高一英语暑假专题——虚拟语气冀教版

高一英语暑期专题——虚构语气冀教版
【本讲教育信息】
一.教课内容：
暑期专题——虚构语气
1）虚构语气用来表示说话人的主观梦想或设想，所说的是一个条件，不必定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚构语气在条件句中应用比许多。

2）条件句可分为两类，一类为真切条件句，一类为非真切条件句。

非真切条件
句表示的是假定的或实质可能性不大的状况，故采纳虚构语气。

1.真切条件句用于陈说语气，假定的状况有可能发生。

各样构造拜见下表：
条件从句主句
shall/will +动词
原形
句型
一般此刻时祈使句
神态动词一般此刻
时
比如： If he comes, he will bring his violin.假如他来，会带小提琴来的。

典型例题
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
D. is rained
答案 B。

真切条件句主句为未来时，从句用一般此刻时。

注意：
1）在真切条件句中，主句不可以用 be going to表示未来，该用shall, will.
（错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
（对） If you leave now, you will never regret it.
2）表示真谛时，主句谓语动词不用shall（will）+动词原形，而直接用一般此刻时的动词形式。

2.非真切条件句
1）虚构语气能够表示过去，此刻和未来的状况，时态的基本特色是时态今后推移。

a.与此刻事实相反的假定
条件从句主句
一般过去时（ be 用should （would）等 + 动词原形
were）
比如： If they were here, they would help you.假如他们在这儿，会帮助你的。

含义： They are not here, they can’t help you.
b.与过去事实相反的假定
条件从句主句
should （would）等+ have+ 过去
过去达成时
分词
比如： If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.假如他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。

含义： He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
c.表示对未来不大可能发生的事情的设想
条件从句主句
一般过去时
should/would 等+动词原
were+ 不定式
形
should+ 动词原形
比如： If you succeeded, everything would be all right.假如你未来成功了，全部都会好的。

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
含义： You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now.
3.混淆条件句
有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不一样的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚构语气形
式因时间不一样而不一样，这类条件句叫做混淆条件句。

比如：
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.假如你昨天问过他，今日就知道做什么了。

（从句与过去事实相反，主句与此刻事实相反。

）
If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today（现在） . 假如昨晚下过雨，今日就会很冷了。

4.虚构条件句的倒装
虚构条件句的从句部分含有 were, should 或 had 时 , 可省略 if ，再把 were, should 或 had 移到从句的句首，推行倒装。

比如：
Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us. 他们此刻在的话，就会帮助我们了。

Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier,
you would have met him. 你来得早一点，就遇到他了。

Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops
would be saved. 若是下雨，庄稼就有救了。

注意：在虚构语气的从句中，动词“ be”的过去时态一律用“ were”，不用 was，即在从句中 be 用 were 取代。

比如：
If I were you, I would go to look for him.
If he were here, everything would be all right.假如我是你，就会去找他。

假如他在这儿，全部都
会好的。

典型例题
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I
B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
答案 C。

在虚构条件状语中假如有were, should, had这三个词，往常将if省
略，主 提早 ,
成 were, should, had + 主 的形式。

但要注意，在虚 条件状
从句中，省略 的倒装形式的句首不可以用 的 略形式。

如我 可 Were I not to do, 而不可以 Weren't I to do 。

5. 特别的虚 气 should
1）在主 从句中的 用
It is
demanded / necessary / a pity + that
⋯等 构的主 从句，
用 should 加 原形， should
可省略。

可用的 有三
suggested,
ordered,
required,
proposed,
It demanded, requested, insisted 等
（ should ） is
important, necessary,
natural,
imperative,
that
do
strange 等
a pity, a shame, no wonder
等
2）在 从句中的 用
在表示命令、建 、要求等一 后边的从句中， 像 order,
suggest, propose,
require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +
（ should ） do
等。

例
如：
I suggest that we
（ should ） hold a meeting next week. 我建 下周召开
个会 。

He insisted that he
（ should ） be sent there. 他要求被派到那边去。

注意：如 suggest,
insist
不表示“建 ”或“ 持要某人做某事 ”
，即它 用于
其本义“示意、表示” 、“ 持 ” ， 从句用 述 气。

判断改 ：（ ） You pale face suggests that you
（ ） Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
（ ） I insisted that you
（should ）be wrong.
（ should ）be ill.
（ ） I insisted that you were wrong.
3）在表 从句，同位 从句中的 用
suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名后边的表从句、
同位从句中要用虚气，即（should ）+原形。

比如：
My idea is that we（should）get more people to attend the conference.
我的想法是更多的人来参加会。

I make a proposal that we（should）hold a meeting next week.我提了个建，下周我开个会。

6.wish 的用法
1） wish 后边的从句，表示与事相反的状况，或表示未来不太可能的愿
望。

其从句的形式：
主句从句
从句作先于主句作
在去
（be 的去式 were ）
从句作与主句作同
去去达成
生（had + 去分）
未来不大可能的愿
would/could + 原形
未来
望
比如： I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一高。

He wished he hadn't said that.他希望他没那的。

I wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明日下雨就好了。

2） wish to do；wish sb / sth to do。

比如：
I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.我希望一理。

I wish the manager to be informed at once. （= I want the manager to be informed
at once. ）我希望理能上获得信息。

7.比if only与only if
only if表示“只有”；if only表示“假如⋯⋯就好了”。

If only也可用于述气。

比如：
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有响了，我才会醒。

If only the alarm clock had rung.当响就好了。

If only he comes early.希望他早点回来。

8. It is (high) time that⋯
It is (high ） time that后边的从句要用去式或用should
加原形，但 should 不行省略。

比如：
It is time that the children went to bed.孩子睡了。

It is high time that the children should go to bed.
9.need “不用做”和“本不用做”
didn't need to do表示去不用做某事,事上也没做。

needn't have done表示去不用做某事,但事上做了。

比如：
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need
to walk back home.
翰开去站接，因此她不用步行回家了。

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home.
翰开去站接，因此她本不用步行回家了。

（Mary 步行回家了，没有碰上 John 的。

）
典型例
There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn't have hurried
B. couldn't have hurried
C. must not hurry
D. needn't have hurried
答案 D。

needn't have done.意“本不用”，即已做了某事，而上不
必需。

mustn't have done用法不正确，去生的事情行否认性推测
couldn't have done,“不行能已”。

must not do不可以够（用于一般在）。

【模】（答： 60 分）
1. Everything ______ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade.
A. will be destroyed
B. will have been destroyed
C. would be destroyed
D. would have been destroyed
2. If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night,______.
A. you would meet John already
B. you won’t have missed John
C. you will have met John
D. you would have met John
3.Supposing this ship ______ , do you think there would be enough
life jackets for all the passengers?
4.The insects would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and heads,
if ______ for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
A. it is not
B. it were not
C. were it not
D. they were not
5.The teacher suggested that each student______ a plan for the vacation.
A. made
B. make
C. makes
D. will make
6.Frankly, I ’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. don’t do
C. didn ’t do
D. will not do
7.After the way she treated you, if I ______ in your place.
A. be
B. am
C. was
D. were
8.The idea is that the nation ______ an unmanned spacecraft to
explore the planet first.
A. sent
B. sends
C. send
D. must send
9. It’s high time you ______.
A. start to work
B. would start to work
C. started to work
D.
had started to work
10. “If I hadn’t practiced when I was younger,” the musician says,“I ______ able to play so well now.”
A. wouldn ’t be
B. won’t be
C. wouldn’t have been
D. couldn’t have been
11. It is imperative that you ______ there in person.
A. are
B. were
C. be
D. will be
12. The atomic structure is, ______, a miniature solar system.
A. as it were
B. as if they were
C. as it were
D. as if are
13. We required that the machine parts ______ cast iron.
A. is made of
B. be made from
C. be made of
D. is made by
14. The management urged that the cost of production ______.
A. to be further reduced
B. was further reduced
C. be further reduced
D. should further reduced
15. The business is risky. But ______ we would be rich.
A. should we succeed
B. we should succeed
C. might we succeed
D. would we succeed
16. I wish our teacher ______ to give another test. I haven’t got prepared yet.
A. isn ’t going
B. weren’t going
C. will not going
D.could have gone
17. I wish I ______ to the movies with you last night.
A. went
B. did go
C. could go
D. could have gone
18. I ’d just as soon ______rudely to her.
A. that you won’t speak
B. your not speaking
C. you not speak
D.
you didn ’t speak
19. If I ______ in the twenty-first century, I ______ my vacation in a very different way.
A. should live⋯would spend
B. will live⋯should spend
C. are living⋯should have spent
D. will be living⋯would have spent
20. It is required that the machine ______ as frequently as necessary.
A. be oiled
B. must be oiled
C. is oiled
D. will oil
21. His English teacher recommendsthat he ______ a regular degree program.
A. begins
B. begin
C. will begin
D. is beginning
22. We prefer that the plan ______ before being put into execution.
A. is fully discussed
B. must be fully discussed
C. be fully discussed
D. will be fully discussed
23.What do you think of his proposal that improvements ______ in the
old type of vacuum cleaner?
A. be made
B. will be made
C. would be made
D. will have to be
made
physical 24. The doctor ’s advice is that the patient ______ about his real condition.
A. be not told
B. not be told
C. will not be told
D. must not
be told
25. ______,we could not have finished the work on time.
A. If they do not help us
B. Was it not for their help
C. Should they offer to help us
D. But for their help
26. If we had been more careful, we ______ much better results now.
A. got
B. had got
C. would be getting
D. would have got
27. Henry ______ a rich man today if he had been more frugal in the past.
A. would be
B. is
C. will be
D. was
28. They thought it desirable that an armed guard ______ in readiness.
A. stands
B. stand
C. stood
D. would stand
29.All science students, ______,should have a good foundation in
basic sciences.
A.whether they are future physicists and chemists
B.they are future physicists of chemists
C.they should be future physicists of chemists
D.be they future physicists or chemists
30.Sally can ’t have written time, or ______ the letter by now.
’d get
A. I ’ll get
B. I’ll have got
C. I’d have got
D. I
31. I should very much like to have gone to the party but I ______.
A. am not invited
B. was not invited
C. shall not be invited
D. am not being invited
32.There is a general understanding among the members of the Board
of Directors that chief attention ______ to the undertaking that is expected
to bring in highest profit.
33.One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ______ to
its burning temperature.
A. be heated
B. is heated
C. would be heated
D. to heat
34. “Did you go to see the football match yesterday?”
“No. I didn’t feel well, but I would have gone if I ______.
”
A. did
B. have
C. would
D. had
35.If we had known that she had planned to arrive today, we ______
her at the bus station.
A. may have met
B. might meet
C. may meet
D. might have met 36.
We’re safer in a train than we would be if we ______ any other way.
A. traveled
B. had traveled
C. travel
D. have traveled
37.He told me how he had given me shelter and protection without
which I ______ of hunger and cold.
A. would be died
B. would have died
C. would die d . will
have died
38. ______ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Was he leaving
B. If he is leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If
he leaves
39.Had electronic computers not been invented, many problems of
space flight ______.
A. could be not solved
B. could not be solved
C. could not have been solved
D. could not have solved
40. He is a poorly learnt man. But he acts as though he ______.
A. is
B. were
C. should be
D. seems like
41. The driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ______ on the way.
A. goes wrong
B. go wrong
C. went wrong
D. would go wrong
42. ______ the fog, we should have reached our destination.
A. Because of
B. In spite of
C. In case of
D. But for
43. The old man went to office on foot, but he ______ by bus.
A. might have gone
B. ought have gone
C. could have gone
D.
should be gone
44. He is working hard for fear that he ______ to pass the exam.
A. fails
B. may fail
C. should fail
D. would fail
45. She put on her glasses in order that she _____.
A. can see
B. saw
C. had seen
D. might see
46. Whatever ______ we ’ll go ahead.
A. had happened
B. will happen
C. might happen
D. may be
happened
47. If I ______ out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper.
A. hadn ’t run
B. shouldn’t run
C. didn’t run
D. haven’t run
48. But for your advice, I ______ into trouble.
A. would get
B. got
C. might have got
D. should get
49. ______ for the traffic jam, I should have covered fifty miles.
A. Had it been
B. Had it not been
C. It had not been
D. It not had
been
50.Were it not for the adoption of the open policy, things ______
they are today.
A. would never be
B. could have been
C. would never have been
D. didn ’t have
51. If only I ______ there.
A. have not been
B. would not been
C. will not be
D. had not
been
52. Tom would buy that bicycle but he ______ no money.
A. had
B. has
C. had had
D. has had
53. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____ there.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. went
54. It is time we ______ up our results.
A. sum
B. summed
C. will sum
D. would sum
55. Dr Bethune worked hard as if he ______.
A. never had felt tired
B.had never felt tired
C.never felt tired
d . was tired never
56.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I ______ the book from which
it was made.
A. have read
B. should have read
C. am reading
D. had read
57. It is strange that such a thing ______ in your school.
A. will happen
B. happens
C. should happen
D. happened
58. If she could sew,______.
A. she make a dress
B. she would have made a shirt
C. she will make a shirt
D. she would had made a coat
59. “Did you notice John was not at work today?”
“No. If ______ working, I would have noticed it.”
A. I ’d be
B. I wasn’t
C. I’d been
D. weren’t
60.“Why don’t you explain it to her?”
“I ______ it to her if I thought she would understand.”
A. would explain
B. will explain
C. explain
D. would have explained
61. “Your performance was very good.”
“I could have done better if I ______ more time.”
A. have had
B. had
C. had had
D. will have had
62. “She wouldn ’t drink her medicine last night, would she?”
“______.”
A. No, but I wish she wouldn’t
B. No, but I wish she had
C. Yes, I wish she drank
D. Yes, I wish she could
63. I think it advisable that he ______ for Tokyo soon.
A. will leave
B. may leave
C. leave
D. leaves
64. The committee asked that the matter ______ at the next meeting.
A. would be discussed
B.will be discussed
C.be discussed
D.may be discussed
65. ______ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive today.
A. If he went
B. Were he gone
C. Should he had gone
D.Had he gone
66.______ the work, he would do it some other way.
A. Was he going
B. If he does
C. Were he to do
D. If he is doing
67.______,I hardly think I would have recognized him.
A. Should his name not be mentioned
B.Had someone not mentioned his name
C. If someone did not mention his name
D. If someone had mentioned his
name
68. I ’d just as soon ______ to the theatre toni ght.
A. not going
B. not to go
C. not go
D. that I won’t go
69.At the last committee meeting, the motion that the club ______
open until midnight was defeated.
A. remains
B. remain
C. remained
D. would remain
70. The business of each day, ______ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
A. it being
B. be it
C. was it
D. it was
【试题答案】
1D19A37B55B
2D20A38C56D
3C21B39C57C
4B22C40B58B
5B23B41B59C
6C24A42D60A
7D25D43C61C
8C26C44C62B
9C27A45D63C
10A28B46C64C
11C29D47A65D
12C30C48C66C
13C31B49B67B
14C32C50C68C
15A33A51D69B
16B34D52B70B
17D35D53C
18D36A54B。