高中英语阅读理解专题训练之欧阳法创编

高中英语阅读理解专题训练
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A(words:311&225)
The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.
Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those
in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt
from payment.
Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century—provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change
their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.
41. We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.
A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody
B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up
C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948
D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers
42. What do we know about the NHS?
A. It’s managed by the central government.
B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.
C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.
D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.
43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________.
A. take care of the local people’s health
B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best
C. work under high pressure nowadays
D. have more responsibilities than before
44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?
A. suffering
B. different
C. prevented
D. free
45. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________.
A. many hospitals are too old to be used
B. some services are in the charge of individuals
C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment
D. there is not enough money for further reform
【答案与解析】41—45 CCBDD
国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当
局管理。

建立国家保健中心的最初目的
是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。

41. C。

细节理解题。

根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。

42. C。

细节理解题。

根据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe…”可知。

从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。

43. B。

细节理解题。

根据最后一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。

44. D。

猜测词义题。

前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。

45. D。

细节理解题。

根据最后一自然段最后一句可
知。

B（words:281&217）
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insi sts that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.
46．The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _______________.
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses
B. students spend endless hours in reading
C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading
47．The teaching of reading will be successful if _______________.
A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable
48．The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“______________”.
A. inquiry
B. observation
C. control
D. suspicion
49．According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______________.
A. children become highly motivated
B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D. reading enriches children’s experience
50．The main idea of the passage is that ______________.
A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D. reading is more complicated that generally believed
【答案与解析】46—50 DBBAC
本文是一篇议论文，在对传统的阅读教学方式进行批判的同时，论述了作者自己阅读的教学观：阅读的教与学是两个完全不同的过程。

教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围。

学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的；教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，
激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。

只有这样，学生才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。

46．D。

推理判断题。

依据文章第一自然段第3行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading..”（教学生如何阅读当然不是带着学生花费大量的时间去一点一点地读）。

可以看出，作者认为现在教阅读的时间太多了，这当然是因为教而不教法。

所以选项D正确。

47．B。

细节理解题。

依据文章第二自然段第2行开始的句子：“The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read”（教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围），B 项符合上述意思，为正确答案。

48．B。

意义猜测题。

该题为猜测词义。

inquiry“询问”。

observation“观察”。

control“控制”。

suspicion“怀疑”。

该词出现在第三自然段最后一句“process is not open to public scrutiny”，考生可从该句的上文作出推测。

最明显的提示出现在第二自然段
最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity；it can be seen and observed”所以，scrutiny最可能的词义应该是observation，故B项正确。

49．A。

细节理解题。

依据文章第四自然段、第五自然段所提供的信息，特别是第5段第3行“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading”（当教师们创造了一种环境，使孩子们有机会自己通过阅读解决所遇到的问题时，学习阅读就变得容易多了），可以看出A项与之最为相近。

50．C。

主旨大意题。

依据文章第一自然段第4行“reading cannot be taught directly and…”说明学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的。

教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。

只有这样，学生才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。

所以选项C 正确。

其他选项与文章讨论的范围不符。

C（words:348&282）
TAIBEI－Increasing numbers of Taiwanese
students are joining the island’s “China rush”, seeking education on the Chinese mainland．
According to official Chinese figures, the number of Taiwanese students admitted into college and postgraduate（研究生）programs on the mainland totaled 461 in 1996, 928 in 1997 and 839 in 1998．Although no latest official numbers were available,” Netbig. Com Said this number had risen between 30 to 50 percent annually in the past two years with well over 1000 entering mainland campuses last year.
The Internet site, based in the Chinese city of Shenzhen, provides education service and information on Chinese mainland college and universities. “Many Taiwanese believe a Chinese education giving more knowledge about the people and culture in the mainland will increase their chances in the Chinese job market, Net. Com vice-president Ingrid Huang said．“I believe itwill give me hands-on experience in the business field in the Chinese mainland and a better understanding of the Chinese mainland people,” said Lydia Chang, a
19-year-old majoring in journalism at ShihShinUniversity. Chang plans to go on to get a master’s degree in business administration in Shanghai, which she says offers the best environment for such studies.
A journalism graduate student, surnamed Lin, at the NationalTaiwanUniversity said he would like to study law on the Chinese mainland since “there will be better career prospects now that more Taiwanese companies are going there”. “They hope the chil dren could build up connections which could later become useful in their business operations,” said Yang Ching-yao, professor of the Chinese mainland studies. A Netbig. Com survey showed the campuses favored by Taiwan students included Beijing, Qinghua and Renmin universities in Beijing, and Jinan and Zhongshan universities in Guangzhou. The most popular studies were law, business and Chinese medicine.
At present, Chinese Taibei doesn’t recognize diplomas earned in the Chinese mainland nor help with any inquiries about studying there. But recognizing the
trend, education authorities are giving a final form to a policy accepting certificates（证书）from selected universities.
51．More Taiwanese students study on the Chinese mainland because ___________.
A．Taiwan will reunite with the mainland sooner or later
B．the fees asked for are lower than those of Taiwan C．what they have learned on the mainland will bring them a bright future
D．there are many famous universities for them to choose
52．Some business executives were sending their children to study in the Chinese mainland so that their children ___________.
A．could receive better education
B．could learn more about the policy there
C．could do well in the business operations D．could make more friends there
53．The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph
refers to __________.
A．Netbig. Com B．a Chinese education on the mainland
C．the Chinese job market D．the university 54．The author wrote the article to tell us ______________.
A．more Taiwanese students are studying on the mainland
B．the number of Taiwanese students going to universities on the mainland had been increasing year after year
C．education on the mainland is more attractive compared with that of Taiwan
D．Taiwan and the mainland should cooperate with each other in every field.
55．Which is true according to the passage?
A．Chinese Taibei recognizes diplomas earned on the Chinese mainland
B．The number of Taiwanese students going to study on the mainland will surely be increasing in the
next few years.
C．Chinese Taibei doesn’t help with any inquiries about Taiwanese studying in the mainland D．Education of Taiwan is far behind the mainland.【答案与解析】51~55 CCBAC
现在台湾学生来中国留学的人数在增加，台湾学生来中国留学是为自己以后找到好的工作创造更多的机会和途径。

51．C。

细节理解题。

综合文章第二、三、四自然段可知，台湾学生来中国留学是为自己以后找到好的工作创造更多的机会和途径。

52. C。

推理判断题。

通过文章第五自然段中“They
hope the children could build up connections
which could later become useful in their business
operations,” 一句话可知。

53．B。

意义猜测题。

通过原文可知这里“it”指的是“大陆的教育”。

54．A。

主旨大意题。

虽然现在台湾学生来中国留学的人数在增加，但是文章并没有说大陆教育比台湾教育更吸引人，也没有谈到台湾和大陆的合
作。

55．C。

推理判断题。

通过文章最后一自然段第一句话“At present, Chinese Taibei doesn’t recognize diplomas earned in the Chinese mainland nor help with any inquiries about studying there.”可知台北不承认大陆学历，也不为台湾来中国留学的学生提供任何帮助；另外文章也没有说下一步台湾来中国留学的学生垦定会增加，也没有说台湾教育落后于大陆。

高考英语新题型解答技巧——阅读简答题
（一）
Scientists have tried to come up with biological explanations for the difference between boys and girls.
However, none were believable enough to explain the general picture. As one scie ntist points out, “There are slight genetic differences between the sexes at birth which may affect the subjects boys and girls choose. But the difficulty is that by the time children reach school age, there are so many other effects that it is almost impossible to tell whether girls are worse at science and maths, or
whether they’ve been brought up to think of these subjects as boys’ ‘territory’”.
Statistics show that in mathematics, at least, girls are equal to boys. A recent report suggests that girls only stop studying mathematics because of social attitudes. One of the reports’ authors says, “While it is socially unacceptable for people not to be able to read and write, it is still acceptable for women to say that they are
‘hope-less’ at maths. Our res earch shows that, although girls get marks which are as good as the boys, they have not been encouraged to do so.”
The explanation for the difference, which is very clear during the teenage years, goes as far back as early childhood experiences. From their first days in nursery school, girls are not encouraged to work on their own or to complete tasks, although boys are. For example, boys and not girls, are often asked to ‘help’ with repair work. This encouragement leads to a way of learning how to solve problems later on in life. Evidence shows that exceptional mathematicians and scientists did not have
teachers who supplied answers; they had to find out for themselves.
A further report on maths teaching shows that teachers seem to give more attention to boys than to girls.
Most teachers who took part in the study admitted that they expect their male students to do better at mathematics and science subjects than their female students. All of this tends to encourage boys to work harder in these subjects, gives them confidence and makes them believe that they can succeed.
Interestingly, both boys and girls tend to regard such ‘male’ subjects like mathematics and science as difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls avoid mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons.
Mathematics and science are mainly male subjects, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are less likely to take them up. Girls do not seem to want to be in open competition with boys. Neither do they want to do better
than boys because they are afraid to appear less female and so, less attractive.
81. According to scientific studies, girls can learn maths as well as boys if __________.
82. Those who made extraordinary contributions in mathematics and science ____________.
83. Why are boys favored over girls when it comes to mathematics and science? _____________.
84. What caused girls to give up mathematics courses?_______________________.
keys
81. given enough encouragement.
82. had the abilities of solving problems by themselves.
83. Because teachers expect boys to do better in mathematics and science.
84. Social reasons.
（二）
In 1901, the citizens of Colorado Springs in the USA decided to collect everyday items and to seal (密封) them in a stee l box. The box was marked “To be opened after
midnight, December 31st , AD2000”, and was stored in the Colorado College library.
One hundred years later, on the appointed day, 300 people gathered to watch the opening of the box. Many in the crowd were the descendants (后代) of people who had placed things inside the box.
When the box was opened after midnight, the contents were in very good condition. There were newspapers, photographs, diaries, name cards, family trees, books and dozens of letters, including one written by Theodore Roosevelt, who became the President of the USA later that year. One of Roosevelt's friends lived in Colorado Springs at that time.
Many of the letters were addressed to their descendants. They describe the hopes that people of 1901 had for the people of the next century. At that time, Colorado Springs had just a few thousand residents, Now nearly half a million people live there.
Colorado College Library has scanned the material and put them on a website. Cecil Muller, whose grandfather
had placed a collection of postcards in the box, said that the time capsule was a great treasure. “This is a wonderful educational resource. We can learn so much about our history,” he said. “I never knew my grandfather, but now I feel very close to him.”
In April 2001, a committee filled the time capsule with items from modem Colorado Springs and resealed it for another hundred years.
81. According to the passage, when was the box opened?(no more than 5words)
_____________________________
82. What didmany of the letters in the box talk about?(no more than 5words)
_______________________________.
83. What does the “time capsule” refer to according to the context in the passage?
_____________________________________________ ______________________.
84. What can be concluded from Cecil Muller’s words?
_____________________________________________ ______________________.
Keys
81. January 1st, AD 2001
82. hope for the future.
83. It refers to a collection of items from people in the past.
84. He learned a lot about the local history from the collection.
（三）
Credit and debit cards are expected to overtake cash this year as Britain's most popular method of payment, according to a new industry report. It will be the first time that card payments have outstripped cash outlay for goods and services. There are 246 plastic card transactions made every second. Total plastic card use is expected to exceed ￡269 billion in 2004, just a whisker ahead of the predicted ￡268 billion for cash payments, said banking industry body the Association for Payment Clearing Services.
The group, which represents the major banks, said credit cards had become “demonized”（魔鬼化）as one of the main causes of ballooning debts, but added: “Without plastic, our society would vi rtually grind to a halt.”
Last year, the number of plastic cards in use in Britain grew by 13 million, or 9%, to 160 million—the equivalent of 3.5 cards per adult. Two-thirds of card transactions are now made using debit cards.
Plastic accounted for ￡244 billion of spending in 2003. “This year, total plastic card use, if business card usage is included, is expected to top ￡269 billion. In 2005 it is expected that personal plastic card usage alone will overtake cash payments,” said Apacs.
In terms of numbers of transactions, cash will remain much bigger than plastic for some time to come, it added. “Cash will always remain there for low-value payments.”
Meanwhile, 2003 was the year that e-commerce “came of age” in the UK. More than 18 million people
bought goods or services online, up 50% on 2002. Credit cards accounted for 69% of the 200m transactions, with debit cards mopping up most of the remainder.
Last year was a landmark year for another reason --- the first reduction in card fraud for eight years. Fraud losses on plastic cards fell by 5% to ￡402 million as measures to combat crooks started to take effect.
A new generation of cards containing computer chips is being introduced, and by the end of this year most people making face-to-face purchases will have to type their four-digit Pin number into keypads at tills and will no longer have to sign receipts.
81. The phrase “a whisker ahead of” in paragraph one means__________________.
82. Card fraud was reduced last year
because______________________________.
83. According to the passage, what is the benefit brought about by credit cards?
_____________________________________________ _____________________.
84. What do people need to do now when they shop with their credit cards?
_____________________________________________ _____________________.
Keys
81. a little higher than.
82. measures to punish fraud started to take effect.
83. It speeds up the development of society.
84. Sign receipts.
（四）
Your body creates energy from nutrients, oxygen and invigorating stimuli, such as fragrance. Natural mood, beauty and body boosters such as these suit our increasingly busy lives because they provide an instant lift and are so simple to do each day.
Massage your ears. According to traditional Chinese medicine, stimulating acupressure pints（指压穴位）on your ears increases blood circulation, and thus energy. Vigorously rub your ears all over for about a minute. They should start to feel hot and, almost immediately, you
should feel more alert. Start at the lobe and massage to the top of the ear.
Taking a power shower. Sprinkle eucalyptus（桉树）oil on the floor of your shower before stepping in. Stand under steaming hot water and rub your body with. The eucalyptus scent stimulates your brain, while the hot water and the rubdown increase blood flow, sending oxygen to your cells where it’s transformed into energy.
Make a splash. Dip a face washer in cold water and wet both the front and back of your neck. Then gargle with cold water for a couple of seconds. Your neck and throat are rich with sensitive nerves, and by stimulating them with the cold water, you shock them into the “fight-or-flight” reaction, which temporarily shifts blood towards your brain.
81. After a power shower, we may
feel_____________________________________. 82. We stimulate acupressure pints on our ears in order to ____________________.
83. What does the underlined word “gargle” in the last paragraph refer to?
_____________________________________________ ______________________.
84. What’s the m ain idea of this passage?
_____________________________________________ ______________________.
Keys
81. more energetic.
82. increase blood circulation and get energy
83. wash your throat and neck.
84. How to get instant energy.
（满分150分，考试时间：140分钟）
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：单项填空(共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分)
从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
21. ---What do you say to a weekend in New York?
---________.
A. Sounds like fun
B. I think so
C. It doesn’t matter
D. I really envy you
22. ---Have you heard of ________ death of Steven Jobs?
--- Yes. It must be________ shock to Apple fans.
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. a; /
23.Tom took a taxi to the airport, only ________ his plane high up in the sky.
A. finding
B. to find
C. being found
D. to have found
24. The moment ________ Leo will never forget
is________ Mr. Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.
A. that; when
B. that; that
C. when; that
D. when; /
25. I prefer to work here because salaries are higher here than ________ in my country.
A. that
B. those
C. the ones
D. one
26. “How could you lose so much money?” John asked
his wife, eyeing her angrily from ________ the
kitchen table.
A. at
B. across
C. through
D. on
27. The fact that she told a lie had a great influence on her
________.
A. ambition
B. status
C. reputation
D. assessment
28. English is difficult________. Nobody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A. learning
B. to be learned
C. learned
D. to learn
29. Never before________ seen a girl who can swim as
fast as Ye Shiwen.
A. had we
B. we had
C. have we
D. we have
30. When Helen saw his tutor nod ________ to her, she calmed down and went on with her performance.
A. encouragingly
B. amazingly
C. interestingly
D. astonishingly
31. Do you know how much time and effort they
devoted________ such a complicated project?
A. to complete
B. completed
C. completing
D. to completing
32. Words failed to ________ my feelings the moment I saw my long-lost sister.
A. control
B. convey
C. exchange
D. affect
33. ---Do you know the timetable of the school bus?
---Sure, the first trip________ at 6:30 a.m. and usually continues until 4 p.m. on weekdays.
A. will start
B. starts
C. is starting
D. started
34. China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals________ all its citizens.
A. in charge of
B. for the purpose of
C. in honor of
D. for the benefit of
35. The two friends had a quarrel about money, but shortly afterwards they shook hands and ________.
A. took up
B. made up
C. put up
D. brought up
36. The past two years ________ a sharp rise in oil price,
whic h adds to the burden of auto transportation industry.
A. witnessed
B. has witnessed
C. is witnessing
D. witnesses
37. After the storm in Beijing, people were suffering in
that area,________ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. what
38. My parents lent me the money. ________, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.
A. Therefore
B. Meanwhile
C. Otherwise
D. Nevertheless
39. ________ more energy to my study instead of being
crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A. If I devoted
B. Had I devoted
C. Would I be devoted
D. Should I be devoted
40. ---A stranger gave me an umbrella when I was caught in the rain.
---________.
A. First impression is half the battle
B. A friend without faults will never be found
C. There is kindness to be found everywhere
D. Two heads are better than one
第二节. 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

I believe that families are not only blood relatives, but sometimes people who show up and love you when no one else will.
In May 1977, I was living in a Howard Johnson’s motel off Interstate 10 in Houston. My dad and I 41 a room with two double beds and a bathroomwas too 42 for a 15-year-old girl and her father. Dad’s second marriage was 43and my stepmother had 44us both out of the house the previous week. Dad had no 45_ what to do with me. And that’s when my other family 46.
Barbara and Roland Beach took me into their home 47their only daughter, Su, my best friend, asked them to. I 48 with them for the next seven years.
Barb washed my skirts the same as Su’s. She 49I had lunch money, doctors’ appointments, help with homework and nightly hugs. Barbara and Roland attended every football game where Su and I were being cheerleaders. 50I could tell, for the Beaches there was no 51between Su and me; I was their daughter, too.
When Su and I 52college they kept my room the same for the entire four years I attended school. Recently, Barb presented me with an insurance policy they bought when I first moved in with them and had continued to pay on for 23 years.
The Beaches knew 53about me when they took me in – they had heard the whole story from Su. When I was seven, my mother died and from then on my father relied on other people to _54his kids. Before I went to live with the Beaches I had believed that life was entirely 55__ and that love was shaky and untrustworthy. I had believed that the only person who would take care of me was me.
56 the Beaches, I would have become a bitter, cynical (愤世嫉俗的) woman. They gave me a(n) 57that。