郑航2012.12四级听力辅导20套题简易答案
郑航2012.12大学英语四级---听力专项(Model Test 2)
2012年12月英语四级听力专项Model Test 2Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B）、C）and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Fifteen minutes.B) Half an hour.C) Forty-five minutes.D) Twenty minutes.12. A) 3 blocks ahead.B) On the 3rd Avenue.C) On the 5th Street.D) On the 15th Street.13. A) 20 people. B) 15 people.C) 30 people.D) 25 people.14. A) She cannot go with the man to Smithville. B) There is a new art supply store downtown.C) The store went out of business.D) The store’s location has changed.15. A) In an office.B) In a department store.C) In an airport.D) In a travel agency.16. A) Someone else told him Fred had called.B) It wasn’t really Fred who called.C) The man looked for Fred at the gym.D) Fred probably borrowed someone else’s sleeping bag.17. A) Seven dollars.B) Five dollars.C) Three dollars.D) Two dollars.18. A) She thinks the man is a good soccer player.B) She wants to watch her sister play.C) She knows the man’s sister.D) She isn’t interested in soccer.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Washington.B) Maryland.C) New York. D.D) D. Portland.20. A) Forty-five minutes in the morning.B) Fifty minutes in the evening.C) Twenty minutes if driving a car in the morning.D) Fifteen minutes in the evening.21. A) The man likes to drive to work.B) The woman drives to work everyday.C) The speakers are on holiday.D) The woman feels bored with the journey.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Why the man must take a science course.B) Which science teachers are the best.C) Which science course the man should take.D) Which science courses the woman has taken.23. A) Geology.B) Chemistry.C) Physics.D) Math.24. A) He has heard the teacher is poor.B) It won’t fit his schedule.C) He did badly in it in high school.D) The labs are too time-consuming.25. A) Astronomy.B) Physics.C) Chemistry.D) Biology.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Find out what caused the tides.B) Study the nature of light.C) Invent the first telescope.D) Develop the calculus.27. A) He became bottom of his class.B) He laughed at that boy.C) He became angry and fought back.D) He believed he was lazy and stupid.28. A) Wools Thorpe University.B) Grantham University.C) Cambridge University.D) Oxford University.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based as the passage you have just heard.29. A) England.B) Egypt.C) Japan.D) Spain.30. A) Irving was a British man.B) Irving’s background provides much to explain his literaryachievements.C) Irving’s works were only received enthusiastically in England.D) In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford.31. A) He only began to practice law late in his life.B) He spent very little time working as a lawyer.C) He never practiced law although he studies it.D) He worked as a lawyer with great enthusiasm.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Nuts.B) Roots.C) Grass.D) Dead animals.33. A) In the eighteenth century.B) In the nineteenth century.C) In the thirteenth century.D) In the fourteenth century.34. A) They were taller.B) They had shorter noses.C) They had stronger legs.D) They were heavier.35. A) There was no suitable food for them on most farms.B) They could find food themselves well enough in forest.C) It was difficult to develop improved types of pig.D) They did not grow well when kept indoors.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.How many of you drink Cola? Nearly everybody. Did you know that Cola started out not as a soft drink but as a (36) for headache in the late 1800s? John S. Pamberton, a druggist from Atlanta, had experimented for many months trying to find a cure for the (37) headache. He worked in his (38) , mixing and heating different mixture of oils and flavors until he found one that seemed to work well. Pamberton bottled the (39) and began selling it in drugstores as concentrated syrup that the (40) had tomix with water before drinking. Cola’s transformation from a (41) syrup to a carbonated soft drink came about quite by (42) . One day, acustomer came into a drugstore complaining of a (43) and asked for abottle of Cola syrup. He wanted to take it right away. So (44) .The clerk, instead of walking to the other end of the store to get water, suggested mixing the syrup with soda water. (45) .The clerk continued offering the mixture and carbonates cola grew in popularity. Today, (46).And although they no longer contain the ingredients used to cure headaches,they are still very refreshing.。
2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not bec ause they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。
2012年12月四级考试真题汇总版真题+听力原文+答案详解
2012年12月四级考试真题汇总版Part I Writing汀仁业弔分试!ML 聲题匸T I'.DirectionFor this part, you are allowed 30 minu tes to write a short essayentitled Education PaysYou should write at least 120 words but no more than Education PaysPart II Readi ng Comprehe nsion (Skim ming and Scanning)Why In tegrity MattersWhat is In tegrity?"Integrity" is defined as "adherenee to moral and ethical principles; The key to in tegrity is con siste ncy--not only sett ing high pers onal sta ndards for on eself (hon esty, resp on sibility, respect for others, fair ness) but also to those sta ndards each day. One who has in tegrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptati on.What happe ns if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical sta ndards? We feeldisappo in ted in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of in tegrity also affects our relati on ships with others. Trust is esse ntial in any importa nt relati on ship, whether pers onal or professi on al. Whoca n trust some one who is dish on est Thus, in tegrity must be one of our most importa nt goals.Risky Businesswwkiy gmi 叩t In IQll (in 沖 DwistAl A H }** U** Sanw nddhqvw I h4k>Mf > -1 謝 180 words.hon esty." livi ng up or unfair?We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of characteris whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they ' re taking by using excuses: "Everyone else doesit," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keepmy eyes on myown paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking myanswers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" in the class; Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away With It--Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learnfrom the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is fartherbehind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.Cheating Hurts Others, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30%or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; allI care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatant and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hardfor their degree.Why Integrity MattersIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a commonstake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also .A) sticks to them in their daily lifeB) makes them known to othersC) understands their true valuesD) sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spiritB) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trustD) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take ？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we don ' t break any rules.D. so that we don t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if ____ ?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn ' t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people ' s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on ____ .A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn ' t get caught right away willA) pay more dearlyB) become more confidentC) be widely admiredD) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don ' t care about their education, all they care about is how to9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people ' s _______10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of .Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom.M: Why don ' t we walk over there and see for ourselves?Q: What will the speakers probably do?12.M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall.I hope to see you there.W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o ' clock tomorrow.Q: What do we learn about the woman?13.W: How long have you been running this company?M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operationto what it is today.Q: What do we learn about the man?14.M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year.W: I knew she would from the very beginning. Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it.Q: What does the woman mean?15.W: Taking a bus to Miami, it ' s cheaper than going by train.M: That 's true. But I ' d rather pay a little more for the added comfort and convenience.Q: What does the man mean?16.M: I think it ' s time we got rid of all this old furniture.W: You' re right. Weneed to promote our image besides it 's not a real antique.Q: What do the speakers mean?17.M: That was some storm yesterday. How was I afraid I couldn ' t make it home.W: Yeah, most of the roads to my house were flooded. I didn ' t get home fromthe lab until midnight.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18.W: My boys are always complaining that they ' re bored.M: Whydon't you get them into some team sports? My son and daughter play soccer every Saturday. And they both look forward to it all week.Q: What does the man mean?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: I don ' t know what to do. I can ' t seem to get anyone in the hospital tolisten to my complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous. Just look at it.M: Hmm, uh, are you trying to say that it presents a health hazard?W: Yes, I am. The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to replace it, but they are trying to cut costs.M: You are pregnant, aren ' t you?W: Yes, I am. I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department, but he urged me not to complain too loudly. Because the administration is more likely to replace me than an X-ray equipment, I ' m afraid to refuse to work. But I ' m more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.M: I see what you mean. Well, as your union representative, I have to warn you that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful.W: Oh, what am I supposed to do then?M: Workers have the legal right to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws, the Occupation or Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act. But the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet.W: Do you think I have a good case?M: If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay, your lost income. But you have to be prepared for a long wait, maybe after two years.Q19. What does the woman complain about?Q20. What has the woman asked her supervisor to do?Q21. What does the man say about the two federal laws?Q22. What will the union do if the woman loses her jobQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Mr. Green, is it fair to say that negotiation is an art?M: Well, I think it ' s both an art and science. You can prepare for a negotiation quite scientifically, but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with one' s artistic q uality. The scientific part of a negotiation is in determiningyour strategy. What do you want out of it? What can you give? Then of course there are tactics. Howdo you go about it? Do you take an opening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for? And then of course there are the behavioral aspects.W: What do you mean by the behavioral aspects?M: Well, that ' s I think where the art comes in. In your behavior, you can either be an actor. You can pretend that you don' t like things which you are actually quite pleased about. Or you can pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without. Or you can be the honest type negotiator who ' s known to his partners in negotiation and always plays everything straight. But the artistic part of negotiation I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the process of negotiation. These can be verbal cues or even body language. This is where the artistic quality comes in.W: So really, you see two types of negotiator then, the actor or the honest one.M: That ' right. And both can work. I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in some circumstances. In other circumstances you need an actor.Q23. When is a scientific approach best embodied in a negotiation according to the man?Q24. In what way is a negotiator like an actor according to the man?Q25. What does the man say about the two types of negotiator?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someonewho buys something. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping cart. One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items. Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “ Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don' t mind waiting while I go get it. ” Five minutes later, he is back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. Strange as it seems, customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customers will wait untilI announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says, “ Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she' s forgotten hers. But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that ' s something I can ' t afford to forget.Q26. What does the speaker say about customers ' entering the grocery store?Q27. Which customers are supposed to be in the express line?Q28. What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter?Q29. What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk?Passage 2Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal.Speakers of these cultures often read oral presentations from carefully written manuscripts. On the other hand, American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers in other cultures. American audiences prefer natural, spontaneous delivery that conveys a lively sense of communication. They don't relate well to speakers who read from a manuscript. If you use an outline of your ideas instead of a prepared text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention. The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language and style you use when writing. Well-written information, that is meant to be read, does not work as well when it is heard. It is, therefore, important for you to adapt written texts or outlines for presentations.Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing. They also use their own words and develop their own speaking styles. Whenever possible, they use short words. Listeners appreciate it when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation. One advantage is that it' s much easier for speakers to pronounceshort words correctly. Another is that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.Question 30 to 3230. What does the speaker say American audiences prefer?31. What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation?32. What does the speaker focus on in the talk?Passage 3Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does notlearn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people 's. In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought he would never noticea mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on the expert. Weshould let him do it himself. Let him figure out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that. If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help children when they tell us that they can ' t find a way to get the right answer.Question 33 to 3533. How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker?34. What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker?35. What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to43 with the exact words you have just heard. Fo r blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing inform ation. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just hear d or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage i s read for the third time, you should check what you have written.(听力原文)Time is, for the average American, of utmost importanee. To theforeig n visitor, America ns seem to be more concerned with gett ing things accomplished on time (accord ing to a predeterm ined schedule) tha n they are with developing deep interpersonalrelations. Schedules, for the American, are meant tobe pla nned and the n followed in the smallest detail. It may seem to you that most America ns are completely con trolled by the little mach ines they wear on their wrists,cutting their discussions off abruptly to make it to their next appointment on time. America ns ' Ian guage is filled with refere nces to time, givi ng a clear in dicati onof how muchit is valued. Time is something to be “on, ” to be “kept, ”“filled, ”saved, wasted, gain ed, pla nn ed, give n, made the most of,even “ killed. ” The international visitor soon learns that it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America. Time is so valued in America, because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve more than if one “ wastes ” time and doesn ' t keep busy. This philosophyhas prove n its worth. It has en abled America ns to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America. Many American proverbs stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely, and setting and working toward specific goals. America ns believe in spe nding their time and en ergy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.Part IV Read ing Comprehe nsion (Readi ng in Depth)Sectio n ADirections: In this sect ion, there is a passage with ten bla nks. You are required to select one word for each bla nk from a list of choices give n in a wordbank follow ing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the correspondingletter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may notuse any of the words in the bank more tha n once.Questi ons 47 to 56 is based on the follow ing passage.So many people use the cell phones so freque ntly every day. But 47 little _________is certa in about the health effects of its use. Manufacturers 48 that cell ___________phones meet gover nment sta ndards for safe radio-freque ncy radiati on emissi on, but eno ugh studies are begi nning to docume nt a possible 49 in rare brain tumors (脑瘤),headaches and behavioral disorders in children to cause concern. So far, theevide nee isn ' t 50 on whether the use of cell phones 51 to any in creasedrisk of can cer . In a new trial, researchers asked 47 volun teers to 52 in a _______ project to censure glucose (葡萄糖)consumption in the brain by scanning the brain to see how cells use energy. For both 50-minute scans, the volunteers had a cellphone 53 to each ear. During the first scan, the devices were turned off, but for the sec ond sca n, the phone on the right ear was 54 on and received arecorded-message call, although the volume was muted (消音) so the no ise would n 't bias the results. The results of the second scan showed that the 55 of the brain n earest to the device had higher rates of glucose con sumpti on tha n the restof the brain. The study shows that cell phones can cha nge brain activity,and 56 a whole new avenue for scientific inquiry, though it doesn ' t say anything about whether cell-ph one radiati on can cause cancer.Section B ( 略)Part V Cloze (略)Part W Tran slati onDirections: Complete the sentences by tran slat ing into En glish the Chin esegive n in brackets. Please write your tran slati on on An swer Sheet 2注意：此部分试题清在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
郑航2012.12英语四级ModelTest-03（答案）
郑航2012.12英语四级ModelTest-03（答案）2012年12⽉英语四级（⼗套模拟题答案） Model Test-03Part ⅠWritingNEET Group PhenomenonNowadays, there are a considerable number of young people joining the NEET group. They have already been able to support themselves, but still rely on their parents to make a living.Why is there such a phenomenon? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. First, those young people are mostly the only child of the family, and they are spoiled by their parents, lacking the spirit of independence. Secondly, the education they have received aims at helping them pass the examinations rather than giving them professional trainings, so they cannot find their advantages in the bitter competition of the job market.As far as I am concerned, the phenomenon of NEET group is a sign of social resource waste, and has to be removed with joint efforts. If the young people learn to respect their parents and attain more self-supporting skills, if the governments do more in creating new job opportunities and providing job-hunting instructions, the phenomenon of NEET group will one day disappear in China.点评①开门见⼭，点明现在社会上存在"啃⽼族"现象。
2012.12四级第二套听力部分及答案
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more11. A) He needs another week for the painting.B) The painting was completed just in time.C) The building won’t open until next week.D) His artistic work has been well received.12. A) Go camping. B) Decorate his house.C) Rent a tent. D) Organize a party.13. A) She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone.B) She is about to call Mr. Wright’s secretary.C) She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time.D) She failed to reach Mr. Wright.14. A) He is actually very hardworking.B) He has difficulty finishing his project.C) He needs to spend more time in the lab.D) He seldom tells the truth about himself.15. A) Rules restricting smoking.B) Ways to quit smoking.C) Smokers’ health problems.D) Hazards of passive smoking.16. A) He is out of town all morning.B) He is tied up in family matters.C) He has been writing a report.D) He has got meetings to attend.17. A) He is not easy-going.B) He is the speakers’ boss.C) He is not at home this weekend.D) He seldom invites people to his home.18. A) Take a break.B) Refuel his car.C) Ask the way.D) Have a cup of coffee.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) They are as good as historical films.B) They give youngsters a thrill.C) They have greatly improved.D) They are better than comics on film.20. A) The effects were very good.B) The acting was just so-so.C) The plot was too complicated.D) The characters were lifelike.21. A) They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle.B) They played the same role in War of the Worlds.C) They are popular figures among young people.D) They are two leading characters in the film.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) It is scheduled on Thursday night.B) It is supposed to last nine weeks.C) It takes place once a week.D) It usually starts at six.23. A) To make good use of her spare time in the evening.B) To meet the requirements of her in-service training.C) To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible.D) To get some basic knowledge about car maintenance.24. A) Participate in group discussions.B) Take turns to make presentations.C) Listen to the teacher’s explanation.D) Answer the teacher’s questions.25. A) Most of them are female.B) Some have a part-time job.C) They plan to buy a new car.D) A few of them are old chaps.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) She is not good at making friends.B) She is not well off.C) She enjoys company.D) She likes to go to concerts alone.27. A) Their similar social status.B) Their interdependence.C) Their common interest.D) Their identical character.28. A) Invite Pat to a live concert.B) Buy some g ifts for Pat’s kids.C) Help take care of Pat’s kids.D) Pay for Pat’s season tickets.29. A) It can develop between people with a big difference in income.B) It can be maintained among people of different age groups.C) It cannot last long without similar family background.D) It cannot be sustained when friends move far apart.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Priority of students’ academic achievements.B) Equal education opportunities to all children.C) Social equality between teachers and students.D) Respect for students’ individuality.31. A) Efficient.B) Complicated.C) Lengthy.D) Democratic.32. A) To help them acquire hands-on experience.B) To try to cut down its operational expenses.C) To provide part-time jobs for needy students.D) To enable them to learn to take responsibility.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) The best way to work through a finger maze.B) Individuals doing better in front of an audience.C) Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology.D) Improvements on the classification of human behavior.34. A) When you feel encouraged by the audience.B) When you try to figure out a confusing game.C) When you already know how to do something.D) When you complete with other people in a group.35. A) Practicing constantly.B) Working by oneself.C) Learning by doing.D) Using proven methods.Section CAmericans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36) ______ of food available. They have a broader (37) ______ of nutrition (营养), so they buy more fresh fruit and (38) _______ than ever before. At the same time, Americans (39)______ increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.Statistics show that the way people live (40) ______ the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, (41) ______ parents and children, and double-income families. These changing lifestyles are (42) ______ for the increasing number of people who must (43) ______ meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. (44) ______________ _______________________________________. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average.It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. (45) _____________ ________________________________________________________. This information not only tells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. (46) _____________________________________________________________. Instead, chicken, turkey and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years.Section A ConversationsShort Conversations11.- W: Have you finished that painting for the new student center?M: Just this morning, I’ve been working extra hours all week, you know the building opens tomorrow.Q: What does the man mean?12. M: Do you sell camping gear?W: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves.Q: What is the man probably going to do?13. M: Hi Jenny have you talked to Mr. Wright about the new sports program?W: well, I contacted his office half an hour ago, and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2:00.Q: What does the woman mean?14.M：Bill says he’s not working so hard on his biology project.W: But he spends a lot of time in the lab, doesn’t he?Q: What does the woman imply about Bill?15.M: I have to say i find the new smoking regulations too strict.W: Well, they are for everyone’s health. I have no complaints.Q: What are the speakers talking about?16.W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He’s tight up in meetings all morning.M: I was hoping he brings it in himself, I need to talk with him about it.Q: Why can’t Jack come in person?17.M: Should we invite Mr. Smith to join us for dinner this weekend, he has just come back from England.W: You can have a try, but as far as I know, he seldom accepts invitations from his employees Q: What can we infer about Mr. Smith?18.W: This place doesn’t look familiar at all, we must be lost.M：Yes，it seems so. Let’s pull in here, while I’m filling in the tank, you go ask the way and get me something to drink please.Q: What does the man going to do first?Long Conversation 1M: Well ,did you enjoy it?W: Yes, I enjoy it much more that I thought I would.M: Really?W: Yes, I don’t usually go to science fiction films. I don’t think they are much better than comics on film, if you know what I mean.M : Yes, sure. And a few years ago, they were certainly like that. But they’ve got a lot better now.W: Yes, and historical films, that’s what I really like. I never miss a good film set in middle ages. Oh, and love stories, I never miss one on TV.M: Fondly enough, I don’t like those kinds of films at all. But to come back to this one, I personally didn’t think it was very good . It certainly wasn’t as good as other science fiction films I’ve ever seen.W: Wasn’t it?M: No, not at all. Oh, the effects were very good.W: Y es, I thought they were marvelous. Especially the battle in space, incredible.M: Yes, but I was going to say I thought the acting was terrible.W: Yes. I suppose Jason was too good to be true. And what was the name of the Baddy?M: Cargon?W: Yeah. Cargon was really evil, wasn’t he? But I suppose that’s what these films are all about—good triumphing over evil. And the characters have to be black and white.M: Well ,yes, but not always. Worth the well wasn’t like for example. Anyway, you enjoy the film. That’s the most important.W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me.Q:19. What does the man say about the science fiction films?20. What opinion did the speakers share about the film they just seen?21. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon?Long Conversation 2M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to?W: Car maintenance.M: What night of the week it on?W: Wednesday night.M: And how long does it last?M: Well, it’s supposed to start at 6, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6: 30 and then it goes on until the 9 o’clock.M: And what was your reason for wanting to do the class?W: Well, I just bought my first car and I don’t know anything about cars. So I thought it was a good opportunity to learn. I guess most of the people in the class are in the same situation.M: Um, and what do you actually do? Do you bring the car along to the class?W: Yes, we do. And in the first part of the lesson, the first half hour, the man who runs the class will go though some particular part of the car, and we’ll learn about it. And then we spend the rest of the time, actually working on my own cars, the same problem.M: And how many people are there in the class?W: Mm, I think 16, but 3 quarters of them are women. It’s quite interesting because the man is obviously used to teaching man. And he always starts his sentence by saying, ”Wow, your chops were slow.”And then he stops and says “Oh, any woman, you ladies, but...ur..”M: Mm.. sounds funny.Q:22. What does the woman say about her evening class?23. Why did the woman want to attend to the class?24.What do the people who attend the class do in the first part of the lesson?25. What do we learn about participants in the class?Section B PassagesPassage 1We don’t choose friends on the basis of how much money they have, of course, but lots of differences can be disturbing to both sides. Aaron, for example, was single, and earns a very goodsalary. Her friend, Pat, the divorced mother of three, is strugglin g to make ends meet. “We are both frequent theater-goers,” Aaron explains, “ and I’ll gladly pay for two tickets, just to have pass company it plays in concerts , but she won’t go anywhere unless she can pay her own way. I hate to go alone, so we both stay home. It all seems so silly.” Pat sees the situation differently. After her unhappy marriage to a man who was trying to control her without considering her wishes and feelings ,she says, “ it’s very important to me to carry my own weight. I’m not comfortable in any relationship where all I do is take. ”The difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat’s children were with their father, so she took a picnic lunch to her friends new plays, then spend the day helping her unpack and get settled. “I was so grateful, ”Aarons says, “but I persuaded Pat to let me return the favour in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. I think she’s beginning to recognize that she contrib utes as much to our friendship, but I do”26. What do we learn about Pat?27. What draws Aaron and Pat together?28. What does Aaron do to return Pat’s favor?29. What do we learn friendship from the passage?Passage 2Sun School in the town of Ashbert in England is a day school for children age 10 to 18.It is based on the value of social equality between students and stuff, and has few rules. Sun School believes that the healthy growth of the child is more important than academic success. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choose from. In free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes are small, and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed. But democratically decided and students are expected to attend. The weekly school meeting is at the center of the way sun school is organized. It mixes all the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable and accepting or rejecting new students and teachers. Participating in these meetings give s children an understand of democratic decision making and helps them develops their skills of argument and persuasion.The most import advantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the school is really their’s. They have the right to decide on changes. And the school’s success or failure depends on their decisions and their behavior. Sun School employs no cooking or cleaning stuff, these jobs are done by students and teachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by students, it is believed that school truly belongs to who use it, and they must take responsibility for its maintenance.30. What value is Sun School based on?31. What is characteristic of the school decision making processor program?32. Why does sun school ask the students to do the maintenance?Passage 3Well, to continue, as I mentioned earlier, t here is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse, not better on tasks when other people are there. R.W.Harburt did an interesting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a game in which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system of passages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjects who did alone.Now how can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for a longtime. Social psychologist, John Roberts, finally cleared up the confusion about why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of an audience. Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what you already know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having an audience helps you do it bette r. But if you don’t already know how to do something, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes for a longer time if you have an audience. That’s exactly what happened to the subjects who were learning the finger maze.So, if you were doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do well. If you were doing badly, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do badly. Roberts cleverly pointed out that when you are first learning something, y oua re better off working alone than practicing with other people.33. What did the speaker probably discuss before coming to this part of the talk?34. When does the presence of an audience facilitate your performance according to Roberts?35. What does Roberts think as a better way to learn new things?Section C Compound DictationAmericans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide selection of food available. They have a broader knowledge of nutrition, so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before. At the same time, Americans purchase increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.Statistics show that the way people live determines the way they eat. American life-styles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, single parents and children, and double-income families. These changing life styles are responsible for the increasing number of people who must rush meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records. This information not only tells us what people are eating but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite. Instead, chicken, turkey, and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years.•11-18 BADA ADBB•19-21 CAD 22-25 CDCA•26-29 BCDA 30-32 CDD 33-35 BCB•(36)selection (37)knowledge•(38)vegetables (39)purchase•(40)determines (41)single•(42)responsible (43)rush•(44)Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens.•(45)The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records.•(46)Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite.。
2012年12月英语四级听力及答案
听录音，回答11-47题：Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension：11-3511、A．He needs another week for the painting．B．The painting was completed just In time．C．The building won’t open until next week．D．His artistic work has been well received．12、A．Go camping．B．Decorate his house.C．Rent a tent．D．Organize a party．13、A．She talked with Mr．Wright on the phone．B．She is about to call Mr．Wright’s secretary．C．She will see Mr．Wright at lunch time．D．She failed to reach Mr．Wright．14、A．He is actually very hardworking．B．He has difficulty finishing his project．C．He needs to spend more time in the lab．D．He seldom tells the truth about himself．15、A．Rules restricting smoking．B．Ways to quit smoking．C．Smokers’ health problems．D．Hazards of passive smoking．16、A．He is out of town all morning．B．He is tied up in family matters．C．He has been writing a report．D．He has got meetings to attend．17、A．He is not easy—going．B．He is the speakers’boss．C．He is not at home this weekend．D．He seldom invites people to his home．18、A．Take a break．B．Refuel his car．C．Ask the way．D．Have a cup of coffee．19、Questions l9 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard．A．They are as good as historical films．B．They give youngsters a thrill．C．They have greatly improved．D．They are better than comics on film．20、A．The effects were very good．B．The acting was just so—so．C．The plot was too complicated．D．The characters were lifelike．21、A．They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle．B．They Flayed the same role in War of the Worlds．C．They are popular figures among young people．D．They are two leading characters in the film．22、Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard．A．It is scheduled on Thursday night．B．It is supposed to last nine weeks．C．It takes place once a week．D．It usually starts at six．23、A．To make good use of her spare time in the evening．B．To meet the requirements of her in—service training．C．To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible．D．To get some basic knowledge about car maintenance．24、A．Partic pate in group discussions．B．Take turns to make presentations．C．Listen to the teacher’s explanation．D．Answer the teacher’s questions．25、A．Most of them are female．B．Some have a part—time job．C．They plan to buy a new car．D．A few of them are old chaps．26、Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard．A．She is not good at making friends．B．She is not well off．C．She enjoys company．D．She likes to go to concerts alone．27、A．Their similar social status．B．Their interdependence．C．Their common interest．D．Their identical character．28、A．Invite Pat to a live concert．B．Buy some gifts for Pat’s kids．C．Help take care of Pat’s kids．D．Pay for Pat’s season tickets．29、A．It can develop between people with a big difference in income．B．It can be maintained among people of different age groups．C．It cannot last long without similar family background．D．It cannot be sustained when friends move far apart．30、Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard．A．Priority of students’academic achievements．B．Equal education opportunities to all children．C．Social equality between teachers and students．D．Respect for students’individuality．31、A．EfficientB．ComplicatedC．LengthyD．Democratic32、A．To help them acquire hands—on experience．B．To try to cut down its operational expenses．C．To provide part—time jobs for needy students．D．To enable them to learn to take responsibility．33、Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard．A．The best way to work through a finger maze．B．Individuals doing better in front of an audience．C．Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology．D．Improvements on the classification of human behavior．34、A．When you feel encouraged by the audience．B．When you try to figure out a confusing game．C．When you already know how to do something．D．When you complete with other people in a group．35、A．Practicing constantly．B．Working by oneself．C．Learning by doing．D．Using proven methods．Part ⅢListening Comprehension：36-4636、Americanstoday have different eating habits than they had in the past．There is awide(36)______ offood available．They have a broader(37)______ of nutrition(营养)，so they buy more fresh fruitand(38)______than ever before．At the same time，Americans(39)______increasing quantities of sweetsand sodas．Statisticsshow that the way people live(40)______the way they eat．American lifestyles havechanged．There are now growing numbers of people wholive alone，(41)______parents and children，and double-income families．These changinglifestyles are(42)______ for the increasing number of people who must(43)______mealsor sometimes simply go without them．Many Americans haveless time than ever before to spend preparingfood．(44)_____________________weekon average．It iseasy to study the amounts and kinds of food that peopleconsume．(45)________________uswhat people are eatin9，but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes．(46)____________．Instead，chicken，turkey and fish have become morepopular．Sales of these foods have greatly increased inrecent years．第(36)题_________37、第(37)题_________38、第(38)题_________39、第(39)题_________40、第(40)题_________41、第(41)题_________42、第(42)题_________43、第(43)题_________44、第(44)题_________45、第(45)题_________46、第(46)题_________听力参考答案听力AB11. B12. A13. D14. A15. A16. D17. B18. B19. C20. A21. D22. C23. D24. C25. A26. B27. C28. D29. A30. C31. D32. D33. C34. C35. B听力C36. selection37. Knowledge38. vegetables39. purchase40. determines41. single42. responsible43. rush44. Partly as a consequence of this limitedtime,over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens．45. The United States t of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records．46. Red meat,which used to be the most popular choice for dinner,is no longer an American favorite．。
2012年英语专四真题及答案完整版绝对完整
2012专四听写参考答案Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables，and we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are a lot of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more.Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following: first, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area; second, they should benefit the local people; third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.2012专四听力参考答案说明：由于是一次性听力并作答，没有反复斟酌，不能保证答案百分百正确，但是能保证百分之九十以上正确。
2012年12月四级听力试题
PartⅢListening ComprehensionSection A11A. Find a shortcut to the park B. Buy some roses from the marketC. Go to the park to enjoy the flowersD. Plant trees in the east end of town12 A. She has been invited to give a talkB. She cannot work because of her toothacheC. She cannot attend the presentationD. She is going to meet the man at 9:3013 A. He has changed his business strategyB. He is a very successful businessmanC. He is making plans to expand his operationD. He was twenty when he took over the company14 A. She is not as bright and diligent as SusanB. She is a little bit surprised at the newsC. She has not read the news on the NetD. She has every confidence in Susan15 A. It is not always cheaper going by busB. It is more comfortable and convenient to take a busC. It is faster to go to Miami by trainD. It is worth the money taking a train to Miami16 A. Antiques can improve their imageB. They should move into a new officeC. The old furniture should be replacedD. Preservation of antiques is important17 A. The storm continued until midnightB. The man got home late due to the stormC. The man stayed at the lab the whole nightD. All roads were closed because of the flood18 A. The woman’s sons might enjoy team spiritsB. The woman’s kids can play soccer with his wonC. Children should play sports at least once a weekD. Many children feel bored when left aloneQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard19 A. Make phone calls to promote salesB. Arrange business negotiationsC. Take orders over the phoneD. Handle complaints from customers20 A. Customers’ questions could not be answered on the same dayB. Conflicts between them could not be properly solvedC. Customers often mistook one for the otherD. They had different strategies21 A. They are given two weeks each B. They like to spend it togetherC. They have to take it by turnsD. They each take a weekQuestions 22to 25are based on the conversation you have just heard22 A. At a road crossing B. Near a schoolC. Outside a police stationD. In front of a kindergarten23 A. He did not notice it B. He drove too fast to read itC. It says 45 miles an hourD. It is not clearly visible24 A. It should have been renewed two months agoB. It actually belongs to somebody elseC. It is no longer validD. It is not genuine25 A. He was fined 35 dollarsB. He got a ticketC. He had his driver’s license canceledD. He had to do two weeks’ community serviceSection BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard26 A. They behave as if their memories have failed totallyB. They grab whatever they think is a good bargainC. They become excited as if they had never been thereD. They care more about an item’s price than its use27 A. Those with a VIP card B. Those paying in cashC. Those needing assistanceD. Those with 15 items or less28 A. Change the items they have picked upB. Go back and pick up more itemsC. Take out some unwanted purchasesD. Calculate the total cost of the groceries29 A. It requires tolerance B. It calls for carefulnessC. It involves communication skillsD. It needs a good knowledge of math Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the conversation you have just heard30 A. A short presentation clearly deliveredB. A package of ideas formally presentedC. A clever use of visual aids in presentationD. A natural and spontaneous style of speech31 A. The skillful use of gestures and facial expressionsB. Differences in style between writing and speakingC. The importance of preparationD. Different preferences of audiences32 A. The key to becoming a good speakerB. The increasing importance of public speakingC. The significance of cross-cultural communicationD. The differences between American and Asian cultures.Passage ThreeQuestions 33to 35 are based on the conversation you have just heard33 A. By being given constant praiseB. By observing what their teachers doC. By being repeatedly corrected by adultsD. By comparing his performance with others’34 A. All children should have equal opportunitiesB. It is only natural for children to make errorsC. Children cannot detect their own mistakesD. The best students are usually smart by nature35 A. It is unhelpful to students’ learningB. It is unhealthy to students’ upbringingC. It is beneficial to independent childrenD. It is favorable to knowledge accumulationSection CTime is, for the average American, of utmost importance. To the (36)＿＿＿＿＿visitor, Americans seem to be more concerned with getting things (37)＿＿＿＿on time ( according to a predetermined schedule) than they are with developing deep(38)＿＿＿＿relations. Schedules, for the American, are meant to be planned and then followed in the smallest(39)＿＿＿＿.It may seem to you that most Americans are completely (40)＿＿＿＿by the little machines they wear on their wrists, cutting their discussions off (41)＿＿＿＿to make it to their next appointment on time.Americans’ language is filled with (42)＿＿＿＿to time, giving a clear (43)＿＿＿＿of how much it is valued. Time is something to be “on”, to be “kept”, “filled”, “saved”, “wasted”, “gained”, “planned”, “given”, “made the most of”, even “killed”.The international visitor soon learns that(44)＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.Time is so valued in America because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve bore than if one “wastes” time and doesn’t keep busy. This philosophy has proven its worth. (45)＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.Many American proverbs(谚语) stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely and setting and working toward specific goals. (46)＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.。
2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题与答案完整版
Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning)Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers,offering course of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004.Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America‘s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K.In the United States,20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in the summer internships (实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least oneinternational study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai‘s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to t he lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world -class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s.the link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research -university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003,but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago, in the wake ofSeptember 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and the business leaders led to improvements in the process and reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation‘s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ________.A)more popularized than ever beforeB)in-service training organizationsC)a powerful force for global integrationD)more and more research-oriented2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ________.A)at an annual rate of 8 percentB)at an annual rate of 3.9 percentC)by 800,000D)by 2.5 million3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A)38% B)10% C)30% D)20%4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A)They give them chances for international study or internship.B)They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.C)They offer them various courses in international politics.D)They organize a series of seminars on world economy.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities ‘globalization is ________.A)Yale‘s establishing branch campuses throughout the worldB)Yale‘s student exchange program with E uropean institutionsC)Yale‘s helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsD)Yale‘s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research.6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A)It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.B)It was intentionally created by Stanford University.C)It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.D)It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A)It has increased by 3 percent.B)It doubled between 1998 and 2003.C)It has been unsteady for years.D)It has been more than sufficient.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ________.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ________.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and ________.PartⅢ Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Section A11.A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.12.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.B) The man should buy a car of his own.C) The man needn't go shopping every week.D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.13.A) Get more food and drinks.B) Ask his friend to come over.C) Tidy up the place.D) Hold a party.14.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.D) The woman should contact John Smith first.15.A) He understands the woman's feelings.B) He has gone through a similar experience.C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.D) The teacher is just following the regulations.16.A) She will meet the man halfway.B) She will ask David to talk less.C) She is sorry the man will not come.D) She has to invite David to the party.17.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.18.A) Check their computer files.B) Make some computations.C) Study a computer program.D) Assemble a computer.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.B) It requires him to work long hours.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.D) It helps him understand people better.20.A) It is intellectually challenging.B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.D) It demands physical endurance and patience.21.A) In a hospital.B) At a coffee shop.C) At a laundry.D) In a hotel.22.A) Getting along well with colleagues.B) Paying attention to every detail.C) Planning everything in advance.D) Knowing the needs of customers.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) The pocket money British children get.B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on.D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.24.A) It enables children to live better.B) It goes down during economic recession.C) It often rises higher than inflation.D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.25.A) Save up for their future education.B) Pay for small personal things.C) Buy their own shoes and socks.D) Make donations when necessary. 来源:考试大-英语四级考试Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26.A) District managers.B) Regular customers.C) Sales directors.D) Senior clerks.27.A) The support provided by the regular clients.B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.D) The important part played by district managers.28.A) Some of them were political-minded.B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers.D) Most of them were rather conservative.29.A) He used too many quotations.B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point.D) He spent too much time on details.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) State your problem to the head waiter.B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.31.A) You problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.32.A) Demand a prompt response.B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail.D) Stick to the point.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A) Fashion designerB) Architect.C) City planner.D) Engineer.34.A) Do some volunteer work.B) Get a well-paid part-time job.C) Work flexible hours.D) Go back to her previous post.35.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.B) It will add to the family's financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.Section CAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37) ______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38) ______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39) ______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41)______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language. He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists –and (44) ________________________________________________. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) ________________________________________________ until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) ________________________________________________, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.Part ⅣReading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.If our society ever needed a reading renaissance（复兴）, it's now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading47 have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have 48 ,” laments a director of research and analysis. He49 the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games50 problem—solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by 51 viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can't be gained from these other sources, from52 vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they're not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that's a huge problem.”In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data53 last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic's long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun54 from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the55 of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation's youth have56 constant over the past two decades with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds. But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.A. percentB. remainedC. roseD. ratesE. percentageF. countedG. relievedH. presentI. BelievingJ. releasedK. forcing L. improve M. Styles N. building O. attributesSection BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, alth ough it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae （or job history）, with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your n ame, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns.A）informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB）promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC）divides available jobs into various typesD）informs employers of the people available for work58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because. A）there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB）there are so many top level jobs availableC）there are so many people out of workD）the job history is considered to be a work of art59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would.A）write an initial letter giving their life historyB）pass some exams before applying for a jobC）have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD）keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter.A）something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB）hinted information about the personality of the applicantC）one's advantages over others in applying for the jobD）an occasional trick with the aggressive approach61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because.A）there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB）there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC）jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD）the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time,rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages. Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictio ns. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may.A）cause a shortage of apartmentsB）worry those who rent apartments as homesC）increase the profits of landlordsD）encourage landlords to invest in building apartment63. According to the critics, rent control.A）will always benefit those who rent apartmentsB）is unnecessaryC）will bring negative effects in the long runD）is necessary under all circumstances64. The problem of unemployment will arise.A）if the minimum wage is set too highB）if the minimum wage is set too lowC）if the workers are unskilledD）if the maximum wage is set65. The passage tells us.A）the relationship between supply and demandB）the possible results of government controlsC）the necessity of government controlD）the urgency of getting rid of government controls66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A）The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B）Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C）Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D）Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.Part ⅤCloze （15 minutes）Rumor is the most ___67___way of spreading stories—by passing them on from mouth___68___mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better ___69___ of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and___70___, ___71___, rumor ___72__ and becomes widespread. At such ___73___ the different kinds of news are in___74___,the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine.Especially ___75___ rumors spread when war requires censorship(审查，检查) on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer ___76___ enough information. Since the people cannot learn ___77___ legitimate(合法的，正规的) channel s all ___78___ they are anxious to learn, they pick up “news”___79___they can and when this ___80___, rumor thrives.Rumors are often repeated ___81___ by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is ___82___the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims—the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to___83___directly. Pessimistic(悲观的) rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are___84___and anxious. ___85___rumors about record production orpeace soon coming point to complacency(满足，自得) or confidence—and often to ___86___.67. A) primitive B) important C) impossible D) outstanding68. A) till B) to C) for D) by69. A) means B) ways C) sources D) resource70. A) confusion B) peace C) prosperity D) worried71. A) and B) however C) so D) therefore72. A) emerges B) immerge C) immerse D) immense73. A) time B) the times C) times D) the time74. A) compete B) competition C) common D)harmony75. A) do B) did C) are D) were76. A) give up B) give off C) give out D) send off77. A) through B) by C) in D) across78. A) what B) why C) which D) that79. A) wherever B) where C) whatever D) what80. A) happened B) would happen C) happens D) happen81. A) ever B) even C) forever D) much82. A) that B) what C) why D) how83. A) act B) voice C) behave D) do84. A) happy B) relieved C) crazy D) worried85. A) Bad B) Pessimistic C) Optimistic D) Good86. A) overconfidence B) overweight C) overconsiderate D) overproducePart ⅥTranslation （5 minutes）Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that __________________________ (我都拿不定主意买哪一种).88. The light in the office is still on._________________________ (他忘记关了).89. His composition was so confusing that _____________________________ (我简直看不懂).90.As the saying goes, reading without reflecting is like __________________________ (吃饭不消化).91._______________________ (他的回答是这样) that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.。
2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not bec ause they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。
(完整word版)2012年12月四级听力答案
2012年12月四级听力Section A ConversationsShort Conversations11。
— W：Have you finished that painting for the new student center?M： Just this morning, I've been working extra hours all week， you know the building opens tomorrow.Q： What does the man mean?12。
M： Do you sell camping gear?W： Yes， we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves.Q: What is the man probably going to do?13. M: Hi Jenny have you talked to Mr Wright about the new sports program？W: well， I contacted his office half an hour ago, and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2:00.Q： What does the woman mean?14。
M：Bill says he's not working so hard on his biology project.W： But he spends a lot of time in the lab， doesn’t he?Q： What does the woman imply about Bill?15。
M： I have to say i find the new smoking regulations too strict.W: Well， they are for everyone's health. I have no complaints.Q： What are the speakers talking about？16.W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He’s tight up in meetings all morning.M: I was hoping he brings it in himself, I need to talk with him about it。
2012年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案(详解) 2
2012年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案(详解)Part II Reading Comprehension (skimming and scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.Time Off from Work Gains in ImportanceAmerican workers are saying they need a break. As their number of hours clocked on the job has crept higher, more time off has become a bigger priority. In the past few years, human resources experts say time off has consistently placed among the top three employee concerns, along with compensation and staffing levels, whereas it used to be farther down the list. In a poll taken online in November 2004, 39% of workers said if given the choice, they would choose time off over the equivalent in additional base salary. Of course, most of the 4,600 respondents are still opting for the bigger paycheck, but the desire for time off is up almost 20% from just three years ago when conducted a similar poll.The reasons for this shift are many and varied. Some have to do with the way a new generation is thinking about work, while others are driven by how companies are responding to recent economic pressures.A New GenerationThe results may in part represent the needs of a new breed of workers. The average American is working one month (160 hours) more each year than a generation ago. According to recruiting and human capital management expert John Sumser, younger workers work for meaning first and money second. He goes on to warn employers that these are the people who are the foundation for the next workforce and they may not buy the existing paradigm (范例). A study released in late 2004 by the New York-based Families and Work Institute concludes that the new brand of young workers is rejecting the work-centric style of their parents’ generation. The study, which examines changes in the workforce over the past 25 years, found that younger workers are more likely to be “family-centric” or “dual-centric” (with equal priorities on both career and family) rather than “work-c entric” when compared to members of the Boomer Generation.September 11th and the End of the Roaring NinetiesThe impact of the terrorist attacks of September 11th cut across all age groups of the workforce. We collectively entered a new era, reevaluatin g life’s priorities and making changes in our attitude toward time spent at work versus hobbies and family. “I started looking at things completely differently. I’ve been far less willing to put in the 14-hour days necessary to get noticed and climb the co rporate ladder,” said Tony Jackson, a 43-year-old employee of a New York City-based financial services company. “Frankly, I can’t see that changing.”Even before September 11th, some experts say the slow shift in worker attitudes was already underway due to the end of the roaring 1990’s, when hours were long and significant personal wealth was created. For those who fared well financially, some opted for careers of contract work where they could call more of the shots pertaining to (与……有关的) time off, or new occupations with greater personal rewards. For others, even if their bank accounts were not spilling over from America’s economic heyday (全盛时期), their own energy had been depleted due to unrelenting (毫不松懈的) years of work hours and high stress. They were ready for something less taxing.Families and Work Institute President and co-founder Ellen Galinsky agrees. She says the poll numbers show evidence of an increase in need for time off and a shift in thinking due to the fact that workers have been pushed to their limit in recent years. “This new generation of workers is at the edge of how long they can work. It just feels like too much. They are not slackers (懒虫); they just don’t want more,” says Galinsky.Monetary Needs Less Intense Due to Dual Income Households“We’ve decided we prefer to have more time to ourselves,” says Carol Kornhaber, a New England software programmer in her late twenties. Kornhaber and her husband are both working but have sought out jobs where they are not pressed to put in long hours. Instead, they have insisted upon eight-hour days and having enough vacation time to travel, a major interest they share. Financial pressures are eased by both of them working and keeping a careful watch on their expenses. “We are lucky in a lot of ways to have found bosses who understand our needs.”BurnoutTrying to squeeze more productivity out of workers may be nothing new, but it has become particularly acute in recent years. This has been due in large measure to recession-induced layoffs and other trends such as the rising cost of healthcare benefits. After a layoff, workers who remain behind are often asked to pick up most or even all the load of the people who were let go, requiring more and more hours at the office. As new corporate initiatives are planned, the inverse is also true. As Sumser observes, “the additional workload, which runs across the economy from the office worker to the manufacturing line, seems to be a function of the cost of benefits. The regulations make it cheaper to add workload for existing employees than to hire new players.” The Families and Work Institute reports that nearly one third of U.S. employees often or very often feel overworked or overwhelmed by how much work theyhave to do. Nearly three out of four report that they frequently dream about doing something different from their current job.Show Me the MoneyOverworked or not, the majority in the poll still chose to fatten their paycheck if given the choice. For many, it was a practical matter. Says Peggy Jones, an accountant in a Boston area business services company, “I already get three weeks a year that I can’t use up because I’m so busy. I’d definitely go for the extra money to pay some bills or make a big purchase I’ve been holding off on.” For Jones, the realities of running a household and saving up for college for her children simply need to take precedence over extra free time.Companies Are Already RespondingTo many human resources experts it is inevitable that, given the growing health of the economy and the upcoming population-driven labor shortages as the Boomer Generation moves into retirement, the pendulum of control in the employee-employer relationship will swing back to the employee side. That is expected to begin in just a few years. According to human resources expert, Larry Schumer, at , “since most companies succeed based on a motivated and capable workforce, they have offered and will continue to offer more paid flexibility, whether it be through tried and tested time-off programs or the next great idea.” Where will that new balance of employer versus employee needs lie? Time, or perhaps time off, surely will tell.1. Which of the following has been rising in importance in the past few years?A) Compensation. B) Time off. C) Right to vote. D) Staffing levels.2. According to the passage, we know that the Boomer Generation is concerned ________.A) about family and work equally B) more about workC) more about family D) about neither work nor family3. What can be inferred about Tony Jackson?A) He is 43 years old.B) He works in a financial services company.C) He has changed his life and work attitude.D) He spends 14 hours a day on his work.4. When did American workers gradually begin to change their attitudes towards work?A) After September 11. B) In November 2004.C) In late 2004. D) At the end of the roaring 1990’s.5. According to Ellen Galinsky, why did workers change their mind about work?A) They have been pushed to the limit of their working hours.B) They increased their need to enjoy life.C) They have more rights than before.D) They don’t want to work for a living.6. Carol Kornhaber and her husband don’t have too much financial p ressure because ___________.A) they have parents who are richB) they don’t have children to feedC) they both have a high salaryD) they both have work and they are thrifty7. After a layoff, the employees who keep their jobs usually have to ___________.A) find another job in case they are firedB) do what their bosses tell them toC) work longer hours to avoid being firedD) do the work left by the laid-off workers8. According to , compared with three years ago, the desire for time off is up almost ________________________.9. According to the poll from , the majority of employees preferred to ________________________ if they had the choice.10. Larry Schumer said that most companies succeeded based on a motivated and capable __________________________.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47____ lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leading ultimately to 48 ____rock music.The term “rock and roll” now cov ers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49____ rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.50____ , defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.Classic rock and roll is 51____ played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 ____rock and roll styles of the late 1940s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally 53____ or supplemented by the guitar in the middle to late 1950s.The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a 54____ social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and in the new medium of television, 55____ lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially 56____ backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply “rock music” or “rock”.A) define I) followedB) characteristic J) modernC) unique K) explanationD) roots L) ConverselyE) usually M) replacedF) Basically N) prepareG) earliest O) seldom H) influencedSection BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.According to a report, around 30,000 pupils started secondary school last year with the math skills of a seven-year-old. MPs (国会议员) warned that many young people would need “expensive” remedial lessons in later life to get a job — posing major problems for the economy. The findings came just months after Ofsted(教育标准办公室)claimed almost half of math lessons in English schools were not good enough. It said many teachers relied on textbooks and mundane exercises to make sure pupils passed exams at the expense of a proper understanding of the subject. MPs backed the conclusions, saying too many pupils found lesso ns “boring”. They insisted improvements had been made under Labor but achievement had “leveled off” in recent years.In 2008, 79 percent of pupils met the Government’s expected standard at the end of primary school, well short of the 85 percent target set for 2006. Around five percent moved to secondary school with the math skills of a seven- year-old, said the committee. In 2006, ￡2.3 billion was spent teaching the subject. It equates to around a quarter of the ￡10 billion total budget for primary teaching and support staff.The report said the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) needed to “radically rethink its strategy for improving pupil attainment; otherwise we seriously doubt that the department will meet its 2011 target”. The targ et demands that 84.5 percent of pupils will make the necessary progress between 7 and 11.Last year, the DCSF published a major review of math education in England to boost standards. It called for a math specialist in every primary school within 10 years and more emphasis on mathematical “play” in nursery schools. Mr. Leigh said, “The department’s 10-year program to train 13,000 specialist math teachers will not benefit some primary schools for another decade. That’s far too long; the department needs to look for ways to accelerate the program.” Sarah McCarthy Fry, the Schools Minister,said, “We have already accepted the main recommendation from a recent independent review of primary math that every school should have a specialist math teacher and have pledged ￡24 million over the next three years for a training program for teachers.”Nick Gibb, the Tory shadow schools secretary, said, “The Government is not getting value for the money they have piled into education and the country is falling behind in international league tables as a result. The Government has failed to replace methods of teaching which have failed with tried and tested methods used in countries that have much higher levels of math achievement.”57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) 30,000 pupils started secondary school with poor math skills.B) MPs insist more improvements should be made under Labor.C) Young people need medical lessons to get a job.D) Half of English schools were not good enough.58. According to the passage, what happened in 2006?A) 21% of pupils didn’t meet the Government’s expected standard.B) The target set for 2006 was 87 percent.C) ￡2.3 billion was spent on math teaching.D) The total budget for primary teaching and support staff was ￡5 billion in 2006.59. What will people probably do to improve math education in England?A) Spend money on training specialist math teachers.B) Hire a math specialist for every primary school.C) Allow pupils to have more mathematical “play”.D) Spend more time on math education.60. What do Nick Gibb’s words mean?A) The British government should put more money into math education.B) Britain is falling behind in the international knowledge competition.C) The British government should learn from other countries’ failures.D) The British government should change their teaching methods every few years.61. What’s the passage mainly talking about?A) There aren’t enough math teachers in British primary schools.B) The British govern ment didn’t spend enough money on math education.C) British pupils are not good at math.D) Math lessons in British primary schools need to be improved.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Conservationists call them hot spots —habitats that cover just 1.4 percent of the earth’s land surface but are so rich in biological diversity that preserving them could keep an astonishing number of plant and animal species off the endangered list.Since 1988, when Dr. Norman Myers and his colleagues began describing these hot spots in a series of scientific papers and arguing for their protection, they have become a focus of worldwide conservation efforts. Private organizations and government agencies, including the World Bank, have made preserving 25 such ecological arks a top priority for financing and protective legislation. But a growing chorus of scientists is warning that directing conservation funds to hot spots may be a recipe for major losses in the future. Of species that live on land, nearly half of all plants and more than a third of all animals are found only in the hot spots. But they do not include many rare species and major animal groups that live in less biologically rich regions (“cold spots”). And the hot-spot concept does not factor in the importance of some ecosystems to human beings, the scientists argue.This debate has been simmering quietly among biologists for years; however, it is coming to a boil now with the publication of an article in the current iss ue of American Scientist arguing that “calls to direct conservation funding to the world’s biodiversity hot spots may be bad investment advice.” “The hot-spot concept has grown so popular in recent years within the larger conservation community that it now risks eclipsing all other approaches,” write the authors of the paper. “The officers and directors of all too many foundations, non-governmental organizations and international agencies have been seduced by the simplicity of the hot spot idea,” they go on. “We worry that the initially appealing idea of getting the most species per unit area is, in fact, a thoroughly misleading strategy.”But hot spots have their ardent defenders, notably Dr. Norman Myers and Dr. Russell Mittermeier. Dr. Myers says hot spots have been successful at attracting attention and financing for conservation intropical countries. “And that has been good,” he said. “No one is suggesting that one invest solely in hot spots, but if you want to avoid extinctions, you have to invest in them.”62. The best title for this passage would be ________.A) A Debate on Preserving Hot Spots B) An Introduction to Hot SpotsC) Hot Spots vs. Cold Spots D) How to Finance Hot Spots63. Hot spots occupy a small percentage of the eart h’s land surface with _____________.A) a third of all plantsB) many major animal groups living in cold spotsC) rich biological diversityD) many rare species living in cold spots64. Critics of hot spots hold the opinion that ________.A) hot spots are always as important as cold spotsB) it is unwise to invest largely in hot spotsC) governments should choose the best time to invest in hot spotsD) the hot-spot approach is a misleading strategy from the very beginning65. According to Dr. Norman Myers, _________.A) protecting and investing in hot spots can save species from extinctionB) conservation efforts should not center on hot spotsC) governments should invest most in cold spotsD) the hot-spot approach now is not as good as it was in the past66. What is the writer’s attitude towards the hot-spot approach?A) Critical. B) Neutral. C) Supportive. D) Doubtful.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices markedA), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits intothe passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Everyone knows hand washing is important. But a new study shows how washing your hands _67_ , and at the right time, can have a big impact on your family’s risk of getting sick.Most studies on hand washing focus on _68_ and food service workers. But this m onth’s American Journal of Infection Control focuses on washing hands at _69_ as a way to stop infections from _70_. Several studies show hands are the single most important _71_ route for all types of infections.Even though most people know to wash their hands after using the toilet or handling a diaper (尿布), studies_72_ many people are still ending up with germs on their hands.One study looked in homes of _73_recently vaccinated against polio (脊髓灰质炎). After vaccination, the virus is_74_ to be she d in the baby’s feces (粪便). Researchers found the virus on 13 percent of bathroom, living room and kitchen surfaces. _75_ the virus from the vaccine didn’t pose a health risk, feces-borne viruses can _76_through the home.Doorknobs and toilet flush handl es are key _77_ of germ transmission in the home. That’s why people should focus on cleaning such surfaces _78_ and always wash their hands after touching them. In one study, a _79_ touched a door handle contaminated with a virus. He then shook hands _80_ other volunteers, and spread the virus to six people.The study authors note that the timing of hand washing is key. It’s _81_to wash hands after using the toilet, before eating or handling food. Other crucial times for hand washing are after _82_ a diaper or cleaning up after a pet, or after touching garbage cans, dish rags and utensils that may have come _83_ contact with raw food.While it may be hard to _84_ that something as simple as regular hand washing can make a difference in your 7family’s heal th, consider what happened during the 2003 outbreak of SARS. The outbreak _85_ extensive public and community health measures, including regular hand washing. Not only was the SARS outbreak contained, _86_ other cases of illnesses dropped sharply.67. A) occasionally B) often C) sometimes D) repeatedly68. A) chemical B) physical C) medical D) mental69. A) home B) clinics C) hospitals D) school70. A) living B) spreading C) surviving D) going71. A) transmit B) transfer C) transferring D) transmission72. A) claim B) agree C) suggest D) object73. A) parents B) teachers C) adults D) infants74. A) known B) said C) moved D) added75. A) When B) While C) Why D) Which76. A) travel B) go C) fly D) float77. A) questions B) opportunities C) ideas D) sources78. A) always B) frequently C) regularly D) actually79. A) volunteer B) baby C) worker D) person80. A) in B) on C) with D) through81. A) useless B) obvious C) interesting D) thankful82. A) taking B) using C) changing D) bringing83. A) of B) for C) from D) into84. A) dream B) know C) figure D) believe85. A) triggered B) started C) helped D) saved86. A) yet B) while C) but D) sincePart Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)87. _____________________________( 只要每个中国人) works to his capacity in the construction ofChina’s economy, the rise of Chinese nation is round the corner.88. With a special train ticket you can ___________________________________(任何国家旅行)inEurope for just over 100 pounds.89. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number oftourists_________________________ (和以前一样多).90. The hotel manager, ________________________(我向他投诉过) about the service，refunded part ofour bill.91. The Tower of London, _____________________________________________ (在里面曾有许多人丧命) is now a tourist attraction.。
2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题与答案完整版
Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning)Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers,offering course of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004.Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America‘s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K.In the United States,20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in the summer internships (实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least oneinternational study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai‘s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to t he lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world -class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s.the link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research -university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003,but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago, in the wake ofSeptember 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and the business leaders led to improvements in the process and reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation‘s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ________.A)more popularized than ever beforeB)in-service training organizationsC)a powerful force for global integrationD)more and more research-oriented2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ________.A)at an annual rate of 8 percentB)at an annual rate of 3.9 percentC)by 800,000D)by 2.5 million3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A)38% B)10% C)30% D)20%4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A)They give them chances for international study or internship.B)They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.C)They offer them various courses in international politics.D)They organize a series of seminars on world economy.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities ‘globalization is ________.A)Yale‘s establishing branch campuses throughout the worldB)Yale‘s student exchange program with E uropean institutionsC)Yale‘s helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsD)Yale‘s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research.6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A)It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.B)It was intentionally created by Stanford University.C)It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.D)It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A)It has increased by 3 percent.B)It doubled between 1998 and 2003.C)It has been unsteady for years.D)It has been more than sufficient.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ________.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ________.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and ________.PartⅢ Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Section A11.A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.12.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.B) The man should buy a car of his own.C) The man needn't go shopping every week.D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.13.A) Get more food and drinks.B) Ask his friend to come over.C) Tidy up the place.D) Hold a party.14.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.D) The woman should contact John Smith first.15.A) He understands the woman's feelings.B) He has gone through a similar experience.C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.D) The teacher is just following the regulations.16.A) She will meet the man halfway.B) She will ask David to talk less.C) She is sorry the man will not come.D) She has to invite David to the party.17.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.18.A) Check their computer files.B) Make some computations.C) Study a computer program.D) Assemble a computer.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.B) It requires him to work long hours.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.D) It helps him understand people better.20.A) It is intellectually challenging.B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.D) It demands physical endurance and patience.21.A) In a hospital.B) At a coffee shop.C) At a laundry.D) In a hotel.22.A) Getting along well with colleagues.B) Paying attention to every detail.C) Planning everything in advance.D) Knowing the needs of customers.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) The pocket money British children get.B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on.D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.24.A) It enables children to live better.B) It goes down during economic recession.C) It often rises higher than inflation.D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.25.A) Save up for their future education.B) Pay for small personal things.C) Buy their own shoes and socks.D) Make donations when necessary. 来源:考试大-英语四级考试Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26.A) District managers.B) Regular customers.C) Sales directors.D) Senior clerks.27.A) The support provided by the regular clients.B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.D) The important part played by district managers.28.A) Some of them were political-minded.B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers.D) Most of them were rather conservative.29.A) He used too many quotations.B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point.D) He spent too much time on details.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) State your problem to the head waiter.B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.31.A) You problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.32.A) Demand a prompt response.B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail.D) Stick to the point.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A) Fashion designerB) Architect.C) City planner.D) Engineer.34.A) Do some volunteer work.B) Get a well-paid part-time job.C) Work flexible hours.D) Go back to her previous post.35.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.B) It will add to the family's financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.Section CAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37) ______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38) ______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39) ______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41)______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language. He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists –and (44) ________________________________________________. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) ________________________________________________ until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) ________________________________________________, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.Part ⅣReading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.If our society ever needed a reading renaissance（复兴）, it's now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading47 have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have 48 ,” laments a director of research and analysis. He49 the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games50 problem—solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by 51 viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can't be gained from these other sources, from52 vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they're not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that's a huge problem.”In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data53 last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic's long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun54 from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the55 of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation's youth have56 constant over the past two decades with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds. But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.A. percentB. remainedC. roseD. ratesE. percentageF. countedG. relievedH. presentI. BelievingJ. releasedK. forcing L. improve M. Styles N. building O. attributesSection BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, alth ough it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae （or job history）, with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your n ame, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns.A）informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB）promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC）divides available jobs into various typesD）informs employers of the people available for work58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because. A）there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB）there are so many top level jobs availableC）there are so many people out of workD）the job history is considered to be a work of art59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would.A）write an initial letter giving their life historyB）pass some exams before applying for a jobC）have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD）keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter.A）something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB）hinted information about the personality of the applicantC）one's advantages over others in applying for the jobD）an occasional trick with the aggressive approach61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because.A）there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB）there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC）jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD）the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time,rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages. Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictio ns. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may.A）cause a shortage of apartmentsB）worry those who rent apartments as homesC）increase the profits of landlordsD）encourage landlords to invest in building apartment63. According to the critics, rent control.A）will always benefit those who rent apartmentsB）is unnecessaryC）will bring negative effects in the long runD）is necessary under all circumstances64. The problem of unemployment will arise.A）if the minimum wage is set too highB）if the minimum wage is set too lowC）if the workers are unskilledD）if the maximum wage is set65. The passage tells us.A）the relationship between supply and demandB）the possible results of government controlsC）the necessity of government controlD）the urgency of getting rid of government controls66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A）The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B）Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C）Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D）Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.Part ⅤCloze （15 minutes）Rumor is the most ___67___way of spreading stories—by passing them on from mouth___68___mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better ___69___ of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and___70___, ___71___, rumor ___72__ and becomes widespread. At such ___73___ the different kinds of news are in___74___,the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine.Especially ___75___ rumors spread when war requires censorship(审查，检查) on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer ___76___ enough information. Since the people cannot learn ___77___ legitimate(合法的，正规的) channel s all ___78___ they are anxious to learn, they pick up “news”___79___they can and when this ___80___, rumor thrives.Rumors are often repeated ___81___ by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is ___82___the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims—the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to___83___directly. Pessimistic(悲观的) rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are___84___and anxious. ___85___rumors about record production orpeace soon coming point to complacency(满足，自得) or confidence—and often to ___86___.67. A) primitive B) important C) impossible D) outstanding68. A) till B) to C) for D) by69. A) means B) ways C) sources D) resource70. A) confusion B) peace C) prosperity D) worried71. A) and B) however C) so D) therefore72. A) emerges B) immerge C) immerse D) immense73. A) time B) the times C) times D) the time74. A) compete B) competition C) common D)harmony75. A) do B) did C) are D) were76. A) give up B) give off C) give out D) send off77. A) through B) by C) in D) across78. A) what B) why C) which D) that79. A) wherever B) where C) whatever D) what80. A) happened B) would happen C) happens D) happen81. A) ever B) even C) forever D) much82. A) that B) what C) why D) how83. A) act B) voice C) behave D) do84. A) happy B) relieved C) crazy D) worried85. A) Bad B) Pessimistic C) Optimistic D) Good86. A) overconfidence B) overweight C) overconsiderate D) overproducePart ⅥTranslation （5 minutes）Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that __________________________ (我都拿不定主意买哪一种).88. The light in the office is still on._________________________ (他忘记关了).89. His composition was so confusing that _____________________________ (我简直看不懂).90.As the saying goes, reading without reflecting is like __________________________ (吃饭不消化).91._______________________ (他的回答是这样) that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.。
四级听力辅导20套简易答案
听力20套题答案Model Test 111-15 DCCAB16-20 AAAAD21-25 BDBDA26-30 BCDDA31-35 BCBAB36.rains 37. lighting 38. thunder 39. nature40.flashing 41. around 42. insist 43. relative44.with about 2000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night.45.Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them.46.the sound of the thunder takes about five seconds to travel just one mile.Model Test 211-15 CCADB16-20 DABBA21-25 BCABA26-30 CCCDD31-35 CCADB36.cure 37. common 38. backyard 39. mixture40.customer 41. medical 42. accident 43. headache44.he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he waited.45.The customer agreed, and after drinking it, remarked how good it tasted46.carbonated colas are sold in most countries around the worldModel Test 311-15 ABACD16-20 CACBE21-25 ACDBD26-30 ADDAB31-35 BAACD36.practically 37. vary 38. principle 39. risk40.claim 41. security 42. worthwhile 43. individuals44.It is among the most common forms of risk management.45.In many places, workers may receive insurance as a condition of their employment46.Life insurance provides financial assistance to a person's family in case of his or her death.Model Test 411-15 CBCDC16-20 ACBCD21-25 DBBAD26-30 BDACC31-35 ABABC36.confusing 37. Professional 38. eventually 39. realize40.preparation 41. behave 42. identity 43. observe44.you'll be able to find out what it is that you admire in this person.45.you'll be able to learn what his approach to everyday situation is46.you'll probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Model Test 511-15 CDCCC16-20 ABABD21-25 CCABD26-30 CCBDB31-35 CADCA36.straightforward 37.presented 38. confused 39. currently40.financial 41. invest 42. abundant 43. commitment44.offer you many exceptional benefits towards a successful and fulfilling career.45.professional training and guidance to make the most of your individual skills and education46.expecting rapidly and can offer you a rewarding career path----both in the short term and the longer term.Model Test 611-15 DBCCB16-20 DDBAD21-25 CCADD26-30 ABDBD31-35 CCDBA36.relationship 37.contrast 38. individual 39. derivespound 41. continent 42. divide 43. distinction44.starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act upon each other.45.A geographer might be described as one who observes, records and explains the differences between places46.just as there are no two identical snowflakes in the world, no place is exactly the same as anotherModel Test 711-15 ADBBA16-20 CBCBC21-25 DABDA26-30 BCDBD31-35 CBDAC36.decades 37. notion 38. further 39 .suffers40.benefit 41. estimated 42.specialist 43. recommend44.Not many years ago, back pain patients were put to bed, sometimes for weeks or months.45.if you stay in bes, your muscle strength can decline by as much as three percent per day.46.A lot of attention has recently been paid to possible links between depression and back pain.Model Test 811-15 ADACD16-20 DDCCB21-25 DADDA26-30 DACBC31-35 ADDBA36.significant 37. comprehensive 38. offer 39. coverage40.individual 41. guarantee 42. unlike 43. medically44.insurers may reject your application or attach exclusions to your policy.45.any insurer selling individual health plans must offer you a policy.46.People enrolled in individual plans pay premiums that are more in line with their expected health costs.Model Test 911-15CDCBC16-20 BBDBB21-25 ABABC26-30 ABBCB31-35 ADBAD36.excessively 37. occurring 38. impression 39. obvious40.reflected 41. reactions 42. influenced 43. sensitive44.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they are unworthy of praise.45.It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strength.46.It is not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have difficulty in some areas.Model Test 1011-15 BAACA16-20 BCDBA21-25 DABBC26-30 DABDC31-35 CDBCD36.contrary 37. enriched 38. streaming 39. account40.besides 41. intellectual 42. concerned 43. Academic44.and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning45. this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills.46.We expected our pupils to do their best, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.Model Test 1111-15 ADCBD16-20 ABBBC21-25 DBCAD26-30 BDBCC31-35 ACCDC36.rank 37. including 38. reach 39. exciting40.prizes 41. artistic 42. considered 43. impression44.However, this is because many Americans have different attitudes toward authority that may exit in other areas of the world.45.It is vital to remember that it is the person's ideas that are being questioned, not the individual himself.46.so that the work of the business can progress in the most effective manner possibleModel Test 1211-15 BBDBB16-20 BCCAC21-25 CBDBA26-30 BCDAB31-35 DDACA36.effort 37.improve 38. tricks 39. really40.left 41. locking 42. work 43. sitting44.I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.45.Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years46.There are times when “tricks” of our memory can cause us great troubleModel Test 1311-15 DCACB16-20 CDDCC21-25 BBDBC26-30 BBCAC31-35 BADCB36.vary 37. outer 38. fare 39. collection40.economical 41. combines 42. available 43. sightseeing44.You can travel anywhere you like within the vast 650 square miles travel card areas45.just use whatever form of transport that suits you best for any combination of trips46.This is the modern, convenient and flexible ticket for your daily journey to work Model Test 1411-15 ABABC16-20 DDDAB21-25 BBACA26-30 CCDAD31-35 BADBD36.source 37.heat 38. billions 39. release40.atoms 41. converted 42.radio 43. absorbed44.As the energy filters through the layers of the solar interior.45.it has reached what we call the solar surface46.A very small fraction of the Sun’s light and heat is emitted in such directions Model Test 1511-15 DBBCC16-20 BCBAB21-25 CABCB26-30 AACBA31-35 ADCBD36.wherever 37. personal 38. symbols 39. built40.auto-related 41. effects 42. wildlife 43. destructive44.riding in cars is one of the most dangerous things we fo in our daily lives.45.Half of the world's people will be involved in an auto accident at sometime in their lives.46.In the United States, they produce at least 50% of the country's air pollution. Model Test 1611-15 DDBBB16-20 DABBC21-25 DCDCA26-30 AACBD31-35 BBCDA36.dangerous 37.strenghens 38. pressure 39. provides40.emotional 41. tension 42.reported 43. active44.Fitness walking can be done almost anywhere, anytime and no special equipment is needed.45.in fitness walking, it is important to remember that your footsteps should fall almost in a straight line46.Experts advise drinking lots of liquids, especially water, before and after each walk Model Test 1711-15 ACACC21-25 BCDAC26-30 ACBBC31-35 DAADC36.extra 37.demonstrated 38. effects 39.keyboard40.normally 41. improve 42.different 43. closely44.They found the improvement seemed to be directly linked to a kind of sleep at the end of a person’s normal sleeping period.45.The findings could help musicians, doctors or anyone else who is learning difficult skills that have to be repeated.46.the intensity of learning new skills and information may increase the brains demand for many hours of sleepModel Test 1811-15 AADAA16-20 BDBCD21-25 ADDAC26-30 DABCC31-35 ADBDD36.aspects 37.develop 38. distorts 39.chosen40.encouraged 41. standardized 42.lesson 43. measured44.we can get a sense of whether that student enjoys learning, is functioning well with others, and feels good about himself.45.We know that a person with good sense of humor has better healing qualities.ughter also relieves boredom, tension, guilt, depression, headaches and backachesModel Test 1911-15 ABBBA16-20 BCCCA21-25 DBDCA26-30 DCBBC31-35 DACCA36.showing 37.instrument 38. visible 39.virtually40.associated 41. practices 42.acknowledged 43. undergone44.What is termed traditional music today is probably very different from what African music sounded like some centuries ago45.In addition, the individual musician, with his individual style and creativity, is of great importance.46.Distribution may change quite rapidly and distribution maps, therefore, are valid only is based on material collected within a relatively narrow time spanModel Test 2011-15 DAABA21-25 CBACB26-30 DDABA31-35 CCDAD36.Graduate 37. Smooth 38. Several 39. Located40.Dining 41. Single 42. Complex 43. Community44.They are on the south side of campus, near the downtown bus stop.e to me if you want to add your name to the list.46.be sure to check out at the off-campus housing office.。
2012年专四听力与答案
2012年专四听力真题与答案PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two．SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation.l．The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers on A．product price．B．product quality．C．manufacturers．D．production methods．2．According to the conversation，an ethical shopper shouldA．ask for others’advice before buying things．B．consider the worth of something to be bought．C．postpone buying things whenever possible．D．search for things that are less costly．3．According to the conversation，ethical shoppers can be best described as A．shrewd．B．thrifty．C．extravagant．D．cautious．Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation．4．Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Mary?A．She is enjoying her language study．B．She is enjoying her management study．C．She is not feeling very well at the moment．D．She is not happy about her study pressure．5．What does Mary think of the course initially?A．It is useful．B．It is difficult．C．It is challenging．D．It is interesting．6．What is Mary’s problem of living in a family house?A．She dislikes the food she eats．B．She is unable to sleep well．C．She has no chance to make friends．D．She finds the rent high．7．Which of the following is Mr．Davies’advice?A．To try to make more friends．B．To try to change accommodation．C．To spend more time on English．D．To stop attending language classes．Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation．8．According to the conversation，the day is special becauseA．many people are surfing the net on that day．B．it is an anniversary of the internet．C．the net brought about no changes until that day．D．big changes will take place on that day．9．We learn from the conversation that peopleA．cannot Jive without the internet．B．cannot work without the internet．C．all use the internet to keep in touch．D．have varied opinions about internet use．10．At the end of the conversation．the speakers talk aboutA．the future of the internet．B．the type of office furniture．C．when changes will come．D．how people will use the internet．SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section，you will hear several passages．Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．11．In order to open a bank account，you need to produce____in addition to your passport．A．a library card B．a registration formC．a telephone bill D．a receipt12．Which of the following might NOT be included in the‘utility bill’?A．Rent．B．Gas．C．Water．D．Telephone．13．According to the passage，what can one do in the post office?A．Getting contact details．B．Obtaining tax forms．C．Paying housing rents．D．Applying for loans．Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．14．According to the passage，‘scheduling’means that youA．need to be efficient in work．B．plan your work properly．C．try to finish work ahead of time．D．know how to work in teams．15．According to the passage, one of the activities to relax could beA．protecting wild animals．B．spending time with your family．C．learning how to read efficiently．D．learning how to do gardening．16．One of the ways to reduce stress is toA．do better than anyone else．B．fulfill high ambitions in one's work．C．work and have reasonable aims．D．start with a relatively low aim．17．According to the passage，to reduce stress has something to do with the following EXCEPT A．one's position．B．one's interest．C．one's health．D．one's mood．Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．18．According to the passage，new words tend to come fromA．world politics．B．advances in science．C．areas of life．D．all the above．19．The passage explains the larger and richer vocabulary of English mainly from a viewpoint．A．historical B．culturalC．commercial D．colonial20．According to the passage，which of the following statements best describes the English language?A．It is outdated in grammar．B．It accepts new words from science．C．It has begun taking in new words．D．It tends to embrace new words．SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section，you will hear several news items．Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 21 and 22 are based OH the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news．21．Where was the marble statue found?A．Out in the sea．B．Inside a bath house．C．On a cliff along the coast．D．On the coast outside Jerusalem．22．Which of the following best describes the condition of the statue?A．It was incomplete．B．It was recent artwork．C．It was fairly tall．D．It was in pieces．Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item．you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．23．The rescue efforts concentrated mainly onA．the U．S．-Canada border B．snow-stricken regions．C．highways．D．city streets．24．According to the news，the last group of people might have been stranded in their vehicles for more than ____ hours before being rescued．A．24 B．25 C．40 D．48Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．25．According to the 2006 anti-smoking restrictions，smoking was NOT allowed in A．offices．B．restaurants．C．bars．D．school playgrounds．26．According to the news，which of the following groups reacts negatively to the new law?A．Television producers．B．Hotel owners．C．Medical workers．D．Hospital management．Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．27．According to the news，who first discovered the fraud?A．A client．B．A bank manager．C．The police．D．Bank headquarters．28．When did the bank employee hand himself in?A．A month before the fraud was discovered．B．A day before the fraud was discovered．C．A day after the police launched investigation．D．A month after he transferred the money．Question 29 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．29．What is this news item mainly about?A．How to open Hotmail accounts．B．How to retrieve missing e-mails．C．New e-mail service by Microsoft．D．Problems and complaints about e-mails．Question30 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．30．Compared with 2009，which of the following figures remained about the same in 2010?A．Number of tickets sold．B．Box office revenues．C．Attendance rate．D．Number of cinemas．Eco-tourismNowadays, many of us try to live in a way that would damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles; we take public transport to get to work; and we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables. And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more. Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following. First, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area. Second, they should benefit the local people. Third,they should make a profit without destroying natural resources, and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.SECTION A1-5. CBDDA 6-10. CBBDA;SECTION B11-15. CADBD 16-20. CADAD;SECTION C21-25. DACDA 26-30. BACDB。
四级听力辅导20套简易答案
听力20套题答案Model Test 111-15 DCCAB16-20 AAAAD21-25 BDBDA26-30 BCDDA31-35 BCBAB36.rains 37. lighting 38. thunder 39. nature40.flashing 41. around 42. insist 43. relative44.with about 2000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night.45.Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them.46.the sound of the thunder takes about five seconds to travel just one mile.Model Test 211-15 CCADB16-20 DABBA21-25 BCABA26-30 CCCDD31-35 CCADB36.cure 37. common 38. backyard 39. mixture40.customer 41. medical 42. accident 43. headache44.he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he waited.45.The customer agreed, and after drinking it, remarked how good it tasted46.carbonated colas are sold in most countries around the worldModel Test 311-15 ABACD16-20 CACBE21-25 ACDBD26-30 ADDAB31-35 BAACD36.practically 37. vary 38. principle 39. risk40.claim 41. security 42. worthwhile 43. individuals44.It is among the most common forms of risk management.45.In many places, workers may receive insurance as a condition of their employment46.Life insurance provides financial assistance to a person'sfamily in case of his or her death.Model Test 411-15 CBCDC16-20 ACBCD21-25 DBBAD26-30 BDACC31-35 ABABC36.confusing 37. Professional 38. eventually 39. realize40.preparation 41. behave 42. identity 43. observe44.you'll be able to find out what it is that you admire in this person.45.you'll be able to learn what his approach to everyday situationis46.you'll probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Model Test 511-15 CDCCC16-20 ABABD21-25 CCABD26-30 CCBDB31-35 CADCA36.straightforward 37.presented 38. confused 39. currently40.financial 41. invest 42. abundant 43. commitment44.offer you many exceptional benefits towards a successful and fulfilling career.45.professional training and guidance to make the most of your individual skills and education46.expecting rapidly and can offer you a rewarding career path----both in the short term and the longer term.Model Test 611-15 DBCCB16-20 DDBAD21-25 CCADD26-30 ABDBD31-35 CCDBA36.relationship 37.contrast 38. individual 39. derivespound 41. continent 42. divide 43. distinction44.starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act upon each other.45.A geographer might be described as one who observes, records and explains the differences between places46.just as there are no two identical snowflakes in the world, no place is exactly the same as anotherModel Test 711-15 ADBBA16-20 CBCBC21-25 DABDA26-30 BCDBD31-35 CBDAC36.decades 37. notion 38. further 39 .suffers40.benefit 41. estimated 42.specialist 43. recommend44.Not many years ago, back pain patients were put to bed, sometimes for weeks or months.45.if you stay in bes, your muscle strength can decline by as much as three percent per day.46.A lot of attention has recently been paid to possible links between depression and back pain.Model Test 811-15 ADACD16-20 DDCCB21-25 DADDA26-30 DACBC31-35 ADDBA36.significant 37. comprehensive 38. offer 39. coverage40.individual 41. guarantee 42. unlike 43. medically44.insurers may reject your application or attach exclusions to your policy.45.any insurer selling individual health plans must offer you a policy.46.People enrolled in individual plans pay premiums that are more in line with their expected health costs.Model Test 911-15CDCBC16-20 BBDBB21-25 ABABC26-30 ABBCB31-35 ADBAD36.excessively 37. occurring 38. impression 39. obvious40.reflected 41. reactions 42. influenced 43. sensitive44.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they are unworthy of praise.45.It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strength.46.It is not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have difficulty in some areas.Model Test 1011-15 BAACA16-20 BCDBA21-25 DABBC26-30 DABDC31-35 CDBCD36.contrary 37. enriched 38. streaming 39. account40.besides 41. intellectual 42. concerned 43. Academic44.and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning45. this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills.46.We expected our pupils to do their best, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.Model Test 1111-15 ADCBD16-20 ABBBC21-25 DBCAD26-30 BDBCC31-35 ACCDC36.rank 37. including 38. reach 39. exciting40.prizes 41. artistic 42. considered 43. impression44.However, this is because many Americans have different attitudes toward authority that may exit in other areas of the world.45.It is vital to remember that it is the person's ideas that are being questioned, not the individual himself.46.so that the work of the business can progress in the most effective manner possibleModel Test 1211-15 BBDBB16-20 BCCAC21-25 CBDBA26-30 BCDAB31-35 DDACA36.effort 37.improve 38. tricks 39. really40.left 41. locking 42. work 43. sitting44.I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.45.Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years46.There are times when “tricks” of our memory can cause us great troubleModel Test 1311-15 DCACB16-20 CDDCC21-25 BBDBC26-30 BBCAC31-35 BADCB36.vary 37. outer 38. fare 39. collection40.economical 41. combines 42. available 43. sightseeing44.You can travel anywhere you like within the vast 650 square miles travel card areas45.just use whatever form of transport that suits you best for any combination of trips46.This is the modern, convenient and flexible ticket for yourdaily journey to work Model Test 1411-15 ABABC16-20 DDDAB21-25 BBACA26-30 CCDAD31-35 BADBD36.source 37.heat 38. billions 39. release40.atoms 41. converted 42.radio 43. absorbed44.As the energy filters through the layers of the solar interior.45.it has reached what we call the solar surface46.A very small fraction of the Sun’s light and heat is emitted in such directions Model Test 1511-15 DBBCC16-20 BCBAB21-25 CABCB26-30 AACBA31-35 ADCBD36.wherever 37. personal 38. symbols 39. built40.auto-related 41. effects 42. wildlife 43. destructive44.riding in cars is one of the most dangerous things we fo in our daily lives.45.Half of the world's people will be involved in an auto accident at sometime in their lives.46.In the United States, they produce at least 50% of the country's air pollution. Model Test 1611-15 DDBBB16-20 DABBC21-25 DCDCA26-30 AACBD31-35 BBCDA36.dangerous 37.strenghens 38. pressure 39. provides40.emotional 41. tension 42.reported 43. active44.Fitness walking can be done almost anywhere, anytime and no special equipment is needed.45.in fitness walking, it is important to remember that your footsteps should fall almost in a straight line46.Experts advise drinking lots of liquids, especially water, before and after each walk Model Test 1711-15 ACACC21-25 BCDAC26-30 ACBBC31-35 DAADC36.extra 37.demonstrated 38. effects 39.keyboard40.normally 41. improve 42.different 43. closely44.They found the improvement seemed to be directly linked to a kind of sleep at the end of a person’s normal sleeping period.45.The findings could help musicians, doctors or anyone else who is learning difficult skills that have to be repeated.46.the intensity of learning new skills and information may increase the brains demand for many hours of sleepModel Test 1811-15 AADAA16-20 BDBCD21-25 ADDAC26-30 DABCC31-35 ADBDD36.aspects 37.develop 38. distorts 39.chosen40.encouraged 41. standardized 42.lesson 43. measured44.we can get a sense of whether that student enjoys learning, is functioning well with others, and feels good about himself.45.We know that a person with good sense of humor has better healing qualities.ughter also relieves boredom, tension, guilt, depression, headaches and backachesModel Test 1911-15 ABBBA16-20 BCCCA21-25 DBDCA26-30 DCBBC31-35 DACCA36.showing 37.instrument 38. visible 39.virtually40.associated 41. practices 42.acknowledged 43. undergone44.What is termed traditional music today is probably very different from what African music sounded like some centuries ago45.In addition, the individual musician, with his individual style and creativity, is of great importance.46.Distribution may change quite rapidly and distribution maps, therefore, are valid only is based on material collected within arelatively narrow time spanModel Test 2011-15 DAABA21-25 CBACB26-30 DDABA31-35 CCDAD36.Graduate 37. Smooth 38. Several 39. Located40.Dining 41. Single 42. Complex 43. Community44.They are on the south side of campus, near the downtown bus stop.e to me if you want to add your name to the list.46.be sure to check out at the off-campus housing office.。
郑航2012.12英语四级Model Test-10(答案)
2012年12月英语四级（十套模拟题答案） Model Test-10Part ⅠWritingOn Blind-date ShowNowadays, the blind-date shows are becoming more and more popular. Whenever we turn on TV, those incredible scenes of blind-date shows would pop up on the screen. Many people, from teenagers to the elderly, are so crazy about these shows that they never miss a single chance to watch them.Three reasons would contribute to the popularity of these blind-date shows. To begin with, there are over 180 million people who remain single long after they have reached the official age for marriage. Moreover, a great number of people would like to amuse themselves by watching other people dating. Last but not least, more and more television producers add a couple of attractive elements to cater for the different tastes of the audience. In my view, the government should impose restrictions to these blind-date shows. Many of these shows advocate money-worship and materialism; quite a few of the guests’ identities are artificial. If these problems are not solved, the misleading effects can be disastrous.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. C 文章标题是“what makes a high school great?”，通览全文，发现文章通过举例的方法论述使得中学了不起的原则，C 正确。
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听力20套题答案Model Test 111-15 DCCAB16-20 AAAAD21-25 BDBDA26-30 BCDDA31-35 BCBAB36.rains 37. lighting 38. thunder 39. nature40.flashing 41. around 42. insist 43. relative44.with about 2000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night.45.Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them.46.the sound of the thunder takes about five seconds to travel just one mile.Model Test 211-15 CCADB16-20 DABBB21-25 BCDBA26-30 CCCDD31-35 CCADB36.cure 37. common 38. backyard 39. mixture40.customer 41. medical 42. accident 43. headache44.he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he waited.45.The customer agreed, and after drinking it, remarked how good it tasted46.carbonated colas are sold in most countries around the worldModel Test 311-15 ABACD16-20 CACBC21-25 ACDBD26-30 ADDAB31-35 BAACD36.practically 37. vary 38. principle 39. risk40.claim 41. security 42. worthwhile 43. individuals44.It is among the most common forms of risk management.45.In many places, workers may receive insurance as a condition of their employment46.Life insurance provides financial assistance to a person's family in case of his or her death.Model Test 411-15 CBCDC16-20 ACBCD21-25 DBBAD26-30 BDACC31-35 ABABC36.confusing 37. Professional 38. eventually 39. realize 40.preparation 41. behave 42. identity 43. observe44.you'll be able to find out what it is that you admire in this person.45.you'll be able to learn what his approach to everyday situation is46.you'll probably begin to identify and learn good working habits.Model Test 511-15 CDCCC16-20 ABABD21-25 CCABD26-30 CCBDB31-35 CADCA36.straightforward 37.presented 38. confused 39. currently 40.financial 41. invest 42. abundant 43. commitment44.offer you many exceptional benefits towards a successful and fulfilling career.45.professional training and guidance to make the most of your individual skills and education46.expecting rapidly and can offer you a rewarding career path----both in the short term and the longer term.Model Test 611-15 DBCCB16-20 DDBAD21-25 CCADD26-30 ABDBD31-35 CCDBA36.relationship 37.contrast 38. individual 39. derivespound 41. continent 42. divide 43. distinction44.starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act upon each other.45.A geographer might be described as one who observes, records and explains the differences between places46.just as there are no two identical snowflakes in the world, no place is exactly the same as anotherModel Test 711-15 ADBBA16-20 CBCBC21-25 DABDA26-30 BCDBD31-35 CBDAC36.decades 37. notion 38. further 39 .suffers40.benefit 41. estimated 42.specialist 43. recommend 44.Not many years ago, back pain patients were put to bed, sometimes for weeks or months.45.if you stay in bes, your muscle strength can decline by as much as three percent per day.46.A lot of attention has recently been paid to possible links between depression and back pain.Model Test 811-15 ADACD16-20 DDCCB21-25 DADDA26-30 DACBC31-35 ADDBA36.significant 37. comprehensive 38. offer 39. coverage40.individual 41. guarantee 42. unlike 43. medically44.insurers may reject your application or attach exclusions to your policy.45.any insurer selling individual health plans must offer you a policy.46.People enrolled in individual plans pay premiums that are more in line with their expected health costs.Model Test 911-15CDCBC16-20 BBDBB21-25 ABABC26-30 ABBCB31-35 ADBAD36.excessively 37. occurring 38. impression 39. obvious40.reflected 41. reactions 42. influenced 43. sensitive 44.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they are unworthy of praise.45.It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strength.46.It is not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have difficulty in some areas.Model Test 1011-15 BAACA16-20 BCDBA21-25 DABBC26-30 DABDC31-35 CDBCD36.contrary 37. enriched 38. streaming 39. account 40.besides 41. intellectual 42. concerned 43. Academic 44.and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning45. this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills.46.We expected our pupils to do their best, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.Model Test 1111-15 ADCBD16-20 ABBBC21-25 DBCAD26-30 BDBCC31-35 ACCDC36.rank 37. including 38. reach 39. exciting40.prizes 41. artistic 42. considered 43. impression 44.However, this is because many Americans have different attitudes toward authority that may exit in other areas of theworld.45.It is vital to remember that it is the person's ideas that are being questioned, not the individual himself.46.so that the work of the business can progress in the most effective manner possibleModel Test 1211-15 BBDBB16-20 BCCAC21-25 CBDBA26-30 BCDAB31-35 DDACA36.effort 37.improve 38. tricks 39. really40.left 41. locking 42. work 43. sitting44.I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.45.Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years46.There are ti mes when “tricks” of our memory can cause us great troubleModel Test 1311-15 DCACB16-20 CDDCC21-25 BBDBC26-30 BBCAC31-35 BADCB36.vary 37. outer 38. fare 39. collection40.economical 41. combines 42. available 43. sightseeing44.Y ou can travel anywhere you like within the vast 650 square miles travel card areas45.just use whatever form of transport that suits you best for any combination of trips46.This is the modern, convenient and flexible ticket for your daily journey to workModel Test 1411-15 ABABC16-20 DDDAB21-25 BBACA26-30 CCDAD31-35 BADBD36.source 37.heat 38. billions 39. release40.atoms 41. converted 42.radio 43. absorbed44.As the energy filters through the layers of the solar interior.45.it has reached what we call the solar surface46.A very small fraction of the Sun’s light and heat is emitted in such directionsModel Test 1511-15 DBBCC16-20 BCBAB21-25 CABCB26-30 AACBA31-35 ADCBD36.wherever 37. personal 38. symbols 39. built 40.auto-related 41. effects 42. wildlife 43. destructive44.riding in cars is one of the most dangerous things we fo in our daily lives.45.Half of the world's people will be involved in an auto accident at sometime in their lives.46.In the United States, they produce at least 50% of the country's air pollution.Model Test 1611-15 DDBBB16-20 DABBC21-25 DCDCA26-30 AACBD31-35 BBCDA36.dangerous 37.strenghens 38. pressure 39. provides40.emotional 41. tension 42.reported 43. active44.Fitness walking can be done almost anywhere, anytime and no special equipment is needed.45.in fitness walking, it is important to remember that your footsteps should fall almost in a straight line46.Experts advise drinking lots of liquids, especially water, before and after each walkModel Test 1711-15 ACACC16-20 CAAAC21-25 BCDAC26-30 ACBBC31-35 DAADC36.extra 37.demonstrated 38. effects 39.keyboard40.normally 41. improve 42.different 43. closely44.They found the improvement seemed to be directly linked to a kind of s leep at the end of a person’s normal sleeping period. 45.The findings could help musicians, doctors or anyone else who is learning difficult skills that have to be repeated.46.the intensity of learning new skills and information may increase the brains demand for many hours of sleepModel Test 1811-15 AADAA16-20 BDBCD21-25 ADDAC26-30 DABCC31-35 ADBDD36.aspects 37.develop 38. distorts 39.chosen40.encouraged 41. standardized 42.lesson 43. measured44.we can get a sense of whether that student enjoys learning, is functioning well with others, and feels good about himself.45.We know that a person with good sense of humor has better healing qualities.ughter also relieves boredom, tension, guilt, depression, headaches and backachesModel Test 1911-15 ABBBA16-20 BCCCA21-25 DBDCA26-30 DCBBC31-35 DACCA36.showing 37.instrument 38. visible 39.virtually40.associated 41. practices 42.acknowledged 43. undergone 44.What is termed traditional music today is probably very different from what African music sounded like some centuries ago45.In addition, the individual musician, with his individual style and creativity, is of great importance.46.Distribution may change quite rapidly and distribution maps, therefore, are valid only is based on material collected within a relatively narrow time spanModel Test 2011-15 DAABA16-20 ACBDA21-25 CBACB26-30 DDABA31-35 CCDAD36.Graduate 37. Smooth 38. Several 39. Located 40.Dining 41. Single 42. Complex 43. Community 44.They are on the south side of campus, near the downtown bus stop.e to me if you want to add your name to the list.46.be sure to check out at the off-campus housing office.。