湖南衡阳市2017高考英语（一轮）阅读理解精选精练（二）附参考答案

湖南衡阳市2017⾼考英语（⼀轮）阅读理解精选精练（⼆）附参考答案
湖南衡阳市2017⾼考英语（⼀轮）阅读理解精选精练（⼆）附参考答案
（2016⾼考阅读理解）阅读下列短⽂，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。

Almost everyone has experienced anxiety at some time in their lives，and to do so is not only probably quite
sensible，too.In some sense，the feeling of anxiety is like a signal to us that we need to take action.If we are walking alone down a dark street and start to feel anxious，we might think，“This is getting frightening.I think I’ll nip into the pub and call a cab.”so we will do something to get ourselves somewhere safe.If we have an exam coming up，we are likely to start feeling anxious.We might think，“I can’t pretend it’s not happening.I’ve got to revise or I’ll totally mess up.”Once again，anxiety can guide us to behave in a way that is in our best interests.
However，anxiety can also imprison us.It stops us from doing what we would like to do and living our life
fully.Feeling anxious is undoubtedly a fact of life，so our goal is not to live an anxiety-free life but to live our life with acceptable levels of anxiety in a full way.
Anxiety can be abnormal when it starts to take over our thinking processes and our lives，and makes it difficult for us to function.It is likely that people who experience extreme and upsetting levels of continual anxiety are suffering from a disorder called Generalised Anxiety Disorder(GAD)．
The most important feature of GAD is that people experience quite severe anxiety and worry about a wide range of things over long periods of time.Other symptoms include finding it difficult to control the worry，getting easily tired，difficulty concentrating and sleep disturbance.
People with GAD tend to worry about the same kinds of things as people without GAD—only they fall into worrying more easily and tend to spend more time worrying.Research suggests that our worry tends to cluster around particular themes including our health，finances，relationships，family，work and finally，worry about worrying.
Some worries are realistic(“real event”worries)．For example，if I worry about the size of my credit card bill，then this problem exists and my worry arises from a real problem.Some worries are about things that may never
happen(“hypothetical event”worries)．Sometimes，real event worries spiral(螺旋形上升) into hypothetical event worries.For example，“My neighbors are noisy”could spiral into “I’ll never be able to sell the house.I’ll be stuck here for ever.”
Even though you may always have tended to worry，you can still learn to understand it and get on the top of
it.Extreme worry is not a part of your personality，and it’s not something that you should accept as unavoidable. 1．According to the passage，a person with GAD may .
A．try to do something to get himself somewhere safe
B．focus his mind fully on what he is determined to do
C．be anxious about one special thing for a long time
D．be continuously worrying about some particular things
2．It can be inferred from the passage that .
A．GAD can hardly be cured once one suffers from it
B．anxiety actually has both positive and negative sides
C．most people have experienced different levels of GAD
D．hypothetical event worries are mostly from real event worries
3．The difference between people with GAD and normal people lies in .
A．whether they feel worried
B．what they worry about
C．how they experience anxiety
D．why they get into anxiety
4．Which would be the proper title for the passage?
A．Anxiety：Learn to Understand It
B．GAD：Learn to Keep Away from It
C．How to Get Rid of Your Anxiety
D．How to Distinguish Anxiety from GAD
1．D[细节理解题。

根据⽂章第四段第⼀句“The most important feature of GAD is that p eople experience quite severe anxiety and worry about a wide range of things over long periods of time.”可知，GAD的⼀个重要特征就是⼈们长期对很多事情表现出焦虑和忧虑，D项符合原⽂。

]
2．B[推理判断题。

根据⽂章第⼀段第⼆句“In some sense，the feeling of anxiety is like a signal to us that we need to take action.”和最后⼀句“Once again，anxiety can guide us to behave in a way that is in our best interests.”可知，焦虑可以指导我们采取对我们最有利的⾏为，这是它积极的(positive)⽅⾯。

根据第⼆段第⼀句“However，anxiety can also imprison us.”可知，焦虑同时也束缚着我们，说明它具有消极的(negative)⽅⾯。

故选B项。

] 3．C[细节理解题。

根据⽂章第⼀段第⼀
句“Almost everyon e has experienced anxiety at some time in their lives...”和第四段第⼀句“The most important feature of GAD is that people experience quite severe anxiety and worry about a wide range of things over long periods of time.”可知，正常的⼈和患有⼴泛性焦虑症的⼈的不同在于焦虑度的不同，故选C项。

]
4．A[标题归纳题。

通读全⽂，⽂章⼀开始指出了焦虑是每个⼈都会体验的感受，接着细述了焦虑对⼈们⽣活的积极和消极的影响，最后⼀段指出“Even though you may always have tended to worry，you can still learn to understand it and get on the top of it.”可知，作者希望读者能了解焦虑，从⽽能够成功地化解焦虑。

因此，全⽂
主题是介绍焦虑、学会了解焦虑，故选A项。

]
阅读下列短⽂，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

(A Smug gling Syndicate)
The smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations. His business happens to be illegal and risky, but look at the stakes involved: $5 billion worth of heroin smuggled into the United States each year, and $1.5 billion in gold passing annually along smuggling pipelines to India and Indonesia, to France and Morocco, to Brazil and Turkey. Perhaps half of all the watches made in Switzerland reach their eventual wearers by some back door. Most of this illicit trade is carried on with all the efficiency of any multinational company. Entirely legitimate businesses, such as a travel bureau or an import-export agency, are also often fronts for smuggl ing organizations. One of the world’s largest gold smugglers also owned and operated the franchise for a leading make of British cars in a small Middle Eastern country. He made a good profit from both activities.
A smuggling syndicate operates much like any other business. The boss is really a chief executive. He makes all the plans, establishes international contacts, and thinks up the smuggling routes and method but remains aloof from actual operations. He is aided by a handful of managers looking after such specialties as financing, travel (one reason why many smuggling syndicates find it handy to have their own travel agency), the bribing of airline or customs officials, and recruitment of couriers, or mules as they are called. There may also be someone in charge of local arrangements in the countries to which the smuggled goods is going.
Another similarity between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart is price fluctuation. Just as the prices of products traded legally vary with quality and market conditions such as supply and demand, so do the prices of goods go up and down in the smuggling trade. Consider the price of drugs. Heroin and cannabis, in whatever form or by whatever name, cone in several grades, each with a going price. The wholesale price at which big dealers sell to big dealers is less than the street price. When the authorities are successful in reducing the supply buy seizures, the price of all grades rises.
1. The main idea for this passage is
[A]. The Comparison between Legitimate Business and Its Illegal Counterpart.
. The similarities between Legitimate Business and Smuggling.
[C]. Smugglers May Make Great Profit from Both Activities.
[D]. The Boss in Smuggling Syndicate is a Chief Executive.
2. When is the price going down?
[A]. The quality of the foods and market condition are not very well.
. The quality of goods and market condition vary.
[C]. Unbalance between supply and demand.
[D]. The price of other goods fluctuates.
3. It can be inferred that a smuggler
[A]. may make plan and establish international contacts.
. is a real boss.
[C]. may make money in different ways .
[D]. may sell other goods.
4. One of the best ways smugglers usually take is
[A]. to set up multinational companies.
. to engage in illegal businesses only.
[C]. to make legitimate businesses as fronts for smuggling organizations.
[D]. to make good profits from both activities.
Vocabulary
1. turnover 营业额
2. do credit to 增光于某⼈/某物
3. stake 下在投机⽣意上的股本，赌注
4. smuggling pipeline ⾛私线路
5. speciality 专业部门，公司
6. recruit 招募，添补（新兵）
难句译注
1. The smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations.
[结构简析] 并列句
[参考译⽂] ⾛私者在许多⽅⾯就像⼀个国际商⼈，⽽他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。

写作⽅法与⽂章⼤意
这是⼀篇介绍⾛私集团的⽂章，采⽤对⽐写法——正常（合法）的商业和⾛私（⾮法）集团的对⽐。

第⼀段第⼀句就点明宗旨：⾛私者在许多⽅⾯就像⼀个国际商⼈，⽽他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。

不仅如此，有的也经营合法商业，如旅游，进出⼝公司等，这些往往是⾮法⾛私组织的前哨阵地。

第⼆段介绍了⾛私⾟迪加的经营情况⾮常类似其他商业。

⽼板就是真正的（执⾏）董事长。

他制定计划，签定国际合同，确定⾛私路线和⽅法但不参与具体执⾏⾏动。

有⼀批经理助他管理各个专业部门，如财政，旅⾏，贿赂海关或航空公司官员等，还有当地接应⾛私货品的负责⼈。

第三段叙述了合法和⾮法贸易另⼀个相似点——价格波动，价格随市场供需和商品质量⽽有所差异。

答案祥解
1. B. 合法商业和⾛私的相似性。

是这篇⽂章的中⼼思想。

它是通过对⽐⽅法说明这种相似性。

并不是两者对⽐得出结论。

所以
A. 合法商业和⾮法商业⽐较。

不对。

C. ⾛私者可以从两种活动中谋取利润和 D. ⾛私集团中的⽼板是董事长，只是对⽐中提到个别具体事实。

不是中⼼思想。

2. A. 货物质量和市场情况不好。

第三段第⼆句“正如合法商业按质论价和按市场供需价⼀样，⾛私商品也是按这两者调节价格的上升和下降。

”所以当质量和市场情况不好价格就跌。

B. 货物质量和市场变化。

这并不⼀定跌价，也可能上升。

C. 供需不平衡。

并没有说明供⼤于求，和跌价⽆关。

D. 其它商品价波动。

这不⼀定下跌。

所以B,C,D都不对。

3. D. 可能会卖其他货品。

题⽬是推断，（infer）。

从第⼀段最后⼀句“世界上最⼤⾛私黄⾦商之买卖，可推断出⾛私商照样可以经营其他商品。

⾄于
A. 制定计划，签定合同。

B. ⾛私商是真正的⽼板。

C. 以不同的⽅式赚钱，都是⽂章中直抒，不是推断出来的结论。

4. C. 以合法商业掩护他们⾛私是⾛私商经常采⽤，也是最佳的⽅法之⼀。

A. 多国公司。

B. 只从事⾮法商贸，这并不是最佳⽅法。

D. 从两⽅⾯赚钱，并不是⽅法，⽽是有了掩护所后，多⼀份收⼊⽽已。

【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2014试题】C
Regardles s of their family background, the children’s reactions to new environments have struck the public.
In one episode of Dad! , the five-year-old daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In an episode of the other series, a young girl in Tianjin breaks down into a tearful fit after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake.
In the eyes of some observers, these kids show no sense of independence, and the reason is put down to parents who are overly sheltering. But television viewers and parents were heartened when the sobbing Tianjin girl finally wiped away her tears as she returned holding the pancake. In the case of Tian’s daughter, she eventually began to take care of her younger companions and learned to seek help fro m people she didn’t know.
The father of the Tianjin girl felt “delightfully shocked” and said. “She used to have to be accompanied by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. ”
The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to “give some training” to her shy son, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of achievement, which carries benefits throughout their lives. ”
28. What attracts the audience’s eyes in the programs?
A. What the kids’ family background is like.
B. Where children’s real comfort zone is.
C. How children react to new environments.
D. Why those children are independent.
29. What is Tian Liang’s daughter expected to do in the show?
A. Go out to buy something alone.
B. Hide in a safe place to avoid a danger.
C. Make friends with strange adults.
D. Live in a rural village with her father.
30. It can be inferred from the underline words “delightfully shocked” that .
A. father is more important than mother in a family
B. children deserve a chance to be independent
C. parents should provide a safe environment
D. the children are as fragile as parents expected
31. The shows are bound to raise a wave of discussion about .
A. protecting good traditions
B. the social safety
C. approaches to parenting
D. the influence of TV programmes
【参考答案】CDBC
【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2014试题】D
Why Doesn’t Anybody Copy Apple?
Apple’s products are the envy of the world. They have been spectacularly successful and are widely imitated, if not copied. The minute Apple crystallizes a product, everyone knows how to compete．This idea that the basis of competition is set by Apple and then the race is on to climb the path of improvement is unquestionable．When Apple releases a product that defines a category or dramatically changes the structure of an industry, it becomes obvious what needs to be built. But what I wonder is why everyone wants to copy Apple’s products but nobody wants to copy being Apple?
I can think of two reasons. Firstly, Apple is not worth copying because it's not successful; secondly, Apple’s success cannot be copied because it is a magical process．
There is a great deal of evidence for the first hypothesis. The idea of Apple being successful is not something reflected in its stock price．Being valued lower than the average company in the S&P（标准普尔）500 indicates that to whatever degree Apple was successful in the past, it's not seen by the vast majority of observers as successful in the future．Why should one bother copying Apple if it results in being punished with a low valuation? If one works really hard at innovation and then that innovation becomes commoditized（商品化）very quickly, why should one bother?
When innovation practitioners are asked what makes Apple successful, the answers regarding the cause of this success border on the mythi cal. The climax of this hypothesis is the “chief-sorcerer” theory of success which places one magician, like Steve Jobs, in charge of casting all the right spells（符咒）．
What about Appl e’s own opinion of what makes it tick? Tim Cook refers to a great team an d integration of hardware, software and services as unique Apple advantages. It’s a better explanation．Integration is something that can take a long time, but it is possible with great effort．A few companies are starting to make moves in that direction, but efforts are half-hearted．There is no “move the Earth” panic to become an integrated company from Samsung, Google or Microsoft．
My own suspicion is that Apple is more aware of what makes it special than it lets out．However, as Tim points out, it’s not a formula．It’s complex, it’s subtle, but it’s not magic．It’s a process that requires a degree of faith and courage．32．When a new product of Apple comes out, often it ______．
A．ruins an industry dramatically B．starts a revolution of an industry
C．puts itself in an unbeatable position D．is soon overtaken by imitated products 33．According to the p assage, other companies don’t “copy being Apple” because ______.
A. Apple is not a successful company
B. they have no access to relevant resources
C. It’s hard to find a magician like Steve Jobs
D．being Apple takes more than time and efforts
34．We can infer from Para. 5 that ______．
A．other companies are dedicated to integration B．Apple itself is fully aware of its unique advantages C．Apple will hold the leading position in this industry D．other companies don't have a great team as Apple does 35．What does the author think of Tim Cook's statement? A．Acceptable．B．Disappointing．C．Unquestionable．D．Convincing．
【参考答案】BDCA。