高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析说明文3

完形填空之说明文
二、说明文
【体裁诠释】
说明文一般用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及规律。

说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采用时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序。

1. 说明文一般分为三类：
①事物的说明；②事理的说明; ③文艺性的说明
2. 说明文通常具有下列特点：
(1)多用现在时态。

因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间变化而变化的。

(2)采用客观描述。

说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。

(3)遣词用字简练、平实、确切。

说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。

其内容也很客观真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，不会使用华丽的词藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加描述和议论。

3. 做好说明文完形填空，最主要的是抓住文章说明的中心，这要求考生做好三方面：
（1）注意文章的说明顺序，常见的说明顺序有时间、空间、逻辑（指先因后果或先果后因，先主后次的顺序）和认识顺序（指由此及彼，由浅入深，由局部到整体，由现象到本质，由具体到抽象的顺序）。

把握了说明的顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，抓住文章中心。

（2）注意段落之间的逻辑关系，说明文的首段往往是文章的主题段，每段的首句也是主题句，一定把握好主题段和主题句，这是做好这类完形填空题的前提。

（3）注意文章结尾，文章结尾的段落往往对说明的问题进行总的概括，有时就是文章的点睛之处。

【典例探究】
（2010·安徽卷）Most people give little thought to the pens they write with , especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 36things are handwritten .All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it .However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind.
First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use .The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征)41comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers, you may 43 a fatter pen .The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.
Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀的) while the pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possible for you to create a 48 line of writing .The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink,
51 you pick the pen up and put it down again.
52 , the pen should make a thick , dark line. Fine-line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed text ,as , 55, a
signature on a printed letter .A broader line, on the other hand ,gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)。

36.A.many B. few C. pleasant D. important
37.A.looks B. reason C. value D. advantages
38.A.once B. if C. because D. though
39.A.convenient B. practical C. strange D. difficult
40.A.heavy B. easy C. hard D. safe
41.A.taking B. finding C. determining D. seeking
42.A.stronger B. weaker C. smaller D. larger
43.A.prefer B. recommend C. prepare D. demand
44.A.hardly B. also C. never D. still
45. A. thick B. light C. long D. soft
46. A. change B. allow C. reduce D .press
47. A. They B. One C. This D. Some
48. A. from B. rough C. black D. smooth
49. A. prevent B. free C. protect D. remove
50. A. way B. sight C. flow D. stream
51. A. so B. as C. and D. yet
52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally
53. A. show up B. differ from C. break down D. compensate for
54. A. attention B. support C. respect D. admission
55. A. at most B. for example C. in brief D. on purpose
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么样的钢笔才算是得心应手的钢笔。

36【解析】选B。

既然现代家庭和办公室里有了打印机，那么手写的东西就少了。

many多的；pleasant令人愉快的；important重要的few 少的。

37【解析】选A。

下文提到“人们一旦开始用钢笔，却并不满意”可知当时挑选钢笔时，主要是根据其外观买的。

looks 外表，外貌； reason原因； value 价值；advantages优点，优势。

38【解析】选A。

此处应是时间状语从句，用once 引导，“一旦开始用钢笔，却并不满意”；once 一旦；if 如果； because因为；though 虽然，尽管。

39【解析】选D。

句意：如果你记住了以下几点的话，买一支你喜欢的钢笔是不难的。

convenient 方便的；easy容易的； strange奇怪的，陌生的； difficult困难的。

40【解析】选B。

根据常识可知，好的钢笔应该是用起来很好用，很舒服的。

heavy重的； easy 容易的，舒适的； hard硬的，难的； safe安全的。

41【解析】选C。

钢笔的粗细是决定舒服度的最重要的特征。

determine决定；seek追求，寻找。

42【解析】选D。

和上句的small hand and thick fingers相对照，此处应是larger hand and thicker fingers。

43【解析】选A。

句意：如果你的手比较大，手指比较粗的话，你可能更喜欢粗点的钢笔。

prefer喜爱；recommend推荐，建议；prepare准备；demand要求，需要。

44【解析】选B。

上文提到钢笔的粗细是决定舒服度的最重要的特征，此处又提到其长度也影响舒适度。

故选also 也。

hardly 几乎不；never从不；still仍然。

45【解析】选C。

上文提到长度也会影响钢笔的舒适度，那么造成钢笔给人不平稳感觉的就应是钢笔太长了，所以选long长的。

thick粗的；light轻的；soft柔软的。

46【解析】选B。

此处的意思应是“笔尖应让墨水出水均匀”，故选allow允许； change 改变； reduce 减少；press 按，压。

47【解析】选C。

this指代上文中提到的“钢笔出水均匀”。

48【解析】选D。

出水均匀的钢笔能够让字体线条流畅。

smooth流畅的，光滑的；thin纤瘦的；rough粗糙的，不平的；black黑色的。

49【解析】选A。

笔尖应该是当钢笔拿起来时，不再出水。

prevent …from doing… 阻止…做某事，此处指防止墨水流出free … from …使…免除…；protect …. from…保护…不受到伤害；remove… from…把…从…消除。

50【解析】选C。

不能阻止墨水流出的笔尖会在你拿起钢笔在放下时留下一滩滩的墨迹。

way 道路；sight视力；flow流量；stream小溪。

51【解析】选B。

as引导的时间状语从句。

当你拿起钢笔在放下时留下一滩滩的墨迹。

52【解析】选D。

此处是列举的最后一条。

meanwhile与此同时；generally一般情况下；afterwards后来；finally最后。

53【解析】选D。

细线条的钢笔或许会补偿差的书写。

show up出席；differ from不同于；break down出故障，垮掉；compensate for补偿，赔偿。

54【解析】选A。

细线条的文字和印刷的文字在一起时，细线条的文字不会得到人们的注意，例如作为打印信件签名时。

attention注意力；support支持；respect尊重；admission 许可。

55【解析】选B。

举例说明用for example；at most至多；in brief 简言之；on purpose 故意地。

【跟踪演练】
1、（2011·吉林省实验中学高三第二次模拟考试）
“ Down-to-earth” means someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with．It is 36 to find someone who is down-to-earth．A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to 37 accepts other people as equals．A down-to-earth is just the 38 of someone who acts importantly and proudly.
Down-to-earth persons may be 39 members of society, of course．But they do not let their importance “ go to their 40 ”．They do not 41 themselves to be better persons than others of less importance, someone who is filled with his own importance and 42 , often without cause, is said to have “his nose in the air”．There is no way a person with his nose in the 43 can be down-to-earth．Americans use another expression that means almost the same 44 “down-to-earth”．The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground”．Someone with both-feet-on-the-ground is a person 45
a good understanding of reality．He has what is called “ 46 sense”．He may have
47 , but he does not allow them to 48 his knowledge of what is real．The opposite kind of person is 49 who has his “head-in-the-clouds”．A man with his head in the clouds is a dreamer whose mind is not in the 50 world.
Sometimes 51 a dreamer can be brought back to earth． 52 words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth.
Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very 53 to have both-feet-on-the-ground.
54 we have both our feet on-the-ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act 55 and openly toward others．Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong. 36．A．common B．sad C．pleasant D．surprising
37．A．but B．yet C．and D．while
38．A．kind B．like C．example D．opposite
39．A．important B．famous C．successful D．necessary
40．A．nose B．heads C．minds D．forehead
41．A．wish B．desire C．expect D．consider
42．A．proud B．pride C．famous D．fame
43．A．air B．sky C．tree D．cloud
44．A．like B．with C．of D．for
45．A．has B．who C．is D．with
46．A．usual B．ordinary C．common D．daily
47．A．dreams B．fortunes C．advantages D．luck
48．A．prevent B．protect C．block D．gain
49．A．one B．those C．that D．the one
50．A．reality B．real C．dreamful D．true
51．A．so B．such C．each D．that
52．A．Sharp B．No C．All D．Bad
53．A．able B．probable C．likely D．possible
54．A．When B．While C．As D．Since
55．A．kindly B．directly C．friendly D．honestly
2、（2011·福建省南安第一中学高三毕业班期中考试）
My bed is supposed to be the best part of my home — the place where I go to find 36_ and relaxation after a long, stressful day. So, lately, why do I get 37 just looking at it? I can’t leave this problem unsolved to the next day, because I can’t get to 38 in the first place: I am a victimof insomnia (失眠).
I’m not 39 _: studies show that more than one in three people worldwide 40 insomnia. It takes different 41 : some people can get to sleep on time, but 42 much too early; others get a full-night’s sleep but still 43 very tired when they wake up. And then there are people like me, ordinary insomniacs who toss and turn all 44 , trying to fall asleep.
Insomnia is most commonly a side effect of depression, but it can 45 be caused by many other ailments (小病痛). To find the 46 , doctors first find out the cause by 47 a “sleep diary,” in which you record your sleep habits. The diary may reveal (揭示) lifestyle patterns, 48 an afternoon nap, which are causing your 49 . Dr. Mark Dyken, a specialist in sleep disorders, writes that, “a good sleep diary can often 50 the patients to ‘cure themselves.’”
A good night’s sleep is created during the day. 51 in the beginning or middle of the day, and 52 from caffeine, alcohol and cigarettes in the afternoon and evening. After dark, dim (使暗淡) the lights and try to 53 stress. Our bodies like consistent (一贯的) patterns, so we should let 54 know that it’s time to wind down.
If you can’t fall asleep, keep the lights 55 . Try re ading a book or listening to soft music. You’ll most likely be asleep.
36. A. courage B. knowledge C. decision D. energy
37. A. nervous B. comfortable C. calm D. satisfied
38. A. live B. rest C. sleep D. play
39. A. sad B. alone C. pleased D. afraid
40. A. suffers from B. benefits from C. quarrels about D. struggles for
41. A. ways B. effects C. results D. forms
42. A. get up B. wake up C. dream D. turn over
43. A. feel B. become C. prove D. look
44. A. evening B. day C. night D. time
45. A. still B. also C. even D. only
46. A. cause B. reason C. excuse D. cure
47. A. keeping B. discussing C. writing D. describing
48. A. as B. like C. for D. about
49. A. illness B. question C. problem D. worry
50. A. have B. allow C. let D. make
51. A. Sleep B. Work C. Read D. Exercise
52. A. stay away B. come out C. stay out D. make out
53. A. remember B. increase C. keep D. reduce
54. A. it B. that C. them D. this
55. A. bright B. low C. bad D. good
3、 What is in the drug that makes you sick or dead? For example, cocaine is harmful, but what makes it harmful?
I can’t tell you all about drugs, but I can ___36___ you think about them in this ____37____ way. Your body is a very complicated machine, ____38____ a lot of chemical machinery, all of which is finally turned ____39____ it all works together. Special chemicals, which we call drugs, can affect it in many different ways. Some drugs are ____40____ when your body has a problem, as with disease—causing bacteria. Then someone may give you aspirin to keep your temperature from going too ____41____ or some penicillin (青霉素) ____42____ it stops the growth of some kinds of bacteria. ___43_____, all drugs are really poison, ____44_____ if you take too much, so you must always use them ____45____.
Why do some people take drugs like cocaine? For a little while they seem to make you feel better, or happier. But ____46____ their effects have ____47____, your body has to pay an extra ____48____ to get back to normal. That makes you want to get ____49____ of the drug.
Drugs like cocaine have their special effects because they act as ____50____ for your nervous system. They cut off some of your nerve pathways and take away some of your senses and your ____51___. They make you want always more. And just a little too much can even ____52____ nerves to your heart and stop its beating
Many of us worry about the ____53____ around us and what pollution does to us. How about your internal environment and what goes on ____54____ you? You control that all by yourself in what you put into your ____55_____. Most drugs are pollutants. You would not want pollutants in the air and water around you. Why would you want pollutants in your body?
36. A. make B. cause C. help D. let
37. A. funny B. different C. simple D. true
38. A. just B. really C. especially D. sometimes
39. A. as if B even if C. where D. so that
40. A. powerful B. helpful C. painful D. helpless
41. A. high B. tall C. much D. hot
42. A. when B. until C. as D. before
43. A. besides B. thus C. however D. naturally
44. A. at most B. at least C. at times D. at first
45. A. carefully B. easily C. carelessly D. a lot
46. A. where B. before C. after D. until
47. A. worked B. worn C. appeared D. lost
48. A. number B. quantity C. amount D. price
49. A. Some more B. nothing C. a little D. a few
50. A. guards B. medicine C. chemicals D. poisons
51. A. worries B. happiness C. freedom D. pride
52. A. lead B. block C. offer D. stick
53. A. places B. nature C. people D. environment
54. A. inside B. around C. outside D. next
55. A. heart B. head C. body D. mind
4、When I moved into an empty dormitory for the first time two years ago, I was certain of a few things. Firstly, I realized that I didn’t 31 anybody at the school. Secondly, I knew that I wanted to work hard at my lessons and 32 something useful. And thirdly, I wanted to have a good time with new classmates, without my parents around.
The first 33 frightened me in the beginning. But that 34 quickly disappeared. It was the other two goals 35 ended up being my difficulties. I knew that it was 36 to devote enough time to class and to social efforts. But I wanted to 37 in both.
I knew this would be a 38 , but I didn’t realize how much until classes began.
I got on well with the other girls who lived in my dorm. 39 , instead of finishing my homework 40 it was due, I went upstairs and had ice cream with my neighbor. I always finished it the next day between classes. I knew 41 wasn’t very good and the grade I 42 showed my lack of effort.
I was 43 that I needed to find some sort of balance.
So I created a schedule that would 44 my time up between going to class, doing homework, and relaxing. It seemed like a good idea, 45 I was only able to 46 it for a few days.
A schedule like that was too much pressure.
So I tried another 47. Each week I made a list of everything I had to get done during that week.
Then, under the list of things I had to get done, I 48 a list of things I could do if I had time.
This is the method I have used since then. I’m glad that I’ve learned to 49 things and it has 50 prepare me for what is to come after graduation.
31. A. know B. recognize C. realize D. like
32. A. understand B. learn C. try D. tell
33. A. teacher B. day C. class D. realization
34. A. happiness B. excitement C. fear D. desire
35. A. which B. what C. that D. who
36. A. hard B. easy C. interesting D. nice
37. A. win B. succeed C. get D. wish
38. A. chance B. job C. challenge D. time
39. A. Often B. Seldom C. Unluckily D. Fortunately
40. A. because B. when C. after D. before
41. A. it B. one C. these D. I
42. A. demanded B. took C. accepted D. received
43. A. asleep B. awake C. ashamed D. aware
44. A. fix B. divide C. put D. build
45. A. so B. and C. but D. however
46. A. use B. keep C. follow D. make
47. A. plan B. energy C. pressure D. effort
48. A. made B. found C. picked D. brought
49. A. do B. control C. balance D. hold
50. A. had B. helped C. let D. forced
5、 Mars is not, it seems, the dry old planet we once believed （36）．Astronauts who are （37） to go there in the next decade may find plenty （38） water
to slake （消除） their thirst．And with water present the （39） of finding some sort of life of Mars are （40） brighter．
This is the view of forty geologists who have been analyzing （41） of pictures and other scientific （42） obtained by robot explorers in the sixties and seventies．
To begin with, scientists thought the Red planet was as （43） as the Moon （44） dust storms swirling over vast sandy （45）．But now the picture
is very different （46） mountains and valleys carved by （47） glaciers and rivers rushing and rumbling deep underground．
In a report on the analysis of the Martian pictures Dr．Michael Car of the U．S．Geological Survey comments: “I am convinced （48） lots of water on Mars．” Any surface water will be in the （49） of ice．But it could save explorers from （50） to take so much （51） with them．The report says （52） Mars probably had a warmer climate in ages （53）due to its axis （轴） having been more tilted （倾斜） towards the sun．（54） signs of plant or animal life have been detected by instruments landed
on Mars, （55） the landing vehicles have been sent there for a few years．36．A．it is B．it C．it to be D．was
37．A．expected B．hoped C．required D．sent
38．A．to B．of C．more D．in
39．A．chances B．openings C．occasions D．possibility
40．A．quite B．very C．much D．more
41．A．a few B．many C．thousand D．thousands
42．A．skills B．news C．intelligence D．information
43．A．peaceful B．quiet C．lifeless D．dead
44．A．of B．with C．for D．through
45．A．deserts B．mountains C．rivers D．seas
46．A．from B．between C．for D．with
47．A．energetic B．great C．heavy D．powerful
48．A．there’s B．there’re C．here’s D．here’re 49．A．appearance B．way C．form D．shape
50．A．have B．having C．carry D．carrying
51．A．water B．ice C．equipment D．oxygen
52．A．what B．if C．how D．that
53．A．pass B．past C．ago D．before
54．A．Not B．No C．Nor D．Never
55．A．probably B．perhaps C．supposed D．although
6、 Every country has its own dining customs. Americans feel that the first rule
of being a 1 guest is to be on time. If a person is invited to dinner at six thirty, the hostess 2 him to be there at six thirty or 3 a few minutes after. Because she usually does the cooking, she has to time the meal 4 the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. If they are late, the food will not be so 5 , and the hostess will be 6 . 7 the guest cannot come on time, he should call his host or hostess on the phone, give the reason, and tell 8 what time he can come. 9 the situations, guests sometimes bring a box of candy, a bottle of wine or a bunch of flowers to give to the hostess as a 10 of appreciation.
As guests continue to arrive, it is usually considered polite
for the 11 in the group to 12 when a woman enters the room
and continue to stand until she is seated. 13 , most young people
and some groups of elder people 14 stress equality of the sexes
no longer observe the custom. A visitor should be 15 to each
situation and follow the lead of the Americans present.
When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is a 16 for the
men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them. However, some Americans 17 do this, so the visitors must notice what others do and do the 18 . 19 the meal is under way and if the dinner is in a private home, a guest 20 avoid embarrassment by leaving talking to someone else.
1. A. polite B. elegant C. honored D. serious
2. A. tells B. expects C. asks D. hopes
3. A. at most B. less than C. at least D. more than
4. A. in case B. as long as
C. so that
D. on condition that
5. A. tender B. nutritious C. good D. enough
6. A. angry B. nervous
C. shameful
D. disappointed
7. A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. Although
8. A. at B. in C. on D. about
9. A. Looking at B. Combined with
C. Depending on
D. Related to
10. A. matter B. heart C. sense D. sign
11. A. host B. men C . hostess D. women
12. A. smile B. stand C. applaud D. nod
13. A. As a result B. Moreover
C. In addition
D. However
14. A. whose B. what C. who D. which
15. A. aware B. similar C. active D. sensitive
16. A. custom B. regulation
C. habit
D. principle
17. A. even B . no longer C. still D. no more
18. A. following B. same C. deed D. example
19. A. Unless B. Until C. While D. After
20. A. sho uldn’t B. must C. needn’t D. may
7、The purpose of a letter of application is to help you to “sell” yourself. It should state 1 the job you want, and should tell what your abilities are and what you have 2 . It should be simple, human, personal and brief without 3 out any necessary fact.
In writing a letter of application, keep in 4 that the
things a possible employer is most 5 to want to know about are
your qualifications（条件）, your achievements and your aims. The
opening paragraph is perhaps the most important part. 6 the first
few sentences fail to 7 the reader’s attention, the rest of the
letter may not be 8 at all. Try to key your opening remarks to
the needs or interests of the employer not 9 your own need or
de sires. For example, instead of beginning with “I saw your 10
in today’s paper. ”you might say“I have made a careful 11 of
your advertising during the
past six months” or “I have made a survey in my neighbourhood to find
out how many housewiv es 12 your product and why they like it. ”
Try to 13 generalities. Be clear about the kind of job for which you are now 14 . College graduates looking for their first positions often ask“What can I 15 in a letter? Employers wa nt experience, which, naturally, no 16 has. ”The answer is that everything you have ever done is 17 .
It is important to write a good strong closing for your letter. 18 a specific request for an interview or give the possible employer something definite to do or expect. An excellent 19 is to enclose（内附）a stamped, self-addressed envelope with your letter. That makes it 20 for a possible employer to get
in touch with you.
1．A. clearly B. carefully
C. obviously
D. easily
2．A. found B. done C. known D. heard
3．A. sending B. taking C. leaving D. picking
4．A. brain B. sight C. order D. mind
5．A. probable B. possible C. likely D. able
6．A. While B. Although C. As D. If
7．A. pay B. win C. show D. fix
8．A. kept B. continued C. written D. read
9．A. to B. for C. into D. from
10．A. advertisement B. report
C. article
D. introduction
11．A. watch B. search
C. study
D. discussion
12．A. change B. make C. sell D. use
13．A. avoid B. remember C. protect D. gain
14．A. losing B. applying C. preparing D. fitting
15．A. offer B. supply C. mean D. provide
16．A. worker B. beginner C. owner D. manager
17．A. success B. development
C. practice
D. experience
18．A. Make B. Ask C. State D. Get
19．A. result B. decision C. promise D. idea
20．A. happier B. easier
C. cheaper
D. safer
8、 It seems as if cellphone could be the protection that parents expecting the kids to have freedom and be safe have been looking for. Let’s 1 your 11-year-old son is going on a long bike ride with a friend, so they take
along your cellphone 2 they need help. Not only could they call you if necessary, but 3 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) equipped on many mobile phones today, your son and his friend could also be 4 easily. Plus, with an additional service, you could track the boys’ 5 location. Or consider this: If your daughter is 6 herself and three friends to a concert, she could 7 out exactly how to locate the concert location and get back home by using her equipped cellphone. And through a(n) 8 software package, you could 9 her whereabouts (行踪).
10 tracking devices as we all consider useful, however, have 11 .
If the boys urgently needed help during the ride, 12 might be too late by the time someone found them. And if they wanted to, the concert-going girls could deviate (偏离) from the 13 route and go to a night club after the 14 they could turn off the phone or leave it in their own car and drive with someone else. Cellphones and their accompanying programs are tools for 15 children safely today, but all of them are 16 extremely reliable. Under no circumstances does 17 else replace a well-established parent-child relationship 18 love and trust.
If you do decide to let your kids use these devices, don’t rely 19 on them for protection. Your children need you to watch them，but 20 will never take the place of your time, attention, eyes, and ears when overseeing your child’s whereabouts.
1. A. pretend B. see C. prove D. say
2. A. even if B. only if
C. in case
D. so that
3. A. with B. as C. also D. for
4. A. called B. observed
C. contacted
D. located
5. A. obvious B. clear C. exact D. safe
6. A. leading B. driving C. heading D. guiding
7. A. map B. make C. work D. get
8. A. additional B. universal
C. another
D. exceptional
9. A. learn B. know C. follow D. search
10. A. These B. Such C. Some D. Few
11. A. faults B. shortcomings
C. difficulties
D. disadvantages
12. A. parents B. it C. policemen D. we
13. A. considered B. established
C. located
D. planned
14. A. drive B. ride C. show D. party
15. A. guaranteeing B. providing
C. caring
D. parenting
16. A. never B. always C. usually D. merely
17. A. everything B. nothing
C. anything
D. something
18. A. relied on B. based on
C. laid on
D. kept on
19. A. specifically B. believably
C. only
D. particularly
20. A. relationship B. cellphone
C. protection
D. technology
答案
1、36—40CCDAB 41—45 DBABD 46—50 CACAB 51—55 BACAD
2、36—40 DACBA 41—45 DBACB 46—50 DABCB 51—55 DADCB
3、36—40 CCBDB 41—45 ACCBA 46—50 ACDBB 51—55 ABDAC
4、31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.C 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.D 41.A 42.D 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.C 47.A 48.A 49.C 50.B
5、36.C 37.A 38.B 39.A 40.C 41.D 42.D 43.C 44.B 45.A 46.D 47.D 48.A 49.C 50.B 51.A 52.D 53.B 54.B 55.D
6、【文章大意】本文介绍了美国人的用餐习俗。

1.【解析】选A。

根据常识及下文If they are late, the food will not be so 5 可知准时是礼貌的，故选A。

2.【解析】选B。

根据上文Americans feel that the first rule of being a 1 guest is to be on time. 可知主人期望他在六点半或超过六点半至多几分钟到。

3.【解析】选A。

上文Americans feel that the first rule of being a 1 guest is to be on time. 暗示出主人期望客人只能超过六点半几分钟到，故选A。

4.【解析】选C。

分析上下文语境可知主人必须按时做饭目的是当客人到时饭菜是最可口的时候，故选C。

5.【解析】选C。

结合上句的. . . the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. 可知，如果客人晚到，食物就不会那么可口了，故选C。

6.【解析】选D。

上文的. . . she has to time the meal 4 the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. 暗示出如果客人晚到主人就达不到预期的目的，当然就会失望，故选D。

7.【解析】选A。

从下文的he should call his host or hostess on the phone, give the reason, and tell 8 what time he can come. 可看出从句意为：如果客人不能按时到达。

8.【解析】选A。

在什么时刻应用介词at。

9.【解析】选C。

根据下文的bring a box of candy, a bottle of wine or a bunch of flowers 暗示此处意为依情形而定，depend on 取决于，依……而定。

10.【解析】选D。

客人带礼物到主人家是表示感谢，故选D，sign符号，标记，信号。

11.【解析】选B。

根据下文的when a woman enters the room及常识可知选B。

12.【解析】选B。

下文的continue to stand表明此空选B。

13.【解析】选D。

结合上文语境及下文的stress equality of the sexes可知上下文为转折关系，故选D。

14.【解析】选C。

此处为定语从句，从句缺少主语且指人，故选C。

15.【解析】选D。

结合下文的follow the lead of the Americans present 可推知来访者应对不同的情况做出及时的反应，即要敏感些，故选D。

16.【解析】选A。

根据常识可知这种做法是他们的习俗，故选A。

17.【解析】选B。

However转折词暗示出下文为转折意，故选B。

18.【解析】选B。

结合常识“入乡随俗”可知选B。

19.【解析】选C。

结合本文按时间为序的说明顺序，上文的When the guests sit down at
a dinner table及该空后的the meal is under way可知是在吃饭时，故选C。

20.【解析】选D。

客人可能会用和其他人谈话的方式避免尴尬。

【思路点拨】做这篇文章时要注意结合美国文化常识，且要注意文章是以时间为序进行说明的。

7、【文章大意】本文向读者介绍了如何写好求职信。

1．【解析】选A。

求职信上应该语言明确，表达清晰。

2．【解析】选B。

信上写明你的能力和工作经历。

前面已说明your abilities，故此处不选C、D。

3．【解析】选C。

leave out表示“遗漏”，不遗漏任何必要的内容。

4．【解析】选D。

keep sth. in mind为固定搭配，表示“记住”。

5．【解析】选C。

A、B不能修饰人，因此，用be likely to do表示“可能会……”。

6．【解析】选D。

if引导表假设的状语从句，阐述如果求职信的开头不能吸引别人的注意会有什么结果。

7．【解析】选B。

如何开头几句没有能够吸引到读者的注意力。

8．【解析】选D。

如果开头几句吸引不了读者，其余部分对方就不会去看了。

9．【解析】选A。

与上文形成对照与呼应，“针对雇主的要求”而不是“针对你的要求”。

10．【解析】选A。

下文的your advertising是明确的提示，指对方在报上刊登的招聘广告。

11．【解析】选C。

此处用make a study与下文的make a survey均表示“研究，考虑”。

12．【解析】选D。

下文说“她们为什么喜欢”，可见与“使用”是相联系的，喜欢才会去用，用过才觉得喜欢。

13．【解析】选A。

generality表示“笼统”，说清楚你的需求，不要过于笼统抽象。

14．【解析】选B。

apply for表示“申请”，既然是求职信，当然是为了“申请工作”。

15．【解析】选D。

“求职信中应该给对方提供什么信息呢? ”provide表示“（为……）提供”；offer表示“（愿意）给”；不合文意。

16．【解析】选B。

既然是no. . . has experience，只有刚开始找工作的graduates没有经验，因此选B。

17．【解析】选D。

从上下文看，作者说只要你做过的事都可以称为经验。

18．【解析】选A。

make a request for sth. 相当于request （vt. ），“恳请，要求”，make的此类用法十分常见，如make an answer／a reply。

19．【解析】选D。

在信内附上一张有地址和邮票的信封，这是个好主意，而不是结果、决定、保证等。

20．【解析】选B。

这种情况下雇主与你联系就很简单了，因为回信信封已准备好了，邮票也贴了，地址也写了。

8、【文章大意】利用手机上的一些功能，父母可以跟踪孩子的行踪，确定他们的所在位置，然而，技术也不是绝对可靠的，它无法取代父母对孩子的关注。

1.【解析】选D。

动词词义考查。

say 假定，比方说。

让我们假定你11岁的儿子正和一个朋友进行一次骑自行车的旅行。

2.【解析】选C。

in case以防，万一；even if 即使；only if 表示假设条件；so that 以便，目的是。

3.【解析】选A。

许多手机都配备了GPS全球定位系统。

with在句中用于引出一个宾语复合结构。

4.【解析】选D。

GPS定位系统的作用是确定用户所处的位置，故这里located适合语境。

5.【解析】选C。

从下文的. . . out exactly how to locate the concert location可知，用手机提供的附加服务，你可以追踪这两个男孩的确切位置。

6.【解析】选B。

在第二个例子中，女儿驾车和三个朋友一起去参加音乐会，其他选项不合语境。

7.【解析】选B。

考查动词短语用法。

句意为：通过装载的设备，她能准确地分辨出如何确定音乐会的位置。

make out 理解，分辨出。

map out 制订；work out 设计出，计算出；get out 出去，摆脱。

8.【解析】选A。

an additional 附加的，额外的; universal 普遍的，通用的。

exceptional 例外的，异常的。

9.【解析】选C。

通过一个附加的软件包，你就可以了解她的行踪, follow跟踪，了解。

10.【解析】选B。

such. . . as是常用句式结构。

11.【解析】选D。

从下文可知，带有跟踪装置的手机也有自己的缺点。

disadvantages缺点，不足，短处。

faults 过失；shortcomings 缺点；difficulties困难。

12.【解析】选B。

it在句中用作代词，用来指时间。

13.【解析】选B。

established route指的是事先已经制订好的路线。

established 已经制订的，确定的。

14.【解析】选C。

在听完音乐会后去了一个夜总会。

show在这里指上文提到过的concert。

15.【解析】选A。

手机及附加的程序是保证孩子安全的工具。

guarantee担保，保证，其他三个动词选项与句意不符。

16.【解析】选A。

手机的这些功能并不是永远极其可靠。

本句all与never否定副词连用，为部分否定结构。

17.【解析】选C。

与前面的under no circumstances相对应，否定句中用anything。

18.【解析】选B。

任何情况下什么东西都不能取代建立在爱和信任的基础上那种parent-child关系。

Well-established 已经确立的。

relied on 依赖，信赖；based on 以……为基础，在……基础上；laid on 加……于人，kept on 坚持，继续。

19.【解析】选C。

作者在上文提到手机的这些功能也不是绝对可靠，因此在决定让孩子使用这些设备时，不要单纯只依靠它们为孩子提供保护, only 仅仅，在这里符合句子语境。

20.【解析】选D。

手机及其附加的程序的这些跟踪功能，都属于技术范畴。