英文报告数据图表的写法与范本

英文报告数据（图表）的写法与范本
【图表显示什么】
图表可用于比较很多有差别的事物。

曲线图通常用于显示一段时间内的发展情况。

【报告的结构如何】
以下是这份报告所采用的结构。

【怎样谋篇布局】
构思报告时，想好各段的内容并列出要点。

【介绍趋势】
【比较趋势】
【对比趋势】
【有用语句】
作者利用关键词和短语报告数据。

实践
在开始之前：
▲仔细观察所要报告的数据并做笔记。

▲问自己有关图表内容的问题。

这些信息是关于什么的？
各轴上的数字代表什么？
这些线显示出什么变化？
这些线相互间的关系是什么？
这些线最明显的特征是什么？
从图表中可以得出什么结论？
▲组织内容时要突出主要趋势或特征。

选择语言：
▲使用简单清楚的语言，但要有学术风格。

▲使用语言描述总趋势。

The graph shows / represents / indicates...
The figures show / indicate (that)...
From the graph it can be seen that...
The following conclusions can be drawn from the data:
The main trend seen in the data is that...
The main trend is upwards / downwards.
▲使用语言描述一段时间内的发展情况。

a small / slight / gradual increase / decrease
a significant / marked / dramatic increase / decrease
a small / slight rise / fall / dip
steady growth
to rise / increase / fall / decrease / decline / drop (by 5%) to rise / fall steadily / dramatically / sharply / rapidly Customer numbers have fluctuated.
(Online sales) reached an all-time high / low.
The graph shows a marked change in...
当你撰写时：
▲描述趋势。

▲比较趋势。

▲对比趋势。

▲总结趋势。

检查
介绍数据的主题了吗？
找出信息中呈现的主要趋势了吗？
对趋势或图表进行了有意义的比较吗？
数据报告准确吗？
结论是对数据的总结吗？
回答了问题吗？
检查用词、语法和拼写了吗？
附：范本
通过选取和报告主要特征来概括图表信息并进行相关比较。

The graph shows what proportion of their total expenditure households in the UK spent, over a fifty year period, in five different categories: housing; fuel, light and power; food; clothing and footwear; and transport and vehicles.
Between 1957 and 2007 expenditure in all five categories changed to some extent, but the most marked change was in the food category. At the beginning of the period the proportion of expenditure on food was more than three times as high as that in all the other categories, representing more than thirty per cent of total household expenditure. However, by 2007 this figure had more than halved to around fifteen per cent, and was slightly less than expenditure on both housing and transport.
The two other areas where proportions of expenditure fell over the period are clothing and footwear, and fuel, light and power. However, the changes here were much less dramatic. Expenditure on the former dropped steadily from ten per cent to five per cent, and on the latter from six per cent to three per cent. For most of the fifty-year period, these categories used up a significantly smaller proportion of the household budget than the others.
In two categories, transport and housing, the proportions of expenditure almost doubled, rising from eight and nine per cent to sixteen and nineteen per cent respectively. Thus, by the end of the period, the highest proportion of household expenditure went on housing, and the lowest on fuel, light and power.
In conclusion, the graph shows that the patterns of spending in UK households changed to some extent over the period 1957 to 2007, the part of the budget spent on
food showing the most marked change.。