浙江省宁波市届高三上学期月适应性考试英语试题

宁波市2020学年第一学期高中英语适应性考试
英语试卷
选择题部分
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How long did the lecture last?
A. For half an hour.
B. For one hour.
C. For two hours.
2. What destination does the woman want to choose?
A. The beach.
B. The mountains.
C. The city.
3. Which word can be used to describe the man?
A. Grateful.
B. Generous.
C. Troublesome.
4. What does the woman imply?
A. She wants to buy herself a watch.
B. She wants the man to buy her the ring.
C. She wants to borrow some money from the man.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A window.
B. A cooker.
C. An alarm.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和7题。

6. What kind of TV show was the man talking about at first?
A. A dating show.
B. A survival show.
C. A talent show.
7. What does the woman suggest they do in the end?
A. Go to a dance party.
B. Discuss more about the show.
C. Watch a show they both enjoy.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。

8. What does the man think about electric cars?
A. He thinks they are worth the money.
B. He thinks ifs a step in the right direction.
C. He thinks everyone will own an electric car.
9. What disadvantage of an EV does the man talk about?
A. Fueling the car is expensive.
B. The technology isn’t good enough.
C. There aren't enough charging stations.
10. What do the speakers plan to do?
A. Buy a new gas-powered car.
B. Continue driving the car they have.
C. Purchase an electric car in a few days.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。

11 .Why did the accident happen?
A. The man wasn’t paying attention.
B. The tire of the man's bike was flat.
C. There was something wrong with his bike handles.
12. Which part of the man’s body was seriously injured?
A. His head.
B. His hands.
C. His knees.
13. How long will it take the man to recover probably?
A. A few days.
B. A couple of weeks.
C. A month.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。

14. Why is the boy so upset?
A. He failed in his test.
B. He forgot to prepare for his test.
C. He forgot a few things on his test.
15. How does the girl try to make the boy feel better?
A. She takes him to dinner.
B. She tells him her test score.
C. She tries to make him laugh.
16. Which part of the test does the boy find difficult?
A.Single choices.
B. Naming countries.
C. Discussion questions. 17. What is the woman’s opinion?A. Nobody is perfect. B. Preparation is important. C. Geography is difficult. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。

18. Who is the speaker giving the speech to? A. Employees. B. Managers. C. Customers. 19. Why were the past few months more stressful? A. They hired new people. B. They started a new website. C. They read customer reviews. 20. What is the main purpose of the speech? A. To appreciate hard work. B. To advertise new products. C. To announce a new holiday. , 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A
Different from most women in their 20s, Zhang Wanting chose to work with farmers instead of taking a position as a college lecturer after gaining her master's degree in finance from overseas. Now her ecofarm has become one of the most famous agricultural tourist attractions in the city of Shenyang, Liaoning province, showing the nation’s efforts to improve farmers’ incomes.
Zhang’s ecofarm, Paddy Art Dream Park, which covers 20 million square meters, is fueled by paddy (稻田）planting，food processing and tourism. Last year，it attracted over 200,000 visitors, provided over 200 jobs and benefited over 2,000 local villagers. "I love this land and hope to build it into a modem farmland that could provide people with natural beau ty and prosperity,” Zhang said. "Because everyone dreams of returning to the countryside to enjoy a comfortable environment and refreshment.”
Experts suggest that the key is to make use of the unique advantage of the countryside instead of moving farmers i nto cities. ”An ecofarm is not only a new attempt to modernize agriculture, but also a new form of agricultural industrialization. It could fundamentally transform traditional agriculture,said Li Hongbiao, a senior researcher at the China Academy of Northeast Revitalization. “The ecofarm is of great significance to help improve farmers' incomes and promote the sustainable and healthy growth of the rural economy.”
Furthermore，the ecofarm provides financing services as well as rice sales services — two major challenges for farmers 一so farmers can focus on green ecological planting and improving food quality.
So far, more than 400 farmers have joined Zhang Wanting, and their combined incomes increased to over 5 million yuan last year. “With more partners, we could explore the new food processing industry, which includes rice noodles, brown rice ice cream and rice pudding,M she explained. “Tourism is the major driving force for my farm because it can help the farm attract attention and drive consumption.”
After six years of operation, her ecofarm has won the title of national 3A-level scenic area, and more college graduates have joined her to find their dreams. "The new countryside should not be dirty and messy, but a place that people long for," she said.
1. The author explains the success of Paddy Art Dream Park by
A. describing the process
B. making a comparison
C. presenting research findings
D. using figures and quotes
2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT an advantage of the ecofarm?
A. To attract more college graduates.
B. To modernize agriculture.
C. To improve farmers' incomes.
D. To promote the rural economy.
3. Where is this passage probably taken from?
A. A celebrity biography.
B. A research paper.
C. A newspaper report.
D. A travel brochure.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。

短文介绍了张婉婷的生态农场。

如今，她的生态农场已成为辽宁省沈阳市最著名的农业旅游景点之一。

她的生态农场获得了成功。

【详解】1.推理判断题。

根据第二段第二句“Last year，it attracted over 200,000 visitors, provided over 200 jobs and benefited over 2,000 local villagers”（去年，它吸引了20多万游客，提供了200多个就业岗位，使2000多名当地村民受益）可知，文章通过列数据来说明其成功，并且在第三句和第四句中直接引用了Zhang的话，所以文章是通过列数据和引用来说明其成功。

故选D。

2.细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“An ecofarm is not only a new attempt to modernize agriculture, but also a new form of agricultural industrialization.”（生态农业是农业现代化的新尝试，也是农业产业化的新形式。

）可知，农业现代化是生态农业的优点，所以排除选项B；根据第三段第四句“The ecofarm is of great significance to help improve farmers' incomes and promote the sustainable and healthy growth of the rural economy.”（生态农业对于帮助提高农民收入，促进农村经济持续健康发展具有重要意义。

）可知，生态农业有助于提高农民收入，所以排除选项C和选项D。

故选A。

3.推理判断题。

短文介绍了张婉婷的生态农场。

如今，她的生态农场已成为辽宁省沈阳市最著名的农业旅游景点之一。

她的生态农场获得了成功。

由此可判断出，短文是关于人物和经济类的短文。

所以短文来自于新闻报道。

故选C。

B
Science had always believed that trees competed with each other for carbon, sunlight, water and nutrients. But an ecologist, Suzanne Simard, says trees have a complex and
interconnected social network existing underground. Her 30 years of research in Canadian forests have led to a surprising discovery: trees talk, communicating often and over vast distances. Trees
are much more like us humans. They are extremely social and depend on each other for their survival.
Simard planted 240 trees in a Canadian forest and started her experiments. Once she discovered a loud sound of communication between the fir (冷杉）and birch (白梓树）trees who were sharing carbon with each other. She found birch sent carbon to fir, especially when it was shaded. Later the opposite happened. When the birch was leafless in winter, the fir sent over more carbon.
Simard’s groundbreaking w ork showed that trees are interdependent and cooperative. In fact, they are immersed in deep relationships with each other. The trees were having conversations via the mycelium (菌丝). These messages determined which trees needed certain nutrients. They communicated via carbon, nitrogen, and chemicals and then shared these elements, balancing the entire forest.
The mycelium connects different individuals in the same forest, from the same species and other species. This network works in a similar way to the Internet.
She discovered that mother trees care for and protect the younger trees and that a single mother tree can be connected to hundreds of other trees. Trees talk, and through these conversations they increase the adaptability of the whole community. It’s a magical community of trees all supporting each other.
Suzanne’s research has important environmental implications for the destruction of our forests. She says that when mother trees are injured or dying, they send their wisdom onto the next generation, but they can't do this if they are all wiped out at the same time. She hopes that her research will change the way we practice forestry.
4. The main purpose of the passage is to ___________.
A. report some new discoveries about trees
B. introduce different species of trees in a forest
C. explain the reasons for the destruction of forests
D. discover similarities between human beings and trees
5. The underlined word “immersed” in the third paragraph probably means_.
A. enthusiastic
B. involved
C. lacking
D. sceptical
6. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?
A. Mycelium plays a significant role in balancing the entire forest.
B. The fir and birch trees supplied carbon to each other when facing difficulties.
C. The wisdom of mother trees cannot always pass down to the next generation .
D. The Internet is mentioned to show it is possible to use advanced technology in forests.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章通过对树的研究，研究出了树的一个新发现并对这个新发现具体---树木会说话，经常交流，而且可以进行远距离交流。

它们是极具社会性的植物，相互依赖共同生存。

【4题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文中第一段“Her 30 years of research in Canadian forests have led to a surprising discovery: trees talk, communicating often and over vast distances.”（树木会说话，经常交流，而且可以进行远距离交流。

）可知，文中开篇就在讲这个新的发现，并且在下文继续展开说这个新的发现，所以结合选项，本文的主要目的是报道一些关于树的新发现。

故选A项。

【5题详解】
词义猜测题。

根据文中“Simard’s groundbreaking work showed that trees are interdependent and cooperative.”西玛德的开创性工作表明树木是相互依存和合作的。

由此判断出，事实上，他们都沉浸在彼此的深厚关系中。

所以划线词的意思是“与…...有密切关联的”。

故选B项。

【6题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文中“The mycelium connects different individuals in the same forest, from the same species and other species. This network works in a similar way to the Internet.”（菌丝体连接着同一片森林里的不同个体，从相同的物种和其他物种。

这个网络工作跟互联网的工作方式相似。

）可知，菌丝体在平衡整个森林中起着重要的作用，故A项正确，同时也由文中这句话可知，虽然菌丝的工作方式跟互联网很相似，这是作者为了更形象地展示菌丝的工作方式，并不是为了展示在森林里有可能应用先进的科技，所以D项错误。

根据文中第二段“She found birch sent carbon to fir, especially when it was shaded. Later the opposite happened. When the birch was leafless in winter, the fir sent over more carbon.”（他发现白梓树发给冷杉释放二氧化碳，特别是在树荫下。

后来相反的事情发生了，当冬天白梓树没有树叶时，冷杉又会给白梓树释放二氧化碳。

）可知，冷杉和白梓树在面对困难时会互相支持给彼此释放二氧化碳，
所以B项正确。

又根据文中最后一段“She says that when mother trees are injured or dying, they send their wisdom onto the next generation, but they can't do this if they are all wiped out at the same time.”（她说当母树受伤或死亡时，他们会把他们的智慧传给下一代，但是如果他们同时死亡，就不会把智慧传给下一代。

）可知母树的智慧不是总是会都能传给下一代，所以C项正确，综上，选项中D项错误。

故选D项。

C
If you are aiming to master anything quickly, you can learn from Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman. They offer practical advice you can use to improve your learning.
According to Einstein, improving your intellectual capacity should be fun and enjoyable ——happy learners are quick learners. In 1915, he wrote a letter to his 11-year-old son (Hans Albert) who was learning the piano and said:
“I am very pleased that you find joy with the piano. This and carpentry are in my opinion for your age the best pursuits, better even than school, because those are things which fit a
young person such as you very well. Mainly play the things on the piano which please you, even if the teacher does not assign those. That is the way to learn the most when you are doing something with such enjoyment that you don’t notice that the time passes.”
To learn anything faster or better, choose topics you will enjoy — if you have control over what you are learning. Make the learning relevant. You should be able to answer the question “Why am I learning this?” at any point.
Richard Feynman won a Nobel Prize and always wanted to know more and to learn more. Known as the “Great Explainer”，he was famous for his ability to explain complex topics in simple ways.
The Feynman Technique, his approach to improving learning, features explaining or teaching what you learn to others. It can help you learn better and keep more of what you learn. According to Feynman, it is significant to have the ability to explain things simply — so simple, in fact, that you could explain it to an eight-year-old. Einstein agrees. He once said, “If you can't explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough.”
For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn,” said the Roman philosopher
Seneca. Learners keep a greater percentage of what they learn when they explain or teach the
concept to someone else, or use it immediately. Your ideas will never be more effective than your ability to make others grasp them. When you share, you remember better. 7.Einstein wrote the letter to his son in order to _. A. encourage Hans to play the piano well B. share some useful advice on how to play the piano C. support Hans' learning the piano with enjoyment D. suggest Hans taking teachers* assignment seriously 8. Which of the following is the characteristic of the Feynman Technique? A. Teaching what you learn to others. B. Explaining your things thoroughly. C. Choosing enjoyable topics. D. Understanding things well enough. 9. Why is the Roman philosopher Seneca mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To provide advice on how to teach concepts. B. To illustrate the significance of teaching others. C. To impress the readers with his meaningful quotes. D.To show people’s exploration of concepts in history.10. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Secrets of Learning Faster. B. Benefits of Teaching Others. C. Contribution of Great Explainers. D. Importance of Learning with Enjoyment. 【答案】7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章是要介绍快速学习的秘诀。

【详解】1.细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句“I am very pleased that you find joy with the piano.”（我很高兴你能从钢琴中找到乐趣。

）可知，爱因斯坦给他儿子写这封信是为了以愉快的心情支持汉斯学习钢琴。

故选C。

2.细节理解题。

根据第六段第一句“The Feynman Technique, his approach to improving learning, features explaining or teaching what you learn to others. ”（费曼技巧是他改进学习的方法，其特点是向他人解释或传授你所学到的知识。

）可知，费曼技巧的特点是向他人解释或传授你
所学到的知识。

故选A。

3.推理判断题。

根据最后一段“For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn,” said the Roman philosopher Seneca.”可知，几千年来，人们都知道，理解一个概念的最好方法，就是把概念交给别人。

罗马哲学家塞内卡说过: “我们在教学的同时也在学习”。

由此判断出，最后一段中提到Seneca是为了说明教导他人的重要性。

故选B。

4.主旨大意题。

根据第一段第一句和第二句“If you are aiming to master anything quickly, you can learn from Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman. They offer practical advice you can use to improve your learning.”（如果你的目标是快速掌握任何东西，你可以向阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和理查德·费曼学习。

他们提供实用的建议，你可以用来提高你的学习。

）可知，短文的最佳标题为“快速学习的秘诀”。

故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every day,on British radio stations and on television, you can hear it. It gives the time before BBC radio news programmes, and on the BBC World Service. And you can hear it and see it every evening before ITV's "News at Ten". ___11___
If you have been to London, you have certainly seen "Big Ben". It's very difficult to miss, standing almost 100 metres high beside the Thames, next to the Houses of Parliament. ___12___ But in reality, "Big Ben" is just the name of the biggest bell in the tower. The famous clock tower was built in the 1850s, after the Houses of Parliament were burned down.
The new clock was to be the biggest in the world, and extremely accurate. Lots of people thought that this would be impossible; a very big clock, they thought, could not be very accurate. ___13___ And the clock has always kept time almost perfectly.
The original "Big Ben" bell weighed 16 tons, and was made in the North of England. However, after it had reached London, but before it had been put in place, it cracked! So the original bell was therefore melted down (in London) and a new Big Ben was made and put in place in July 1859... but after two months it cracked.___14___A smaller hammer was put in place, and Big Ben began chiming (报时）again in 1862.
Since then, there have been several incidents. ___15___ And in 1976, the clock stopped for 26
days, when a part of the mechanism broke…after 114 years of service! Recently, engineers have decided that the tower and the clock were both in need of urgent repairs. Work began in 2017, and unless there are some unexpected problems, Big Ben will begin a new life in the year 2021.
A. In fact, they were wrong.
B. The Big Ben has a long history.
C. Experts decided that the hammer was too big.
D. Once the clock stopped when a pot of paint got stuck between its hands!
E. The name "Big Ben" is generally used to refer to the big clock tower itself.
F. Almost all the tourists visiting London prefer to take many photos of Big Ben.
G. The chimes of Big Ben are recognized by almost everyone in Britain, and by millions of people all over the world.
【答案】11. G 12. E 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

短文介绍了英国“大本钟”的相关信息。

【11题详解】
根据上文“And you can hear it and see it every evening before ITV's "News at Ten".”你可以在每天晚上的ITV“10点新闻”之前听到和看到它。

再结合下文“If you have been to London, you have certainly seen "Big Ben".”如果你去过伦敦，你肯定见过“大本钟”。

选项承接上文具体说明上文说的是什么，以及它的知名度。

故G选项““大本钟”的钟声几乎为英国的每一个人所熟知，也为全世界数百万人所熟知。

”切题。

上文中的it指代的是Big Ben，hear it and see it every evening对应recognized by almost everyone and by millions of people。

故选G项。

【12题详解】
根据下文“But in reality, "Big Ben" is just the name of the biggest bell in the tower.”但实际上，“大本钟”只是这座塔中最大的钟的名字。

选项与下文为转折关系，"Big Ben" is just the name 对应选项中的The name "Big Ben"。

故E项“大本钟”这个名字通常指的是“大本钟”本身。

”切题。

故选E项。

【13题详解】
根据上文“Lots of people thought that this would be impossible; a very big clock, they thought, could not be very accurate.”很多人认为这是不可能的;他们认为，一个非常大的钟不可能非
常准确。

再结合下文“And the clock has always kept time almost perfectly.”而且这个钟总是保持着几乎完美的时间。

由此可知，人们认为钟不准是不正确的。

选项是对上文总结且引起下文。

故A选项“事实上，他们错了。

”切题。

故选A项。

【14题详解】
根据上文“So the original bell was therefore melted down (in London) and a new Big Ben was made and put in place in July 1859... but after two months it cracked.”因此，原来的钟因此被熔化（在伦敦），并在1859年7月制造了一个新的大本钟。

但两个月后它破裂了。

再结合下文“A smaller hammer was put in place, and Big Ben began chiming (报时）again in 1862.”一个更小的锤子被放在适当的位置上，大本钟在1862年又开始响起。

选项要说明大本钟破裂的原因。

且the hammer对应下文A smaller hammer。

故C选项“专家们认为钟锤太大了。

”切题。

故选C项。

【15题详解】
根据上文“Since then, there have been several incidents.”从那以后，发生了几起事件。

由此可知，选项具体说明是什么事件。

故D选项“有一次，一罐油漆卡在钟的指针之间，钟就停摆了。

”切题。

故选D项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

I’ve worked in the factories near my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school, ___16___ doing the full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a college student like me who ___17___ any class before noon to be impolite, getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is full of ___18___. My friends never seem to understand why I’m so ___19___ to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
There’re few people as ___20___ as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People my age ___21___ seem to overestimate (高估）the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not ___22___ me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would ___23___ whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.
The most ___24___ thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. ___25___ like downsizing (裁员）and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me ___26___ my co-workers told me that the factory I was working in would ___27___ within six
months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour.
After working 12-hour ___28___ in a factory, the other options have become only too clear. When Fm back at the university, skipping classes and turning in la2y re-writes seems too ___29___ after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice on the value of a(n)___30___ that used to sound stale (老掉牙的）now ___31___ true.
These lessons I’m learning, ___32___ valuable, often come with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places where I ___33___ work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays ___34___ , but it’s hard on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added.
My experiences in the factories have inspired me to ___35___ of my college years before I enter the real world for good.
16. A. so B. but C. because D. otherwise
17. A. thinks B. sees C. regards D. considers
18. A. excitement B. curiosity C. passion D. suffering
19. A. relieved B. refreshed C. stressed D. depressed
20. A. self-controlled B. self-confident C. self-evident D.
self-employed
21. A. never B. ever C. seldom D. always
22. A. permit B. prepare C. promote D. protect
23. A. jam B. mix C. ruin D. fix
24. A. careful B. grateful C. merciful D. stressful
25. A. Accidents B. Topics C. Events D. Debates
26. A. after B. when C. until D. unless
27. A. tear down B. slow down C. put down D. shut down
28. A. shifts B. turns C. units D. paces
29. A. familiar B. understandable C. irresponsible D. contradictory
30. A. education B. independence C. kindness D. dignity
31. A. comes B. rings C. goes D. calls
32. A. whether B. however C. whatever D. whichever
33. A. blankly B. blindly C. briefly D. bravely
34. A. well B. badly C. high D. low
35. A. make most B. make the most C. take charge D. take the charge
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D
25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. C 34.
A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。

讲述了“我”在工厂打工的经历激励“我”在进入现实世界之前充分利用大学时光的故事。

【详解】1.考查连词辨析。

句意：高中毕业后，我每年夏天都在家乡附近的工厂打工，但在假期做全职蓝领工作从来没有变得更容易。

A.so所以；B.but但是； C.because因为；
D.otherwise否则。

故选B。

前文讲“我”在工厂打工已经很久了，后文讲在假期做全职蓝领工作却从来没有变得更容易。

前后句意相反，应用转折词but。

故选B。

2.考查动词辨析。

句意：对于像我这样认为中午前上课是不礼貌的大学生来说，每天早上6点到达工厂是很痛苦的。

A.thinks认为；B.sees看作；C.regards认为；D.considers认为。

consider...to be意为“认为……是……的”，为固定搭配。

故选D
3.考查名词辨析。

句意：对于像我这样认为中午前上课是不礼貌的大学生来说，每天早上6点到达工厂是很痛苦的。

A.excitement兴奋；B.curiosity好奇；C.passion激情；D.suffering 苦难。

根据前文讲“我”认为中午前上课是不礼貌的可知，早上六点去工厂上班是很不情愿的，所以这是充满苦难的。

故选D
4.考查形容词辨析。

句意：我的朋友们似乎从来都不明白，为什么我回到学校后会如此放松，为什么我的暑假根本就不是一个假期。

A.relieved放松的；B.refreshed更新的；C.stressed 紧张的；D.depressed压抑的。

根据前文讲“我”假期打工感觉是在受苦受难可知，“我”在开学后
会很放松。

故选A。

5.考查形容词辨析。

句意：很少有人像从未进入现实社会的大学生一样自信。

A.self-controlled 自我控制的；B.self-confident自信的；C.self-evident不言而喻的；D.self-employed个体经营的。

故选B。

根据后文“seem to overestimate (高估）the value of their time and knowledge”可知，像“我”一样年纪的人大都会高估他们的时间和知识的价值，所以此处是讲“自信的”人，故选B。

6.考查副词辨析。

句意：我这个年纪的人似乎总是高估他们的时间和知识的价值。

A.never 从不；B.ever曾经；C.seldom很少；D.always总是。

根据前文讲大学生很少有到过现实世界可知，他们总是高估他们的时间和知识的价值。

故选D。

7.考查动词辨析。

句意：事实上，所有的课程并没有让我为与我在工厂运行的机器的战斗做好准备。

每当我心不在焉地将一个部件倒过来或倒过来时，机器就会发生故障。

A.permit
允许；B.prepare准备；C.promote促进；D.protect保护。

根据主语all the classes和my battles with the machine可知，二者的关系是学校学的课程并没有让我能够为运行机器做好准备。

故选B。

8.考查动词辨析。

句意：事实上，所有的课程并没有让我为与我在工厂运行的机器的战斗做好准备。

每当我心不在焉地将一个部件倒过来或倒过来时，机器就会发生故障。

A.jam堵塞；轧住；B.mix混合；C.ruin摧毁；D.fix修复。

根据前文讲“我”心不在焉地操作可知，这样机器就会出故障。

故选A。

9.考查形容词辨析。

句意：蓝领生活最大的压力是你知道你的工作可能会在一夜之间消失。

A.careful小心的；
B.grateful感激的；
C.merciful仁慈的；
D.stressful紧张的。

根据后文“knowing your job could disappear overnight”可知，蓝领知道自己的工作可能会在一夜之间消失，所以压力很大。

故选D。

10.考查名词辨析。

句意：像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对我来说一直很遥远，直到我的同事告诉我，我工作的工厂将在六个月内关闭并搬到墨西哥，那里的工人将以每小时60美分的工资工作。

A.Accidents事故；B.Topics话题；C.Events事件；D.Debates讨论。

根据后文“downsizing (裁员）and overseas relocation ”（裁员和海外搬迁）可知，这种是话题。

故选B。

11.考查连词辨析。

句意：像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对我来说一直很遥远，直到我的同事告诉我，我工作的工厂将在六个月内关闭并搬到墨西哥，那里的工人将以每小时60美分的工资工作。

A.after之后；B.when当……时候；C.until直到；D.unless除非。

根据前文
讲像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对“我”来说一直很遥远可知，“我”是直到听到同事讲才意识到。

故选C。

12.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对我来说一直很遥远，直到我的同事告诉我，我工作的工厂将在六个月内关闭并搬到墨西哥，那里的工人将以每小时60美分的工资工作。

A.tear down拆卸；B.slow down 减慢；C.put down放下；D.shut down 关闭。

根据“move to Mexico”可知，这个工厂要搬去墨西哥，所以是要关闭了。

故选D。

13.考查名词辨析。

句意：在一家工厂轮班工作12小时之后，其他选择就变得非常清楚了。

A.shifts轮班；
B.turns轮流；
C.units单元；
D.paces速度。

在工厂里的12小时工作制是轮班制。

故选A。

14.考查形容词辨析。

句意：当我回到大学的时候，在看到不上学的后果后，逃课和交重写作业似乎太不负责任了。

A.familiar熟悉的；B.understandable可理解的；C.irresponsible
不负责任的；D.contradictory矛盾的。

在看到蓝领随时失业的生活压力后，“我”认为大学里的逃课和交重作业很不负责任。

故选C。

15.考查名词辨析。

句意：所有关于教育价值的建议过去听起来都过时了，现在听起来都是正确的。

cation教育；B.independence独立；C.kindness友好；D.dignity尊严。

前文讲“我”认识到认真学习的重要性，所以此处是讲关于教育的价值，故选A。

16.考查动词辨析。

句意：所有关于教育价值的建议过去听起来都过时了，现在听起来都是正确的。

es来；B.rings响；C.goes走；D.calls喊。

ring true意为“听起来正确”，为固定搭配。

此处是讲作者对教育的价值的肯定，故选B。

17.考查连词辨析。

句意：我正在学习的这些课程，无论多么有价值，总是伴随着一种负罪感。

A.whether是否；B.however无论如何；C.whatever无论什么；D.whichever无论哪一个。

根据形容词valuable可知，应用however。

故选B。

18.考查副词辨析。

句意：许多人在我短暂工作过的地方度过他们的一生，在我一次只花两个月的地方度过了30年。

A.blankly空白地；B.blindly盲目地；C.briefly简洁地，短暂地；
D.bravely勇敢地。

根据前文讲“我”只是在假期工作可知，在工厂的工作时间很短。

故选C。

19.考查副词辨析。

句意：这份工作薪水不错，但对身体不好。

A.well好地；B.badly坏地；
C.high高地；
D.low低地。

根据转折词but可知，前后句意相反。

后文讲对身体不好，所以前文是讲薪水不错。

故选A。

20.考查动词短语辨析。

句意：我在工厂的经历激励我在进入现实世界之前充分利用我的大学时光。

A.make most让大多数；B.make the most充分利用；C.take charge负责；Dtake the。