人教版必修二Unit3 The lnternet Discovering useful课件

现在完成时概念：
表示 过去 发生的或 已完成 的动作对 现在 造成的 影响或结果。
Past
present
e.g. 1. I have just opened the door.
结果是 (The door is not closed now.）
常用的时间状语有：
◆常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:
these days, up to now, by now, lately, already, never, ever, just, yet, before, recently, so far, in the past few years等,表 示“到目前为止”所发生的动作.
3. We have planted many trees on the hill in the last two years. Many trees have been planted by us on the hill in the last two years.
Go for Grammar
【注意一】主动语态变被动语态的步骤:
1、一般现在时：is / am / are + done Our classroom is cleaned every day.我们教室每天都被打扫。 2、一般过去时：was / were + done A new shop was built last year.去年修了一座新商店。 3、一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be done A new hospital will be built in our city.我们城市将要修建一家新医院。 4、现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being done My bike is being repaired by Tom now.王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。 5、过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being done The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 6、 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been done This book has been translated into many languages.这本书被翻译成多种文字。
词。
→Disabled people shouldn't be laughed at.
2. 带双宾语的动词，变为被动语态时可以有两 He gave her some money.
种情况：
→She was given some money.
（1）把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语， /Some money was given to him.
在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
即学即练 将下列主动句变为被动句
1. I have asked her to help you. She has been asked by me to help you.
2. They have found a good place to build a library in the city. A good place has been found by them to build a library in the city.
→Jan’s life has been greatly improved
Internet. 主语 谓语
状语
They are building nine parks. 主语 谓语 宾语
→Nine parks are being built (by them). 主语 谓语 状语
by the
Go for Grammar
3. People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
主动
4. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
被动
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
二 构成
陈述句 主语+has/ have（not）been+P.P.+... 例1：Her motorbike has been stolen. 她的摩托车盗了。
一般疑问句 Has/have+主语+been+P.P.+...? 例2：Have they been sent abroad to study English?
past
active
present(no w)
future
The students have cleaned the classroom.
现在完成时 The classroom has been cleaned. You needn’t
passive clean it now.
表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果，主语是动作的承受者。
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：
already recently/lately ever since so far
已经 最近 自那以来 迄今为止
yet since then ever by now
已经 从那时起 曾经 到现在为止
for a long time
很长一段时间
in recent years
Look at the way the flowers have been planted Look at the way the grass has been cut Look at the way the paths have been swept I hope that you’ll come here again.
➢ slay – slew - slain
have/ has done 现在完成时 have/ has been done 现在完成时的被动语态
一、The Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时
结构：has/have + done (V-过去分词)
助动词, 无意义
表示说话时已经完成的动作, 而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响; 表示动作发生在过去, 但一直持续到现在, 并且有可能继续持续下去 。
2. The classrooms are cleaned by students every day.
3. This maths problem can be worked out by little Tom. 被动语态的构成：主语+ be+done 被动语态可能会发生在过去、现在和将来，状态可二】主动语态变被动语态注意事项
1.短语动词的被动语态：
They take good care of the children at school.
主动语态中的谓语动词是短语动词时，变为被 →The children are taken good care of at
动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副 school. You shouldn't laugh at disabled people.
而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来。
（2）直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语 He bought her a watch.
时，间接宾语前面加介词to 或for。用to还是 →She was bought a watch./
for，根据动词的搭配：一般动词give, pass, A watch was bought for her.
现在完成时的被动语态
1. 定义
表示说话时已经完成的被动性的动作或结果, 主语是动作的承受者。
现在完成时
+
被动语态
has/have done
+
be done
现在完成时的被动语态
has/have been done
被动语态的意义和构成
1. The book was written by Lu Xun.
slay-slain-slain
杀死
敌人
You have slain an enemy.
Your team has destroyed the t防u御rr塔et.
盟友
An ally has been slain. An enemy has been slain. You have been slain. Your turret has been destroyed.
一般疑 Have/ Has +S +been + done...
问句
Has his washing machine been repaired?
特殊疑问 疑问词+have/ has +S + been+done... Who has been invited?
句
二、The present perfect passive voice
show, send, bring要加介词to；动词buy, make,
cook, mend要加介词for。
找出下面句子的谓语结构，哪些是主动？哪些是被动？
1. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. 被动
2. The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life. 主动
Unit 3
Present perfect passive voice 现在完成时的被动语态
Lead in
Appreciate a poem
Look at the way your face has been washed Look at the way your teeth have been brushed Look at the way your shoes have been cleaned You’d better do them again.
1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态主 语
the Internet has greatly improved
主语 谓语
宾语
Jan’s life.
2.将主动谓语变为被动谓语 (am/is/are＋being+过去分词)。 3.将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在 被动句中作状语, 若不强调动词执行 者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省 略)。
他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has +been +P.P.+...? 例3：Who has been invented? 谁受到了邀请？
主动语态变被动语态的原则
“三变”
原句主语 宾语
谓语由主动
by的宾语 主语 被动
“三不变”
原句意思不变 原句时态不变 原句主谓宾以外成分不变
现在完成时的基本句型
现在完成时 (Active Voice)
肯定式 否定式 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句
have/has done
have/has not done have/has + 主 + done？（have/has提前） 疑问词- have/has + 主 + done？ (疑问词+一般疑问句)
肯定式
主语＋have/has been done...
否定式
主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 特殊疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
Exercises 用动词正确形式填空
1. First as a PC and then as a laptop, I_h_a_v_e__b_e_en__u_s_e_d_(use) in offices and homes since the 1970s. 2. Over time my memory __h_a_s_d_e_v_e_l_o_p_e_d_ (develop) so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__t_o_ld_(told). 3. Since the 1970s many new applicationsh_a_v_e__b_e_en___fo_u_n_d(find) for me. 4. I have also __b_e_e_n_p_u_t___(put) into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as__h_e_lp__ (help) with medical operations.
肯定式 S + have/has +been + done
The research has been done successfully.
否定式 S + have/ has + not + been + done... The author’s new story
has not been published.