2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 16 Stories教师用书 北师大版选修6

Unit 16 Stories
(对应学生用书第113页)
[单词拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．victim n．受害者2．preserve vt.保护，保存3．occur vi.发生
4．loss n. 遗失，丢失5．gather vi.&vt. 聚集
6．sorrow n. 悲伤，难过7．sympathy n. 同情
8．burst vi.爆炸；冲，闯9．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的10．hardship n. 艰苦，困苦11．musical adj.音乐的
n. 音乐剧，音乐片
12．former adj.以前的13．gradual adj.逐渐的14．sweetness n. 甜蜜，温柔15．warmth n. 温暖16．breakthrough n. 突破，重大发现17．uncertain adj.不确定的18．fantasy n. 想象(幻想)物19．characteristic adj.典型的20．suffering n. 痛苦，困难21．apparent adj.明显的，显而易见的22．complex adj.复杂的23．biography n. 传记
24．criteria n．(pl.) (评判的)标准
25．capsule n. 胶囊；太空舱
26．awesome adj.令人敬畏的
27．architecture n. 建筑
28．authentic adj.原作的；真正的
29．specific adj.特定的；详细的
30．stubborn adj.固执的，倔强的
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．abandon vt.放弃；遗弃
n. 放任，放纵
→abandoned adj.放荡的，堕落的
2．particularly adv. 特别地；特定地
→particular adj.特别的
3．significance n. 重要性；意义
→significant adj.重要的；有意义的
4．abnormal adj.反常的，不正常的
→normal adj.正常的
5．discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心
→discouraged adj.灰心的，泄气的
→discouraging adj.令人泄气的
→discouragement n. 劝阻，泄气；使人泄气的事物，挫折6．admire vt.钦佩
→admirable adj.令人钦佩的
7．trouble vt.惹麻烦
n. 麻烦
→troublesome adj.引起麻烦的
8．eager adj.渴望的，热衷的
→eagerly adv. 渴望地，热衷地
9．expand vt.扩大，扩充
→expansion n. 扩张
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．For many older people，particularly(particular) those living alone or in the
country，driving is important for preserving their independence.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
2．Yet instead of being discouraged(discourage) by my slow progress，I was excited.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
3．Some of the old fantasies(fantasy) about the space age are coming true.
4．It was apparent(apparently) that all of the students understood.
5．The wet weather is characteristic(character) of the northwest of their country. 6．A close friendship gradually(gradual) grew up between them.
7．He refused to talk about family's suffering(suffer) during the war.
8．Most students think it significant to join the English corner，though a few haven't realized the significance of it.(significance)
9．Because of his admirable success in playing basketball，many teenagers admire Jeremy Shu­How Lin and think he deserves their admiration．(admire)
10．It is normal that patients will have some abnormal behaviors when they are in low spirit.(abnormal)
[拓展联想]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．come into view 出现
2．knock sb.over 撞倒某人
3．once upon a time 从前
4．block out 堵住
5．in a way 从某种程度上说
6．on one's side 侧身，在某人一边
7．split up (使)解散；决裂
8．name...after 以……的名字给某人/某物命名
9．come across 偶然遇见；被理解
10．hold up 支撑起；延误，推迟
11．count on 依靠；指望；确信
12．figure out 理解
13．end up 以……结束，以……告终
14．put up with 容忍，忍受
15．in particular 特别，尤其
16．refer to 查阅；提到；涉及；提交
Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 2．If you don't slow down，you'll end up in hospital.
3．I can't put up with your rudeness any more；nor do I want to see you again. 4．She loves the song in particular，because her mother used to sing it.
5．I held up my hand to show that I had a question.
6．When I said some people are stupid I wasn't referring to you.
7．After a broken promise，it is hard for people to count on you.
8．A boy was knocked over by a passing car but fortunately he was not hurt severely. 9．We can't figure out why quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.
10．We were split up into groups to discuss the question.
11．He pulled down the shades，blocking out the bright sunlight.
12．The aircraft carrier was named after a famous general according to history books. [拓展联想]
[句式结构仿写]
I touched it. you are fully devoted to your work.
4.形容词(短语)作状语
And so the day went on，until finally I
climbed，tired and ashamed，into bed.
4.又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。

Hungry and tired，I had to stop to have
a rest.
(对应学生用书第115页)
精讲4个考纲单词
abandon vt.放弃，遗弃；沉湎于(某种情感)
n．[U]放任，放纵
[经典例句] The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.(牛津词典)
研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。

(1)abandon one's hope/plan/idea
放弃希望/计划/主意
abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)abandoned adj.无约束的；无度的；放荡的
be abandoned to 沉湎于……
功。

②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.
那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。

③He is abandoned to reading (read) all kinds of books in his spare time.
闲暇之余，他沉湎于阅读各种书籍。

链接写作
【导学号：33220058】(普通表达)He abandoned himself to the Internet games and didn't pass the exam.
①(高级表达)Abandoning himself to the Internet games，he didn't pass the exam.(用
现在分词短语作状语)
②(高级表达)Abandoned to Internet games，he didn't pass the exam.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
preserve vt.保护，保存；维护
[教材原句] In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule”preserving a frozen moment in history.
从某种程度上说，庞培古城如同一粒“时间胶囊”，保存了历史上被封存了的瞬间。

(1)preserve sb./sth.from... 保护某人/某物免于……
preserve sth.＋adj. 把某物保存得……
(2)preservation n. 保护，保存
in an excellent state of preservation
保存完好
①They were determined to preserve their leader from attacks.他们决心保护他们的领导免受袭击。

②The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation (preserve)，which are of great value to our study.这些画保存完好，它们对我们的研究有很大价值。

[名师点津] reserve与preserve词形相似，但其意思为“保留；预订”。

链接写作
【导学号：33220059】(普通表达)Confucian Temple is preserved well and it is worth visiting.
①(高级表达)Preserved well，Confucian Temple is worth visiting.(用过去分词短语作状语)
②(高级表达)Being in an excellent state of preservation，Confucian Temple is worth visiting.(用be in an excellent state的分词形式作状语)
witness vt.目击；见证 n．[C]目击者；证人
[高考佳句] Over the year，she witnessed gradual changes in the class.(2015·广东高考·写作)
一年来，她目睹了班里逐渐发生的变化。

(1)witness for/against 作有利于/不利于……的证明
witness to (doing) sth. 证明(做)某事
(2)be a witness to 是……的目击者；是……的证据
give/bear witness to 为……作证，证明
give witness on behalf of sb. 为某人作证
①He witnessed to having seen(see) the accused near the scene of the crime.
他证明在犯罪现场附近看见过被告人。

②Imagine you are a journalist and your partner is a witness to an accident.
假设你是一名记者，你的同伴是一起事故的目击者。

[语境助记]
The witness who witnessed the incident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.
这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。

occur vi.发生，出现；被想起
[高考佳句] Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016·北京高考·单项填空21)
杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。

(1)sth. occurs/occurred to sb. 某事被某人想起
It occurs/occurred to sb. that... 某人想起……
It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth.
某人想起做某事
(2)occurrence n. [C]事情；事件；[U](事情的)出现，发生
她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。

②This is a rare occurrence (occur) as our climate seldom goes to extremes.由于这里的气候很少出现极端情况，所以这是很罕见的情况。

链接写作
【导学号：33220060】我们想出了一个好主意：制作一个视频去记录我们的在校经历。

(2017·北京高考)
①We came up with a good idea to make a video to record our experiences at school.
②A good idea occurred to us that we should make a video to record our experiences at school.
[拓展联想]
“某人想起……”结构还有
①Sb.thinks of sth.
②Sth.strikes/hits sb.
③It strikes sb. that...
④Sb.hits on/upon sth.
⑤es to sb./mind
诠释2个核心短语
come across偶然遇到；发现；被理解
[经典例句] I've never come across anyone quite like her before.(朗文辞典)我以前从未遇到过像她那样的人。

come up (植物)发芽；(太阳)升起；发生；被提及，被讨论
come up with 提出，提供；赶上
come on (表示劝说、鼓励、不耐烦等)来，快，得了come about 发生
come off it 别胡闹，别装蒜了
come out 出现；出版；结果是
When it comes to (doing) sth. 当涉及做某事时
①She came up with a new idea for increasing sale.
她想出了一个增加销售量的新主意。

②When it comes to cooking (cook)，she is always talking without stop.
每当谈到烹饪时，她就有说不完的话题。

③How did it come about that the man was dismissed?
那个人被解雇了是怎么回事？
④A pocket edition of the dictionary will come out soon.这本字典的袖珍版即将发行。

链接写作
(普通表达)I found some old pictures by chance when I was tidying the drawers. (高级表达)I came across some old pictures when I was tidying the drawers.
figure out理解；弄明白；计算出
[教材原句] So they figured out a way to change it.所以他们想出一个方法去改变它。

figure on (doing) sth. 计划/打算/预料到(做)某事
figure up 合计，把……加起来；计算出
figure in 被计算进去；被考虑在内；在……中出现
Don't figure on the weather being fine for your garden party.
们举办游园会而变得好起来。

②The bill you paid doesn't figure in the tip you have to give to the waiter. 你支付的账单并没有包括你必须给服务员的小费。

突破2个高考句型
(教材P11)Now that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。

now that意为“既然，由于”，口语中可省去that，相当于since，用来引导原因状语从句，引出一个事实，主句表示说话者的一个建议或想法。

①We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.既然苏西不与我们一起吃饭，我们本来不必买这么多食物的。

②Now that he'd come to the door，he thought he might as well go in with the others to have a look.
他想，既然来到了门口，不如跟着别人进去看看。

③Now that(＝Since) we have covered the whole chapter，we may have a discussion next time we meet.既然我们看完了整个章节，下次见面时我们就可以进行讨论了。

(教材P11)Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it．
她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。

unless I touched it为unless引导的条件状语从句。

(1)unless“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。

(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。

(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。

to keep your motivation level high.除非减肥是为了悦己，否则很难保持积极性。

②We cannot understand disease unless we understand the person who has the disease. 若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。

链接写作
【导学号：33220061】除非你多加练习，否则你是不会学好英语的。

①You can't learn English well if you don't practise it more often．(if)
②You can't learn English well unless you practise it more often．(unless)
[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型————————————————
(对应学生用书第117页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We can only count on it that he will rescue us.
2．Now that everyone can understand what I have said，there is no need for me to explain it again.
3．Curious about everything，we looked around.
4．People should preserve children from being hurt (hurt)．
5．You must have the report typed (type) in half an hour.The boss is to speak at the meeting at 8 pm.
6．Barbara often makes a schedule to get herself reminded (remind) of what she is to do in the day.
7．The only problem is that I can't figure out why she'd want to date a guy like me.
8．I don't know how she can put up with her crazy husband.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I felt nervous for the first time I gave a speech to many students.
删去for
2．Everyone burst out cheers as we got closer to the scenic spot.
out→into
3．He witnessed to have seen the man take away the case.
have→having
4．Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years，particular among young people.
particular→particularly
5．Discouraging completely，he decided to give it up.
Discouraging→Discouraged
6．Of the two，I prefer a former one.
a→the
7．He asked his teacher to expand for the steps of programming.
for→on
8．Those who eager for success will make every effort to achieve it.
who后加are
(对应学生用书第118页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
请根据Lesson 1的课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer 1.called (call) Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he 2.had witnessed (witness) as a young man.The eruption had occurred 3.on August 24th，79 AD.The tragedy left 4.a deep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption.5.However，more than 1，600 years later，some scientists found the lost towns that had been buried under the ashes of Mount Vesuvius.Pompeii is like a “time capsule” 6.preserving (preserve) a frozen moment in history.Before the eruption occurred，7.it had been a booming Roman city with temples，markets，restaurants and theatres.Today you can visit these buildings by walking along the 8.original (origin) streets of the city.And 9.more (many) than 250 years since the city was found，thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year 10.to learn (learn) more about the ancient world.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
请根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．在回家的路上，我偶遇一个老人在路边乞讨。

(on one's way home，come across) 2．又冷又饿，他躺在地上。

(cold and hungry)
3．除此之外，他还忍受着来自他人的漠视和嘲笑。

(put up with)
4．我不理解他是怎样来到这儿的。

我最终帮助了他。

(figure out，end up)
5．他告诉我说这是他第一次感受到来自陌生人的温暖。

(It is the first time that...) 6．从那以后，我想既然每个人都有年老的时候，为什么不善待自己的父母呢？(now that) 第一步练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

第二步 练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

On my way home, I came across an old man begged by the road. Cold and hungry, he was lying on the ground with a empty bowl in one hand. In addition this, he put up with indifference and ridicule from the others. I didn't figure out how he arrived here. However, I ended up helping him. He told me that it was the first time that he have felt the warmth from a stranger. After that, I am thinking now that everyone will get old, why not treat our parents kindly?
【答案】
On my way home, I came across an old man begged begging
by the road. Cold and hungry, he was lying on the ground with a an
empty bowl in one hand. In addition ∧to this, he put up with indifference and ridicule from ﹨
the others. I didn't figure out how he arrived here. However, I ended up helping him. He told me that it was the first time
that he have had
felt the warmth from a stranger. After that, I am thinking now that everyone will get old, why not treat our parents kindly?。