had they knownC. wouldn't have bought; if had they knownD. wouldn't have bought; did they know39. We're going to paint the town ______ to celebrate our win.A. blueB. purpleC. goldD. red40. Written in central Canada in the early part of the twentieth century, _______, depicts life in Manitoda.A. The Midnight Sun was Victor Frank's last novelB. Victor Frank's last novel was The Midnight SunC. The Midnight Sun, which was Victor Frank's last novelD. Which was Victor Frank's last novel, The Midnight SunPart III Situational Dialogues (5 minutes, 5 points) Directions: There are 5 incomplete dialogues in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. Dan: Have you ever participated in a risky sport?Kay: Yes, I like hang gliding. It's fantastic to be able to fly like a bird. Though landing is sometimes difficult, I've always felt hang gliding is quite safe.Dan: ____________________________________Kay: I've never been seriously injured. Maybe I've just been lucky. Once, my glider turned upside down, and I lost control. I almost crashed, but I parachuted away just in time.A. What sports are risky?B. Do you ever get into some difficult situations?C. Have you ever hurt yourself in an accident?D. Have you ever been to a sports centre?42. Lucy: What made you leave such a large company?Ken: My work there was so boring. I couldn't do anything myself. I always had to have my boss' approval. So I decided to get a new job at Coricom, a small venture company.Lucy: ____________________________________Ken: The work here is very challenging, which suits me. We always have to cope with dynamic working conditions. And, since there are not many people in this company, we understand each other very well and feel like we are all in the same family.A. What's the hardest part of your new job?B. How do you like your new job?C. Tell me about what you liked at the large company.D. Tell me about what you liked in your university.43. Julio: ____________________________________Officer: Well, first, you write and get an application form. Then, you send it in with a copy of your school records. And after that, you ask your teachers for some letters of recommendation.Julio: Are foreign students allowed to work in the States?Officer: They'll only let you work in the summer. And you'll need to get permission from the U.S. Officer of Immigration to do that. During the school year you're not allowed to work unless the work experience is part of your school program.A. Is it all right to apply to several universities at the same time?B. I'd like to get some information on how to get into an American university.C. When can I apply for that?D. I'd like to get some information on how to get a travel card.44. Bob: ____________________________________Jane: My first book was Trapped in a Cave, a true story about two boys who got trapped in an underground cave for five days without food, water or light. Next I wrote the current twelve volumes of Real Kids, Real Adventures. Right now I'm working on the next two Real Kids, Real Adventures books.Bob: ____________________________________Jane: If I'm looking for a specific kind of story - for instance a child who survived being struck by lightning - I'll go to the library and use Newsbank, keying in on words like “lightning” and “child”. Mostly, though, I get tips from kids who read the Real Kids, Real Adventures books and send notes or newspaper clippings.A. Can you tell me about the books you've written so far? ; Where do you get your stories?B. What are your favorite books that you've read? ; Where do you get your stories?C. Can you tell me about the books you've written so far? ; What's the hardest part about being a writer?D. Where do you get your stories? ; What's the hardest part about being a writer?45. Lisa: ____________________________________Andy: I think people love to laugh. They want to laugh even in serious business presentations, in the classroom, seminar, and so on. When people laugh, they relax. And they can remember you and your message better.Lisa: ____________________________________Andy: Most people give a summary at the end of their speech. But, in my opinion, a summary at the end only distracts from a good presentation. I want to give people a chance to think about the topic, so I finish my speech with some questions.A. Could you tell me how to introduce speakers? ; How do you end your speech?B. Could you tell me how to introduce speakers? ; Do you think the title of a speech is important?C. How do you end your speech? ; Do you think the title of a speech is important?D. Why do you use so many jokes in your speech? ; How do you end your speech?Part IV IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 points) Directions:There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B,C and D. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. What is the minimum number of matches you can remove from this diagram to leave just 2 squares?A. 2.B. 4.C. 6.D. 8.47. Which of the bottom watches completes the sequence?48. Which of these cubes cannot be formed from this web?49. How many circles contain a dot?A. 12.B. 11.C. 10.D. 13.50. Each symbol in this table has a value. The total of these values in each row and column is written at the end of the corresponding row or column. Can you find the value of each symbol?A. Triangle = 6.5, Square = 4.2, Diamond = 5.8, Circle = 11.4B. Triangle = 7.5, Square = 5.2, Diamond = 6.8, Circle = 12.4C. Triangle = 8.5, Square = 5.2, Diamond = 6.8, Circle = 13.4D. Triangle = 5.5, Square = 3.2, Diamond = 4.8, Circle = 10.4Part V Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 40 points) Section A Multiple Choice (5 points)Directions:There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 51-55 are based on the following passage.I was dirty, smelly, hungry and somewhere beneath all that, suntanned. It was the end of an Inter-Rail holiday. My body couldn't take any more punishment. My mind couldn't deal with any more foreign timetables, currencies or languages.“Never again,” I said, as I stepped onto home ground. I said exactly the same thing the following year. And the next. All I had to do was buy one train ticket and, because I was under twenty-five years old, I could spend a whole month going anywhere I wanted in Europe. Ordinary beds are never the same once you've learnt to sleep in the corridor of a train, the rhythm rocking you into a deep sleep.Carrying all your possessions on your back in a rucksack makes you have a very basic approach to travel, and encourages incredible wastefulness that can lead to burning socks that have become too anti-social, and getting rid of books when finished. On the other hand, this way of looking at life is entirely in the spirit of Inter-Rail, for common sense and reasoning can be thrown out of the window along with the paperback book and the socks. All it takes to achieve this carefree attitude is one of those tickets in your hand.Any system that enables young people to travel through countries at a rate of more than one a day must be pretty special. On that first trip, my friends and I were at first unaware of the possibilities of this type of train ticket, thinking it was just an inexpensive way of getting to and from our chosen camp-site in southern France. But the idea of non-stop travel proved too tempting, for there was always just one more country over the border, always that little bit further to go. And what did the extra miles cost us? Nothing.We were not completely uninterested in culture. But this was a first holiday without parents, as it was for most other Inter-Railers, and in organizing our own timetable we left out everything except the most immediately available sights. This was the chance to escape the guided tour, an opportunity to do something different. I took great pride in the fact that, in many places, all I could be bothered to see was the view from the station. We were just there to get by, and to have a good time doing so. In this we were no different from most of the other Inter-Railers with whom we shared corridor floors, food and water, money and music.The excitement of travel comes from the sudden reality of somewhere that was previously just a name. It is as if the city in which you arrive never actually existed until the train pulls in at the station and you are able to see it with your own tired eyes for the first time.Questions:51. At the end of his first trip, the writer said “Never again” because _______.A. he felt illB. he disliked trainsC. he was tired from the journeyD. he had lost money52. What does the writer mean by “this way of looking at life” in Paragraph 3?A. Worrying about your clothes.B. Throwing unwanted things away.C. Behaving in an anti-social way.D. Looking after your possessions.53. Why did the writer originally buy an Inter-Rail ticket?A. To get to one place cheaply.B. To meet other young people.C. To see a lot of famous places.D. To go on a tour of Europe.54. What the writer liked about traveling without his parents was that _______ .A. he could see more interesting placesB. he could spend more time sightseeingC. he could stay away from home longerD. he could make his own decisions55. What does “it” in Line 3, Paragraph 6, refer to?A. A name.B. The city.C. The train.D. The station.Section B Yes / No / Not given (5 points) Directions: In this part, you will have 5 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet. For questions 56 - 60, markY (for Yes) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.Statements:56. In August, four people visiting the centre together by car have to pay more than two people.57. The centre has special equipment for people who learn to sail.58. The adventure course is suitable for beginners.59. The centre is planning to add extra facilities to the Play Park.60. Summer adventure holidays are open to any child between eight and fourteen years who can swim.Section C Short Answer Questions (20 points) Directions:In this section, there are 2 passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. Read the passages carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 61-65 are based on the following passage.Going to the beach is many Americans' favorite activity. In the area near New York City, nine million people used to go to the beach every summer. They went swimming in the ocean without giving a thought to what was underwater.But those days are long gone.In the summer of 1988,the government was forced to shut down beaches all over America.Many of the beaches had to be closed because garbage from hospitals was found in the water.The garbage included glass bottles with samples of blood,and people were afraid they might get AIDS from the blood.Where the medical garbage came from is anybody's guess.At some beaches,sewage (生活污水)was found in the water.Americans were shocked by this state of affairs.They had long taken for granted that oceans were big enough to stay clean,even if garbage and sewage were dumped into them.People didn't think of the underwater garbage because it was out of sight.Some of the most polluted waters still look beautiful at first glance.San Francisco Bay is a good example of a beautiful bay that's full of chemicals.Scientists discovered pollution in some lakes and rivers when they found fish with rotting skin.In many parts of America,people are told not to eat too much fish because of pollution.Most American cities put their garbage in the ground.But New York and a few other cities put their garbage in the ocean.Boston Harbor is so polluted that scientists say it won't recover until the next century at best.The city of Boston puts its sewage in the water.The government has ordered the city to build a sewage treatment plant.Cleaning up oceans won't be easy,but people can no longer ignore this challenge.Questions:61. Most Americans used to go to the beach because of __________.62. Ocean waters around America have become polluted by __________.63. Some polluted waters are still beautiful because pollutants such as chemicals are hard to __________.64. If fish live in polluted waters people should not __________.65. The author of this passage seems to suggest that people should pay more attention to__________.Passage TwoQuestions 66-70 are based on the following passage.There are cockroaches (蟑螂) everywhere on Earth except the places that are covered with ice. Scientists have discovered about 3,500 different species of cockroach. There is just one human species! Cockroaches can be anything in size from about five mm to nine cm. Although five mm is very small, nine cm is as long as a large rat.It is very difficult to catch most cockroaches. They “see” with the hairs on their bodies. These hairs can feel the smallest movement in the air, so the cockroaches know immediately something moves, and run to safety.Of all the species of cockroach, fortunately only three live among humans and are a serious problem. They are the German, the Oriental, and the American. One egg case of the German cockroach can produce as many as seven million cockroaches in 12 months!Our main problem with cockroaches is that not only do they look ugly to us, but they also carry diseases. They are particularly dangerous in hospitals as they eat all kinds of hospital waste or get it on their bodies. They can then carry this waste, which may contain dangerous bacteria, on to food which is then eaten by people in the hospital.Most of the bacteria that cause food poisoning have been found in the stomachs of cockroaches, so it is important that cockroaches should be kept out of restaurants and other places where food is prepared.Many people work and try to destroy cockroaches, but as soon as they find one way of doing it, the cockroaches “learn” how to deal with it. Electricity does not always kill them an d they can avoid most poisons or “learn” how to deal with others. At one time, scientists thought that radiation would kill them, but they have been on Earth for about 300 million years, and it does not harm them as much as it does us.It seems probable that when there are no longer human beings living on the Earth, cockroaches will still be here.Questions:66. Cockroaches do not live in places where it is __________.67. Cockroaches know that someone or something is near because __________.68. Cockroaches can __________ because they carry bacteria.69. Paragraph 6 says that it is very difficult to __________.70. The passage is mainly about __________.Section D Summary (10 points) Directions:In this part, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary with the appropriate words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 71-75 are based on the following passage.Cosmetics have been used throughout history. The ancient Greeks, the Egyptians, and the Romans all used various kinds of makeup. Some of these cosmetics were used to improve their appearance. Others were used to protect their skin. But in some cases, things used for makeup were dangerous, or even deadly!Some of the first skin care treatments started in Egypt. In fact, Cleopatra was known to use them. She thought a bath in milk and honey left her skin silky smooth. Egyptians also developed some of the earliest sunscreens. They used oils and creams for protection against the sun and dry winds. Egyptian and other ancient cultures also used various powders on their skin for beauty. Egyptians used black kohl around theireyes. Romans put white chalk on their faces. And Indians painted red henna on their bodies.Most of the ancient cosmetic powders, oils, and creams were harmless. But in the name of beauty, some people applied dangerous chemicals and poisons to their skin. During the Italian Renaissance, women wore white powder made of lead on their faces. Of course, doctors now know lead is like a poison for our bodies.Also around the time of the Renaissance, women in Italy put drops of belladonna in their eyes. Belladonna is a very poisonous plant. The poison in the plant affects the nerves in the body. By putting belladonna drops in her eyes, a woman's pupils would become very large. People thought this made her more beautiful. Actually, this is why the plant is called belladonna. In Italian, belladonna means “beautiful woman.”When Elizabeth I was queen of England in the late 1500s, some rather dangerous cosmetics were also used by women there. Women were using rouge made with mercury. They were also using special hair dye made with lead and sulphur. The dye was designed to give people red hair, the same color as the queen's hair. Over time, the dye made people's hair fall out. Finally, women using this dye ended up bald, like the queen, and had to wear wigs.Summary:Although people have used cosmetics throughout history, not all of them have been safe. In fact, some of them have been quite (71)__________ to people. For example, long ago in Italian (72)__________, people thought women with big pupils were beautiful. Therefore, in the (73)__________ of beauty, women began to put (74)__________ of belladonna in their eyes to make their pupils larger. Today we know belladonna is poisonous, and it can affect the (75)__________ in the body.Part VI Cloze (10 minutes, 15 points) Directions: There are 15 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.I'm really in two minds about what to do when I leave school. Should I go straight to university or should I spend a year travelling (76) a the world?First of all, there are so many (77) ben of going straight to university.The most important point is that the (78) s I get my qualifications, the quicker I'll get a job and start earning.In my opinion, starting work and making (79)m is one of the most important things in life.And I'm not (80) al in this opinion. Many consider a sound (81)ca and a good salary to be an important goal.Secondly, if I go straight to university, I'll learn so many things that will help me in my future life.It is often said that knowledge is the key to power, and I cannot (82) dis with this.(83)M , I'll be able to take part in the social activities that the university offers, and meet lots of new friends who share the same interests.However, it could also be (84)ar that I would meet lots of interesting people while I was traveling.(85) Fur , if I spent a year travelling, I would learn more about the world.On the one hand, I would experience lots of different (86) c .On the other hand, I could end up suffering from culture shock, homesickness and some (87) str tropical diseases.Nevertheless, these inconveniences would be an inevitable part of travelling and would be greatly (88) out by the advantages.(89) Unf , another point is that if I spent a year traveling I would need a lot of money.But I (90)b it would be easy to make a bit while I was travelling, giving English lessons or working in hotels and shops.Part VII Translation (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A English-Chinese Translation (10 points) Directions: Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.In such a changing, complex society, formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. (91) Many of life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War II. (92) As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, and their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.Adding to social changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. (93) The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming.Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before. Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information. (94) Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and, very shortly, electronic mail, to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared worldwide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and / or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. (95) Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. “Knowledge is power” may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people.Section B Chinese-English Translation (5 points) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.96. 毫无疑问,有了计算机的帮助,人们能生活得更容易。

NOIP2006普及其组C题目及其规范标准答案

NOIP2006普及其组C题目及其规范标准答案

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题 2006(普及组C++ 语言二小时完成)●●全部试题答案均要求写在答卷纸上,写在试卷纸上一律无效●●一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)1. 在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A. 沃尔夫奖B. 诺贝尔奖C. 菲尔兹奖D. 图灵奖2. 在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A. gcc/g++B. Turbo PascalC. RHIDED. free pascal3. 以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A. 寄存器B. ROMC. RAMD. 高速缓存4.Linux是一种( )。

A. 绘图软件B. 程序设计语言C. 操作系统D. 网络浏览器5. CPU是( )的简称。

A. 硬盘B. 中央处理器C. 高级程序语言D. 核心寄存器6. 在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A. 防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C. 防止计算机死机D. 防止使用者误删除数据7. 在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B. 高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C. C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D. 与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8. 在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. 一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B. 算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C. 判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D. 目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9. 在下列各种排序算法中,不是以“比较”作为主要操作的算法是()。

A. 选择排序B. 冒泡排序C. 插入排序D. 基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是C++),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000的double型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

2006初赛考题

2006初赛考题

2006年全國高中職力學競賽初賽考題全部是單選題,共20題,答對給題分,未答給0分,答錯倒扣題分之1/5,共4頁,請將適當的答案填入本競賽所發給的答案卡內1 .(4分) 在彈簧磅秤S2上放置盛有水的燒杯,燒杯連同水總重為600 gw;另有一彈簧吊秤S1吊了一金屬球,金屬球重40 gw,體積10 cm3。

今將金屬球浸入燒杯水中,如右圖(1)所示。

則當指針穩定後,兩彈簧秤S1與S2所顯示的重量分別為(A)0 gw與640 gw(B)10 gw與630 gw(C)20 gw與620 gw(D)30 gw與610 gw(E)40 gw與600 gw。

2. .(6分) 右圖(2)為一個邊長0.125 m,比重0.8的正方體木塊在水面上做小幅度振動。

重力加速度若以10 m/s2計,則木塊振動週期約為(A)π秒(B)0.5π秒(C)0.2π秒(D)0.1π秒(E)0.05π秒。

3. (5分) 質量m,半徑為R的球放在同質量、半徑為2R的薄球殼內,並靜置於水平光滑桌面上,如右圖(3)所示。

然後球被釋放並在球殼內來回滾動,最後靜止於底部;同時球殼也會左右移動,最後靜止於某一位置。

請問最後球殼與桌面的接觸點與原來的接觸點相差了多少?(A)R(B)R/2(C)R/4(D)3R/8(E)R/8。

4. (4分) 右圖(4)是用電動砂輪打磨工件的裝置,砂輪的轉軸通過圖中O點,AB是一長度L = 0.60 m,質量m1= 0.50 kg的均勻剛性細杆,並且可繞著A點無摩擦地自由轉動。

工件C被固定在AB杆上,其質量m2= 1.5 kg,工件的重心、工件與砂輪的接觸點P以及O點都在通過AB中點的垂直線上,P到AB杆的垂直距離d = 0.2 m。

假設AB杆始終保持水平,砂輪與工件之間的動摩擦係數μ= 0.15,而砂輪逆時針轉動。

要使工件對砂輪的正壓力達到100 N 時,則施於B端鉛直向下的力F B是(A)40 N(B)35 N(C)30 N(D)25 N(E)20 N。

NOIP2006 普及组试题

NOIP2006 普及组试题

第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛复赛试题(NOIP2006普及组)竞赛时间:2006年11月18日下午1:30-4:30关于竞赛中不同语言使用限制的说明一.关于使用Pascal语言与编译结果的说明1.对于Pascal语言的程序,当使用IDE和fpc编译结果不一致时,以fpc的编译结果为准。

2.允许使用数学库(uses math子句),以及ansistring。

但不允许使用编译开关(最后测试时pascal 的范围检查开关默认关闭:{$R-,Q-,S-}),也不支持与优化相关的选项。

二.关于C++语言中模板使用的限制说明1.允许使用的部分:标准容器中的布尔集合,迭代器,串,流。

相关的头文件:<bitset > <iterator > <string > <iostream >2.禁止使用的部分:序列:vector,list,deque序列适配器:stack, queue, priority_queue关联容器:map, multimap, set, multiset拟容器:valarray散列容器:hash_map, hash_set, hash_multimap, hash_multiset所有的标准库算法相关头文件:<vector > <list > <deque > <stack > <map > <set > <algorithm >1.明明的随机数(random.pas/c/cpp)【问题描述】明明想在学校中请一些同学一起做一项问卷调查,为了实验的客观性,他先用计算机生成了N 个1到1000之间的随机整数(N≤100),对于其中重复的数字,只保留一个,把其余相同的数去掉,不同的数对应着不同的学生的学号。

然后再把这些数从小到大排序,按照排好的顺序去找同学做调查。

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第十二届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛试题(普及组Pascal 语言二小时完成)● ● 全部试题答案均要求写在答卷纸上,写在试卷纸上一律无效●●一、单项选择题(共20题,每题1.5分,共计30分。

每题有且仅有一个正确答案.)。

1. 在下面各世界顶级的奖项中,为计算机科学与技术领域做出杰出贡献的科学家设立的奖项是()。

A. 沃尔夫奖B. 诺贝尔奖C. 菲尔兹奖D. 图灵奖2. 在下列各软件中,不属于NOIP竞赛(复赛)推荐使用的语言环境有()。

A. gcc/g++B. Turbo PascalC. RHIDED. free pascal3. 以下断电之后仍能保存数据的有()。

A. 寄存器B. ROMC. RAMD. 高速缓存4.Linux是一种( )。

A. 绘图软件B. 程序设计语言C. 操作系统D. 网络浏览器5. CPU是( )的简称。

A. 硬盘B. 中央处理器C. 高级程序语言D. 核心寄存器6. 在计算机中,防火墙的作用是()。

A. 防止火灾蔓延B.防止网络攻击C. 防止计算机死机D. 防止使用者误删除数据7. 在下列关于计算机语言的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. Pascal和C都是编译执行的高级语言B. 高级语言程序比汇编语言程序更容易从一种计算机移植到另一种计算机上C. C++是历史上的第一个支持面向对象的计算机语言D. 与汇编语言相比,高级语言程序更容易阅读8. 在下列关于计算机算法的说法中,不正确的是()。

A. 一个正确的算法至少要有一个输入B. 算法的改进,在很大程度上推动了计算机科学与技术的进步C. 判断一个算法的好坏的主要标准是算法的时间复杂性与空间复杂性D. 目前仍然存在许多涉及到国计民生的重大课题,还没有找到能够在计算机上实施的有效算法9. 在下列各种排序算法中,不是以"比较"作为主要操作的算法是()。

A. 选择排序B. 冒泡排序C. 插入排序D. 基数排序10.在编程时(使用任一种高级语言,不一定是Pascal),如果需要从磁盘文件中输入一个很大的二维数组(例如1000*1000的double型数组),按行读(即外层循环是关于行的)与按列读(即外层循环是关于列的)相比,在输入效率上()。

A. 没有区别B. 按行读的方式要高一些C. 按列读的方式要高一些D. 取决于数组的存储方式。

11.在Pascal语言中,表达式(21 xor 2)的值是()A. 441B. 42C.23D.2412.在Pascal语言中,判断a不等于0且b不等于0的正确的条件表达式是()A. not a=0 or not b=0B. not((a=0)and(b=0))C. not(a=0 and b=0)D. (a<>0)and (b<>0)13.某个车站呈狭长形,宽度只能容下一台车,并且只有一个出入口。

已知某时刻该车站状态为空,从这一时刻开始的出入记录为:"进,出,进,进,进,出,出,进,进,进,出,出"。

假设车辆入站的顺序为1,2,3,……,则车辆出站的顺序为()。

A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5B. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7C. 1, 4, 3, 7, 6D. 1, 4, 3, 7, 214.高度为n的均衡的二叉树是指:如果去掉叶结点及相应的树枝,它应该是高度为n-1的满二叉树。

在这里,树高等于叶结点的最大深度,根结点的深度为0,如果某个均衡的二叉树共有2381个结点,则该树的树高为()。

A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 1315. 与十进制数1770 对应的八进制数是()。

A. 3350B. 3351C. 3352D. 354016.将5个数的序列排序,不论原先的顺序如何,最少都可以通过()次比较,完成从小到大的排序。

A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 917. 设A=B=D=true,C=false,以下逻辑运算表达式值为真的有()。

A. (A∧B)∨(C∧D)B. ((A∨B∨D)∧C)C. A∧(B∨C∨D)D. (A∧B∧C)∨D18. (2010)16 + (32)8的结果是()。

A. (8234)10B. (202B)16C. (20056)8D. (100000000110)219. 设栈S的初始状态为空,元素a, b, c, d, e 依次入栈,以下出栈序列不可能出现的有()。

A. a, b, c, e, dB. b, c, a, e, dC. a, e, c, b, dD. d, c, e, b, a20. 已知6个结点的二叉树的先根遍历是1 2 3 4 5 6(数字为结点的编号,以下同),后根遍历是3 2 5 6 4 1,则该二叉树的可能的中根遍历是()A. 3 2 1 4 6 5B. 3 2 1 5 4 6C. 2 1 3 5 4 6D. 2 3 1 4 6 5二.问题求解(共2题,每题5分,共计10分)1.(寻找假币)现有80枚硬币,其中有一枚是假币,其重量稍轻,所有真币的重量都相同,如果使用不带砝码的天平称重,最少需要称几次,就可以找出假币?你还要指出第1次的称重方法。

请写出你的结果:_________________________________________________。

2.(取石子游戏)现有5堆石子,石子数依次为3,5,7,19,50,甲乙两人轮流从任一堆中任取(每次只能取自一堆,不能不取), 取最后一颗石子的一方获胜。

甲先取,问甲有没有获胜策略(即无论乙怎样取,甲只要不失误,都能获胜)?如果有,甲第一步应该在哪一堆里取多少?请写出你的结果:_________________________________________________。

三.阅读程序写结果(共4题,每题8分,共计32分)1. Program ex301;varu:array[0..3] of integer;i,a,b,x,y:integer;beginy:=10;for i:=0 to 3 doread(u[i]);a:=(u[0]+u[1]+u[2]+u[3]) div 7;b:=u[0] div ((u[1]-u[2]) div u[3]);x:=(u[0]+a+2)-u[(u[3]+3) mod 4];if (x>10) theny:=y+(b*100-u[3]) div (u[u[0] mod 3]*5)elsey:=y+20+(b*100-u[3]) div (u[u[0] mod 3]*5);writeln (x,',',y);end. {*注:本例中,给定的输入数据可以避免分母为0或下标越界。

} 输入:9 3 9 4输出:_______________2.Program ex302;constm:array[0..4] of integer=(2,3,5,7,13);vari,j:integer;t: longint;beginfor i:=0 to 4 dobegint:=1;for j:=1 to m[i]-1 dot:=t*2;t:=(t*2-1)*t;write (t,' ');end;writeln;end.输出:____________________3.Program ex303;ConstNN=7;TypeArr1=array[0..30] of char;vars:arr1;k,p:integer;Function fun(s:arr1; a:char;n:integer):integer; varj:integer;beginj:=n;while (a<s[j])and(j>0) do dec(j);fun:=j;end;beginfor k:=1 to NN dos[k]:=chr(ord('A')+2*k+1);k:=fun(s,'M',NN);writeln(k);end.输出:_____________4.program ex304;varx,x2:longint;procedure digit(n,m:longint);var n2:integer;beginif(m>0) thenbeginn2:=n mod 10;write(n2:2);if(m>1) then digit(n div 10,m div 10);n2:=n mod 10;write(n2:2);end;end;beginwriteln('Input a number:');readln(x);x2:=1;while(x2<x) do x2:=x2*10;x2:=x2 div 10;digit(x,x2);writeln; 5end.输入:9734526输出:______________________________四.完善程序(前4空,每空2.5分,后6空,每空3分,共28分)1.(全排列)下面程序的功能是利用递归方法生成从1到n(n<10)的n个数的全部可能的排列(不一定按升序输出)。

例如,输入3,则应该输出(每行输出5个排列):123 132 213 231 321312程序:Program ex401;Vari,n,k:integer;a:array[1..10] of integer;count:longint; {变量count记录不同排列的个数,这里用于控制换行}Procedure perm(k:integer);var j,p,t:integer;beginif ①thenbegininc(count);for p:=1 to k dowrite(a[p]:1);write(' ');if ( ②) then writeln;exit;end;for j:=k to n dobegint:=a[k]; a[k]:=a[j]; a[j]:=t;③;t:=a[k]; ④;endend;beginwriteln('Entry n:');read(n);count:=0;for i:=1 to n do a[i]:=i;⑤;end.2. 由键盘输入一个奇数P (P<100,000,000),其个位数字不是5,求一个整数S,使P×S = 1111...1 ( 在给定的条件下,解S 必存在)。

要求在屏幕上依次输出以下结果:(1)S 的全部数字。

除最后一行外,每行输出50 位数字。

(2)乘积的数字位数。

例1:输入p=13,由于13*8547=111111,则应输出(1)8547,(2)6例2:输入p=147,则输出结果应为(1)755857898715041572184429327286470143613 (2)42,即等式的右端有42个1。

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